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AMERICAN JOURNAL of Preventive Medicine AMERICAN JOURNAL OF Preventive Medicine A forum for the communication of information, knowledge, and wisdom in prevention science, education, practice, and policy. Editors Editor-in-Chief: Kevin Patrick, MD, MS, La Jolla Deputy Editor: Jill Waalen, MD, MPH, La Jolla Statistics Editor: Gregory J. Norman, PhD, La Jolla Managing Editor: Charlotte S. Seidman, FNP, MHS, MPH, ELS, La Jolla Associate Managing Editor: Beverly A. Lytton, BA, La Jolla Associate Editors Science: Steven H. Woolf, MD, MPH, Fairfax Education: Robert B. Wallace, MD, Iowa City Practice: Beverly B. Green, MD, MPH, Seattle International: Adrian Bauman, MB, BS, MPH, PhD, Sydney Policy: C. Tracy Orleans, PhD, Princeton Editorial Board Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Minneapolis Gina Schellenbaum Lovasi, New York Thomas Baranowski, Houston Stephen A. Matthews, University Park Ross C. Brownson, St Louis J. Michael McGinnis, Washington DC Douglas Campos-Outcalt, Phoenix Angela D. Mickalide, Washington DC Frank J. Chaloupka, Chicago Walter A. Orenstein, Atlanta Vilma E. Cokkinides, Atlanta Michael D. Parkinson, Alexandria Susan J. Curry, Iowa City Deborah N. Pearlman, Providence Larry L. Dickey, Sacramento/San Francisco Diana B. Petitti, Phoenix William H. Dietz, Atlanta Kathryn A. Phillips, San Francisco John P. Elder, San Diego Barbara K. Rimer, Chapel Hill Jonathan E. Fielding, Los Angeles Thomas N. Robinson, Stanford Eric A. Finkelstein, Singapore Carol W. Runyan, Chapel Hill Lawrence D. Frank, Vancouver James F. Sallis, San Diego Howard Frumkin, Seattle Rob W. Sanson-Fisher, Newcastle, NSW Russell E. Glasgow, Bethesda Leif I. Solberg, Minneapolis Lawrence W. Green, San Francisco Kurt C. Stange, Cleveland Jeffrey R. Harris, Seattle Victor J. Strecher, Ann Arbor Ralph W. Hingson, Bethesda Stephen Hunt Taplin, Bethesda Thomas P. Houston, Columbus Steven M. Teutsch, Los Angeles Robert W. Jeffery, Minneapolis Evelyn P. Whitlock, Portland Neal D. Kohatsu, Sacramento Walter Willett, Boston Thomas E. Kottke, St Paul Antronette (Toni) Yancey, Los Angeles Fuzhong Li, Eugene Richard K. Zimmerman, Pittsburgh A Journal of the Published by Elsevier Inc ASSOCIATION FOR PREVENTION TEACHING AND RESEARCH www.ajpmonline.org Advertisements that appear in AJPM must be approved by the Editorial Offıce prior to publication. However, publication of an advertisement does not imply that the editors of AJPM nor AJPM’s sponsoring organizations, ACPM and APTR, endorse the advertised products or services. Governing Board Editorial correspondence should be Sponsoring Organizations’ Offıces: directed to: Stephen A. McCurdy, MD, MPH American Journal American College Chair of Preventive Medicine of Preventive Medicine Davis, California University of California, San Diego Michael A. Barry, CAE 9500 Gilman Drive, DEPT 0811 Executive Director Daniel S. Blumenthal, MD, MPH La Jolla CA 92093-0811 Atlanta, Georgia 455 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Tel (858) 534-9340 Suite 200 Michael T. Compton, MD, MPH Fax (858) 534-9344 Washington DC 20001 Washington DC E-mail for AJPM business: [email protected] Tel (202) 466-2044 Edward F. Ellerbeck, MD, MPH Kansas City, Kansas E-mail for blog site: Fax (202) 466-2662 [email protected] www.acpm.org Halley S. Faust, MD, MPH, MA E-mail for manuscript queries: Santa Fe, New Mexico [email protected] Association for Prevention E-mail for press queries: Teaching and Research Sharon K. Hull, MD, MPH Akron, Ohio [email protected] Allison L. Lewis AJPM Online: Executive Director Neal D. Kohatsu, MD, MPH www.ajpmonline.org 1001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Sacramento, California AJPM blog site: Suite 610 ajpmonline.wordpress.com Washington DC 20036 Lloyd Novick, MD, MPH Greenville, North Carolina Fed Ex Address: Calit2/Atkinson Hall, Room 3322 Tel (202) 463-0550 Randall S. Stafford, MD, PhD University of California, San Diego Fax (202) 463-0555 Stanford, California La Jolla CA 92093-0811 www.aptrweb.org Author’s Instructions on AJPM’s Website Complete author’s instructions and guidelines for submitting manuscripts to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine can be found on the AJPM Online Website: www.ajpmonline.org. The Journal welcomes brief reports (max. 1200 words); research articles (3000 words); RCTs/community-based trials (4000 words); and review articles (4000 words) on all aspects of practice, education, policy, and research in preventive medicine and public health. For Advertising Orders & Inquires: North & (ϩ81) (3) 5561 5047; E-mail: jp.info@elsevier. Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers South America: John Marmero, Elsevier Inc., com Asia Pacifıc (excluding Japan): Elsevier, MA 01923. Fax: 508-750-4744. Reprints of individual 360 Park Avenue South, New York NY 10010- Customer Service Department, 3 Killiney Road, articles are available only from the authors. 