Hancock County Trails Plan 7-18 Table of Contents

FINAL REPORT

November 5, 2018

PREPARED BY: BUTLER, FAIRMAN & SEUFERT, INC. & HEALTH BY DESIGN

7-16

LETTER OF INTRODUCTION

Butler Fairman & Seufert, Inc. (BF&S) and Health By Design (HbD) are pleased to present the Hancock County Trails Master Plan to the citizens and administrators of Hancock County, Indiana, and the municipalities of Cumberland, Fortville, Greenfield, McCordsville, New Palestine, Shirley, and Wilkinson. This report is the product of a collaborative effort by the Executive Committee, BF&S design professionals, HbD design professionals, the Steering Committee, local merchants and members of the Hancock County community. It is intended to serve as a guide for future alternative transportation and recreational development within Hancock County.

Each bicycle facility route, pedestrian improvement, program recommendation, and policy recommendation was thoroughly researched. Decisions were based on a process that consisted of a county-wide inventory and analysis process, design synthesis, public input, and development of design standards before ultimately reaching the master plan stage. The resulting recommendations are the best solutions to initiating a county-wide bicycle and pedestrian network. The plan is intended to be a “living document” and will serve as a long lasting foundation for future alternative transportation development

BF&S and HbD are very appreciative to have been able to assist Hancock County in this planning effort and we look forward to the implementation of these recommendations.

Respectfully submitted on the 28th day of August, 2018,

Butler, Fairman, & Seufert, Inc.

Alan L. Hamersly, P.E.

Jason G. Griffin, P.L.A.

Health By Design

Kim Irwin, MPH

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-18 TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. PROJECT BACKGROUND PAGE Background 7-24 Need for the Plan 7-25 Target Users 7-26 Goals and Objectives 7-27 Scope of the Plan 7-27 Project Time Frame 7-28 Design Process 7-28

B. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT Summary of Public Input 7-32 Summary of Public Survey 7-34

C. INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS Summary of Inventory 7-40 Optional Routes Map 7-41 Inventory Map 7-42 Bikeability Conditions 7-44 BLOS Maps 7-45 & 7-46 Walkability Conditions 7-48 PLOS Maps 7-49 & 7-50

D. FINAL PLAN Bicycle and Pedestrian Facility Master Plan 7-54 Master Plan Map 7-55 Comprehensive Plan Map 7-56 Total Distance of Bicycle & Pedestrian Facilities Summary 7-58 Preferred Location of Multi-Use Trails 7-58 Proposed Bikeability & Walkability 7-60 Proposed BLOS Maps 7-61 & 7-62 Proposed PLOS Maps 7-63 & 7-64 Priority Routes 7-66 Priority Route Table 7-68 Priority Tier Criteria 7-70 Priority Route Map 7-72 Development Standards 7-74 Programs & Policies 7-99 Funding Sources 7-135

7-19 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPENDIX A Public Survey Results

APPENDIX B Private Destinations Map

APPENDIX C BLOS & PLOS Calculation Data

APPENDIX D Hancock County Population Density per Census Tract

APPENDIX E Hancock County 2012 Trails Plan Delta Map

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-20

PROJECT BACKGROUND

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PROJECT BACKGROUND

BACKGROUND

The City of Greenfield, Town of Cumberland, Town of New Palestine, Town of McCordsville, Town of Fortville, Town of Shirley, and Town of Wilkinson, in conjunction with Hancock County, decided to undertake the process of amending the Trails Plan located in the as amended 2005 Hancock County Comprehensive Plan in an effort to better connect their communities. This planning effort is the result of a series of community conversations on “Placemaking” held over the course of 3 years by the Hancock County Community Foundation. Each community listed above was actively involved in these brainstorming sessions and realized that there was a need to create a more comprehensive bike and pedestrian connection plan for the entire county.

To further emphasize the need for a plan, on July 20, 2016, Health by Design, an active living and healthy communities consultant, and the Indiana State Department of Health partnered with the City of Greenfield and Hancock Regional Hospital to present a day-long Active Living Workshop attended by more than 20 community leaders, staff and residents. One of the top active living priorities identified by the workshop was to create a more comprehensive pedestrian and bicycle master plan. It also focused on key policy changes that could be made to promote active living in the community.

In January of 2017 a $25,000 grant opportunity was announced by the Hancock County Community Foundation. Rather than compete for the grant, the communities chose to collaborate and apply together. Hancock Health came on board as the fiscal sponsor of the grant to further their goal of wanting to foster the healthiest county possible and then the County Planning Commission was asked to be the lead applicant. The grant was approved and awarded in June 2017 and a steering committee was formed to identify a consultant and secure additional funding.

This amendment of the plan will help improve non-motorized accessibility, promote safety for bicyclists and pedestrians, and make these communities a more enjoyable place to live and visit. The need for comprehensive alternative transportation has risen for several reasons. Personal economics, a movement to become a healthier society, increased safety for children (that cannot drive yet), adults that want the option of depending less on their car, and an increasing elderly population have all lead to this need.

For these reasons Hancock County and its communities are undertaking a plan to guide the development and design of bicycle and walking facilities within Hancock County.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-24 PROJECT BACKGROUND

NEED FOR THE PLAN

In the United States of America, 30% of the population currently does not drive a motor vehicle. This includes children, the elderly, those people that are physically unable to drive, those that are financially unable to afford the cost and maintenance of a vehicle, and an increasing population of those who chose to use alternative transportation for its economic, environmental, and health benefits. These three benefits coincidently are also the three main characteristics of a community that has a well developed walking and biking network and lead to a better quality of life for the citizens of that community.

Hancock Health has indicated a need to focus on making Hancock County the healthiest county possible. This is because there are some startling facts regarding the current status of health in Indiana and Hancock County. In the State of Indiana, 30% of adults fall into the obese category and 16% of teenagers are obese. Hancock County has the 6th highest rate of diabetes in Indiana and each person with diabetes spent an average of $9600 on health costs in 2017. Women in Hancock County have a higher rate of heart disease than the national average and both men and women in Hancock County have a higher rate of strokes than the national average. This alarming fact is partly attributed to increasingly sedentary lifestyles. In 1969 the percentage of school children walking to school was 48% and today that number is down to 13%. Adults have to keep up with the demands of their jobs and daily responsibilities and many times do not have time for physical activity.

The good news is that by providing more choices and convenient opportunities for walking and biking, we can combat these startling statistics. It is recommended that adults participate in moderate activity for 150 minutes a week. This translates to 30 minutes a day for 5 days a week. By providing biking and walking infrastructure that connects to people’s everyday destinations or that are convenient to them, they are allowed to more easily incorporate this activity into their daily routine. Studies have shown that an investment of $1 in biking and walking translates into $3 in direct medical savings. Kids who walk or ride to school arrive ready to learn and are more focused. Workers who use alternative modes of transportation are more productive.

Bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure can provide valuable economic benefits to a community. In the Midwest we must create our attractors for both businesses and residents in order to be competitive. A study done on the role of recreation, parks, and open space suggests that owners of small businesses rank these types of amenities as one of the most important factors when choosing a location for their business. The National Association of Home Builders lists trails as the most desired community amenity homeowners seek when buying a home. In Indianapolis it was determined that the value of homes increased within 1/2 mile of a greenway by an average of $4400 dollars. Similar studies done around the nation report similar increases in property values.

The construction of trails also creates jobs for local businesses. A national study of employment impacts for bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure completed in 2011 indicates that 9.6 jobs are created for every $1 million spent on construction of off-street multi-use trails. This is actually higher than for the same investment in construction of road-only projects. The study indicates road-only jobs create 7.8 jobs. Another benefit is that the jobs created for the construction of the multi-use trail tend to be more local than road-only projects. 7-25 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN PROJECT BACKGROUND

Bicycle and Pedestrian projects create positive environmental benefits for the community. By providing more alternative transportation choices, this reduces vehicular trips and reduces carbon emissions in the air. Additionally, bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure projects typically incorporate green infrastructure. Plantings from green infrastructure helps to reduce storm water runoff and breakdown pollutants from vehicles before they can get into our waterways.

This plan is intended to provide guidance to local government decision-makers in terms of future community development and infrastructure

BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN NETWORK TARGET USERS

The plan is intended to improve conditions for pedestrians and bicyclists who either wish to or need to make daily trips for goods and services within their community, and recreational users looking to maintain or improve their health. Users that fall into the category of needing to make trips by foot are the elderly who can no longer drive, schoolchildren, those people that are unable to afford or maintain a car and therefore need to find alternative means to make connections.

This plan is also for casual bike riders that may not be comfortable riding among automobile or truck traffic. These types of riders account for 60% of the bicycling population, and require improved infrastructure or residential streets with low traffic and speed limits to make connections within the community.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-26 PROJECT BACKGROUND

GOALS & OBJECTIVES

1. Increase the number of people that exercise daily by providing safe walking and biking experiences for citizens of all ages and levels of ability. 2. Increase the number of people walking and bicycling for everyday transportation purposes such as commuting to work, to school and running errands. 3. Enhance community connections to neighborhoods, parks, schools, library, businesses, retail and dining, and government facilities. 4. Increase the quality of life for the residents of Hancock County in an effort to retain current citizens and attract new citizens. 5. Provide guidance and priorities for implementing infrastructure to support walking and bicycling with a broad range of funding and support. 6. Provide program and policy recommendations that help support and increase walking and biking in the community. 7. Provide community awareness of motorists and cyclists sharing the road through appropriate roadway markings, signage, and public education. 8. Increase eco-tourism in Hancock County by attracting people that are looking for healthful recreational activities in the region. 9. Be ready for future funding opportunities when they present themselves. 10. Identify future Safe Routes to Schools opportunities. 11. Create connections between communities within Hancock County.

SCOPE OF THE PLAN

The plan studies all of Hancock County. The plan investigates both on-road facilities as well as separated corridors that can be improved to enhance the existing pedestrian and bike network. A master plan for infrastructure improvements has been developed. Priority corridors are identified. Development Standards and possible funding opportunities are included for all routes. Public input has been sought throughout the master plan.

Bicycle and walking programs and policies have been developed for the entire community to help support the infrastructure plan. The programs and policies concentrate on the areas of education, encouragement, enforcement, engineering, and evaluation.

7-27 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN PROJECT BACKGROUND

PROJECT TIME FRAME

INVENTORY 11.5 weeks

ANALYSIS Kickoff Meeting 8 weeks December 13, 2017 DRAFT 10 weeks

FINAL 8.5 weeks

Presentation to Plan Commission August 28, 2018

DESIGN PROCESS

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-28

PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

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PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT SUMMARY OF PUBLIC INPUT Public participation is an integral part of any planning process and was an important component of the Hancock County Trails Plan. Opportunities for community input included public open houses, an on-line survey, and stakeholder meetings. Feedback from the survey and meetings were incorporated into the final plan recommendations. Incorporating the thoughts, ideas, and concerns of community members helps to address high priority issues and builds ownership of the plan.

Public Open Houses

Four public open houses were held in locations throughout Hancock County; details for each are listed below. The number of people who signed in for the public meetings was 121; total attendance was likely higher, as some people did not sign in.

The open houses had two tables with an overview map of Hancock County and four maps that split the county into quadrants. These maps included current trails and corridors owned by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources. Participants were asked to identify desired destinations and routes, as well as concerns or barriers. A summary of desired routes and map comments can be found on page 7-41.

Attendees also had the opportunity to vote on the bike and pedestrian infrastructure they would most like to use. Two boards depicted different walking and biking facilities and participants used dot stickers to vote for one of each. The overall results are below.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-32 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

Walking • Sidewalk – 1 • Vegetated Buffer – 16 • Buffered Sidewalk – 9 • Multi-use Trail – 71

Biking • Bike Lane – 9 • Separated Bike Lane – 11 • Sharrow – 1 • Multi-use Trail – 69

The public open houses also had a looping PowerPoint presentation with information on programs and policies and laptop stations to allow people to fill out the public survey.

Wilkinson – Shirley • Monday, February 19, 6:00 – 8:00 • Wilkinson Fire Department: 440 E. B St. Wilkinson, IN 46186 • 18 sign-ins

Fortville – McCordsville • Wednesday, February 21, 6:30 – 8:30 • Fortville-Vernon Township Library, 625 E. Broadway St., Fortville, IN 46040 • 17 sign-ins

Cumberland – New Palestine • Tuesday, February 27, 6:00 – 8:00 • New Palestine Town Hall, 42 E. Main St., New Palestine, IN 46163 • 51 sign-ins

Greenfield • Thursday, March 1, 5:00 – 7:00 • Creative Art Center, 2 W. Main St., Greenfield, IN 46140 • 35 sign-ins

Stakeholder Meetings

Three stakeholder meetings for the Hancock County Trails Plan were held with invitations targeted at Governmental Stakeholders, Private/Business Organizations, and Elected and Appointed Officials. Attendance and other details are below. Each meeting began with an overview presentation of the plans goals and process. Attendees then went to breakout discussion tables where consultants provided more specific details, listened to concerns, and answered questions.

7-33 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

Governmental Stakeholders • Thursday, April 26, 1:30 – 3:30 • Hancock County Regional Hospital, 801 N State St, Greenfield, IN 46140 • 27 sign-ins

Private Businesses/Organizations • Thursday, April 26, 3:30 – 5:30 • Hancock County Regional Hospital, 801 N State St, Greenfield, IN 46140 • 5 sign-ins

Elected and Appointed Officials • Thursday, April 26, 6:00 – 8:00 • Buck Creek Township Fire Department, 5809 W Airport Blvd, Greenfield, IN 46140 • 10 sign-ins

Public Survey

As part of the Hancock County Trails Plan process, a public survey was developed and distributed throughout Hancock County. The survey was modeled after similar public input surveys conducted as part of other communities’ planning processes and was intended to better understand existing attitudes and behaviors related to walking and biking, as well as to collect input and ideas on potential strategies to be pursued.

The full survey, with responses, can be found in Appendix A. The survey was completed by 1,043 respondents. The age characteristics of those taking the survey are summarized below.

• 0 – 17 years: 17.8% • 18 – 24 years: 4.7% • 25 – 34 years: 16.6% • 35 – 44 years: 25.7% • 46 – 64 years: 27.9% • 65+ years: 7.2%

The majority of respondents, 63.8%, indicated that they only drive the places they go. Nearly one-third responded that they use a combination of biking, walking, transit and driving to get to places they’re going, but they mostly drive.

About half of respondents, 54.2%, indicated that they do not bike regularly, and 35.1% bike once per week or less. More than two-thirds of those surveyed reported that they want to bike more. When asked about the characteristics of good places for biking, the top responses included: bike trail or designated paths that are physically separated from traffic; good pavement condition (road doesn’t have many potholes or bumps); and low traffic (slow moving vehicles). People chose the following reasons for not biking more: lack of designated bike paths, lanes, and routes; high traffic volume; and the difficulty of crossing busy streets. Several respondents opted to write-in an “other” response and noted their

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-34 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

lack of time to bike, showing the need to create a system that is convenient to use as part of everyday activities.

Regarding walking and running, 38.9% of respondents answered that they walk or run once per week or less and 36.1% walk or run two to three times per week or more. The majority of survey takers, 75.2%, would like to walk or run more. The top characteristics of a good place to walk or run included: sidewalks that are separated from the street by a grass strip; continuous sidewalks that do not end; and high-quality sidewalk pavement (no bumps, gaps, or tripping hazards). When asked what prevents them from walking more, the top answers were similar to the same question about biking: lack of continuous walking or jogging areas such as sidewalks or trails; high traffic volume; and the difficulty of crossing busy streets. Again, those that wrote-in an “other” response often named time as a reason to not walk or run more.

Asked what places within Hancock County they would like to walk or bike to, respondents indicated that city parks, restaurants, and around their neighborhoods were top choices. The walking or biking programs people would most like to see include an online reporting system for problem intersections or areas; Safe Routes to School programs; bicycle safety classes for children; a walking club; and Walk and Bike to School days. The highest rated goals for the plan were enhancing community connections to neighborhoods, parks, schools, library, businesses, retail and dining, and government facilities; improving the health of Hancock County residents by providing safe walking and biking experiences for people of all ages and abilities; and increasing the quality of life within Hancock County in an effort to retain current residents and attract new ones.

Three-fourths of survey takers agree or strongly agree that safe and widespread biking and walking accommodations are important to their quality of life. Even more respondents (81.4%) agree or strongly agree that safe and widespread biking and walking accommodations are important to their community’s quality of life. Most (84%) agree or strongly agree that Hancock County needs more accommodations that promote safe walking and biking.

