DOCSLIB.ORG

Book Review: Microlepidoptera of the Philippine Islands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

106 POWELL: Book review Vol. 23, no. 2 (Central Daylight Time). At the same time two S. melinus were noticed sitting near the top of the sheet about four inches apart and about 18 inches from the light. One had a damaged hind wing which proved to be a valuable observation since this dam­ aged specimen (a female ) was later found paired with a fresh male, probably the one previously observed. Copulation occurred sometime between 11: 10 and 11 :45 P.M. when the pair was found and collected. L. bachmanii was a scarce species this visit while S. melinus was only reasonably common. I would like to acknowledge my thanks to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept. for making available the necessary park collecting permits.-J. RICHARD HEITZMAN, 3112 Harris Ave ., Independence, M issouri.' · " 1 Contrihution No. 149, Entomology Section, Division of Plant Industry, Florida D epartment of Agriculture , Gainesville . 2 Research Associate , Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Departmen t of Agriculture. BOOK REVIEW MICROLEPIDOPTF.RA OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLA:-rDS, by A. Diakonoff. U. S. National Museum, Bulletin 257, 484 pp., 1967. $2.00 paper cover. Diakonoff estimates that less than 20'% of the existing Microlepidoptera fauna is enumerated in this survey, which is based largely on the C . F. Baker collcction at the U. S. National Museum. A total of 291 species is recorded, distributed among 138 genera, of which 19 genera and 146 species are new, and 18 genera and 203 species (70'%) are endemic to the islands. The available material, albeit scanty, is said by Diakonoff to have a pronounced Malayan character. The treatment includes the lower Ditrysia, beginning with the Tortricoidea in the order of most arrangements, that is, it does not encompass thc pyraloids and zygae­ noids. There arc no Monotrysia. The species treated are about equally divided be­ tween the tortricoids, the gelechioids, and the yponomeutoid-tineoid families, with the Tortricidae having the highest total, 74 species. The Glyphipterygidae shows a surprising development, with 30 species, or more than 10'% of the known fauna. A table appended to the text gives a list of the species with indications of the individual islands from which they are known. The preliminary state of knowledge is probably best illustrated here, as only about 35 species are recorded from more than one island, only seven species from more than two. The text is accompanied by some 490 excellent line drawings, done by several artists, and by about 390 photographs of the moths, which are on the whole good for all except the aegeriids. Genitalia of virtually all species, including previously described ones, are figured. Lectotypes are selected for 20 species, including a dozen which were described from areas other than the Philippines. Lectotypes are enu­ merated in the appendices and are figured and include five Formosan species, two of which do not occur in the Philippines. Keys are based on a mixture of superficial and genital characters and at least in some cases ( e.g. , Copromorphidae ) include all the species of the Asiatic fauna, with indications of their geographical occurrence, although these species are not treated further in the text. The present work is not intended to be a classification, yet Diakonoffs linear arrange­ ment of families includes some interesting placem ents. For example, the Orneodidae, a group long under controversy as to its affinities, is placed among the gelechioid fami­ lies; while the Ethmiidae, a group with undoubted relationships to some of the Gelechi­ oidea, especially the Oecophoridae and Stenomidae, is placed with the yponomeutids and plutellids, a retrogression to the practice of a h alf centmy ago. This is a highly valuable contribution to anyone interested in biogeography of Lepidoptera, and it will form the starting point for the development of faunistic studies of the as yet poorly known Microlepidoptera of the Philippine Islands.-J. A. POWELL, University of California, Berkeley. .
Recommended publications
  • Attachment File.Pdf

