DOCSLIB.ORG

Engaging Tribal Leaders in an American Indian Healthy Eating Project Through Modified Talking Circles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Engaging Tribal Leaders in an American Indian Healthy Eating Project Through Modified Talking Circles Fam Community Health Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 202–210 Copyright C 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Engaging Tribal Leaders in an American Indian Healthy Eating Project Through Modified Talking Circles Sheila Fleischhacker, PhD, JD; Maihan Vu, DrPH; Amy Ries, PhD; Ashley McPhail, BS Frequently used in the American Indian (AI) community and proven to be a valuable tool in health research, a Talking Circle is a method used by a group to discuss a topic in an egalitarian and nonconfrontational manner. Using community-based participatory research, a modified Talking Circle format was developed for engaging tribal leaders in an American Indian Healthy Eating Project in North Carolina. The culturally informed formative research approach enabled us to garner project support from 7 tribes, as well as insights on developing planning and policy strategies to improve access to healthy eating within each of the participating communities. Key words: American Indians, community engagement, food environment, Talking Circles Author Affiliation: Center for Health Promotion and MERICAN INDIANS (AIs)∗ endure a Disease Prevention (Drs Fleischhacker and Vu) and disproportionate risk of developing Department of Nutrition (Dr Ries), University of North A Carolina–Chapel Hill; and Cumberland County Health diet-related diseases of public health con- Department, Fayetteville, North Carolina cern, such as diabetes, obesity, and certain (Ms McPhail). cancers.1 Illustrative of these disparities, Type This project would not have been possible without the support from Coharie Tribe, Haliwa-Saponi In- 2 diabetes is considered a common disease dian Tribe, Lumbee Tribe, Meherrin Indian Tribe, for AI children older than 10 years.2 As Occaneechi Band of Saponi Nation, Sappony, and Wac- young as 4-year-olds, AI preschoolers in a re- camawSiouanTribe.WethanktheNorthCarolina Commission of Indian Affairs; specifically, Gregory cent cross-sectional, nationally representative Richardson, Missy Brayboy, and Dr Robin Cummings. study were found to have the highest preva- We greatly appreciate the time and thoughts shared by lence of obesity among 5 major racial/ethnic all Talking Circle participants. Our community liaisons and advisors were tremendous: Dr Ronny Bell, Tabatha groups (American Indian/Native Alaskan, Brewer, Sandra Bronner, Sherri Brooks, Randi Byrd, 31.2%; Hispanic, 22.0%; non-Hispanic black, Candice Collins, Dorothy Crowe, Vivette Jeffries-Logan, 20.8%; non-Hispanic white, 15.9%; and Asian, Dr Clara Sue Kidwell, Eric Locklear, Tony V. Locklear, 3 Faye Martin, Devonna Mountain, Julia Phipps, Marty 12.8%). The myriad of factors contributing Richardson, and John Scott-Richardson. Jason Evans to AI diet-related health disparities include crafted our Talking Stick. poverty; genetics; dietary changes over time; Support for this project was provided by Healthy Eat- and, in some cases, government policies.4,5 ing Research, a national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and a National Institute of Health (NIH) University of North Carolina Interdis- ∗Throughout this brief, the term, ,is ciplinary Obesity Training Grant (T 32 MH75854-03). American Indian The content is solely the responsibility of the authors used to describe both American Indians and Alaska Na- and does not necessarily represent the official views of tives. According to the US Census 2000, this collective cat- the RWJF or NIH. egorization includes individuals who self-identified that Correspondence: Sheila Fleischhacker, PhD, JD, Cen- they have origins in any of the original peoples of North ter for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Uni- and South America (including Central America). An esti- versity of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC mated 4.3 million individuals indicated this race/ethnicity 27599 (sheilafl[email protected]). category and this included 2.4 million people who only DOI: 10.1097/FCH.0b013e31821960bb reported American Indian and Alaska Native as their race. 202 Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. Engaging Tribal Leaders in an American Indian Healthy Eating Project 203 Environmental and policy strategies can are in various stages of implementing, eval- promote healthy eating and reduce diet- uating, and sustaining interventions aiming to related health disparities.6-8 But research increase the availability and consumption of and practice has predominantly focused on healthy food and beverage items.24-26 Forma- understanding individual behavior change tive work indicated that some tribal members rather than evaluating environmental and traveled as far as 30 miles off the reservation to policy factors.9 Despite this oversight, ev- access a