The majority of respondents (82.2%) believe it is important for Hancock County to increase public investment in biking and walking infrastructure, such as trails, sidewalks, and bikeways. Asked whether they would support an increase in public funding to help pay for these improvements, 64.8% responded yes, while 19.7% were unsure, indicating some people may need more information before supporting such a proposal.

The survey also asked what current behaviors respondents would change if Hancock County were to invest in creating an enhanced bicycle and pedestrian network. Top responses included increasing biking and walking for exercise and wellness; walking or biking to the park or for recreation; promoting biking and walking amongst friends and family; and supporting public funding for improving the bicycle and pedestrian network.

Taken collectively and individually, survey responses provided valuable information about walking and biking in Hancock County today and offered a vision for what it can be in the future. The information collected was used to inform and develop both the infrastructure and non-infrastructure recommendations

7-35 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

presented later in the plan and serves as a benchmark by which future progress can be measured.

Draft Plan Meetings

A draft of the Hancock County Trails Plan map and program and polices was presented at two public meetings. These meetings consisted of an overview presentation that included the plan process and information learned from various public participation outlets. Attendees were given copies of the plan map and an overview of programs and policies. After the presentation, attendees had the opportunity to meet with consultants at tables to discuss concerns and ask questions. Feedback provided at these meetings was taken into consideration when creating the final plan. Meeting details are listed below.

Draft Plan Meeting #1 • Tuesday, June 26, 6:30 – 8:30 PM • NineStar Connect, 2243 E Main St., Greenfield, IN 46140 • 23 sign-ins

Draft Plan Meeting #2 • Thursday, June 28, 6:30 – 8:30 PM • Buck Creek Township Fire Station, 5809 W. Airport Blvd., Greenfield, IN 46140 • 26 sign-ins

Summary of Draft Plan Public Comments

In Support

893 people want more walking and biking options Online Survey & Mail-in Comments

Oppose Plan

*4 people Public Meeting & Mail-in Comments 160 people Petition

Oppose in Their Area

3 people Mail-in Comments

Seeking More Information

2 people

*Note: Several people both spoke out against the plan at the Draft Plan Public Meetings and sent comments through the mail. Several people both signed a petition and sent comments through the mail. Only one remonstrance against the plan was tallied in the summary above.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-36 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

Project Website

A project website was created at the beginning of the process to distribute vital information regarding the plan and to keep the public up-to-date on the progress of the plan. Information on project background, frequently asked questions, up coming meetings and the most current version of the plan were posted for the public to view.

Public input in the form of and on-line survey and feedback on the draft plan were all posted on the project website. The public was encouraged to check the website frequently for updates.

7-37 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN INVENTORY & ANALYSIS

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INVENTORY & ANALYSIS

SUMMARY OF INVENTORY

Following the input from the community at the public open houses and stakeholder meetings, the design team created a map summarizing the desired routes and optional routes throughout the county. See the OPTIONAL ROUTES Map.

An inventory map summarizing public destinations, planned community trails, planned statewide trails, and planned regional trails was produced. The team documented the existing infrastructure and conditions along the desired routes for the master plan. Measurements of road lane widths, buffer widths, sidewalk widths, and traffic conditions were documented. See the INVENTORY Map.

A separate map was created showing private destinations throughout the county that have been designated as agri-tourism. See Appendix B.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-40

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RID R US 52 0S k NNFO WN ek eek SOLDIERSOR AND RivR re W380SW 380S ME N PK

BRANDYWINE C DRD RD S 7 M S WUSW US Cree SAILORS CAMP Zion Creek MAIN SS 52 ss D 2 W 400S ELEMENTARY E 400S e C K E40E 400S NEW PALESTINEALESTINE es

el wine

d ame W h W MA ch tch Na

rand A 50W IN S ST Di

ll D D Br S S 5 S e E 450S

NEW LIBRARY W axwe MaxM

W STINEMYERSTINEMYERERR RD RD 00W

W 30

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W W50W 500S E500SE 500S E 500S

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W SCHOOLS

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0 E550SE 550S E55E 550S0S

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5 US52

S 15 INVENTORY & ANALYSIS

BIKEABILITY CONDITIONS

In addition to public and stakeholder input, the team used a Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) calculator as an additional tool to measure bikeability.

The design team measured mid-block cross sections of the roads along identified “desired“ routes as part of the inventory process, and analyzed them to visualize where opportunities were available to gain space for bicycle facilities along roadways. The team looked at the existing lane widths to understand if narrowing the lanes would be appropriate and how much space could be gained from that treatment. Opportunities and constraints were recognized at each mid-block section based on apparent available right-of-way, existing utilities, drainage structures, curb type, distance from street to building, and utilization of on-street parking.

Measurements of the mid-block geometry of each route, along with the average daily traffic, speed limit, and percent of commercial traffic, were inserted into the Bicycle Level of Service Calculator (BLOS). The BLOS is a nationally-used measure of on-road bicycle level of comfort based upon a roadway’s geometry and traffic conditions. Its intent is to understand the comfort level of a beginner to intermediate rider. See Appendix C for calculation data and scores.

A map was created that reveals the existing BLOS conditions by color coding those routes that are more suitable for casual riders and those that are currently more appropriate for expert riders.

In general the existing biking conditions in Hancock County can be roughly divided along a line created by Fortville Pike / Franklin Street. Most roads west of this line are not suitable for biking by all but expert riders due to narrow roadways with high speed and high traffic volumes. East of this line the traffic volumes drop off and some county roadways become suitable for biking. Several of the biking groups currently use roadways in the southeast corner of the county for their weekly rides.

The following maps illustrate the existing BLOS for the routes studied. A grade of “A” through “B” indicates that the route is suitable for a casual rider. A grade that equals high “C” indicates that the route is borderline suitable for casual riders. A grade of “D” through “F” means that only expert riders would feel comfortable riding the route in its present conditions and that an improvement is needed.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-44

Sand Sug ar Creek Cr e e

k 109 F 13 l 238 a t fo Delaware N NAS

r 9

k Brooks E

775E

Cre Illinois Y 5 HV 500E

A 2 N N

ford Bee Camp Creek 6 ILLE RD ek N

1050 N Al E OHIO ST W 1050N N 101st Ohio io M ROADW errill Oh

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Oak

er f E 1000N MAPLE E 1000N 1000 N S RD

al 500E Mud Cr WAN W 1000N 1000 N 9

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or Barnard t 5W k Dr 0 ee

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eek 0 n 12 400 ai

N r

1 N N G

N N

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0 W

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N W 925N ld

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N 50

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l 1

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S 55 S nm W F S VI W US52 W 500S E 500S N

E E 500S

0E 0E

5 er

0 S 450 S 7 Riv Big Blue S 675WS

400E June 11, 2018

S 20 S S

S 5 S S 5 S 7- 45 N

7- 46

Y E L L A

N Y E L L

A F E

C K B

D A

EY ST EY N U

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T T

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June 11, 2018

N T

S S OI N L I I L 0

E 70 Hancock County Hancock County

Trails Master Plan Trails ALLEY

T S

AN I D

ER M

TH R

Wilkinson & Shirley Detail

BICYCLE LEVEL OF SERVICE MAP BICYCLE LEVEL OF SERVICE

T S A A I N A

V L Y S N N E

P P E N N S Y L V A I N A S

ROA

L I

T S

E R A AW EL D

TH W N RA N

SOU

ALLEY

A ST A M ALABA

E 650E

ALLEY

NE W JE W RS E ST Y

S T ERSEY ERSEY J NEW

LEE ST

E ST E BL O

E LEE E

5E 12 1

E 7

N SR1 I ST

109 SR

R109

N N 1 0 50E

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T ST T RL

AN'S T AN'S

S REM I F

F E

ST WALNUT S ST 2ND

AIN

E M T

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ALLEY G

ST F

LLEY W

OST ST OST OAK OAK

3RD 3RD ST

T S E

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E B ST B E S PLE

S MAIN ST ST

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C C

ELM S ELM T

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SR109 N INVENTORY & ANALYSIS

WALKABILITY CONDITIONS

In addition to public and stakeholder input, the team used a Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) calculator as an additional tool to measure walkability.

The team analyzed the same corridors for pedestrian level of service that were analyzed for bikeability conditions to see if the corridor would support both biking and walking. Corridors that currently had sidewalks on both side of the streets were deemed as highly walkable, corridors or sections of corridors with a sidewalk located only on one side were deemed borderline walkable, and sections that had sidewalks on neither side of the road were considered not walkable.

A map was then created that summarizes the existing Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) conditions by color coding those sections that are more suitable for walking and those that need improvement. Routes with an A and B level are considered to be on the high side of walkability. Sections that fall into the C level are considered borderline walkable, and D-F levels are considered less walkable or not walkable. See Appendix C for calculation data and scores.

As expected the only walkable corridors were located within the urban core of each community where sidewalks and trails were already present. Out in the county there are very narrow roadways with little to no shoulders and no sidewalks. Walking or jogging along these roadways would be treacherous.

The following maps illustrate the existing PLOS for the study area.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-48

Sand Sug ar Creek

Creek

9 10 F 13 l 238 a tf Delaware N NA o rk C Brooks 9

SHVILLE 775E

Illinois rd

re N N

fo Bee Camp Creek 625E ek 500E N

DWAY 1050 N Al

W 1050N N 101st Ohio E OHIO ST A Merr hio R RO O D MILL B ill Oak

fe E 1000N MAPLE E 1000N 1000 N SWA RD RD

al 500E Mud Cr 1000 N W 1000N W 1000N B

5E R109 Port D E Barnard k

0 S

d ee

r 77 r

00E N ALFO N C

eek 0 n 125W 4 ai

N r

1 N N G

N N

lio 0 Fortvil E 950N

O 50E

40 950N 950 N KI W NGB 5

k ord Rd W le rt Dr C Po a

c 0E M P L k

0 W

500

N W 925N ld

925 E

Dr a

l 4 N 55 N ie r my

r ayf E 900N D o B W

W 900N 400 N St 900 N E W 900N 900 N 900 N RD 67 y N 500 ard

Orch F 750E o

ew Dr r N

tvi Olve Glenvi R HOMAS

lle T cks Dr cks 0W Pk W 850N 850 N

7 Ri

60 6 R 400 W Meridian EDEN E EDE N N R W S nm D

nmR9 OY

TR E 0

N S N 0

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W 800N E e 250

0 r

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l 1

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Fa i

N 200W T S

Oli I

WAY TROY 750 N E 750N H AD W MAS RD RO N W 750N O W

750 N MERIDIAN RD RD W 750N B 75TH ST 75

300 W

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W Y

725E

T O S N TH

N250E SOU

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7-52

FINAL PLAN

BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY MASTER PLAN

The finalized bicycle and pedestrian facility master plan identifies 15 different corridors for improvement. Three different types of bicycle and pedestrian treatments are proposed to strengthen the bicycle and pedestrian network. The plan will use shared roadways, protected bike lanes, and multi-use trails for this purpose.

A Proposed Shared Roadway is defined as a facility which is open to both bicycle and motor-vehicle travel and has a high priority for development. It will be designated as a route for bicycle use by means of signing and marking the roadway. It is recommended that speed limits be reduced on roadways designated as shared roadways. See the Development Standards section for more information on shared roadways.

A Proposed Protected Bike Lane is defined as a portion of the roadway that has been designated by means of signing and striping for the exclusive use of bicyclists. The proposed designation means that it has high priority for development. A protected bike lane is usually separated from the roadway by a minimum of 3 feet. See the Development Standards sections for more information regarding bike lanes.

The multi-use trails have been divided into two different designations. A Proposed Multi-Use Trail intended for bicyclists and pedestrians is defined as a facility that is physically separated from motorized traffic and has the highest priority for development. A Preferred Route Multi-Use Trail is defined as a facility that is physically separated from motorized traffic, but the actual location may vary depending on the current property use and nearby existing and future development. Should the current use of the property change, then the developer shall be required to accommodate the preferred route multi-use trail. See the Development Standards section for more information on multi-use trails.

See the next page for the Final Master Plan map.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-54

2238 N N 38 SSuga Delaware NA E A gar C 9 SHVIS 75E OLD TOWN Illinois 5E BeeCampCreekBee Camp Creek VI Cre

LINDA 625 N N LLE 77 N

FORTVILLE Ohio 1050 ee

d LE R N EXISTING FACILITIES 6 N FORTVILLEF rd k

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S 50 S S 0E River 0W W 200S E 200S WEBER RD E 200S

5 luelu Ri 400 S S 70 S W200SW 200S E200SE 200S B

200 SSRD RD 25

S 4 S S 9

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S S S S 60

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S 4 S NAMELESS CREEK COB

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S JA S S S ELEMENTARY 20 S E300S ag

W 300S S S M E 300S ge C

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5W 5 W

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0W DOE CREEK 0W

RRRI 700 ek

S 6 S S 12

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AN AN RIS

S 7 S

S 5 S

45 S

MIDDLE SCHOOL 1 S DIA

E350SE 350S S BI side s S S

S 4 S TTOW BI

W 35 er

RID R US 52 0S k NNFO WN ek eek SOLDIERSOR AND RivR re W380SW 380S ME N PK

C DRD RD S 7 M S WUSW US Cree SAILORS CAMP Zion Creek MAIN SS 52 ss D 2 W 400S E 400S e C K E40E 400S NEW PALESTINEALESTINE es

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d ame W h W MA ch BRANDYWINE tch Na rand A 50W IN S ST Di

ll D D Br S ELEMENTARY5 S e E 450S

NEW LIBRARY W axwe MaxM

W STINEMYERSTINEMYERERR RD RD 00W

W 30

SUGAR CREEK 0W S S

W W50W 500S E500SE 500S E 500S

0W 0

TOWNSHIP PARK NEW PALESTINE 100

S 1 S

5E 5 55

W W US52

W SCHOOLS

S 5 S W FAUT RD 57

500 E S E

5W5 E

50W 52 0 1.5 3 4.5

45 S 5 S

S 5 0 0 COUNTY LINE

0 E550SE 550S E55E 550S0S

S S 30

S 6

W BRIDGE

S 20 S S

S 40 S S

0W S Miles

5 US52

S 15 FINAL PLAN

TOTAL DISTANCE OF BICYCLE & PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES SUMMARY

Shared Roadways: 44.2 miles

Protected Bike Lanes 3.3 miles

Multi-Use Trail: 71.7 miles

PREFERRED LOCATION OF MULTI-USE TRAILS

Below is a summary of the locations for the Proposed Multi-Use Trails and the Preferred Route Multi-Use Trials along each roadway. The location is based upon the least disturbance to individual property owners and connecting to public identified destinations along the corridor. The location is suggested and final locations will be determined based on the current property use and existing and proposed development.

North to South Trails

Street Name From Street To Street West Side East Side

700 West US 52 200 South X 700 West 200 South Pennsy Trail X 700 West 100 N 600 N X 600 West US 52 100 S X 600 West 300 N 500 N X 500 West 300 S 100 S X 250 West 100 S Pennsy Trail X 200 West Pennsy Trail W. Haines Pass X Franklin Street 400 S 100 S X SR 9 300 N 600 N X SR 9 600 N 900 N X 1050 East Pennsy Trail 150 N X 1050 East 150 N 350 N X 1050 East 350 N 550 N X 1050 East 550 N SR 109 X

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-58 FINAL PLAN

West to East Trails

Street Name From Street To Street South Side North Side

400 S 450 West SR 9 X 100 N Buck Creek Trail 600 West X 100 N 600 West 200 West X 100 N 200 West Windswept Rd X 900 N 50 West SR 9 X SR 234 500 West 300 West X SR 67 McCordsville Fortville X

7-59 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN

BIKEABILITY CONDITIONS

After creating the new master plan map, the team once again used the BLOS calculator tool with the revised data to create a new map reflecting the potential bikeabilty for the county once all facilities are implemented. See Appendix C for proposed calculation data and scores.

A grade of “A” through “B” indicates that the route is suitable for a casual rider. A grade that equals high “C” indicates that the route is borderline suitable for casual riders. A grade of “D” through “F” means that only expert riders would feel comfortable riding the route in its present condition.

The following maps illustrate the Proposed BLOS for the study area.

WALKABILITY CONDITIONS

After creating the new master plan map, the team once again used the PLOS calculator tool with the revised data to create a new map reflecting the potential walkability for the county once all facilities are implemented. See Appendix C for proposed calculation data and scores.

