Lloyd George

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Lloyd George B Y THE S A M E A U THOR . SS S OF B K - R CONF E ION A OO LOVE . — The Boo k m an says As a bo o k-lo ve r h e is He d li h th e enu n e thi . is e tfull eu g i ng . g y th usmstic and hi s e nth usi asm is c o nta io u , g s . THE G OF EN E R Y LOVE . A M O EM IR . — The British Weekly says A bo o k o f s ta ndard m e ri t written with e r ec a , p f t t ste and true literar ki ll y s . THE S THE B OULS O F RAV E . The Christi a n A dvocate says - Much h as be e n writte n abo ut th e law o f sacrifi ce in co n n ectio n with th e war but we hi nk no thi n , , t , g so im a inati v c e t so s iri al and cri ural g , y p tu S pt as th s DAV ID D H n . O G G C Th e Rt. o O P. LL Y E R E, , THE ‘ N EW ' LLOYD GEORGE AN D THE OL D . W W E . ALTERS % A T O T S O L o r m e AV THE G Y O F U H R HE U S BR E , ENER C I O A O O K- LOV Erc L OV O F O F . E , N ESS NS B ER , M a ny perso ns hold lka t the so -called new Lloyd George s the old o d Ge r i a w r c a - ~ 1LY P . i simply Ll y o ge n a lo k . DA RESS - r t m o t S MOLL TT. True p at io i s is f no p ar y . E LO NDON % O S E P H O H N S O N J J , HO ORN HAL L LB , no . AT RY PREF O NOTE . I A M indebted in many directions . To the Authors of books , articles , etc . , touching the life and personality of the Subject of this little I volume should like to convey special thanks , and would mention in particular Mr . Herbert Du Parcq , Mr . Beriah Evans , Dr . Charles lea . Saro . , Mr A G Gardiner , Mr J F Mar c o ssan . , Mr Lewis R Freeman , and Mr Frank il t D no . I am also indebted to various kind friends , who , a by the spoken word and other means , h ve helped in the writing of these pa ges . ‘ ’ As r t The w L lo Geor e egards the itle , yd g , it is interesting to recall Robert Louis Steven son ’ s playful remark Man is a creature who lives not upon bread alone , but principally by ” - arte rs catch words . In certain u much has ‘ ’ TO been heard of the New loyd George . what extent the title is justified , as applied in a critical sense , rests with the judgment of the reader . It should be a dded that pen wa s fir st put to o r 1 1 n these pages early in Oct b e , 9 5 . S i ce then s many fresh fears and uSpicio n s have arisen . The reader who would be just in his j udgment t on he e . should rea d to la st page , and b y d E. W . W . 44 2065 2 CONTENTS . PACE Introductory Between the Mountainsand the Sea m Approaching Maiih o o d Advocate Early Battles fOr Freedom Matters Political The Orator Marriage and First Election ” Westminster Stormy Sessions A Free Church for a Free People The Cold Shades of Opposition The South African Wa r Little Brother of the Poor Home Life Wide Authority The Great European War Minister of Munitions The Highest Interests of Labour Through Terror to Triumph % A Story of Progress Adverse Criticism The Unseen Future INTRODUCTORY. CHAPTER I . INTRODUCTORY . You would play upo n m e you would seem to know my stops yo u wou ld pluck o ut the heart of my mystery you wou ld r m st n o te to the to o m m s sound m e f o the lo we p f y co pas . S K l P . Ham et Act I I I . 2 HA ES EARE , , , C l v v - FOR IBLE , lively, rea istic , i id, that was our first impression of David Lloyd George . The impression was made some years before he - became world famous . He was showing two friends over the House at the time , and impressed all who witnessed the scene with his remarkable enthusiasm . It seemed , indeed , as though to him at the moment the House of Commons was the whole world and the two friends the only inhabitants , so thoroughly did he enter into his task . A thorough man And to thoroughness must be added unusual gifts of hi courage and tenacity . On s first entry into Parliament it was clear to men of discernment that a great future awaited him . ” Yes , here , Mr . A . G . Gardiner wrote some years back in the Daily Na e s here was the it s ro potentiality of politics , and here , too , mance . My mind turned to that little se a village between the mountains and the . - I saw the kindly old uncle , boot maker and local ( U ) % ” G rz THE N EW LLOYD GEOR E . preacher, worrying out the declensions and the irregu lar verbs of a strange tongue in order to saw pave the path of the boy to the law . I the - ualifi ed hi s boy of twenty one a Solicitor , with % htin foot on the ladder , g g the battle of the village folk against the tyranny of the parson , who refused the dying wish of a Dissenter to be ’ buried in his child s grave . Bury him where ’ he wished to be , said young Lloyd George , strong in the law , but if the gate is locked , ’ Old break down the gate . And the man was l ’ buried in his chi d s grave , and solemn Judges in London pronounced a solemn verdict in saw support of the young Hampden . I him , still little more than a lad , leaping into the ring and challenging the s quire of the village for the — possession of the Carnarvon Boroughs chal i lenging him and beating him . I saw him , w th nothing but his native wit and hi s high soaring courage to help him , flashing into the great world of politics , risking his fortune and even hi s e s life in support of an unpopular cause , caping from Birmingham Town Hall in the clothes of a policeman , his name the symbol of fierce enthusiasms and fierce hates . And then saw I him , transformed from the brilliant free lance into the serious statesman , the head of a great department , handling large problems of government with easy mastery , moving great - merchant princes like pawns on a chess board , winning golden opinions from all sides , his name always on the lips of the world , but no longer in — ” hate but rather with wonder and admiration . The secret of his power is obvious to all . I INTRODUCTORY . 3 Indeed , it is said that he wears his heart upon his . sleeve Above all , is he hopeful and coura % eo us . g The bigger the task , the better he i likes it the h gher the stakes , the more heroic his play . He never fears to put his fate to the all . touch , and will cheerfully risk his on a throw He has not only the eye for the big occasion and the courage that rises to it % he has the ” instinct for the big foe . But , there is surely, his a rich store of discretion at the back of valour . Were it otherwise he would have failed many Has he a le % times , and failed deplorably . f i d Rather has he the valour that springs from sound j udgm a i t and a sure consciousness of the power to carry every task he undertakes to a successful end . He is at the bottom , as Mr . Gardiner writes , the most subtle , the most resolute , and the . has most wilful force in politics He passion , but it is controlled . It does not burn with the deep spiritual fire of Gladstone . It flashes and sparkles . It is an instrument that is used , not an O bsession of the soul . You feel that it can ” be put aside as adroitly as it is taken up . That he is a steadfast man goes without saying . Having once put his hand to the . hi s plough , he does not look back Knowing ability to cut a straight furrow , he goes straight ahead , sure of eye and hand . And the fire within him , whether or no it be of the nature r that burnt in the g eat soul of Gladstone , is certainly an undying fire . Sparks may shoot u — forth , flames may leap p the heat and force may lead some men to imagine that the fire % ” 1 4 THE NEW LLOYD GEORGE . must burn to ashes , but the warmth and the glow remain . % Again , it has been said that he has the swiftest mind in p o litics It is a mind that carries no impedimenta .
Recommended publications
  • How Will the Coalition End? Cameron and Clegg May Look to the Precedent Set by the 1945 Caretaker Government
    How will the coalition end? Cameron and Clegg may look to the precedent set by the 1945 caretaker government blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/how-will-it-end-the-precedent-for-a-caretaker-government-at-the-end-of-the- coalition/ 5/8/2013 Alun Wyburn-Powell provides a historical account of the 1945 caretaker government and argues that it provides a useful model for thinking about when the current coalition might end. Whilst obviously very different situations, there is good logic in parting some months prior to the start of the 2015 campaign for both the LibDems and Tories. It would allow a bit more freedom for the parties to maneuver and might neutralize Labour’s attempt to attack the coalition. Nick Clegg and David Cameron’s press conference in the Rose Garden at 10 Downing Street was the image which characterised the start of the current coalition in May 2010. At that time many people believed that the government was unlikely to last the full parliamentary term. Now, past the halfway mark, most think that it probably will. History is on the side of the coalition surviving to the end. The Lloyd George coalition lasted for six years, in war and peace, from 1916 to 1922. The National Government lasted nine years from 1931 to 1940 and the most recent example, Churchill’s all-party Second World War coalition, lasted five years from 1940 to 1945. Assuming that it does last, how could the current coalition be brought to a neat conclusion, so that the parties do not end up fighting each other in an election campaign, while still in government together? The example of the Caretaker Government at the end of the last coalition in 1945 offers a precedent.
