The Evolutionary Diversification of the Centropagidae
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National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt PROF. MOUSTAFA M. FOUDA April 2017 1 Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisie Responsible of the study: Mehdi Aissi, EcApMEDII Programme officer In charge of the study: Prof. Moustafa M. Fouda Mr. Mohamed Said Abdelwarith Mr. Mahmoud Fawzy Kamel Ministry of Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) With the participation of: Name, qualification and original institution of all the participants in the study (field mission or participation of national institutions) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 4 Preamble 5 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 40 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 49 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 59 Chapter 5: Existing Monitoring Program in Egypt 91 1. Monitoring program for habitat mapping 103 2. Marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 3. Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 4. Monitoring Program for Seabirds 118 5. Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 123 Chapter 6: Implementation / Operational Plan 131 Selected References 133 Annexes 143 3 AKNOWLEGEMENTS We would like to thank RAC/ SPA and EU for providing financial and technical assistances to prepare this monitoring programme. The preparation of this programme was the result of several contacts and interviews with many stakeholders from Government, research institutions, NGOs and fishermen. The author would like to express thanks to all for their support. In addition; we would like to acknowledge all participants who attended the workshop and represented the following institutions: 1. -
Centropages (Crustacea) Collected from Shimizu Port, Middle Japan: Introduced Or Not?
Plankton Biol. Ecol. 52 (2): 92-99, 2005 plankton biology & ecology €■ The Planklon Society of Japan 21)05 A new species of the calanoid copepod genus Centropages (Crustacea) collected from Shimizu Port, Middle Japan: Introduced or not? Susumu Ohtsuka1, Hiroshi Itoh2 & Takeshi Mizushima3 ' Takeham Marine Science Station, Setouchi Field Science Center. Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 5-8-1 Minaio-machi, Takehara 725-0024, Japan 'Suidosha Co. Ltd., 8-11-11 Ikuta, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214-0038, Japan 3 School ofMarine Science and Technology. Tokai University, 3-20-1 Orido, Shimizu-Ku, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan Received 12 March 2005; Accepted 13 May 2005 Abstract: A new species of the planktonic calanoid copepod Centropages is described from Shimizu Port, Middle Japan. The new species is assigned to the alcocki group that is distributed in the tropi cal/subtropical Indo-West Pacific regions. The sporadic occurrence of the new species alludes to the possibility that the new species was introduced to Japan via ballast water. Key words: Centropages maigo, alien species, Calanoida, ballast water, Shimizu Port coastal species are very abundant and play important roles Introduction as food for fish (Brodsky 1950, Chen & Zhang 1965). In Alien marine benthic species are an increasingly serious Japanese waters the following ten species of the genus have problem all over the world and are now being joined by hitherto been recorded: C. abdominalis Sato, 1913; C. planktonic species. On the Pacific coast of the U.S.A. and bradyi Wheeler, 1899; C. calaninus (Dana, 1849); C. elon Chile, many planktonic copepods have been introduced gates Giesbrecht, 1896; C. -
Kinematic and Dynamic Scaling of Copepod Swimming
fluids Review Kinematic and Dynamic Scaling of Copepod Swimming Leonid Svetlichny 1,* , Poul S. Larsen 2 and Thomas Kiørboe 3 1 I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Str. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine 2 DTU Mechanical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Building 403, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; [email protected] 3 Centre for Ocean Life, Danish Technical University, DTU Aqua, Building 202, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 30 March 2020; Accepted: 6 May 2020; Published: 11 May 2020 Abstract: Calanoid copepods have two swimming gaits, namely cruise swimming that is propelled by the beating of the cephalic feeding appendages and short-lasting jumps that are propelled by the power strokes of the four or five pairs of thoracal swimming legs. The latter may be 100 times faster than the former, and the required forces and power production are consequently much larger. Here, we estimated the magnitude and size scaling of swimming speed, leg beat frequency, forces, power requirements, and energetics of these two propulsion modes. We used data from the literature together with new data to estimate forces by two different approaches in 37 species of calanoid copepods: the direct measurement of forces produced by copepods attached to a tensiometer and the indirect estimation of forces from swimming speed or acceleration in combination with experimentally estimated drag coefficients. Depending on the approach, we found that the propulsive forces, both for cruise swimming and escape jumps, scaled with prosome length (L) to a power between 2 and 3. -
Arxiv:2105.11503V2 [Physics.Bio-Ph] 26 May 2021 3.1 Geometry and Swimming Speeds of the Cells