Routes with an A and B level are considered to be on the high side of walkability. Sections that fell into the C level are considered borderline walkable, and D-F levels are considered less walkable or not walkable.

The following maps illustrate the Proposed PLOS for the study area.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-60

Sand Creek

Sugar Creek 109 Flatfork Creek 238 13 Delaware N NASHVILLE RD

Brooks 9 Illinois

Bee Camp Creek 775E N N 500E N

1050 N Alford 101st Ohio E OHIO ST W 1050N 625E N Merrill

Ohio MILL BROADWAY Oak 1000 N E 1000N

SWAN MAPLE E 1000N 500E Mud Creek 1000 N W 1000N W 1000N Balfer

Port Dr

Barnard

N ALFORD N RD

400E N SR109 N

N 775E N Grain Creek N 125W N Fortville Pk E 950N

N 1100E Olio Rd 950 N KINGB

W 950N 550E Port Dr 400W N McCord Rd

500 W 925 N W 925N

400 W N 550E N Bayfiel Dr E 900N

W 900N 400E N Stormy 900 N Emerald Lake W 900N 900 N 900 N RD 67

N 500W N Orchard Fortville Pk N 750E N

Glenview Dr Olvey THOMAS RD THOMAS

W 850N 850 N Ricks Dr Ricks 400 W

Meridian EDEN E EDEN RD N 600W W SR67 nm nm

TROY N SR9 N

600E E SR234 N 400W nm nm nm 234 W SR234 W SR234 234

W 800N 800 N 234 250E

50 N

Fall Creek N 1000E N 200W Sixmile Creek

Olio Rd 750 N E 750N TROY

W 750N WHITEST W 750N 75TH ST 750 N N MERIDIAN RD 300 W W BROADWAY 475W N THOMAS RD

N 250E N SOUTH ST

N 775E N N 725E N MAIN ST

N TROY TROY N RD LEE ST

E 700N 700 N E 700N E B ST

127W 300E W IRVING DR 475W N 700 N W 700N India Branch

H ST

N 900E N

400E N 200W N

Willow Branch 50E E 650N 650 N I ST E 650N

650 N 1125E N FortvillePk

N 300W N SR109 300E W 650N 650 N 50W

350 W

Lawrence Creek 400 W

250E 625 N

N 875E N

N 700E N

N 400E N N 300E N N MAIN ST N 50W N E 600N 25 W E 600N 600 N

N 350W 600 N 400W N 600 N W 600N

600 N RD

FRANKS LN FRANKS

300 E 300

200 W 200

300W

400W 500W N 600 W E 550N E 550N

N 600 N W E 500N Buck Creek E 500N 300E N W 500N W 500N

W 500N W 500N W 500 N nm 400E N

N 500W N

N 50E N

N 1000E N

N 25W N N 200W N

N FORTVILLE PK 600E N E 450N

Indian Creek Indian N 900E N

W LANE RD 700E N

AIRPORT BLV 800E N E 400N N 300W N E 400N Morris Creek

KY DR W 400N W 400N N 1050E E MOHR RD W STONER DR W 380N W 375N

CRANBERRY DR E 350N

N 525E N N 450E N W 350N 375E N STATION WAY W 50E N E 325N

Anthony Creek

N SR9 N 300E N

N 100W N E 300N E 300N E 300N E 300 N

W 300N nm E I70 Montgomery Creek N 500W N DEERFIELD DR 500E N

N 125W N nmnmnm E 250N FRANKLIN ST I70 9 SR E I70 W I70 C I70

I70 RAMP E 200N E 200N

W I70 E NEW RD E 200N N 500W N

N 125W N W NEW RD

200 N RD W 200NW I70 W 200N N 850E N

I-70 GRANDISON N RD

FIELDS BLVD FIELDS N STATE ST STATE N

I-70 JAMES BLV KING MAPLE DR E 150N

N 100W N E 150N

PAULS DR 700E N W 150N W 150N

nm nm 800E N

N 500E N

N BROADWAY ST BROADWAY N N STATE ST STATE N E 100N E 100N E MCKENZIE RD Little Brandywine Creek

N BUCK CREEK RD CREEK BUCK N W MCKENZIE RD

W 100N N 300W N

100 N RD ST APPLE N BLUE RD BLUE N

N 350W N OSMAN LN

N 525W N N 400W N

N 700W N POST MASTER LN INDIGO DR INDIGO

ALLEY E 25N

ATIR LN SCHOOL ST SCHOOL ANITA LN BLVD OAK N MERIDIAN RD MERIDIAN N nm E PARK AVE N 600W N nm E US40 E US40

WAYNE DR W 6TH ST

N 150W N JAYCIE PHELPS RD PHELPS JAYCIE

WALNUT ST

N FRANKLIN STFRANKLIN N W 4TH ST BERRY ST BERRY

nm 925E S

EAST ST

N EAST ST EAST N nm ST DATE

PRATT ST PRATT E MAIN ST N WINDSWEPT RD WINDSWEPT N

S 300W DR ASHBY W NORTH ST

E PENNSY TRL 850E S HOWARD ST HOWARD

S 525W

W MAIN ST MONROEST W SOUTH ST HICKORY DR HICKORY Goose Cr Breier Creek E OSAGE ST

S 350W W OSAGE ST S 200W S

WELKER DR WELKER TAGUE ST

W US40 W GARDEN DR E 50S eek US 40 DR MANOR W LAKE DR Dilly Creek

S STATE ST

S 400 E 400 S

Grassy Creek Grassy

S 700W S

S FRANKLIN ST FRANKLIN S S 850E S

BOWMAN DR W 100S W DAVIS RD E DAVIS RD E 100S

W 100S S 775E

S 400W S

S 150W S

S 200W S

S 850E S S DAISY LN DAISY S

Opossum Run

OAK DR 675E S E 150S

PENNY LN STEEL FORD RD 750E S

Little Sugar Creek

S 500W S Miles Creek E 200S WEBER RD W 200S E 200S E 200S

200 S RD W 200S

S 400E S

S 250W S S SR9 S

W IVY LN 600E S E 250S S 100E S

S 300W S Big Blue River S 150W S nm 425W S S 600W S Hancock County

S JACOBI RD JACOBI S S MORRISTOWN PK

W 300S E 300S 275E S E 300S Carthage Creek

W 300S Trails Master Plan

S 700E S S SUNRISE S DR

S 630W S PROPOSED

W 330S 500E S

S 125W S S MERIDIAN MERIDIAN S RD

E 350S S 400W S W 350S Nameless Creek S BINFORD RD BICYCLE LEVEL OF SERVICE MAP US 52 nm

S 450W S W 380S MAIN ST A Zion Creek nm W 400S E 400S E 400S Doe Creek B

S 565W W US52 50W S Riverside Brook C E MILL ST Brandywine Creek

S VILLAGE ROW

S 650W S E 450S D S 100W S

S 800E

Maxwell Ditch E W FURRY RD 300E S W STINEMYER RD S 550W S nm F S VICTORY DR W US52 W 500S E 500S E 500S N

S 450W S Big Blue River

S 675W S

S 200E S November 2, 2018

S 400E S

S 500E S S 575E S N

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HALF ST HALF

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E T I H W SH 0 W H I T E

S E S R T

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AD AD

NORTH STNORTH 1

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WALNUT ST WALNUT k e

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S S OI N L I I L PROPOSED

E 70 Hancock County Hancock County

Trails Master Plan Trails ALLEY

T S

AN I D

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TH R

Wilkinson & Shirley Detail

BICYCLE LEVEL OF SERVICE MAP BICYCLE LEVEL OF SERVICE

T S A A I N A

V L Y S N N E

P P E N N S Y L V A I N A S

ROA

L I

T S

E R A AW EL D

TH W N RA N

SOU

ALLEY

A ST A M ALABA

E 650E

ALLEY

NE W JE W RS E ST Y

S T ERSEY ERSEY J NEW

LEE ST

E ST E BL O

E LEE E

5E 12 1

E 7

N SR1 I ST

109 SR

R109

N N 1 0 50E

S 1ST S

T ST T RL

AN'S T AN'S

S REM I F

F E

ST WALNUT S ST 2ND

AIN

E M T

E E S S

ALLEY G

ST F

LLEY W

OST ST OST OAK OAK

3RD 3RD ST

T S E

T ST

E B ST B E S PLE

S MAIN ST ST

E A A E MA

C C

ELM S ELM T

E E

S L

D D

AL AVE

H ST H

ALE

STATIO N ST S ST

N N ST N IO

STAT

ST A

AIN ST M

N 100 N 0E

1000E

E 7 E 650N

SR109 N Sand Creek

Sugar Creek 109 Flatfork Creek 238 13 Delaware N NASHVILLE RD

Brooks 9 Illinois

Bee Camp Creek 775E N N 500E N

1050 N Alford 101st Ohio E OHIO ST W 1050N 625E N Merrill

Ohio MILL BROADWAY Oak 1000 N E 1000N

SWAN MAPLE E 1000N 500E Mud Creek 1000 N W 1000N W 1000N Balfer

Port Dr

Barnard

N ALFORD N RD

400E N SR109 N

N 775E N Grain Creek N 125W N Fortville Pk E 950N

N 1100E Olio Rd 950 N KINGB

W 950N 550E Port Dr 400W N McCord Rd

500 W 925 N W 925N

400 W N 550E N Bayfiel Dr E 900N

W 900N 400E N Stormy 900 N Emerald Lake W 900N 900 N 900 N RD 67

N 500W N Orchard Fortville Pk N 750E N

Glenview Dr Olvey THOMAS RD THOMAS

W 850N 850 N Ricks Dr Ricks 400 W

Meridian EDEN E EDEN RD N 600W W SR67 nm nm

TROY N SR9 N

600E E SR234 N 400W nm nm nm 234 W SR234 W SR234 234

W 800N 800 N 234 250E

50 N

Fall Creek N 1000E N 200W Sixmile Creek

Olio Rd 750 N E 750N TROY

W 750N WHITEST W 750N 75TH ST 750 N N MERIDIAN RD 300 W W BROADWAY 475W N THOMAS RD

N 250E N SOUTH ST

N 775E N N 725E N MAIN ST

N TROY TROY N RD LEE ST

E 700N 700 N E 700N E B ST

127W 300E W IRVING DR 475W N 700 N W 700N India Branch

H ST

N 900E N

400E N 200W N

Willow Branch 50E E 650N 650 N I ST E 650N

650 N 1125E N FortvillePk

N 300W N SR109 300E W 650N 650 N 50W

350 W

Lawrence Creek 400 W

250E 625 N

N 875E N

N 700E N

N 400E N N 300E N N MAIN ST N 50W N E 600N 25 W E 600N 600 N

N 350W N 600 N 400W N 600 N W 600N

600 N RD

FRANKS LN FRANKS

300 E 300

200 W 200

300W

400W 500W N N 600 W E 550N E 550N

N 600 N W E 500N Buck Creek E 500N 300E N W 500N W 500N

W 500N W 500N W 500 N nm 400E N

N 500W N

N 50E N

N 1000E N

N 25W N N 200W N

N FORTVILLE PK 600E N E 450N

Indian Creek Indian N 900E N

W LANE RD 700E N

AIRPORT BLV 800E N E 400N N 300W N E 400N Morris Creek

KY DR W 400N W 400N N 1050E E MOHR RD W STONER DR W 380N W 375N

CRANBERRY DR E 350N

N 525E N N 450E N W 350N 375E N STATION WAY W 50E N E 325N

Anthony Creek

N SR9 N 300E N

N 100W N E 300N E 300N E 300N E 300 N

W 300N nm E I70 Montgomery Creek N 500W N DEERFIELD DR 500E N

N 125W N nmnmnm E 250N FRANKLIN ST I70 9 SR E I70 W I70 C I70

I70 RAMP E 200N E 200N

W I70 E NEW RD E 200N N 500W N

N 125W N W NEW RD

200 N RD W 200NW I70 W 200N N 850E N

I-70 GRANDISON N RD

FIELDS BLVD FIELDS N STATE ST STATE N

I-70 JAMES BLV KING MAPLE DR E 150N

N 100W N E 150N

PAULS DR 700E N W 150N W 150N

nm nm 800E N

N 500E N

N BROADWAY ST BROADWAY N N STATE ST STATE N E 100N E 100N E MCKENZIE RD Little Brandywine Creek

N BUCK CREEK RD CREEK BUCK N W MCKENZIE RD

W 100N N 300W N

100 N RD ST APPLE N BLUE RD BLUE N

N 350W N OSMAN LN

N 525W N N 400W N

N 700W N POST MASTER LN INDIGO DR INDIGO

ALLEY E 25N

ATIR LN SCHOOL ST SCHOOL ANITA LN BLVD OAK N MERIDIAN RD MERIDIAN N nm E PARK AVE N 600W N nm E US40 E US40

WAYNE DR W 6TH ST

N 150W N JAYCIE PHELPS RD PHELPS JAYCIE

WALNUT ST

N FRANKLIN ST FRANKLIN N W 4TH ST BERRY ST BERRY

nm 925E S

EAST ST

N EAST ST EAST N nm ST DATE

PRATT ST PRATT E MAIN ST N WINDSWEPT RD WINDSWEPT N

S 300W DR ASHBY W NORTH ST

E PENNSY TRL 850E S HOWARD ST HOWARD

S 525W

W MAIN ST MONROEST W SOUTH ST HICKORY DR HICKORY Goose Cr Breier Creek E OSAGE ST

S 350W W OSAGE ST S 200W S

WELKER DR WELKER TAGUE ST

W US40 W GARDEN DR E 50S eek US 40 DR MANOR W LAKE DR Dilly Creek

S STATE ST

S 400 E 400 S

Grassy Creek Grassy

S 700W S

S FRANKLIN ST FRANKLIN S S 850E S

BOWMAN DR W 100S W DAVIS RD E DAVIS RD E 100S

W 100S S 775E

S 400W S

S 150W S

S 200W S

S 850E S S DAISY LN DAISY S

Opossum Run

OAK DR 675E S E 150S

PENNY LN STEEL FORD RD 750E S

Little Sugar Creek

S 500W S Miles Creek E 200S WEBER RD W 200S E 200S E 200S

200 S RD W 200S

S 400E S

S 250W S S SR9 S

W IVY LN 600E S E 250S S 100E S

S 300W S Big Blue River S 150W S nm 425W S S 600W S Hancock County

S JACOBI RD JACOBI S S MORRISTOWN PK

W 300S E 300S 275E S E 300S Trails Master PlanCarthage Creek

W 300S

S 700E S S SUNRISE S DR

S 630W S PROPOSED

W 330S 500E S

S 125W S S MERIDIAN RD MERIDIAN S

E 350S S 400W S W 350S Nameless Creek S BINFORD RD PED. LEVEL OF SERVICE MAP US 52 nm

S 450W S W 380S MAIN ST A Zion Creek nm W 400S E 400S E 400S Doe Creek B

S 565W W US52 50W S Riverside Brook C E MILL ST Brandywine Creek

S VILLAGE ROW

S 650W S E 450S D S 100W S

S 800E

Maxwell Ditch E W FURRY RD 300E S W STINEMYER RD S 550W S nm F S VICTORY DR W US52 W 500S E 500S E 500S N

S 450W S Big Blue River S 675W S

S 200E S November 2, 2018

S 400E S

S 500E S S 575E S N

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June 13, 2018

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S S N OI I L L I

E 700E Hancock County Hancock County

Trails Master Plan Trails ALLEY

T S

AN I D

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T S PED. LEVEL OF SERVICE MAP PED. LEVEL OF SERVICE

Wilkinson & Shirley Detail

NORTH

T S

A A I N A V L Y

S N N P E PE N N S Y V L A N A I S

D D

A ILRO

T S

E R A AW EL D

T W N RA N

SOU

ALLEY

T A S A ALABAM 50

ALLEY

NE W JE W RS E Y

S T Y ST Y ERSE J W NE

LEE

LE ST LE B O

E LEE E

N N 1 1 2 5 E

00N

E 7

R109 N S I ST

SR 109

SR1

N N 1 0 50E

S 1ST S

T ST

AN'S T AN'S

REM I

F T S F ST F

LN E

WA ST ST 2ND

T IN S

Y A

T E

E S M S

ALLE

T G

F S F

LLEY W

OS OAK OAK

3RD 3RD ST

S W E E W

B ST B ST E

ST E PL

S MAIN ST A ST

E A A E M

C C

ELM S ELM T

E E Y

D AVE

ALLE

Y Y

H ST H

ALE

STATIO N ST S ST

N N ST N IO

STAT

AIN ST M

B B

N 100 N 0E

00N

E 7 E 650N

SR109 N FINAL PLAN

PRIORITY ROUTES

In general, the cost of most shared roadways can be installed for much less than other types of facilities like a multi-use trail and could be installed by local agencies. For this reason the shared roadway routes are not included in the priority routes. They may be included in the County’s annual striping budget, and may be installed as soon as possible. These routes include: Morristown Pike, CR 400 South, CR 900 East, CR 850 East, CR 150 South, CR 100 South, CR 400 East, CR 500 North, CR 900 North, and CR 1125 East.