    [Show full text]
  • A Breach in the Family
    The Lloyd Georges J Graham Jones examines the defections, in the 1950s, of the children of David Lloyd George: Megan to Labour, and her brother Gwilym to the Conservatives. AA breachbreach inin thethe familyfamily G. thinks that Gwilym will go to the right and she became a cogent exponent of her father’s ‘LMegan to the left, eventually. He wants his dramatic ‘New Deal’ proposals to deal with unem- money spent on the left.’ Thus did Lloyd George’s ployment and related social problems. Although op- trusted principal private secretary A. J. Sylvester posed by a strong local Labour candidate in the per- write in his diary entry for April when dis- son of Holyhead County Councillor Henry Jones in cussing his employer’s heartfelt concern over the fu- the general election of , she secured the votes of ture of his infamous Fund. It was a highly prophetic large numbers of Labour sympathisers on the island. comment. The old man evidently knew his children. In , she urged Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin to welcome the Jarrow marchers, and she battled he- Megan roically (although ultimately in vain) to gain Special Megan Lloyd George had first entered Parliament at Assisted Area Status for Anglesey. Megan’s innate only twenty-seven years of age as the Liberal MP for radicalism and natural independence of outlook Anglesey in the We Can Conquer Unemployment gen- grew during the years of the Second World War, eral election of May , the first women mem- which she saw as a vehicle of social change, espe- ber ever to be elected in Wales.
    [Show full text]
  • Arguing for the Death Penalty: Making the Retentionist Case in Britain, 1945-1979
    Arguing for the Death Penalty: Making the Retentionist Case in Britain, 1945-1979 Thomas James Wright MA University of York Department of History September 2010 Abstract There is a small body of historiography that analyses the abolition of capital punishment in Britain. There has been no detailed study of those who opposed abolition and no history of the entire post-war abolition process from the Criminal Justice Act 1948 to permanent abolition in 1969. This thesis aims to fill this gap by establishing the role and impact of the retentionists during the abolition process between the years 1945 and 1979. This thesis is structured around the main relevant Acts, Bills, amendments and reports and looks briefly into the retentionist campaign after abolition became permanent in December 1969. The only historians to have written in any detail on abolition are Victor Bailey and Mark Jarvis, who have published on the years 1945 to 1951 and 1957 to 1964 respectively. The subject was discussed in some detail in the early 1960s by the American political scientists James Christoph and Elizabeth Tuttle. Through its discussion of capital punishment this thesis develops the themes of civilisation and the permissive society, which were important to the abolition discourse. Abolition was a process that was controlled by the House of Commons. The general public had a negligible impact on the decisions made by MPs during the debates on the subject. For this reason this thesis priorities Parliamentary politics over popular action. This marks a break from the methodology of the new political histories that study „low‟ and „high‟ politics in the same depth.
    [Show full text]
  • Recall of Mps
    House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee Recall of MPs First Report of Session 2012–13 Report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 21 June 2012 HC 373 [incorporating HC 1758-i-iv, Session 2010-12] Published on 28 June 2012 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £0.00 The Political and Constitutional Reform Committee The Political and Constitutional Reform Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to consider political and constitutional reform. Current membership Mr Graham Allen MP (Labour, Nottingham North) (Chair) Mr Christopher Chope MP (Conservative, Christchurch) Paul Flynn MP (Labour, Newport West) Sheila Gilmore MP (Labour, Edinburgh East) Andrew Griffiths MP (Conservative, Burton) Fabian Hamilton MP (Labour, Leeds North East) Simon Hart MP (Conservative, Camarthen West and South Pembrokeshire) Tristram Hunt MP (Labour, Stoke on Trent Central) Mrs Eleanor Laing MP (Conservative, Epping Forest) Mr Andrew Turner MP (Conservative, Isle of Wight) Stephen Williams MP (Liberal Democrat, Bristol West) Powers The Committee’s powers are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in Temporary Standing Order (Political and Constitutional Reform Committee). These are available on the Internet via http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmstords.htm. Publication The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including press notices) are on the internet at www.parliament.uk/pcrc. A list of Reports of the Committee in the present Parliament is at the back of this volume.
