DOCSLIB.ORG

Health Communication

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Health Communication Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page iii Health Communication From Theory to Practice Renata Schiavo John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page ii Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page i Health Communication From Theory to Practice Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page ii Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page iii Health Communication From Theory to Practice Renata Schiavo John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Schiavo.ffirs 2/19/07 1:34 PM Page iv Copyright © 2007 by Renata Schiavo. All rights reserved. Published by Jossey-Bass A Wiley Imprint 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741 www.josseybass.com No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Readers should be aware that Internet Web sites offered as citations and/or sources for further information may have changed or disappeared between the time this was written and when it is read. Jossey-Bass books and products are available through most bookstores. To contact Jossey-Bass directly call our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-956-7739, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3986, or fax 317-572-4002. Jossey-Bass also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Schiavo, Renata. Health communication : from theory to practice / Renata Schiavo. — 1st ed. p.; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7879-8205-8 (pbk.) 1. Communication in medicine—United States. 2. Health promotion—United States. 3. Health planning—United States. I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Delivery of Health Care. 2. Communication. 3. Health Planning. 4. Program Development. W 84.1 S329h 2007] R118.S33 2007 610.1'4—dc22 2006101792 Printed in the United States of America FIRST EDITION PB Printing 10987654321 Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page v Contents Tables, Figures, Exhibits, and Numbered Boxes vii Preface xi Acknowledgments xv About the Author xvii Introduction xix PART ONE: INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH COMMUNICATION 1 1 What Is Health Communication? 3 2 Current Health Communication Theories and Issues 30 3 Cultural, Gender, Ethnic, Religious, and Geographical Influences on Conceptions of Health and Illness 71 PART TWO: HEALTH COMMUNICATION APPROACHES AND ACTION AREAS 89 4 Interpersonal Communications 91 5 Public Relations and Public Advocacy 121 6 Community Mobilization 147 7 Professional Medical Communications 175 8 Constituency Relations in Health Communication 198 PART THREE: PLANNING, IMPLEMENTING, AND EVALUATING A HEALTH COMMUNICATION PROGRAM 213 9 Overview of the Health Communication Planning Process 215 10 Situation Analysis and Audience Profile 237 v Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page vi vi CONTENTS 11 Identifying Program Objectives and Strategies 281 12 Developing Tactical and Evaluation Plans 298 13 Implementing, Monitoring, and Evaluating a Health Communication Program 336 Appendix A: Examples of Worksheets and Resources on Health Communication Planning 353 Appendix B: Selected Online Resources on Health Communication 363 Glossary 371 References 379 Name Index 413 Subject Index 419 Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page vii Tables, Figures, Exhibits, and Numbered Boxes Tables 1.1 Health Communication Definitions 8 1.2 Key Characteristics of Health Communication 12 1.3 What Health Communication Can and Cannot Do 27 3.1 A Comparative Overview of Ideas of Health and Illness 79 3.2 Examples of Disease-Specific Ideas of Illness 83 4.1 Comparing Cultural Norms and Values 94 4.2 Barriers to Effective Provider-Patient Communications: Patient Factors 111 5.1 Public Relations Functions in Health Care 123 5.2 Characteristics of Types Relevant to Public Relations 125 5.3 Key Characteristics of Ethical Public Relations Programs 130 5.4 Dos and Don’ts of Media Relations 136 5.5 Mass Media Channels and Related Public Relations Tools 139 7.1 Key Audiences of Professional Medical Communications 178 7.2 Key Obstacles to Clinician Change 184 7.3 Communication Approaches and Tools and Their Effects 188 7.4 Key Communications Tools and Channels in Professional Communications 193 vii Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page viii viii TABLES, FIGURES, EXHIBITS, AND NUMBERED BOXES 8.1 Guidelines for Establishing and Preserving Long-Term Relationships 205 8.2 Potential Drawbacks of Partnerships 208 9.1 Key Elements of an Effective Health Communication Program 227 10.1 Qualitative Versus Quantitative Research Methods 266 10.2 Frequency of Explicit Criteria for Evaluation of Health-Related Web Sites by Criteria Groups 271 12.1 Examples of Communication Concepts for a Program on Childhood Immunization 309 12.2 Key Elements of a Partnership Plan 321 12.3 Drawbacks of Evaluation 328 13.1 Examples of Areas of Monitoring with Related Data Collection and Reporting Methods 344 Figures 1.1 Health Communication Environment 23 2.1 Attributes of the Audience 34 2.2 