A rating system has been developed to help with the decision making process regarding the priority of each trail facility being implemented. Each route starts with (1) one point and then points are added based upon the following criteria. There are a total of (13) thirteen points available with (13) thirteen being the highest. Below is the rating criteria for the plan.

Rating Criteria

Route connects to 2 or more existing bicycle / pedestrian facilities (vital link) +2

Route is a vital link to connecting two communities +2

Route is on a Statewide Trail Plan +2

Route is part of an upcoming county project +2

Route is a public “desired” route +1

Route connects to an existing bicycle / pedestrian facility +1

Route connects to a public “desired” destination point +1

Route connects to a low income area +1

Population Density Over 200 People Per Square Mile +1

Property Owner Remonstrated Against Route -1

A scoring table has been created using the rating criteria above. The scoring table and priority routes may change as development occurs. The steering committee should regularly update the scoring table to make sure the priority list is current. See Scoring Table next page.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-66

Hancock County Trails Plan Priority Route Scoring Table

Route Connects to 2 or Route is a vital link to Route Connects to an Route is part of an Route connects to Population Density Property Owner Route Is on a Statewide Route is identified in Route Connects to Map # Street Name From Street To Street More Existing Bike / Ped connecting two Existing Bike / Ped upcoming county a public "desired" of Over 200 People Remonstrated POINT TOTAL Trail Plan the plan a low income area Facilites communities Facilty project destination point Per Square Mile Against Route

1 700 West US 52 Pennsy Trail 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 5 2 700 West 100 N 600 N 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 3 600 West US 52 100 S 0 2 0 1 2 1 1 0 1 8 4 600 West US 40 500 N 0 2 0 1 2 1 1 0 1 8 5 500 West 300 S 100 S 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 6 250 West 100 S Pennsy Trail 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 7 200 West Pennsy Trail W. Haines Drive 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 3 8 Franklin Street 400 S 100 S 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 3 9 SR 9 300 N 600 N 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 01 4 10 SR 9 600 N 900 N 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 11 1050 East Pennsy Trail 250 N 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 12 1050 East 250 N 550 N 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 13 1050 East 550 N SR 109 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 14 400 S 450 West SR 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 15 Penssy Trail 600 West 150 West 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 10 16 Pennsy Trail 400 E 1050 E 0 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 5 17 100 N Buck Creek Trail 600 West 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 3 18 100 N 600 West 350 West 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 19 100 N 350 West Windswept Rd 0 00001011 3 20 900 N 50 West SR 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 21 SR 234 500 West 300 West 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 22 SR 67 McCordsville Fortville 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 23 NYC RR Wilkinson Shirley 0 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 6 FINAL PLAN

TIER CRITERIA AND PRIORITY ROUTE MAP

Tier 1 is the highest priority and will require acquiring additional right-of-way to complete the routes. A score of 8-12 on the priority route scoring table will be considered a tier 1 route.

Tier 2 is the second highest priority and right-of-way will need to be passively pursued to complete the routes. A score of 4-7 on the priority route scoring table will be considered a tier 2 route.

Tier 3 is the second lowest priority and right-of-way will not be pursued at this time. Right-of-way will need to come through future development. A score of 2-3 on the priority route scoring table will be considered a tier 3 route.

Tier 4 is the lowest priority route and is targeted for completion after all other tiers. Right of way will not be actively pursued. A score of 0-1 on the priority route scoring table will be considered a tier 4 route.

See the next page for the Priority Route Map.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-70

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S 15 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

BIKE FACILITY TYPES AND STANDARDS All long term plans are meant to be adaptable to new information. This one should be reviewed at regular intervals to see if any standards have changed. At the time this document was created there were several guidelines that apply, including The 2012 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities (AASHTO), and The National Association of City Transportation Officials Urban Bikeway Design Guide (NACTO). It is recommended that these guidelines as well as the standards outlined below be followed unless new standards or information become available.

BIKE LANE WIDTH Both NACTO and AASHTO recommend that the minimum width of a bike lane shall be 4 feet where there is a clear graded shoulder for recovery. The consultant team would further recommend that the clear graded shoulder be at least 5 feet wide before any drop off greater than 2 feet and that the closest vertical object be at least 2 feet from the edge of the bike lane. A bike lane shall have a minimum width of 4.5 feet next to a straight curb and only for short distances. The standard width of bike lane should be 5 feet or wider where there is a curb present and there is no on street parking. Where on street parking is adjacent to the bike lane, then the width of the lane shall be 6 feet minimum to allow for cars to open there doors into the bike lane without conflict. If possible, where parking is adjacent to the bike lane, then a 7 feet lane should be installed. Bike lanes shall be delineated from vehicular lanes by a solid white 6 inch stripe and between adjacent parking by a 4 inch solid white stripe.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-74 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

BIKE LANE MARKING AND SIGNAGE Bike lane markings shall consist of a bicycle symbol and an arrow placed together in the center of the lane. MUTCD sign R3-17 will also be used in conjunction with these markings. The bicycle symbol shall be placed so that it is the first symbol to be seen followed by the arrow. Bike lane markings and signage shall be placed at the start of each bike lane, after an intersection, after a bike path crossing, and after a major approach. Bike lane markings should be placed no more than a 1000 feet apart in rural sections and no more than 350 feet apart in urban sections. Signs can be placed further apart in between intersections and can be placed every other occurrence of placing the bike lane markings. See illustrations to the left for more information on standard sizes. Signs should also be placed warning users of a bike lane ending and when the bike lane continues on the other side of an intersection with a supplemental “AHEAD” plaque. Bike lanes are appropriate on roadway with speeds under 45 mph.

SHARED ROADWAY MARKING AND SIGNAGE Markings shall consist of a bicycle symbol and chevrons placed together to create a “Sharrow”. Sharrows shall be placed in the center of the lane to indicate where the bicyclist should ride. MUTCD signs W11-1 (Bike Symbol) with W16- 1P (Share the Road) will also be used in conjunction with these markings. The bicycle symbol shall be placed so that it is the first symbol to be seen followed by the chevrons. Bike lane markings and signage shall be placed at the start of each shared roadway, after an intersection, after a bike path crossing, and after a major approach. Markings should be placed no more than 250 feet apart on low volume roads and no more than 100 feet apart in urban sections.

For wayfinding purposes, the orientation of the chevron in the SHARROW SYMBOL SHARROW CHEVRONS sharrow symbol marking may be adjusted to direct bicyclists along discontinuous routes.

MODIFIED SHARROW SYMBOL

7-75 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Signs can be placed further apart in between intersections and can be placed every other occurrence of placing the bike lane markings. Signs should also be placed warning users of the shared roadway ending. W11-1 On roadways where vehicles and bikes share the same route, alternate signs “W11-1” and “W16-1” with sign “R4-11.” This will bring extra attention to the vehicle that cyclist has the right to use the entire width of the travel lane. Use sign “R4-11” R4-11 to indicate where bikes merge into traffic when a designated bike lane comes to an end. See illustrations to the left for W16-1 standards.

At non-signalized roadway intersections where a non bike and pedestrian route crosses with a designated bike and pedestrian route, place the “2-Way Crossing” sign at either side of that intersection. Additionally, place the “2-Way Crossing” sign at the exit of commercial drives if it crosses with a shared-use path.

PROTECTED BIKE LANE A protected bike lane is a conventional bike lane paired with a designated buffer space separating the bicycle lane from the adjacent motorized vehicle lane. The buffer shall be marked with 2 solid white lines and shall be 18” wide minimum. Where the buffer width is 3 feet or wider and diagonal hatching shall be used. For greater separation and protection a tubular lane marker can be added to the buffer area.

5 Feet 18” Min.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-76 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

SHARED ROADWAY ROUTES WITH MARKED AUTOMOBILE PARKING Marking automobile parking along shared roadway routes has several safety functions for bicyclists and pedestrians. For bicyclists it better defines the travel lane for vehicles and reduces the perceived lane width even when parked vehicles are not

30 ft MIN. on present. This has the effect of traffic calming on the route. In approach to signal areas where the parking is not heavily used, the parking area per UVC can be used as a refuge for more inexperienced cyclists as long as they do not have to weave in and out of the travel lane. For 20 ft typical for end space pedestrians it moves the travel way further from the walking space and provides a greater level of comfort.

23 ft standard Parking spaces should be marked based upon the 2011 Indiana Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices. The marked parallel parking space shall typically be 8 feet wide by 23 feet long. In certain circumstances on low volume roadways it may be 7 ft MIN. typical possible to reduce the width of the space to 7 feet. Each space shall be denoted by two solid white transverse stripes 6 inches wide in the configuration of a “T” or “tick” (see illustration).

12 inches

4 to 6 inches

NO 20 ft MIN. PARKING per UVC ZONE

7-77 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

CONFLICT ZONE MARKINGS Vehicular crossings of bicycle facilities can happen at intersections and at private drives or entrances. Care must be taken by both bike and vehicles to watch out for one another in these transition zones. Marking these crossings to bring attention to these conflict areas can be helpful. Several options are available for marking these area:

1. An epoxy-modified, acrylic, waterborne coating has been successfully used for bike lanes. There are several colors available and selection should be based upon the color choice that provides the most contrast and matches with the amenities/ color scheme selected along that particular route. Example of Epoxy Bike Coating on Asphalt 2. Cabot Deck Stain is another option that might be considered on a trial basis. This coating has been used by the City of Portland, Oregon, to color neighborhood road intersections with less than 2,500 VPD.

BICYCLE FRIENDLY CASTINGS Bicycle friendly castings for drainage inlets are necessary where bicycle facilities are present. It is important to make sure that a bicycle tire will not fit into the grate opening and cause a bicycle user to be thrown from the bike causing injury.

The gap between the drainage grate and its frame should be 1 inch or less. Several casting types are available. The most versatile is the octagon style.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-78 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

BICYCLE FACILITY AMENITIES:

BICYCLE PARKING Bicycle Parking should follow the Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (APBP) Bicycle Parking Guidelines 2nd Edition. At a minimum bicycle parking should offer a rack that supports the bicycle in at least two spaces, allows locking the frame and at least one wheel with a “U-Lock”, resists rusting, resists cutting, resists bending, and is securely anchored to the ground. An example of a rack meeting this criteria would be a “U-rack”. The rack should be coated with powder coating or thermoplastic to reduce maintenance. Racks that only support the bike by the front wheel should not be used.

Bicycle racks should be spaced a minimum of 36 inches apart from one another when placed side by side and a minimum of 24 inches from the nearest obstruction. Design should take into account that a bicycle is a minimum of 6 feet long.

Further considerations should be made for bicycle parking that is intended to be for longer than 2 hours. Examples are areas where a considerable number of people who use the parking for commuting. Bicycle parking that is intended for longer than 2 hours should provide shelter or enclosure, be as close as possible to building fronts and in a secure location with active surveillance. It might even be wise to consider bicycle lockers or a supervised area.

7-79 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

MULTI-USE TRAIL TYPE It is recommended that each multi-use trail be universally accessible. For the purposes of this plan a multi-use trail is the same as a shared-use path. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities (2012) and Chapter 51 of the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) Design Manual defines a shared-use path as an off-road, two-way facility designed for use by bicyclists, in-line skaters, wheelchair users, and pedestrians on exclusive right-of-way with minimal cross flow by motor vehicles. This means that the paths will have to be wide enough to accommodate two way travel for each type of use. In order to allow accessibility to each use, the path’s Shared-Use Path surface must be adequate and slopes must follow guidelines Clear Creek Trail, Bloomington, IN developed by the US Access Board or regulations from the US Department of Justice. At the time this document was created there were several guidelines that apply: 1) Guidelines for Shared Use Paths; 2) Guidelines for Outdoor Developed Areas; and 3) Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right- of-Ways. Although INDOT and AASHTO regulations may not be required for all shared-use paths, it is recommended that these guidelines be followed on all paths applications.

SHARED-USE WIDTH AASHTO recommends a minimum width of 10 feet for shared- use paths, with 2 foot wide graded shoulders on either side of the path. However, when a higher number of users are anticipated, at least a 12 foot wide trail with shoulders should be employed. This allows for two 6 foot wide lanes that will accommodate several different types of users.

Therefore, the design team recommends using a 10 foot wide path (minimum) with 2 foot grass shoulders wherever possible. Only where absolutely necessary should an 8 foot path with Typical 8’ Wide Shared Use Path Cross Section shoulders be implemented. This instance should only happen when the shared-use path is considered a connector path (a path that will have minimal traffic and isn’t a through path) and/ or when it is not feasible to fit a larger width of path due to right- of-way or other limitations.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-80 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

SHARED-USE PATH SLOPE It is important that the path cross slope provide positive drainage, but not create a non-traversable slope for trail users or those in wheel chairs. For this reason all cross slopes shall be no more than 2%. Trail shoulders create recovery areas for bicycle users and should not have cross slopes greater than 4%.

Side slopes beyond the shoulders should not be greater than 4:1. Steeper slopes are non-mowable and therefore create maintenance issues. Additionally, slopes steeper than 3:1 within 5 feet of the trail’s edge must be protected.

Longitudinal trail slope should be no greater than 5% in most circumstances. The INDOT Design Manual gives more guidance on when it is permissible to exceed this guideline and appropriate mitigation techniques.

SHARED-USE PATH SURFACE The primary concern with path surfacing is accommodating a variety of path users and providing accessibility. While crushed stone is less expensive to construct and is more forgiving for runners and walkers, it does not accommodate all users. It is non-traversable for in-line skaters and can be difficult for people in wheel chairs because not all stone paths meet the definition of firm and stable. Asphalt, on the other hand, can accommodate all types of users, and even though initial construction costs are higher, it lasts longer and requires less annual maintenance.

In order to preserve the asphalt, consideration should be

given to using an oil sealant right after construction. One Shared-Use Path popular product is a bio based / soy bean product called Lafayette, IN RePlay. Regular treatment will help to keep the asphalt from becoming dry and rigid which can lead to failure and cracking. See the Shared-Use Path Maintenance Section for further recommendation.

7-81 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

SHARED-USE PATH SUPPORT FACILITIES: Providing accessibility to all users at key locations throughout the town is important to the success of each shared-use path. Along with accessibility, users require that the path have certain facilities to meet the needs of its use. These support facilities can be broken down into four categories: major trailheads, shared use trail heads, minor trail heads, and community access points. In addition to these public facilities, partnerships should be developed between the community and local businesses to provide secure bicycle parking and

other path support facilities as a part of their building or Major Trailhead Example - Erie Lackawanna Trail property. This will not only enhance their business but it will Griffith, Indiana also enhance the opportunities given to the path users.

Major Trailheads: Major trailheads provide the greatest amount of amenities to path users and are recognizable points of access. They are like mini-parks alongside the path that may include parking areas, shelters, restrooms, drinking fountains, benches, trash receptacles, picnic tables, bicycle racks, path signage, corridor access, and landscaping.

Due to the scope and type of facilities normally required for a major trailhead, it can be difficult to locate them within the Major Trailhead Example - C&O Trail Merrillville, Indiana narrow constraints of a shared-use corridor. Typically it is necessary to find parcels of land adjacent to the corridor for development. These can be community-owned, such as parks or street right-of-way, or privately-owned properties that are created and operated with the owner’s cooperation. These usually require the development of all new amenities for users’ needs.

Major Trailhead Example - C&O Trail Merrillville, Indiana

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-82 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Shared Use Trailheads: Shared use trailheads are similar to major trailheads except they share amenities with other existing or potential uses. They are usually city owned and in many cases need only to have their amenities slightly upgraded in order to meet path users’ needs. These trailheads may or may not have existing shelters. This trailhead should be easily accessible from the path, and include amenities such as trash receptacles, bicycle racks, and benches. Shared Use Trailhead Example - Twigg Rest Park Terre Haute, Indiana

Minor Trailheads: Minor trailheads are similar to major trailheads in that they provide amenities to serve shared-use path users, but on a smaller scale. They usually occur more frequently and can be situated within the trail right-of-way. Minor trailheads are located between major trailheads and at certain path intersections. Minor trailheads may provide benches, trash receptacles, bicycle racks, landscaping and signage, but usually will not provide parking.