    [Show full text]
  • Members of Parliament Disqualified Since 1900 This Document Provides Information About Members of Parliament Who Have Been Disqu
    Members of Parliament Disqualified since 1900 This document provides information about Members of Parliament who have been disqualified since 1900. It is impossible to provide an entirely exhaustive list, as in many cases, the disqualification of a Member is not directly recorded in the Journal. For example, in the case of Members being appointed 5 to an office of profit under the Crown, it has only recently become practice to record the appointment of a Member to such an office in the Journal. Prior to this, disqualification can only be inferred from the writ moved for the resulting by-election. It is possible that in some circumstances, an election could have occurred before the writ was moved, in which case there would be no record from which to infer the disqualification, however this is likely to have been a rare occurrence. This list is based on 10 the writs issued following disqualification and the reason given, such as appointments to an office of profit under the Crown; appointments to judicial office; election court rulings and expulsion. Appointment of a Member to an office of profit under the Crown in the Chiltern Hundreds or the Manor of Northstead is a device used to allow Members to resign their seats, as it is not possible to simply resign as a Member of Parliament, once elected. This is by far the most common means of 15 disqualification. There are a number of Members disqualified in the early part of the twentieth century for taking up Ministerial Office. Until the passage of the Re-Election of Ministers Act 1919, Members appointed to Ministerial Offices were disqualified and had to seek re-election.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms. a XER0K Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan
    72-11430 BRADEN, James Allen, 1941- THE LIBERALS AS A THIRD PARTY IN BRITISH POLITICS, 1926-1931: A STUDY IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1971 History, modern University Microfilms. A XER0K Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan (^Copyright by James Allen Braden 1971 THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED THE LIBERALS AS A THIRD PARTY IN BRITISH POLITICS 1926-1931: A STUDY IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By James Allen Braden, B. S., M. A. * + * * The Ohio State University 1971 Approved by ment of History PLEASE NOTE: Some Pages haveIndistinct print. Filmed asreceived. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS Sir, in Cambria are we born, and gentlemen: Further to boast were neither true nor modest, Unless I add we are honest. Belarius in Cymbeline. Act V, sc. v. PREFACE In 1927 Lloyd George became the recognized leader of the Liberal party with the stated aim of making it over into a viable third party. Time and again he averred that the Liberal mission was to hold the balance— as had Parnell's Irish Nationalists— between the two major parties in Parlia­ ment. Thus viewed in these terms the Liberal revival of the late 1920's must be accounted a success for at no time did the Liberals expect to supplant the Labour party as the party of the left. The subtitle reads: "A Study in Political Communi­ cation " because communications theory provided the starting point for this study. But communications theory is not im­ posed in any arbitrary fashion, for Lloyd George and his fol­ lowers were obsessed with exploiting modern methods of commu­ nications.
    [Show full text]
  • Section 1: a Minister Proposed, 1941-51
    Defending the Constitution: the Conservative Party & the idea of devolution, 1945-19741 In retrospect, the interwar years represented a golden age for British Conservatism. As the Times remarked in 1948, during the ‘long day of Conservative power which stretched with only cloudy intervals between the two world wars’ the only point at issue was how the party might ‘choose to use the power that was almost their freehold’.2 Nowhere was this sense of all-pervading calm more evident than in the sphere of constitutional affairs. The settlement of the Irish question in 1921-22 ensured a generation of relative peace for the British constitution.3 It removed from the political arena an issue that had long troubled the Conservatives’ sense of ‘civic nationalism’ - their feeling that the defining quality of the ‘nation’ to which they owed fealty was the authority of its central institutions, notably parliament and the Crown – and simultaneously took the wind from the sails of the nationalist movements in Wales and Scotland.4 Other threats to the status quo, such as Socialism, were also kept under control. The Labour Party’s failure to capture an outright majority of seats at any inter-war election curbed its ability to embark on the radical reshaping of society that was its avowed aim, a prospect which, in any case, astute Tory propagandising ensured was an unattractive proposition to most people before the second world war.5 1 I would like to record my thanks to Dr James McConnel, Ewen Cameron and Stuart Ball for their input to this chapter.
