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Environmental Impact Assesment THE PROJECT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF NILE RIVER BRIDGE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESMENT Final Report October 2011 Ministry of Roads and Bridges Republic of South Sudan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is a report of Environmental Impact Assessment performed for the project for construction of Nile Rover Bridge and accesses, which are located at south of Juba. The purpose of the report is to obtain the environmental permission from Ministry of Environment (MOE) for the implementation of the project by ensuring to mitigate environmental impacts predicted. Study approaches consist of site reconnaissance, existing data collection, discussion with related persons, numerical analysis, sampling and laboratory testing. The project is consisting of a bridge of 560m long over Nile River and accesses of 3,700m long as a part of future circumferential road for Juba, in addition acting as (1) network road connecting with other state capitals, (2) diversion road to mitigate the traffic congestion in Juba downtown and (3) to promote development and improve the southern area of Juba for the returning refugees and soldiers after cease fire/independence. Thus, the project is quite important for the development of Juba, Central Equatoria State and Republic of South Sudan. Figure Location of the project By the project, some negative impacts were predicted and, for that, mitigation measures are planed as: (1) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) in separate volume, (2) Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and (3) Health Management Plan (HMP) In these management plans, focuses are as follows: 1. On the west bank, access to the bridge passes through residential area owned by either private or i community, while on the east bank it passes through mostly open area belonging to community only. The residents are mixture of origin tribe people and other ethnic people. 2. By the land acquisition for the project, 80 households are to be displaced. They have to be properly compensated and assisted, regardless of conditions of land tiles, tribes etc, so that the life levels and livelihood will be better off compared to the project before. Vulnerable group shall be assisted as well. It should be ensured that other ethnic people than the origin tribe shall be treated fairly, openly and justifiably without prejudice or discrimination. Details are discussed in RAP, different volume. 3. Basically the local economy is promoted by the project. However the people, who may lose their jobs permanently/temporary by the land acquisition will be prioritized to be employed at the construction site, together with provision of vocational training so that everyone can enjoy the project benefit, in addition to replacement cost compensation. 4. None of social institution, infrastructure or service is affected except tented police station. 5. The natural resources had been already over exploited during civil war and forest has been lost then and there is no protected species of fauna and flora at the site. 6. Air pollutions (NO2, SPM, CO and SO2), noise and vibration caused by the traffic will be improved in Juba downtown due to the reduction of traffic volume the project while they are within the environmental limits both during construction and after operation at the project site except 2025. In 2025 the air pollutions will become very worse in spite of Nile Bridge construction due to over inflow of traffic in Juba downtown. Before this year, other circumferences roads shall be provided to reduce the traffic volume into Juba Down town. 7. An effort is taken to minimize the degree of air pollutions, noise and vibration by properly managing the construction work and equipments. Monitoring of them is implemented before, during and after construction to ensure that the emissions are endurable. 8. Impact to the hydraulic conditions or bank and riverbed erosion is environmentally tolerable during and after construction. 9. Water contamination caused by the construction of piers in the river is estimated and found to be negligible. No substances/waste shall be dumped into the river. Muddy water generated during earth filling work shall be properly treated pond before discharged into river. Water quality (Dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity etc) shall be monitored in dry and wet seasons before and after construction respectively and every month during construction. 10. No residents care about the landscape of future bridge or embankment. However, side slopes of embankment are to be re-vegetated with grass to reproduce a natural landscape as much possible, together with slope protection. 11. The ratio of people living with HIV/AIDS at the site is considered to be high. By the in flow of many construction workers during construction and returning of refugees and soldiers to the site, ii situation can be worsen. Campaign for prevention of STI /HIV/AID and provision of safety goods including workers and adjacent communities are implemented. 12. All the wastes from camp, kitchen, toilet and construction site are properly collected and dumped as per regulation. 13. During construction, it is monitored to ensure there is no child labor or salary discrimination by gender. iii Abbreviation AH Affected Households CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement CBD Central Business District CES Central Equatorial State CO Carbon Monoxide DO Dissolved Oxygen Ec Electric Conductivity EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan FDI Foreign Direct Investment GOS Government of Sudan GRSS Government of Republic of South Sudan HH Household IDPs Internally displaced Persons ICS Interim Constitution of Sudan ICSS Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan LTPR Land Tenure and Property Right Research JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) MOE Ministry of Environment MRB Ministry of Transport and Roads NGOs Nongovernmental Organizations NISPDS Nile Institute of Strategic Policy and Development Studies NO2 Nitrogen Dioxides NPA Norwegians People’s Aid NRC Norwegian Refugees Council NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit ODA Official Development Assistant OP Operation Policy PAPs Project affected Persons PPE Personal Protective Equipment RAP Resettlement action Plan ROW Right of Way SAAR Secretariat for Agriculture and Animal Resources SO2 Sulphur Dioxides SPLA Sudan Peoples’ Liberation Army SPLM Sudan Peoples’ Liberation Movement SPLM/A Sudan Peoples’ Liberation Movement/Army SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SPRP Sudan Property Right Program SS South Sudan Land Commission SSLC Suspended Solid SDG Sudanese Pound VA C Value Assessment Committee WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization iv TABLE OF CONTRENT Executive Summary···························································································································i Abbreviation ··························································································································ⅳ MAIN TEX Chapters 1. Introduction ····························································································································1 2. Project Description ·················································································································2 3. Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework ·······································································7 4. Alternative Study··················································································································15 5. Initial Environmental Examination·······················································································20 6. Baseline Data ······················································································································21 7. Environmental Impacts (EMD) ····························································································53 8. Environmental Management Plan·························································································68 9. Health Management Plan including HIV/AIDS ···································································86 10. Public Participation···············································································································88 11. Conclusion and Recommendation ························································································91 LIST OF FIGURES 2-1 Location of proposed Nile Bridge·····························································································2 2-2 Location of the proposed bridge and accesses···········································································3 2-3 Outlines of Bridge ····················································································································4 2-4 Slope protection work around the piers·····················································································5 2-5 Outline of proposed access ·······································································································5 3-1 Locations of official borrow pits and dumping sites··································································9 4-1 Metropolitan network proposed······························································································17 6-1 Land title································································································································21 6-2 Administrative Boundaries at the site and affected areas ························································22 6-3 Location
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