Shared Use Trailhead Example - Friendship Gardens Plainfield, Indiana Community Access Points: The last type of shared-use path support facility is the community access point, which provides a minimal amount of amenities such as a trail directory sign or wayfinding sign and a connector path. It is the most frequently occurring type of support facility and provides citizens of adjacent neighborhoods access to the path. Community access points simply provide an informal and direct access between community and trail much like the driveway connects to the street.

Minor Trailhead Example - Clear Creek Trail They are important in fostering a community’s adoption of the Bloomington, Indiana path and getting users to respect the rights of private property owners by establishing designated points of access.

Locations of community access points should be determined in consultation with adjacent landowners and through the selection of logical places to enter the right-of-way from surrounding communities.

7-83 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

SHARED US PATH - STREET INTERSECTION DESIGN: Intersection design for shared use-paths should be based upon sound “engineering judgment” at each intersection and each should be treated individually as each has unique characteristics. Uniformity in the use of traffic control devices is critical to encourage proper and predictable behavior by shared-use path users. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) shall be followed for size, shape, color and placement of signs on both the path and the street. In addition, coordination with the City should ensure the proper design and layout of traffic Example of a Street Crossing on the Monon Trail control devices necessary to warn vehicular traffic on public Carmel, Indiana streets of path crossings. The North American Cities and Towns Organization (NACTO) Urban Bikeway Design Guide can also be consulted for unique situations.

All street crossings will occur as at-grade. Traffic will have the right-of-way and path users, at most crossings, will have to stop.

The team devised three different types of street crossing treatments to deal with the various at-grade crossings throughout the city. The following treatments are minimum recommendations.

At-Grade Road Crossing - Level 1: • Used on local roads with a maximum of two lanes. Speed limit should be under 40 mph and a gap study should be done to assess user risk at the crossing. • Warning Signs of an upcoming intersection will be placed on Example of an At-grade Crossing Level 1 - the roadway based upon MUTCD standards. ‘Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities’ - • No Motor Vehicles signs placed facing the street at all path AASHTO 1999 intersections • Stop sign along the path placed approximately 10 feet from the edge of the street. • Crosswalk pavement markings at crossing point. • “Trail Xing” markings on the roadway.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-84 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

At-Grade Road Crossing - Level 2: • Should be considered on all roads with a maximum of two lanes and speed limits over 40 mph or greater. A gap-study should be performed to assess user risk at the crossing • All treatments of a Level 1 Road Crossing apply • In addition to Level 1 treatments, at a minimum it is recommended that overhead flashers (or a rapid flashing beacon) with signage be used and that a HAWK signal be used if warranted by traffic conditions. Rapid flashing Example of an At-grade Crossing Level 2 - Monon Trail Carmel, Indiana beacons should preferably be used in combination with a motion activated warning signal. Flashers that are always on tend to be ignored or not noticed by vehicular drivers because they do not necessarily indicate that a path user is in the area.

At Grade Road Crossing - Level 3: • Should be considered on all roads where there are more than two lanes of travel to cross. A gap study should be performed to assess pedestrian risk. • All treatments of a Level 2 Crossing apply • In addition to Level 2 treatments, median refuge areas are recommended that allow path users to cross one direction Example of a Midblock Crossing Level 3 - of traffic at a time (additional street right-of-way may be “Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities’ - required) AASHTO 1999 • If, and ONLY IF, a refuge island isn’t feasible, speed tables are a secondary option.

Example of a Speed Table

7-85 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

FARM FIELD ACCESS POINTS Farm field access points may be needed along multi-use trail routes to allow large equipment to safely traverse the trails without causing damage to the asphalt pavement.

The farm field entrance detail below is a minimum guideline and the designer should work with property owners along the route to determine the number and locations of access points required and that each drive is wide enough to accommodate the equipment being used. Signs should also be placed to warn trail users of equipment crossings.

Please reference Indiana Department of Transportation Standard Drawing E610-DRIV-04 for additional guidelines. Final field entrance design and installation is subject to approval by the Hancock County Highway Department.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-86 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Access of Shared-Use Path At Public Road Crossings A public road crossing provides an opportunity to bring identity and attention to the path. It also should provide plenty of room for trail users to cross without having conflicts with other users crossing in the opposing direction. Restricting vehicular access without restricting maintenance vehicles can also be a concern. The following is a list of options to consider based upon available right-of-way.

• Option 1: Split entry with a 4 foot wide median. The plantings shall be no taller than 6 inches. This will allow for easy flow Example of a Split Entry for Trail - Munger Trail Lafayette, Indiana of trail traffic, while allowing maintenance vehicles access. See detail at left. • Option 2: Concrete node without a bollard or central median. This option should be used if the area appears to be too narrow or there is not enough right-of-way for a split entry, and the risk of motor vehicles entering the path is low. • Option 3: Concrete node with bollard. If the area appears to be too narrow and it is believed that public vehicles might try to access the trail in that area, a bollard should be added. The bollard should be easy to collapse or remove and only used when absolutely necessary, as the bollard itself is an obstacle for path users to negotiate around. See the Site Furnishings section for bollard types. Example of a Concrete Node Entry without Bollards

Example of a Bollard Location and Striping - ‘Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities’ - AASHTO 1999

Example of a Concrete Node Entry with Bollard

7-87 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

RAILROAD / SHARED-USE PATH INTERSECTION DESIGN Due to the speed of train travel, sight distance needed to stop a train, and regulatory stipulations, it is recommended that proposed railroad crossings occur at existing road crossings wherever possible. If an existing road crossing is not available then a bridge or tunnel may have to be utilized. Railroad crossings will follow the guidelines established in the Federal Highway Administration’s ‘Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing Handbook – 2nd Edition FHWA-TS-86-215’, AASHTO, the MUTCD, and the requirements and specifications of the individual railroad companies.

It is advised to abide by the following treatments as a minimum Existing Rubber Panel, Rail Crossing - Amtrak Rail Line Michigan City, Indiana for railroad crossings: • A rubber panel crossing will be used with an asphalt approach. • A railroad warning sign shall be placed a minimum of 115 feet from the nearest rail • A Crossbuck sign will be placed 15 feet from the nearest rail and shall have a sign denoting number of track crossings. • Where there are existing gate arms, a new pedestrian gate shall be placed if the path must go outside the post. • A 24-inch stop bar will be placed approximately 15 feet from the nearest rail. • The shared-use path will have a minimum 45 degree skew from the center line of the rail with 90 degrees being desirable. • The path’s pavement width will be widened to 14 feet. • Railroad pavement markings will be placed adjacent to the rail warning sign.

Rail Crossing Standards ‘Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities’ - AASHTO 1999

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-88 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

MUTCD (Figure 9B-3) Railroad Sign and Markings Locations for Shared-Use Paths MUTCD (Figure 10D-3 and 10D-4) Typical Gate Arm Placement in Relation to Paths

MUTCD (Figure 8B-3) Pavement Markings for Rail Grade Crossings MUTCD (Figure 8B-1) Rail Grade Crossing Crossbuck

7-89 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

SHARED-USE PATH SIGNAGE There are many different issues to consider in the design of signs for a shared-use path. Signs along the system will need to serve a variety of purposes, including: providing traffic control along the path, alerting users to potential hazards, identifying path access points, providing historic information, providing educational information, indicating path distance, and providing orientation on the path and to surrounding communities.

Signs will need to be located so they are legible to path users and must be constructed in methods and materials that are somewhat vandal resistant and easy to maintain.

The need for different types of signs must be balanced with the idea of creating a visually pleasing landscape in which to use the shared-use path. The paths will feature a system of signage to clearly communicate a variety of messages in a graphically consistent manner. The signage system is divided into the following categories: Shared-Use Path Traffic Signs, Shared-Use Path Identity Signs, Shared-Use Path Guidance and Interpretive Signs, and Mile Markers.

Shared-Use Path Traffic Signs: The shared-use path system will be a transportation corridor and, therefore, must have recognizable transportation signs that follow MUTCD guidelines. The shared-use path traffic signs will include regulatory and warning signs, such as: STOP, YIELD, and TRAIL NARROWS signs.

The design of the shared-use path traffic signs should be consistent from path to path Signs can have graphic information on one or both sides, reducing the overall number of signs needed. Signs should be placed 3 feet from the path’s edge and be mounted at a height of 5 feet.

If the shared-use path is parallel with a roadway, “Yield To Trail Users” signage should be placed to warn motorists when turning that pedestrians and bicyclists may be crossing the roadway or drive intersection. This provides added safety for both the motorist and pedestrian.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-90 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Shared-Use Path Identity Signs: The shared-use path system will have numerous points of access. It is important that these points of entry be identified for the public in an appropriate and consistent manner. The shared-use path identity sign is intended to serve two functions: identify the main entry points to the path, and establish for the public a consistent and lasting identity for the path. By selecting a consistent treatment for each path it will help the user to know which route they are currently on. Each sign should be designed to incorporate a unique feature of each path. The city park’s logo should be incorporated into each sign and the identity sign should follow the same color scheme as the route it is representing. The identity sign should be 9 feet to the bottom of the sign, minimum, to provide visibility and clearance. The signs should be visible by the public at the shared-use path and street intersections and at other significant access points.

Shared-Use Path Guidance & Interpretive Signs: Along the path, there should be several different types of signs that provide the user with guidance information such as points of interest, path support facilities, and orientation.

Shared-use path guidance signs can be placed into two different categories. One type would be a directory sign which would show the path users how they can reach key destination points within the entire community. This sign would give an overall view of the entire shared-use path system and would need to be 30” x 42” in size to show enough detail. There should be a consistent layout for all these signs so they match and give a cohesive design throughout the system. Directory signs would typically be placed at major trailheads or key path access points.

The second type of guidance sign is a wayfinding sign. This type of sign is a map indicating amenities that are within close proximity to your current location on the path. These signs should be located at intersecting routes. A wayfinding sign should be no larger than 24” x 36”, but at a scale that shows much more detail than the directory signs. The image located at the top of the next page represents an example of this type of sign.

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Interpretive signs are another type of sign that provide educational information to path users and enhance their experience. These signs help to convey the historical, cultural, or ecological significance of certain points along the path. Examples would be the importance of protecting wetlands or water bodies, geological formations unique to the area, or a historically significant feature within the community.

With all these functions, the materials that the signs are made of must be flexible enough to incorporate a variety of graphic information and, yet, be consistent in appearance and presentation. It is recommended that a high pressure laminate be used for the directory, wayfinding, and interpretive signs. High pressure laminates provide high quality graphics and longevity at a reasonable price. A ½ inch thick sign should be employed to avoid the use of a frame. A high pressure laminate sign has a very clean print, has a low replacement cost, and resists shattering, and typically has a warranty period of 10 years. The interpretive signs and guidance signs should be mostly conveyed graphically, with minimal text and at a size that is at a comfortable height.

Mile Markers: Mile markers provide orientation for the path users and emergency personnel as well as traveled distance along the path. Distance should be marked in quarter-mile intervals or less by transverse pavement markings placed directly on top of the path. Information included on the markers should be distance in miles and each trails logo. The top mile marker image to the right shows a type that is easily readable and reduces conflicts during routine maintenance such as mowing.

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SITE FURNISHINGS In addition to signage, the design of the shared-use path system will include site furnishings to accommodate the needs of the path users along the length of the entire route. Amenities such as benches, informal seating areas, trash receptacles, bicycle racks, and bollards will be clustered together at major, minor, and shared-use trailheads.

Locations of amenities along paths will depend on the characteristics of each path segment and should be addressed on a case by case situation. The purpose of most shared-use paths is to move people between various locations and for recreation. As such people are less likely to stop in between access points. Benches generally should be located at overlook points along paths where appropriate and where enough right-of-way exists. Paths located in sections of the city where there is a more elderly population or where there might be a need for people to stop more frequently may require benches to be placed in between access points. Paths located near hospitals may need to have benches placed more frequently if the hospital plans to use the route for rehabilitation programs.

Along with path signage, site furniture will be among the most frequently utilized elements along the path, setting the tone for the overall image of the path system in the minds of the users. It is important that design standards for the paths’ site furnishings be established to ensure overall consistency of design and path image. The colors should be consistent with the route color scheme that the furnishing is located along. Along with consistency of color, a consistent style of furnishings needs to be established and followed as paths begin to be constructed. Establishing a color and style to use throughout the path it will minimize the amount of cost for the City because replacement parts can be stockpiled for one style of bench instead of five styles. See the following product information for consistency in site furnishings.

For federally funded projects it will be important to use the information in this document to complete the proprietary selection form.

7-93 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Benches: • Minimum of 6 feet long • Color and style should match other amenities along the trail for a cohesive look • Arm rests should be provided to help those that are more physically challenged • A backrest should be provided to help those that are more physically challenged • Powder or plastisol coating should be applied to reduce maintenance • Option: Center Arm can be provided to keep people from sleeping on the bench • The bench must have a firm and stable pad underneath it and provide a 3 foot wide area for a wheelchair to sit next to it

Trash Receptacle: • Color and style shall match benches and other amenities to help with cohesion • Minimum size of 32 gallons to reduce emptying • A flare top lid will help to keep water from collecting in the trash bag • A liner helps to reduce leaking of refuse on to surrounding surfaces • The receptacle must have a firm and stable access path to it

Bicycle Rack: • 36” Bike Loop • Color: Color to be based on designated trail color • Installation: In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions • Style: Loop (supports bicycle in two spots)

Bollard: • Use: Only in problem areas where motorized vehicle access seems to be more prevalent • Collapsible is preferred to allow access for maintenance or emergency vehicles • Color to match other amenities for cohesion

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-94 FINAL PLAN: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Drinking Fountain: • Color: To match other amenities for cohesion • Installation: In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions • Style: Two fountain heights with one fountain ADA accessible and dog bowl fountain • The fountain must have a firm and stable access path to it

SHARED-USE PATH LANDSCAPING The shared-use path system, due to its overall length and diverse scenery, may require more landscaping in urban areas and less in rural areas. The presence of mature vegetative cover not only adds to the natural beauty of the path experience, but also minimizes the amount of new landscaping necessary to improve the appearance of the path system and screening of the path from undesirable views and adverse adjacent path conditions.

In areas along the path where the appearance warrants improvement and no existing vegetation is present, plantings of trees, shrubs and ground cover should be considered to create a linear park effect alongside the route. New plantings should also be used to identify and improve “entrances” to parks (trail access points) and street crossings.

In addition, plantings should be used to screen certain land uses adjacent to the corridor (such as business service areas and industrial sites) and to separate the path from other improvements within the right-of-way (such as parking lots). Native plant material should be used where possible in an effort to keep landscape maintenance to a minimum and to maximize the ecological benefits of the plantings.

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SHARED-USE PATH LIGHTING The installation of security lighting at trailheads, road crossings, bridges, and other activity areas should be considered if conditions warrant. Should conditions deem lighting to be necessary, there should be a standard lighting choice throughout all of the system.

SHARED-USE PATH MAINTENANCE ISSUES AND SAFETY Maintenance costs are expected to be a minimum for the first 5-10 years. Costs will vary depending on the amount of paths needing to be maintained and the location of the paths. On a typical mile- long trail, maintenance could cost approximately $3,000 per year. Long term maintenance costs could consist of repairing any asphalt damage. Over 20 years it could be anticipated to spend approximately $10,000 to $20,000 on asphalt repair. The city or parks department should have a general maintenance fund set aside for this. Below is a list of general system maintenance items to keep in mind during the upkeep of the shared-use paths: • Treat any wooden railing at least every 5 years to keep from rotting • Properly prune trees above trails and shoulders to maintain 12 feet of vertical clearance. • Properly prune trees and shrubs to maintain at least 5 feet of horizontal clearance from trail pavement edge. Use horticultural accepted pruning techniques and do not “top” trees (do not cut mid branch). Improper pruning can put stress on trees and cause more harm to the public in the long run. • Properly prune any dead limbs out of trees to protect trail users. Remove any existing trees within close proximity that may die over time to protect trail users. • Perform routine maintenance: mowing, clearing, trimming, vandalism repair, and litter control. • Edge pavement or shoulder periodically to prevent roots/ vegetation from compromising pavement. • Seal cracks in pavement every 2 years to prevent debris build up, water from entering base, and continued deterioration. Rubberized sealant is recommended • Consider using a seal coat every 4 years to arrest deterioration, prevent water filtration, restore oils to upper surface, and prevent loss of fines.