    [Show full text]
  • Www .Llgc.Org.Uk Peter Hain Papers
    0 10 0 10 The Welsh 0 10 Political Archive 0 The Welsh Political Archive Newsletter | Autumn 2008 | Number 39 | ISSN 1365-9170 www.llgc.org.uk 10 Peter Hain papers international issues from the 1970s. Peter Hain papers There are many papers deriving from Rhoi Cymru’n Gyntaf The Welsh Political Archive was the activities of the Young Liberals delighted to receive recently a very in the 1970s, including conference Dr W. R. P. George Papers large archive of the papers of the papers and many publications. Right Honourable Peter Hain, the Later papers concern electoral reform, Labour MP for Neath. Cardiff Business Club lectures the trades unions, election campaigns, Born in Nairobi, Kenya, Mr Hain and the evolution of the Labour Party Lloyd George Diary was brought up in South Africa in the 1980s. The last-named group and educated at Pretoria Boys’ includes many of Mr Hain’s keynote Cynhaeaf hanner canrif High School, until his anti-apartheid speeches. There are also more recent parents were forced to leave the papers relating to the Labour Party Sleeping with the enemy country. He later obtained degrees in the new millennium, the cabinet at Queen Mary College, London and positions held by Mr Hain, together Lord Pontypridd papers Sussex University. Originally a ‘Young with large groups of press cuttings Liberal’, he joined the Labour Party in and research papers connected Sir J. Herbert Lewis papers 1977 and served as research officer of with the donor’s books and articles. the Union of Communication Workers Further important documents are also Dr E.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Gwilym Lloyd-George As Minister of Fuel and Power, 1942­–1945
    131 Major Gwilym Lloyd-George As Minister Of Fuel And Power, 1942 –1945 J. Graham Jones Among the papers of A. J. Sylvester (1889–1989), Principal Private Secretary to David Lloyd George from 1923 until 1945, purchased by the National Library of Wales in 1990, are two documents of considerable interest, both dating from December 1943, relating to Major Gwilym Lloyd-George, the independent Liberal Member for the Pembrokeshire constituency and the second son of David and Dame Margaret Lloyd George. At the time, Gwilym Lloyd-George was serving as the generally highly-regarded Minister for Fuel and Power in the wartime coalition government led by Winston Churchill. The first is a letter, probably written by David Serpell, who then held the position of private secretary to Lloyd-George at the Ministry of Fuel and Power (and who was a warm admirer of him), to A. J. Sylvester.1 It reads as follows: PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL 4 December, 1943 Dear A. J., I am afraid I did not get much time for thought yesterday, but I have now been able to give some time to the character study you spoke to me about … The outstanding thing in [Gwilym] Ll.G’s character seems to me to be that he is genuinely humane – i.e. he generally has a clear picture in his mind of the effects of his policies on the individual. In the end, this characteristic will always over-shadow others when he is determining policy. To some extent, it causes difficulty as he looks at a subject, not merely as a Minister of Fuel and Power, but as a Minister of the Crown, and thus sees another Minister’s point of view more readily perhaps than that Minister will see his.
