BHOPAL RIOTS

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MahrEni IlrDibAi Cole!€ n l*.t€d on ths nolil' t.nhofth.loEr tak€ in Budhfrn, Hietrly dsro€ and .oryEr€d, BudhMh ik Eullin mjo.ity locartiy itr old Bholal o! th6 -drhiD€ofTrh D"cpbb- n Es amons fic lt,6r ptqes qheF vior6r.. srupied. AlDo.t ore th ird ofrhe 3000 dudr 1E of r hi! woD.dt @ucs€ oDs 6w,t rt y riob &r ofi BHEL,E. B, th. hd. .drlew q! srcund 'mpcrd;r lo rh,r turninF. mo.r or I be .tudsn6 had rlFad, reeched thr 6lhs€ sohe fr.u.ry hembeE .kyed b'.k ;d boL oF b cMuF ssfa dumof ihenshdenk. Thce :eidins in nea:by loceliii4 Ereabte 6 Bch hone mn. sratr6@ad other studenh. lhe airlG rDn BIIEL weE shifiad ro ihe ho6bl. The h6bl n not iEide i)E ,o$s . .ort*€ Bnpu& But ii is not ae,eitf,ei l b a unique l@stion rhe host l, risnt oppo! iie ihe .on%E, iE on rhs south bank orihs talre. ri L locebd in the phfesdB @rory in N€y Bhopal. Ihp"ou.si oF."'"s a boa- r"fr hour ro hhsp.n 6eFrl! i and rb. rr dher the {Jd.nEdo no, n..dbso,hrcuch rh"otd.i,r rFsJjsrh,wbEkpehoarridero,cachr?rr^ords hdts aft- ,"o.h ns rn, rrlE,o6sro.Ftrh.co[-rinlo Meanvhilc runouE besih 6 cirulate in rhe cily sbour ihe t re ofthe conege si.b. Muslinnob€haveatacLcdiheconeE€,nokedihesirt , hFd eisnry otihen, lheirblgsk ,...rolI,k in6.w,tdqorh.sB,r.dr dFErtandspAedonrh,rdsJsnd,nrhcrortowihE dsF.1. " s6 f oI r1" il-o,1d cs d,y6 paa6.d. frcr Budhwera b PmlB€oE colonyi rrcD old Bhdpat b o€w Bhop,l. on gth norninsNoald, {hose Bhopal nr, "di,'on has a c.,"Lh'rc^ or ov n?6. t

Ior 5urc ihe dailias qere .or rea.hibg rhe currsw bound patu or ihe ciiy th6i iriy. Bui ih6ecohpriseonlr4spe-entoflheaEa,no6io.iiintheoldcity.l'henewp;p€Bdia;ctr olhcrpsrts,indudi.gBHEL,.e&.ThairFterebc66iheattackohi[eRirdconfimedw]r.t hrlhennRnJhadhesrdhJlsyorrunouE.Noaccou.roftheoDnubst.ior.inBhopal,thai IollowcdlhedenolitionoaBabiM6jid,Gnre.apiuErherrueefiecrofthe6enesn;ffithsr d.y in such an athosph.re. The erbDsive .onhufrt viotance th,t shodk ih€ ciiv oroveh n,,.ron p-od. fo' a.mos r'. cdaE 6 o,' a Fncd,on o, !h.4114 snd e$ionsEf;eEFdby such ruDouE a nd be* ilcms More ran! ronth l,hrwhcnweneirhe6taftorihe6neEbtheir6emeorriotand

t6 '..r\" i had nho $.rh a scM coulgsc Y* ih. ran nloe orihe er ihe cily rhat has never ! i'D -"osuF i,ta,ir ar.hcn.vaat5o,dp- oiom. etdrh",dntr.i.dionwhobld

Flmemb" mLlrinran lvbd"trrh llFoltv.dr.n.orh"or.hlsl 4uth."4dn k 1;!. (r,cioeourlorjudoneday,rlillburnsnoth.ihundrednuslihs.Thsyhavedishonouredour sisrcE ),rhcrc seehs 10 be no vay 3hyo.e can cohyin.e himandhisjlkthat no surh incide.t w]n ." o.ti-, J o huv. 1spr.n, d w-) or.n.n a.or hLrot nor b."oE€,he 'oo[,.+, Fapp.!. I Th" te,y tne uAw-. : .,tr.A,Jnhos.,h",oirr Fs., fircins r1L. ra7"d oJ , i T.n,'tPr ,- oqhi.+. "nons s€r . din,.Lh i,! f".u.h!5 r:;iiid rhe r \nr!,!Fdi5Doexceplon. ^nd III. S, CONTENIA

: Coume of Event8 Bu: 7.a [email protected] 1992 5 Boa: An Anaatnous Aaaunt E6: Tots afrud ChlA-n 'rdbh: Retdtl hiet 16 Da.nher 86: De h af c BHEL wa.her A6: virin;si.e ovirin Tohts: Death TaU 16 rdLh: . tuEsis Blrnt ar Dmosed Bor: Redenna Union Carbi.L IL Social F.emework 2A Fisure: PaPuLi.ion cnd ib crcuth

'Idhl2: Mehdndwah.a 22 fabLe: Warherc ond thei Wa& 23 Table: ChdneLns Cloie: Elrtung IIL State rohb: L@ ond Cuudians of L@

rLBagfrUEBoDulah

39 I. The Course of Events

6 De.ember 1992 {* ro he ihe day in nony ove r ldng aEr, Bul it b psri ota dea.ly Msdhya Pndah whcn rhe ramou. Eusic herd coueclive heribse orBhoFtis. on ?rh mominaeveryone ftlr 6 ih€ir e..i!e theLata ManseshkrPurusk r The or,lE, &donss, erk pla€, scl$oL lhd heelina va3 caDeu€d. B! siisr.oon when coll%€s. TheE indeed vss sone appFhen thedobe6olBab M$jid besan to rall, ihe sion ih re ei!. Bui mosl people outd not re* spEd in rhe EkG qpibr BhoFqr ihEudr lore.ee whar rolrokd. so ihe der besn li)re anr otrer d!y, And vhsn the peopte, hen, ihe nu6liE najo.ily locatities otold BlDp.1. wonen ,nd .hirdren, hft irreir hom6 they $he pr'es s,jraDE Dar 3divisc hd ihe wse .oi awE thai ttE incidebc dfviolence ^t@lebErion b!, buElingcracteE abddLrib had arready be$!. fha do.kion ro impca uliissreb chiefMiDisE. sun&r t tPar,4 called an emersency heelingorthe cebircr. r0sD Fs{norehounp*sedbeforepublic Ir wes rollowcd by a meeiins or senior dm Eo!6 knowabourii. NoilhertheadhinLha ci.k. Both rhcse meetinF discussed m*s rionnorihc insiiiuiiomhsd the wherewith.l urca b msiotein rqve.dorde, In neitharot b arnhse ror rhe pcople ro rerum. Mea,- lhesa heeiines nE6ure5 5p4isuy mcsni toi vhile,sviolencelpEadi.elcesftel gEai, BhoFr weEdiscussed. rDdoE, Jabatpu.a.a the old citJ, the simGpheE hecane rsmo. drherpld.estrEnred. Much larors now ir€m The circuhd,nlEs were ihus conducivs io prabied in the war€ or conlrcveEJ, olsr the the runouB thai struck ihe cily with s ferce mleonhesu!€ndedc.uec6rof Bhopst, ws3 irr lroD which ii is still to E.over.Ihasrhe tor.fertoanintetlisen.eEF.dthatErrcd youEolrbbes psEniof ayounsboyorsirt ofircuble in ihe city. But no enective ne,3 sone b schoor o. slteE€ ihar no..i.a Al- ures were iniiiaEd in thca. moelirys. And ihscny wiinesed hG!horeodousvioreDce cve{,eqctybanlr 4iGellinb.nes via in 1be riok th8t rouowed rhe den'otnion. , runour rloaredby a.JoDe sho i3 inhE3r€d ar6*1be! 2l praces wed scriouslvaoected in noalinr it. BesinhinF *ith evenio*E on in Madhya PndAh, in vhi.h 161 p@ple ?th irsglt, rhroushout the period nc{spaper were tilled. r39orrhehiD ahopar. se leiivc ly pri n&d thse runou B auihe nti. The city has bot witressea a riordarhis @iotE'neE'withdevaratinaon6equeIr6. naruF and sxteni ih irs ronE rrjslory or ov€. on ?th ole.ins tol iEeb.e, Dda* sddlro hvo snd halfcenturia. rn lhe Dast ihe:a have Pro,i6, in il3 headtine rep.rleddath bll s besn rsBioE. But rhey weE lo.alised lod eisnr but mdo ir ten in the 3torJ. Jm cAdird diffusedsoon. Evoninlherecentpastduribs EF r only tEds ir 12 in Bhopal bui lhe sudpx./a, c.hpaiEn in 1939 and a$in added ihl! 36 eeE kiled in poli.atirinsat durihs the mr6ror@ io t990oihcrptac in Ayodhya. ?o be suE tr6e lwo ocre ileE rhc srate weE arr*kd. Bui not Bhoper. The crediled then b thai sinsre hGt ,uihebtic long historJ olormuml haImhJ my lppar 60urce of8)l .umouE in sourh A3ia: B i:h ssridiculousdiche inadlertnehenbs!.h- Bbddlxiia coryElion ( vi.sLs/l jmuad 3ored by rhe BJP govcrnnent - "v'"lc,rrltr datd Mu* rullt *. a@..." Accoains n1 Bh@dl hi khhar s@ar s choli e ruhi speci,l ore3pdndent Mlrt Tullr). ICtuEd shPrddlit rdlbhar *i t@bi PanPu.a' in ihe pmc* ftB Epotu tiled by rh€ir ovn (Bhopal,s 3pe.i,l dadirioo orconnu.al har orrspohdenti and rhe sbbreni is$ed by rG NnmtBu.h, ch,.fse(eta!. Mad}lve ,nd .ne4 then p€repro;, Bhopal: 7-a December l9g2 tubouB 3nd rlouded ihs ouBp of rh. ohnumt :io6 tAersft.l. Laca ti6 thd wnnessed hotabi. iturt.. ol ialenae in E kitiat phe. Irtttal phse Th€ fiBt 5et of inodehb bok pacs .uequpkd in€ Nm6crofprsca h;ryh ord c;tr B,nds of dsdiE voirh h;i l^ enrorc. an imprcDpru baldi sn. snoc !.hr( e. sokmnst prcF,ryand rebPiB

pol ce66ebkv,bk ed. ?olice oetred fire ro quell the mobs cur&w ks ;mFd " eish! police sbiio. tlEr.o!;r eniiE No*I BhoPat: By late,nernoon'E6 n w4 *, iended6coqddpuB,ps otwhrh EadF- enttd,rTeckdotd BhoFst NfhtQrres w,s m NswnhoFl BdiheadmrBha. 'mFsed rion.bo#ed dowh !ompbr.ty ii ihe old qiv. could nor enrohe curft$ in c.vindDur,;r N6a ahopsl PEdictably ibar nisht sFradic inci- lBblE oIPnB6 vioteross, i iheother dcnk tdok pta.e in sodeofrhe new Bhopel comnunityeF tew FLsr6 indiek.heF aEE . cotonig 3k in otd BhoFI LkdsDd.r acterotrhe€venb Ib uEtiBt rumouB,,pprehecioE tkdsw ori66 aod 3earch o@!,. 24 p6ph dead. @! on wde tr,rhd j; r . hdc Atrer 2 s m.th,inirhtkniorom:isk ,0len.e The €i, inDotic.[.ns sourcs in!ludinE the chief secrutarJ, hok a tour ot si }IanLdis HGprbl qhrh re@ived ebo rhe.oroni€s. sheordered d a.edEh ooe6fi 300 p,rienLs,n the fiBr r@ deF,,bo con i. Adr Ne$r and se.i additionstiorcea h she6l NdFr Etsewher.. ihe same nishr, Brrheendof 3i6.Enins2cdied, 150 lhusgis rere burni beh,^d AFarc Tatksi (ass oraBon Esttered m 13 Dbc8. s50 lhefi Et or3ueh inddenG onsihmoFsleei Feople imludinsihem b.eEBl eere dlawn ioto indeFnd- the vorbxj with .imitsr c nr MLA Arif^qeet {ere a(eted AufiouEh fomsny rhesmJ, ksetkd hy ?rh ryenr;r rrohe were 6 ide.r6 rome Fiternh iEerf efc.rrye! eme Lhe rhia rendom ! otene bb Dn,i; in the fiEi two dsF, m(h rakr rdqldl rhe one $h "Enins ;ovdo. note LlEr th.re 4re duallv ve4 ment arlo,oke uP to mkrcElede;o rkelr fe" drohsb€twen mob60rihetM Jnh,; rhesavityoft herruoiionhitsshtedoiisr niiios. Much of tho yiolencs q* diE.red fhecollRr.rsndthesuFnn& entof iolics ,s:imt pmPedy vehtrtA, shoF, i€nDtes lsIr kere hsnsfe ed l3 pbrooB rhe andmGqu6 ltwssbo.onrneJtorhe;^,h of arh, caBe ibio oFhtion. All jn Bib. rs w aiery Eadsend did hor.pread io rside.risl sFM The ex.eptroB F€rhaE Ere3ohsof The nBr rvo &y6 a3 r iurned our, ih€ oloniB oh eirhersde oi B€Ge, R-ra qir. hot perb'F as sb,tiina as ifis Lt6r phss. i! brG of ext.nr, *sle and hrutslil.y th6e nboun. Eventually BS ii iumd out of .omhuml violen.e. But in mw uE bo sophisti.aied arn3 EE Eed nor 3ny what h,ppened or whst h bslieved 6 hale [arcod explodsd. T he docbE at Hahidir happenen in this initial ph6e 6ighitro.ily vho recoived patienc righl abh l0 30 a.n. influenced the couFe or evebc. Cinhubal on ?th rule oui the u6e ora.ysophGli.qted psEsplioD or lhe event6 hecane .onphb. arm rhey rcrered o.ly 6 Feftr iojurie5, ThL kind ordivisio., on coEEun,l lih4, amo.e olhere. {Iulever the runouB, ihe ahoutthecou6eotavenBisperh.p€coDnon ed reh,im tb.i rhc initie! Fhase m6, by b all riob. Anl in Bhopel ir w* turtber and lsrse, s. oren5ive by husliD yourh. conrounded by oihe. dtukioG. B.IP verus M6ioltheeldeB or t,,e omnunily re nei consBs(I); the Unio! MihLierrnd fomer Esdily dcknowtedse th.l ther @mpletely ciielMinisbrorthe3t'teArjun singh eod raited io oblrol ihsn youth. Bui !he, retute hG hitte viih the &crio. led bI vidya ch,Bb a.y suss.slion of orsahisaiion or pla.ning shukl, i n h B oqn Dartv: ih. inhtue raction behind ths ore6irc. rbe one contrc!.6, ali6hbetweenthePaiEsroupahdsaklecha ihatcloudE then,tureolhulin Esdioo ;n srcup in BJP; fadiomlLm wiihin burseue this phse nLtes toAriaAqeel. rery, onetr [hked with polithal parftE or Aqd onsimlty hclooEed 6 C.n3ra(I). r,ctiotu wiihin -ell i.nuenced theduBe or But, dcnied a ihke! in the las! eledioE, he evenb and iheir peEepiio$ ib addition h .oDcted aB,n indep.nden! MLA frlm No h ths lerFrhiDdu h$lih divide. ahopal cob3iituancy sld woD IIe decated The si€ liceoce orthe [El two days ihc l@l dlds lnd EJP lader R.reh shsru lics in ihdi i! us larsely an oftemile hy popul,rly knom as Chufiu BhaiF.Aqelt nuslih hobi Ar lsasl rill 3th altemoob spee.h near Budhrele oo ?th nornina is tthi tuh the frEt er ofi.cideDG ltJeb,hai said to havc incited the hElimyoulh.lr is r.bad. irMS musliN, in thaaae*oupor15 videlyalleEediharhsdkhibDtedrmsblhe 25,hd iookover the 8tEet8. Their elger !E Bhp,sins nobs. th.B aE ewn sme sEpnic dirededinnis y as nu.h agsinsi sbE prop ,c.ounb of hoq hs direbd rhem, 6pe.iaUy e*y as thalof hi.dus. c.utry hadehoh&, in th€ BftelnooD. i. ,hd around Junenti. end rin6 reE also s.d ib ada ion b srcrds 'Iheresreequauysraphi. sc.ouncorhowhe alchpt d b Ednin the routh. I! liifN,sar tba! sophisii€ied el-r veE 6edi th3i sbcks he wassupred b hsve 6pead hc ku11. and of!.83 rcE piled up in Tejul M6jid dc.'rhe pte^.tett hai man hi bhih naBna alahaa raDow mosque is the $eDe or rhe Ijkm (I have @ne io bes ror pe,ce). In Puili Gtur confersnce c!.ry wihier lor whi.h thouands hc was supposed b hrve t in dovn on rhe rced ro preve.! . horr aitaclinE a t€Dpl3. I. SoEe pilgtins sho crDesheadoarhe.onaeF anycaeby trrc evenii€olnrs 6Er&y ha was eG ihk year vere 3tgyins in ths mcque arEsbd. He**Eleassdon30lh DeceEber Ihnedia&ly th.y v€re bBnded B. ?3kL6!i ona co.ditionslbsil thBlprchibibdhihrbh l3€nb our to cEsls trcuble Ohese*rly6er enterins Bhop.l citJ linits tor a bont!. of pilsrim, ws lai€r 6und oui, ve.e rbm lb soDe Esp€cE the Ele orArirAqeel Philippin6). Arrival or huck loa& or am3 h cl6elJ linked with lhe lon.hv.Eyabour frn InddE,nd other p'b us abomen- the role of cdneres(t) in Eenenl and Arjun lioned. on 3!h hornin8N&AAoa, in a frc.1 siDsh in pa culdr. lbh about ihs sft€. paae iteo. "Bdnad se bhara tafie. R hapat .@n ikrtbe pariyk dn8le Fint prcEmnne dJa" (Ianker loaded with $n polder eF b&he dLhisrt of Patwa gm]rucnt Mnny riE in Bhopel), seve qedence 6 iohe or Coryres(l) teadsF do$elded rDn Delhi, did a pertururorJ tou snd plwPlly d3undd wh3E the C.lhctor, MLA and the Go%.no. the dtuhi$el or rhB gove.nDsni. None of v€B all Dulim wh€n rh3 6Et o&roir lLeh played any cotupicnou ble ib 6bb- ilok ela.e, Bcqlirer eiDntor @DnoidioE in li.hina p.ace or pbvidin8 relief. Tne excep rhe obnumllrpas'bda and pereptiom.) iioG EB Di€liFy sinsh and oi}.. h@l I