diverse supply of affordable, healthy idence has been mounting over the last foods.26 Even less is known about the food en- 10 years demonstrating associations be- vironment for AIs living off reservations and tween diet-related health disparities and the outside of tribal areas—estimated to be as high local food environment.10-12 Various def- as 64% of the AI population.27 The US Census initions exist; but generally, community- Bureau noted when making this estimation level measures of the food environment in- that the number of AIs living off reservation clude food stores, restaurants, schools, and and in other rural and urban Indian communi- worksites.13 Besides the identification and ties is difficult to determine in part because of categorization of food outlets, measures of how reservations are defined and how the AI the food environment take into account the population is tracked. Another challenge for availability, accessibility, and affordability of understanding AI diet-related health dispari- healthy foods and beverages (eg, fruits and ties is the Indian Health Services (Pub. L. No. vegetables), along with exposure to calorie- 67-85, §13; Pub. L. No. 94-437; and Pub. L. dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages (eg, No. 111-148, §10221) and the Food Distribu- sugar-sweetened beverages).14 Research ex- tion Program on Indian Reservations (Pub. L. amining associations between public health No. 93-86, §4(b); Pub. L. No. 106-171, §4; and and the food environment have found that Pub. L. No. 110-234, §4(b)) do not provide ser- greater proximity to chain grocery stores is vices to or data on AIs who are not members related to health outcomes, such as lower of federally recognized tribes. The US Con- body mass index and lower prevalence of stitution explicitly mentions the relationship obesity.15,16 Higher obesity prevalence has between the US federal government and In- been found in areas with increased access dian tribes (US Const., art. 1, §8). Through to convenience stores or smaller grocery this special government-to-government rela- stores.17 Compared with chain grocery sto- tionship, federally recognized tribes possess ries, smaller food outlets tend to stock less certain inherent rights of self-government and fruits and vegetables and more processed entitlement to federal benefits, services, and foods.18 Associations between obesity and protections (United States v Sandoval, 231 access to fast food restaurants has been US 28 (1913)). Under federal law and for their reported.19 Communities of lower socioeco- internal government purposes only, state gov- nomic status, with a higher proportion of eth- ernments can recognize Indian tribes (Indian nic minorities, or in rural settings may be at Arts and Crafts Act, 25 USC §305e (d)). The risk for living further away from chain grocery number of state-recognized tribes varies de- stores and closer to fast food restaurants and pending on source but at least 16 states have convenience stores.20-22 recognized tribes even though the federal No studies, to our knowledge, have sys- government has not.28 Therefore, little is temically conducted a rigorous assessment of known about the food environment within the food environment in AI settings, despite AI settings, especially for AIs living off reser- increased burdens of diet-related chronic vations and/or not members of federally rec- diseases and studies calling for increased ognized tribes. attention to context within AI settings.3,23 Re- Addressing these research gaps requires search is limited to 3 federally recognized employing more culturally and tribally spe- tribes in Arizona and New Mexico, which cific strategies and exploring the role of mixed Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. 204 FAMILY &COMMUNITY HEALTH/JULY–SEPTEMBER 2011 method qualitative approaches.23 These rec- concentration of AIs east of the Mississippi ommendations came from the school-based AI river.29,30 In fact, more than 122 425 Ameri- obesity prevention program known as Path- can Indian/Alaskan Native individuals live in ways. After 9 years, the Pathways program North Carolina.31 American Indians live in reported positive changes in diet but found each of the state’s counties and three-fourths little impact on obesity. The Pathways investi- of North Carolina’s American Indian popula- gators noted great variability among the 7 par- tion is concentrated in 12 counties.29,30 Eight ticipating tribes’ access to resources, social state-recognized tribes and 4 urban organiza- norms, and rules about food and consump- tions live in North Carolina. The federal gov- tion within the household. Because of the ernment fully recognizes one of these 8 tribes variability of each participating tribes’ circum- and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • AMERICAN JOURNAL of Preventive Medicine
