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Socio-Ecological Approach of the Recreational Squid Fishery

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Socio-Ecological Approach of the Recreational Squid Fishery Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Department of Ecology and Marine Resources Fish Ecology Group Socio-ecological approach of the recreational squid fishery Ph.D. Thesis A Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor in Biology University of the Balearic Island Miguel Cabanellas Reboredo Supervised by Dr. Miquel Palmer & Dra. Beatriz Morales Nin University Advisor: Dr. Gabriel Moy`aNiell Palma de Mallorca, April 2014 Socio-ecological approach of the recreational squid fishery is a PhD thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor in Biology by Miguel Cabanellas Reboredo Miguel Cabanellas Reboredo (PhD Candidate) I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor in Biology Dr. Miquel Palmer Vidal (Principal Advisor) I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor in Biology Dra. Beatriz Morales Nin (Co-Advisor) I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor in Biology Dr. Gabriel Moy`aNiell (University Advisor) Approved for the University Committee on graduate studies Por el tiempo que no hemos podido estar juntos. A vosotras Mar & Mayte Acknowledgements It is more important to highlight that although my name is printed on the cover of this PhD Thesis, many people have been involved in the development of this study. For that reason, and as grateful to all of them, I have written the Chapters in plural form. Es m´asque probable que en las siguientes l´ıneasolvide a personas que han estado vinculadas, directa o indirectamente, con la realizaci´ony desarrollo de esta tesis. Tanto es as´ı,que de antemano, pido perd´onsi me olvido de alguien. Per descomptat mai podr´eoblidar les persones de les que m'he sentit m´esrecolzat per dur a bon port aquet treball. Gr`aciesBeatriz i Miquel (IMEDEA). Per mi ha estat un aut`entic plaer treballar plegats, esper que per a vosaltres tamb´e.L'´unicque he rebut de vosaltres han estat `animsi bons consells. La vostra supervisi´om'ha enriquit tant a nivell cient´ıficcom hum`a.Miquel, et volia demanar perd´operqu`equan l'estad´ıstica i jo no ´eremmolt amics vaig dir que no tenia tanta import`anciaper la ci`encia. Amb fets, paci`enciai dedicaci´om'has fer canviar totalment d’opini´o,gr`acies. Beatriz, tu m'has obert moltes portes i m'has recolzat, al igual que tu Miquel, a desenvolupar les meves inquietuds cient´ıfiquessempre des de la coher`encia.Tot aix`ono nom´esfa que vos contempli com a magn´ıficsinvestigadors, sin´oque tamb´evos consideri amics. Gr`acies i esper que en un futur puguem treballar plegats y compartir moments tan especials com els viscuts aquest anys. Ojala vivi´eramosde la ilusi´on,porque os aseguro que de eso no me falta. Pero esta Tesis no habr´ıapodido desarrollarse sin el respaldo econ´omicode una Beca pre- Doctoral para la formaci´onde personal investigador (FPI convocatoria 2008) que me concedi´ola Conselleria d’Educaci´o,Cultura i Universitats (Govern de les Illes Balears) y el Fondo Social Europeo (ESF). Per la seva vinculaci´oamb aquesta Conselleria, es aqu´ıon aprofito per donar-te les gr`aciesB´arbara(UIB). Gr`aciespels teus `anims durant la meva \lluita bec´aria"quan la il lusi´opareixia esgotar-se. A tu tamb´ePere, gr`aciesper la teva comprensi´o,dedicaci´oi incansable labor solucionant-me tots els dubtes burocr`atics que solen ser un obstacle per al transcurs de la nostra feina. A su i vez, esta Tesis se enmarc´odentro del proyecto ROQUER (ref: CTM2005-00283) y del proyecto CONFLICT (CGL2008-958), ambos otorgados a IMEDEA por el Ministerio de Econom´ıay Competitividad del Gobierno Espa~nol.La recta final de esta Tesis se enmarc´oen el proyecto CEFAPARQUES (458/2011). Un proyecto concedido al IIM e IMEDEA por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino del Gobierno Espa~nol. A todo el personal de IMEDEA, desde la gerencia a los t´ecnicosde mantenimiento, muchas gracias por vuestra ayuda. Gracias a vosotros he tenido una atm´osferade tra- bajo excepcional. En especial, quer´ıaresaltar el apoyo y ayuda del Grupo de Ictiolog´ıa. s´ılvia, Itzi, Ignaci, David, Fede, Eugeni y Carlos, gracias. Pep, tu ets especial. No nom´esme vares estirar per enrolar-me al laboratori de Biologia Marina (UIB) quan encara no havia acabat la carrera, sin´oque m'has servit d'exemple en aquest dif´ıcil m´onde la investigaci´o.Mai oblidar´eaquelles emocionants pesques experimentals per marcar infinitat d'esp`ecies. Ets \grande", moltes gr`aciesamic. Y, aunque no seas del grupo, quiero dedicarte unas l´ıneasIris. T´ume