h i""6td""',o{ 'a1c. otoo To.ckrov,a5 !aoa,,hloo \ H.s roh-r s lhan{tutrhdr bJ the p.tice. Mon, ol lheD were nte*sllv teEd llsnidia Hospitll and beet up ihe ib debined, bsaten uP, io{uEd and rcre le! juEd edienE aft* ide ii,ins !heh. rhoe oulonly"frerewaek Thcy Eturned btheir is no, absorubry no, ha6i6 ao. rhtu pa*i.ulsr honE or sboF 6 lind lheD de*bJed. Fur t.Da\sa!.!on h. the!, the deci5ion ,Rio|ts to impoE.urrew wla isken nonaudo *. galo shonto stzwnbt ;b ePa after srea aner ihe Bajhna Dat 3n humane ve u6). /vo, Eiscr on,b heck activGE hed al.eady erradyeeizcdcontht. pase .arlied rhree scpersre noDs iilled: currew !aE fo.errmposedaroheso .lutut!tun In rhe lnLa h s@xe: xanld chatw nidsrorthi5 !hat mJde rhepo resobeEerk p@ .L|ttuq Smuht t botdl,a " Nd!nE stts {a3 rhe kiriDE of a youns p.lice coosiabte Tohor in, mu5 rm houle on 9th momins. aFrr fmm the MahaBn, Larmr Baj coteqe n",.s,bh,"h N"s.. H" *"., .s"dh l,-d airL h6tel nenrioned earlier, a. adiv:si into the 6ouse by a arisnd. Thk was rhe girls hGhr and a mrking yhich Mhen! hosbl beckErcund in Ne*Bhopaland BUEL w.re aLo aenrioned ib thEe EpoG All ,rhe thEc Ep.rb wsre.onphlely basel*s ,voi nornins ot gitr howeler daned on the with ciiy explGive @v.rase by the repo.trd the ev..G with.,he5 e nd conhtr. nempaFre. alt kin& of wild runouft lhoi niii6 ot rhe victiG dearly idcniilied. Inci. were in cncuhiion sbout ibe,airccnies,oD dedany ihen counbr par6. urdu dairi* hind6€hehofl e kb! staDpof suihentl l couldnoibri.soulth-.ir€dnionslil)lhe2o i. Doiz, i/ros*@. retsrLd iha! rd"B e; Ar le.5r ! whote p'ge w$ dewted 6 photo, 3)"pk. The bias lE ctear in the choie. padiallyburDi3hopwh6e EDevasdeanw ..,; vhrbleeliprohine.rrcveraqe No!ve &; rDD 1;,,.."_\"a this shop, o.e o.ihe pbminent n;bu. :"A (.nrs oa ihe .iir, .,uDelari DaNaza w.s harbr+ I 4!Fluion iadh :._ _ .,1,'g Lurnt The dailies did hoi cvan refer io ihe in.ident. sonEoft pho6srerh6 hc pubticised . u,no urrrluisnsh 5_, nE.'!.i4. Tale ol Two Chitdren hn oI 2r-no%oJSr,ILba.fle F,o-bou4 dL, TrF" oF., th-Aonhob,tur. uqgaoa dld o. nr da JdF d o5

r |n,ng. -hPrseitco 1 Brpar.sn -opt". 1 anc", e I :rriolB,ar a. d vel ronr;un.or

hor o!- i.6drhs pi-. aro*c.,^, :::-_,;:"-1 :':::':"tiT" "tu " d*m",.a,s,i , r. craldbdd On 3.h no,mg, d,o co-rdnl, 1dhi \dl lgnL 1 5apDenro I EL. rrD o r@a1nor,-s ""otoryi,-r 't:'1.-" s.M qa. a, r.ey r,,l injl.hs,. ocm d hcnd,pdt"i",., -."*";",";,;;:; ;," ;;;;,il;:,"p".m E[-gfaaanbdtep'\e \,nql "",, d"'rab"tra1,.Fa,.rreq\,,,"""."ii,,;;i;;;;i;;;i TaoaSLr!L+guJ,d,'eoh4l p,*pa ",,0". r. \;,, r ry. mr.dsd5h+ :,t. 4rtr" [email protected] r..hs... rid.ktd". "...drorod".5 b,or. I d I oLs€.o o goods a-...P wln*aslhep'orcLa[ffl".,o.".,h"b.l",.".'",""lh""

6..rmq a *t4 psi,9 n,tiroa ldn,ea..4d ren ro rdnio a Ho\p r-raned theho5pirrtrllabllorrr.nilrdbeun,pen6rzr, gne rr 9r bo* H.. tpg riLF rh6n s m rddior. Hq h;[ corD6r$r,on ror !'mpt. lury n" .or _, " *r,u.. nor lca qn bp@me aJi sh. roor€d -n., norrut or'srrnv L$m,e ". ,.i,. h", ,". ", i;;; Wedonortno*dr.rd ^ , tr c,r, and rhe I **N :1::il::l'I"-v-'l'* **rq pra,rr i oro'ry ! s.h dle, F;;"i;;;;;;*; BhoPar ne 70 hindu *fteyone h. ddn hd Hsbibslnj, T'I NrF r . nd MaIMm p.arab ,.r,, (Bre'Ec sare" ol?0 hindu ehe. wee NeEsr Ekn rhsn m ere€ntNe ossu; .utoff ih oldBhop,l).Theevehi.eeratsoDut wert tske. in BHEL,Bes wheE rhe vio rh.tollof deih ib.ouoiry!idedhiurbsn.es leb.. shilied to br gih nisbr. as 25,000r oflicist aiGhpts b 36kh ih4a Thai triehr a .,lriudnon numbsrorcotoDE.**, runouE seB ohnned io clichE lite pq oaryrhussis. pitn6sd s Lrmrs_ 6!0ne oj! 6ldda no t@o,,(Do hoi helieve rG ,n3.,nd etknp6d sEdn El stons the;d. houE). cbiers@hiy Nimta Buch: sian da.d 16tsnse,h herda,tybrhfi ns! w,s-E ror ihe fiEt iimc in 3sy€sB, BHEL.Leed have no intom,rioo. aohi13pl,n!.ThshdGeaof n$liheEplor- way ofde.yinEtneEe witd rubouE. rn anv e* Ecad.red in dift.erenr otihe 6m- c*e ihere Fris s8 one sour.e of inro&atio;: !hip eft selectNety sii€(ked h ?iDlsnr. Il.hidis h*pii,l. The do.bc rheE .o!ld B'rkh.& p.rhsni, Hazbt N,emuddr; cot. havs been 60bilied b slare facb ehour na6s ony Besh sewnlsn, Ra.fi r!;:hat afta .aps s.d bEa3t .ultioss. Tl,rcushour the nwlin hsjority .dlonie! were sltacked. fiEr rew d.y6 on€ of the mer ndrahhs6rv Jhuesii kBhurnr. o! 10thabu.d noon, runouE in .rcutslion waS iber Laxhi Ne;. lurfew wa! ihpeed ,h ptptsn, and aranMandirhadb.pnsetonti&.AvGuaror Bash Seqoniyan Police Srahdh eros. Bul ors. the tenple on Do.rdaEben outd have niptsd &d dehud,oh snd kJlbs wsnioi,i'rha n in ihe bud. rnsred sbvelnmenr bi ihele lunou6.nculaG. Much Lbr I senior offi. jn ,sr 1oih elsnins€E pbdaihed bs.ner rial ofthe adDini.rath. .,id, b*! 40 h*d me "s00 kiLted". Nerr evenhs Ja4 hudeE in rhe.iry shduld be arhibubn t emed gth crr.I! rrcnt FF bo\ wjrh; ti s horni.s x@ Bntrd,. ''Rh@al he obhi td\' 515n@ t5r5kil|.Ain Ths violence i. Ne$ BhoFl heF. on Bhopal tnt tu{) and dEiqd . cotoby vtus li3! 8Lh hiehi Subhash Nesr, .nd rhe or dearh ton. The tolar roll ot the tisted r3 adjoihins coton'.!,'tser TonLya Tope Nagar sod colontu addr b .13r, huch te$ itrsn 515 I:5oqwnqarca w rcsed&ee D;den" daihed in the tnl€ Bui who tuutd bdihsr Thepattenw,sihesame.AmobmutdcoDe eboul arithneri. in 6uch a siturion. Inde, and bum ab isolsr€d [iosk ora 6noD. r. thc penae oarhbbo&rh€bannerbeedline,th.i dead df nrshtj desp,k nLAht rurrev, mhisn. na3 no Elaiion wilh t]le 3rory ihli to)tosed o!5 MaruticsE orEeB auld oerk iheh. *a3: "P@d hdjhut sabit. Bh.pot he pichli :elve s.d er'r ar rul6lsd. cass;tb Ee$, rd 6o?orl.a t,k " (Pa!k,s li6 &itsd. i3. of sloE€c and ma!6 shourins. At matrv Rqp€ in Bhopsl rst nishr.) phes residenk b€tiered rhri mobshdsF Al ruhouB rnd cEioro :iied. conrinued b o. €!h mohins, rhe fiEt anlch d! .pEEd rhey ksched tLe oubur6_ Beirs4lh !d(i mqrlih naE mutl€roreyodap€d Many of rhe 'h rerug€B froh otd c,ry, h;.d, nenG took pl!.€ in sh06kr N,$r The r5,. hindu6 jen6of sho mm*d L reach ther. The thBeneilinhaDycas6 hBdmored sre, b @Bidered s BJp6ft!!fiold. oihe! :1i b Efer places. The nal: weE hroken ihsnpbhibitoryordeE :rb, unders;chon t4no ihinss ihbwn our and hurn! or ldot d. pEventive mea3ures Ere i,ken. on rlrh - Dlike in otd Bhdp6l, in New Bhopat ih hoih nichl seled Dulin ltdus. reE e!.c[6d !tr!p. and hous llrs€ .ole lootin, idok ahd by next (omrbr sBon took Dtae ar :re After ihe 3'tudion sorbmpteretyour hehy plee6. rr wasrhenrhainn^ri Rri&. @ntFr. day curfew qE r@red ,n th6 iu aLo pur ::.aetslicesbiionrEasotNevBhopatst s,rb under curtew, thu LnbF dl i.s the entne cik unde. curfew. r66Ed. PsrhlF the BajBns D.l ho& teu Bhop.t lsDecenbet urouE wheb they hald eft of the dL. RetailP.ices mEsl of rhe Pslm E vemneni ihe nidi

Onions victihs had bee. novinsinhord6 b Hi.dE trom old Bhopll,and nullim rroh Binjas Ne{ Bhopd rook shelt€r wilh rheir rerativa. ord nary R cs sindhi DhrEmhal, hdEed hi.du reauges Tie situarion in old Bhop,t rnd labr wbile T T. Nega. stadiun hoEed boih hin- ioNewBhopelbe€eniDpEvi.s Dsycursw Taliya and covindpura 3heueEd ihe Efu- werc suowed l0.omsoulonlhe stFel in0ld ge6.An€! fi eculaswwBsonewharElgxed in Bhopat Fri&y pnyeB, the expected judgthe.. on rhe dc, reE 3r cahps ho$in3a6ou! l7,000vL.im. Puied hnd i. Ayodhla, B,rP's adion ph The camp sitca indudea ralsiou pL.6 g'ahhe dE:icl ihe 8d.sr of irs leadeB in (Piprlhi and Goyindpura r6qu4 o. Baira. 8'ih and Gur, m,hdirs)ischoorsand coleg6 appnhemion. Buiorh*wiseboih in ordand (Subhah Na8lr khool, PGBT c.lleEe)i public N8w Bhopal the situation sBdu,ny,nd stead- p]3ces or grounds (Na$. NisaD c.rony,nd r iDprcved $ &.{obviolen.e is.oncerned sForc complex, BIIEL). The EfuEe6 in- ,rhe dnry exepiions Ere some colonis on either 6ide of rer$i! Road e.d Ja;dar vey conduded bJ serr EhploJed rvohens chowk. rn old cily fDh alED aod ooL vio. Asociatioh (sEwA), eisht out or lha et4€D len.eon thema& it w$ now polie vidlahG .anrx had nixed $oup6 In that 3ufty 37 eFici oElios, on the sheeE and iftide perent ol the 700 lamili8 covered weE hindw. on ths vhore epprcxina&ly 30"35 Butthesiiuaiiono.tbee, sideorthe nirw,ylrhesbadirydoe.ioEied Insomaot The rcri sfe.ed verojhugsi dmll- fl,e .olonie. musrihs kre dragged oul ot en. lb hahy es6 tle, hsr eI rhen hebnE th.ir how8 a.d bum! alive. on th. nighr ot in8: and were left widi no ho,lE td Etuh rd. 10ih clsF INp€cto. Nai was kilred in a Of ihe 7634 people suweyed ih 13 bajdr jhussi in B $clor Piptani. In the u.b,n vil- csDPs, bJ Mrdhya Prad*t via/,n Sabhs 15g6 on the .diern &ontieE attack: led b a (NtPvS), 47 p€runi er€ &oD labourinspoor b,$erodGdfEuslios. JhussbseEburnt [ahili:! Fo! at lssi a veek they stayed in ai,nuhberorpraea on l2rhansAFJawan oFn sEUn& In laIg caDP6 like Ns8a. ms killed in G.vindpuB. Frn thatdal the NiEah Colorv snd Shhjahanabad csnps, srmyabd cIsFsr.dusnrbokcontrclotthe idilet radlili6 waE s msssEthst rhs thrcat ! iiuaiion slthouah incide ob conii nu€d, thi3 of epidehic lodbed lBrcE nre siiu.tion ig aB, qheE coloni6 aE .oi ohiieuoc, md. .aved by the tihely,nd h*sive iobl€iion it Ery for ths.iot€E vho.re to€L ro.p.- b), ciizen Emups. The adninisthtion ih radic,ny ohe oui huru. adlck .nd thsn Bhdper,.n i6 ova.dDision did rct pmvide reiEarlrqso.lyonthe l6ihihaiode!&3 any Eliefto tbe tsoDle in rhe 6nE, By lhe iime it recoveEd eoE iLr aibph, the volun- *hrhoush the qDPvM t aixcd on . Tl,s tarJ orsani.Btiom vaE.n 6nrnd of rhe nle of.tJt leadibs 3itlstion. tstiaical oairi4 vs er Tb. sdminislFrion .Eetv under_ pa.ricu,lrbcorupi.uo$. Notu of jdb ihe.6r€ looL ihe or coordituiins iheir edort!. .abiftr 4ini!t6E d. orhsr BJp MIr! lo.r A p€ of ue rerief m! phldgd bv a.J initiltivs. c.DsE6(I) organi$d rhe rcligiousorehrs ionr. oo @mbumlrru; li.Ft nunbe. oftouE *ith enirat obinsr Hindu sbuF ob.enh6d ib AbIBD Dh!- mihiok6, Arcc ob&deE, an .id .undry atuhlb q,iur and laiEFrh amE Mulih euG ledeE dEtr atuhd.n6 stobDinz Nund re$ler on s mp6 in BHEL A.ps Sob-e help c\tdit howr to rhs sadbnevlE M,n4h seem se b h.v. coE€ f.om B{ohev i Hdi rormd b), JaMta Del .nd r2ri FDnt a6dci, Msie 4 bh"/.*d otqj M,seoi*s; Br*. BrP €re i.ro ihis pictue o,nrafte. help)E ik Foplebld u, b Isrhst AIza ceoor Bbvomment w&

Death ol a BHEL Worker sh.r.oM.Jr".aF.'oenrorBn.sdtoutr B,ha, resor.pbrBFEL,n t06t and.hfied b aropr {ih 5i,i h sr6 {l !r ryo,h^o$n mddd-_918r. s rp, incsado.p pd,, rh(h(d\.na.L"do110Deueroe El€Tptoy"erMd;t€, rcs de s or lhe township sharqMskin6d. Thelamilyhadnevdsxpecledsu.hananackonlhenhouse.sjn6TOecembergrcups orvojh $hoo'ano olegesrrdp.s t.or rFecoonr, a, novroardur sraiq(e.t Dardq.erl,onFo,her. ftevsdidrteyFreoror{lqtecotoly doa.r, anv da.k oLie ror o€ rh?p dar5 drpr [.v *ere ro oocon " pan or rhs n; rhd hrid

&ar,,ourMobqs,omr snras€i-,e*ayrg*rnnr.

Ader rr s.a,,1shalro urme oi:nd c&esredrf "ristb.r\lortomccaao,anrdnorsen.! Burrohetp*asro;F,or1gwn"n

The mob approachod the houseshou ns stooans ot,,JaiShriRam,,.Thdsurdxnded o rrdovq,rva -dbrB arr€, rF"|*erlPry;dcsFFF n s@d\ Src,iq.s (fc es.ao€d d h"" b/ rrstuobo/t@'"badr',rcodnoS%rqw6sr cd A,lorlh,r+pmobtooredanoorhr 'h. ho-e Oly ,hPl S%rq s so

1,o. ocd r5.dFs 5,oOOro. odrsg6rrorrhe go€rrrenl. o ra." rny rea

shdb d_*as(.kdro1 _ " Esrah CmF or2 | Decerb4ro. rT a nBr-e h! *w+al4f P4cre o"o,rr," un" r".. r," nua ,""og. ,

enher. Du.i.s the Phlonsed Dany people dc poscd ofi rhe dur ne the F6k ot the no6 Trcv rFtuai th" r purpo:e durine rho aod.o ihe F,od. we didr dearh ton in Bhoml riob rhhk no-eqn the e@iB ina pemaneni d6ir€; kurd 6L"d h" d,t€ o. in;et*mi- ilrcirr.poia Mustimor*nis*io.3 .rJ, eivins *ope bdit; to ruDouE. Tne highs, 250. rhereisnob,si3 6 iERirheras;eMhtc ou. ,s8snent, is thai the omciat estihate b ,r'uF. A bulLt ndden lea orr lalEsr / ;"; vhie rerhe! dFd dus b rhe @ l"c Etdud'nsihe iJIFe Policeben and the r,,e.av.*t r*^ re",, t-u* *." csr impecbr killed, the omdsldeaih bu eub dn\er {fio ,Lo lEr hB 8uto, b.oken 6fl8 i. 139. nbv€n or ih.n EE ftnen finFE ore crllEapherib rn Urdu Pnhtin€ EE; Ihh. or6snv handsd puui.s lelr we ro *r; ki ed reE musrms.At hGr s0 ;mpbrd. sE some orihe rnruri6 rh.t r,Lr"a t* 6ms erca. Thst eurT.red whet u'enEoq p.*"*..* - e "h,r" (R.. ,srdEd,!bob !'o]ence The""ti,r.e" edmini3rrstbn emnent would terb s sri*$ injury ussble b identiryohly llBoutorthe 139 rOO0)ors'mph inJUrlr& 500r Altoseth.r d TLse 21 u oidentilied hodis Nv be iheBdbhisrErbndenti,ied rnddirrnbut bodies in oalbGe vho are EPo ed dHins. MaY be dnocBeliooon thselins r r09Gs But the nor Thesovemmenr plld tu. 2{ 2 mrllLon in ,he ro.me. and r3 ih the brer. 6sch rh. rrocrs ror which da,ms -eEs.rdsd heaning drtl.le injurie. h difteEnt in long The oavment s6 R5 220hklE BrFBon. cs€. And in loEe csss i * take a ' ri.r'-"* ,*.t"*. l-a, *.*t'. iim. ,o llsgni6e lhe *ay ihe i.jurv will p-.d" r"r.*--s"t*l'd d*t$ i uenc. iheir life haE,lt r. the 6!e viih d'nas€ lbd a.nm,*lhobder".r rtu.F* i,. r h. PcoPl.. simila. h orihe 139 Mdc de.d m Bhoprl,5a bldie6 dBtntlion lor ihe Purp.6s of.oEpems_ ** *";*il""s.tt"", -.s*Er..-2a b nii coleroE.nr hs rou! cAteFria. Moe 72 houE. Dlen for otheF curtcw nade a ;-p.ny lB. 2.000r,,mmov.bl. PFE "bh dilterence lEmilies .ould ndi cobpleh ihe €nv tR! 5.000r, xuchha Hoce tR3 5,000), reoured romelib6 as thetr FliFon and s;Pu(. House ltu r5000r lnthisqror c;bm would hlve Andsorh"l'!'nsare homosenisalion e p'riislly damased flai ib a 't thEs h&, bot onlv vith nenorie6 orhorrible de,th niddle clas cdldny B.ive6 al leas! bulaLowiihrhes!ilrof noihavinsbeeoable tine6 Dora ahount of Elief than , con' conpleie rre riiuak.fh,i lf,h deni,l ol ohblv burnl ihu!+ A &h'sEd Tv -i MUld t p.dibLv ritul sNc€ ror r'efehou d trle Pbe in 3 ;"t ld bm.. -oF thsn.,lld-hi"h raseJrqdsmd br a mnll(Lwq'scEd b tho only souc oalivins fo, a whols feEilv. Dlacei!FrhaFihehBrrs"ElinBcommenl In our 6ocietr, ,beie inequiiia dsline the ;. rh",*riEi"* *t,- dLle.e orp€ople, Ds5urehsn!or&naE8 "r-..,*r-* in purely ho.€iery blru i6 ne'bingles.A .,., ?h6e hebphy3ics or derlh scqune seBiiiviiy to !b4e in€quiti6 alone.,n.e_ nem.ins Esierisl dime*iob whsn ii cohes clpture th€ eabnt and Danins ot i6e lG. Ar $e botton runs of ths victim8 aE Death Toll jhusgi dft en. W. heve li:tsd !i ldi 25 3 pla@ {here they EF comPkbly or p8r Police hnrnr sons ot then wE umurhoE Patsmrilary l 'drL 139 i*d: MGi !.opls -h. wB dlplrcsd i. rh" Men 124 snti ercmachnen! d.iw. of E.enr veE 11 hsv. ore asain b.6ne victiB i. lhee Womsn orjhuEgn b€' ln Police in ng .ioE. ln facr tlls d6huctior fo..rhEe who ln Privale v o €nc. 39' caDe . tu siven'opp.rtuilv vthled ths plae clsBred. the.idid in Acharye N,EndEder NrEa. for iEi..6, Jhuggls: Buhi or Oamaged aalanj5 jhuggie Mt.t k *hi6h wtu bunt t ptiatty aanqod duing ao dors_