Ideation Theory 42 4.1 The Potential Impact of Interpersonal Communications on Behavior: A Practical Example 99 9.1 Health Communication Cycle 221 9.2 Key Steps of Health Communication Planning 223 10.1 Key Steps of Situation Analysis 241 Exhibits 9.1 Examples of Outcome Objectives for a Program on Pediatric Asthma 234 10.1 Audience Segmentation Example 250 10.2 SWOT Analysis for the Caribbean Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Project 264 Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page ix TABLES, FIGURES, EXHIBITS, AND NUMBERED BOXES ix 11.1 Sample Communication Objectives: Understanding the Connection with Other Program Elements 286 Numbered Boxes 2.1 Diffusion of Innovation Theory: A Practical Example 35 2.2 Raising Awareness of Infant Mortality Disparities in San Francisco 48 4.1 Personal Selling Case Study 102 4.2 The Impact of Effective Provider-Patient Communications on Patient Outcomes: A Pediatric Nurse Practitioner’s Perspective 106 4.3 Impact of Physician Attitudes on Patient Behavior: A True Story 108 5.1 Johnson & Johnson’s Campaign for Nursing’s Future Initiative 127 5.2 Using the Internet as a Key Public Relations Channel: The Schepens Eye Research Institute 131 6.1 Social Mobilization to Fight Ebola in Yambio, Southern Sudan 155 6.2 How Bingwa Changed His Ways 158 6.3 Gay Men’s Health Crisis HIV/AIDS Timeline 162 7.1 National Foundation for Infectious Diseases Flu Fight for Kids: Case Study 189 8.1 How Constituency Relations Can Help Advance an Organization’s Mission: A Practice-Based Perspective 206 8.2 National Cancer Institute Guidelines for Considering Commercial Partners 210 10.1 Audience Profile: Got a Minute? Give It to Your Kids! 252 12.1 NCI’s Cancer Research Awareness Initiative: From Message Concepts to Final Message 311 12.2 Community Theater in Benin: Taking the Show on the Road 315 Schiavo.ftoc 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page x For my daughters, Oriana and Talia, and, of course, my husband, Roger Ullman Schiavo.fpref 2/19/07 1:35 PM Page xi Preface When my child will grow up, he will walk on his own, he will walk on his own two feet, and that is the greatest gift of all. A MOTHER WHOSE CHILD RECEIVED THE POLIO VACCINE AS PART OF THE ONGOING POLIO ERADICATION CAMPAIGN IN INDIA (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND GLOBAL POLIO ERADICATION INITIATIVE, 2004A) “I first became familiar with the importance and impact of health communication while working on the polio eradication campaign in India,” relates one of my students, Prarthana Shukla, who holds a medical degree from Ahmedabad, India, and moved to the United States to complete a master’s in public health at New York Univer- sity (interview with the author, 2006). As a member of one of the medical teams that administered the oral polio vaccine to infants and unimmunized children in India, she attributes the long lines of people waiting to be immunized to a widespread and well- designed communication campaign that used multiple channels to convey the importance and safety of immunization. Despite her lack of experience in health communication, several analyses and postintervention evaluations (Waisbord, 2004; Favin, 2004) agree with her observation and contribute to the bulk of evidence in many disease areas that has recently propelled health communi- cation to the forefront of the public health arena.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Views of Young People in the UK About Obesity, Body Size, Shape and Weight
    The views of young people in the UK about obesity, body size, shape and weight A systematic review Report written by Rebecca Rees, Jenny Caird, Kelly Dickson, Carol Vigurs, James Thomas EPPI-Centre Social Science Research Unit Institute of Education University of London EPPI-Centre report • April 2013 REPORT The authors of this report are: Rebecca Rees (RR), Jenny Caird (JC), Kelly Dickson (KD), Carol Vigurs (CV), James Thomas (JT) (EPPI-Centre). Acknowledgements It is important to acknowledge the work of the authors of the studies included in this review and the children who participated in them, without which the review would have had no data. Particular thanks also go to Claire Stansfield (CS) and Josephine Kavanagh (JK) from the EPPI-Centre, who worked on several stages of the review; to members of the Steering Group of the EPPI-Centre’s Health Promotion and Public Health Reviews Facility for their helpful suggestions and material for the review; to the participants in the National Children’s Bureau’s Young People’s Public health Education, Awareness, Research (PEAR) Group for their work reflecting on the review’s findings; to Louca-Mai Brady and Deepa Pagarani from the National Children's Bureau for facilitating a consultation session with the PEAR Group; to the Cochrane Information Retrieval Methods Group, especially Andrew Booth and Mala Mann for searching advice; and to Chloe Austerberry and other members of the Health Promotion and Public Health team for their support and advice. Funding This is an independent report commissioned and funded by the Policy Research Programme in the Department of Health.