    Attachment File.Pdf

    Proc. Proc. Ar thropod. Embryo l. Soc. Jpn. 41 ， 1-9 (2006) l (jJ (jJ 2006 Ar thropodan Embryological Society of Japan ISSN ISSN 1341-1527 [REVIEW] Character Phylogeny in Lepidopteran Embryogenesis: It s Revaluation and Issues to Be Resolved * Yukimasa KOBAYASHI Departme 四t 01 Biological Science ， Graduate School 01 Sciences and Engineerin g， Tokyo Metropolitan University ， Minami-ohsawa Minami-ohsawa 1-1 ，Hachioji ， Tokyo 192-039 7， J4 μn E-mail: E-mail: [email protected] 1. 1. Introduction The order Lepidoptera is the insect group whose embryogenesis has been well investigated. Until about 30 years ago ，however ， the materials had concentrated on the highest group of this order ， or the former suborder Ditrysia ， and nothing nothing had been known of the embryogenesis of primitive ，non-ditrysian Lepidoptera. In several ditrysian species ， for example ， Orgyia antiqua ， Chilo suppressalis ，Pieris rapae ， and Epiphyas pωtvittana ，it had been known that their embryonic embryonic membranes (serosa and amnion) are formed independentl y， not by the fusion of amnioserosal folds to be described described later ，and their germ bands or embryos grow in the submerged condition under the yolk until just before hatching hatching irrespective of the shape and size of eggs (Christensen ， 1943; Okada ， 1960; Tanaka ， 1968; Anderson and Wood ，1968). Since such developmental processes are not common to other insects ，it had been speculated that these processes processes are characteristic not only of the Ditrysia but also of the whole Lepidoptera until the time when Ando and Tanaka Tanaka (1976 ， 1980) found out a di 妊erent mode of ea r1 y embryogen 巴sis in the hepialid moths ，Endoclita ， belonging to the the non-ditrysian Lepidoptera.
  • Predatory and Parasitic Lepidoptera: Carnivores Living on Plants

    Predatory and Parasitic Lepidoptera: Carnivores Living on Plants

    Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 49(4), 1995, 412-453 PREDATORY AND PARASITIC LEPIDOPTERA: CARNIVORES LIVING ON PLANTS NAOMI E. PIERCE Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA ABSTRACT. Moths and butterflies whose larvae do not feed on plants represent a decided minority slice of lepidopteran diversity, yet offer insights into the ecology and evolution of feeding habits. This paper summarizes the life histories of the known pred­ atory and parasitic lepidopteran taxa, focusing in detail on current research in the butterfly family Lycaenidae, a group disproportionately rich in aphytophagous feeders and myr­ mecophilous habits. More than 99 percent of the 160,000 species of Lepidoptera eat plants (Strong et al. 1984, Common 1990). Plant feeding is generally associated with high rates of evolutionary diversification-while only 9 of the 30 extant orders of insects (Kristensen 1991) feed on plants, these orders contain more than half of the total number of insect species (Ehrlich & Raven 1964, Southwood 1973, Mitter et al. 1988, cf. Labandiera & Sepkoski 1993). Phytophagous species are characterized by specialized diets, with fewer than 10 percent having host ranges of more than three plant families (Bernays 1988, 1989), and butterflies being particularly host plant-specific (e.g., Remington & Pease 1955, Remington 1963, Ehrlich & Raven 1964). This kind of life history specialization and its effects on population structure may have contributed to the diversification of phytophages by promoting population subdivision and isolation (Futuyma & Moreno 1988, Thompson 1994). Many studies have identified selective forces giving rise to differences in niche breadth (Berenbaum 1981, Scriber 1983, Rausher 1983, Denno & McClure 1983, Strong et al.
  • Lepidoptera - Noctuidae, Sphingidae, Pyralidae, Gelechiidae, Arctiidae