The Bank Of Swimming Organisms at the Micron Scale (BOSO-Micro) Marcos F. Velho Rodrigues1, Maciej Lisicki2, Eric Lauga1,* 1 Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom. 2 Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. *Email: [email protected] Abstract Unicellular microscopic organisms living in aqueous environments outnumber all other creatures on Earth. A large proportion of them are able to self-propel in fluids with a vast diversity of swimming gaits and motility patterns. In this paper we present a biophysical survey of the available experimental data produced to date on the characteristics of motile behaviour in unicellular microswimmers. We assemble from the available literature empirical data on the motility of four broad categories of organisms: bacteria (and archaea), flagellated eukaryotes, spermatozoa and ciliates. Whenever possible, we gather the following biological, morphological, kinematic and dynamical parameters: species, geometry and size of the organisms, swimming speeds, actuation frequencies, actuation amplitudes, number of flagella and properties of the surrounding fluid. We then organise the data using the established fluid mechanics principles for propulsion at low Reynolds number. Specifically, we use theoretical biophysical models for the locomotion of cells within the same taxonomic groups of organisms as a means of rationalising the raw material we have assembled, while demonstrating the variability for organisms of different species within the same group. The material gathered in our work is an attempt to summarise the available experimental data in the field, providing a convenient and practical reference point for future studies. Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Methods 4 2.1 Propulsion at low Reynolds number . -
MIAMI UNIVERSITY the Graduate School Certificate for Approving The
MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Sandra J. Connelly Candidate for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________________ Director Dr. Craig E. Williamson __________________________________________ Reader Dr. Maria González __________________________________________ Reader Dr. David L. Mitchell __________________________________________ Graduate School Representative Dr. A. John Bailer ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION (UVR) INDUCED DNA DAMAGE AND OTHER ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS ON CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM, GIARDIA LAMBLIA, AND DAPHNIA SPP. IN FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS Sandra J. Connelly Freshwater ecosystems are especially susceptible to climatic change, including anthropogenic-induced changes, as they are directly influenced by the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems. A major environmental factor that potentially affects every element of an ecosystem, directly or indirectly, is ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR has been shown to negatively affect the DNA of aquatic organisms by the same mechanism, formation of photoproducts (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers; CPDs), as in humans. First, the induction of CPDs by solar UVR was quantified in four aquatic and terrestrial temperate ecosystems. Data show significant variation in CPD formation not only between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems but also within a single ecosystem and between seasons. Second, there is little quantitative data on UV-induced DNA damage and the effectiveness of DNA repair mechanisms on the damage induced in freshwater invertebrates in the literature. The rate of photoproduct induction (CPDs) and DNA repair (photoenzymatic and nucleotide excision repair) in Daphnia following UVR exposures in artificial as well as two natural temperate lake systems was tested. The effect of temperature on the DNA repair rates, and ultimately the organisms’ survival, was tested under controlled laboratory conditions following artificial UVB exposure. -
Are Zooplankton Invasions in Constructed Waters Facilitated by Simple Communities?
http://waikato.researchgateway.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. ARE ZOOPLANKTON INVASIONS IN CONSTRUCTED WATERS FACILITATED BY SIMPLE COMMUNITIES? A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences at The University of Waikato by SAMANTHA MAREE PARKES 2010 Abstract The invasion of non-indigenous species is considered to be one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss globally. My research aimed to determine if constructed water bodies (e.g., water supply reservoirs, dams and ponds) were invaded by zooplankton with greater ease than natural water bodies, and whether this was due to a lower biodiversity, and therefore lower 'biotic resistance', in constructed water bodies. Sediment cores were collected from a cross-section of 46 lakes, ponds and reservoirs (23 natural and 23 constructed) throughout the North Island, New Zealand. Diapausing zooplankton eggs were separated from the sediments and hatched to assess species composition and richness. -
Copépodos (Crustacea: Hexanauplia) Continentales De Colombia: Revisión Y Adiciones Al Inventario