has ayudado en momentos clave, cuando me planteaba en dejar pasar el tren de la ciencia. Tu apoyo y ´animosme han dado fuerzas para seguir adelante. Gracias. Encara que no has estat directament vinculada al desenvolupament d'aquesta Tesi, tu vares ser la que me vares obrir les portes al fascinant m´onde la ci`encia. La teva dedicaci´o,consells i suport me varen donar la possibilitat d'arribar fins aqu´ı. Moltes gr´aciesSalud (IEO). Toni, Mar´ıa,Natalia i Aina (IEO). Col labor`aramb vosaltres ha estat un aut`entic plaer. Les matinades que me pegava eren molt m´es amenes amb la vostra pres`encia.Esper que en breu la col laboraci´oes vegi recompensada amb forma d'articles. Moltes gr`aciesper tot. A vosaltres Biel y Guillem Mateu (UIB). Biel, gr`aciesper la teva paci`encia,consells i per ser el Ponent de la Universitat d'aquesta Tesi. Guillem, mai tens un no per resposta, sempre est`asquan et necessiten i crec que aix`oet fa millor persona, gr`acies amic. Guillem X. Pons (UIB), gr`aciespels teus constants `animsi paci`encia.T'han de tenir molta estima per acceptar-te resums enviats a darrera hora per les Jornades de Medi Ambient. I Bernat Morey, gr`aciesperqu`eets un clar exemple de superaci´o.Sense dedicar temps complet, amb dos fills i sense recolzament econ`omic,despr´esde m´esde 10 anys est`asa les acaballes de la teva Tesi. Anims` amic. Muchas gracias a toda la gente de la Direcci´oGeneral de Pesca (Govern Balear). Toni, Alejandro, Amalia, Elena, Mª del Mar, Juanita, Imma, Elvira y Marga, gracias por vuestra ayuda y apoyo en alg´unmomento del transcurso de esta Tesis. Pedro e Irene de la Reserva Marina de Palma, muchas gracias por vuestro apoyo. Roman y ii Chris (Palma Aquarium), gracias por vuestra amabilidad, consejos y apoyo durante mis experimentaciones en cautividad. A todo el equipo del Grupo de Ecolog´ıay Biodiversidad Marina del IIM. Angel´ F., Marcelo y Alvaro,´ gracias por vuestra hospitalidad y consejos durante mi estancia en Vigo. No s´olome llev´emultitud de sabios consejos que he aplicado en mi Tesis, sino que conoc´ıexcepcionales personas como vosotros. Aqu´ıtambi´enest´ais vosotros, Jorge y Garci. Sois excepcionales y estoy orgulloso de poder decir que soy amigo vuestro. Siempre quedar´angrabadas en nuestra memoria esas incre´ıblesinmersiones en Cabrera y CIES. Muchas gracias por todo. No me olvido de ti Alex.´ Muchas gracias por tus ´animosamigo. Y tu David, mereces un apartado especial. No s´olocompartimos inicios en el mundo de la telemetr´ıaac´ustica,sino que de esa experiencia surgi´ouna amistad imborrable. Gracias por el simple hecho de ser mi amigo. Y finalmente, nunca podr´epagar lo que has hecho por mi Angel.´ Para mi eres el m´asgrande y no s´olopor tu excelente carrera investigadora, sino sobre todo por la calidad humana que atesoras. Has sido como un tercer director de Tesis, puesto que tus consejos han sido contemplados y considerados en esta Tesis. Siempre te estar´eagradecido por todo lo que has hecho por mi, muchas gracias Profesor. I would like to thank the support and hospitality of all OTN staff during my research in Canada (Dalhousie University; Halifax), mainly Ellen, Steph and Fred. Aaron, thank you for that wonderful fishing day. John (POST) and Dale (VEMCO), thank for your technical support in my acoustic tracking experiment. But especially, thank you Ron (OTN), for your advice and help. It was a pleasure to work with you. I think you are a magnificent researcher, but you are a better person. A Jaime y Armando (OPMALLORCAMAR) por permitirme ser uno m´asen la lonja. Antonio y Javi, gracias por facilitarme y amenizarme esas madrugadas de muestreo. No puedo olvidar la ayuda y colaboraci´onrecibida por parte de multitud de pescadores, tanto profesionales como recreativos. Antonio (Hermanos L´opez II), gracias por trasmitirme tus conocimientos. No borrar´ede mi memoria aquella madru- gada pescando calamares con farol, fue incre´ıble.Pep Pomares, molt´ıssimesgr`aciesper ensenyar-me els secrets de la pesca del calamar. He apr`esmoltes coses de tu amic, i no nom´esrelacionades amb la pesca. Recordar´esempre amb un somriure les reeixides confer`enciesy pesques que varem fer plegats. Esper que no siguin les darreres. A todos mis amigos y familiares que han soportado alguna de mis charlas y, a pesar de ser un tostonazo, me han hecho sentir un gran orador. Paco, esas preguntas pactadas eran geniales para romper el hielo, gracias. Jose, Rafa, Pepet, Manolo, gracias por acompa~narmedurante los censos visuales y pescas experimentales. A pesar del mal iii tiempo o del m´asque probable rosco, os embarcasteis conmigo por el mero hecho de ayudarme, muchas gracias.
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