    Lepidoptera - Noctuidae, Sphingidae, Pyralidae, Gelechiidae, Arctiidae

    LEPIDOPTERA - NOCTUIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, PYRALIDAE, GELECHIIDAE, ARCTIIDAE LEPIDOPTERA Synonym : Glossata Etymology : Lepido - scale; ptera - wings. Common names : Moths, Butterflies, Skippers Characters Body, wings, appendages, are densely clothed with overlapping scales, which give colour, rigidity and strength. They insulate the body and smoothen air flow over the body. Mouthparts in adults are of siphoning type. Mandibles are absent. The galeae of maxillae are greatly elongated and are held together by interlocking hooks and spines. The suctorial proboscis is coiled up like a watch spring and kept beneath the head when not in use. Wings are membranous and are covered with overlapping pigmented scales. Forewings are larger than hind wings. Cross veins are few. Wings are coupled by either frenate or amplexiform type of wing coupling. Larvae are polypod-eruciform type. Mouthparts are adapted for chewing with strong mandibles. A group of lateral ocelli is found on either side of the head. The antenna is short and three segmented. There are three pairs of five segmented thoracic legs ending in claws. Two to five pairs of fleshy unsegmented prolegs are found in the abdomen. At the bottom of the proleg, crochets are present. Pupa is generally obtect. It is either naked or enclosed in a cocoon made out of soil, frass, silk or larval hairs. Classification Majority of Lepidopteran insects (97%) are grouped under the suborder Ditrysia in which the female insects have two pores. The copulatory pore is located in eighth abdominal sternite and the egg pore in ninth abdominal sternite. Ramaining insects are grouped under the suborder Monotrysia in which the female insects have one pore.
  • Crambidae: Lepidoptera) of Ohio: Characterization, Host Associations and Revised Species Accounts

    Crambidae: Lepidoptera) of Ohio: Characterization, Host Associations and Revised Species Accounts

    Crambinae (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) of Ohio: Characterization, Host Associations and Revised Species Accounts THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Devon A Rogers Graduate Program in Entomology The Ohio State University 2014 Master's Examination Committee: Dr. David J. Shetlar - Advisor Dr. Steve Passoa Dr. Andy Michel Dr. Dave Gardiner Copyright by Devon Ashley Rogers 2014 Abstract A review of the North American Crambinae sod webworm taxonomy, phylogenetic history, and biology is presented. Traditional analysis, combined with modern genetic analysis has changed and solidified the placement of these species. Previously cryptic and unidentifiable larvae were identified using genetic analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 gene and an evaluation of potential host plant associations is given. DNA sequencing is a useful tool that can be used to identify unknown sod webworm larvae, including the especially difficult to identify first and second instar larvae. Only Parapediasia teterrella larvae were recovered from the short-cut, golf course-type, creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), as was a single Agriphila ruricolella. Fissicrambus mutabilis was obtained from lawn-height Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and turf type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Sod webworm adults were monitored with a standard blacklight trap between 2009 and 2013. Each year 14 species were recovered from the light trap. Species obtained from the managed turfgrass yielded only a fraction of the number of species attracted to the light trap. The sod webworm species Euchromius ocellus first appeared in late 2012. This is a first report for this species in Ohio.
  • Lepidoptera, Heteroneura: Monotrysia)

    Lepidoptera, Heteroneura: Monotrysia)

    SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY OF HOLARCTIC GENERA OF NEPTICULIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA, HETERONEURA: MONOTRYSIA) by ERIK J. VAN NIEUKERKEN Nieukerken, E.J. van: Systematics and phylogeny of Holarctic genera of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera, Heteroneura: Monotrysia). Zool. Verh. Leiden 236, 31-xii-1986: 1-93, figs. 1-135, tables 1-3. — ISSN 0024-1652. Key words: Lepidoptera; Monotrysia; Nepticulidae, phylogeny; hostplant relationships; leaf- miners. A revised classification of the Holarctic genera of Nepticulidae is provided. Eight genera belonging to the nominal subfamily are recognised and redefined. They are Enteucha Meyrick (= Johanssonia Borkowski, Artaversala Davis, Oligoneura Davis), Stigmella Schrank (including Astigmella Puplesis), Simplimorpha Scoble in the Nepticulini and Acalyptris Meyrick ( = Microcalyptris Braun, Niepeltia Strand), Trifurcula Zeller, Parafomoria Van Nieukerken, Bohemannia Stainton and Ectoedemia Busck in the Trifurculini. Trifurcula is divided into the subgenera Glaucolepis Braun (= Fedalmia Beirne), Levarchama Beirne and Trifurcula s.str. Ect- oedemia is divided into the subgenera Etainia Beirne, Fomoria Beirne, Laqueus Scoble, Zimmer- mannia Hering and Ectoedemia s.str. The genera and subgenera are (re)described and data on biology and distribution are given. The species Simplimorphapromissa (Staudinger) and Acalyp- tris psammophricta Meyrick are redescribed. A phylogeny of the family in cladistic sense is presented and discussed. The monophyly of Ectoedemia is uncertain, and monophyly of the subgenus Fomoria could not
  • New Species of the Genus Hepialiscus Hampson (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae) from Taiwan