1710; Tel (212) 633-3657; Email: j.marmero@ #08-01 Winsland House I, Singapore 239519; elsevier.com International: Advertising Depart- phone: (ϩ65) 63490222; fax: (ϩ65) 67331510; All inquiries regarding copyright material from this ment, Elsevier Inc., The Boulevard, Langford E-mail: [email protected] Brazil: Elsevier publication, other than reproduction through the Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Inc., Rua Sete de Setembro 111/16 Andar, 20050- Copyright Clearance Center, should be directed to ϩ Kingdom; Tel (ϩ44) (0) 1865 843565; Fax (44) (0) 002 Centro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil (Tel: ( 55) Elsevier Science Ltd., P.O. Box 800, Oxford OX5 ϩ 1865 843976; E-mail: [email protected] Japan: (21) 509 5340. Fax: ( 55) (21) 507 1991. E-mail: 1DX, U.K. Phone: 44-1865 843830; Fax: 44-1865 Advertising Department, Elsevier Science Japan; [email protected]). Rest of the World: Am- 853333; E-mail: [email protected] Tel (81) (3) 5561 5033; Fax (81) (3) 5561 5047. sterdam: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, PO Box 211, 1001 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; The American Journal of Preventive Medicine is ϩ ϩ phone: ( 31) (20) 4853757; fax: ( 31) (20) indexed and abstracted in Index Medicus/MED- Personal rates apply only when issues of the jour- 4853432; E-mail: [email protected] LINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, MEDLARS, Psy- nal are sent to a private address and payment is chological Abstracts, PsycINFO, Sociological Ab- made by personal check or credit card. Any en- Requests for Permissions, Reprints, and Photo- stracts, the Health Promotion and Education and the quiry relating to subscriptions should be sent to: copies. All rights are reserved, no part of this Cancer Prevention and Control Databases of CHID The Americas: Elsevier Health Sciences Division, publication may be reproduced, stored in a re- on BRS, the Smoking and Health Database on DIA- Subscription Customer Service, 3251 Riverport Lane, trieval system, or transmitted in any form or by LOG, and Science Citation Index, Research Alert, and ϩ Maryland Heights MO 63043, USA; phone: ( 1) any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy- Current Contents. (800) 6542452 [toll free number for US customers], or ing, recording, or otherwise without either the prior ϩ ϩ ( 1) (314) 4478871 [customers outside US]; fax: ( 1) written permission of the publisher (Elsevier Inc., The journal is printed on acid-free paper that (314) 4478029; E-mail: JournalsCustomerService- 360 Park Avenue South, New York NY 10010- meets the minimum requirements of ANSI [email protected] Japan: Elsevier, Customer Ser- 1710) or a license permitting restricted copying Standard Z39.48-1984 (Permanence of Paper), begin- vice Department, 4F Higashi-Azabu, 1-Chome issued in the UK by the Copyright Licensing ning with volume 1, number 1. Bldg, 1-9-15 Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo Agency Ltd., 90 Tottenham Court Road, Lon- 106-0044, Japan; phone: (ϩ81) (3) 5561 5037; fax: don, WIP 9HE, or in the USA by the Copyright © 2012 American Journal of Preventive Medicine Creating Supportive Nutrition Environments for Population Health Impact and Health Equity An Overview of the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network’s Efforts Heidi M. Blanck, PhD, Sonia A. Kim, PhD Abstract: Childhood obesity is a major threat to individual health and society overall. Policies that support healthier food and beverage choices have been endorsed by many decision makers. These policies may reach a large proportion of the population or in some circumstances aim to reduce nutrition disparities to ensure health equity. The Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evalu- ation Network (NOPREN) evaluates policy as a tool to improve food and beverage environments where Americans live, work, play, and learn. The network aspires to address research and evaluation gaps related to relevant policies, create standardized research tools, and help build the evidence base of effective policy solutions for childhood obesity prevention with a focus on reach, equity, cost effectiveness, and sustainability. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(3S2):S85–S90) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine Background NOPREN is depicted visually in Figure 1. This frame- work has been informed by a number of models including n 2009, the CDC’s Division of Nutrition, Physical Ac- classical approaches such as Kingdon’s theory for evalu- tivity and Obesity (DNPAO) created the thematic Pre- vention Research Center (PRC) network called the Nu- ation of policy and those more recently used in physical I activity policy research.1,2 Additional NOPREN activities trition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network (NOPREN). The mission of the network is to de- include the dissemination and translation
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