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF Preventive Medicine A forum for the communication of information, knowledge, and wisdom in prevention science, education, practice, and policy. Editors Editor-in-Chief: Kevin Patrick, MD, MS, La Jolla Deputy Editor: Jill Waalen, MD, MPH, La Jolla Statistics Editor: Gregory J. Norman, PhD, La Jolla Managing Editor: Charlotte S. Seidman, FNP, MHS, MPH, ELS, La Jolla Associate Managing Editor: Beverly A. Lytton, BA, La Jolla Associate Editors Science: Steven H. Woolf, MD, MPH, Fairfax Education: Robert B. Wallace, MD, Iowa City Practice: Beverly B. Green, MD, MPH, Seattle International: Adrian Bauman, MB, BS, MPH, PhD, Sydney Policy: C. Tracy Orleans, PhD, Princeton Editorial Board Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Minneapolis Gina Schellenbaum Lovasi, New York Thomas Baranowski, Houston Stephen A. Matthews, University Park Ross C. Brownson, St Louis J. Michael McGinnis, Washington DC Douglas Campos-Outcalt, Phoenix Angela D. Mickalide, Washington DC Frank J. Chaloupka, Chicago Walter A. Orenstein, Atlanta Vilma E. Cokkinides, Atlanta Michael D. Parkinson, Alexandria Susan J. Curry, Iowa City Deborah N. Pearlman, Providence Larry L. Dickey, Sacramento/San Francisco Diana B. Petitti, Phoenix William H. Dietz, Atlanta Kathryn A. Phillips, San Francisco John P. Elder, San Diego Barbara K. Rimer, Chapel Hill Jonathan E. Fielding, Los Angeles Thomas N. Robinson, Stanford Eric A. Finkelstein, Singapore Carol W. Runyan, Chapel Hill Lawrence D. Frank, Vancouver James F. Sallis, San Diego Howard Frumkin, Seattle Rob W. Sanson-Fisher, Newcastle, NSW Russell E. Glasgow, Bethesda Leif I. Solberg, Minneapolis Lawrence W. Green, San Francisco Kurt C. Stange, Cleveland Jeffrey R. Harris, Seattle Victor J. Strecher, Ann Arbor Ralph W.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeastern Regional Vision for Reference Materials
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 366 490 RC 019 492 TITLE Directory of Native Education Resources in the Southeast Region. INSTITUTION Native Education Initiative of the Regional Educational Labs.; Southeastern Regional Vision for Education (SERVE), Tallahassee, FL. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 37p. PUB TYPE Reference Materials Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Advisory Committees; Advocacy; *American Indian Education; Boards of Education; Cultural Centers; Early Childhood Education; Educational Resources; Elementary Secondary Education; Federal Programs; Higher Education; Job Training; *Organizations (Groups); *Resource Centers; Schooi Districts; *State Agencies; *Tribes IDENTIFIERS *Native Americans; *United States (Southeast) ABSTRACT This directory lists approximately 100 tribes, agencies, organizations, and institutions concerned withAmerican Indian education in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina. While the organizationslisted here reflect the Southeastern Regional Vision for Education(SERVE) region, inclusion does not imply endorsement by SERVE. Entries are categorized as national or by state, and include national and regional associations, organizations, clearinghouses, and centers; state-government and private agencies and organizations; federally recognized tribes; tribes not federally recognized; schooldistricts and boards of education; American Indian centers; andpostsecondary institutions
    [Show full text]
  • History of Virginia
    14 Facts & Photos Profiles of Virginia History of Virginia For thousands of years before the arrival of the English, vari- other native peoples to form the powerful confederacy that con- ous societies of indigenous peoples inhabited the portion of the trolled the area that is now West Virginia until the Shawnee New World later designated by the English as “Virginia.” Ar- Wars (1811-1813). By only 1646, very few Powhatans re- chaeological and historical research by anthropologist Helen C. mained and were policed harshly by the English, no longer Rountree and others has established 3,000 years of settlement even allowed to choose their own leaders. They were organized in much of the Tidewater. Even so, a historical marker dedi- into the Pamunkey and Mattaponi tribes. They eventually cated in 2015 states that recent archaeological work at dissolved altogether and merged into Colonial society. Pocahontas Island has revealed prehistoric habitation dating to about 6500 BCE. The Piscataway were pushed north on the Potomac River early in their history, coming to be cut off from the rest of their peo- Native Americans ple. While some stayed, others chose to migrate west. Their movements are generally unrecorded in the historical record, As of the 16th Century, what is now the state of Virginia was but they reappear at Fort Detroit in modern-day Michigan by occupied by three main culture groups: the Iroquoian, the East- the end of the 18th century. These Piscataways are said to have ern Siouan and the Algonquian. The tip of the Delmarva Penin- moved to Canada and probably merged with the Mississaugas, sula south of the Indian River was controlled by the who had broken away from the Anishinaabeg and migrated Algonquian Nanticoke.