    New Species of the Genus Hepialiscus Hampson (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae) from Taiwan

    Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist., 8: 39-54 December 27, 1988 New species of the genus Hepialiscus Hampson (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae) from Taiwan Kyoichiro Ueda Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History Abstract Three new species of Hepialiscus Hampson are named and described; Hepialiscus robinsoni, H. taiwanus, and H. monticola. Their morphology is described and figured, and compared with H. nepalensis (Walker) and Oxycanus goldfinchi Tindale. The geographical distribution of the known oriental species of Hepialiscus and of its allied genera is shown. Introduction The genus Hepialiscus was erected by Hampson (1892) for a single species Hepialus nepalensis Walker, 1856, and defined by the stalking in both wings of veins 8(R4), 9(R3), and 10(R2). Tindale (1942) revised this genus in detail and stated "this genus is somewhat similar in its wing venation to Oxycanus but differs in the reduction of palpi" (p. 165). Nielsen and Robinson (1983), however, stated that a grouping of taxa with oxycanine venation (sensu Dumbleton (1966)) would probably be a paraphyletic entity. Tindale (I.e.) also figured labial and maxillary palpi, antenna, fore leg, wing venation and male genitalia. Tindale (I.e.: 166) figured the subanal sclerite (see below) vaguely in his figure 30, but he did not refer to this structure in the text. Pfitzner (1933) described Hepialiscus borneensis from Mt. Kinabalu, North Borneo. Viette (1950, 1953) described Parahepialiscus baluensis from North Borneo and Xhoapkryx lemeei from North Vietnam. Judging from Viette's description (1950) of R2-R4 as stalked and of the male genitalia having a subanal sclerite (his "garniture laterale, sclerifiee en forme d'Y, au penis"), Parahepialiscus baluensis is closely related species to Hepialiscus, even though, unlike Hepialiscus, an epiphysis is present on the fore tibia.

  • ATLAS of NEOTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA Checklist: Part 1

    ATLAS OF NEOTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA Volume 2 Checklist: Part 1 ATLAS OF NEOTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA Checklist: Part 1 Micropterigoidea - Immoidea Edited by J.B.HEPPNER Center for Arthropod Systematics Florida State Collection of Arthropods Gainesville, Florida 1984 DR W. JUNK PUBLISHERS a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP THE HAGUE / BOSTON / LANCASTER Distributors for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LAI lRN, England for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Atlas of neotropical lepidoptera. BibliograplY: v. 2, p. Includes index. Contents: -- 2. Cbecklist. 1. Lepidoptera--Latin America--Collected works. 2. Insects--Latin America--Collected works. I. Heppner, John B. QL553.AlA85 1984 595 .78 I 098 84-7139 ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6535-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6533-1 001: 10.1007/978-94-009-6533-1 (v. 2) ISBN 90-6193-038-3 (this volume) ISBN 90-6193-900-3 (series) Cover design: Max Velthuijs Copyright © 1984 by Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st editiiion 1984 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Dr W. Junk Publishers, P.O. Box 13713, 2501 ES The Hague, The Netherlands.
  • "MORPHOLOGICAL and BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES on RESTING POSITION in LEPIDOPTERA" by J.Petersen, B.So.(Lond.) Thesis Submitte

    "MORPHOLOGICAL and BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES on RESTING POSITION in LEPIDOPTERA" by J.Petersen, B.So.(Lond.) Thesis Submitte