Achdrya Nrsr,.d.v N.o.r

appbnmab, 1200 lamilios MG cnd@d hometa* tn tis dstruclton,

qt d&@wDa il]ei thDus,t at wE oE rh.ir pup. , ir i. iDpG.ibls to lLa jhDEsi! rI ofaf,sL 5,000), the BHEI namg€bsnr; britCi4 a N.n b jiuBi drulleB, snd.mI Etf d- boututary *au .nd layins !sw..F lin6. ploJ€d!..pt,thetorsaa6i€so'yof vidid TIe.u ey by rh. rdhinLkstion !u con_ eEmalllBd.E.Shots,kDu.rE .ll,hoE duded, in Rrchn. Nrsat wheh rhs viciiE ihe brunt of lidleu. In an rh6. c.g .ns 4EyerbrcturnboDtherefuFsqm6_th onp€Eitio4r 6oE F!.200 R.. pa uiha 4000. Jsnus'f whe. bet UrsE $.y kE ro - i! of no help, Ev€n i[6 pD-ne driE.aiq ins rh6n burni ptece. D re day !is6 in a 'lqE 6.n bDt on esy r.rr, hE rc hoper€s hoPe u1't sureyod @utd 6E6 Dsning u lhq .E l€IL wiih ho .s.udrv b And aeE 116 e.irs hdsriliiy froh th6 E.i. or... i! pq e%rnb6isc6uh! 6Fo6 c;a den6 ot pucm how6 op!o,i!. who had {t roEsudeJ€dotwhichct,uwirhEsrdb esw view the jlwi setileftli s .n ev6. oDry5,303 ere !(spred. Abrst of R!. 20 39 rqo. Even wheE .dEe @np€tuerion ;* Dillioh 9E di6hibured * bEp€Malioh. i! too 3ir€n, i. beasE. A pai of ir Dd.F Th. vicric ot6laDiii6 li&€ r[i. h+ !k ndabry@Ior th.rinmedDb@Eunn- cob6, h oficiot psrleDe, uircry EeE. rbn Eed! rn the rsrlflmir,s [email protected] iv ?h.ir pci.ion in rre soci,t stn,tuE, rhPMPlis,mmad rb. s339 Po*dthatrh.tr i€aniry ol th. p:ti.ular damse lulleEd bou36 v€B complekly bu! . ANrdii4 b by lhoD, ard thar v.ry' os cap:ci.ie b ots sEwa, od orrhe 70j fe Dit'6 ttuy !ure;ed. w h rho rttrro. Ln . aI s.t 6ubm.r*d in .h. {01 h.d lost sv€rylhing. AdanotrED nave u niryins hs! I .,r.8!n8. Thslhu h@oF ni6;gre9.t dkou6e.houtd rls Btid rn, rii, wheF h,ss sid. tujori, orrhe snd rehlbiri*hon poll(1, of ths Eovehbs!. !.orFopl.,EssltsbDror.d.lleddhudhi i3 psdi.uhrly rcnic in BhoFt :.'principel F.r, thi. i. @srooflivrhshs.tscisl.is lhe .iiy *h@. ,.opt6 hav€ aolsht tia;,. rirrc"he. In predicslly ehry rql,ty lhs d6rbitrer6.r lss boh,iEsbo.h rraEb€,n, :*rrcyed proP€4 rduds thetr., rodhL. Dlnt aol th: suDr.ne crud b ,i6did an.u ri@k!, !rae, s6wiaE esctinoe. cyde soDe ereBs.r oa.c.ist .eGitivir, in b.ft.E T

Ehring ro onpecaiion. rn ihe ubion car peN.l qera fron the lebourina For, tol Iokd br rhose in business (34%) rnd injob. ft e5 ihe cilizen srcups which bok (r9%). rnold Bhopqlihe lsbou.ingFoi .!Eof kE {EdaytodayE lnissotsocjery The pEdoniMni amo.s the victim vhile i. New 3upry.ondu.led b, MPvs hc tsken €E 6 BhoF€l it lE the huij16 end salaried ds€ I .ob ine economic backsround oflhe vi.tie who welo noE atrecled. inienediateretief in rhe .aEFB. And rte eco-totsFFhy of ur workarso ihe votunhry sroups iook era b city ol the 1524 &hilieu covered sbout 17 identi8, Espe.iti.hee&oitherpleyhile

Bevisiting Union Carbide armrelteso,tdore,al..rheqcsraoadv E.91 Dp.croe.s _B.opJbe€TedET ;L;midde!.o,y d'a.ealsrrl sroreq,4 y rF€ s dis.bhd I nde I " vcr'ns ro4a r prororqed esa bar " rhe ;hord o co4o.ation as compensarion. $ 470 minion, w6 amved at n m a6ie;,y ol'o€lsialdgen6dtSUp,"m"co.4sLo5ecL6nllvfl51'. hanne. by a mc-.o ser ro,lh6 rp ctdirscor6 oea.haiy,.deq,iesor dri,ies i6€:d rneo pllpces ol con oensauon -.}€ Eoq"nor lfs so*'lTenr.o$upa0ctan,couredhrni€morrns th.r soyFeo,";..9r.s.b,oxy^:r{ rur.vobeensErLD ahou651763.oropr5aionc.arswa,ef ; ftemu,-sare$rr"",,s *,rhrh€ rri.d€oory. dcdh tldn t6c \de .dontyl,/torarsro26pAc , .,r12 d h€nmP ejectsd *assfhr rmoha.=qeo7s,_., _heg.saicdeda.eeo' . rh6psopte{ n.ied, onnu%'vo e lion. vd dlho ga(v i Tsararow pdi a v.ts d Ldyog sa"qrlan c.Eo 6 a b?J! on tutusr reml€ncelq\.20oaisayc m?td [rand -.mar$sorr,aLgn? a{asga/aredaitne <,4rFe a,op*aeor,.o,onrm.eorn.cdro.*pe.peosr,n., p6s boors br resrH rr ia' . s arhorqh,legorprlnofooanrounc-,sFoldup,€r€ p6$ boobi rhe prch.son.€ dgan or,nabLEaucrdl.rrp -1 ,egard [email protected] cfEme.o,rnrerf ?tiel onwt(iha{rhe.rysoopLar'onsdeDerdenbralvcar6roanproon3t Vdrcl Nof6h announ(€menl ol 6deN'on hs vd been mrde _, lna*ns6rhetEsedyolrhepeoptEsbeskoiacredinlh€tinshedsotBashFalhalaha rhey r6re oondrucred a lemporary * m*sure ro hou* rhe vicrims ofthe sas rEqedy in 1ss4. ad s nce lh€ desrrcyed hom€s and sas nol hou*s, eme o, rhem were abb ro so b;ci. six year atoi the vidims ol rhe BJp sdvsnm6nr. ori endoachmmr & veslook r*lt^" tunnd y6.,s bler rhe shpns a€hrs lo som.oi116, orvd Ti wm 1 "r,*"iu.". ,o sora or ih-r s re,.d d rrs,h emana*e.vrnoeav h pe naps rr e sde *.a he Burpeerfthesim.a,,ry a56ron honsud;d\as.; t, qzs p\i 96 bh, bph@ h., Ne togal ko atag abqra .lonah.4 ."1*," gu. ** b.n:,r, i dd n0, dMde rhe p€ople in r'r'ns,h€m) -r,buiiie mareriat. sEwA E.&eB iold n6 lsrse nuhher ofaus viotence v& @ntmd :aesor6!ofeBd 1s pe oriirybsEinthe 1o nainarery badr. tEiae rhe laE. erdty- sn&d Bhada .ahp alons wilh their nadc! l3nBof ih6elmlftiesBsident.6okihitis- Ih s beaE, lhe sors neaB oll ile lih ood, eeE iivs, torned.one e [email protected], end ell thai he is lenwith. serenivilr. zeerend kepl r urc[. In f,ct rhe EE oloni* in .mciency apart, eveo th€ .umber or Fople GovihdpnB and BHEilE. and lors ofihe xhobokectile par!inreliotandreh.biri6. old .olonie6 dn rhs Erersia .ord a sdoin- tion vorkjsquiis lars€ Etuo abour &h h q6prioM. orh6vi!6 30th DeceDber rpp.qimstsly I,300 rlun- inciden6 of violeG or phy.i6t cbsh6 dia keE mrkad L.rd. r-l ii Le no6a , r rha nol hu.h Fnet.aie ihe Eidentisl lcsliti4- re.ord ih8i ihe nunber ot hqtd @r€ riobE ln Ba.klEdi 6. i86ru' wh.E ode#e would not be noB thsn e rhird of tnL. .onsidehble viol.ms i.o[ plac on ihe n,ght Tbe isle @beated by lhose contB6r_ or 3svenih it6el! s mesrins ot conhnniry eldeE look plrce in JogrpuB mndn. A fe* For,rcsisbhce 60 nunslish i5 oficn ob- bindu howshol& in lhe vicihity lired ihere Ecured by cohhunsltm. cilizeos oa borh 6ately ihrcusholt. ln shskiya colony, the comnunities coDins r.Eeihei and Eskrins iew E$lim &nili6 ahong rhe sow.nnenr ihespreaddrteEioNaremnJ.Buiitisnoi 8erydht quart€B w2nbd to shilt our r. s'Gr rhcse iniii,tires hut individuat, even 3rray, rlac6 Bul otlEr reBidents lomed youth itutancss of !iolen.etheta.quire larserrhsn squad! and p3Euaded ren fton Edvins lile ih,g.innadi.sbd BF!6se insenehl. oui. fhe younsboF a.d sirts fdrhod s mrcb a kiGk or , shop bu,nl in a .oloDy ohcures sDuF rhal lepi visir br iu.E. Ib Bairass.]t, o then srranuoc efiorG made by ihe .ei. N,wuvakAman Conhitk ptsJed s 3iEilar denb or trrsi @lony. over liDs popu tar p.r. olc. In Pu1 Bosd! lhs citnetu cohmirtee ceprion, srided end soaded bJ coDmunal ioqkqdecirionto Lavearh$ione henberof propasanda ioo sers influe.ced. Memory, the oiher omnunfty in esch house. And seledileandpeaeEs,i.v6ts in r*IsFccr, qoheo orboth .onnunili6 Iived tosedier i! rhoE in*an@s or vioknce wiib s EiEai6. one prace. Poa.e .obhnh6 caDe up in ..nce ihar ihey original, neyer brd. And Bafm colony and sblion Baza.is a]so. iF 3nd niEhts dr love. bserhArnes5 Bnd ResideDE in Koh-e Fiza ih s. unu.ual nove cvsn orssbised a@d ror the &iry wagc earn. cdnmun.l vidreocecomes b stiy in rep.rt eB in thei.lo.alily who vere siuck du€ to rle e.d in public Eamo.y while rBhtance cufew. They aLo beld whai m3 perbits the fiBt sil8ni p€ac. harch, in the cuirev relqa. Bui resisbnce ihoE was 3hd n was tion houN on r3fi icelf. The 6Et n,ior .itr, :rtury and d.ep rooled. sone of n is $e level heciing wa3 held br non.&rp potili.at =sult or horc oreanised efioe Like rbe pa ies on 19ih. su&equendy a nuhber ot rihlivsukenbySadbhvatu MEnch, Cpr, ralli6,bd haich6 reE held. su.h cttorl3 rPIrM) Rnd Jonse Dal in some tocattias os rhese, cihb;heersd Derely,6 sFnisne- irnitiiik Moreha, BhopBt cs pe.dilMehita 06 reaction b tbeouihuErofvioleDce. But rirdesensathrnlnd oLheE. Decisive inror_ iheysko spruns fbm s deep€. fnhcm.k :ntion wss nrrJe by Dohsua tevet@Dnit- ol6ocial rolatioBlhsLi.fornslhe hi6bryot In overebetningly

I II. Social Framework

Whon a pL6 wii.d6. riot tatf,e F.r e.n, caDrs rhelbred Elires Eom 6Et iiM in ib L;!ro!y, rls hn'aory ofr[rr placE i. BrEed intf,.lirbtofthi. oEDlml A clo* rodl ei @lonis. w[ich Pir ,.Bior Ahd th€ oni.nt lnd .ouE. of ihe ccd int Es i€Bioh h6rEan tf,e tm li id&banal proplgu& tf,rt a.@Fb. asn- .oDbDitie rto l€wat rhri tiey sE th6s .iom. sel! an aNu.t ofpct p€rhry. i. nor or*id6E, a.d not or Diiv€ Bhopalis. nE .u6.i.ni io ldi6 th. dirt 6in6@* rh.r div€ryere b.t@n ihe im hs (dE rhaD .uLtu a rsruion. tud.nFiva I n L In hirs csnlury ofhLiory b.hind it in ihe city. p.rai.uhr ih. hiliory .f Bhopal imluains All lcounk ol the ;oi. .nd E.ount ot rhe ?l i[ri .f it! ahLtoriml p6ple - lhs nisrantr in i&.t€, givenby ihe netiv*. sre inforned whd r.h aoB th.n 60 p€'sni of rL€ popu- [y . Lit6r 6r!lsi. for this F!d. ft i! inly lsiior . i! ihrt oa hsg€Do4y of d@odrtic $cul.. in trr.i n iEnscen& ihe 6luiou.D6a. ftU it bo3En to bEaL dom in hildu.mualin divide. Ir ie rh*e Eenr yeE. And rh.t SEatdoh i! 6cili- invnibb o!hs. fsaiuE and o$or bied bJ pe.uli,r pi.t€tu in ths 6r*h ot i

I r"br P.p"r"r-' Populatlon & Its crolvth At fau6 . to t .knt dd::t Mtdidpqt corydatun of Bhqrl !!ll poDda.idn !E{i[ (54 p€l6t) @ 1m !4 6. da. o(wid-pMd t ui@, tLy.r.d ihrh double thrt ol MrdhF Prddh (26.76 rildio i':dlriry. MuliDr intJli! city dia Nt f.[ov s.y p.raicuLr prnsn in thsn r.trL- Th€ city u!d.r rh. ELrtk!. pEe ent'I5. old MtiEa@sthoEof ole b.Ioqt oldcit.li.EtuE!6*no..n ia e$ 8rcund ii. A olony.utid. the cily linit3 th. tortid o. tf,. hhouEB 6oD UP Id lik€ Govindpurq r vill.t! ihtt b.uDa r Bih..*f,oIEsi.d&h.Ljobht !.liil!d 6nhrh lilrexeireg.rh;rnd ih6 isl ulinluh- follo*.ny prni.ul4 F.t€rr in the.hoi6 or irzd lin& i! ih. 6outn on U. b.rl. of ihe ld.lity.llomhuto6!d.lmnpin irih6. ii!e. Kllyaor, IIle BlEd aLrd. . [rE en !€tn.elt.,itfr ..tb.mon6thniclim: berna prt of },l,at is ho, qUed BhoEl. Bih*i bGti, Ch.tti$ ijhuEi.. PuBbn Thn expa ion in lhs aEr ofouB. hr! itl .lun or MrBdri colory, Yo{ tuuld find in liii6. A.d could rcl hav. k pr up wilh theE r &w ldndu rEonA LrlE nuhb€r or n$liB8 orvi6 r.BA. lt. topoEBphy oaths in leaps a.d boundr ro over 3700 popls p.r ciry, .s tin a. €m!,rh and 3 lrr eup.- squ&.ekiloEc'oAndih8i!n.IowdeEitJ sbte li[e M'dhya ?iaa*h whM is .eifldeni p,rl,m. Ther ari,inb d&.r cumndy r49 p&ple !.. sq. km. Bui'veh3. thai is slrersth to the lndiiion ofconn!.d f,l. only harth€ Btory. T[. ot]E. her6.ldry3 hoi nony in Bhdpal'. Bui ih6n vh6n a.i.mimd ro dcnosmphy, bui t torosEphy. oDrun,lists indulse in sEon Dd ltteck Ths Pelis.n of huhan 3.tlehent in the riM.ity, wheih.. hinau or 6uliE, Bhoprr and lhe inkr..ir, rririiotu in it! heoD6 &fond@, At th. lBrgd cit, l&l deBity, ! E i"nuen ed by ib peculier bp6e' nBlih3 .oErilub .bout 30 D.Mht of ur€ raphy. The nas4 .nd valley. trlen by stEaD3 and ih. lvo lak* h8u indsnted thc Much orths smfrt in ihelopuiaiion pe[.m. Ii isuBuillbletorconrtrowdsvel. vas dus io imnisBrion. Ths 6Fi Er s3 are,s soprral€d by uninhabiEa o. u.inhab- o.ly plae in ihGe 3etariai ysE ihai p- it,ble eEs..rbey add hsr& b the ciiy Bur €iv€,t both hi.du and Dulin Efueeas. MNIim! fEm nsighbounrs Gwalio. stqta ind olher par& gBvitrl.d ro Bhop .r:k. It People and thek Language was ihen under ! nuslin rulei, rend la.& 4l,fter Hyde,ltrd. Hindu .rne [ecaue enesl sovernmeni telt it, sarer ph.e ror dE'n. xPis6, nGdy 6.n sindf, reE eitld in BhoFat oticia[yabour r,1,500 db]r!.sd tsro6 rcr ,ltorted tacililjes in d,e cit, 'rhe 5c!o.1 m.ror welc w, s,r.rr Biorel /3: ! esnGd i!6 M nra nEd6h s."l ,rhc lnrFlovees ot

Gapitrr oroedr,r pn,vihce5 ind Pelnr) \!eE rDnlv nD;a$i: A/olei Th. cal6Oory 'Olhe6' does not jrsLoe Bd.c F,Fh rinn ur?r P*dsL olude th6 sme languao€ groups a rhi.d m3jo!inp4usy4 FD\ idEd br e h&i in rhe no*h 1o J.hansiraoa,i in t;e Eouth, Men and Wom€n lFn Xoh--Iiz& in ihe v6r io Ba!$edi in laaan ihe eesi, old Bhopal or Noirl Bhopll fau: lwohenpat ) undaeiahto orihe16p.lie.taiion.r.4

