Water Resources and Use in Johnson County
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¸ # ¸ # ¸ # ¸ ¸ # ¸ # # S" S" ¸ # ¸ # ¸ # I y n -7 b o ¨¦§4 l i r e a h ¸ # M S Marion Marion Johnson Morgan ¸ ¸ # # ¸ ¸ # # ¸ ¸ # Greenwood # S" ¸ # ¸ # S" ¸ # ¸ # r New ive White R Whiteland ¸ ¸ # # S" ¸ # Whiteland ¸ # S" n y o b s l n e h h o S J Bargersville ¸ # ¸ # S" n n o a ¨¦§ s I g - n r 6 h 5 o o M J Franklin S" ¸ Trafalgar # S" ¸ # ¸ # r ¸ e # iv ¸ # R e u l ¸ Big B # ¸ # Morgantown S" Princes Edinburgh Lakes S" S" D Shelby n Johnso r Bartholomew R if tholomew iv t Johnson Bar e w Morgan Brown r o Brown o d Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community Withdrawal Location River Major Lakes ¸ WELL INTAK# E 7Q2 Flow (MGD) Interstate ¸ Water Resources # Energy/Mining <10 MGD County ¸ # Industry Irrigation 10 - 50 MGD S" City ¸ and Use in # 50 - 100 MGD ¸ # Misc. Miles 100 - 500 MGD ¸ Johnson County # Public Supply N 0 1 2 S" Data Sources: U.S. Geological Survey and Indiana Department of Natural Resources Rural Use > 500 MGD Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr., Governor Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Kyle J. Hupfer, Director Aquifer Systems Map 18-B R. 4 E. R. 5 E. The occurrence of bedrock aquifers depends on the original composition of the rocks and R. 3 E. R. 4 E. subsequent changes which influence the hydraulic properties. Post-depositional E d 0 R. 2 E. R. 3 E. R 0 processes, such as jointing, fracturing, and solution activity, generally increase the s 3 b d d 27 hydraulic conductivity (permeability) of the upper portion of bedrock aquifer systems. m 28 a R o 29 o 30 f 25 26C Because permeability is generally greatest near the bedrock surface, bedrock units within f R L F 27 lu 28 e la y a t 29 t B B 30 Pl th the upper 100 feet are commonly the most productive aquifers. 25 eas n e 26 a r 27 nt u r 28 C a 30 29 ree o R k u n C n C c Bedrock aquifer systems in the county are overlain by unconsolidated deposits of varying r h d e d R e thickness. Most of the bedrock aquifers in the county are under confined conditions. In Le R at k s he rwo n o w d other words, the potentiometric surface (water level) in most wells completed in bedrock Greenwood i Creek l e k h County Road 950 N t 34 n 33 rises above the top of the water-bearing zone. a a 31 32 36 r M ney 35 F o C 34 d H re 33 ek 32 R 31 The yield of a bedrock aquifer depends on its hydraulic characteristics and the nature of 34 35 36 33 m 32 a T. 14 N. the overlying deposits. Shale and glacial till act as aquitards, restricting recharge to 31 h a Rocklane r T. 13 N. underlying bedrock aquifers. However, fracturing and/or jointing may occur in aquitards, er G which can increase recharge to the underlying aquifers. Hydraulic properties of the White R iv Smith Valley Rd T. 14 N. 3 bedrock aquifers are highly variable. 65 Allen Rd d 375 E 5 4 ¦¨§ 6 Rocklane Rd T. 13 N. 2 1 d 4 3 The susceptibility of bedrock aquifer systems to surface contamination is largely R Curry Rd 6 5 nty Roa k dependent on the type and thickness of the overlying sediments. Because bedrock aquifer c 3 2 1 5 o 4 d T E Cou 6 County Road 325 E systems may have complex fracturing systems, once a contaminant has been introduced d u r 0 a ke y 0 37 P P into a bedrock aquifer system it will be difficult to track and remediate. 