    [Show full text]
  • I J' Slipcovers
    A-10 THE EVENING STAR Washington, D. C. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBEB tl. IMIS Shuffles Eden EXTRA STORE HOURS TODAY Cabinet, Draws Political Jibes and every day through Friday *• LONDON. Dec. 21 UP)—Prime to “Minister Eden announced a ¦ I hours 9:30 A.M. 9 P.M. wholesale reshuffle of his gov- ernment today. British news- WASHINGTON STORE ONLY! papers gave the changes a mixed reception. Sir Anthony put seven cabinet portfolios into new hands, raised one department to cabinet rank, and drppped another from the Inner fold. Nine of Sir Anthony’s inner- most official family stayed where Shopping Days Nights they actually only and 2 were and 3 ’tilChristmas three new men joined the cab- inet. Even some Conservative papers expressed doubts and Laborites naturally—jeered at what they interpreted as a game Os political chairs. These were the most important changes: 1. Richard A. “Rab" Butler went from chancellor of the ex- chequer to government leader of the House of Commons. In effect he becomes Deputy Prime Min- ister, the post for which he has been slated ever since the gen- eral election last May, Foreign Post to Uoyd j Foreign Minister Harold Macmillan2. succeeded Mr. Butler qt the treasury. j Defense Minister Selwyn Lloyd3. takes over the Foreign Of- H collar styles in this value priced group. from Mr. Macmillan, RIR If ice and a Barrel and French cutts. Solids, pattern* ®ii Walter Monckton—who has T|.|| II IIA|al| H r / been labor minister—succeeded * 32 to 35 Mr. Lloyd in the defense post. I 11 } Ministry i 4.
    [Show full text]
  • British History – Draft Peace Treaty Biography of David Lloyd George
    British History – Draft Peace Treaty Biography of David Lloyd George David Lloyd George was born in Manchester on January 17 1863, the son of a school headmaster. His parents were Welsh speakers. The family moved to Pembrokeshire later in 1863, and his father, William George, began farming there. The following year, his father died, and his mother, Elizabeth, moved the family back to north Wales to live. They lived with Lloyd George’s uncle, Richard Lloyd, at Highgate cottage in Llanystumdwy near Criccieth, between 1864 and 1880. His uncle Richard had a great influence on Lloyd George when he was young, and he encouraged his nephew to train as a solicitor. Lloyd George worked for a company of solicitors in Porthmadog initially, and then he established his own company in Criccieth. He had a great interest in politics from an early age, and he was elected as Member of Parliament for the Liberal party in the Caernarfon constituency in 1890. He won that first election by only 19 votes, and became the youngest MP in the House of Commons at the time. He kept hold of the seat until 1945 – 55 years later. Lloyd George married Margaret Owen, a wealthy farmer’s daughter from the area in January 1888. Lloyd George made a name for himself as a strong and steadfast Member of Parliament, and as an unparalleled debater and orator. Welsh causes were very close to his heart. In 1905, he was appointed President of the Board of Trade by the Prime Minister of the day, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, and by 1908 he had been named Chancellor of the Exchequer in the government of H.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Yd George's Flintshire Loyalist Al Achievement of John Herbert
    LLOYD GEORGE’S FliNTShiRE LOYAliST THE POliticAL AchiEVEMENT OF JOHN HERBERT LEwiS Kenneth O. Morgan tells the story of the pre-eminent Welsh Lloyd Georgian, Sir Herbert Lewis. Member of Parliament for first Flint Boroughs and then Flintshire and finally the University of Wales from 1892 to 1922, Lewis was a junior minister under Asquith and Lloyd George for the last seventeen of those years. He was a devoted servant of Welsh intermediate and higher education, the National Museum of Wales and, especially, the National Library of Wales at Aberystwyth. Never achieving high office, he nevertheless played a crucial role as one of those who kept Lloyd George politically – and perhaps personally – honest. 18 Journal of Liberal History 57 Winter 2007–08 LLOYD GEORGE’S FliNTShiRE LOYAliST THE POliticAL AchiEVEMENT OF JOHN HERBERT LEwiS e had no friends out of his career at regular inter- then Flintshire and finally the and d id not vals cannot be disputed; nor can University of Wales from 1892 de ser ve a ny.’ his casualness with money, prin- to 1922, junior minister under Thus A. J. P. ciples and loyalties. His career, Asquith and Lloyd George Taylor’s dismiss- too, was littered with decent- for the last seventeen of those ‘Hive judgement on David Lloyd minded colleagues, Charles years, devoted servant of Welsh George.1 Like several of that Masterman, Christopher Addi- intermediate and higher educa- historian’s famous aphorisms, son, Llewelyn Williams, with tion, the National Museum and the effect is more arresting than whom he quarrelled fatally, especially the National Library accurate.
    [Show full text]