OuGiae oa Old Bhop&l ihe fiBlde- velopment vs fllei or Bsihslrn. th 19,{r it wesju*B6Dellvin se 01260 p&ple. Du.irs Nore, Misanr males broushl th6,lam es ihe rend world War nniiary bamcE! EE ro the ciry only afrer they oot sleady e Bbliebed iheF which hoEsd Iialin pri!. rorer in rhe iobs rhus the klio was oner ot war. Llt€r ihe liEt brhh orsindhi rtus€* veE 3ettled heP They wE qllo! ied land as parrolEhahilihiionordLplaced IHEL, Many or ib lkilled labour wre from p.BoE. It sft wtohern iDp.rtentsuburb of south, like xenlites. Bur the unorganird th. cilJ, th&t *s eveniurlly he.Eed with il. rtukilledlabourihailh.publicedoruDder Io c.vindpum Healy Electricali taki.s senerabd weE from vrliots oiher Lihiiad wa st up iD 1956. (eisht€en jaE p.rts. TheJ .anp 1rc6 UP. Bihr, Rajcsthab lsbr ur.onpany ws ns.E€d vith Bhalat abd lrom llisen, Sehore,IndoEand chat HeaB llechical! Limiied, BHEL). The 20 iisssrh wiihio ihe sbte.'Iiu ihe eishties ir Bq km aEa ol rho to*nship 6wred ihEe was ih. mnura.turins Bector thqt q3 ths villasB: Ba.lPiplani and Bash SevaniJsn colobi6 ol the 3snlsE EE Bhblkbed. ln the snd OId Bhopal beano s d$dipiionihai N.w Bhopal. esenlially ni&Ie cbs covennany.sw.olonh. FrcnNishripuri in .ham.t€a $ew with 6eri.e c163. HeE t. riyd dzaadd", (ltiii.al tBde in Eli- Workers and Their Work gion). Once the identit of@Dnuniti6 hr3 Ptuenhge Oistib tan .hs.Eed a.d bshe rerul for !.liticsl t03t 1cfi tory becobe6 ineJilebre. In Briri* adnini- Lvesbck'Foresty'otc1,71,3 sbEdproim6acolonid;tviewofpa Bnd Mining od Olarryins ManLGdure ,E.tmed caniu.is old hNtilitybetken !h6 consrructron ' e,s tt g iwo 6bEu.iti6. rr influe ed the 8.rem Trad. and cohmerce 13.0 20.9 rne. But ib .obe of th€ Indisn SiatB ihe Itrspon, StoEge 9.0 91 nleE, fdr !hei:3! ilal prcjacted a counier vh% ihsrofceniu.is old h,mdn . Th6a Olhd Ssruices prcj{tioN othnbryhy ihe NleB, Bdli.} q Ihdi..i nsy noi he much ule to uhdeEbnd lhe hisbry otFopls. Bur they intuen.ed the loo the originel coune of ohburoljlD. And rhs Egiout eDploye6 ceher6ied hoEins coopEiives vsrisrioG in iE ctrncter. and nujti doried nab. es i! shErri Nasar so, ve nust nBt mb thei Bhopal end sa*smn N,3,r. Bhop,l univeroirr, rhe k5 oeYe. diEcil, adm;nkred by tbe Bri, resjooBl ensinee.ins collese $d otrrs! sdu- ish. Ii ffiB e prircaly srate. Sumunded by .aiiomliNrnulioGeLojoi.ed.Muchof ihe rwo other Indi,n 66k. IldoE snd cqelior New Bhoplr ,r* meprbe ot middle class o, om 3ide andBriiirh adhibisEred c€.kal e1deF. It &u. undd Ma]]etu P.sisP Nas*, Pbvitrc8 and B.rar o. uE oiher. Ii Es sko TaDiiJs Top€ Na$r and HdhihgBDj Folics a lEan sbE. In 1941 ib p.pulaiion *& abund 3 rakh. And it! rEa w$ I ile Do.e 'Ihh Lind oa evotuiion df dre cftt than double of tlle pEsenr da, Bhopsl cty. oa[4a,hLiorydfthecily,lonswhalimL. Thorouldsrof thedym.ij,lbahuldd ranr to ir. For, majoritmE hi*enG who BhoFl v$ an AIahan, DGt MohanBad have no looc ihsB, Nor did lheir oeuP- I$an. He sbo buirr the6pi6l bm in rhs rional shudure pDvids. seBe or ide,rny, fiEt qua&l orihe eirhEnih contury. Ths The obry rio stabls enployeE rE s61e Nsmhi period hor& a lecod to. wmen rdni.Ltnrion.bd BEEL. But theb iheir ruleE, lrom 13.1! io 1926, for tdu aucceseive ..!.kIore ha3 been praciically 3rasaalibg se.enlioro. Thepol ierew.116ningthatE trnce the ras*wo d6csdB. The la.se mjorily rcfer ro horever belob$ b ihe EiEn ofthe iE R float8ah orjobhsE and job seen E. les! N8vab, Hanidull,b Khan(1926-1949). r he, sB sonewhai ,hL6lical in thsi iisy IieEidullah khab M. a etowrul :.e .ul otr &om rhsir hisiory ,nd!tuit peEomlify. Th. lian lic othb staie did.ot :nernrl io lhat or the cir, or their deltiny. pEye!! hin fEm headi4 ihe ch.mber oa ': .r Bhopal snd ib [Lbry did hatler 10 irs Prin.e!. He tuinbinsd co.a ielaiioM nd =siori6l communirie!. It s.verbed ihsir o.ly witi $e B.ni5h bur aho {ith Ga..lhi, r: :ni.rr pEfe.en.6 and 3o.i,l rerstioro Till Nehru. and JinEh. Al onc rime he wa" rh" .hGen Dedhtor beiw*. C.bs"ss and In Bhopal irwG lhd uiionalist a.d Mustin Lague.lle elen t.ied t6 ered a thild r:EBti. politi.al amkening that puiaed rdEe ir ihe 16r yeaE of the R!j. Ai nooa hs praja = r rni€xi lor th. eneraene ofcomnunal- rutblGsry luppE$ed lbe Mandal : orlduesooEreleva.iphrsE6Moihc6 novshenr Bui whe. he hrd L acquie.ce he prtE.i..d r 6urt rt it - Pr.j. Parnl'ra. f.unam vu sh'kn -AI IG&, t!€ les€ld Anrt.b€n h.nd.d ov€rpow. io boii ofthd, sFuna *Aop peEoElity Du.h ofthe poliii in rk hi8 3!.i. &oE h.ihs inbEEtd, BhG al lririory ot Bholel Evolt3. I$e Mulki p.l wg ons oa ihs .& prinoly.t:E tht lffiEcnr lhrbd in6 fu 6H 3n lhrae. ot orna€ld b Et in it! p.liaiel unirr a litils nrri% Bhoprh, ortinr .cru3 p.riiidt and lons.. In iio .nd .rl ihi. deibrit, *a.f @hEruldiyi.io,Pncriauy€Eryleader .ouM in v.in. Ths rihs v.. up ao. hih arrd hi! illq c p.pdt.eBigniyaarrd ik.r. JsE Srn*r Jsmit+lrLni *e pmd- 'IlB dehdhtic bN@eht &riE rh. uck ofthi' DNo.nL Ii ford ih. Nav.[ to Big. orNa*rb HBoiIndia', i. \ith ihe hclp of Th6 h3semny of dr denomtic foc Afshdnisen, b *hich ihe tiMse oalhc Naqb reoeded ai irra ete.tordr levet. In ihe old ci!y, wasbaccd.Ir rhacontextibap t 19,16 a shlkir Ari r$aD Mnth.etc.riotr unibier- b,nd oarouih atrrrke{i hindu shops and a ,rhc rupredty ror elb6t 2S yefs os a cpl sndi- lohple. Naq.L mede a de.nive inisr_ deie.The106jnsqsnd .te.nihcscv"arswil venrion,hd s.nt hn diuEhierAbid, sul&n his former core,Ele the anii.Mulli hi.du i. 5nd h aroas. Bui .ven beforc rhe adhini. PrijrMqdsl mocenEnb, udh,vdes Mshr3 stotion oade efiorE b.ohiiiD ihe disiur of Hibdu Mlha sabh. nnd Bharriya Js.! s.n8h. ouilds the ord cirJ, c.nF!. kn uDidtu subleq!€or ,o tb..pti( i. atTuc, tha elecuom Th€ oDly exephdb ku the cah olrhdiM l\'do unioE (CITL B3iB$rh.oEiiruemy emerrd khsre Jam seDsh ltEng. fl'ey continue to b€ rhs mir hiou_ en in 1967 '^d r9?2 etedioE. Tho ord The ectiv i6 of ihss unioro sr€ mrLed by co ftEncy, which no tonc* .xnt! in ihar tm [a3tus. EiEq by rnd l!r*,llev rE torb, 6hp.i:ed df displa.€a p@pls 6.h @.6nea u, ths pdb.lElr ebptr€ otBBXL Paki:rsn 6nd ruEl aEas 0f l.Ilat wfu rhsn ihsy onprils t?600 dut of'. e.ti@rsd 'nd s6hoE dbiict. Suh€quentty a larse dhuhk one bld labou! foru in the aEs. Se.obdl! or this corutiielcy er3 berE€d *ii}' lhs arms! sn the adiyftis. of lhe unioM 6;- nevly ldmed covindpuE couhtuenry In ieEd Bround the scombi. denand. of rhe ,rw workeB, Thsy hard\ p€mtBbd other6EG PariJ ron slr rhe onee aeqG in ihe riir orthgnliv6 BJP! rle in ciqndpura ws ofille candidaG, indudib* Bshulat ciur. eciribki by th6e t@ Lmit,qceiuF3or reE rroh ihe &na selgh ohpoheni otrhe ihs irsae union novehelt. Psrrr. ?he fiBr .oia6le b.eskrhhu*h Fliti: Initi,ry lJPt inrluene in ihi. rEs. c,lly and orslnharioDatty, ror ehai i6 now liLe eLsvheE i! rh€ ciiy Mo .onnned r! called Bharijya Jenats parry (BJp) she ib retuss. ay the eighri6, re 6houtd.4. , the eBbitu. A.d it €n6 iDnidny in cd rhe.har.chrotrhe rr4chshsEd By now* indpu8, the epi.ebire ofthe working cl5s3 comprired lBreesetuemsntsorbienE who eE ehployed, sonewher nEsuhrly, in lhe The rrsde unrcnDo!ensn!irBhomr .mer indurnB Lks rh6e in c.vindpuB oris,ror€d in the orry lods when rhe Nr;b rn.irLr) un't:. or ere enFFd in coMituc- 3el up soos &doris on the nolihsrn ou!_ .rhry rion s rk snd hyrisd orher d.,t, qR wor(, ikl6of the ciry tn(lud.e ilB,srh. orss sriomtt, hok.s * ws ih;*ojd ni4,surrr snd the t mous Shaw Produc& ge.e.riion of BH,L employs nnd rad.ry. orher rnb! ihe *6btishnen. oa Hsew rspbr uorkeE who pbvidsd rhe bse for (India) Elechicab Limiled led 6 a tomid,b; BJP. re Min sdiviliq wE cenr€Ea ,bubd irsde unioh adiviry. rndian Natiohl trade civic il3u6 And rehsous sath.rsF snd uhioD consE (r\TUc) ahd All lDdia Thd6 union (AITUC) c..srAs kE ihe teadils .on6cr and nobirlarion for dre E rp ,ii n

ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS Changing Choice con.Ituenry 19s7 1*2 19$7 1s72 10, 193r' 1935 l09o Bhopar cP cPt cPt cPl BhoparNonh JP rNc(r) tNc(t) tnd NewBhopa ' tNC B3naqalh aJs BJs BhopalSoulh JP NC{I) BJP BJP Gdvrndpura JP BJP BJP BJP ir'ore' l, 1952 " conn ruend". m nol.oTpJabo unissr.e BhopJtrs a pan c sr6re. Iot ed,M.on dd norrema r 1rFa,,ortr. \c.rno11Ndin.n..hEess, Jp rsrabpaly BJS. Bharariya Jana sang,r, BJp Bharsriya Janala pady, hd. - hdependenl) .trniateJ. A ls.se .dntinsE! of Ls. swsk ih ths partiensni Suohssl ChahdI Ves of i.ab! fEn BEEL i. ayodhyr drie Dseibei BJP @n def@ri"B suEi AEi@h of J.E6 TLs dv€r rrme a FBdorical w.dee D the Dar,hd rhe con*s! €naid,h rnkeh. oLb..r preeFrG orBHEr ebDr;s hnd MaG!. Ati ra,an Prbudi (w rhan labilisst ftln hir h dar! emelstd They Dorher,ssidgi3 s Fndidn ofNaseb HsDid- kresupp.rtinstNTUcorcll.u ar rre @rk PlaF hur weE rcrDs for &rP jo seneEt AJtzr eJPcam dectioE toFft rhrhe6rsis rnelt rheotecuoGbtheAEr.6rh in M,rch 1990, sunder t4t Path bs4na held lirc ihe €ishiieoi Eraburrr Gour or eri chislMi sisi B,butst cour bs6ne a cabi- {on in cdvindPu.a dnstituenry. nd minjsisr and BsjranE r)slsot s hoost The,hfl uen.eorBJPs Nsq Bhopet BajEns Dat in BhoPr, by ,t sc. Inn,, v it D^ h","d coun6..esm. tona!e been mor6 arselsive mainly andnE the Maralhi hiddls ct,s. As io iE pGruB th,n ekseheE. pa.dv it ws3 fonune! of conFs dEt,red, BJp 'he sa,hed due 6 ihe r,ct ihal BrP !E in pv;. sobe m€nbeE of rre Dat veE el3o BJPcooom. e.ce, jhussi dveueE we.e oncouEftd ro brs Like ihe mtionat pEidenl orth; Dal se le in Ne\ ahop,tsEsj b! tho c.Me$. sho i: ako e B.IP MP. The BJp s a politicat Th s &nrrous stlaE$ orur,nsjhur;6 h p8rty imlLded in ik pmsrhme civi. riu the srectorut and balrb€ eommi isu€ and @nDnon itrc.I]rBrD. e,snhe!. Ad BJp $on,rqrhc fiGt rine ,h BarEnE Dst E ndpa.thLrerD Lno;to brs codh Bhopst bornrheetecrionsheld,nrdas andi! 1990 oncofthe nd m.$u.6oathe BJP {hen ii ac:Ded tbe plarnhenr was to The canpaisn asai.si evict lhac jhusgi nutiDs in dweneE. crddes sI rho Ish, Er etedenk, uier pm. fhechanse n otd Bhopatrss moe due moE.h tdrcn threst.hi4 .omnlhated in'onriheh'ndu5,nLic the dmo. d. rw 31aphk belan€j ih{ reIus.id becohe @ prcper ran' sansh was drchaamobg th:, ofrndD r rcdi rion a nd tu rtue. rher o;d& rctutsee scut.m€f6 The nEu oro"-. ,[email protected] ynh paki6tsD rhghsub+qw snd rred ty rh; mddedlhe klln ia inbins:@ny inbrQab! oran;!her rtiErhase rqr BJp ti ato FimnEed rhe Fllsiuns FmrIy th,L 3uRe6sivc peltj cr min,lc 6ver.. 4danG . rherhtrtrtvFpu n,ehE d ihe ct E hih ap@ed ihe;Gln *e,iord(iryareas An dne lhemust,r. rF. m noriry ThB Bneret I'he.arres an edded d4rh orshakf Ai, Kfian;nd orzi w,ndul direNion inahopul. It sas ruled bvDUitih ItG nr msrkad rhe and ofe^ era cPr;.r No$shs.rhcppF qhosiher;r pa ysufleEddurihctheehersebcywhenii HDdu sabhs omPisn ,bryL the :uppori4d con€Ess rp;re* on of AmonE ihe dtd cie hrnru subjecb so rhe !hmcnls orlhe cur m*rine, s rew h,deEh,p, deu k\ eh' Endy plevanins ideolosi.dl canrpai*D here ecquiretr hisbricstho| TheE!E no incon. rc* to hsre rhe lomnEndi;a that Fsitioh v..ieh.discon.inuiti6, likeBrirish.ute. ri i3 ih3kirari and his Fcneratio. of tettisE Lrr ar one lons chlio TheE€n!r,riotrB,p6ecame5h,r!amonf frdn Doi Moh,bhsd rhe Kn,. to ihc prcsenrsolernmeblaiih.ceh, nud mwilhvourh hsnf zhwaiE.di,b". Th 310(!tfrlvourc.n,mtr ralrdEes. nLrdsdrq,dh Thai sxplains th. evenc on rhe ro'er cc mqsrju*rnrrion iErtwodslsuf !iokire ror rho es*ssivc notd Bhop,t. tiihe anpro.(h Fdophd by rhc communBlorFn! *t eredions borh BJp !nd rheoflicrt con. lsiiotu, lilo lle aqEnFDat. ;ies lcrto theihdepc.deoi,rehet.andidaie The .aDPAi6-b of :aiha cober$,AriaAq.et .on*ru.rinP s. Ar!h.ciiy revet, tnen,y' G nat.h.d by rh. cL,Bcrer and stucture ot the orsEni.ation. In tbe tr! AajnDg Dal in periicdar lnd lJP thEe EeE ih€ Dal 6et uD a nubber olldt! puruu in seEral h Bhopd, lile elevlEE st mohalla lewl. The ctri.n a.e .allsd $.a- intrie@u!try,aade.a..edlpasiBpo.tant pstis. coE nembeB aE runed io rhyoicrl symbok arcund ehich th€ir 3ciiviri6 ,E voven. On rhs olh.. side Bhopal ha a larEe pan of Dalt PEeiaEhB rnd proesioE. nunber or Eo6qus ( ow. 470 ro, 3 l.Dr Ii3 cheBder i3 b6! E0ect€d in its nuslim, Ebins ty ihe MP wakf Boad f's' slogsn..'idAdra Ara,,i i. @.' (6urd3 uE3). The hindu lor.s nBde a debminea bid to cspiuE De* apa.6 rnd mt€ then Bajmns Dal'3 h.sdquetuE in Bho sacEl Ons of the earli*i Eu.h atienpt3 psl dre located in Jehslstrabad, mi very l|r !6uried i. teGioh, in 1932. frcD ihe offe orthe sl.te s DiBto.c.nehl In Sonqels eEa, ne Peer Dar- waa sr @ng*!ed cca rads, hindu 6rc6 *ii!e in Golindpuh ih BHEL aEe, T.T. deided b orotrud a templ€ 6r DUt3! Mah. Nags!sndShdsbiNa$rinNcwBhoFaland tical nurlim obj*ed b ib location. l. the Ba;aEarh Si$ifics.ily ik celhs ordctiv .onsequsnt dklu.hsn.es lhEe pe.ple veE itJ were neithe! {orl placa nors.hoob end rero lo€lLed lnd .olleEE Bur, Esidential areas. Adual or. eaenturuy lhe tenpls did one up. The orta. I' ss.iserion wG onenlrated in niddle cl*s siob 1160 saw inpcition of curr€w, po6sibty eod lo*e! hiddle clasr.olonhs.Youth inihe ror flE fiEi tihs, i. ths 383. Todey in pdpu- sEe grolp ol rs 30 lorn the bulL of Bej.ang Iar pa.Iance the t€npi6 k refelEd to aB Dsl. MoE! ot ihese yourh aB unenplq€d CurGw Devi Mandn. Aliar BIP crb. io second e€naralion misE.k. The, itulude 3 pow. risht oppolite the deiiJ, with foldsrt subsiantial number of eDsorBHELehptoy- hen&. rhe sbtue or Udhavda! Mehl!. csne .4. OtheB in i6 lbld aE uhenployed drop. ou13 6on lokr hiddle clas. Ths seDeBl ln the lst ihEe reaE Bajr.hs Dal iopression b ihat m6r of ilEE are fmn erered nsn, chabubm6 and shest @m€r whal ale call€d beckwBrd es6. Hoqsver deilie5 alt over tbe ciir In ths nei! artery one shodd nob thai orEanisiioB lik€ B8jBbs ior&oroldBhopalihe ne{ryeE.i.dlacEd Del,ouhide ib.orc,arenoistricrlystsakiDs spdc* did be.oms e metucins thut to llls h;hheEhin bsls,l o.sEnisslioo:. A Lrs€ nudin 6nnuo;lJ.Toi6youlhiheybecsns sedion 0oak in and oul oril3 adiviii6. Abd slrbol3 drtheir erodiq slaiB in ihen hlbi' i6influenehasBpEsdeoosiDbtheunor tai and in socisir, Ar ai the mtioMl l*el, ir crhised Iabour loE6 qlsq In the iob, in i. the dispuis ovo. luch e $cEd 3pacs.nd shastn Nssar and SsEsvaii Nasar in Nev stru.luE in Atodhya that inlom th8 .on. Bhopll nusliD hou66 were sele.tilely tsr- bntstury reF.ldry ol sFbok, it lBeN b . E bd b, s hBhly ors.risd, ofisn snell, hsre sBErvat d ths oDp€iiiioo ror.tn bsndotyouth. ButinBHELsrsatheDalled lures and spaces, saqed or pbf,ne. And & Bobsnotalloawhon neybe oeEbe6'drii. this tine ElisioE rrduE3 plryed a Nior The leadsE ofcouEe weE hot p.rt ota mob', rcle, A(odins to Hindu Ehts Mlncll lBddr but vere highry odivrted abd exp€.isn€d oE Mehb Ol1o imidenialry n en ofutlhivda orEsnileE. tn lhe old ciiy p€lty c.imimls Mehla) hore than thiny t€mpled ftE &b. wE inro.Dal[ part orthe Dal. In fei ite dE€d dr d8lmy€d durins lhese.idh. Ihrt nsiuE or violen.e ; an indicato. of the Dal perhrpr includs sons of lhe 3heel d..e. chahcrer. Al ms.y plscss shopd Ere lmted deiti* &t up by BejBrs Del. Malib. point out t[e ds!rcr€d E@3 ror wbich tIsE n f no E6rd or count. The ordel i.I n 16 iion of a miior !6rs did ml huch slIed templs ord 5 EcquB, &D.sed d dBtrqred. oocisl Elario6 ih ih6 c,ry. Aut rodJ fiE The adninhtr.iioh olteEd to Epeir or re. y..B Ierer a 106r isua, Asdhy', rr ir brild thse 3iructuB The nu6lib @DDu- inbErekd into the mrioEt hrsiBrre'b,. nit], eldaE sE ooErarinE. The hindu .dE_ Thh pahdq is unfiiiibsty Eneced in the nuniq readeB hsve 5c.epr.d rhs ofi€. al a parricular a!di. esdlE ptayed by lhe ha- aohsl level. Bu! iIe urk i. ml beiog FF raudi4 Ma.u& ihai k around rh6 cui hiited o. rhs 6€1d. Thi. hassivebanih, l3w hound hi3$t . Ir spp€aB rhe cBnes pE.ion th,r polticsl v*&d inet€E qnt kE plsrins t[e d.opbory of onnund ro rebin rh6E i. daDasea 6iei€. psrhaps hoh. @rdsd fidh ![e rudio rn.k of @D- Lir) ihe D*teredioN Thu. Ayodhys, sot numr rioi s.eB in Eichard ail6nbooush,3 inteFred, insmbol'c ertu inb the lGl 'GEndht. Tllu ih the e.d Bhopal too joiied dispursd 3trudu6, whoe hirrory hssjult rhd lons rL! olohmuEry seEitiw' citiea. The nob vidlere ihis iine brk! s ruming The ircny of ft an ce! not he nGled. poinr in it3 nerebcholic hi.tory. Paiiiiohs @tional n3ue Ehredio aorh,- III. in indbcdniMie violenc, by the Forie, lead- 36t€ ihal lGi ik distindilen*! a.on ths iba 6 innocsnE *&i4 k led. Not an iD- .onhurol te.dencis p:elent in .ivil 6&i- st4be3 oaFolie aciion, hoeG. €n he, o. siyi3 i[. p.li6. A psrtofirks due lo rhe ti.i should be, temed ss ,src3,; tiri Mutd bs thBt th€ .utiry leiy n BJP. Tbal govs.n. p6bnil, .ku'd wheb ihe roN ws ansrsed ment *$ dhDked on 151h De.enber. Nexr in pft.h.d haid* v*I bdbo, day Pai&nr,s Rule, or 6nhst rule hy pl]ry, Bni what omritnr6 sn qq! G ihe cane ihb efte.r. Th$ du;.s rhs .rucial kind ofvidlence that ir noi p€milt€d by law. wadc of.ioG ,nd rhsn aftemalh two difier Ard tu inromed hy nalafide i.bhtidE like eni. snd rivrl, pa i6 vere in poEr Thi. connunsl bis. Thbuchout ile .iiy, tulrina cb3ng3 did hoi EBke aby difiere!.s to the and sender. tind P@pls bl6of pdice. lniheiri.abiliiy b @niEI and omPlai.sd olp.bce rcoiE. ByrndbrF enlain ihe tsuce obdnd, ihsB is bo noii6 rheaho.iti6 mE drRted sFirol mut, ahle ditr Eoca bstwen BJp e.d c.ns]*o. AEon ,nd hor, mot*tanon end murder - so much foi the ratevame ofdilrsEncB hs_ ch8rsB aFiEi Flie ver 3erious ana tfteD tsl ic't paii€. or fi.tiotu sihjn, huhorcu' We lBve Efomd to.ohe rtscitc th.t.ane6dominaiethepub)icdi..ouE.o! cse. el#{heE in ihe Epod (chspler r and theAMexuB). th6e act3 .dturirure a ctea. Poheex.es6dunnsscri.haEnor viol*ion oflEr, (sE Box ,@ dd r& caud; il ex.eplioE due to the *iseD.is of rh€ !itu_ dtu, Bur e fa! Ebvetnnsnt has mi inirist€d dion, They are a neighiebed reno.tion ot any nea.ibsful adion on ihse c6eE. ln ppre$ivd nortul bensviour. ln pe icutsr .6ad ii h* adkncsd a lpeciou a.$rsnt polieEen aE L'ovn to go bsBerk wn.n on€ rh.t rrioD wil be raten afie. the judi.tit ol theb sBts h led. rn Bhopal th8. p.l!6- enquirJ EnDtuion 3nbhit! iis repoi. nen kre rrin€d: in Jetrbgnsbad on ?th, in c.hhi33ioE appoinr.d uodsr th€ conai.- subha3h N.cr on 9or and h cNindpur,.n ,ioM ofhquiryAcr, rs62 (s. 3).E pimtl, !2rh. ail.Gr th€ff E im iEelc8riured insiis.rir. in natuE. rtsir Fp.rr. Lik - and lts Guardians

