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Cornerstone Biblical Commentary Vol 7: Psalms & Proverbs

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Cornerstone Biblical Commentary Vol 7: Psalms & Proverbs CORNERSTONE BIBLICAL COMMENTARY The Book of Psalms Mark D. Futato The Book of Proverbs George M. Schwab GENERAL EDITOR Philip W. Comfort featuring the text of the NEW LIVING TRANSLATION TYNDALE HOUSE PUBLISHERS, INC. CAROL STREAM, ILLINOIS Vol7-fm.indd iii 3/4/2009 2:07:27 PM Cornerstone Biblical Commentary, Volume 7 Visit Tyndale’s exciting Web site at www.tyndale.com Psalms copyright © 2009 by Mark D. Futato. All rights reserved. Proverbs copyright © 2009 by George M. Schwab. All rights reserved. Designed by Luke Daab and Timothy R. Botts. Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2007 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved. TYNDALE, New Living Translation, NLT, Tyndale’s quill logo, and the New Living Translation logo are registered trademarks of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cornerstone biblical commentary. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8423-3433-4 (hc : alk. paper) 1. Bible—Commentaries. I. Futato, Mark D. II. Schwab, George M. BS491.3.C67 2006 220.7´7—dc22 2005026928 Printed in the United States of America 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Vol7-fm.indd iv 3/4/2009 2:07:27 PM CONTENTS Contributors to Volume 7 vi General Editor’s Preface vii Abbreviations ix Transliteration and Numbering System xiii The Book of Psalms 1 The Book of Proverbs 451 Vol7-fm.indd v 3/4/2009 2:07:27 PM CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 7 Psalms: Mark D. Futato BA, Geneva College; MDiv, Westminster Theological Seminary; MA, The Catholic University of America; PhD, The Catholic University of America; Robert L. Maclellan Professor of Old Testament, Reformed Theological Seminary Proverbs: George M. Schwab BS, Drexel University; MDiv, Westminster Theological Seminary; PhD, Westminster Theological Seminary; Professor of Old Testament, Erskine Theological Seminary Vol7-fm.indd vi 3/4/2009 2:07:27 PM GENERAL EDITOR’S PREFACE The Cornerstone Biblical Commentary is based on the second edition of the New Living Translation (2007). Nearly 100 scholars from various church back- grounds and from several countries (United States, Canada, England, and Australia) participated in the creation of the NLT. Many of these same scholars are contributors to this commentary series. All the commentators, whether participants in the NLT or not, believe that the Bible is God’s inspired word and have a desire to make God’s word clear and accessible to his people. This Bible commentary is the natural extension of our vision for the New Living Translation, which we believe is both exegetically accurate and idiom- atically powerful. The NLT attempts to communicate God’s inspired word in a lucid English translation of the original languages so that English readers can under stand and appreciate the thought of the original writers. In the same way, the Cornerstone Biblical Commentary aims at helping teachers, pastors, students, and laypeople under stand every thought contained in the Bible. As such, the commentary focuses first on the words of Scripture, then on the theological truths of Scripture—inasmuch as the words express the truths. The commentary itself has been structured in such a way as to help readers get at the meaning of Scripture, passage by passage, through the entire Bible. Each Bible book is prefaced by a substantial book introduction that gives general historical background important for under standing. Then the reader is taken through the Bible text, passage by passage, starting with the New Living Transla- tion text printed in full. This is followed by a section called “Notes,” wherein the commentator helps the reader under stand the Hebrew or Greek behind the English of the NLT, interacts with other scholars on important interpretive issues, and points the reader to significant textual and contextual matters. The “Notes” are followed by the “Commentary,” wherein each scholar presents a lucid interpretation of the passage, giving special attention to context and major theological themes. The commentators represent a wide spectrum of theological positions within the evangelical community. We believe this is good because it reflects the rich variety in Christ’s church. All the commentators uphold the authority of God’s word and believe it is essential to heed the old adage: “Wholly apply yourself to the Scriptures and apply them wholly to you.” May this commentary help you know the truths of Scripture, and may this knowledge help you “grow in your knowledge of God and Jesus our Lord” (2 Pet 1:2, NLT). PHILIP W. COMFORT GENERAL EDITOR Vol7-fm.indd vii 3/4/2009 2:07:27 PM ABBREVIATIONS GENERAL ABBREVIATIONS