Basics of Hematology and Patho-Histology
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Eosin Y Catalysed Photoredox Synthesis: a Review
RSC Advances REVIEW View Article Online View Journal | View Issue Eosin Y catalysed photoredox synthesis: a review a b Cite this: RSC Adv.,2017,7,31377 Vishal Srivastava and Praveen P. Singh * In recent years, photoredox catalysis using eosin Y has come to the fore front in organic chemistry as a powerful strategy for the activation of small molecules. In a general sense, these approaches rely on the ability of organic dyes to convert visible light into chemical energy by engaging in single-electron Received 14th May 2017 transfer with organic substrates, thereby generating reactive intermediates. In this perspective, we Accepted 13th June 2017 highlight the unique ability of photoredox catalysis to expedite the development of completely new DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05444k reaction mechanisms, with particular emphasis placed on multicatalytic strategies that enable the rsc.li/rsc-advances construction of challenging carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. 1. Introduction However, the transition metal based photocatalysts disadvantageously exhibit high cost, low sustainability and Visible light photoredox catalysis has recently received much potential toxicity. Recently, a superior alternative to transition Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. attention in organic synthesis owing to ready availability, metal photoredox catalysts, especially metal-free organic dyes sustainability, non-toxicity and ease of handling of visible particularly eosin Y has been used as economically and 1–13 light but the general interest in the eld started much ecologically superior surrogates for Ru(II)andIr(II)complexes earlier.14 Unlike thermal reactions, photoredox processes occur in visible-light promoted organic transformations involving 18–21 under mild conditions and do not require radical initiators or SET (single electron transfer). -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 De Juan Et Al
US 200601 10428A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 de Juan et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 25, 2006 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE Publication Classification TREATMENT OF OCULAR CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Eugene de Juan, LaCanada, CA (US); A6F 2/00 (2006.01) Signe E. Varner, Los Angeles, CA (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/427 (US); Laurie R. Lawin, New Brighton, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Featured is a method for instilling one or more bioactive SCOTT PRIBNOW agents into ocular tissue within an eye of a patient for the Kagan Binder, PLLC treatment of an ocular condition, the method comprising Suite 200 concurrently using at least two of the following bioactive 221 Main Street North agent delivery methods (A)-(C): Stillwater, MN 55082 (US) (A) implanting a Sustained release delivery device com (21) Appl. No.: 11/175,850 prising one or more bioactive agents in a posterior region of the eye so that it delivers the one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 5, 2005 bioactive agents into the vitreous humor of the eye; (B) instilling (e.g., injecting or implanting) one or more Related U.S. Application Data bioactive agents Subretinally; and (60) Provisional application No. 60/585,236, filed on Jul. (C) instilling (e.g., injecting or delivering by ocular ion 2, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/669,701, filed tophoresis) one or more bioactive agents into the Vit on Apr. 8, 2005. reous humor of the eye. Patent Application Publication May 25, 2006 Sheet 1 of 22 US 2006/0110428A1 R 2 2 C.6 Fig. -
Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain (H&E)
Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain (H&E) TECHNIQUE: Formalin fixed, paraffin tissue sections REAGENTS: Mayer’s Hematoxylin (Source Medical, catalog# 9235360) 0.5% Acid Alcohol 70% Ethanol ----------------------------------------------------------------------995ml Hydrochloric Acid, (36.5% - 38%) ------------------------------------------- 5ml 1X PBS (pH 7.2-7.3) Alcoholic-Eosin 1.0% Eosin Y Eosin Y (CAS# 17372-87-1) -------------------------------------------------- 1.0 g Distilled water ------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 ml 1.0% Phloxine B Phloxine B (CAS# 18472-87-2) ---------------------------------------------- 0.5 g Distilled water ------------------------------------------------------------------ 50.0 ml Working Alcoholic-Eosin Solution 1.0% Eosin Y ------------------------------------------------------------------- 50.0 ml 1.0% Phloxine B --------------------------------------------------------------- 5.0 ml 95% Ethanol -------------------------------------------------------------------- 390.0 ml Acetic acid, glacial ------------------------------------------------------------- 4.0 ml 11/2018 Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain (H&E) 5 micron Paraffin Sections PROCEDURE: 1. Deparaffinize and rehydrate slides to distilled water 2. Stain in Mayers Hematoxylin for 1 minute 3. Wash with 4-5 changes of Tap water or until blue stops coming off slides 4. Blue nuclei in 1X PBS for 1 minute 5. Wash with 3 changes of distilled water 6. Counterstain in Alcoholic-Eosin for 1 minute (DO NOT RINSE) 7. Dehydrate through 3 -
Outcomes of Conservative Treatment of Giant Omphaloceles with Dissodic 2% Aqueous Eosin: 15 Years' Experience