Pa$ive padicipaiion in oorin q and a 6on wilh BalGng Dat n Jehans rabad Pemifr ng mobs ro cohmir noliri6d ofien.es in

Scores ot yodh iiom otd ciry: A-t s oecemb€r B 6arin q youlh s h ahJahana bad .nd Jehan aqtrau d por(e ocr up.7'n 10 oe.emb6r Oad rMark MotiM*ld:9 Decehber

Dojudicialssnctiob. No. gre the, s substiirie tur adiviti$ (pEvention) Ad 1967 w$ used 6iheduepbcs!of raw. suprenec.udla, sn . rhe nehoh q do han on rhc ona.Bo. caLesb.icEllj dsGJ set peeed,nss Lefo.e , ion onislhD{Anber rhcAdEoi;ns rv pr@ecd'hF for vhL(h lbould take otae 6!. thdt {s5 nsdE Fs. sjblo onry b}an,nendment,n rqt2 wh;h edjudic,iio. as ku s a*edin; punbh. brcushi under the pudiewoftreA.tce*!in D8"k or aflordibs .erief.. lsbio otrGDe- dlfem6 coaeEd i n rndia n lemt code Thesa i,ka v3 union ofrndia,4 scc 603, 19?7). ofibnes in ilm vlm rresut!oran aBebd. 'rhw ihe reNoB aJvanced h, th. adhihj_ heni ro rhe c.ds, Dsde in r9.i9 eld 19?2. raLion lor hoL rsk'hs adLon aF Br Flre. they nxhde S. 153-,\, I?C menlionen ear ere noi vsld hh* lier Td put hoE bt.ndtJ, somaboLlJ on. Thc soverDDe.t! PrcEcrile nriiude 't ro*a!& potiem.., iiespcdive oa pady in cany, under s.1s3.A. He k not Dios4ued powr, qnnot b. scpasted tioh rhe Er tb,1 BuihG ors€.i5'iion is banDedu;der the^.t h4 se!,n in lhe ddnini,harion of.riDi.at {hich jurice. 8eh sandidn &oD rtrat ven sedion t. our sFLh ,I pmkuiioB aE r'A,ihailE norspptien intbefi .ondddeJ BiDtae. inrhensneof r}csiate,rndbyth. TLis i! e ridiculoLs tarce. 3iek.F3iture un\ or linseEs wrlfut hrdr TXe Flnics I in,DlrsioE of Lhe oer n6! in pr@ecution have becone I cdBmon kBDtu inircdfed in riedc of f6atuB in Ecu lsw ree.i tihes. T,kE the .se of ore m,ny Th. e*ient orpunbhmrt sur. BsjDna Dal in BhoFl. h vss eneae.l in a g!3r2d 6r rheor,rrnsD taworihet,hdls vniou3 c.hPisn prchorns ls5 of snnirj be. A) ! mor 3kincen! rhsn ii L for I nehhe! tqeen of 'mn6Er8rou53rcup6,rs 153 A),isRnrvof un awfureo(iatroo undertheAd is ro, J siving pDvoc ion*ithinLni6 obrsininabsrssmsrohessFrhs;h16. ece ! riof r53)i G *ructuEd itslr on c$e. Frustnied by tlE ease ufth whi.[ !h. Dilitari*ic libes, .olle.bd srtu and eee& m€hbeE otb.nned jr! orsbn€ahoh $ere Ft. ,xhibiled theD ih prce6ioB (ctr. vL; ii.3hair. s senior ooicbtofLhs adEin!rE ch vll..lt,Po. Nutas,nSre€se i6 Es. tion t€rhed ine Acr ,mnhhss,. brcdr$iroitie'therdurriRtJIsBJpruteor a! the.redi hitiry oabol meEr, th3 sLie bur lav iesllj3 nfter, tor !i.s ofisn.cd. rEt$d, ths unlaw. .orbded ih ths !ro.e& hol et rhe va] in

I. Ehich it h no.k€d ar "r es alEsrsd unde. rh€ms.a,viouE. rnoldc y wfi eh 32 FEoB the unrawnr I krivil iB (pEen6oh) A.L r€d qera krpp€d'n. burtdiq6st injgn[,rihreed,Eb4'u5el@tuFr bi.:r on fi;_ smv peEonret did a donns Htus iob. rn r; b.irend theh toroIIviihout,avba bonds r ern6pheB ridden dtl: broion iu4u.ib sLlr belons ro P,ss,rheHome t,hijter.duld ,ndss!ny,ihss v.lotLhesrmyDrdided; sei me re dB*ted any lina ifhe sd d6iE', 30utr ofrehef. rt,ot conroi This u3 Babutet ciur o. hir e.Esl. B€ins Bnec.kd under.rimmrchsrs hr g trrue. ortumreniihp ihe rleeitmi.iiion orhrid curing B nor rhe 'urhoirly 3ame sr ie,hE for. by ca)lins in $e e.nr.lt6uE ato bs banhedbya rivsl FtrrstDedv The Lre! kepr in n,hd IterEs rnrbelfthemieoilsl h6toB on mm @ls, p.hiicat lesiimaq ,hd orihaamy bo s€uihsdBwn inr. ihe 6sne heroism A hemn@ i.deed reillerer hv ii. debil jkLinsph@e naiuEl vic6. as the Ft,e. Forhrrdri- Fl.*3dro the hdian aroy.esihenE aE The assodiats of BsjBna Dal rhdm shuctured on ethbic onDunsl tne edhinietniion diyi3ioc. If was.,bh ro ihhobili6e daproyed frequ€ ty and ry arml were thGe accused tsBkk iD spsinq .haraB ot intcneniion in.onnrcb or crqrii.;h .A" Alto*trs. r.050 tdls sn ohino$ peoplevereqresred turD. An th*a raB. r;disn in 949 cs4of subd,b, arhr, sr ihe lstioml levet, hes rshaioed tisr mbre. rr hasr 1s0 0rrhem beto.s ro sloof rrdm anJF.liticalbre. Thev,lucof rh. Bajtune Dat Eut no on!,n Bho@lGni; prri. urar tes tu re shoutd noi be tosr Ai lea3r ihe ou6me or sse.. M;nv sco4r on rhose rhd 'hcs. who ats f.m,t,ar uih the ffir.dd. w' I nihu be !,rhdre; d kn niel hr6D or our rerahbou^: unpuEUsd'he, iersbn itBJpcoms hsctr b mwer. Ths Benslsd*h snd lurm (Mremar. flur0fE,ri orBeFne DRh Juded! 6 The Tergens herween obo arn ot rhe unw rinsms io -. bk€ Bctoho;m m. ihe5taie,nd rfi eorher. lreile4this.iio.or ricc ihc haF ud me rn a dare or bct;i theFrh. force. an,r ihe dme;4rhh qinifrrju*ice5FtehaE raA nrsm PshsFrheorthem nd the o.r! &., w, b:dnw" h toB &rins s e tini!on ihe emq4 of-s6b iniene ion. Even i. rho L€t of iiD* i! is Thus iho r.iture or aie in BhoDer detds6re-hdhcr [email protected] &s tutins .iok is hoted noi neEly in the acL3 orc;- sdunon b co'nhunal mi*ion,odomiss DiLrteDs hnh^& on hyihEorthcipohr,ctrt d,mcul b cxped ii ; rho onb-*-- pariv. Norcai be (om!hrstyerptsrneLl rr h, FLiiraren,mhmen wherc sh@u; hi f!ilure orone aa.rcy or dh*. rh;,wi._; o6ca are earins i o rhe poFs ofthe srah. ercso.ortherudr atsyrcm snd rh; Ezit. rEm above snd ihi$rionoro ksrnm*erort,kcpori!eh;\e Gom hetoa Yer d€sthed noriotuof3taG a.d dF€d,tioE ob i6 Ete croconrrthuhd to! rcum\e!! lhBorch]efr (onrinuero,ppear,s!sotuhon,Frh,Fdue ih. sb E 6k ns r4ore 6 3 n 6!D 6thepEerrut nnu.heo(3t, +deotosin neasuEs: by ihvninaanorher 6uErior em ourpolnyandsoci.ty. onecanneve6shisn or iha Jh the nrm, And u"; r r"_ en.raing ealny with the help ofa force Lke cisF r BhoF t8rillu, Ftun al s(dunb ofrha Fopl. the Th.rokof!!mouns prcFFndan mk orRrmr end ctsFhas hFcn erepho,sl srr rhb.ainoLba underestrhaied. tnbeithu. rirr Bhop,t .ionhadssarurarycfiedonlhe nfFdrc-6 I nsdei!rcedr talahdoder 3r a revek ofsia6 sdni.isrEiio.. siruandn Ai nrny pkces titc in viclihs rel@ned civil Eocieiy. The cohEunalGi wo.td vi.w Womeni sunl-sunal baat womcnwere rh. mod rJled aboul M.rmsdunng rh.ddlbmce in Bhopat. anc t.6st renliol€d .fie.hc dinu66res 'rle o$m rFar 3€D6El6 lho M kind olgap s€€re tr inlom m.ny iN*rgarivo 6pdi3 on ommunaft€nsions.'nlo And il ennot b6 €rplained wilhoul 6l€En.s ro the hys in *hich p;ridchy p.heates our culur€. Pardarctry op6rares sirh tam ty 6s the b6ic u.it. And 3o do6 @mmunstirm, h m y ways Wohen oi @h com munily becom6 paseive supponeE ot communat idstogy and prdid; a susiainlns soppod bas ln som. ks they ar6 also ad,w p,(icipants rh vi.teiioe, W. haw relercd .ls*here lo lhe es€ ol BJP corpoElor, shakudah owi. sha ted rhe mohs in m.rry rocahies in BHEL *ea aid ir nN charc.d ,irh a6on, loot .nd hurder. A5 .uppon6c or 6m- hunalism, rh€ ssdq ba36d €xpsnene and id.nli\, s* submorc€d under rheir ret€tous

Bd wnen rcmsn sulrs mmmund vior6hm, rhey eff$ .s oppre*d 3ubi;cG ot paldarohy. \,voh6n d rhe r s6xuaury as man! mosr Etusd popeny.'rnat €v€n rhe iop€rty. Less possess Viorence asainsl rom€n ol rhe olh€r commontiv becom€s s ad ot vator aid Ne' rhe ererlY.. comnunat hob hus prcqd€ .deotos et @ren sLLl Jc's aG bd. i.'qhle.ed eyprc*,on otoay ro d ay strudura violence lhar is inbuitr inlo parrarchy. Al a n umb€r ot tocahie .Ille in Bhopat eme; were sobj6cl€d b va'ious loms ot sexuar violene. Gp€algd shbbins ot a 16 ys otd gid inchandbad,lhebrninsrodearhorMosomBninpiptant,thewordaiiackonapr6da m; in acharya NarendradN Nagd the woman thbwn our or hd rhnd od house lho is ver b

