Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj in the View of Vishnu Prabhakar
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International Journal of Sanskrit Research 2015; 1(4): 18-21 ISSN: 2394-7519 IJSR 2015; 1(4): 18-21 Dayanand Saraswati And Arya Samaj In The View Of © 2015 IJSR Vishnu Prabhakar www.sanskritjournal.com Received: 29-03-2015 Accepted: 23-04-2015 Ranjan Lata Ranjan Lata Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Introduction Nehru University, New Delhi We all are‘Manushya’ or human beings. ‘Manushya’ is the person, one who ‘Matva Karmani Seevyanti ’. It means, who does every work mindfully. It is said that the one who is far away from mistakes is only God. But we are human beings. We make many types of mistakes. In the history of Indian civilization, we have done many types of mistakes by which we have become slaves. Many saints, reformers came and take us away from ignorant darkness of blind faith and slavery. Among those reformers one reformer is `Dayananda Saraswati’. ‘Vishnu Prabhakar’ is also a great scholar of Hindi Literature. He had written many books in his lifetime. He was affected by many scholars, whose description had been done by him in his book “Hamare Path Pradarshak” and ``Sampoorna Nibandh’’. In those books he also commented his views on ‘Dayananda Saraswati’. In this paper I want to discuss his views on Dayananda Saraswati who was little different from all other reformers at that time. He preceded his reform on the basis of Indian culture not by the path of Western culture. We are Indians and love our country very much. To protect our Bharat Mata We fought foreigners many times. We also know that against every evil there comes a revolution. It is well said that revolution which starts socially is more effective than politically. It is said if you want to flourish any country then make a socially attempt about it and if you want to ruin a country attack on its social life. And so sad that the second one had happened in our country. India got freedom in 1947 and gets rid of the Britishers’s rule. But it was not only one day task. There was a huge line of revolutionaries, and social reformers and their revolution and reform behind this freedom. Here we talk about social reformers specially. It is true that there were many attackers who ruled over India. But among them Islam and British rulers were more effective than others. There `Mahaveer’,`Buddha’, `Guru Nanak Dev’, `Shivaji’,` Maharana Pratap’, and others are the main powerful personality for social and political change. In modern India there came huge events of reforms and reformers like `Raja Ram Mohan Roy’, `Ram Krishna Paramhans’, and `Vivekanand ’,` Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar’, etc are the main names of that time They were as a result against the orthodox spreading all over India. These reformers try to do their best for welfare of everyone living in our country. No matter anyone is `Hindu’, `Muslim’, ‘Sikh’, or ‘Christian’, But this is the time of British Empire so they all influenced by them in their own way. Among them in 19th century there came a reformer named ‘Dayananda Saraswati’ who was not directly influenced by the methods and language of British Rulers and have a kind of proud for Indian culture and civilization. He wanted ‘Swaraj’ means the ‘Administration of self’ or ‘Democracy’. He says when God has made us free to do any work as we want, then who Britishers to make us slave are. In the words of ‘Aacharya Jabdekar’ -- “There should be reform in Hindu Religion, propagate one God all over. It should be said that there is oneness in all Religions. In this way his strong will was to throw out the darkness or differences of all religions and to spread the sunshine of one world religion everywhere” [1]. According ‘Vishnu Prabhakar --- Correspondence Ranjan Lata ‘Dayanand Saraswati’ was a great personality. He himself says `In what ways Religion should Research Scholar, Jawaharlal establish in the society, that is not done.’ He was a wonderer. He always wonders in the search Nehru University, New Delhi of truth and that ‘God’ who make us free. ~ 18 ~ International Journal of Sanskrit Research ‘Dayanand Saraswati’ was a great patriotic person. He was ‘Dayananda had a great intelligence of his Guru ‘Dandi Swami also famous for his ‘PAKHNADA KHANDINI PATAKA’ Virjananda’ who had recognized the ability of Dayananda. because he says that everything demands its ‘Khandan’ after That’s why he pours all his knowledge in his able pupil named that it demands its ‘Mandan’. He himself wanted the unity of Dayananda. At the time of Guru Dakshina Dayananda gave the society. In this respect he says in his book ‘SATYARTH ‘Laungas’ to his Guruji. He did not accept it and said that it is PRAKASH—‘whatever thoughts are similar in all community not what I want? I want that