Access this article online Website: Original Article www.afrjpaedsurg.org DOI: 10.4103/0189-6725.132825 PMID: *** Outcomes of conservative treatment of giant Quick Response Code: omphaloceles with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin: 15 years’ experience B. D. Kouame, T. H. Odehouri Koudou, J. B. Yaokreh, M. Sounkere, S. Tembely, K. G. S. Yapo, R. Boka, M. Koffi, A. G. Dieth, O. Ouattara, A. da Silva, R. Dick INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT Background: The surgical management of giant Surgical treatment of the giant omphaloceles leads to omphalocele is a surgical challenge with high several haemodynamic and respiratory complications mortality and morbidity in our country due to the which increase their mortality. To reduce the morbidity absence of neonatal resuscitation. This study evaluates conservative management of giant and the mortality of the surgical management of the giant omphalocele with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin. omphalocele, conservative’s treatments with antiseptic Materials and Methods: In the period from January solutions were carried out.[1-3] Povidone iodine and 1997 to December 2012, giant omphaloceles were merbromin have been used during several years due to their treated with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin. The capacity to promote escharification and epithelialization procedure consisted of twice a day application of of the omphalocele sac. However due to complications dissodic 2% aqueous eosin (sterile solution for topical application) on the omphalocele sac. The such as transient hypothyroidism with povidone iodine or procedure was taught to the mother to continue mercury poising with merbromin, there was the cessation at home with an outpatient follow-up to assess of their use for conservative treatment.[1-4] epithelialization. -
Eosin Staining
Science of H & E Andrew Lisowski, M.S., HTL (A.S.C.P.) 1 Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining “The desired end result of a tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin is based upon what seems to be almost infinite factors. Pathologists have individual preferences for section thickness, intensities, and shades. The choice of which reagents to use must take into consideration: cost, method of staining, option of purchasing commercially-prepared or technician-prepared reagents, safety, administration policies, convenience, availability, quality, technical limitations, as well as personal preference.” Guidelines for Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining National Society for Histotechnology 2 Why Do We Stain? In order to deliver a medical diagnosis, tissues must be examined under a microscope. Once a tissue specimen has been processed by a histology lab and transferred onto a glass slide, it needs to be appropriately stained for microscopic evaluation. This is because unstained tissue lacks contrast: when viewed under the microscope, everything appears in uniform dull grey color. Unstained tissue H&E stained tissue 3 What Does "Staining" Do? . Contrasts different cells . Highlights particular features of interest . Illustrates different cell structures . Detects infiltrations or deposits in the tissue . Detect pathogens Superbly contrasted GI cells Placenta’s large blood H&E stain showing extensive vessels iron deposits There are different staining techniques to reveal different structures of the cell 4 What is H&E Staining? As its name suggests, H&E stain makes use of a combination of two dyes – hematoxylin and eosin. It is often termed as “routine staining” as it is the most common way of coloring otherwise transparent tissue specimen. -
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Presenting with Severe Anemia and Near Syncope
J Am Board Fam Med: first published as 10.3122/jabfm.2012.06.110269 on 7 November 2012. Downloaded from BRIEF REPORT Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Presenting with Severe Anemia and Near Syncope Nneka Ekunno, DO, MPH, Kirk Munsayac, DO, Allen Pelletier, MD, and Thad Wilkins, MD Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders or eosinophilic digestive disorders encompass a spectrum of rare gastrointestinal disorders that includes eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, and eosinophilic colitis. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by eosino- philic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical manifestations include anemia, dyspepsia, and diarrhea. Endoscopy with biopsy showing histologic evidence of eosinophilic infiltration is consid- ered definitive for diagnosis. Corticosteroid therapy, food allergen testing, elimination diets, and ele- mental diets are considered effective treatments for eosinophilic gastroenteritis. The treatment and prognosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is determined by the severity of the clinical manifestations. We describe a 24-year-old woman with eosinophilic gastroenteritis presenting as epigastric pain with a history of severe iron deficiency anemia, asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis, and we review the litera- ture regarding presentation, diagnostic testing, pathophysiology, predisposing factors, and treatment recommendations. (J Am Board Fam Med 2012;25:913–918.) Keywords: Case Reports, Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis, Gastrointestinal Disorders copyright. A 24-year-old nulliparous African-American woman During examination, her height was 62 inches, was admitted after an episode of near syncope asso- weight 117 lb, and body mass index 21.44 kg/m2. Her ciated with 2 days of fatigue and dizziness. She re- heart rate was 111 beats per minute, blood pressure ported gradual onset of dyspepsia over 2 to 3 121/57 mm Hg, respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute, months. -