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina North
    COHARIE INTRA-TRIBAL COUNCIL, INC. NORTHCAROLINA Project Title: Coharie Health Access, Improvement, and Awareness Project Award Amount: $264,863 Type of Grant: Social and Economic Development Strategies Project Period: Sept. 2008 – Sept. 2010 Grantee Type: Tribal Nonprofit PROJECT SNAPSHOT and health problems on behalf of tribal members. • 3 jobs created Major barriers to health care for tribal • 25 elders involved members include an inability to pay for • 30 youth involved health services, apprehension toward Western medicines due to lack of cultural • $63,059 in resources leveraged sensitivity in service delivery, unavailable • 32 individuals trained prevention programs, and insufficient access • 10 partnerships formed to care in rural areas. As a result of these barriers, the Coharie Tribe has a BACKGROUND disproportionately high percentage of The Coharie Indian Tribe consists of 2,791 members suffering from diabetes, obesity, enrolled members and was recognized by high cholesterol, and a number of other the State of North Carolina in 1971. maladies and disabilities. Approximately 80 percent of its members PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES reside in the tribe’s service area, Harnett and Sampson counties, which consistently rank The purpose of this project was to increase below state levels along numerous critical access to health care and to enhance health indicators. Although recognized by awareness and knowledge of health care the state, the tribe is not federally issues and resources among members of the recognized, so its members do not receive tribe. The project’s single objective was health care from the Indian Health Service. comprised of three core components to be completed over a two-year duration.
    [Show full text]
  • PA41F-1168 Poster
    Data Analytics for Environmental Justice and Indigenous Rights Early Warning Systems or Blind Spots? Ryan E. Emanuel1, Louie Rivers1, Bethany C. Cutts2, Gary B. Blank1 1Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University 2Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, North Carolina State University Overview Case Study In the United States, federal policies exist to ensure fair treatment and meaningful The Atlantic Coast Pipeline is a proposed shale involvement of all people in environmental decision-making processes. Other policies gas project extending from the Appalachian exist to ensure that Indigenous groups are engaged meaningfully and respectfully in Mountains to the coastal Plain of Virginia and North Carolina. The route crosses territories of decisions that affect their traditional and present-day territories. Strong data analyses four tribal nations recognized by the state of can support these policies, but weak analyses can work against policy goals and North Carolina. Approximately 30,000 tribal reinforce marginalization of Indigenous peoples and marginalized groups in general. citizens live along the route at a concentration 1.6 times higher than in the surrounding area. We studied a data analysis used by federal energy regulators to identify the presence Most belong to non-federally recognized tribes, who lack statutory protections regarding tribal of vulnerable populations along proposed fossil fuel pipeline routes. We found that consultation. A federal environmental impact the tool lacked the ability to detect disproportionately large minority populations, and statement (EIS) concluded that minority we use a mathematical model to explain in detail how it fails. We discuss implications populations would not be disproportionately for American Indian tribes in the United States and offer recommendations for impacted by the project.
