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New Species of Calamoecia and Boeckella (Freshwater Copepoda: Calanoida) from Western Australia and Queensland

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New Species of Calamoecia and Boeckella (Freshwater Copepoda: Calanoida) from Western Australia and Queensland Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 81:177-182, 1998 New species of Calamoecia and Boeckella (freshwater Copepoda: Calanoida) from Western Australia and Queensland I A E Bayly Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University Clayton, Vic 3168 Manuscript received September 1997; accepted March 1998 Abstract A small calanoid copepod, Calamoecia halsei sp nov, is described from shallow, turbid waters in claypans of the Carnarvon region of Western Australia. The genus Calamoecia Brady, which is endemic to the Australasian region, now contains 15 species. A larger calanoid copepod, Boeckella timmsi sp nov, is described from a shallow turbid claypan in Currawinya National Park located in Queensland just north of the border with New South Wales. The genus Boeckella de Guerne and Richard (which also occurs on sub-Antarctic islands, Antarctica and South America) now contains 21 Australasian species. Introduction contrast illumination) and drawn using a Wild M20 microscope fitted with a Treffenberg drawing tube. The Most calanoid copepods occurring in Australian system of abbreviations given in full by Bayly (1992a,b) inland waters are in the genera Calamoecia and Boeckella. was used in the description of the first and fifth legs. As a generalization, the smaller calanoids (body length less than ca 1.4 mm, but C. attenuata is longer) belong to Calamoecia while the larger ones (female body length range ca 1.4 – 4.5 mm, but some including B. minuta are Taxonomy shorter) belong to Boeckella. Eight species belonging to Family Centropagidae Giesbrecht those genera were described in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century by the Norwegian Genus Calamoecia Brady carcinologist G O Sars, in some cases after rearing them in Oslo from resting eggs contained in parcels of dried Calamoecia halsei sp nov mud consigned from Australia. The latter were part of an (Fig 1A–G) historic series of hatching experiments which resulted in the description of a significant portion of the freshwater Specimens examined lower crustacean fauna (Branchiopoda, Cladocera, WESTERN AUSTRALIA (Carnarvon region): Chagra Ostracoda and Copepoda) of Australia. Boeckella minuta Well claypan, Jimba Jimba Station, 25° 11.78' S, 114° 57.04' was described in this manner in 1896 (Sars 1896). E, 22.viii.1994, 10 female (mean length prosome 0.94 mm, Calamoecia was revised by Bayly (1961, 1962a) who mean length to end of caudal rami 1.35 mm), 10 male recognised 12 species, to which were added C. elongata (mean lengths 0.73 mm, 1.04 mm); un-named claypan, (Bayly 1979) and C. zeidleri (Bayly 1984). Boeckella was Jimba Jimba Station, 25° 04.29' S, 115° 03.50' E, revised by Bayly (1964) with the recognition of 17 22.viii.1994, 10 female (mean lengths 0.97 mm, 1.37 mm), Australasian species, to which were added B. bispinosa 10 male (mean lengths 0.76 mm, 1.08 mm); un-named (Bayly 1967), a New Zealand endemic B. tanea (Chapman canegrass pan, Wooramel Station, 25° 40.87' S, 114° 13.23' E, 1973), and B. shieli (Bayly 1985). A comprehensive key to 24.viii.1994, 2 female (mean length prosome 0.92 mm), 4 these two genera was published by Bayly (1992a). Now, male (mean lengths 0.73 mm, 0.99 mm); un-named after more than a decade without addition to either claypan, Coolcalalaya Station, 27° 31.49' S, 115° 05.24' E, genus, a new species of both has come to hand at 30.viii.1994, 7 female (mean length prosome 0.89 mm), 2 practically the same time in 1997 and the two are male (mean lengths 0.71 mm, 0.95 mm); ephermeral described below. marsh, Brickhouse Station, 24° 57.85' S, 113° 42.27' E, 25.viii.1994, 1 male. All specimens collected by S A Halse. Methods Type material: Holotype male, allotype female, paratypes 30 male, 30 female. Holotype and allotype Specimens were measured under a Wild M7 stereo- mounted on microslides, paratypes unmounted in vial. microscope fitted with an eyepiece micrometer and Western Australian Museum Crustacean Department dissected with tungsten needles in PVA-lactophenol registration numbers WAM 639–97 to 641–97. Type mountant on a microslide under the same microscope. locality: Chagra Well claypan, 25° 11.78' S, 114° 57.04' E. Appendages were examined (with bright field and phase- Description of male Size: Length of prosome 0.68 – 0.81 mm, length to end of © Royal Society of Western Australia 1998 caudal rami 0.90 – 1.13 mm. 177 Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 81(4), December 1998 A B C 0.1 mm D E F G 0.1 mm Figure 1. Calamoecia halsei sp nov; A, leg of first pair (drawn from male but identical in female except for larger size) [see text regarding arrows]; B & C, posterior and anterior aspects, respectively, of male fifth legs [arrows point to a unique, diagnostic feature]; D, leg of female fifth pair, showing whole of exopodite; E, as for D but showing whole of endopodite [arrows in D and E point to unusually long process from middle exopodite segments]; F, ventral aspect of female genital segment [arrow points to distinctive ridge and furrow on right side]; G, left lateral aspect of female genital segment (position of ridge and furrow located mid-laterally on right side shown by dotted crescent). 