!edbvapar drr brurarfy. a[oqe,h rBhooa weudpG. d .d oc, moder rcpo6 Lo+rr ip. rF.ep cas6. La,q. nLTbpr 'i w ih p:ner niu,ies in her ulerus d ied lwo d€'ys tde. Abltn l so eomen were lreal€d * in pa enIs

n ot one,s dn communily rhe samc pdrtrchy is

.r'd Gishol o oesoa'.d'..preae econos lusl,ariontol rhecarcaruruorrheenenvcommunirybu lovsyeaG (yardnkkke b*thon au arato. ka lsoe\) ,i,sv,otrko1 o'rhe. ode, (o.'pm flrh ne pop €d"[ry oe.or*he surce ol p.imordiarpasions. and ruetme @ge aga ns! rhe orhe. commun,ry. Fterc rumouis ptay a decisive rcc wnd DlP! otmo 4rshol Llpp,rg rape. qJrq rcpoa.d rpd cufl ng mF,; he.u t *eet 7 ,s DpLeTo.r. ot 'ng sonc lhe da,t,ss h elped rhe cncu alion ol tu mou 6 and sramped them wirh adhenliciry,. Humourshwever.6Dondiltonedb,ythepo$ibitiriesot.onfima on.Ordent6t,tnc*e ot sexual Vo ence againsl women rumouE ar€ iEe rrcm su.h con

o ila,I aryaN.@t,ddd \.0a,. pp,ldps o6c.use in rh; pEnot€B . @lr inaae aaons the lolloftE oaserheru s no pelbilry olsftlalosia.bm and s palridlar inrye of the's]Mu', B.!h lor the Mctim. she wG, aier lhe Ep6, killed bsed on relisiow idsntit. Doubile$, ele- PGgnanr women d6ri6rcd habies, nenE orur6e inagls sE t.ke! hon con- pBmaturcly in some cds, in lhumai c cn tenpdrary Ealit , slbeii out ofontdr snd cumsl ces.lnlb6hLmG jawom sav€ are pqjsci€d heck into hbtory. rhu even bldhroachild hereighrh,onrhelnslfr oor jbt receo! aisnnt: to tte.ity com b bslhvo ihat they sre rhe heiE ol oppE$edhibdu del vered the baby,look it and En lor saiely. subje.h'oriuslin rule. fie ovoBiire p.Per She r€eiwd prcper med m atenuon afiet ol lhiB kind or prpasanda tu al6d b'.ked by she managed lo reaoh GandhiBhawm camp suiiable orBani6riioul ehdtc, lilJ BsiBng live days lare, ln thal camp lhree women 'rhe gilih ol commuMlLn how. look p a.e in Aril Nagar cflp. MPvs suryey svcr. G Mted in the poliicel shd noral ds- rolers to de v€ries in the camos at Narela geDeidlidn or lho .itJ. this is not a resuft Shankai school, Banaqaft and Chandbad. herelyola.oUaFe orv,lu*!o.cepEvalent, Dodors who vst6d the camps noied diar now dhappsEd. Ii is ,b ibevirable oukoDe fie4 h qh b 6d Prsurc, PalPidion, d€sE ofan s.oloEic and 6ocial pro.eB, ADd the qcessive lessnes, ure,us inlecl on, b 6ed. pace ot it. The .itJ h* sroq moE then ten ino and me.slrualrensions and posl lGu. tiDs! in & span of lour tu.adea oo its nar malic disordeG amonq women. None ol rh s gitu prlitcnb a pamsoent. yet tmBitory, sufferins ii must be noied lalls inro Ihg stnla oa poor, uneEployed, undeEnploysd cateqory ol i.iury aderined by rhe oovem- snd thc uoenployable. Thor eE aLo.o - le$, in searh ofa Bbhlejob. and perhap€ F.habilation eolicy ol rhe oorem alsoola hisiory.'Iheyareoisanic.llylinked ment is also nor sensrive Io lhe specilc bihes@ill ciuE thai mrgi@Ii56 ihd. i6edsorworen women everywherc com Soonerorla.errhelawolmolioni]lrtcovern rhis ki.d olso.ial orncr aE bound to enier asses, compasing only male orfi cials, never inro a connici wiih lhe rure otrsw tlat so!. ehsit.!!cnthesgencG6otthest,b!reioo rheprocedures womencou4normanaq€lo rsrdrswn into th& coonht bLe rhleloplay qet whar is duerorhem as a iqht. rmmedl. the rolo that b thei. bounaetr duty. And ihng atary afier lhe dors rhe Prme Minisler an- the .ily csme b pbvide the ahhemy ihsi nounced rhar lobs wduld be qiven lo one tlaElorE s NFE:ftla Glo r @r'flid Hcnce member or rhe lafrily ol the dead lnBhopal anrlikhpt 10 resBl whar eppeac bbe afrer rhe kirrings, in msny cass, women inexoiablepro.e$nuihaE.ahdtheinnu-'! eamins memberc Look at became lhesole enc6 of s iaftr o ! coD munal ideo loEieB wha[heyreceivedasparlo, thispolcy. 113 In th,l seBe thc iniiierives 6ken at rhe popular level, by individne16 rnd sroupg 1 39 k ed Accod ns to Ihe adm n stal on in reprsenr a hop! Adn ilhdly ib. ir slEn stb tha$lamilies,manvheadedbywomen onry ai pE3ent b wry limibd. But then as ihe 2r persons aG in emp oyable aqe and ol s,yins s.es a ten thousand h,le journey rhem o.ry eighr have tequned educarional besins rnn qhere we eresiandibg qoa lcalio.s lnlheendrhemostoppressed e.d upssrhemosrdeprived inrh€connunal Annexures

leDe,(s.151, cr.p.c). rn som. .aae ihev include'ofien.es esai t public irsbquitid. (s. 1,11.160, IPCI Bui for every siBle FeBon 3o plonucad Lefore a Dssi3lr,6, viotence inotd Bhop,t, or,b Le roE rheE kE .t re,st 6ve whGe preche, in No h BhoFt had Do desr .!i hoE derontiob s4 ilte g,r. ,rhe robl offici,l pr ern. 11 us ditfusad and disEmed. Mo* areuP ot lLe rrrsted coroni6 have wn.esed eyenb. ih60nerorm 4's3.650 AftseJ byr}e poljceo. heqna or the orher A diiindion perhaF k[on rheirowndue btsar, m.ndisaDDe,Ed en be aDn mde beiween Nravabi Bhopt and ile colo- tieir honB roi elm'lt a nek. fhis nics. ne{ BDdoldon iheno}irer.finlieE ot iff6ed the a4! md nrnaEbirity of wheh and childEn. il ln ihe 6mo il w$ le,Eety vidre@ asliBi rEsNre virhou! rieit me., Iearful of pEFrtJoh Eai.arbrJ roa&. The @.fmn. stt'ck. from hlndB or Fhe, ond deprnedorn'llt toodaodeveh!,b.,"."-" ldGliti*, the pori.e. Bur in.dtoni8 oneilherside of &.a_ wnen sFnt bepe we.kins sia Rord, lb€EsidenlialaEasrereafieded &v5 snd nish6 Th6 men Laken b P.trce srarioE And nD[s arcm bolb connubitiE were i.- me,nkhil. also had a h,rmwinr iiDe. The )ockuF vere mi Eoant to.(on- hodab As arrea.ly .ored in ihe Iirti days so D&ny Fopla in ibe riEr blac. c\onk inold Bhopal t!!se nuhberothibdu rhey €e dehied rood,bd ubr. M;nvnr shoF and a re$ empls yere rt"*..*""u"*rr u.,r"nup tnsi,,r,t.r,". . ,.kEd. Bui .,b,d the mobs by n*i elenina. rroD *.*-","-*. uourb grh h.ir" "h*.4"*. .hour '.tre.r€donwards lsnes and bJ t,n6 ioo -erept,.kcd rrh pl,"Bbyrhe ootie. 'rhe mGt nobnous weE ,fec&d, buL rhk rina by lar*e scale th,las in Lhis Esd w4e shshrahsnobad policc qorens Ihe"cry oneorrhcae rhickrj and JehanRirebsd" popureted rocsrii'e3 potjce (ondudsd oukide dn ihe h,in sirk ihins door to wcreu.dircontrol. door searh oreraiioE. And lhey did seid coot sbdorgs^ned. Mosi .rh5&onnanJptoces. rhelrec$hese3esr.h 3bop5 doyled lbeir.hureE by ?th Dorning iE.r: wiih amy nss mr.hes the roxo{ine musrms Inconrunclrbwiihthehm@@bv d.y rhe J*E bv,nd tarre q.* d*.d.j Brranq Dsl tivhb who wee rh". b"s,^.Fr,".,ri",*;", hd,"d pr,.. "6'.;",-ri, der.Youih Led pemitt d b do so, poli.a viote.c 6ecrh"e b, Barranp D!te.rtr ct6setec pari or'h'h,lu retalEiion. rt hc erepnons riveh iarceted bBtihs 5hops, vh,te Ftnc 4rc wh.n 3rny u* steo pr6e.L, Pndi. mkhed i.dq senily. N.,r Liu fatkiq, tor cauy in everJ hoNe atl avritabte nin fo . LMtrhe. in a tuwoIfiIieen shoF,3u sgtecl muliB 3hop6 vere *ere picled up hy t]B tstice. Tner raided the lered snd burnt. wleh rhe o$neB reiurned nou8, d6iDysd ho@hotd sbo& and hh- thodtr on s,iurd.v. beh8Yed with vomen. Nunebu lhe r2th, after dav currek wss EL!.d r;r aeounr rour lufikr thlt potice .lao indut*ed ,n plaD hodE ar ' snohh ror Dsn atsd lhev loohns so e orLne hocehdd hi";""r. r,,.a t* . .r'"F *tt.a rr. .*"i .r I -*" .r* p* .r rm t"i,.a rideo3hopround hBenrneshoprhsrEd Bur arc,.Al.rye.unberofyouthweEsnBted--.a"a ", 6,prevent the.oEDission of coqnisabre of- roiql, th,ns on 7rh Do.nnslohe hindur r-. s,a,'-,* u.t 1u"t .oo*it" "r,"rt." 3ob. b .one with ihen. A tew Eohenb later a lone mmlim shop. h appeaE that police rhe &mily heard sun Bhok. They rrn oui to pemitled rho hindus b so acl.ls, burn it, s4 rhar borh hsd basn ahol in fis groud opp6it€ rhe 6hall Kele*ali hajid. The youqEr.dn a.der (26) died. Ih. sihilr on 7ih De.ember a numhsr ol shop! qeE fashiob Ibnhim X:han u! kiu.a in IndiB bumt on thh rcad, indudine r suPrhza! Nssrr ih htu house. And Chlnnu Xh3n ih

*hile ihL wu 3oina m in n6t lo- shoP6jlsideihecoDploxihliv6.edlnsEEd caliiiF oa Old BIDael, th€ Biruition in th. wnh some sodoffi in Klbad xhaE. In rh€ Intfieolqn or eith€r.id. dBr&i A..d it k6 p..pL iato *E ihvolv.d mE tlDn 3o to !ay, babd6 or youih {m. ana 6umt ih.polie. lnSnlr$i Colohy rruna 60 p.opL 3hoF. MBr oflhc nuslim shoF burni IEE attackalhinduhollE.Ih$sFuth,Ei4 reresDelliDo60153DdsP3EPan!ltF, 6ld, wE 6E &dh{n. s*..{tr..4y n They 3n shilted fon Bhopsl Talkie only I u. Epon€dy routh ftom Si llli CoL\y fewyaEleb HeEa dduhresbriedhujtding vho weB involv€d in th3 a$ack on arif wa3.160 3 ed. we vr6ibd a huhber ofsuch NaE .hPlilichrhirdushop6.ndhous 3hoF burnrin Ksbsd Kham,Jici, J€}lAnsi. Let.r poti€ cam. s.d sisn d firin! indir- snd Jahalpur,. This p.dicul,r aorh orldd! ciiDiublr. Blbu Khan (!0) e lebouEr .rcD insand rBon durins ihat p€riod could not hsve blsn Frsce wilhoul scrile .onnivsn.e ln Indim Na$r on ile 7th ihEe p.EoE, poiDrress viohDcesFi6i n6lin3. on ?th Etu.nins lom an€. clGins thei. 3hop. alternodn the Mams,n8 trdi6! otlvolea, suhequeDrry, th€ Dutim jhusi @rony f.ll qhobylhonhadoblained a.urrewp,$, w,3 vi.iin 6 the.dunrer.ib.k. on 3th a 8t.ery drcppins h; hindu enpto}t6 to l]Eir hdh6. shoP run br rn erde.l, nu'lim t.dy lE They vere appreh.ffiiv. sine they Lad b Eo ihrcugh nNlim majoriry area wheE al- Mia. Ite aave shelbr 6 , nubher dfFoFle in Eady viotence had cruprsd. The ediro. qas ile fiEt lew d,y3 ir lbdir. Nr8ir But 6n 3(oscdbJ irrc polhe oosr klsmiDsrwaza 10ti p.lie crme and MGd Lih. A aay and w!5 b$1en, one INpado. even aimed Iater hL own lour 3bop6 kre loobd, In ihe his pis6r ai hiD when ihs employes in rhe cluter otjhu8Ei6 heE, tbeE re rhout r 10o Frcabeourandsavedihesiiuaiion. Pdics Dulin an.t 3 hihilu &nili$.lhele !6ple ririnaontL.riBilwodals*asi.eduat.pok had shified fEn Gu.haL.h I

vhich hindur pdted ston$ ana thEw slas wko s ws known fisur., Malik did no! se! piecea aDu.d 10 s D on 3th. A lew houE uidurypqlurbeir vhe. potic.ssksd hi.itr laer 3fr{ driwiq lhe jhusd dreneE 6 p,hic, ihe jhuesi dNter w.s 3e! oD fie. ri But BJPpa,ua iniG [email protected] rmained bulnins ldr ablui .hG daF.-{Dons in rac.ni yearE srso ecebd old nohuhenc th6e dead in the aBo. vas a quilr haker who Ms vEpped ino$o. and w,s set o! iD iabdhy Min*y or urbah HoGinsend fiE. rhe iDEDora6ruuDEjid Mun.avia werare (heedcd byBabutalcour)csme bbe w$ also kiled. Not very rar trcm I.dna seeb in this riahi. Mustins too iN*t.d in Na*rjhucsis rhere is a bsri, e du*o of30 rhese monunebbibrehosFd,acomDuniiy jhussis. rAe Dsjonry gie ihe scheduted qsc hindr6,hBsods. Hereon grh nishtthe,ttack ThPJunamti Darvaa is dne orrha 3E cene 8nd rhe wnob jhuasi coronJ Ms 'proi.cted mo.umebts of ihe ciiy. Lceied deep iside ihe otd ciiy, n k one or lbe rew In none ol t h*e colonies the , tiack. suFivins reti$ of ihe old lihes. ri,Ftsars e6 velc fro iLs sens colony. In old Bho howeyer somclhar lost in the serp.nrioe p,l,ubrike,rorio anceioBfiELarea,.eish rd{s orhouses eDd shoF in and around n. bouE seE .o! n,h.d br ihe viclins !toq. JuneraiiB,z,r*asihes.encof oll.nsivehy ovq, soins by the Eport. and anes!!ion6, it muslinyoulh oh 7th homiDE Nol velv lar appeaB ihairourh trcm an sfec&d colony trco ilsindhisiops weEspecialryblFed were ihblved in ihe counrer art'chon ih. for bumi.s. suhequenuy nindu Dobs, wirh oaLercohmuniiri bur in a neishbourinscot, theconDiunc.otpoliceweE invorved i. ihc ory. Theii ibvolveEeoi is Eonqa[y knovb ,rackon rheJumemri cste b ir Aner their rerurn it is uhlikely ihat so.isl wasthehouEeofD!. Qern ^djlenrJaved. rr was aooldrvpeihre.sbriedhouee. Irwa6burnl nai.lhe sahe. Thus undercudcnb ofb.- rtwas rroE th;houseih8lth.nobsseehb sioD end nisirust haveantered betreen ro.g hale manased to burn the upFc!F.iionsof s6bdins oeishbouE, in some otrh. areas in ihc Deryszsaho. soh. h*riEddecFiot old tsholar. Perhaps tht is ihc n6l damag- ou. ihat the!!6ckonsindhi sboF sol a toi insouho-eoalhe rioh i. Bhdpal ihis rims. ot.oleraee in lhe bedia. TheE were even rn Eqn, mF wh.l is li,pFni.Pb eui.g pholosaphs. Bur rheE hardLr was ibehkiory of Bhopqr G Foecr.d ihilleburn any mention ofiie burhiDs orthe hi51o c And iLe petrp. tulwaa. Theburnin8of anoldmonumenrot iiinsofii Itw$buiu, srons wiih oiher 3uch hisb.y is ind.cdsaa. But3adderrillis ihsi s,ie5, during the reis. orDosi Mohanmad n G.owb.ingheaed 4 th. symbot, nol or Kha.. Mosr ot the otd honlEenG of rhe Bhop,t: hisrorybut ihat of a.ommunily. at N,Mbi eE fsllinb anr.pairEioce the htc both the cohhunities. No fifrher cohmenr: lniies. In 19S6sovemmenl.olified Lhcn es a.e ne.es,ry on rhe ,pmrecbdhonumcnh,underlaq chansi.s !€rcepiion or n2bnllcss h ory of the city. Ahd ic diEdion. pEssure or p.prhlion, eyer expandins ve, hicular hrfiq md vide.ing, itnor be.ulili l.l Baqh UEao Dull.h csiion - all contr,brkd b ihe deline ototd Bash uhrso Dunah was orisinally hGro calmonuDebb.$indihercilies Thn one o&hojasirdari aE,s. The tend was siveb los b rrested a! p.* ofrhe hsic otnoderni- h ihs tilleE afterth.,bdrition otiaeida.is. zalion. But i. rc.enryeaB il has be*o io Mo or ihem v.re hind$. crdduel\. the seco.d srhehrion began sellins oE $e tand serriermajor.itymphvehenrprcFntues, whee vslue hss mw Abbe up due 10 urba. in earry Eleniies s.d 4rl, ethli.6 wqc hdki.g deoand. Howes snd shoF cqne up reated as cily ihprcveDoni pmsahEes. o. aboui 15 ades oa le.d