b. Bab ylo nian Heb. Hebrew NT New Testament Gemara ibid. ibidem, in the same OL Old Latin bar. baraita place OS Old Syriac c. circa, around, i.e. id est, the same OT Old Testament approximately in loc. in loco, in the place p., pp. page, pages cf. confer, compare cited pl. plural ch, chs chapter, chapters lit. literally Q Quelle (“Sayings” contra in contrast to LXX Septuagint as Gospel source) DSS Dead Sea Scrolls M Majority Text rev. revision ed. edition, editor m. Mishnah sg. singular e.g. exempli gratia, for masc. masculine t. Tosefta example mg margin TR Textus Receptus et al. et alli, and others ms manuscript v., vv. verse, verses fem. feminine mss manuscripts vid. videtur, it seems ff following (verses, MT Masoretic Text viz. videlicet, namely pages) n.d. no date vol. volume fl. flourished neut. neuter y. Jerusalem Gemara Gr. Greek no. number ABBREVIATIONS FOR BIBLE TRANSLATIONS ASV American Standard NCV New Century NKJV New King James Version Version Version CEV Contemporary NEB New English Bible NRSV New Revised English Version NET The NET Bible Standard Version ESV English Standard NIV New International NLT New Living Version Version Translation GW God’s Word NIrV New International REB Revised English HCSB Holman Christian Reader’s Version Bible Standard Bible NJB New Jerusalem RSV Revised Standard JB Jerusalem Bible Bible Version KJV King James Version NJPS The New Jewish TEV Today’s English NAB New American Bible Publication Society Version NASB New American Translation TLB The Living Bible Standard Bible (Tanakh) ABBREVIATIONS FOR DICTIONARIES, LEXICONS, COLLECTIONS OF TEXTS, ORIGINAL LANGUAGE EDITIONS ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary BAGD Greek-English Lexicon of BDB A Hebrew and English (6 vols., Freedman) [1992] the New Testament and Other Lexicon of the Old Testament ANEP The Ancient Near Early Christian Literature, (Brown, Driver, Briggs) East in Pictures (Pritchard) 2nd ed. (Bauer, Arndt, [1907] [1965] Gingrich, Danker) [1979] BDF A Greek Grammar of the ANET Ancient Near Eastern BDAG Greek-English Lexicon of New Testament and Other Texts Relating to the Old the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature Testament (Pritchard) Early Christian Literature, 3rd (Blass, Debrunner, Funk) [1969] ed. (Bauer, Danker, Arndt, [1961] Gingrich) [2000] Vol7-fm.indd ix 3/4/2009 2:07:28 PM ABBREVIATIONS x BHS Biblia Hebraica Testament (L. Koehler, W. Theology (4 vols., C. Brown) Stuttgartensia (Elliger and Baumgartner, J. Stamm; [1975–1985] Rudolph) [1983] trans. M. Richardson) NIDOTTE New International CAD Assyrian Dictionary of [1994–1999] Dictionary of Old Testament the Oriental Institute of the IBD Illustrated Bible Dictionary Theology and Exegesis (5 University of Chicago [1956] (3 vols., Douglas, Wiseman) vols., W. A. VanGemeren) COS The Context of Scripture [1980] [1997] (3 vols., Hallo and Younger) IDB The Interpreter’s Dictionary PGM Papyri graecae [1997–2002] of the Bible (4 vols., Buttrick) magicae: Die griechischen DBI Dictionary of Biblical [1962] Zauberpapyri. (Preisendanz) Imagery (Ryken, Wilhoit, ISBE International Standard [1928] Longman) [1998] Bible Encyclopedia (4 vols., PG Patrologia Graecae (J. P. DBT Dictionary of Biblical Bromiley) [1979–1988] Migne) [1857–1886] Theology (2nd ed., KBL Lexicon in Veteris TBD Tyndale Bible Dictionary Leon-Dufour) [1972] Testamenti libros (Koehler, (Elwell, Comfort) [2001] DCH Dictionary of Classical Baumgartner) [1958] TDNT Theological Dictionary Hebrew (5 vols., D. Clines) LCL Loeb Classical Library of the New Testament [2000] L&N Greek-English Lexicon of (10 vols., Kittel, Friedrich; DLNTD Dictionary of the the New Testament: Based on trans. Bromiley) [1964– Later New Testament and Semantic Domains (Louw 1976] Its Development (R. Martin, and Nida) [1989] TDOT Theological Dictionary P. Davids) [1997] LSJ A Greek-English Lexicon of the Old Testament (8 vols., DJD Discoveries in the Judean (9th ed., Liddell, Scott, Botterweck, Ringgren; trans. Desert [1955–] Jones) [1996] Willis, Bromiley, Green) DJG Dictionary of Jesus MM The Vocabulary of the [1974–] and the Gospels (Green, Greek New Testament TLNT Theological Lexicon of the McKnight, Marshall) [1992] (Moulton and Milligan) New Testament (3 vols., C. DOTP Dictionary of the Old [1930; 1997] Spicq) [1994] Testament: Pentateuch NA26 Novum Testamentum TLOT Theological Lexicon of (T. Alexander, D.W. Baker) Graece (26th ed., Nestle- the Old Testament (3 vols., [2003] Aland) [1979] E. Jenni) [1997] DPL Dictionary of Paul and NA27 Novum Testamentum TWOT Theological Wordbook His Letters (Hawthorne, Graece (27th ed., Nestle- of the Old Testament (2 vols., Martin, Reid) [1993] Aland) [1993] Harris, Archer) [1980] DTIB Dictionary of Theological NBD New Bible Dictionary UBS3 United Bible Societies’
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