    "MORPHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES ON RESTING POSITION IN LEPIDOPTERA" by J.Petersen, B.So.(Lond.) Thesis submitted for the Ph. D. degree, University of London. September 1960 Imperial College Field Station, Silwood Park, Sunninehill. ABSTRACT The literature on resting habits in Lepidoptera is reviewed. An account of the higher classification of the Lepidoptera is given. Earlier descriptions of the lepidopterous wing base are reviewed and tables of comparative nomenclature are given for the wing base sclerites and the flight muscles. Microscopicalpreparations of wing bases were made and the cuticular elements were differentiated with Mallory's triple stain. It was found that a specialized type of cuticle was present wherever the sclerotized parts of the wing base were distorted during flight or wing folding. This was called "bending cuticle". Dissections of the thoracic musculature were made and some electrophysiological experiments were conducted to find out which muscles were involved in wing folding. Wing folding in living insects was observed and some operations were performed on live insects to determine how the wing was folded. The wing base morphology was found to have undergone considerable changes in the Lepidoptera from the more primitive to the most advanced forms. These structural modifications were associated with changes in the resting attitude. The thigmotactic and phototrectic responses of some Noctuoids were investigated by means of choice chambers. The interactions between these two factors and hydrotaxis and geotaxis were studied in Operophtera brumata. It was concluded that behaviour patterns have been evolved in nocturnal moths which enable them to settle in a suitable place of concealment at dawn.
  • Western Forest Insects United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service

    Western Forest Insects United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service

    USDA Western Forest Insects United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication No. 1339 November 1977 Reviewed and Approved for Reprinting July 2002 WESTERN FOREST INSECTS R.L.Furniss and V.M. Carolin Entomologists, Retired Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station Forest Service MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION NO. 1339 Issued November 1977 Reviewed and Approved for Reprinting July 2002 This publication supersedes "Insect Enemies of Western Forests," Miscellaneous Publication No. 273. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 001-000-03618-1 Catalog No. 1.38-1339 PREFACE This manual concerns itself with insects and related organisms in forests and woodlands of North America, west of the 100th Meridian and north of Mexico. ("Eastern Forest Insects," by Whiteford L. Baker (1972) covers the area east of the 100th Meridian.) The intended primary users are practicing foresters and others responsible for preventing or minimizing insect-caused damage to forests and wood products. Thus, major purposes of the manual are to facilitate recognition of insects and their damage and to provide needed information for determining a course of action. The manual should also be useful to students of forestry and entomology, professional entomologists, extension specialists, forestry technicians, forest owners, forest recreationists, teachers, and others. This manual supersedes "Insect Enemies of Western Forests," (Misc. Pub. No. 273), by F. Paul Keen, issued in 1938 and last revised in 1952. In this manual the discussion of insects is arranged in taxonomic order rather than by part of the tree affected.
  • Aglossata Heterobathmiina Glossata 29 Zeugloptera

    Aglossata Heterobathmiina Glossata 29 Zeugloptera

    1 Noctuoidea (owlet moths) 1 Geometroidea Drepanoidea (hook tip moths) Papilionoidea (butteries) 2 Calliduloidea 2 Cimelioidea (gold moths) Bombycoidea (silk moths, sphinx moths) 3 Lasiocampoidea (lappet moths) Mimallonoidea (sack bearer moths) 3 Thyridoidea (picture-winged leaf moths) Pyraloidea 4 Hyblaeoidea (teak moths) Copromorphoidea (fruitworm moths) Immoidea 4 Whalleyanoidea Pterophoroidea (plume moths) Alucitoidea (many-plumed moths) Ditrysia Epermenioidea 5 Schreckensteinioidea Urodoidea (false burnet moths) Tortricoidea (leafroller moths) 5 Choreutoidea Sesioidea (clearwing moths) GLOSSATA 6 Cossoidea (carpenter moths) Zygaenoidea (burnet moths, forester moths) 6 Galacticoidea Symaethistoidea Gelechioidea (case-bearers, twirler moths) 7 Yponomeutoidea (ermine moths) 7 Gracillarioidea (leaf miners) Tineoidea (cloth moths) 8 Tischerioidea 8 Palaephatoidea Adeloidea 9 Andesianoidea Nepticuloidea Hepialoidea (ghost moths, swift moths) 10 9 Mnesarchaeoidea Neopseustoidea Lophocoronoidea Acanthopteroctetoidea 10 MYA Eriocranioidea Heterobathmioidea HETEROBATHMIINA c. 160 Agathiphagoidea AGLOSSATA 29 Micropterigoidea ZEUGLOPTERA Tree of Lepidopterans showing the phylogenetic relationships among the most significant groups (45 taxonomic superfamilies). Colored boxes indicate high taxonomic ranks. Branches with thick lines indicate robust clades, and branches with thin lines indicate less-supported clades. The number in the green circle indicates the chapter in which lepidopterans are also included. The orange circle marks the most internal
  • Butterflies and Moths Free

