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Protective Effects of Rosmarinic Acid Against Selenite-Induced Cataract and Oxidative Damage in Rats Chia-Fang Tsai1,2, Jia-Ying Wu2, Yu-Wen Hsu 3
Int. J. Med. Sci. 2019, Vol. 16 729 Ivyspring International Publisher International Journal of Medical Sciences 2019; 16(5): 729-740. doi: 10.7150/ijms.32222 Research Paper Protective Effects of Rosmarinic Acid against Selenite-Induced Cataract and Oxidative Damage in Rats Chia-Fang Tsai1,2, Jia-Ying Wu2, Yu-Wen Hsu 3 1. Department of Applied Cosmetology, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan. 2. Department of Biotechnology, TransWorld University, Yunlin County, Taiwan. 3. Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan. Corresponding author: Hsu is to be contacted at the Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, No.168, University Rd., Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan. Tel.: +886 4 8511888. E-mail address: [email protected] © Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions. Received: 2018.12.12; Accepted: 2019.03.29; Published: 2019.05.10 Abstract Cataracts are the major cause of blindness and are associated with oxidative damage of the lens. In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the protective effects of rosmarinic acid on selenite-induced cataractogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rat pups. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, each of which consisted of 10 rat pups. Group I served as normal control (vehicle administration). For testing cataract induction, animals of Groups II, III, IV, and V were administered a single subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (2.46 mg/kg body weight) on postpartum day 12. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,227,427 B2 Coracci Neto Et Al
USOO8227427B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,227,427 B2 Coracci Neto et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 24, 2012 (54) VETERINARIAN COMPOSITION (52) US. Cl. ........................................ .. 514/27; 514/368 COMPRISING AN ORGANIC SALT 0F (58) Field of Classi?cation Search ................. .. 513/71; LEVAMISOLE IN COMBINATION WITH AT 548/155; 514/27, 368 LEAST ONE AVERMECTIN AND/OR See application ?le for complete search history. MILBEMYCIN (75) Inventors: Dolivar Coracci Neto, Sertaozinho (56) References Cited (BR); Nelson Henriques Fernandes Filho, Jaboticabal (BR); Ricardo da FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Silva Sercheli, Jaboticabal (BR) BR PI0505716 A 9/2007 GB 2150024 A 6/1985 (73) Assignee: NPA—Nucleo de Pesquisas Aplicadas WO 00/74489 A1 12/2000 Ltda., Jaboticabal (BR) WO 2004/009080 A1 1/2004 OTHER PUBLICATIONS ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 International Search Report. U.S.C. 154(b) by 575 days. Analytical Report Characterization of Pharmaceutical Input Aurixazol (Feb. 20, 2010). (21) App1.No.: 12/097,683 Primary Examiner * Elli Peselev (22) PCT Filed: Dec. 18, 2006 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm * Laurence P. Colton; Smith Risley Tempel Santos LLC (86) PCT No.: PCT/BR2006/000282 § 371 (0X1)’ (57) ABSTRACT (2), (4) Date: Nov. 3, 2008 Veterinarian composition comprising an organic salt of (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2007/068073 levamisole in combination With at least one avermectin and/ or milbemycin. A veterinarian formulation comprising of organ PCT Pub. Date: Jun. 21, 2007 ics salts of levamisole, more speci?cally to the levamisole salt of 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol and the levamisole salt of 4-hy (65) Prior Publication Data droxy-3-iodo-5-nitrobenzonitrile With avermectins and mil US 2009/0075918 A1 Mar. -
INVESTIGATION of NATURAL PRODUCT SCAFFOLDS for the DEVELOPMENT of OPIOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS by Katherine M
INVESTIGATION OF NATURAL PRODUCT SCAFFOLDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPIOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS By Katherine M. Prevatt-Smith Submitted to the graduate degree program in Medicinal Chemistry and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _________________________________ Chairperson: Dr. Thomas E. Prisinzano _________________________________ Dr. Brian S. J. Blagg _________________________________ Dr. Michael F. Rafferty _________________________________ Dr. Paul R. Hanson _________________________________ Dr. Susan M. Lunte Date Defended: July 18, 2012 The Dissertation Committee for Katherine M. Prevatt-Smith certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: INVESTIGATION OF NATURAL PRODUCT SCAFFOLDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPIOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS _________________________________ Chairperson: Dr. Thomas E. Prisinzano Date approved: July 18, 2012 ii ABSTRACT Kappa opioid (KOP) receptors have been suggested as an alternative target to the mu opioid (MOP) receptor for the treatment of pain because KOP activation is associated with fewer negative side-effects (respiratory depression, constipation, tolerance, and dependence). The KOP receptor has also been implicated in several abuse-related effects in the central nervous system (CNS). KOP ligands have been investigated as pharmacotherapies for drug abuse; KOP agonists have been shown to modulate dopamine concentrations in the CNS as well as attenuate the self-administration of cocaine in a variety of species, and KOP antagonists have potential in the treatment of relapse. One drawback of current opioid ligand investigation is that many compounds are based on the morphine scaffold and thus have similar properties, both positive and negative, to the parent molecule. Thus there is increasing need to discover new chemical scaffolds with opioid receptor activity. -
Bulletin Leading the Fight Against Heartworm Disease
BULLETIN LEADING THE FIGHT AGAINST HEARTWORM DISEASE SEPTEMBER HEARTWORM 2017 Q&A VOLUME 44 No. 3 Heartworm History: In What Year Was Heartworm First INSIDE THIS ISSUE Treated? Page 4 From the President Page 8 Research Update Abstracts from the Literature Page 14 Heartworm Hotline: Role of Heat Treatment in Diagnostics Page 19 NEW! Best Practices: Minimizing Heartworm Transmission in Relocated Dogs uestions from members, prac- published in the 1998 AHS Symposium 1 titioners, technicians, and the Proceedings. Dr. Roncalli wrote, “The Page 21 Qgeneral public are often submit- first trial to assess the efficacy of a Welcome Our New AHS ted to the American Heartworm Society microfilaricide (natrium antimonyl tar- Student Liaisons (AHS) via our website. Two of our AHS trate) was conducted some 70 years Board members, Dr. John W.McCall and ago (1927) in Japan by S. Itagaki and R. Page 25 Dr. Tom Nelson, provided the resources Makino.2 Fuadin (stibophen), a trivalent In the News: Surgeons to answer this question: In What Year antimony compound, was tested, intra- Remove a Heartworm from Was Heartworm First Treated? venously, as a microfilaricide by Popescu the Femoral Artery of a Cat The first efforts to treat canine heart- in 1933 in Romania and by W.H. Wright worm disease date back to the 1920s. Dr. and P.C. Underwood in 1934 in the USA. Page 26 Nelson referenced a review article by Dr. In 1949, I.C. Mark evaluated its use Quarterly Update Raffaele Roncalli, “Tracing the History of intraperitoneally.” What’s New From AHS? Heartworms: A 400 Year Perspective,” Continues on page 7 American Heartworm Society / PO Box 8266, Wilmington, DE 19803-8266 Become an American Heartworm Society www.heartwormsociety.org / [email protected] fan on Facebook! Follow us on Twitter! OUR GENEROUS SPONSORS PLATINUM LEVEL PO Box 8266 Wilmington, DE 19803-8266 [email protected] www.heartwormsociety.org Mission Statement The mission of the American Heartworm Society is to lead the vet- erinary profession and the public in the understanding of heartworm disease. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2008/0108115 A1 Bringi Et Al
US 2008O108115A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2008/0108115 A1 Bringi et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 8, 2008 (54) ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF TAXOL AND application No. 08/370,494, filed on Jan. 9, 1995, now TAXANES BY CELL CULTURES OF TAXUS abandoned, which is a division of application No. SPECIES 07/874,344, filed on Apr. 24, 1992, now Pat. No. 5,407, 816, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. (75) Inventors: Venkataraman Bringi, Ithaca, NY 07/839,144, filed on Feb. 20, 1992, now abandoned. (US); Prakash Kadkade, Marlboro, MA (US); Christopher Prince, Lansing, NY Publication Classification (US); Braden Roach, Interlaken, NY (US) (51) Int. Cl. CI2P 17/02 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 435/123 HUNTON & WILLIAMS LLP INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DEPARTMENT (57) ABSTRACT 1900 KSTREET, N.W. This invention provides methods whereby taxol, baccatin III, SUTE 12OO and other taxol-like compounds, or taxanes, can be produced WASHINGTON, DC 20006-1109 (US) in very high yield from all known Taxus species, e.g., brevi folia, Canadensis, cuspidata, baccata, globosa, floridana, (73) Assignee: DFB BIOTECH, INCORPORATED, wallichiana, media and chinensis. Particular modifications of Fort Worth, TX culture conditions (i.e., media composition and operating modes) have been discovered to enhance the yield of various (21) Appl. No.: 11/836,604 taxanes from cell culture of all species of Taxus. Particularly (22) Filed: Aug. 9, 2007 preferred enhancement agents include silver ion or complex, jasmonic acid (especially the methyl ester), auxin-related Related U.S. Application Data growth regulators, and inhibitors of the phenylpropanoid pathway, Such as 3.4-methylenedioxy-6-nitrocinnamic acid. -
Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% W/V Corticosteroid Anti-Inflammatory
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrFML® Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% w/v Corticosteroid Anti-Inflammatory Allergan Inc. Date of Preparation: Markham, ON October 30, 1972 L6G 0B5 Date of Revision: May 2, 2018 Submission Control No: 214474 Page 1 of 12 NAME OF DRUG Pr ® FML Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% w/v THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Topical corticosteroid ACTIONS Corticosteroids inhibit the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents of a mechanical, chemical and immunological nature. They inhibit edema, fibrin deposition, capillary dilation, leukocyte migration, phagocytic activity, capillary proliferation, fibroblast proliferation, deposition of collagen and scar formation associated with inflammation. Corticosteroids are thought to act by controlling the rate of synthesis of proteins. Corticosteroids and their derivatives are capable of producing a rise in intraocular pressure. INDICATIONS FML® (fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension 0.1% w/v) is indicated for the treatment of steroid- responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe. CONTRAINDICATIONS FML® is contraindicated in: Superficial (or epithelial) herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva. Fungal diseases of ocular structures. Mycobacterial infections of the eye (e.g., Tuberculosis of the eye). Acute untreated infections of the eye. Hypersensitivity to the constituents of this medication (for a listing of ingredients, see PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION), or hypersensitivity to other corticosteroids. Page 2 of 12 WARNINGS Use of topical corticosteroids may cause increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in certain individuals. It is necessary that the IOP be checked frequently in patients with a history of glaucoma. Use of corticosteroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral eye infections (including herpes simplex). -
Pericardial, Retroperitoneal, and Pleural Fibrosis Induced by Pergolide
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.66.1.79 on 1 January 1999. Downloaded from J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66:79–81 79 SHORT REPORT Pericardial, retroperitoneal, and pleural fibrosis induced by pergolide S Shaunak, A Wilkins, J B Pilling, D J Dick Abstract 1992, the emergence of motor fluctuations led Three patients with Parkinson’s disease to the introduction of pergolide, and the dose are described who developed pericardial, of this was gradually increased to a maximum retroperitoneal, and pleural fibrosis asso- of 1mg/day. 1n 1994, 2 years after the ciated with pergolide treatment. Surgical introduction of pergolide, the patient devel- intervention was required in all three oped left flank pain with weight loss, and was cases, either to reach a tissue diagnosis or found to have a mild anaemia (haemoglobin for potentially life threatening complica- 10.4 g/dl), with indices suggesting iron defi- tions. Symptoms emerged on average 2 ciency, and an ESR of 40 mm/h. Upper gastro- years after the institution of treatment, intestinal endoscopy and barium enema gave and were suYciently non-specific to cause negative results. Seven months later right sided significant delays in diagnosis in all cases. chest pain and a non-productive cough devel- The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) oped; investigations confirmed persistent anae- was raised in the two patients in whom it mia, an ESR of 55 mm/h, and bilateral pleural was measured. Serosal fibrosis is a rarely thickening on chest radiography and CT. Lung reported adverse eVect of pergolide treat- function tests showed a reduction in total lung ment, although it is well described with capacity of 36% with no fall in transfer factor, other dopamine agonists. -