Photophysical and Antibacterial Activity of Light- Activated Quaternary Eosin Y
Open Chem., 2019; 17: 1244–1251 Research Article Desislava Staneva, Stanislava Yordanova*, Evgenia Vasileva-Tonkova, Stanimir Stoyanov, Ivo Grabchev Photophysical and antibacterial activity of light- activated quaternary eosin Y https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0135 received December 3, 2018; accepted May 9, 2019. Keywords: eosin Y, photophysics, antimicrobial activity, antibacterial textile Abstract: The functional characteristics of a new eosin dye with biocidal quaternary ammonium group (E) were studied in aqueous solution and in organic solvents of 1 Introduction different polarity. The spectral properties depend on the nature and polarity of the respective solvents. The Fluorescent compounds are often used in medicine, antimicrobial activity of compound E has been tested in pharmacy, biology and environmental protection [1,2]. vitro against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Among the known fluorophore structures used in these Acinetobacter johnsoni and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), fields, the eosin Y and its derivatives are very important. Gram-positive bacteria (Sarcina lutea and Bacillus cereus) They belong to the group of xanthene fluorescent dyes and the antifungal activity was tested against the yeasts with a wide range of photophysical and biological Candida lipolytica in solution and after treated on cotton applications, due to their low toxicity in vivo, and high fabric. Broth dilution test has been used for quantitative water solubility [3]. The utility of eosin derivatives is evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of compound E associated to their good spectral characteristics and the against the model strains. The ability of compound E to possibility to interact with different type of biomolecules inhibit the growth of model Gram-negative P. -
Induced Osteogenesis in Plants Decellularized Scaffolds
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Induced Osteogenesis in Plants Decellularized Scafolds Jennifer Lee1,4, Hyerin Jung2,3,4, Narae Park2,3, Sung-Hwan Park1 & Ji Hyeon Ju1,2,3* A three-dimensional (3D) culture system that closely replicates the in vivo microenvironment of calcifying osteoid is essential for in vitro cultivation of bone-like material. In this regard, the 3D cellulose constructs of plants may well serve as scafolds to promote growth and diferentiation of osteoblasts in culture. Our aim in this study was to generate bone-like tissue by seeding pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), stimulated to diferentiate as osteoblasts in culture, onto the decellularised scafolds of various plants. We then assessed expression levels of pertinent cellular markers and degrees of calcium- specifc staining to gauge technical success. Apple scafolding bearing regular pores of 300 μm seemed to provide the best construct. The bone-like tissue thus generated was implantable in a rat calvarial defect model where if helped form calcifed tissue. Depending on the regularity and sizing of scafold pores, this approach readily facilitates production of mineralized bone. It is well established that three-dimensional (3D), rather than two-dimensional (2D), culture ofers a microenvi- ronment closer to in vivo conditions, better enabling in vitro development of organoids. Similar with other organs, there is a growing clinical need for bone organoids, which may be particularly suitable substitutes for less available autologous bone grafs, helping to repair critical bony injuries or congenital defects. Unfortunately, current engi- neering techniques involving bone are largely restricted to 3D culture of osteoblasts. Hence, the term ‘bone-like tissue’ seems more apt than ‘bone organoid’. -
Product Name Here Routine Stains & Special Stains
® A Division of General Data Healthcare Histology Innovation for a NEW Generation Ready-To-Use Reagents, Dyes & Stains RoutineProduct Stains Name & SpecialHere Stains Single Source For Your Histology Reagents. Protecting Every Life Story In Your Lab. Each tissue specimen your lab processes has a life story behind it. Your mission is to ensure all your specimens receive optimal processing in order to deliver the best possible care. Our product line of histological reagents, dyes and ready-to-use stains enable your lab to deliver increased productivity, advanced specimen safety and provide highly accurate processing and staining results. ROutINE stAIns Eosin Y, 1.0% alcoholic solution, Non-Acidic Cytoplasmic counterstain useful in immuno-histochemistry or treatment of tissue sections with hematoxylin. Contains no acetic acid. Ready-to-use with any automated stainer. Cat. # Description E-1Y1P Eosin Y, 1%, 16 oz/ea; See MSDS for HAZ-MAT handling requirements under transportation on Air Shipments; Store at 25° C E-YP50GR Eosin Y Certified Powder, 50gm/ea. See MSDS for HAZ-MAT handling requirements under transportation on Air Shipments; Store at 25°C Gill’s #2, double strength for Histology & Cytology Used when a stronger or darker nuclear stain is required for cytology or immunohistochemistry (IHC) counterstaining. Gill’s #2 formulation is a double strength mixture, stains darker and more quickly than Gill’s #1. General purpose nuclear stain, progressive type. Used with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cat. # Description H-G21L Gills 2 Hematoxylin, 1L/ea. See MSDS for HAZ-MAT handling requirements under transportation on Air Shipments; Store at room temp. -