    [Show full text]
  • Theory at a Glance Was Published
    Theory Glance at a A Guide For Health Promotion Practice (Second Edition) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health Foreword decade ago, the first edition of Theory at a Glance was published. The guide was a welcome resource for public health practitioners seeking a single, concise summary of health behavior theories that was neither overwhelming nor superficial. As a government publication in the public domain, it also provided cash-strapped Ahealth departments with access to a seminal integration of scholarly work that was useful to program staff, interns, and directors alike. Although they were not the primary target audience, members of the public health research community also utilized Theory at a Glance, both as a quick desk reference and as a primer for their students. The National Cancer Institute is pleased to sponsor the publication of this guide, but its relevance is by no means limited to cancer prevention and control. The principles described herein can serve as frameworks for many domains of public health intervention, complementing focused evidence reviews such as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Guide to Community Preventive Services. This report also complements a number of other efforts by NCI and our federal partners to facilitate more rigorous testing and application of health behavior theories through training workshops and the development of new Web-based resources. One reason theory is so useful is that it helps us articulate assumptions and hypotheses concerning our strategies and targets of intervention. Debates among policymakers concerning public health programs are often complicated by unspoken assumptions or confusion about which data are relevant.
    [Show full text]
  • CIOMS Guide to Vaccine Safety Communication
    2018 CIOMS Guide to Vaccine Safety Communication Report by Topic Group 3 of the CIOMS Working Group on Vaccine Safety Council for International Organizations of CIOMS Guide to Vaccine Safety Communication CIOMS Guide to Vaccine Medical Sciences (CIOMS) Geneva, Switzerland 2018 CIOMS CIOMS Guide to Vaccine Safety Communication Report by Topic Group 3 of the CIOMS Working Group on Vaccine Safety Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) Geneva,Geneva Switzerland 2014 2018 Copyright © 2018 by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) ISBN: 978-92-9036091-9 All rights reserved. CIOMS publications may be obtained directly from CIOMS using its website e-shop module at https://cioms.ch/shop/. Further information can be obtained from CIOMS P.O. Box 2100, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland, tel.: +41 22 791 6497, www.cioms.ch, e-mail: [email protected]. CIOMS publications are also available through the World Health Organization, WHO Press, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Citations: CIOMS Guide to vaccine safety communication. Report by topic group 3 of the CIOMS Working Group on Vaccine Safety. Geneva, Switzerland: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), 2018. Note on style: This publication uses the World Health Organization’s WHO style guide, 2nd Edition, 2013 (WHO/ KMS/WHP/13.1) wherever possible for spelling, punctuation, terminology and formatting which combines British and American English conventions. Disclaimer: The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and those views do not necessarily represent the decisions, policies or views of their respective institutions or companies.