DOI: 10.21068/c2019.v20n01a04 Gaviria & Aranguren-Riaño Continental copepods (Crustacea: Hexanauplia) of Colombia: revision and additions to the inventory Copépodos (Crustacea: Hexanauplia) continentales de Colombia: revisión y adiciones al inventario Santiago Gaviria and Nelson Aranguren-Riaño Abstract We present the compilation of published and unpublished records of continental copepods of Colombia, as well as personal observations by the authors, yielding an additional list of 52 species and subspecies (7 calanoids, 20 cyclopoids, 25 harpacticoids). In addition to our former inventory (2007) of 69 species, the total number now reaches 121 taxa, increasing by 75 % the known number of continental copepods. Freshwater taxa increased in 15 species and subspecies. The number of brackish species (and marine species collected in brackish environments), recorded from coastal lagoons and temporal offshore ponds reached 39 species and subspecies. Thirteen taxa with locus typicus in Colombia have been described since 2007. Between 2007 and 2018, thirty-nine departmental records were made, and 43 new habitat records were reported (not including the species recorded as new for the country). Parasitic copepods of fish reached six species. However, the number of species is expected to increase with the survey of poorly studied regions like the Amazon and the Eastern Plains, and habitats like groundwater, benthos of lakes and ponds, semiterrestrial environments and additional coastal lagoons. Keywords. Biodiversity. Geographic distribution. Meiobenthos. Neotropical region. Zooplankton. Resumen Como resultado de la compilación de datos publicados y no publicados de copépodos continentales de Colombia, así como de observaciones personales de los autores, se estableció una lista adicional de 52 especies y subespecies (7 calanoideos, 20 cyclopoideos, 25 harpacticoideos). -
National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt January 2016 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 3 Preamble 4 Chapter 1: Introduction 8 Overview of Egypt Biodiversity 37 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 39 National Legislations 39 Regional and International conventions and agreements 46 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 48 Summary of Egyptian Marine Biodiversity Knowledge 48 The Current Situation in Egypt 56 Present state of Biodiversity knowledge 57 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 58 Introduction 58 Conclusions 103 Suggested Monitoring Program Suggested monitoring program for habitat mapping 104 Suggested marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 Suggested Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 Suggested Monitoring Program for Seabirds 117 Suggested Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 121 Chapter 5: Implementation / Operational Plan 128 Selected References 130 Annexes 141 2 AKNOWLEGEMENTS 3 Preamble The Ecosystem Approach (EcAp) is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way, as stated by the Convention of Biological Diversity. This process aims to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES) through the elaborated 11 Ecological Objectives and their respective common indicators. Since 2008, Contracting Parties to the Barcelona Convention have adopted the EcAp and agreed on a roadmap for its implementation. First phases of the EcAp process led to the accomplishment of 5 steps of the scheduled 7-steps process such as: 1) Definition of an Ecological Vision for the Mediterranean; 2) Setting common Mediterranean strategic goals; 3) Identification of an important ecosystem properties and assessment of ecological status and pressures; 4) Development of a set of ecological objectives corresponding to the Vision and strategic goals; and 5) Derivation of operational objectives with indicators and target levels. -
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans by Robert George Young A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robert George Young, March, 2016 ABSTRACT MOLECULAR SPECIES DELIMITATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN MARINE PLANKTONIC CRUSTACEANS Robert George Young Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Sarah Adamowicz Dr. Cathryn Abbott Zooplankton are a major component of the marine environment in both diversity and biomass and are a crucial source of nutrients for organisms at higher trophic levels. Unfortunately, marine zooplankton biodiversity is not well known because of difficult morphological identifications and lack of taxonomic experts for many groups. In addition, the large taxonomic diversity present in plankton and low sampling coverage pose challenges in obtaining a better understanding of true zooplankton diversity. Molecular identification tools, like DNA barcoding, have been successfully used to identify marine planktonic specimens to a species. However, the behaviour of methods for specimen identification and species delimitation remain untested for taxonomically diverse and widely-distributed marine zooplanktonic groups. Using Canadian marine planktonic crustacean collections, I generated a multi-gene data set including COI-5P and 18S-V4 molecular markers of morphologically-identified Copepoda and Thecostraca (Multicrustacea: Hexanauplia) species. I used this data set to assess generalities in the genetic divergence patterns and to determine if a barcode gap exists separating interspecific and intraspecific molecular divergences, which can reliably delimit specimens into species. I then used this information to evaluate the North Pacific, Arctic, and North Atlantic biogeography of marine Calanoida (Hexanauplia: Copepoda) plankton. -
Temora Baird, 1850