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Path maintenance costs could be reduced by utilizing local volunteers and other programs for simple tasks like litter removal and storm clean-up. A full time employee could be the designated volunteer coordinator and help manage resources and efforts. The Cardinal Greenway is a good example of where a volunteer system has been used to reduce maintenance costs and would be a good resource for how to make one successful. Also, youth scouting organizations, community corrections programs, community service programs, and youth programs could be utilized to do these tasks. More stringent repairs, like sealing asphalt and repairing cracks should still be handled with city forces or a contractor.

Another area where volunteers can help reduce cost is through regular patrols of the shared-use path systems. Since many path users will use the system daily for recreational or commuting needs, they can monitor any unwanted behavior simultaneously. Their responsibility would not be to address any unwanted behavior, but rather report it immediately to the proper authorities. In this way, the program can help to reduce the number of law enforcement officers that would need to be dedicated to the trail system and the need to install call boxes along the trails. Examples for places to find local volunteers would be local bicycle clubs, avid cyclists, alternative transportation advocates, etc.

ACCESSIBILITY As mentioned previously, all new path construction must follow guidelines developed by the US Access Board or regulations from the US Department of Justice. At the time this document was created there were several guidelines that applied: 1) Guidelines for Shared Use Paths; 2) Guidelines for Outdoor Developed Areas; and 3) Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of- Ways.

Some of these accessibility standards have already been addressed in other sections of the design guidelines, but there are a few others to consider: • Ramps – See Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Ways • Detectable warnings – See ADA Chapter 7: Communication Elements and Features, Section 705 and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Ways • Push buttons (activation)/signalization standards – See Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Ways • Site amenities – See Accessibility Guidelines for Outdoor Developed Areas

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PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES While the plan does not propose specific pedestrian only facilities, the proposed facilities do connect to pedestrian facilities in Wilkinson and Shirley. Below are some basic design treatments that these pedestrian only facilities should follow as outlined in the AASHTO Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operations of Pedestrian Facilities.

1. Crosswalks shall have “piano bar” striping to provide more visibility 2. Intersection Treatments a. Install refuge islands where the width of the lanes to be crossed is greater than 75 feet or a pedestrian walking at 2.5 feet/second cannot completely cross the street during a signalized walk cycle. b. Consider bump outs at intersections where on-street parking is present to lessen the crossing distance c. Mid-block crossings should consider Hawk signalization 3. Street trees should be planted a maximum of 40 feet apart. Street trees should have the following characteristics a. Non-invasive varieties b. Vase shaped as to not impede pedestrian or vehicular traffic c. Maximum height of 40 feet d. Maximum width of 20-25 feet 4. Tree grates should be considered to give street trees a maximum root zone, while not impeding the pedestrian walking area. This will help to cut down on tree roots heaving the existing walks as well 5. Install a downtown pedestrian support facility including the following: a. Benches for resting b. Trash receptacles c. Trees for shade d. Pedestrian directory signs e. Drinking fountain f. Pet waste disposal g. Bike racks h. Public art 6. Countdown crosswalk signals with auditory warning 7. More trash receptacles 8. More benches for resting a. Benches should have arm rests and back rests to help those people that are more physically challenged

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BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN PROGRAMS Moving Hancock County into a bicycle and pedestrian friendly community will need to be supported through programs and policies. Programs will be used to support and continue efforts in making the County safe for all non-motorized modes of transportation. The programs and policies for this plan will be based upon Education, Engineering, Encouragement, Evaluation, and Enforcement.

Each strategy is presented in a table format. The key for the programs and policies table is located below.

Key Priority High (H) These strategies need to happen first (before others), are urgent, or are high-impact Medium (M) These strategies are important, but may require planning and capacity-building Low (L) These strategies are long-term or will have lesser impact Partners Many public agencies and community stakeholders have a role in improving walking and biking safety. Identified partners include: HC Hancock County TC Town of Cumberland TF Town of Fortville CG City of Greenfield TM Town of McCordsville TN Town of New Palestine TS Town of Shirley TW Town of Wilkinson HH Hancock Health HCT Hancock County Tourism and Visitors Center HCC Hancock County Community Foundation PT Pennsy Trails of Hancock County, Inc. LLE Local Law Enforcement Timeline Short-term (S) These strategies will take up to three years Mid-term (M) These strategies will take four to seven years Long-term (L) These strategies will take more than seven years Cost $ These strategies are low-cost and can be implemented with relative ease $$ These strategies need funding beyond what is readily available through jurisdictions and partners $$$ These strategies require capital funding or significant, coordinated fund development

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Education The education component of the plan addresses knowledge and skills-based information and training for people of all ages and abilities. At the community level, this work begins with bicycle and pedestrian safety education as a routine part of school-based curricula. Community organizations, businesses, and other partners can offer options for older youth and adults, by hosting lunch and learn events, sponsoring walks, or offering on-bike training opportunities.

It is also vital that motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians are aware of their rights and responsibilities on the road, which can be accomplished through public outreach and education campaigns that promote shared responsibility for safety. Driver education and awareness can and should be elevated through targeted outreach mechanisms, such as formal inclusion on BMV tests and registration materials; partnerships with the American Automobile Association (AAA) and other motor clubs; roadside or parking area message boards; and other everyday venues such as businesses and community organizations.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-100 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

EDU - 1. Strategy: Conduct a “Share the Road” campaign through various means • Establish messages and information to be shared • Create and provide educational materials (see table below) Activities and Tasks • Distribute information through community partners • Reach motorists through car dealerships, repair shops, etc. • What materials were developed? Evaluation Examples • How many people were reached? • How many partners participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH, PT, LLE Resources Education Campaigns - Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/educa- tion_campaigns.cfm Street Smart: http://www.bestreetsmart.net/ Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Education and Outreach - Federal Highway Administration: https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/education/

EDU -2. Strategy: Conduct basic biking and walking skills classes for students in schools • Identify or develop resources and materials (curricula, lesson plans, presentations, etc.) • Deliver walking and bicycling skills classes within the school Activities and Tasks setting • Provide materials on walking and biking safety to adults (staff, parents, etc.) • How many students received training? Evaluation Examples • How many people were reached? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources National Center for Safe Routes to School: www.saferoutesinfo.org Safe Routes to School National Partnership: http://www.saferoutespartnership.org/ Bikeology Curriculum and Parent Guide – SHAPE America: http://www.shapeamerica.org/publications/resources/teachingtools/qualitype/bicycle_curri culum.cfm

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EDU-3. Strategy: Provide “share the road” training to county/city/town staff, school bus operators, and other professional drivers • Train professional drivers, particularly those of large vehicles Activities and Tasks (school bus, transit, delivery, and other commercial trucks) • Partner with driver training schools and instructors • How many classes were taught? Evaluation Examples • How many people were trained? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Large Vehicle Urban Driving Safety Program - San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency: https://www.sfmta.com/projects-planning/projects/large-vehicle-urban-driving-safety- program

EDU-4. Strategy: Establish and maintain a website to distribute and gather information on trails • Determine responsible group for website Activities and Tasks • Develop website content • Promote website • Was a website created? Evaluation Examples • How many visitors to the website? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HT Resources Fort Wayne Trails: https://www.fwtrails.org

EDU -5. Strategy: Host bicycle maintenance classes for children and adults • Identify partners from bike shops or other bike maintenance experts Activities and Tasks • Develop or identify resources and materials • Deliver bicycle maintenance classes in a variety of settings, such as through schools or parks and recreation departments • How many classes were taught? Evaluation Examples • How many people were trained? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources Adult Classes – Cascade Bicycle Club: https://www.cascade.org/learn/adult-classes

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EDU-6. Strategy: Offer basic adult cycling skills classes • Deliver bicycling skills classes Activities and Tasks • Certify community-based League of American Bicyclist Cycling Instructors (LCI) • How many trainings were conducted? Evaluation Examples • How many people were trained? • How many LCIs are in the county? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources How to Educate Pedestrians and Bicyclists - Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/education.cfm Smart Cycling – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/ridesmart League Cycling Instructors (LCIs) – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/become-instructor

EDU-7. Strategy: Provide routine bicycle skills and in-traffic cycling courses to city planners and engineers • Identify a skilled cycling instructor, preferably a League Certified Instructor (LCI) Activities and Tasks • Identify or develop resources and materials • Deliver cycling classes • How many people were trained? Evaluation Examples • How many communities participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Smart Cycling – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/ridesmart League Cycling Instructors (LCIs) – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/become-instructor

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EDU-8. Strategy: Offer advanced cycling training, i.e., traffic skills training, for adults • Deliver bicycling skills classes Activities and Tasks • Certify community-based League of American Bicyclist Cycling Instructors (LCI) • How many trainings were conducted? Evaluation Examples • How many people were trained? • How many LCIs are in the county? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources How to Educate Pedestrians and Bicyclists - Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/education.cfm Smart Cycling – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/ridesmart League Cycling Instructors (LCIs) – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/become-instructor

EDU-9. Strategy: Create walking and bicycling street-teams to provide education at events or along existing trails • Provide safety information Activities and Tasks • Distribute materials, lights, stickers, etc. • Celebrate active transportation and safety • How many events were attended? Evaluation Examples • How many materials were distributed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCT, PT Resources Bicycling Ambassadors – Chicago Complete Streets: http://chicagocompletestreets.org/safety/education/ Bike Walk Ambassadors – Bike Walk Nashville: https://www.walkbikenashville.org/ambassadors

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EDU-10. Strategy: Create a ticket diversion program that offers education on sharing the road and bicycle/pedestrian laws • Work with law enforcement officers to establish guidelines Activities and Tasks for program Evaluation Examples • How many people participated in the diversion program? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Bicycle/Pedestrian Safety Diversion Program – Pima County: http://www.ezazbikeped.com

EDU-11.Strategy: Hold bicycle commuting workshops for those interested in biking to work • Work with employers in the county to identify needs Activities and Tasks • Develop resources and materials • Deliver bicycle commuting workshops • How many workshops were held? Evaluation Examples • How many people attended workshops? • How many people are commuting by bike? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources Bicycle Commuting Workshops – UC Santa Cruz: https://projectclearinghouse.ucsc.edu/bicycle-commuting-workshops

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Engineering

Engineering strategies create the built environment that makes biking and walking safe, convenient, and comfortable. This starts with establishing design standards and training public agency staff on best practices in bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure design. The adoption of Complete Streets policies in the county and each community will ensure that bicycle and pedestrian accommodations are considered on every roadway project. These steps will ensure that bicyclists and pedestrians become an integral part of the transportation system moving forward.

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ENG-1. Strategy: Establish or adopt street design standards for bicycle and pedestrian facilities • Review current design standards, tools and practices • Research available design resources, guidance Activities and Tasks • Adapt existing standards or develop new standards • Adopt standards for use • How many updates to ordinances and planning documents Evaluation Examples occurred? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $ TN, TS, TW Resources Accommodating Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel: A Recommended Approach – Federal Highway Administration: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/guidance/design.cfm Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks – Federal Highway Administration: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/publications/small_towns/fhwa hep17024_lg.pdf Urban Bikeway Design Guide – National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO): http://nacto.org/publication/urban-bikeway-design-guide/ Urban Street Design Guide – NACTO: http://nacto.org/publication/urban-street-design- guide/

ENG-2. Strategy: Establish dedicated funding for bicycle and pedestrian projects, including non-infrastructure activities • Identify and/or commit new revenue sources • Develop sidewalk cost-sharing tools Activities and Tasks • Establish a sidewalk revolving loan fund • Establish a maintenance fund Evaluation Examples • How much funding was dedicated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$$ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCC Resources How Do We Pay for Sidewalks (and Other Infrastructure)? – Mark Fenton: www.markfenton.com/resources/Side- walkFundingSummryFenton.pdf Maps & Tools – Transportation for America: http://t4america.org/maps-tools/

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ENG-3. Strategy: Update zoning ordinances, including, but not limited to: development standards, bicycle parking, sidewalk/ADA improvements, sidewalk clearance (snow, vegetation, debris) • Review existing zoning ordinances • Research best practices, guidance, model language Activities and Tasks • Develop new/updated language, policies • Adopt new/updated ordinances Evaluation Examples • How many zoning ordinances were updated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Pedestrian Friendly Code Directory – Change Lab Solutions: http://www.changelabsolutions.org/publications/pfc-directory Getting the Wheels Rolling: A Guide to Using Policy to Create Bicycle Friendly Communities – Change Lab Solutions: http://www.changelabsolutions.org/sites/default/files/Getting_the_Wheels_Rolling_Toolkit- FINAL_20130823_0.pdf Planning and Zoning for Health in the Built Environment – American Planning Association: https://planning-org-up-loaded-media.s3.amazonaws.com/document/EIP38.pdf

ENG-4. Strategy: Adopt Complete Streets policies • Hold partner and community conversations • Research Complete Streets policies, including model language Activities and Tasks • Develop model language • Secure commitment from elected officials • Adopt ordinances • Were Complete Streets policies adopted? Evaluation Examples • What implementation measures will be evaluated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources National Complete Streets Coalition: http://completestreets.com/ Indiana Complete Streets Coalition: http://healthbydesignonline.org/IndianaCompleteStreetsCampaign.html The Best Complete Streets Initiatives of 2017 – National Complete Streets Coalition: https://smartgrowthamerica.org/resources/best-complete-streets-initiatives-2017/

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ENG-5. Strategy: Establish a wayfinding system for biking and walking • Research wayfinding options, messages Activities and Tasks • Identify and prioritize locations • Fund system Implement system Evaluation Examples • How many wayfinding signs were installed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Bike Route Wayfinding Signage and Markings System – National Association of Transportation Officials: http://nacto.org/publication/urban-bikeway-design-guide/bikeway- signing-marking/bike-route-wayfinding-signage-and-markings-system/ Bicycle Wayfinding – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/planning/facilities_bike_wayfinding.cfm Pathways to Better Community Wayfinding – CDC Healthy Aging Research Network: http://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/livable-communities/documents- 2014/Pathways%20to%20Better%20Community%20Wayfinding-AARP.pdf Walk Your City: https://walkyourcity.org

ENG-6. Strategy: Improve communication and coordination within and across public agencies and departments, including, but not limited to: municipal departments, public boards, INDOT, utility providers, etc., for purposes of building and enhancing trails • Identify all relevant groups, stakeholders • Convene meetings Identify issues Activities and Tasks • Establish processes, systems for communication and coordination • How many meetings were held? Evaluation Examples • How many agencies and departments participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Guide to Successful Local Government Collaboration in America’s Regions – The National League of Cities: http://icma.org/en/icma/knowledge_network/documents/kn/Document/301761/Guide_to_ Successful_Local_Government_Collaboration_in_Americas_Regions Best Practices and Leading Practices in Collaboration – US Government Accountability Office: http://www.gao.gov/key_issues/leading_practices_collaboration/issue_summary Connecting State and Local Government: Collaboration through Trust and Leadership – National Association of State Chief Information Officers: http://www.nascio.org/Portals/0/Publications/Documents/NASCIO- Cross%20BoundaryNov2007.pdf

7-109 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES ENG-7. Strategy: Create a Complete Streets checklist to ensure policy standards are met • Review Complete Streets policy language once adopted • Identify systems and procedures impacted • Establish checklist for decision-making, project Activities and Tasks management • Assign staff responsibility for implementation • Offer public accountability/ transparency • Was a checklist created? Evaluation Examples • How many projects followed the checklist? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Indiana Complete Streets Campaign: http://healthbydesignonline.org/IndianaCompleteStreetsCampaign.html Complete Streets Implementation – National Complete Streets Coalition: https://smartgrowthamerica.org/program/national-complete-streets-coalition/completestreets-implementation/ Complete Streets Checklist – City of Seattle: http://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/SDOT/PlanningProgram/CompSt_Checklist .pdf

ENG-8. Strategy: Establish and follow preferred construction management practices, including, but not limited to: ensuring maintenance of pedestrian and bicycle traffic during construction and inspection of projects to ensure design and construction standards are met • Research standards from other communities • Develop construction standards Activities and Tasks • Adopt construction practices into appropriate code(s) • Develop system to ensure standards are being followed • Were standards adopted? Evaluation Examples • How many projects followed standards? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Accommodating Bicyclists and Pedestrians in Construction Zones – City of Oakland, CA: http://www2.oaklandnet.com/oakca1/groups/pwa/documents/memorandum/oak062315.p df