_.-- e!s. dltiEiion ai;ll6niinu!. PsoPle vho pb^aiq've h. ru d..t ha Ehq Ldi i* cbJb A qno heE eiiher a3 omeE o. $ teBtrl. aE d," Ohn i. ny friendL houe, .paE it). On recsni seitleE in the city. Ii is p€rhsPs ror ihe *nob mny &hili6 lGtjewlery, clotha thk €.on ihai no 6ocjsl chsracier ortasii ard csh. A tsepl€ k. aLo aasrsed. evolved No. i. ihsB q.y E8ur.r inieh.iion The hindu healisd s .ish or Elier bstreD .onnunitis. ?uenIy ihs lr€e obly.n the nexi day, vh.n polic .riv€d. hoEa! eboui 600 600 laDili6. It is bixed, But with thi! ert6d polie aiDcitid otr hdh .dnbunity visa 3ad oeupriioh wi3s. DuliE. In Eaiim'. hou.s fiey oniordanit Ahout 25 FEeni aE hindN. lhe Ei 3E dhss€d outau th€ nsn. Meb in olhe. hous nu.liN. Thsf€v p@ple ebrloysd inBsrls. hh away. Polics ..b.ed ihde housr sewi.s h€8, belobs io hindu fanili6. Bu! 3ear.hed,andnoifi ndilgibe henahuedth€ oiheNi.e ih€y rre €nelsd in ihde, .bal {ons!. A ehily .obpnring of an old m4 and niddl€ l€y€l shots, hoteL, aut d.ilsE his hlind 3on.nd daushla. ;n lrv rn sll a.d vendoE, Ar loEr nn8! arc Imna&, ee.ted. this julaha fanily 6me io the cif, &ily Pae€ eamB*, biai mteE and nsid aboul 8.0 aso. SiDilsr e! th6.eounl sepant!. The lo6liiJ L pEddnnantly lorer siv€n by '€a6. ribily eEsspd itr hidi h.kiba, niddle daE both by oruEiion and by cul- Aite! the irtial p.li@ .sid, s nob dm and tuBl chsracier. Tb.E N very Gv sduBi€d eieckgd the nu.lin hous. HoEq. in.lud- s@o3 ihe elc€B. lhs rtrucluE or trrc heti in8 iha. or rhs pqiu.i {ere 6et on liE. is!u.hll:ailin$othilduhou!*arerolbwa Poli.e bok rway 3 nuDber ofmBliD br thGe ornGlim Al3one phc$ iLe Ew hebfolk. At lea,t teo oririeD rle believed t racs each orhei TheE is tu hi.bry or r b€ killed by rhe p.lie. oihsE reE eli b Elalio. helveen and smons rh$e 3ettleE. j,il, rbd vere Eleffsd bdE iban a no;ih uhlike tlE otd oloni4 olflis citJ 'Ih*e i6 no laler. Ths poopks e(ount drthe atta.ksE ir hLb:y olieNion b6t{een rheh either. i.- lomswhsl hsry. Tbe fi$t Bob on ?tI noh' ently thers wers eEe bnsioro, on Rana ins veE oursideB. Bu! lubsequntly rhe Panchani day. Br! lhey rena;ed $ fsv atsckcs, hoth hindu 5nd mulin3i seD to skinihes in the 6beeb. be fEh ihe ba6li ibelf. Som€ ofileo aPP,r- on 7t]l nomins all nal8 lsti for ehilywere weainasoms soriofa h,sk. They thsnworkssGel. r!w,6 then rhai a sroup know ihe laEes of 6oh. ofthsn Bur did mt of 100160 p€dple enbred the stEeis, @rry- wsbi to disclGe theD. lho 3upicioo dn lhe i.sse.ds,rc&,ball8Eq ba.chas,et..AhuB youih from ihs orher conmu.ity, mi3irNt, ins and shouring, they were,ttenptins 1o ihe damas€d renple, uhder cureni ollsn. dras the hiDdus du! or ileir bou6. Tw sion that p€iEe,bs iheir Iiv4 nof, . Bsgh youil tDh chindMn, who are tena.kola Unrao DulLb is an d€ptioMl 6s olbEk- nouse ca6e out hearins the noise Borh or dov! olEoci.l relaiioc in old BhoPll. then were brdly bearen up by ih e mob SoDe 50 people entere,l the house of KlEsl shri 1.2 Bljiv NaAar snd Shanii Bai. Th.y nmscked the hou6e Alter colgr$ NaB& and IndiE and laterburnt it to ashe. The wone, bok Nege., as dne.rGss6 ihe nal, ore snt8E sheltar in ihe oeishbouring eGliE house. Rajiv NaB"r.Arcworone roon shs&, ach accordinEbthe{ohebihehob3en&rsdthe abou! 320 sq.fi. In ell rheE 3re 120 3hed., houses,de mycd or looted then rherehave fo*y olrhem o.cupied b, hnslim. These one been ihcdenb ofresist$.e wheF m$lin roon she&, or HoEios noard, weElllotted Jouth saved ths hindu housca rroo oihrk- i. 1973. BuLi]lelduilocupation is olmore eB, andins oubide rccenroriqio. People heF nGtly belo.s t dife'eEi BbF.i6 of4rsbployed *trt€E indudi,a p€ity ih&E. soEs rcrL i. rhe E,.li6r .n ihk llnd ta.hhn uea b TI on ?ih El,.n ihe dtuarion i!.ho cty ab* v€&irbls mtl flo*€B. ovsr ti@ rhs tGb6 i€ue ihe rdidont! ofthi! h.d l.nddh.n8d hlndq soi.tivi&a inb rbell.r i plot n3.tng mons thedelB. ?iud€y'hed SaLsb' .nallou46heupo!uri!.fhsb6r.- of iheLuEEblilling ndttoth8!he& ws.E eolpl,osir ofa.DaI lnl,8€ into.! urnln ofthe paticipeht in the neetins. it {u bGri si oEplst€d only by ihe C6 thsedy of 193'L lDn f,i. tloue r!r. o! 3th nornirg att of I@t d in ths MIC a6ected .116, lhe Lnd .udden.roE kE p.ltsd ar rle dE&. th€E' rli!&t€d .sttleE in ihe hoD€ of wre abdut 50 p€opte on rhe teme of hir Today BafB 6ldny builainsthoi is srBr€[email protected]€d to rgrssr h6 njB than . rh..f,€d! b.tow. nEli *E 6i!ins.loslE of rhou.nd !.pulaiion.Ifyou enrer ir lbn rLe '!ad si),4 44". A linle .lr.r ih.y beBn B.B.ir R.sd (ju.t b.hiid rhe .np€r haz.r lh.i p.riiba.6ns, polis aLojoined rhe Eob on @ burno, iEtyou kuld 6Eo .cF6 rho t€n€. The 3heiL setsct€d tor periins pBa hduo h€lolgina to his iBdeB. Mdt 6roB wE onv lhce dfnutiN, TLs.ste ot fis othd hollg rE rlrs. oe uLriea !io! tu pecils. M.qy otif,e hstiE hld m Eiddl€ snd lo*. niddte cla., R.!r of tf,e petty qy oui ,3 ouEide i. rhe BrEer! nob3 veE oloh, hd!!s sub dneE, thd6E and eilin& wl,eb rhey bes.n tuBjns h€iier vsndoE. In one coros. of ih. olo.y or nrc v€E€tqhl4 3kerbr oF..sd tire oh rheh. anE€d adE, aE din 3bk. tslic on 7ih Hu$aib (40),h oF€.stor in Ielephoft h, morniDs a huse .rcw4, 6d. ch.nsediedonlhe3p.i. fts3hsdnexit hn uted t be.bubd !hE6 ro fou' hunaEd rhs v3c lh8i of Khan, eho tosi au his prcperry. snrsEd orony .bd bee& srlsckins ths EngeE€d in I.uit husin6a, .ll his thsla!, hindu hous,.Tte nob Bne fbh xezi cBnp Bld xlbed sobe gord e.d wE burn! llong with Xfiana. TheJ *Ecarryilgp€trcl soat€ bohb6, swr&, Iniv6. enleEd the 3hed. He hBs nov 10 rcbuild ti& for hi! ll:e.iobr. faDiry! wife ,bd hn chitdEn io l&k thetr6u6$ looledrnd ds!rrcyed r[e pbpe*y. AzD, a driver in ihe r.riEBtion dspa.rDsnr'tr.r. TheE weE no her h netry hous. only woEon. pbF.rty. Elumed homs to find both his !hs& bu.nr. Ths.ioteE locu Hs on A3 oubideintherei,syenan rabdnth,Iro otu oribeyicriD. put it,,!hey we noougBE, burni Bnain! ol3 huck weE 3isndiq. Ik pick.p.clsb ,nd wglbooda". M6i ot rhe 'l.irer Nsim Mia *ho ch6e s uons tine to vonen nnoui lDd todkshetre. inihe mar5y visir his 3i3|e. rs Eurde&d snd his iruck mulin ho$*. a rioEr !E hsad syins "a./l i hob mdcho@ udbrchcnan *a rn Bljiv Na€ar ihe athclEE sF atntGl ha, cn@m'6!.E m m[ &ht touch wm. end rll a@E the sane looln, Tlte ld.&l elder childEn). ore sinahi woosnbldu!en Elk then the i.fra.tru.iur6lsrppolt. Polie iEi&nrof nF,bu!lherooo rhasheadot pbvided ihen wilh oE. In a long row ii. we .ould nor 6nd or 3ukbniiet€ s\y of selec!huslin hou6,lo.rted :endonlr*ere !h3 ruP€ chare6, .rindu8h tuEouB of.ap€ coloDy were the ariacled e.d burnl. It i. a .a6e or@ihulous in ihis 3hons durjng riot5. The pl,bnios ,heE rhe conpriciiy or loBl rEi. isDple dstmyed by the hdb 6rirt .e. Msrihs in ihe .oto.y weE noi will :rs b tslk freety. Tho6e *ho did, omplained only hidu.. Nor qeE dbJ Fid e^v 6EBn- 0iion. A f€{ bu.liD hou,6 qeE lbo bumt. rb6y Eb leated raid...hs hDdu h Ed 3nd ttu..ould )tsvs c,usl,t cB. SoDs hu- Ld.ay $.r rhey reE !€r on IiF,tur 8. Ths 116 Etehd ro s Nsw Bho@r 6bny ee eoj, rdu,isd ahb ahdllh blb ud6r rl1Ee tsur hindu €tdec !e, thst tlsv.uc;dL Md,@ Ps6P N,g*, T,ntrya Tope Nss rskrinsd ihs youth iioD ,ny E@tiab; and Eeb,bsqqj. By ahd Ia,F New Bf,o.at i3 nr4uE. Th hxdc, end&E[!6 en; e Fl,rirery p6Frc$ aEao.$c.trJ rL 6ldu rl:at @utE! [email protected]; violehe hae uod,Ri€d pri@nry s;ihor tre b s€r @Dp€Na hoh: Th€e .ot ltrtihe pmp€dy. rn the initi,l el,rs ihe.E. nh P6l mE sb.ur Llre EllroEi rh.; of tlF rE lsks! &n$.d rd b. __"r '@uhh sub€equ€itly 6om sbout yh Bti enDE a.d suh.equ$itj s ELra c.DDie ur Esnins onvBrrt lhry,tui&nbofbum- fomed hsre. r4(at Esdenr.of Bsfni hr^h! rnsbqk end!tuurhop! iook plse on rbe srohs {rh iwo mde,4oimq b4h iooi @,n md.. Tt6e scts ofvandeti.n !48 ,ntiatiE. Monsy @ 6Us.ied, otlina r.bE parhaF mssnt b.!Esd so.r,rGDlEb o. 6@muiiiB bEmEb rJ)o d.,rr]d rrhr" t3mion. Eor, th*e E rc cre,rar;tiarnor a'zi ofth' a re,, h,m.Ia hso..i6rt i"i - coDDunity.whe oq.nhin D the sbsl ca- iive for the Fohetrudion wxils evrEdi. kblbhrehb burht Th-; hid."6 Ld h h! moFBiine in rhe s*. hed ; bs lhe oxieEioh or rtsw b day iE6 aho. 36pP€dbtrauseofthslnkFgtrlo.bvhhd! !s Er qsohtyihtssed fEEr0o m r^a r-4deE rrom dukide The riuhur;t tbev emHowek.mthe.lghtdflnEihoruIfew dsrhd us nor riEli for Ure wortr h4E hFt noa M!rur .rhe ieE,ndeE ood _ 8e.6 in Barm colony b.L ptae arcund ParleJ ar dmreFc rbe ror brcf on @orn'ngrdrsbout p€nd3 of rihe, rhe v€hrche ^h thr.e hir,F fh" pLy€d ar rul ciNuldion!hrcushoutrheFnodofioBbG in3 ThEs bsemenL,,nd ;u!& ;"bi Lonsan€r, ev6n no, rherdoh! has b4oh. e roitof6Fbol It b d,mcu tt b undeEbhd pEdobimntry D'ddte dss locel,ri; d.NA_ $hyB8rmcllony6rehGhak4oUjdL@l rire imass and mpresbn;dk,E;d rn3 nuhberdfsu.b hcariiie.d€tih 'Mn pe.hsE _ atkrthe nots becaurc,rF rh;^"i lad reresetedjvetr atr!(ked in lhe aulti hhdu msjonryarts kboutsssrcenowho; sbEycpsrtE€n6 tn mry.assshousehold h ndG Msme rhe ttrr,ms Thsr roqth6 3oo&qercto ed.,rhBkindofpta,hbr$nd. Ih5 are not in\dlcd B trret.qaoi 6 r[d ,sE ,r5 Rho Dore norahte ,h sohe of rhe cohnunll *hpaiEn. FeaB and appPhan- shoF on the rcs,ls. Tte hddk da36 virlhr sroh3apa .byendla.geneitlerotths.on. of Eside iat ftoEhopeverweFnorvnt,i; nubiti6 btsne rhs oiher in rhe.oto.v ror rF. t sp€ak. tr ws6 q!h Feaidit,ird& rh"r _: e@nE were eble Yd ewn iosEiher rheyaB;d h e io pieco toer6e. acou;G.f$c pc,[email protected] eve.c in sh*hi Naesr siven belos llr cdony, end ths f,b of ,eoubk sugFd thal Bej.aos D,l adivise rer'i6.o alll how be dekrn6ed hv.^'*. outside. And ihe; tstthal @mpuk;E. _. ,4 hy conLlued nss ma(h6 on smc orriens n.o.,d5in t0rh. wirh,bherpNtie wEehleb Ebreshesenhrarcoof ordsr. E€n€lsrion b 6dar aEuDd Etiribs aeE. The TbeE wa3 oro not{bla imtanco oa pdiE De,genddiohoryouihi.initsea.tyt*eF exces in thi:i aEa. On 10th, ai Jauhar ti6.IniLe lsilewyaE they wE orysni!€d th€y ellegEdl, iled, wilhout into &jr.ns Dsl onrillee.. Rqple. i*t Chovk, 'hoi sny pr@tion. vivek Parshar. inEE an

BITELAE, L the oemo.. ircdnrus ,nd J.P. h6D'bt in New BhoDer A^ dri inc dBs'piion for $e vasr €EeMeoreaa bsted 600 tsnities vere Ed*d homel* Bhoparihat hoBss more rhin; thrdor,h popur,iion comp,ny3 fhe towBhjp prcFr the Neran diBtion ot rhe violene c nowindLiin3!ishsbty was dicrared b, B,jhns D.l. rhs colo.is Do3t @n- tharsrewiBide its.d onsllside5ot nob mne ibet fi8nE in a iE ouer number of ac nenlr Et{toE y rr &ls ude! coubis of itre victic, F ti,r ot shkunlals covindpuE @n'htu6n4.aiuPdbosh r Dev,. a aJP bembsro[ihs MuhiciBt co@. A 6eshenr ofotd Bhopst, north east;rrhe ration, shakunlat, .,irsey tine &tb uhder c4vindpurs @h.. Alodhls on 3ih nisht atoq wilh other ru shhon t,mi6 rhe lHeft e:h ,oo or.ur. (aa}' fieE i! rfie ohty ;ae or it ki^d few, uhenfofted thouAh, b coendDuE on NowheEelssibihscitrdidthevi.rims mhe 7th rtsetn c.vindPuE, atona !ir; Bseh wllknoq terderofrhe ErJp heun? se-sniy'h snd 'hy s P,Prsn eore !bhona;s d,Kdy panrciBted in rhe viotsn.e Tns,; are what we Eaer io 6 BHEL aEa. les!lioBasaihst theb $eFconcsr.ibEth€r The ee incide.h i6! ofvioten.s 10.h Flebehind tlescsne Bs iB D. Dal place seb;bsik hore ob ths DjPhi ot8th. in the ctus6E st the moha[s tevet, aE smu6d oru;iic,. arcund subheh Nas!r.nd sudana Na4r paunsih iheorsorviotene.rake Bv Be;rir4 n i ewims the enhE em ks-en psthan' Herethe oelha6bse..dihdunE ihe to!ch,p, Lke the b3r rkre.ra Thash,!k nituDdr i; lhe'Fa hsbs. rhee reorissAheh, cordniB like shaLri Naslr, urb,h viu,srs sciiviti6 for many y*8. rh ihe Bejm,s nm.Ier neerbr ihe D,l h3s a sirong hold. inforoani rels threrienad llc la!rily rnd This srea winesed hooible liolence. Do$- neichbour6 feel rhal thsy csDoot ao bsck 1o ins m;Iro {ith ker@oe sid humiDs rheD rhe arer. And rher all blahe him aor ir Al the sliw 6r j66ne, vE Eported frcm Berkned, iine of our vi5it they reE still sbyins in Prrhsni. The Dals assressive cooduct cE- Thercle drBajhns Dal3.d ile tslie tins iD rbe srer. In the nesdy Bihfti Ba3ii conoiv,nce should rci, hoftver, be orcr. sbout 60. out 01500 tsnilies !E mNlina sbied. Noi alls6k or hobs aE s3eirbd wrre! the Dal bega! going arouna, in snell vith the Dsl, To db3eris evsry agE66or ban&, sU ihe nuslins fanilie 6hifted lo one orebup olasEHsrs ss cociatB ofBJP,or larss puea houe. Thc ho.Ee belory3 h 3 edins in.oliuion *iib poli.e, would be iF peBon who ovns tour so.ei, shoF€ ib the @.rsct Mqe inpotunlly it iendo to undeF B,jrans msl@r An ihnush ihe nigbi ot8ih *iimsie the exbni ofbEekdowh in $cial and orh, wmen orthe localily bld G, lhe !s1e1ioE in ihe SHEL sEe ald iI. depihs of saiheEd audins on the buace kepl shou! iG tlehunanisation iDssloglN, parilr 6counterihe Dal o!Fo. sdively invollcd here, uhlite in OldBboprl ned nosqls in ihe &mple nealby and paily sske! Nssrr n a middle clcs Hou' ro shore up ther oM sphns. A d,, later ins Board olony. M6r lesidenb here aE police.,me,lorccd ellorihen & pr with servins or EriEd enployees ol BHEL TeD ho.ey, Eist w.iche. ana oiher valubles All ihe heb uere eEes&d 3.d sent to iail, hGlim. TheyEF sibckedo.l0th nishi rrch vhere ihc, Eturned alter tweniy deys ourreounl is hased on lie inteNiev, in 3 3,t MeanwhilowEennoled to rluseecamps. h8pilal, {iih a sludent oafiamidia couese fhal us,heh ihe D.l led robs crDe shd whose lathei mrk: in BllEL Tbe 3tude.l snd his r,hily heard tho soundi orapprcAch- In senergl ihe @.oivsn.e ol p.lic 10.30 ih the nishr o.e viih Bajrang Dal seens iobe rar moE oFcn bnther.anoulhyscalinstheba.kMll.The ib u'e BHELeree lhdn ih otherFris otthe rc3i ol rhs reBily hid in rhe bath&oh. The citv.In xlila6h Nasar aboui 15 or.he 150 mobbDkeopenihedooreld6e!ihehoNeon jhusgL reE lhGe ol muslims 'Ihe 3 sck fi re Andthenvritedoukidelorrheranilyto ibeElookpla.estalou.d10i^lhenoming. e€r flfthed out by ih. liE and 3moke. The Our infomanr is 3ldcdl leaderofasod. He ramily.aneour IrindudedrhissludeDi,his w* .o1 in ine ciiy qhe. the doishrckeoul. youns€r hr \er, skbr, mother, cousin and wlgn he Etur.ea [e lound qll ihe Euslin u.cls. He aod hi6 nolher were serioGly jhussL burht. He tBcked his tuDily in a i\juEd. The un.le died on the .poi. At lean lerusee caDp. Hi3 ons )€erbld smndson q3 si, persotr ib the 25 slrdng nob aE l.om .hdns thGe injuEd in ihe atb.h. He learnl sskei Nasar ilsolf and lre known to ths fFD trle fanity lhe .sn6 drlbe people who lamily.'IhL kind of ,eishbour p,ticipation. e[e.k d the bsti. So alte! uE currew was in niddle .las colo.is and fadorJ quneF. Etakdha lodgedscoDplsini wiih the police i! jnussL and viUesps slike wa3 the no:l aivins nan8.They ildlldednsn*oass. 6hiking fsiu.€ 5l rioc in BEEI, area : cid6 olB€jBng Dal. a T,hilian..d a MaErhi seh6e ordbbelie,Mrks lhe mralionorth. dslii, both soN or BHEL employsss end or viciim haE. Ther simply cannot Yisueli= 6one youih rbm lo.al rn&r fenilie6. The Iile in ihe bershbou.nood heEalt i police did notEF&!ihe han* in ths FIR. The violelcs itr BHEL.re. w! e:i IBbad they ihforhed ihs s@u6ed. Now our pe icuhrly hiulal sDd b8!bq.ic. In che tr:

