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Large-Scale Commercial Computing Front cover Introduction to the New Mainframe: Introduction to the New Mainframe: Large-Scale Learn why mainframes process much of the world’s commercial workload Find out why mainframes are so reliable Understand mainframe popularity Mike Ebbers Frank Byrne Pilar Gonzalez Adrados Rodney Martin Jon Veilleux ibm.com/redbooks International Technical Support Organization Introduction to the New Mainframe: Large-Scale Commercial Computing December 2006 SG24-7175-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 237. First Edition (December 2006) © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2006. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Preface . ix How this text is organized . x How each chapter is organized. x About the authors . x Acknowledgements . .xi Reviewers . xi Chapter 1. The new mainframe . 1 1.1 What is a mainframe? . 2 1.2 An evolving architecture . 3 1.3 Mainframes in our midst . 4 1.4 Who uses mainframe computers?. 5 1.5 Factors contributing to mainframe use . 6 1.5.1 Capacity . 7 1.5.2 Scalability . 7 1.5.3 Integrity and security . 8 1.5.4 Availability . 8 1.5.5 Access to large amounts of data. 9 1.5.6 Systems management . 10 1.5.7 Autonomic capabilities . 10 1.6 Typical mainframe workloads . 10 1.6.1 Batch processing. 11 1.6.2 Online transaction processing. 14 1.7 Summary . 17 1.8 Questions for review . 18 1.9 Topics for further discussion . 18 1.10 Instructor notes . 19 1.10.1 The S/360 - A turning point in mainframe history . 19 Chapter 2. Capacity. 21 2.1 Introduction . 22 2.2 What do we mean by capacity? . 22 2.3 Elements of a system required for capacity . 23 2.4 A few servers versus many servers . 23 2.4.1 Many servers. 24 2.4.2 Few servers - the IBM System z approach . 24 2.5 Mixed workloads . 25 2.6 Service level agreement . 26 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2006. All rights reserved. iii 2.7 Managing the system to the SLA . 27 2.7.1 Managing CPU . 27 2.7.2 Managing disk . 27 2.7.3 Storage concepts: the address space. 28 2.7.4 Real storage management . 30 2.8 Architecture, running work, and capacity . 30 2.9 Several servers on one physical machine. 34 2.9.1 The LPAR . 34 2.9.2 Planning for downtime. 35 2.10 Parallel Sysplex. 36 2.11 Measurements. 36 2.12 Summary . 37 2.13 Questions for review . 38 2.14 Topics for further discussion . 38 2.15 Instructor notes . 39 Chapter 3. Scalability . 41 3.1 Introduction to scalability . 42 3.2 Scalability concepts. 43 3.2.1 Scalability approaches . 43 3.2.2 Scalability influences. 44 3.2.3 Provisioning. 46 3.3 Scalability implementation on IBM System z. 46 3.3.1 Hardware scalability . 46 3.3.2 Operating system scalability . 50 3.3.3 Parallel Sysplex. 52 3.3.4 Provisioning. 58 3.3.5 Capacity on Demand. 59 3.3.6 Workload Manager (WLM) . 60 3.4 Summary . 68 3.5 Questions for review . 68 3.6 Instructor notes . 69 3.6.1 Hardware scalability . 69 3.6.2 Serialization. 69 3.6.3 Scalability approaches . 69 3.6.4 Provisioning. 69 3.6.5 Workload Manager (WLM) . 70 3.6.6 WLM . 76 Chapter 4. Integrity and security . 77 4.1 Introduction to integrity . 78 4.2 Integrity . 78 4.2.1 Serialization. 79 iv Introduction to the New Mainframe: Large-Scale Commercial Computing 4.2.2 Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem (DFSMS) . 82 4.2.3 Auditing . 85 4.2.4 Resource Recovery Services (RRS). 85 4.2.5 Data backup and recovery . 87 4.2.6 Performance . ..
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