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-110 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

ENG-9. Strategy: Develop and use an asset management tool (including bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure) • Research existing and potential asset management tools and processes Activities and Tasks • Select tool and processes to be used • Assign staff responsibility for tool use and maintenance • Establish baseline information Evaluation Examples • Was asset management tool developed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Asset Management – Federal Highway Administration: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/asset/ Bicycle Paths and Pedestrian Walkways – Asset Management’s Best Practices Manual: http://www.virginiadot.org/programs/resources/Asset_Mgmt_Best_Practices_Manual_BP_1 2.9.pdf

ENG-10.Strategy: Provide outside training for city planners and public works staff on current bike and pedestrian engineering standards, including AASHTO, MUTCD, and NACTO guides • Identify training needs Activities and Tasks • Hire appropriate trainer • Hold training classes • How many people attended training? Evaluation Examples • What percentage of city, town, and county staff was trained? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities – AASHTO: https://bookstore.transportation.org/item_details.aspx?ID=1943 Design Guides – NACTO: https://nacto.org/publications/design-guides/ MUTCD – Federal Highway Administration: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov

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ENG-11. Strategy: Create an online reporting tool for problem pedestrian and bicycle intersections/areas • Research similar reporting tools in other communities • Develop scope of work for tool Activities and Tasks • Create web- and/or app-based tool(s) • Implement system for addressing issues submitted to tool • Was a tool developed? Evaluation Examples • How many people used the tool? • How many issues were addressed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, PT, LLE Resources Incident Reporting Tool – RIDESolutions: https://ridesolutions.org/report

ENG-12. Strategy: Require project consultants working on bike and pedestrian projects to have appropriate qualifications • Determine appropriate qualifications for bike and pedestrian projects Activities and Tasks • Standardize qualifications to be included in scopes of work • Adopt qualifications into appropriate code(s) Evaluation Examples • Were standards created and adopted? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Trainings and Workshops – National Association of City Transportation Officials: https://nacto.org/training-and-workshops/

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-112 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

ENG-13. Strategy: Increase the number of bike parking facilities in the county by 20% • Develop inventory of current bike parking facilities • Identify needs, locations Activities and Tasks • Secure funding • Purchase and install racks • Create bike parking requirements for new developments Evaluation Examples • How many bike racks were installed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Bicycle Parking Guidelines – Association of Bicycle and Pedestrian Professionals: http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.apbp.org/resource/resmgr/Bicycle_Parking/EssentialsofBike Parking_FINA.pdf Making a Place for Bicycles: Using Bicycle Parking Laws to Support Health, Business, and the Environment – Change Lab Solutions: http://www.changelabsolutions.org/sites/default/files/Bike- Parking_FactSheet_FINAL_20130904.pdf

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Encouragement

Encouragement contributes to a strong active transportation culture by promoting and celebrating walking and biking. This can be achieved through participation in Bike Month activities, Walk/Bike to School Days, organized weekly and/or monthly walks, and promoting walk- and bike-friendly routes and businesses. Investing in public bike sharing systems and internal fleets is another convenient and cost-effective way to encourage people to make short trips by bike.

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ENC-1. Strategy: Create bicycle and pedestrian maps • Identify routes and destinations to include on map • Secure funding Activities and Tasks • Print map and make available on website or app • Maintain and update maps • How many maps were distributed? Evaluation Examples • How many visits to the map website or app? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Indy Ride Guide 2.0 – IndyCog: https://indycog.org/indy-ride-guide-20 Minneapolis Walking Routes for Youth – City of Minneapolis: http://wwwdocs.minneapolismn.gov/walkmap/index.html Fort Wayne Trails Map: http://fwtrails.org/files/page/FWT010-Trail%20Map%202018- MAP%20ONLY.pdf

ENC-2. Strategy: Encourage community placemaking initiatives that promote biking and walking • Activate public spaces Activities and Tasks • Make neighborhood-scale improvements • How many activities were held? Evaluation Examples • What changes were made? • How many places were made? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HCT, HCC Resources What is Placemaking? – Project for Public Spaces: www.pps.org/reference/what_is_placemaking/ The Scenic Route: Getting Started with Creative Placemaking and Transportation – Transportation for America: http://creativeplacemaking.t4america.org Tactical Urbanism Guide: http://www.tacticalurbanismguide.com 101 Ways you Can Improve your Community – Curbed: http://www.curbed.com/2016/9/22/13019420/urban-design-community-building- placemaking

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ENC-3. Strategy: Promote biking and walking to community events • Encourage travel by walking, biking, or transit Activities and Tasks • Offer incentives • Provide temporary bicycle parking • How many people arrived by walking or biking? Evaluation Examples • Was bike parking provided? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Guide to Organizing a Bicycle Event – League of Michigan Bicyclists: http://www.lmb.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=254&Itemid=255 Bike Valet Parking – Bike Collective Wiki: https://www.bikecollectives.org/wiki/index.php?title=Valet_Bike_Parking

ENC-4. Strategy: Hold Bike and Walk to School days • Identify schools to host Bike/Walk to School Days • Provide materials on walking and biking safety to adults (staff, Activities and Tasks parents, etc.) • Establish ‘park and walk’ or ‘remote drop-off’ locations • Promote Bike/Walk to School Days • How many schools participate in Walk/Bike to School Day? Evaluation Examples • How many students participate in Walk/Bike to School Day? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HH, LLE Resources National Walk and Bike to School Day – National Center for Safe Routes to School: www.walkbiketoschool.org

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ENC-5. Strategy: Promote a county-led casual ride once per year to promote awareness • Establish date for ride Activities and Tasks • Determine route • Vary route each year to highlight all communities Evaluation Examples • How many people participated in the ride? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources Guide to Organizing a Bicycle Event – League of Michigan Bicyclists: http://www.lmb.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=254&Itemid=255 Guide to Fundraising Rides – Alliance for Biking & Walking: http://www.peoplepoweredmovement.org/pdf/RideGuide2ndEdition.pdf

ENC-6. Strategy: Create bicycling and walking clubs for adults • Identify leaders for bicycling and walking clubs Activities and Tasks • Create a schedule for club meetings • Hold club walks and rides • How many rides or walks were held? Evaluation Examples • How many people participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCT, PT Resources Start or Join a Walking Club – American Heart Association: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/PhysicalActivity/Walking/Start-or-Join-a- Walking-Club_UCM_460019_Article.jsp#.V8SkbTelfkw Start a Walking Group – Create the Good: http://createthegood.org/toolkit/start-walking- group Central Indiana Bicycling Association: https://www.cibaride.org

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ENC-7. Strategy: Create on-trail programming (scavenger hunts, story walks, etc.) on existing trails • Participate in Bike Month activities Activities and Tasks • Partner with other community organizations • How many activities/events were held? Evaluation Examples • How many people participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HCT, PT Resources Guide to Organizing a Bicycle Event – League of Michigan Bicyclists: http://www.lmb.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=254&Itemid=255 Guide to Fundraising Rides – Alliance for Biking & Walking: http://www.peoplepoweredmovement.org/pdf/Ride- Guide2ndEdition.pdf Programming Archives – Project for Public Spaces: http://www.pps.org/reference/reference- categories/parks-articles/programming/ How Cities Use Parks for Arts and Cultural Programs – American Planning Association: https://www.planning.org/cityparks/briefingpapers/arts.htm

ENC-8.Strategy: Start a bicycle share program • Research bike-share options Activities and Tasks • Identify and approach partners • Fund program Establish program Maintain program • How many bike share bikes and/or stations were Evaluation Examples implemented? • How many rides were taken on bike share bikes? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$$ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCC, HCT, PT Resources The Bike Share Planning Guide – Institute for Transportation and Development Policy: https://www.itdp.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/ITDP_Bike_Share_Planning_Guide.pdf Bike Share Station Siting Guide – National Association of City Transportation Officials: https://nacto.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/NACTO-Bike-Share-Siting-Guide_FINAL.pdf

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ENC-9. Strategy: Create bicycling and walking clubs for children • Work with schools and other youth-oriented organizations to identify leadership for clubs Activities and Tasks • Create schedule for walking and riding clubs • Hold club rides and walks • How many rides or walks were held? Evaluation Examples • How many people participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCT, PT Resources Walking Clubs – Fire Up Your Feet: http://fireupyourfeet.org/resources/walking-clubs Walking Programs – Action for Healthy Kids: http://www.actionforhealthykids.org/tools-for- schools/find-challenges/on-the-playground-challenges/1221-walking-programs Start a School Walking Program – Advocates for Health in Action: http://advocatesforhealthinaction.org/wp- content/uploads/2012/06/Startin_a_School_Walking_Program.pdf

ENC-10. Strategy: Start an earn-a-bike program for kids • Identify partners for program Activities and Tasks • Solicit donations of bikes • Develop materials and resources for program Evaluation Examples • How many kids participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Earn a Bike Program – International Bicycle Fund: http://www.ibike.org/encouragement/youth.htm Freewheelin’ Community Bikes: https://www.freewheelinbikes.org

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ENC-11. Strategy: Hold Bike and Walk to Work Days • Partner with employers Activities and Tasks • Identify dates for Bike and Walk to Work Days • Promote events • How many people participated? Evaluation Examples • How many employers participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources National Bike Month – The League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/bikemonth

ENC-12.Strategy: Celebrate Bike to Work Month • Partner with employers Activities and Tasks • Partner with local businesses to provide incentives to riders • Identify events and activities to celebrate Bike to Work Month • How many people participated? Evaluation Examples • How many employers participated? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources National Bike Month – The League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/bikemonth

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-120 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

ENC-13.Strategy: Work with businesses to establish a bike and/or walk commuter incentive program • Provide worksite-based education and training • Develop a local businesses/restaurant ‘frequent Activities and Tasks biker/walker’ incentive program • Establish employee incentive programs for active transportation • How many businesses participate? Evaluation Examples • How many trainings were conducted? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, TN, S $ TS, TW Resources Bicycle Friendly Districts 2.0 – People Powered Movement: http://www.peoplepoweredmovement.org/site/images/uploads/Bike_Friendly_Business_Dis tricts_Draft_3_(1).pdf Multi-Component Workplace Supports for Active Commuting – County Health Rankings: http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/policies/multi-component-workplace-supports-active- commuting Bicycle Commuter Benefit – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/bicycle-commuter-benefit

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Evaluation Evaluation activities support the monitoring and tracking of plan implementation, examining the successes and challenges of individual activities and the plan overall, and then incorporating lessons- learned in an ongoing way. Performance measures are essential and ensure that plan activities are effectively achieving intended targets and goals.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-122 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

EVAL-1. Strategy: Establish a Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee that meets at least quarterly • Research purpose, structure, function • Secure commitment/ role within city/town/ county Activities and Tasks • Identify and invite committee members • Hold kick-off meeting • Meet on ongoing basis • Was a committee established? Evaluation Examples • How often did the committee meet? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCT, HCC, PT, LLE Resources Best Practices for Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committees – Advocacy Advance: www.advocacyadvance.org/site_images/content/BPAC_Best_Practices_Report_FINAL.pdf

EVAL-2. Strategy: Review the Hancock County Trails Plan once per year to update • Convene Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee and/or Activities and Tasks Hancock Trails Plan Steering Committee yearly Evaluation Examples • Were meetings held? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S, ongoing $ TN, TS, TW, HH, HCT, HCC, PT, LLE Resources Contact consultant

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EVAL-3. Strategy: Establish an ongoing system to gather public input regarding biking and walking • Review questions from Hancock County Trails Plan public survey Activities and Tasks • Develop new questions as necessary • Distribute survey • Was the survey conducted? Evaluation Examples • What measurable changes occurred? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $ TN, TS, TW Resources Bicycle Account Guidelines: Measuring, tracking, and reporting progress to inspire better biking in your community – League of American Bicyclists: https://bikeleague.org/sites/default/files/Bicycle_Account_Guidelines.pdf

EVAL-4. Strategy: Apply to become a Bicycle Friendly Community (BFC) • Review BFC application, process • Compile data and info Complete applications Activities and Tasks • Celebrate and make improvements • Maintain designation and/or reapply • How many communities applied to become a BFC? Evaluation Examples • What level designation was awarded? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Becoming a Bicycle Friendly Community – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/communities

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EVAL-5. Strategy: Apply to become a Walk Friendly Community (WFC) • Review WFC application, process • Compile data and info Complete applications Activities and Tasks • Celebrate and make improvements • Maintain designation and/or reapply • How many communities applied to become a WFC? Evaluation Examples • What level designation was awarded? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Walk Friendly Communities: www.walkfriendly.org

EVAL-6. Strategy: Conduct pre- and post-evaluations of bicycle and pedestrian projects • Assemble multi-disciplinary team to conduct evaluations • Create standard pre- and post-evaluation documentation Activities and Tasks • Standardize timeline for pre- and post-evaluations • Create process to address any issues discovered in post- evaluations • Were evaluations completed? Evaluation Examples • How many issues discovered in post-evaluations were addressed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW Resources Audits – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/planning/tools_audits.cfm

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EVAL-7. Strategy: Establish an ongoing bicycle and pedestrian count program • Determine count locations • Create a count schedule Activities and Tasks • Recruit volunteers • Hold counts • How many count locations were established? Evaluation Examples • Where are the count locations? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, PT Resources Counting Bicyclists and Pedestrians to Inform Transportation Planning – Active Living Research: http://activelivingresearch.org/counting-bicyclists-and-pedestrians-inform- transportation-planning Counts – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/planning/tools_counts.cfm National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project: http://bikepeddocumentation.org/

EVAL-8. Strategy: Develop a Safe Routes to School plan • Conduct an audit and inventory of existing infrastructure • Collaborate with school leaders, staff, parents, community Activities and Tasks members • Develop a map to identify key routes • Prioritize projects for funding • How many audits were completed? Evaluation Examples • How many schools have a Safe Routes to School plan? • How many Safe Routes to School projects were funded? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW Resources National Center for Safe Routes to School: www.saferoutesinfo.org Indiana Safe Routes to School Partnership: http://healthbydesignonline.org/INSRTS.html Getting Started Locally – Safe Routes to School National Partnership: www.saferoutespartnership.org/local/getting-started-locally Walking and Bicycling Audits – National Center for Safe Routes to School: guide.saferoutesinfo.org/engineering/walking_and_bicycling_audits.cfm Indiana Safe Routes to School Guidebook – Indiana State Department of Health: http://www.in.gov/isdh/files/SRTS_Guidebook%202016.pdf

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EVAL-9. Strategy: Review and monitor bicycle and pedestrian crash, injury, and fatality data annually • Collaborate with law enforcement officers to develop a Activities and Tasks system to collect crash data • How many crashes involved pedestrians and bicyclists? Evaluation Examples • How many injuries occurred? • How many fatalities occurred? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HH Resources Working with Law Enforcement Officers – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/enforcement_worklawenforce.cfm Cyclist Safety Report – City of Boston: https://www.cityofboston.gov/news/uploads/16776_49_15_27.pdf Indy Walkways: http://indywalkways.org

EVAL-10.Strategy: Promote Bicycle Friendly Business (BFB) status • Review BFB requirements, process • Identify potential businesses to apply Activities and Tasks • Assist interested businesses in process & preliminary improvements • Support and promote BFBs • How many businesses are BFBs? Evaluation Examples • What level of BFB are businesses? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HCT Resources Bicycle Friendly Districts 2.0 – People Powered Movement: http://www.peoplepoweredmovement.org/site/images/uploads/Bike_Friendly_Business_Dis tricts_Draft_3_(1).pdf Bicycle Benefits: http://bb2.bicyclebenefits.org/#/home Becoming a Bicycle Friendly Business – League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/business

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EVAL-11. Strategy: Develop programs and policies to serve traditionally underserved neighborhoods • Use data analysis to determine traditionally underserved neighborhoods Activities and Tasks • Engage community to determine needs • Incorporate a prioritization method into project selection criteria as appropriate • Were traditionally underserved neighborhoods identified? Evaluation Examples • How many programs and policies specifically targeted these neighborhoods? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, HCC Resources The New Majority: Pedaling towards equity – League of American Bicyclists: https://bikeleague.org/sites/default/files/equity_report.pdf Equity – Mobility Lab: https://mobilitylab.org/equity/