you will throw away the those should be accepted and discarded the falsity in all ignorance of all countrymen and to remove all the orthodoxies. ‘MATAS’ [2] I wish to you ‘Make busy all persons to keep `Devotion’ again In another place Vishnu Prabhakar says about Dayananda— to Vedas. As Vedas were misinterpreted by others. So you “He did not accept ‘Christianity’ better in any way than Hindu should return all of them again towards Vedas. Spend your life Religion, but he accepted that there are many good persons in active like the water of Ganga and Yamuna. This is my Guru Christians also” [3]. Dakshina [12]. “Narrowness is totally out from the life of Dayananda. There Vishnu Prabhakar says that at that time Hindu Dharma has were `Father Scott’ & Lal Bihari, `Moniar Williams’, and `Sir become only mixture of orthodoxies and untouchable feelings Syad Ahamad’ among his friend circle’’ [4]. among each other, and scholarly showing. `ISLAM’ and In this matter Prof. G. wise had written a letter to Dayananda `CHRISTIAN’ are new religions in India. There was life and for mutual cooperation and said to him, `European Christian activeness [13]. views are not based on proper ways. So I have a keen interest In this way they were attacking on Hindu Religion. At that to know about the real nature of `Arya Dharma’ [5]. crucial time Dayananda had tried to reform all the orthodoxies This was the demand of that time. In his view ‘Swaraj’ is the of the nation. He had to do much more for his country but due backbone of the freedom fighting [6]. `Slaveness’ is death.’ to many reasons his revolution didn’t become so much According Narasingha Panda, `All these quotations will effective. For whom (especially Hindus), he was doing all convince the reader that the ancient Aryans had worshipped these, and they themselves accepted him as his rival. only one God. Thus Dayananda’s interpretations which Sufi Saint Rahim Bakhsha has said giving his deep hearted establishes this fact before the scholars must be admitted as a Sraddhanjali to Dayananda – very good attempt for understanding the purpot of Vedic ``Dayananda ne hi is mulk ko gahari neend se jagaya. Hai teachings.’ Further he says that - ``In this way Maharshi afsosa ki evaz me hamne unhe jahar pilaya. Dayananda Saraswati has contributed a lot to the Vedic Hindu ho, chahe ho musalman, is mulka Hind ka, insaf se bolo interpretation, for which we have got some positive ki Dayananda tha is jamaane me informations and also a new direction to read and to Rahnuma’’[14] understand the Vedas in proper manner, for the welfare of the Vishnu Prabhakar wrote that He was also an admirer of society’’ [7]. Brahma Samaj and other reformers who wanted to reform their Dayananda said to Bishop of Cents Peter Church, ``If you and country. we and all the noble intellectual leaders will propound only He says in his book ‘Satyarth Prakash’ - “Whatever good those teachings which are common in all religions, then Unity reforms have been done by ‘Brahma Samaj’ and ‘Prathna can be maintained, and then atheist protesters will only be in Samaj’ is done by the influence of Christianity [15]. the opposite.’’ But no one became agree on his views. It is a matter of praise but they have very less patriotic He used to say, “There should be reform in Hindu Religion, emotions for their country. They have taken many rules from propagate one `God’ all over. It should be said that there is them. According to western thought they have changed their oneness in all Religions and in this way his strong will was to daily routine and cultural behavior. They believe that there are throw out the darkness of all the differences of all religions not any great Indian ancestors except Britishers” [16]. and to spread the sunshine of world religion everywhere” [8]. According Vishnu Prabhakar, Maharishi Dayananda has not According Vishnu Prabhakar, Dayanand was a great propagate any new philosophy, but he has taken out Vedas personality. He himself says “In what ways Religion should from the administration of ‘PANDITS’ and made them easily establish in the society that is not done in our society” [9]. available for all human-beings. He has made the rule – ‘Veda It’s true that Brahma Samaj was totally affected to Western is the book of all true vidyas, and it is the foremost duty of all Education. In the time of `Keshav Chandra Sen’ it became to read, teach and to hear and to make listened to others [17]. totally far away from the ‘BRAHMA’ of the Vedas. According Vishnu Prabhakar – In the view of Vishnu Prabhakar - Before Swami ‘Maharshi Dayananda has said that in Vedas are not only Vivekananda, Dayananda Saraswati had established Arya dharma Grantha, but science also consists in it.’ For this he has Samaj which was totally devoted to Vedic or Indian culture taken the style of Nirukta and Grammar and also accepted the based revolution.