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Book Review: Microlepidoptera of the Philippine Islands

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Book Review: Microlepidoptera of the Philippine Islands 106 POWELL: Book review Vol. 23, no. 2 (Central Daylight Time). At the same time two S. melinus were noticed sitting near the top of the sheet about four inches apart and about 18 inches from the light. One had a damaged hind wing which proved to be a valuable observation since this dam­ aged specimen (a female ) was later found paired with a fresh male, probably the one previously observed. Copulation occurred sometime between 11: 10 and 11 :45 P.M. when the pair was found and collected. L. bachmanii was a scarce species this visit while S. melinus was only reasonably common. I would like to acknowledge my thanks to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept. for making available the necessary park collecting permits.-J. RICHARD HEITZMAN, 3112 Harris Ave ., Independence, M issouri.' · " 1 Contrihution No. 149, Entomology Section, Division of Plant Industry, Florida D epartment of Agriculture , Gainesville . 2 Research Associate , Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Departmen t of Agriculture. BOOK REVIEW MICROLEPIDOPTF.RA OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLA:-rDS, by A. Diakonoff. U. S. National Museum, Bulletin 257, 484 pp., 1967. $2.00 paper cover. Diakonoff estimates that less than 20'% of the existing Microlepidoptera fauna is enumerated in this survey, which is based largely on the C . F. Baker collcction at the U. S. National Museum. A total of 291 species is recorded, distributed among 138 genera, of which 19 genera and 146 species are new, and 18 genera and 203 species (70'%) are endemic to the islands. The available material, albeit scanty, is said by Diakonoff to have a pronounced Malayan character. The treatment includes the lower Ditrysia, beginning with the Tortricoidea in the order of most arrangements, that is, it does not encompass thc pyraloids and zygae­ noids. There arc no Monotrysia. The species treated are about equally divided be­ tween the tortricoids, the gelechioids, and the yponomeutoid-tineoid families, with the Tortricidae having the highest total, 74 species. The Glyphipterygidae shows a surprising development, with 30 species, or more than 10'% of the known fauna. A table appended to the text gives a list of the species with indications of the individual islands from which they are known. The preliminary state of knowledge is probably best illustrated here, as only about 35 species are recorded from more than one island, only seven species from more than two. The text is accompanied by some 490 excellent line drawings, done by several artists, and by about 390 photographs of the moths, which are on the whole good for all except the aegeriids. Genitalia of virtually all species, including previously described ones, are figured. Lectotypes are selected for 20 species, including a dozen which were described from areas other than the Philippines. Lectotypes are enu­ merated in the appendices and are figured and include five Formosan species, two of which do not occur in the Philippines. Keys are based on a mixture of superficial and genital characters and at least in some cases ( e.g. , Copromorphidae ) include all the species of the Asiatic fauna, with indications of their geographical occurrence, although these species are not treated further in the text. The present work is not intended to be a classification, yet Diakonoffs linear arrange­ ment of families includes some interesting placem ents. For example, the Orneodidae, a group long under controversy as to its affinities, is placed among the gelechioid fami­ lies; while the Ethmiidae, a group with undoubted relationships to some of the Gelechi­ oidea, especially the Oecophoridae and Stenomidae, is placed with the yponomeutids and plutellids, a retrogression to the practice of a h alf centmy ago. This is a highly valuable contribution to anyone interested in biogeography of Lepidoptera, and it will form the starting point for the development of faunistic studies of the as yet poorly known Microlepidoptera of the Philippine Islands.-J. A. POWELL, University of California, Berkeley. .
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