EVAL-12. Strategy: Designate one staff member to be the bicycle and pedestrian program manager • Determine responsibilities of bicycle and pedestrian program manager Activities and Tasks • Develop job description • Integrate duties into existing position or hire for new position Evaluation Examples • Was a program manager position established? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW Resources Bicycle and Pedestrian Staff – League of American Bicyclists: http://www.bikeleague.org/sites/default/files/why_bike_ped_staff_april_2010.pdf

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EVAL-13. Strategy: Create a community-wide trip-reduction or mode shift policy or program • Evaluate current mode share (trips made by biking, walking, driving) Activities and Tasks • Develop goals for target mode share • Create strategies to achieve target mode share goals • Were goals developed? Evaluation Examples • What was the change in mode share? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $ TN, TS, TW Resources Commute Mode Share – US Department of Transportation: https://www.transportation.gov/mission/health/commute-mode-share Smart Trips – City of Portland: https://www.portlandoregon.gov/transportation/43801

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Enforcement The enforcement element contributes to the overall safety of the transportation network when laws and regulations are applied fairly and without bias, whether people are walking, biking, riding transit, or driving. Law enforcement officers must understand these laws, know how to enforce them, be empowered to use them, and apply them equitably. A strong relationship between bicycling and pedestrian communities and law enforcement is essential. The active presence and participation of officers on the Advisory Committee will help to ensure this element of plan is implemented.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-130 FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

ENF-1.Strategy: Provide programs that target improved safety, such as helmets, lights, and bike lock giveaways • Partner with law enforcement to create program plan Activities and Tasks • Fundraise to purchase necessary equipment • Determine locations and times for distributions Evaluation Examples • How many helmets, lights, and bike locks were given away? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH, PT, LLE Resources How to Do a Successful Bike Light Giveaway – League of American Bicyclists: http://www.bikeleague.org/content/how-do-successful-bike-light-giveaway Lids for Kids Michigan: http://lidsforkidsmi.org

ENF-2. Strategy: Partner with law enforcement to improve safe biking and walking • Establish speed-related enforcement in school zones and high-crash areas • Enforce existing ordinances (i.e. snow removal, 3-foot passing law) Activities and Tasks • Ensure bicycle and pedestrian safety-related violations are recorded • Conduct high-visibility enforcement activities • Consider how to incorporate bike and ped safety into diversion programs • How many enforcement activities occurred? • How many bicycle and pedestrian safety-related citations Evaluation Examples were issued? • How many speed related citations were issued? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Pedestrian Safety Enforcement Operations: A How-To Guide - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/812059- pedestriansafetyenforceoperahowtoguide.pdf Speed Enforcement in School Zone - Safe Routes to School Online Guide: http://guide.saferoutesinfo.org/enforcement/speed_enforcement_in_school_zone.cfm Snow Removal Policies – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/data/faq_details.cfm?id=4125

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ENF-3.Strategy: Establish trail safety standards, including guidelines for camera and call box installation • Research best practices in trail safety • Determine need for cameras and call boxes Activities and Tasks • Develop standards for cameras and call boxes to be added as trails are developed • Were standards developed? Evaluation Examples • How many cameras and call boxes were installed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, PT, LLE Resources Safe Trail Forums – American Trails: https://www.americantrails.org/resources/safety/index.html

ENF-4. Strategy: Designate law officers to be on the Bike and Pedestrian Advisory Committee Activities and Tasks • Engage with law officers from each community Evaluation Examples • Do law officers participate on committee? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Working with Law Enforcement Officers – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/enforcement_worklawenforce.cfm

5. Strategy: Establish a three-foot passing law • Develop draft legislation • Engage with community and stakeholders to educate on need Activities and Tasks for three-foot passing law • Introduce to appropriate bodies of government • Develop procedures to enforce law Evaluation Examples • Was a law passed? Priority Partners Timeline Cost H HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Passing Bicyclists Chart – National Conference of State Legislatures: http://www.ncsl.org/research/transportation/safely-passing-bicyclists.aspx Model Safe Passing Law – The League of American Bicyclists: http://bikeleague.org/content/model-safe-passing-law-0

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ENF-6. Strategy: Remove ordinances that create barriers to biking and walking • Review current ordinances that pertain to biking and walking Activities and Tasks • Determine if ordinances create barriers • Repeal and establish new ordinances as necessary • Were ordinances reviewed? Evaluation Examples • How many ordinances were repealed? • How many ordinances were introduced? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Model Legislation – League of American Bicyclists: https://bikeleague.org/content/model- legislation-0

7. Strategy: Create a volunteer trail safety patrol • Determine duties of volunteer trail safety patrol Activities and Tasks • Develop job description • Recruit volunteers Evaluation Examples • How many people volunteered? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $ TN, TS, TW, PT, LLE Resources Greenway Rangers – City of Fort Wayne: http://www.fortwayneparks.org/trails/volunteer- opportunities.html

ENF-8. Strategy: Provide training to officers regarding traffic laws as they apply to pedestrians and bicyclists beyond academy training • Identify a skilled cycling instructor, preferably a League Certified Instructor (LCI) Activities and Tasks • Identify or develop resources and materials • Deliver cycling classes • Did training occur? Evaluation Examples • How many officers were trained? Priority Partners Timeline Cost M HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources International Police Mountain Bike Association: http://ipmba.org/ Train Law-Enforcement Officers in Pedestrian Laws and Safety – America Walks: http://americawalks.org/train-law-enforcement-officers-in-pedestrian-laws-and-safety

7-133 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: PROGRAMS + POLICIES

ENF-9. Strategy: Establish a multi-disciplinary bicycle and pedestrian crash review team • Include law enforcement officers, planners, engineers, public health, and other community partners • Convene regularly to review and assess crashes and develop Activities and Tasks strategies for improvements • Conduct field audits • Establish systems for communicating crash information among departments/agencies between meetings • Was a team established? Evaluation Examples • Who participates? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, S $$ TN, TS, TW, HH, PT, LLE Resources Working with Law Enforcement Officers – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/enforcement_worklawenforce.cfm International Police Mountain Bike Association: http://ipmba.org/

ENF-10. Strategy: Have at least 15% of patrol officers regularly on bikes • Determine need for patrol officers on bike Activities and Tasks • Train officers in cycling safety Evaluation Examples • How many officers patrol on bikes? Priority Partners Timeline Cost L HC, TC, TF, CG, TM, M $$ TN, TS, TW, LLE Resources Working with Law Enforcement Officers – Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/programs/enforcement_worklawenforce.cfm International Police Mountain Bike Association: http://ipmba.org/

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-134 FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

There are various sources of funding available for the design, development and construction of bicycle facilities and pedestrian projects. The following is a summary of some of the most often utilized sources at the time this plan was prepared. While some of the funding options do have more over-site and can cause an increase in design and construction costs, they are still viable options that decrease the amount of local money that has to be spent.

TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES PROGRAM (TAP) The current federal highway bill, Fixing America’s Surface Transportation or FAST Act, is a four year bill that will provide transportation funding from December 4, 2015, through the year 2020. The FAST Act Eliminates the MAP-21 Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP) and replaces it with a set-aside of Surface Transportation Block Grant (STBG) program funding for transportation alternatives (TA). These set-aside funds include all projects and activities that were previously eligible under TAP. The national total for TA is $835 Million per year in 2016 and 2017 and the national total for TA is $850 Million in years 2018-2020. FHWA administers the TA set-aside identically to funding under the prior TAP. The following discussion is related to all of these programs. Information specific to each program is addressed in later sections.

The Secretary is directed to set aside, for TA, an amount from each State’s STBG apportionment such that the total TA for each year is divided among the states based upon each state’s proportionate share of FY 2009 TE Funding. Unless the Governor opts out of RTP, the RTP funds are set aside, and the remaining TA funds are divided equally into two categories. The first half is sub-allocated based on population, in which INDOT will distribute half of the TAP funds to communities according to their share of population within the state. These population categories are as follows: • MPOs with populations greater than 200,000: INDOT will sub-allocate funds to Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). MPOs will distribute their funds through their own competitive application process. • Other urbanized and rural areas: FAST Act allows state DOT’s to hold a competitive application process for communities to compete for these funds. INDOT is currently developing their process, including the possibility of sub-allocating to smaller MPOs.

The second half of the remaining TA funds will be distributed state-wide by a competitive application process through INDOT, where population is not considered. Eligible entities include local governments, school districts, tribal governments, and public lands agencies. In FAST Act, the State has the ability to transfer funds both into and out of TAP for other transportation programs

Federal TA funds provide 80% of the costs for preliminary engineering (survey, design, and construction documents), right-of-way (engineering, management, acquisition), construction, and construction supervision. The local agency is required to provide the matching 20%. The local match for TA funds can be obtained from various sources, such as budget appropriations, cash donations, right-of-way donations, and other grant sources, provided the other grant programs allow their funds to be used as a match for FAST Act. Currently, Indiana has received approximately $23 million for funding the TAP program. Approximately $1 million is taken off the top and distributed to Recreational Trails Program, and the other $22 million is distributed to Transportation Alternatives and Safe Routes to School.

7-135 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

RECREATIONAL TRAILS PROGRAM (RTP) As part of TAP, funding for the Recreational Trails Program (RTP) is set aside as a separate program. Each state has the option to “opt out” of the RTP.

This program is a federal financial assistance program administered through IDNR. It provides grants for 80% of the cost of land acquisition and/or development of multi-use recreational trail projects. Both motorized and non-motorized projects are eligible. The program is administered at the federal level by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), but is operated at the state level by IDNR. Previously provided funds for individual projects have ranged from $10,000 to $150,000. Currently, Indiana has received approximately $1 million for RTP funding. All units of government and not-for-profit organizations with 501(c)(3) tax exempt status are eligible to participate. Applications are typically available in February and due back to IDNR by May 1 of each year.

Contact for RTP: Bob Bronson State & Community Outdoor Recreation Planning Section Division of Outdoor Recreation Indiana Department of Natural Resources 402 W. Washington Street, Room W271 Indianapolis, IN 46204 317-232-4075 [email protected] www.state.in.us/dnr/outdoor

TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES (TA) Under FAST Act, eligible activities included in the former Transportation Enhancement (TE) program are now referred to as Transportation Alternatives (TA) activities, and are included in TA funding that remains after RTP funds are set aside. Although some former TE eligible activities are not included in TA, the activities most closely related to the development of trails, greenways, and bike/pedestrian facilities are still eligible. These activities include: on-road and off-road facilities for pedestrians, bicyclists, and other non-motorized forms of transportation; developing safe routes for non-drivers; conversion of abandoned railroad corridors for trails; and, historic preservation and rehabilitation of historic transportation facilities.

The details for the State’s program and process for acquiring and using the funds is being developed. In recent years, approximately $16 million to $20 million in TE funds were available annually in Indiana. At this time, Indiana has received approximately $22 million to be split between TA and Safe Routes to School.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-136 FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

Contact for TA Funds: Indianapolis Metropolitan Planning Organization Steve Cunningham, Principal Planner 200 East Washington Street, Suite 1922 Indianapolis, IN 46204 Email: [email protected] Phone: 317-327-5403

SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL (SRTS) Past funding bills made specific funds available for the Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program. The MAP-21 bill did not provide specific funds this time for SRTS projects, but they are eligible for TA funds.

The SRTS program is based on the federal programs designed to make walking and bicycling to school safe, more convenient, and routine, providing a true option for school travel. Growing areas of emphasis of the program are the physical activity, environmental, and social benefits of walking and biking. INDOT is responsible for administering SRTS as part of the TA. Kindergarten through 8th grade is the primary focus and these projects should help improve access for children with physical disabilities.

In the past, the maximum infrastructure improvement project award was $250,000. The process for applying for the funds and the funding cycle has not yet been determined.

Contact for SRTS: Michael Cales Indiana Department of Transportation 100 N. Senate Ave. IGCN. 955 Indianapolis, IN 46204 317-232-5021 [email protected]

7-137 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

STELLAR COMMUNITIES PROGRAM The Stellar Communities program is a multi-agency partnership designed to fund comprehensive community development projects in Indiana’s smaller communities. The Indiana Housing and Community Development Authority, Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs, and Indiana Department of Transportation are participating in this innovative program.

A call for a letters of interest is made through an announcement to Indiana communities. Each community then submits a letter of interest. The state team choses finalist communities from the letters of interest. Finalist communities are then asked to put together a strategic investment plan. Once a community becomes a “Designated Community”, they are elevated to a status of non-competitive funding for a 3-year cycle. It also means that the community will not be able to receive funds through other regular agency programs.

For more information visit: http://www.in.gov/ocra/2601.htm or contact your Office of Community and Rural Affairs Community Liason.

SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM (STP) & HIGHWAY SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (HSIP) The Surface Transportation Program (STP) provides funding that may be used by States and localities for projects to preserve and improve the conditions and performance on Federal-aid projects. Eligible projects include highway, bridge and tunnel projects on any public road, pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, and transit capital projects, including intercity bus terminals. Therefore, any pedestrian or bicycle facility that has been previously funded by federal-aid can use this funding to “preserve and improve the conditions and performance.” Eligible activities that relate to bicycle and pedestrian projects are as follows: fringe and corridor parking facilities and programs, bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways, ADA sidewalk modifications; transportation alternatives; and recreational trails projects.

Similarly, under FAST Act there appear to be opportunities for bicycle and pedestrian facilities funding in the Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP). Traffic and accident data would need to support the development of bicycle and pedestrian facilities as a means to improve overall safety.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-138 FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

Contact for STP and HSIP Indianapolis Metropolitan Planning Organization Steve Cunningham, Principal Planner 200 East Washington Street, Suite 1922 Indianapolis, IN 46204 Email: [email protected] Phone: 317-327-5403

Tax Increment Financing (TIF) Tax Increment Financing(TIF) is a way of subsidizing redevelopment, infrastructure, or other community improvement projects. Future gains in taxes from the completion of a community improvement project are dedicated within a certain defined district to finance the debt that is issued or money that is borrowed to pay for the project. Gains can come from the projected increase of surrounding real estate as a result from the project, which generates additional tax revenue. Tax revenue increases can also come from increased sales-tax and the addition of more jobs within the community as a result of the project. Defined districts are usually areas of distressed, underdeveloped, or underutilized parts of the community that might not otherwise see development and that would benefit from the completion of a the project.

LAND AND WATER CONSERVATION FUND (LWCF) Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) is a federal financial assistance program administered through IDNR. It provides matching grants for 50% of the cost of land acquisition and/or development of outdoor recreation sites and facilities. Funds for this program come primarily from federal off-shore oil lease receipts. The program is administered at the federal level by the National Parks Service (NPS), but is operated at the state level by IDNR. Individual projects typically receive $10,000 to $200,000 in funds. Only legally established park boards with an approved 5-year Park and Recreation Master Plan are eligible to participate. Applications are available on or after March 1 and are required to be submitted or post-marked by June 1 of each year.

Contact for LWCF: Bob Bronson State & Community Outdoor Recreation Planning Section Division of Outdoor Recreation Indiana Department of Natural Resources 402 W. Washington Street, Room W271 Indianapolis, IN 46204 317-232-4075 [email protected] www.state.in.us/dnr/outdoor

7-139 HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN FINAL PLAN: FUNDING SOURCES

PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS There are a number of foundations and trust funds which support the planning and development of trails and greenways, in the interest of conservation, preservation, and outdoor recreation. Although many of them fund only nonprofit organizations, some will assist local public agencies. A few of these organizations include:

1. Kodak American Greenways Awards through the Conservation Fund www.conservationfund.org/?article=2106 2. Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable Trust http://www.ninapulliamtrust.org/index.php/grant-information/

CORPORATE SPONSORSHIP In addition to the federal and private foundation options, corporate sponsorship presents another opportunity for funding. As trails and roadways are developed, especially in close proximity to businesses or industries, there are opportunities for corporations to sponsor trails. Sponsorships can be direct financial support of construction activities for trails, trailheads, specific trail or trailhead amenities, or even trail maintenance. The donation of land for the development of trails is also an excellent method of corporate support that can become a sponsorship opportunity. Sponsorship often includes granting naming rights to the sponsor for the items or areas that were financed or donated. Contacting adjacent or area corporations should be considered for these types of sponsorships.

LOCAL BUSINESSES AND ORGANIZATIONS Corporations and organizations within the community are often willing to help with projects that attract employees and residents to the community through bettering the amenities available. The municipality should continue to identify organizations within the community that would be willing to help with some of the smaller projects or possibly provide match money for the larger projects.

HANCOCK COUNTY TRAILS PLAN 7-140