    [Show full text]
  • Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations: Systematic Review and Recommendations
    Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations: Systematic Review and Recommendations TRISHA GREENHALGH, GLENN ROBERT, FRASER MACFARLANE∗,PAULBATE, and OLIVIA KYRIAKIDOU∗ University College London; ∗University of Surrey This article summarizes an extensive literature review addressing the question, How can we spread and sustain innovations in health service delivery and or- ganization? It considers both content (defining and measuring the diffusion of innovation in organizations) and process (reviewing the literature in a sys- tematic and reproducible way). This article discusses (1) a parsimonious and evidence-based model for considering the diffusion of innovations in health service organizations, (2) clear knowledge gaps where further research should be focused, and (3) a robust and transferable methodology for systematically re- viewing health service policy and management. Both the model and the method should be tested more widely in a range of contexts. Key Words: Diffusion of innovation, systematic review, implementation. his article summarizes the findings of a systematic literature review of the diffusion of service inno- T vations. The United Kingdom Department of Health explic- itly commissioned this work, which was carried out between October 2002 and December 2003, for its National Health Service’s exten- sive modernization agenda (UK Department of Health 2001). Our review, which supplements and extends previous overviews and meta- analyses (Damanpour 1991, 1992, 1996; Granados et al. 1997; Meyers, Sivakumar, and Nakata 1999; Rogers 1995; Tornatsky and Klein 1982; Address correspondence to: Trisha Greenhalgh, University College London, Room 403, Holborn Union Building, Highgate Hill, London N19 5LW, United Kingdom (e-mail: [email protected]). The Milbank Quarterly, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Communicating the Risks of Urban Air Pollution to the Public. a Study of Urban Air Pollution Information Services
    Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie. 31 (4) 361-375, 2015 COMMUNICATING THE RISKS OF URBAN AIR POLLUTION TO THE PUBLIC. A STUDY OF URBAN AIR POLLUTION INFORMATION SERVICES Christian OLTRA* and Roser SALA Centro de Investigación Sociotécnica, Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT). Gran Vía de las Cortes Catalanas 604, Barcelona, España, 08007 *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received September 2014; accepted April 2015) Key words: air quality, risk communication ABSTRACT Communicating to the public about urban air pollution is a complex task. It requires careful consideration of the goals and objectives of the communication, the target audience, the type of information and the messages to be conveyed, and the vehicles through which the message will be delivered. This complexity increases when the goal of communication is not only making information about air pollution available to the public, but also to promote socially beneficial changes in the behavior of various social groups. In order to understand in greater depth the challenges of communicating dif- ferent air pollution issues, we evaluated the public air pollution information services provided by public information services in four Spanish cities, based on interviews with experts and a documentary analysis. We identified the main features in terms of five dimensions (goals of communication, type of information, communication mechanisms, intended audience and intended effects), then we explored the limitations of these information systems, and analyze the beliefs and assumptions of the experts concerning communicating with the public. We recommend that air quality manage- ment planners assess their opportunities to foster both a broader public engagement and behavioral modifications in a way that complements and extends current structural and informational interventions.
    [Show full text]
  • Communication As an Essential Component of Environmental Health Science
    AdVANcEmENtAd VAN c E m EN t of tHEt HE PRACTICE DIRECT FROM CDC ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES BRANCH Communication as an Essential Component of Environmental Health Science Ricardo R. Beato, Jana Telfer, MS MA and community health decisions. The use of Editor's Note: This is the first of two columns this month about the research adds scientific rigor to health commu­ Environmental Health Training in Emergency Response (EHTER) Awareness nication planning and implementation. Health Level course. NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information communication professionals are uniquely trained and qualified to conduct communica­ on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In tion research, develop effective and duplicable pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health health promotion strategies and campaigns, Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and evaluate communication effectiveness. (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) included health communica­ In this column, EHSB and guest authors from across CDC will highlight a tion science among the Healthy People 2010 variety of concerns, opportunities, challenges, and successes that we all share objectives. HHS states that during the first de­ in environmental public health. EHSB’s objective is to strengthen the role of cade of the 21st century, health communication state, local, and national environmental health programs and professionals has been an essential contributor to improved to anticipate, identify, and respond to adverse environmental exposures and personal and community health. Public health professionals must continue to build an acces­ the consequences of these exposures for human health.