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System Abacavir 48:24 - Mucolytic Agents - 382638 8:18.08.20 - HIV Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Acitretin 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Abaloparatide 68:24.08 - Parathyroid Agents - 317036 Aclidinium Abatacept 12:08.08 - Antimuscarinics/Antispasmodics - 313022 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - Acrivastine 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 306003 4:08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 Abciximab 48:04.08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 20:12.18 - Platelet-aggregation Inhibitors - 395014 Acyclovir Abemaciclib 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 381045 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317058 84:04.06 - Antivirals - 381036 Abiraterone Adalimumab; -adaz 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 311027 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - AbobotulinumtoxinA 56:92 - GI Drugs, Miscellaneous - 302046 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 302046 92:92 - Other Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents - 12:20.92 - Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Miscellaneous - Adapalene 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Acalabrutinib 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317059 Adefovir Acamprosate 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 302036 28:92 - Central Nervous System Agents, Adenosine 24:04.04.24 - Class IV Antiarrhythmics - 304010 Acarbose Adenovirus Vaccine Live Oral 68:20.02 - alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors - 396015 80:12 - Vaccines - 315016 Acebutolol Ado-Trastuzumab 24:24 - beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents - 387003 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 313041 12:16.08.08 - Selective -
Penetration of Synthetic Corticosteroids Into Human Aqueous Humour
Eye (1990) 4, 526--530 Penetration of Synthetic Corticosteroids into Human Aqueous Humour C. N. 1. McGHEE,1.3 D. G. WATSON, 3 1. M. MIDGLEY, 3 M. 1. NOBLE, 2 G. N. DUTTON, z A. I. FERNl Glasgow Summary The penetration of prednisolone acetate (1%) and fluorometholone alcohol (0.1%) into human aqueous humour following topical application was determined using the very sensitive and specific technique of Gas Chromatography with Mass Spec trometry (GCMS). Prednisolone acetate afforded peak mean concentrations of 669.9 ng/ml within two hours and levels of 28.6 ng/ml in aqueous humour were detected almost 24 hours post application. The peak aqueous humour level of flu orometholone was S.lng/ml. The results are compared and contrasted with the absorption of dexamethasone alcohol (0.1%), betamethasone sodium phosphate (0.1 %) and prednisolone sodium phosphate (0.5%) into human aqueous humour. Topical corticosteroid preparations have been prednisolone acetate (1.0%) and fluorometh used widely in ophthalmology since the early alone alcohol (0.1 %) (preliminary results) 1960s and over the last 10 years the choice of into the aqueous humour of patients under preparations has become larger and more going elective cataract surgery. varied. Unfortunately, data on the intraocular penetration of these steroids in humans has SUbjects and Methods not paralleled the expansion in the number of Patients who were scheduled to undergo rou available preparations; indeed until recently, tine cataract surgery were recruited to the estimation of intraocular penetration has study and informed consent was obtained in been reliant upon extrapolation of data from all cases (n=88), Patients with corneal disease animal models (see Watson et ai., 1988, for or inflammatory ocular conditions which bibliography). -
Anthelmintic Pyrvinium Pamoate Blocks Wnt/Β-Catenin and Induces Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells
ONCOLOGY LETTERS 15: 5871-5878, 2018 Anthelmintic pyrvinium pamoate blocks Wnt/β-catenin and induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells FANG XU1, YINGJIE ZHU1, YUHONG LU2, ZHI YU2, JUN ZHONG2, YANGQIU LI2 and JINGXUAN PAN1 1Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy; 2Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China Received December 28, 2016; Accepted December 21, 2017 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8006 Abstract. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of the microenvironment components, such as bone marrow bone marrow. The median survival time of patients with stromal cells (4-6). MM is only 5 years, with patients frequently experiencing Although the introduction of thalidomide, lenalidomide relapse. Currently, there is no effective therapy for recurrent and bortezomib into the clinic has markedly improved MM. The results of the present study indicated that pyrvinium the response rates and survival in patients with MM (7), pamoate (PP), a US Food and Drug Administration-approved the disease remains largely incurable owing to relapse and oral anthelmintic drug, exhibited potent antitumor activity in drug resistance (8,9). Identifying novel agents to overcome MM cells in vitro. It is demonstrated that PP inhibited MM the adverse effects of current therapies remains an important cell proliferation and mediated apoptosis. Notably, PP mark- task in the clinic. edly promoted the degradation of β-catenin and abrogated The abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway its phosphorylation. PP triggered apoptosis in MM cells by in multiple types of cancer, including lymphomas and MM, inducing the release of cytochrome c and downregulating the makes it an attractive therapeutic target (10,11). -
Evidence from Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction Jessica S
Fortin et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2020) 16:356 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02565-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Restoring pars intermedia dopamine concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase expression levels with pergolide: evidence from horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction Jessica S. Fortin1*, Matthew J. Benskey2, Keith J. Lookingland2, Jon S. Patterson1, Erin B. Howey1, John L. Goudreau2,3 and Harold C. Schott II4* Abstract Background: Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) develops slowly in aged horses as degeneration of hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons leads to proliferation of pars intermedia (PI) melanotropes through hyperplasia and adenoma formation. Dopamine (DA) concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity are markedly reduced in PI tissue of PPID-affected equids and treatment with the DA receptor agonist pergolide results in notable clinical improvement. Thus, we hypothesized that pergolide treatment of PPID-affected horses would result in greater DA and TH levels in PI tissue collected from PPID-affected horses versus untreated PPID-affected horses. To test this hypothesis, pituitary glands were removed from 18 horses: four untreated PPID-affected horses, four aged and four young horses without signs of PPID, and six PPID-affected horses that had been treated with pergolide at 2 µg/kg orally once daily for 6 months. DA concentrations and TH expression levels in PI tissues were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and Western blot analyses, respectively. Results: DA and TH levels were lowest in PI collected from untreated PPID-affected horses while levels in the pergolide treated horses were similar to those of aged horses without signs of PPID. -
Contraception and Misconceptions
CONTRACEPTION AND MISCONCEPTIONS CONTRACEPTION IN WOMEN WITH MENTAL ILLNESS OVERVIEW Hormones and mood How mental illness impacts on contraceptive choice Ideal contraception Pro and cons of contraceptive methods in women with mental illness Hormonal contraception and mood ESTROGENS anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects of estradiol modulation of the limbic processing memory of emotionally-relevant information. estradiol “beneficially” modulates pathways implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, including serotonin and norepinephrine pathways PROGESTROGENS Previously thought to be anxiogenic, depressogenic Breakdown products Depression – alpha hydroxy progestrogen breakdown products pro – inflammatory, anxiogenic HORMONES AND MOODS – COMPLEX INTERPLAY MENTAL ILLNESS AND CONTRACEPTIVE CHOICE Effect of mental illness on contraceptive choice Effect of contraceptive choice on mental illness Drug interactions EFFECT MENTAL ILLNESS ON CONTRACEPTIVE CHOICE Impulsive Poor planning Cognitive and problem judgement Poor adherence IMPULSIVITY COGNITION POOR JUDGEMENT LETS NOT FORGET SUBSTANCES…… TYPES OF CONTRACEPTION No method Non hormonal Condom/Femidom Diaphragm Non hormone containing IUCD (Copper T) Hormonal COC POP Mirena Evra Patch Nuva Ring Implant ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES POP – avoid Same time every day COC Pros Effective Reduction PMS – monophasic estrogen dominant pill eg Femodene, Yaz, Nordette Cons Drug interactions Pill burden Daily dose EVRA PATCH Weekly patch Transdermal system: 150 mcg/day