Developing Fluorogenic Reagents for Detecting and Enhancing Bloody Fingerprints
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Developing Fluorogenic Reagents for Detecting and Enhancing Bloody Fingerprints Author: Robert M. Strongin, Dr.Martha Sibrian-Vazquez Document No.: 227841 Date Received: August 2009 Award Number: 2007-DN-BX-K171 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Developing Fluorogenic Reagents for Detecting and Enhancing Bloody Fingerprints Award 2007-DN-BX-K171 Authors Prof. Robert M. Strongin Dr.Martha Sibrian-Vazquez 1 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Abstract Fingerprints are the most common and useful physical evidence for the apprehension and conviction of crime perpetrators. Fluorogenic reagents for detecting and enhancing fingerprints in blood, however, have several associated challenges. For instance, they are generally unsuitable for dark and multi-colored substrates. Luminol and fluorescin and other chemilumigens and fluorigens can be used with dark and often multi-colored substrates, but are not compatible with fixatives and their oxidation products are not insoluble. -
Morphological Assessment of Epididymal Sperm in Wistar Rats Using Different Histological Stains
Short Communication Acta Vet Eurasia 2020; 46: 132-136 Morphological Assessment of Epididymal Sperm in Wistar Rats Using Different Histological Stains Nathan Isaac DIBAL , Sani Hyedima GARBA , Tamunotonye Watson JACKS Department of Human Anatomy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria Cite this article as: Dibal, N.I., Garba, S.H., Jacks, T.W., 2020. Morphological Assessment of Epididymal Sperm in Wistar Rats Using Different Histological Stains. Acta Vet Eurasia 2020; 46: 132-136. ORCID IDs of the authors: N.I.D. 0000-0002-1805-7553; S.H.G. 0000-0001-6165-0064; T.W.J. 0000-0002-1096-2997 Abstract Spermatozoa are unique and highly specialized cells operat- blue, Alcian blue, Harris hematoxylin, and eosin stains. The re- ing at the microscopic level in a complex environment and sult showed that the head and the proximal and distal parts have various sizes, shapes, and forms. The sizes, shapes, and of the tail were stained excellently with crystal violet and H&E forms of the spermatozoa are dependent on the species but stains. Giemsa and Harris hematoxylin were also good but may be different even within the same species. Five Wistar rats could not stain the distal part of the tail. In conclusion, crystal were euthanized using ketamine injection. The epididymis of violet is the best stain for sperm morphology in Wistar rats fol- each rat was dissected, teased and diluted in normal saline. lowed by H&E stain. Several smears were prepared and stained with Giemsa, Leish- Keywords: Crystal violet, eosin, hematoxylin, morphology, man, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), crystal violet, methylene sperm Introduction copy (Sousa et al., 2013; Villaverde et al., 2008). -
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology (2019) 57:272–285 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-019-08732-1 Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders Nirmala Gonsalves1 Published online:22 March 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID) are a group of disorders characterized by pathologic eosinophilic infiltration of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, or colon leading to organ dysfunction and clinical symptoms (J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr; Spergel et al., 52: 300–306, 2011). These disorders include eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), eosinophilic gastritis (EG), eosino- philic gastroenteritis (EGE), eosinophilic enteritis (EE), and eosinophilic colitis (EC). Symptoms are dependent not only on the location (organ) as well as extent (layer invasion of the bowel wall). Common symptoms of EoE include dysphagia and food impaction in adults and heartburn, abdominal pain, and vomiting in children. Common symptoms of the other EGIDs include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, early satiety, diarrhea, and weight loss. These disorders are considered immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorders with strong links to food allergen triggers. Treatment strategies focus on either medical or dietary therapy. These options include not only controlling symptoms and bowel inflammation but also on identifying potential food triggers. This chapter will focus on the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of these increasingly recognized disorders. Keywords Eosinophilic gastroenteritis . Eosinophilic gastritis . Eosinophilic esophagitis . Dysphagia . Food impaction . Food allergy Introduction purpose of this chapter, we will discuss these disorders sepa- rately and focus on the available data on the clinical presenta- Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID) are a group of tion, pathophysiology, and treatment. disorders characterized by pathologic eosinophilic infiltration of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, or colon leading to organ dysfunction and clinical symptoms [1].