    [Show full text]
  • Commission of Indian Affairs Quarterly Commission Meeting NC Association of Educations Inc 700 South Salisbury Street Raleigh, North Carolina June 4, 2010
    1 Commission of Indian Affairs Quarterly Commission Meeting NC Association of Educations Inc 700 South Salisbury Street Raleigh, North Carolina June 4, 2010 Adopted 9-10-10 Chairman Brooks called the meeting to order at 10:20 a.m. with a quorum present. Commissioner Furnie Lambert led the Pledge of Allegiance and Commissioner Don Carter offered the opening prayer. MEMBERS Coharie Isabell Freeman Elliott, Present Coharie Don Carter, Present Cumberland County Association for Indian People Roy Maynor, Absent Cumberland County Association for Indian People Barbara Melvin, Present Eastern Band of Cherokee Patrick Lambert, Absent Guilford Native American Association Ruth Revels, Absent Guilford Native American Association Julia Phipps, Absent Haliwa Saponi Ruth Ealing, Absent Haliwa Saponi Barry Richardson, Absent Lumbee Larece Hunt, Present Lumbee Furnie Lambert, Present Lumbee Donald Jones, Present Metrolina Native American Association Earlene Stacks, Present Metrolina Native American Association Barbara Locklear, Present Occaneechi Band of Saponi Nation Sharn Jeffries, Present Sappony Shelia Wilson, Absent Triangle Native American Society Brett Locklear, Present Waccamaw Siouan Lila Spaulding, Present Waccamaw Siouan Elton Jacobs, Present President Pro Tem Appointee Paul Brooks, Present Speaker of the House Appointee Ray Littleturtle, Absent STATE OFFICIALS PRESENT Department of Health and Human Services, Lanier Cansler, Secretary Designee: Maria Spaulding Department of Labor, Cherie Berry, Commissioner Designee: Tiffany Lathan Employment
    [Show full text]
  • 8 Tribes, 1 State: Native Americans in North Carolina
    8 Tribes, 1 State: North Carolina’s Native Peoples As of 2014, North Carolina has 8 state and federally recognized Native American tribes. In this lesson, students will study various Native American tribes through a variety of activities, from a PowerPoint led discussion, to a study of Native American art. The lesson culminates with students putting on a Native American Art Show about the 8 recognized tribes. Grade 8 Materials “8 Tribes, 1 State: Native Americans in North Carolina” PowerPoint, available here: o http://civics.sites.unc.edu/files/2014/06/NCNativeAmericans1.pdf o To view this PDF as a projectable presentation, save the file, click “View” in the top menu bar of the file, and select “Full Screen Mode”; upon completion of presentation, hit ESC on your keyboard to exit the file o To request an editable PPT version of this presentation, send a request to [email protected] “Native American Art Handouts #1 – 7”, attached North Carolina Native American Tribe handouts, attached o Lumbee o Eastern Band of Cherokee o Coharie o Haliwa-­­‑ Saponi o Meherrin o Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation o Sappony o Waccamaw Siouan “Create a Native American Art Exhibition” handout, attached “Native Americans in North Carolina Fact Sheet”, attached Brown paper or brown shopping bags (for the culminating project) Graph paper (for the culminating project) Art supplies (markers, colored pencils, crayons, etc. Essential Questions: What was life like for Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans? What happened to most Native American tribes after European arrival? What hardships have Native Americans faced throughout their history? How many state and federally recognized tribes are in North Carolina today? Duration 90 – 120 minutes Teacher Preparation A note about terminology: For this lesson, the descriptions Native American and American Indian are 1 used interchangeably when referring to more than one specific tribe.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Tribes Included in Cost Areas