    [Show full text]
  • Kesmas 0.3 0.168 0.270
    Brought to you by Universitas Diponegoro Search Sources Lists SciVal Create account Sign in ↗ Feedback ▻ Compare sources ▻ CiteScore 2019 Kesmas 0.3 Scopus coverage years: from 2016 to Present Publisher: Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of public health SJR 2019 ISSN: 1907-7505 E-ISSN: 2460-0601 0.168 Subject area: Medicine: Health Policy Medicine: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Medicine: Epidemiology SNIP 2019 0.270 View all documents ▻ Set document alert Save to source list Journal Homepage CiteScore CiteScore rank & trend Scopus content coverage × i Improved CiteScore methodology CiteScore 2019 counts the citations received in 2016-2019 to articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters and data papers published in 2016-2019, and divides this by the number of publications published in 2016-2019. Learn more ▻ CiteScore 2019 CiteScoreTracker 2020 33 Citations 2016 - 2019 28 Citations to date 0.3 = = 115 Documents 2016 - 2019 0.3 87 Documents to date Calculated on 06 May, 2020 Last updated on 07 September, 2020 • Updated monthly CiteScore rank 2019 Category Rank Percentile Medicine Health Policy #216/239 9th Medicine Public Health, #472/516 8th Environmental and Occupational Health View CiteScore methodology ▻ CiteScore FAQ ▻ Add CiteScore to your site About Scopus Language Customer Service What is Scopus ⽇本語に切り替える Help Content coverage 切换到简体中文 Contact us Scopus blog 切換到繁體中文 Scopus API Русский язык Privacy matters Terms and conditions ↗ Privacy policy ↗ Copyright © Elsevier B.V ↗. All rights reserved. Scopus® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Health Communication: International Perspectives JHC Facts
    Journal of Health Communication: International Perspectives JHC Facts • Founded in 1996 by Scott C. Ratzan • Published 12x/year with 2-3 supplemental issues each year. • Over 500 submissions in 2014 • Less than 20% acceptance rate. 2013 Journal Citations Report® ranks Journal of Health Communication 9th out of 74 in the Communication (social science) and 14th out of 83 in Information Science & Library Science (social science) categories with an Impact Factor of 1.869. 2013 Five-Year Impact Factor: 2.355 All figures ©2014 Thomson Reuters, 2013 Journal Citation Reports® Journal Scope Journal of Health Communication: International Perspectives is the leading journal covering the full breadth of a field that focuses on the communication of health information globally. Articles feature research on: • Developments in the field of health communication; • New media, m-health and interactive health communication; • Health Literacy; • Social marketing; • Global Health; • Shared decision making and ethics; • Interpersonal and mass media communication; • Advances in health diplomacy policy and education; • Government, civil society and multi-stakeholder initiatives; • Public Private partnerships and • Public Health campaigns. Peer Review Process • Every paper receives an internal review • If selected for outside peer review paper is assigned to two peer reviewers (minimum) • Review period after internal review is approximately 4-6 weeks. • Editorial Board: we have 57 active members who also serve as reviewers • Authors are asked to suggest two peer reviewers. These should not be friends or close colleagues. Global Health Communication • New Open Access Journal, starts publishing in 2015. APC will apply. • GHC is the first online journal to focus solely on global health communication.
    [Show full text]
  • Behavioral Science & Health Communication Concentration
    Behavioral Science & Health Communication Concentration Accelerated MPH Three Semester Plan/Fall Start (Elective choices: 3 credits concentration electives and 6 credits general MPH electives) Fall (13.5 credits) Credits HCOM 548: Applications of Communication Theory 3 PH 201: Principles of Epidemiology 3 PH 205: Principles of Biostatistics 3 PH 289: Introduction to Building Healthy Communities 3 Elective 1.5 Spring (15 credits) HCOM 522: Changing Health Behaviors 3 HCOM 549: Media Strategies for the Health Professional 3 PH 285: Evaluation of Health Programs 3 PH 301: ALE Planning 1.5 Electives 4.5 Summer (13.5 credits) PH 204: Occupational and Environmental Health 3 PH 215: Public Health and Healthcare 3 PH 216: Health Care Organization 3 PH 302: ALE Implementation 1.5 Electives 3 42 Three Semester Plan/Summer Start (Elective choices: 3 credits concentration electives and 6 credits general MPH electives) Summer (13.5 credits) Credits HCOM 522: Changing Health Behaviors 3 PH 201: Principles of Epidemiology 3 PH 215: Public Health and Healthcare 3 PH 216: Health Care organization 3 Elective 1.5 Fall (15 credits) HCOM 548: Applications of Communication Theory 3 PH 205: Principles of Biostatistics 3 PH 285: Evaluation of Health Programs 3 PH 289: Introduction to Building Healthy Communities 3 PH 301: ALE planning 1.5 Elective 1.5 Spring (13.5 credits) HCOM 549: Media Strategies for the Health Professional 3 PH 204: Occupational and Environmental Health 3 PH 302: ALE Implementation 1.5 Electives 6 42 April 13, 2018 Three Semester Plan/Spring
    [Show full text]
  • Crisis Communication Related to Vaccine Safety: Technical Guidance