6 e E n Cre N e 00 d ad 8 0 k County Ro d a SR 5 R o 2 10 C t 9 t uts 8 R d in g d Three bedrock aquifer systems are identified for Johnson County. They are, from west to i er d Rd 7 r a y R R e t 11o 12 k v n east and youngest to oldest: the Borden Group of Mississippian age; the New Albany x 10 R C e u ff i lu r A 9 B e e o y e n r 8 k t i Demaree Rd 7 Shale of Devonian and Mississippian age; and Silurian and Devonian Carbonates. l C n l C 12 00 N h u Road 7 rt u 11 County o 10 y N 9 o e M C 8 C 7 n o o H E u H 5 o n 7 n t Mississippian -- Borden Group Aquifer System y d 5 e Crossing R Stones R T y d r a a C o o 15 v 17 16 a i d s r R 18 C e re 6 ek y e 13 t 14 7 k 15 n 0 In Johnson County, the Mississippian age Borden Group Aquifer System is present in 16 u k L 17 E 18 e o i most of the western half of the county. This bedrock aquifer system is composed mostly 13 e C 14 t 15 r t 17 16 C l 18 e of siltstone and shale, but fine-grained sandstones are also common. Although d k Travis R y S e s carbonates are rare, discontinuous interbedded limestone lenses are present, mostly in the u e s County Road 575 N g r a ounty Road 600 N r a upper portion of the group. C C r G y ad 550 N New t C County Ro s s s 21 a 20 r a E 19 e 22 The Borden Group in Johnson County is up to 600 feet thick and generally thins as it dips Bluff d Whiteland r e d 24 R 23 k 22 to the southwest beneath younger rock formations. Depth to bedrock is typically 20 to 70 R G Creek n 21 19 20 k w w e feet. Well depths in the Borden Group Aquifer System range from 10 to 375 feet. o o 24 t 22 23 e R r 21 n k 31 However, wells are typically completed at depths of 55 to 125 feet and typically penetrate 20 a ut y e 19 B C g e e lu r k r f S o 10 feet or less of bedrock. o f E C R C r M k m ee 1 s 5 hiteland Rd E W 2 S 4 4 g Whiteland 5 n 5 2 The Borden Group is generally not very productive and it is typically used only where u d W 2 o a 27 5 28 W e o d Y 7 29 overlying deposits do not contain an aquifer. Many wells, however, are able to produce a n 30 R 0 W 26 d o 25 a 0 y a c sufficient water for domestic purposes by relying on extra well-bore storage by drilling t R 4 27 5 i o 29 28 n 2 r d R 30 u 7 ty r a larger diameter and deeper wells. Typical yield of most domestic wells is less than 10 25 o 26 n u S y o d t 27 u C a u 28 R n H o gpm with some dry holes reported. Yield may be greater in areas where thin outwash o 29 g 30 u y C R t o a n deposits overlie the bedrock. Static water levels are typically between 10 and 35 feet C y r u t C r k e o n o o ked Cre C below surface. u C o r C e e 33 34 k The Borden Group is composed primarily of fine-grained materials that limit the Banta C 36 31 32 reek 41-03182-IR 34 35 movement of ground water. In areas where overlying clay materials are present, the 32 33 36 31 Borden Group Aquifer System is at low risk to contamination from the surface or near 34 35 C! T. 13 N. 32 33 d County Road 300 N Urmeyville surface. However, in some areas the bedrock is overlain by outwash materials that may R 31 T. 12 N. e n be capped by thin deposits of silt, lacustrine silt, or colluvium. These areas are at a c i moderate to high risk to contamination. r Bargersville r u 3 H 4 T. 13 N. County Road 260 N 6 5 2 1 T. 12 N. 4 3 Devonian and Mississippian -- New Albany Shale 6 5 2 1 4 3 Road 200 N Aquifer System 6 5 County N E nty Road 225 Cou E 0 The New Albany Shale Aquifer System in Johnson County is an extremely limited 0 k 0 e 0 e 5 4 ground-water resource. The outcrop/subcrop area for the New Albany Shale in Johnson d Cr d 10 d a 9 n R a o rs o 8 County is present along an approximate northwest to southeast trending band. This o e e 7 d R n n 11 12 R e i 10 y H l aquifer system consists mostly of brownish-black carbon-rich shale, greenish-gray shale, t r 9 y 8 t n e 7 t n u and minor amounts of dolomite and dolomitic quartz sandstone.