178 I A E Bayly: New species of Calamoecia and Boeckella copepods First legs (Fig 1A): Outer edge spines on Re1 and Re3 a) the right Re claw is without an inner spine (see arrows Fig 1A) unusual within freshwater b) the right Ri is 2-segmented with Ri2 exceeding Ri1 Centropagidae in having abnormally large secondary in length by at least three times spinules. [These elaborate outer spines not occurring on exopods of legs 2–4]. c) the left Ri is 1-segmented, very elongated, considerably exceeds the left Re in length, and Fifth legs (Fig 1B,C): Right Re claw bent through almost bears five spines of which four are terminal and a right angle, lacking an inner spine. Right Ri 2- one sub-terminal on the outside. segmented with Ri2 four times as long as Ri1; Ri2 with upraised subrectangular thickening near proximal outer Although I have drawn attention to the unusually corner on anterior face (unique feature – see arrow Fig elaborate spines on the outer edge of the exopods of the 1B,C) and typically with two spines at extremity – a large first pair of legs (Fig 1A) of C. halsei, it should be noted outer curved hook or claw and a smaller inner straight or that these appendages have not been described for all slightly curved spine [extremity sometimes (observed species of Calamoecia. However, it can be said one specimen in 15 examined) with third small, straight confidently that they do not occur in all species; they inner spine]. Left Re 2-segmented; Re2 spatulate or are absent, for example, in C. lucasi, the type species of spoon-shaped (often bent out of alignment shown in Fig the genus (New Zealand material of this species 1B,C because of fragile nature) with smoothly rounded examined for this feature by the author in July 1997), C. extremity marked with minute pits or dots, and with seta australica (Sars 1908, Plate ii, Fig 13) and C. tasmanica inserted little short of half-way along outer edge. Left Ri [see drawing by Sars (1912, Plate vii, Fig 9) of Brunella 1-segmented, very elongated and exceeding left Re in longicornis, which is a junior synonym of C. tasmanica]. length, typically armed with five spines of which four The latter drawing of Sars also shows no outer spine on are terminal (second from inside shortest with remainder Re1 (formula for outer exopod spines 0.0.2) whereas this sub-equal) and one sub-terminal on outer edge [sixth spine is present in most species of Calamoecia spine sometimes (observed one specimen in 15 (corresponding formula 1.0.2; Fig 1A). examined) present on inner edge, short distance from Most of the material examined here came from very extremity]. shallow, highly turbid (turbidity 10,000–36,000 NTU) pans that contained decidedly fresh water (TDS 190–550 Description of female -1 -1 mg L , K25 140–920 µS cm ). The ephemeral marsh was a Size: Length of prosome 0.81 – 1.00 mm, length to end of little less turbid (9,100 NTU) and slightly higher in electrolytes (K 1,110 µS cm-1) but still fresh. (Chemical caudal rami 1.13 – 1.45 mm. 25 data from S A Halse, CALM, unpublished observations.) First legs: Outer edge spines on Re1 and Re3 as described for male. Derivation of specific name: Named for Western Australian limnologist S A Halse, who collected all the Fifth legs (Fig 1D,E): Outgrowth from inner distal material of this new species and drew it to my corner of Re2 (the structural feature that is of key attention. importance in defining the family Centropagidae) long, slender and only slightly curved, extending almost to extremity of long terminal spine on Re3 (and sometimes Family Centropagidae Giesbrecht beyond). In several species of Calamoecia this outgrowth does not reach past the end of Re3 excluding its Genus Calamoecia Brady terminal spine; cf C. gibbosa where this structure is relatively massive and strongly curved (Bayly 1979, Fig Calamoecia cf lucasi Brady 3E,F). Re3 typically with 5 spines (3 subequal on inner edge, 1 long terminal and 1 short on outer edge) but (Gascoyne-Murchison form) sometimes (1 in 12 legs examined) with only 4 spines (2 only subequal ones on inner edge). Ri 1-segmented, Calamoecia lucasi Brady.
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