    Butterflies and Moths Free

    FREE BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS PDF DK | 224 pages | 01 Feb 2010 | Dorling Kindersley Ltd | 9781405349956 | English | London, United Kingdom Comparison of butterflies and moths - Wikipedia A common classification of the Lepidoptera involves their differentiation into butterflies and moths. Butterflies are a natural monophyletic group, often given the suborder Rhopalocerawhich includes Papilionoidea true butterfliesHesperiidae skippersand Hedylidae butterfly moths. In this taxonomic scheme, moths belong to the suborder Heterocera. Other taxonomic schemes have been proposed, the most common Butterflies and Moths the butterflies into the suborder Ditrysia and then the "superfamily" Papilionoidea and ignoring a classification for moths. While the butterflies form a monophyletic group, the moths, which comprise the rest of the Lepidoptera, do not. Many attempts have been made to group the superfamilies of the Lepidoptera into natural groups, most of which fail because one of the two groups is Butterflies and Moths monophyletic: Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera, Heterocera and Rhopalocera, Jugatae and Frenatae, Monotrysia and Ditrysia. Although the rules for distinguishing these groups are Butterflies and Moths absolute, one very good guiding principle is that butterflies have thin antennae and with one exception have small balls or clubs at the end of their antennae. Moth antennae Butterflies and Moths be quite varied in appearance, but in particular lack the club end. The divisions are named by this principle: "club-antennae" Rhopalocera or "varied-antennae" Heterocera. The family Hesperiidaeor the skippers, often considered as butterflies, have Butterflies and Moths morphological differences from butterflies and moths. The most obvious difference is in the feelers, or antennae. Most butterflies have thin slender filamentous antennae which are club shaped at the end.
  • Lepidoptera - Annotated Catalogue, and Keys to Family-Group Taxa

    Lepidoptera - Annotated Catalogue, and Keys to Family-Group Taxa

    aua o ew eaa Dugdale, J. S. 1988: Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa. Fauna of New Zealand 14, 264 pp. Editorial Advisory Group (appointments made on a rotational basis) MEMBERS AT ENTOMOLOGY DIVISION Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Mount Albert Research Centre Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand Ex ff Director - Mr J. F. Longworth Leader, Systematics Group - Dr B. A. Holloway Co- opted from within Systematics Group r Τ K Crb r G W UNIVERSITIES REPRESENTATIVE Dr R. M. Emberson Entomology Department, Lincoln College Canterbury, New Zealand MUSEUMS REPRESENTATIVE Dr J. C. Yaldwyn Director, National Museum of New Zealand Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand OESEAS REPRESENTATIVE Dr J. F. Lawrence CSIRO Division of Entomology P.O. Box 1700, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia Series Editor Mr C. T. Duval Systematics Group, Entomology Division Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Mount Albert Research Centre Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q c d d aua o ew eaa d Number 14 Ä k k ς Á eioea Á — a oae caaogue, a Á keys o amiygou aa Á d d Ά Ä χ . S. ugae d d ^ Entomology Division χ eame o Scieiic a Iusia eseac Á iae ag, Aucka, ew eaa k d ε1 Ά A X d d Ä Ά k ^ SYSEMAICS GOU 688 • WEYIE YEAS SEICE O EW EAA EOMOOGY Cataloguing-in-publication citation UGAE S eioea - aoae caaogue a keys o amiy-gou aa / S ugae - Weigo SI Sciece Iomaio uisig Cee 19 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533; o 1 IS -77-51- I ie II.