Temora Baird, 1850 Iole Di Capua Leaflet No. 195 I April 2021 ICES IDENTIFICATION LEAFLETS FOR PLANKTON FICHES D’IDENTIFICATION DU ZOOPLANCTON ICES INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE EXPLORATION OF THE SEA CIEM CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL POUR L’EXPLORATION DE LA MER International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Series editor: Antonina dos Santos and Lidia Yebra Prepared under the auspices of the ICES Working Group on Zooplankton Ecology (WGZE) This leaflet has undergone a formal external peer-review process Recommended format for purpose of citation: Di Capua, I. 2021. Temora Baird, 1850. ICES Identification Leaflets for Plankton No. 195. 17 pp. http://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.7719 ISBN number: 978-87-7482-580-7 ISSN number: 2707-675X Cover Image: Inês M. Dias and Lígia F. de Sousa for ICES ID Plankton Leaflets This document has been produced under the auspices of an ICES Expert Group. The contents therein do not necessarily represent the view of the Council. © 2021 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). For citation of datasets or conditions for use of data to be included in other databases, please refer to ICES data policy. i | ICES Identification Leaflets for Plankton 195 Contents 1 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 1 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 3 Distribution .................................................................................................................... -
Observing Copepods Through a Genomic Lens James E Bron1*, Dagmar Frisch2, Erica Goetze3, Stewart C Johnson4, Carol Eunmi Lee5 and Grace a Wyngaard6
Bron et al. Frontiers in Zoology 2011, 8:22 http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/8/1/22 DEBATE Open Access Observing copepods through a genomic lens James E Bron1*, Dagmar Frisch2, Erica Goetze3, Stewart C Johnson4, Carol Eunmi Lee5 and Grace A Wyngaard6 Abstract Background: Copepods outnumber every other multicellular animal group. They are critical components of the world’s freshwater and marine ecosystems, sensitive indicators of local and global climate change, key ecosystem service providers, parasites and predators of economically important aquatic animals and potential vectors of waterborne disease. Copepods sustain the world fisheries that nourish and support human populations. Although genomic tools have transformed many areas of biological and biomedical research, their power to elucidate aspects of the biology, behavior and ecology of copepods has only recently begun to be exploited. Discussion: The extraordinary biological and ecological diversity of the subclass Copepoda provides both unique advantages for addressing key problems in aquatic systems and formidable challenges for developing a focused genomics strategy. This article provides an overview of genomic studies of copepods and discusses strategies for using genomics tools to address key questions at levels extending from individuals to ecosystems. Genomics can, for instance, help to decipher patterns of genome evolution such as those that occur during transitions from free living to symbiotic and parasitic lifestyles and can assist in the identification of genetic mechanisms and accompanying physiological changes associated with adaptation to new or physiologically challenging environments. The adaptive significance of the diversity in genome size and unique mechanisms of genome reorganization during development could similarly be explored. -
Distribución Geográfica De Boeckella Y Neoboeckella (Calanoida: Centropagidae) En El Perú TRABAJOS ORIGINALES
Revista peruana de biología 21(3): 223 - 228 (2014) ISSN-L 1561-0837 Distribución de BOECKELLA y NEOBOECKELLA en el Perú doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v21i3.10895 FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS UNMSM TRABAJOS ORIGINALES Distribución geográfica deBoeckella y Neoboeckella (Calanoida: Centropagidae) en el Perú Geographical distribution of Boeckella and Neoboeckella (Calanoida: Centropagidae) in Peru Iris Samanez y Diana López Departamento de Limnología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Resumen Marcos. Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María- Lima El análisis de muestras de plancton colectadas en diferentes localidades a lo largo de los 14, Perú. Andes peruanos, dieron como resultado el registro de siete especies de Boeckella (gracilis, Email Iris Samanez: [email protected] gracilipes, calcaris, poopoensis, occidentalis, titicacae y palustris) y dos de Neoboeckella Email Diana López: [email protected] (kinzeli y loffleri). Todas las especies citadas, exceptuando a las especies de Neoboeckella, fueron registradas en la cuenca del lago Titicaca (Puno). Además, B. palustris, B. gracilipes y B. calcaris fueron también reportadas en Moquegua, Apurímac y Pasco (Andes del sur y central). Boeckella titicacae parece estar restringida a la cuenca del lago Titicaca. Boeckella poopoensis ocurre en cuerpos de agua con elevada conductividad reportándose sólo en Las Salinas en Arequipa. Boeckella occidentalis fue la especie con mayor rango de distribución desde el sur en Puno hasta el norte en Cajamarca y se registra por primera vez para el país Neoboeckella loffleri. Las muestras están depositadas en la Colección de Plancton del De- partamento de Limnología del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-Perú.