    Crisis communication related to vaccine safety: Technical guidance All good responses to a crisis begin with good preparation 2 Crisis communication related to vaccine safety: Technical guidance All good responses to a crisis begin with good preparation Washington, D.C. 2021 Crisis communication related to vaccine safety: technical guidance © Pan American Health Organization, 2021 ISBN: 978-92-75-12313-3 (Print) ISBN: 978-92-75-12312-6 (PDF) Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this license, this work may be copied, redistributed, and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided the new work is issued using the same or equivalent Creative Commons license and it is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) endorses any specific organization, product, or service. Use of the PAHO logo is not permitted. Adaptations: If this work is adapted, the following disclaimer should be added along with the suggested citation: “This is an adaptation of an original work by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author(s) of the adaptation and are not endorsed by PAHO.” Translation: If this work is translated, the following disclaimer should be added along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
    [Show full text]
  • Essentials of Public Health Communication
    71157_FMxx_00i_xxxiv.qxd 9/8/10 2:10 PM Page i © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Essentials of Public Health Communication Claudia F. Parvanta, PhD Professor and Chair, Department of Behavioral & Social Sciences University of the Sciences Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Lead Author and Editor David E. Nelson, MD, MPH Director, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Captain, U.S. Public Health Service Bethesda, Maryland Editor, Chapter Contributor Sarah A. Parvanta, MPH Annenberg School of Communication University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Editor, Chapter Contributor Richard N. Harner, MD Adjunct Professor of Neuroscience University of the Sciences Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Editor, Chapter Contributor 71157_FMxx_00i_xxxiv.qxd 9/16/10 5:22 PM Page ii © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION World Headquarters Jones & Bartlett Learning Jones & Bartlett Learning Jones & Bartlett Learning 40 Tall Pine Drive Canada International Sudbury, MA 01776 6339 Ormindale Way Barb House, Barb Mews 978-443-5000 Mississauga, Ontario L5V 1J2 London W6 7PA [email protected] Canada United Kingdom www.jblearning.com Jones & Bartlett Learning books and products are available through most bookstores and online booksellers. To contact Jones & Bartlett Learning directly, call 800-832-0034, fax 978-443-8000, or visit our website, www.jblearning.com. Substantial discounts on bulk quantities of Jones & Bartlett Learning publications are available to corporations, professional associ- ations, and other qualified organizations. For details and specific discount information, contact the special sales department at Jones & Bartlett Learning via the above contact information or send an email to [email protected]. Copyright © 2011 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Reducing Healthcare Disparities Through Innovative Strategies to Improve Patient-Physician Communication Lisa A
    Reducing Healthcare Disparities through Innovative Strategies to Improve Patient-Physician Communication Lisa A. Cooper, MD, MPH James F. Fries Professor of Medicine Director, Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities Disclosures • None Objectives • Discuss the concept of vulnerable populations and its implications for health disparities and health literacy research • Review current evidence for communication disparities by race, social concordance, and health literacy • Describe intervention strategies being tested for effectiveness at improving communication and reducing health and healthcare disparities • Provide potential directions for future research Healthcare disparities and health literacy . Who is at greatest risk? . Concept of vulnerability Health and Healthcare Disparities: Who is at greatest risk? • Racial and ethnic minorities • Those with low socio-economic status • Geography • Gender • Age • Disability status • Sex and gender (LGBT) • Other at-risk populations http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/populations.html Low health literacy: Who is at greatest risk? • Older adults • Racial and ethnic minorities • People with less than a high school degree or GED certificate • People with low income levels • Non-native speakers of English • People with compromised health status National Center for Education Statistics. 2006. The Health Literacy of America's Adults: Results From the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education Vulnerable Populations Subpopulations, who because of shared social characteristics: • Are at higher risk of risks • Are exposed to contextual conditions that distinguish them from the rest of population • Have a higher mean distribution of risk exposure than the rest of the population, characterized by a clustering of risks that conspire to foster disease • Experience stressful social disorganization as a normative reality of life Schillinger D.
    [Show full text]