    Table of Tribes Included in Cost Areas Eastern Woodlands Cost Area State Tribes Alabama State Alabama N/A Mowa Band of Alabama Mowa Band of Choctaw Choctaw Poarch Band of Creek Alabama Poarch Band of Creek Indians of AL Mashantucket W. Connecticut Mashantucket Pequoit Tribe of CT Pequot Mohegan of CT Connecticut Mohegan Indian Tribe of CT Paucatuck E. Pequot Connecticut Paucatuck Eastern Pequoit Tribe Schaghticoke Connecticut Schaghticoke Indian Tribe of CT Eastern Muskogee Florida N/A Seminole (Tampa) Florida Seminole Tribe of FL Seminole (Big Florida Seminole Tribe of FL Cyprus) Seminole (Brighton) Florida Seminole Tribe of FL Lower Muskogee Georgia N/A Pokagon Potawatomi Indiana Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians Sac & Fox Iowa Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississii in Iowa Aroostook Band of Maine Arrostook Band of Indians Micmac MicMac Houlton Maliseet Maine Holuton Band of Maliseet Indians Indian Township Maine Passamaquoddy-Indian Township Reservation Penobscot Maine Penobscot Tribe of ME Pleasant Point Maine Passamaqupddy-Pleasant Point Reservation Mashpee Wampanoag Massachusetts N/A Nipmuc Massachusetts N/A Wampanoag (Gay Massachusetts Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnqh) of MA Head) Bay Mills Michigan Bay Mills of the Sault Ste. Marie Band of Chippewa Grand Traverse Michigan Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Hannahville Michigan Hannahville Community of Michigan Potawatomi Huron Potawatomi Michigan Nottawseppi Huron Potawatomi Keweenaw Bay Michigan Keweenaw Bay Community of Chippewa Lac Vieux Desert Michigan Lav Vieux Desert Band of Chippewa Little River Michigan Little River Band of Ottawa Indians Little Traverse Michigan Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Manistique Michigan Sault Ste Marie Chippewa Tribe of MI Page 1 Table of Tribes Included in Cost Areas Eastern Woodlands Cost Area State Tribes Pokagon Potawatomi Michigan Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians of MI Saginaw Chippewa Michigan Saginaw Chippewa Tribe of MI Sault Ste.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Pathways to Health Community Report
    Native Pathways to Health Community Report November 2020 I. NPTH Purpose, Methods overview The Native Pathways to Health (NPTH) project builds upon existing community- academic partnerships with NC’s AI communities and the University of NC American Indian Center, and seeks to leverage community’s unique strengths to better understand and address tribal health priorities. The tribal communities that partnered (9) in the Native Pathways to Health Project included: Coharie Tribe, Haliwa-Saponi Tribe, Lumbee Tribe of NC, Meherrin Tribe, Metrolina Native American Society, Occaneechi Band of Saponi Nation, Triangle Native American Society, Sappony Tribe, and Waccamaw-Siouan Tribe. In Year 1, the NPTH research team, which includes well-respected members of NC’s AI tribes, partnered with adults and youth from NC tribes and urban Indian organizations to form a Tribal Health Ambassador Program. Tribal Health Ambassadors (THAs) collaborated with the research team to assess health in their communities: Adult THAs led talking circles (a sacred approach for engaging in discussion). Talking Circles are a traditional way for AI people to solve problems by effectively removing barriers which allows them to express themselves with complete freedom in a sacred space. Normally the circle is blessed by an Elder. Important to remember what is said in the circle stays within the circle but an exception will be made for this project so we can help tell the stories of the needs within the communities and also use this data to create a health assessment tailored to each tribal community. Youth THAs designed projects following a Youth Participatory Action Research approach.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Time Summer08.Indd
    SSummerummer 20082008 FROM THE DESK OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR The U.S. Census Bureau recently held its fi rst meeting in North Carolina to talk directly with our tribal leaders. Tribal representatives from each of our state’s recognized tribes and organizations participated in the July 10 meeting of the U.S. Census Bureau, which was held at the North Raleigh Hilton. The purpose of the meeting, which the Commission of Indian Affairs helped to staff, was to ensure that North Carolina’s American Indian population is accurately counted during the 2010 Census. It represented a truly important occasion as it is critical for our community to be accurately counted. If we get a low count, funding levels could go down for the next 10 years. The working meeting included participation from the Atlanta, Charlotte and Dallas Census Bureau regional offi ces, as well as headquarters representatives. Key topics of Greg Richardson discussion included building