t h.d, e ssreenrr otd m! drq*d out sirt of b.im6o 9-12 D€e(Eer. Ar ta6r 138 her houE6 The &t.ckeE Du!f,ed s.ide rh. houes were padially or.onpter.ty d.3rrred. tn pradinE hdhsr and EpaahdLy skbbed 6e other houes larst s(ak toor,hp and d'6dru_ sirr. H6r hody u5 on. of the ive.h6,h" rio" tookpl.e a4 0rei ThEesed,nEand oneEiired sreehd Msdhaws,scindis shei e@pbyee were he ab'&d Liued lh addrrion srehi or the flahids H6utar on lrrh tho6c k'rhd aE tahilr orheBihduderwo6enwhomrehu! rriA mehbeB drrh-eeh- in narkled! pathani. rD piprsni , ho$e ves The in.rdenk,n rhe aEa thsi stl,cked on toth evenins. The be6h bob bbke on 3th cvehinsseEad Lo taEe Den open the door dnd ebiered r;he the Lou*. Thev tolvEh'e by n*i muhinE. Dsp,h Epm!.d lried io pu the doth6 onihe r"o wo@e; drodB by hs r|v pcopl. r ndudiae The bstluked lohe unhi 'Blde women.ourorhodenv leodeG, Lhe hanasEmehr did 6nd m sn arempi io ddeiLr ;or tale snv $e_" ti apFaB ihat ehbruc.d oech oiher. unahte td slD,Gb"; th; 4atuE€nebl we.l elons wirh the local ihdh, ihe hob tsurcd k€roseoe rdd'hjfir Brp The phdogiaph 'hem orthe &r Dqdcnt de.bkiosthc.ompanvha5enou^h rhd aa3,q shoqs rwo (h,rrcdhodE rehsrh r'sd to resr rhepressure. frcn rhe to.atFveh. n,ent obviously other !oEideratoro bE. IrB rcry dBi.qlr io a,lhom$e denrFr sired The con qne of BrrEL f,sn;Pe. of !icknBsand rhumah v ri*oe+".:,_" hcnt tush, warE h.lped rhe viote!! Dn6. orihe mqd.nc ,n BHEL a,e, we Efm,! inihearea.'i FLEL anEdoronBs@n lnl gSlsfter 3.1 The Tomship rhcsc6a$ih'tionof tnd,B canLthrthe.ehF som! ,ppFheEon or 1'he bq.h p tmubJe in the atr oqnEd aod hJ@eel M,naseh€nL(alted, Deei br thr ah€,ar H"svy nsof ,nrcrr.F Ehdno! L,hi"bd At ar lev.ls po,ce ellorr3 ald preE.tiE rRHEr.r shoutd be d *iituist,..d ,on rhe cdanies.rhusErs ind urbenvi osc" ihar rotl .-ptov* uhdlr ir AL hrn oL iha o. n-; Nndh e\d l.LP v3d 836 touhd rnco v"d rn rlNi$' ot a UL E ontjnell anv acis oruo. h th! d,ir reRP, th6' w@td Do 6ummsry r,rmin r4i\c@m!q, ri_{urha H; br d€his$l rt rtrEt hae de!.d A drtr.iir'.,rruduEle^rcund aL! iioo.i p6nive Ende hl quaneE. nre. rhis rjne Gonrbour ilh;ai! The ehplokG E@e. rh.tr n +d B BHELs eF,bNr :mnroj4slhd repEsbt €,pFr; t7.5d0 r^ aii;. br3rh hrmssuEs Thers wbssmph3mDe iii ihere,re 2000 more, rork,oeas.on. jabour Jnd spae ror su(h sn inrhdive. for. rmd 'rheE eF ihoussnds;rdirB qqlnn4in tire wh6eemptdyme !hnr urs rhe riBrrhrecdaG L bdue i.BHEr, hir._ cr6ed doq, nor.partol $orkrore. "k fo. rhe fi^r he ; tk 'c The,live, rhouah, hi3tod.ontvon l0th morn,nEfhorerdEslhv Tlris mnin,rahd i. ho ridhet,risr'rction. n'msemcir h€r lreeeh!tons * Lh; s !e 3hAl see. Dhv: e rc.tsgord;srheio.reuotrrerurorermh ,"h ii rhr du6nc eeon.tbEs h. or;; a}ldhra ed-arlFrthereEson;r, ,h ii rh! vddv^sn hrtd h"lrc( ihar rhe 0aoa@. r,hlrunr, iP|rc\'ndhly r,050 hG, mor. pror,red hcp,br rr for the ietJh;a

darsed w h a^oh, nrurder.nd tooi,.veh ihe tunaeenent e.d edDini.hriioo ednil hi\d!. tutu bLi rhoite rh.". yo\ ql be thst rhey rssrsvaied a 6uEharsed,ibo]. lu.p.Lerl ro kno* thsl hindu rcDen sl!. e.e siven Etuge in dur hcque, ihe uulvi fbe nensgeEent al6. did not deptoy of Piplini Easiid iold M). The bobs s.i ihacsnii.lrhdr .ialselriiyFoEe(cls!). roundsd ihe 6@qus Dany iimE ad .,i!ed Ihittallv the nanagensnr iBLled, -ith .et- lldsBm. sub.equehru clsf,hd amv Dro. eEn€ 6,tc &aal $d deploynenr orcrsF, vdedtrcunt}h,I ,BHEL ErueeeonF. that us no! anerhd,. The juridi.al The m.agehent hs anbrnced BHEL tdlEhin, thus, be.ane a shield ror R:.r0,000 s comp.G!1idn to.ll lAe ehploy_ imction even white h6r ofihe louGhip vs e6 whcs houe! kE d6ho}td. Bur ihe o.fir.Fu her,mbasehenitookapGitioD comperalion pliq h$ m @ision for othe! lhar'i.duslri,l propeny was .o! uDds. at kih& ofdeslrudiqb s.d iqiun*. The tani- tftk, heqnins rhe ptaoi. But ihe cIsE Ad li6 or the rEs ehptoyeea kiltod are pbE, 1963 expri.nly iruluds in i6 durica piote. ised joh to the ur&. After Dooahr w$ iion oleDploye* lnd theirqu,rE6. tS. r0 Bbredlhe ehploF6 have applied torreal- (d) aod (e)1. The Ac! ar@ auhles thedeptoy- lo.atio. oftheirquaieB. M$lihs ore con- menioriheaorceins€herstdutiests 15l,like 8reg,ling in sons rrlock or seddE while conhoni.g a riobus snustio. in ab iodu* theE k counbr hovement by ihc hindus nial bwEbip. f,vs uany ihai is whar hsp. sbo. BrJanusryehd obour 30 mutihand p€n€d ctsFw,sJeploJ.d. p.rhuF b) rhen ll9hinduenprdreeEqudrsqeEseededb by ille Dsosgemebr. The inremclioh akociel pol and Derhi. ihs B.rP sovqnmmts d,yE l@1. berwee. ihe trrre nunberad The si$ific,.ceofCISF in comphbry slr,Fcd. QuatuE &n be ch$sed. Bhopqr duri.sfi rrwsklis inlhaiihc local But it *iu doe6 Doi eliDi.aie the specs qnd poli.e bDphbty lc! !hei! t.silin,cj ri {s heesily ror i.&radion beiwi.n theD, d clsFwhich prcviaea retieraor ihous.nd6 of rhs aoor level, in ihe ptant. Asenbly line riciins. we h'!c erEedy rctered io rhe lons prductioh h4hanhDs ,re ooi knou b refr imprieiioN of lhe emolE]ns dnersstre hakeEligiousdclindioN. Fdrrheprescnra suuen silcn.s harkr the rct.rioNhip, be. B bdeh, rbo;sisnifiBnc in!h: ihDedi. ireebtheiwo Afier workinsroserherioihe rie iiluBtion woutd he absuid. counr,\rt preDhr pubric se*or und.rRkihs. 'rhe dcploymeni orcIsE. stongviih 8hd struEslina tdseihrr in ii. unio.s, lor ermy, .dntrclled th. snuaiion. M.q.{hile r.om giri [selt vrctims begen movihs inio reausea.nhps tt te.si9,000ourof theto&t 17,000 lefuE es h tho ciry are rron BHEL onih3 EasratohSrhonitvdJ line is area.And r0 outotuhe3t carnpsvcF lo.aied ntu,cd a clu*erorjhussF lonrprisinso/r heE Thc nr$tih coptoye.s or lhe BHEr_ ,lo0 dwerinF. The..beroDs bnisranc who initianyhokshetrerioiha ci!il ollce suh. ceme heE five ysaB !3o rEm urhan aod sequenuy BHEr, Spotu rlEdq trusst laB hunbor ot rerugeB trcm du over the sres ,l;rrcG The popuhr oE or hrdue end orhers indude NurEj cinoma, coviodpuB Dwlinsdre inbnnded, rhoush Dustimere and piptani Pipbhi DeJdl fhe nsjid hoEed bla.ds rh.soulhern en,J ar,oui r,000a{he pesk rrelsoinduded rhosd 'ndreconeDhrEdlhe 6ideor5 rcrkas vesdehteven oc or hindu raoilies who n'n our ottear or rcp!. .zk. ( .\.p haton hanE, h@@l ntoa@ne wi.hih ihe bB, a pa! ': 'toar.d rislly @Bitucr.d Do6que. The cocr.udid^ colol|v orrufta k$ rn prc3hsti Auer1992,wf,e!6r;. hocs,,fimh s scereofhuchrubrt iionstierthedsholi;" ol lbpPed ir The ncs@ *hm k viArtcd o;trb or &iri tu3jid. TtE hou,ebetone toa i. hpotrEnoxrciuor bst. Durins wil, uEn htu6 sbt4z !. ._ ,t fire rsr qbr€ne, the the r6idenE ,huEErdGtcrEsorE),ttobedsmlish.d n.d no@ ihe ba6rt. orNL; D hw thhush dmiis t I th+ F'ched !n Lhe Ridats of ihe.4jmant 6tody orpkc; ihe rdai noEs. ene such oisanired s LtehDt wilh rhr rE'dent3, hdporbu ddsB@aboded Mohamtud sidd{ui rab bsck h :. bv dsadh;r. hE house to ser free the of str,rjon s faq raB ba.k Foat ried i! lF Cu{cwl@d

rwo& ofrhe h c. house ih th. ulDinin: Bvssed f,on6 ih theEi. iole that soheone rooLSalin 6ihe Govi.dpur.serorathaE v @n31o a$e$ !he; 16!. obe day aPlice bu! tI. policeen plEent thEhled theh p,nydid @mo A van wfh blsnkehsbrd In ibe homins she baroeed b Edh sslii ouLside lhe bG! stsnd in a bw. Disbftulioh oa6rsnksE lrarrd ali io an autodrive.. He oued sn eiih ou.h ranfaE. CaDsr.s cliclei. Then aubrickhaw which wu burhi du;ns ihe abrupily F)iemeb sbl irh ths lan and dmve atbcli wiih [n wire he had ],iddd in an oft h an o!ry eix blanteL wra dLrriLured, eDply f,oue of a hindu lsisfibour. rn rie betoE caneh3 downea their .hudeE. hornins, ihey eloDs viih orheE xho had 3.3 Pechplr Naga! roiurDed.weret3kenbythepotice b P'pt.hi and Narral Rtief@nP.. on sJsnusrJ they situlted cr6e ro as hed! Parhni !hiri€n b Bash F,rh,tAI:a. iD F se.tor B.rlhda, Pa,rLpir NaFr hos6 The victim s[enpG to shitl back abund.1000peoue. oath6s 2,l rahiliB aE are roired b, neichhouE who shout 3lossu nusrihs. Thoush thenustinshouses,reo. vhcnever ihsy vkit ihcir d6hored hous. ooe snd ot in. corony, rheE have be.n no Expecliog s surey beE otrhe'artnini.rra- tetuioE bcrweeb the coDDu,nies h rhe 25 rion, ob 13 JeDusry !b.y ve& soins rd lhen Jea6 oriheir rey here. sone Fople so.Il ei hoNes. fne hinibm in shi.h ihry weE BHEL s conbad lebour. Mo els reh.ur rravdinsu6 suftudsd hy hindu :5idanr3 eE, Petry shoPtreep€E, vsndoB, ply 6.s3 shoutibglrosero.fhe diverotthebushcL. e1.. SoneortbeDUslinfahirieshadshod ih ilv drcve on and the vicrih6 reiumed 6 lbo BejnqMftkd urbr Nim of 0n Dulih r,hili6 hea pu.o houses. Bejre.sD,t.dmnitie6*eEro,ned 3,4 Acharya NarenalEdov Nrgai in Barurede Pethabi se$ in the Fd tew ClGe 6 subha.h NsEar stons tiE yeaB. Rancs were hkeb our in !ha! cdlony bduoderrotihe BHDLlolmbip i! siluated6 bur never i. Panchpir Napsr. sliv senh too b,ri (alled Ach.4a Narendradev Naear. v8 aciive ib Ba!*:hsda Pllbaoi. However oD fhe bed hs! rwosdsor€debb ()!;d ? DeceDbe. the r*idenb aid no! spprshend sre htrao& troD Bihe! (Minly rrco Bhas.lpur snd Motihari dkt icb) shd hels Pe.chpn Nagar vE atbcked ercuDd ene here i! ihe Isi tev yesE .nd ftrL & Didn'shr on 3 D€cemLar Mobs 3nourne laboumn ib f'dories and other Brabli.h- sloEam aof@ched the bwliD henb. The second s€r aE rio.e *hGs fani, eEs. 'dh^hi"; Ilsidenh {aE sumnnded arccLea lie! haE heeb living in Bhopat tor senei,, rnd women.eerc motelled. M6t ot ihe reai. iidro and hare 6hified ro thi..dtony mr a dsnts nams.d io ca.ap€ b e fored aE! dedde aEo fron thsn ea.lie. Midencs ai nea.br. They.'he beck rn ihe oornins ro shahjaheBbad .nd JhiGi chaubhe rnsre fibd reirhou*sburntorde royed.Noneor they were hnsnb. th6epoplesre h'inLy tAe naBnbouEcame out b hetp. Thevictin3 Fdy tradeB ope.stins ba sel! and vesE. srEo idsnliried so@ poticehe. i. thesth.k. iibre sho}s while soe yor! as hlDDsh, Salih wrk! s a esurl tsbouEr in lodins and unloadibs ttuck. york. oGrtuc$on Hi. wite sh,ijs Eede bidis Potie oee io lhs bsii o. ? and 3 a! hohe. $tinl race v4 hadl, cui by a DeceDber btonduci 3ear.hos in iha hou6 sword. Both then hid in some butr6 neerhv clBra hundred youns beb kE a.rated, rD fron vrieE thry witn*sed an e.iire fehii jail they reE Etu3sd food krer fo.l6hs bcin8 3urbunded and burhi. Lat€r shajjs *rerb$. Aihck! o. rhs tsti'nd 6br6d on B Ds@mber whe! ons hworjhussis odjoinins ohF€Eaiion M. !.id an6. iho luNq hr rh6 @nalion Bbuld! yo..et on 6E_ Eol, rhs odnihill.aiion, bul the inftill valu or loviry rhis the Bihari nisnnr!, 4,ibly Elislpa denucbd h.n ir. M6i ofrhs taDi- 60re fahilier witl .obhuut viotene,l€ft li6 thu. bre, soi eDounr. loE th,n x.. the bsri in .eaEn of s Elus.. 500. Th6 r6lief and.dhFlution bad bssn Th€ lerse 3.ale hob strack 3t!.d 3penr on oEubptioD x€& h th. drF when ercund I0 a.h. on s Deebhe., snd 6nie.t they hid no 3oure ofinoDe. In addition ths o. rill the evebi.s. Arcund 26{ jhussis weE l%! and pols ye.s .6len, to. ihe &EiliB atscksd ofvhich orer a lnndr€d reE cdE- reE in rh6 ElistBDp. ons ofthe inmbs of pletely LurnL. Ths if,e ohp, Ahdul R.rriD, had l1L hr! ct6s to numbeB,,n hdcks end sDe h Flie iee; ite towroh,Pbound4, The loF,nd pol6 A miiqble se.rion vE in Frli@ unifo.c Pired to h,h hare been obrccsbd }; rh" abd 5oDe ot theh lad their t .d perrialy BHEI autho;lis., 161 he egdn buiid his oleEd wilh doth. Me.J eDen eE no- hdEa llE BHIL nBmsehenr hs drried kred, strippsd and atbck€n witi 6k.& krk on the boundsry uI and 3ewsr lin6. and acid shakeetarjhussi ko buinl. wheh Therby @nyoathe rioiyiciiD. will lse rre shc nh oui she 4a! sbnsd, rheh raushr, *ri@d and Eped she bkr dicd at lcrtur6s ThevictihasEhop€iuliiilth€ywill hospi6l. anorher wo@en Pbo nE r,iptsd be prolided lsDd sllevheE. Th€yare rekios end.apedift *ererold,hes go.eb'ckioher rotkld b beins prryidsd tand ihs Fa.[ar villaF iD Bihar. A 75 yeai old {oman! a*i Ala cahp iGsr. T,he, find the'r ptic benor were chopp€d or and her son Ms )dlled for rhsi,s*urirr. fhe 3dur of rhei. hope i. beforhereyes r('d $ssihmmo,a!€islt ih8t they weE asuEd.ishb o€r their ranit monrh ertFe E!b,n who {M slso;E 113 ft by 30 Ii) h 1932 by rhe Jtusi Jhopri Ni,fu. SaDiti. The Sasiti Ms rohsd du.- In the eveninE am,hd 5 p.n. crsF i.aihe !ih6whsnAjunSinsh q3 ih6 Chiet Mini.r2r ro oblarD vor6 liom lhe jhussi EtFrbd TrE injuEd kE ;L.n 6 rGtuna dElleE. Lr edo lhe victih.troow rhar6. hospibl rnd ths ren 6 a eliet ehp sr a s,hiii hu lonssines3ed t oxjsl. !ch@l in coyi.dpura. soDe otihe FliGnen who EB part of the Dob aracli wr rtjo pEsenr.t ihe .etiefcimp. I1le viciihs reD rslievd when the arEr hovea ih on rhe okhi orll De.eD[er. Tbe relrcf.,ho EA. do€.d [email protected]^n/";-"^. lhs i.Dai{ hoved h a cempst Basf, Isrhai Afa i.io ihe tih shed. ihir €ne up r rh. 193,1su rBBEd] Ir u.F.h6d!, sN{ed't by sxtuy b4 e,Hitio , tso rior fi tamiriB &!n su&@ Na€84'round srbhash N44 ch,ndbsd P'pLni, Bosh ssq.iy,b, &rknedr Petnen, ahd a4hsryr NsEodE&v

The atr r6d rrEni6! rec orcv F, Mrh tu.600sdyodd6n loF.hd 16 haEhm pd6 hy My ol i.modiai€ Eli6t Lt€r NOTE

This i.pon is basd on the joi .flods oa Sanskirik Morcha, Btop.l and Peopl.'s Union for Denocratic Ri8l s, Delhi. The nai. pan oirhi inveslisadon s6 untlenak n i.lh€ lhnd we.-k or Janu.ly 1993. on 2 April,lhe Ja6alpur bench oa lhc M P. HigI Coun shck dNn th€ dismissal oi lhe Sundeilal Patwa g@emmenr' The tull bench by a m,jority judgenent of rwo ro one qudh.d rhe PBidential proclualion of 15 DeceBber s "inv.lid and bevond rhe scop€ of Anicle 356 of $e Consdtution"- (ItE dis*tliog Judgr,JuqnrK M.Aga alrn(ideNdlvherd!h.ludrcralenquiry o\er Bhopalno6.l O, lb apnl lhe suprcme Coud gra0kl a ctuv

23APnl1993 \ri i l rq *: aR srr;r& ffi gemil *qn ft! sli srtard ffi sdrdrfr qr< r.qrlf{ d {q't i

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Publbhed by: Secetarr, People'sU,rion forDemocratic Righrs, D.lhi For Copls: Dr. Sudesh vaid, D-2, siaffQuane6,l.P. College, Shannath Ma€ - Delhi 110054 Sanskrnik Morcha, E I/208, Arera Colony, Bhop,l I P.int€d rr: Eagle An Pr6s, Naraina lndusrrial Area, Nev Dethi . SuEA€st€d Contrrbnnon: Rs. ln ebos! a&l nailiq charges) I