partnerships, classifying and tabulating responses to the Commission of Indian Affairs 2010 Census, geography programs, and communications outreach to American Indian and Executive Director Alaska Native communities (AIAN). “The Census Bureau is committed to working together with state-recognized tribes and AIAN organizations,” said Steve Murdock, Census Bureau director. “By working with the American Indian and Alaska Native population in North Carolina, we are confi dent that our partnership efforts will result in a successful and accurate count in 2010.” The Census Bureau will also hold workings meetings for state-recognized tribes at the Oneida Reservation in Green Bay, Wisc., and a tribal facility in Albuquerque, N.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Funding for Non-Federally Recognized Tribes
    United States Government Accountability Office Report to the Honorable Dan Boren, GAO House of Representatives April 2012 INDIAN ISSUES Federal Funding for Non-Federally Recognized Tribes GAO-12-348 April 2012 INDIAN ISSUES Federal Funding for Non-Federally Recognized Tribes Highlights of GAO-12-348, a report to the Honorable Dan Boren, House of Representatives Why GAO Did This Study What GAO Found As of January 3, 2012, the United Of the approximately 400 non-federally recognized tribes that GAO identified, States recognized 566 Indian tribes. 26 received funding from 24 federal programs during fiscal years 2007 through Federal recognition confers specific 2010. Most of the 26 non-federally recognized tribes were eligible to receive this legal status on tribes and imposes funding either because of their status as nonprofit organizations or state- certain responsibilities on the federal recognized tribes. Similarly, most of the 24 federal programs that awarded government, such as an obligation to funding to non-federally recognized tribes during the 4-year period were provide certain benefits to tribes and authorized to fund nonprofit organizations or state-recognized tribes. In addition, their members. Some tribes are not some of these programs were authorized to fund other entities, such as tribal federally recognized but have qualified communities or community development financial institutions. for and received federal funding. Some of these non-federally recognized For fiscal years 2007 through 2010, 24 federal programs awarded more than tribes are state recognized and may be $100 million to the 26 non-federally recognized tribes. Most of the funding was located on state reservations.
    [Show full text]
  • Native American Legends & Folklore
    t:p North Carolina ~ Native American Legends & Folklore The First Americans! _ A North Carolina Native American I Legends & Folklore I The First Americans! ·"The greatest strength is gentleness." -American Indian Proverb ~L::cz::r:: .--. z~crii::­ "Each bird loves to hear himself sing. " -American Indian Proverb ....~ .... ~ .. ~ ~~.~-·~~~~~·~~~~~,~--... "We must protect the forests for our children, grandchildren and children yet to be born. We must protect the forests for those who can not speak for themselves such as the birds, animals, fish and trees. " American Indian Proverb Allosaurus Publishers The Editor wishes to thank all the contributors for their editorial assistance. Erica Barsi, Meg/zan Blume, Luke Butchart, Cindy Jones, Jessica Sells, Bethany Smith, Richard Smith, & Karen Wltite Phyllis Barkas Goldman, Founding Editor • The editor wishes to thank Karen White for Iter editorial assistance and Jessica Sells for Iter dedication and Izard work during the course of this publication. Created, Designed, and Printed by the North Carolina Learning Institute for Fitness & Education, Inc. ----~ ~---- Copyright,© 2007 by The North Carolina Institute For Fitness & Education, Inc. 3711 Brassfield Oaks Dr. Greensboro, NC 27410 All rights reserved. This book or any parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. ISBN#978-1-888325-49-2 Please visit our web page http://www.allosauruspnblishers.com [email protected] Allosaurus Publishers is a division ofthe North Carolina Learning Institute for Fitness & Education, Inc. Ninth reprint 2012 • Any teacher who would like to make copies ofthis book may do so for classroom use only. This book may not be reproduced for use outside the classroom unless written permission is given by Allosaurus Publishers.
    [Show full text]