Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2020) 44: 355-374 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1912-42
A faunistic overview of Temelucha Förster (Hym., Ichneumonidae, Cremastinae) in Iran
1 1, 1 2 Maryam ZARDOUEI HEYDARI , Ehsan RAKHSHANI *, Azizollah MOKHTARI , Martin SCHWARZ 1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran 2 Eben 21, A–4202 Kirchschlag, Austria
Received: 23.12.2019 Accepted/Published Online: 20.05.2020 Final Version: 13.07.2020
Abstract: Species of the genus Temelucha Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cremastinae) in Iran are taxonomically overviewed. Sampling was done using Malaise traps and sweeping nets in natural grasslands, forests, orchards and field crops during 2013–2017. Fifteen species are recorded and reviewed, among them 5 speciesTemelucha albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838), T. flaviaVas, 2016, T.ophthalmica (Holmgren, 1860), T. pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982, and T. variipes (Szépligeti, 1899) are new records for the fauna of Iran. T. convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani sp. nov. is described and illustrated. A key to the known species is generated. For all species, brief illustrated diagnoses are also provided.
Key words: Diagnosis, key, new record, parasitoids, taxonomy
1. Introduction Species of the genus Temelucha in Iran have been The subfamily Cremastinae Förster, 1869 consist of about investigated by various authors (Masnadi-Yazdinejad and 828 described species within 35 genera, worldwide (Yu et al., Jussila, 2009; Kishani Farahani et al., 2010; Barahoei et al., 2016) and is a moderately species-rich group in the family 2014; Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2016a, 2016b, Riedel Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). The genusTemelucha et al., 2019). Amiri et al. (2015) published a taxonomic Förster, 1869 with 236 species and a worldwide distribution study of the Iranian Cremastinae, in which they provided a is known as the most diverse genus of Cremastinae (Yu et key to the Temelucha species known from Iran. Ambiguity al., 2016; Vas, 2016a). Species of the genus Temelucha occur of the diagnostic characters with emphasis on the variable mainly on herbage, grasses or bushes in the moderately colorations used in the key, make it difficult to recognize arid regions, and are parasitoids of a wide range of small many closely related species. lepidopteran larvae in concealed habitats, leaf folds or Despite its diversity and interesting biology, Temelucha species of Iran have been very poorly studied yet. Territory tunnels (Townes, 1971). Temelucha platensis (Brèthes, 1917) of Iran is known as crossroad of 3 biogeographical regions has been reared from the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea (Firouz, 2005) with a complex fauna and flora, which manifest opercullela (Zeller) (Gelechiidae), which is one of the a high rate of biodiversity within wide ranges of altitudinal economically important pests (Oatman and Platner, 1974). zonation (below the sea level to 5.770 m), climate (humid to Temelucha can be separated from closely related arid) and temperature (from –35 °C to 70 °C in the deserts genera by the following characters: ventral margins of the of Dasht-e Lut) (Hedge and Wendelbo, 1978; Zohary, 1963). first metasomal tergite touching or nearly touching each The major parts of the country remain unexplored for the other above first sternite, so that sternite partly or mostly ichneumonids. In this work, we did an additional contribution invisible. Midtibia with 2 spurs. The upper part of occipital on the knowledge of Temelucha species in various regions of carina interrupted medially and the upper ends often the country (north, northeastern, southeastern and western down-curved (Townes, 1971). By finding a new Temelucha provinces). A key to the known Temelucha species in Iran, species from Malta, 48 species of Temelucha were known in together with illustrated diagnoses, and supplementary data the Western Palaearctic region (Vas, 2016a, 2016b). Since on the distribution of the species are provided. then Kolarov (2016) and Riedel et al. (2019), described T. latastigma Kolarov, 2016 and T. brunneomaculata Riedel 2. Material and methods et al., 2019 as additional species of Temelucha in the The specimens were collected by samplings during 2013– Palaearctic region. 2017 in various regions of Iran, using Malaise traps and * Correspondence: [email protected] 355
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. ZARDOUEI HEYDARI et al. / Turk J Zool sweeping nets. Sampling areas were located at north Diagnosis (Female). Body about 4 mm, fore wing (Guilan), northeastern (North Khorasan), southeastern about 3.2 mm, ovipositor about 2 mm. Temple widened, (Kerman, Sistan-o Baluchestan) and western (Kermanshah) not constricted behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 2a). parts of Iran. Various habitats including agroecosystems, Clypeus with weakly curved apical margin (Figure 2b). forests and orchards were selected for sampling (Figure 1). Malar space about 1.4× as long as basal width of mandible. The collected specimens were preserved in 75% ethanol, Eyes parallel. Lateral ocellus diameter shorter than the then they were treated according to AXA protocol (Van distance between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 2c). Achterberg, 2009) with the mixture of ethanol (60%) and Mesoscutum with coarse punctures (Figure 2d). Basal xylene (40%) for 2 days, in amyl acetate for 2 days and then area of propodeum triangular-shaped (Figure 2e). Areola properly dried on a piece of blotter paper. Dried specimens and petiolar area distinctly separated. Areola narrower were glued on triangular cards, and labeled. Specimens of than the petiolar area and smooth. Petiolar area with Temelucha species in the following collections were also dense transverse striation. Median longitudinal carinae examined and compared: Collections of Department convergent in the middle. Second lateral area punctate on of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University (TMUC), its basal half and striated on its apical half. Fore wing with Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM), Moravian vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal abscissa of M+Cu pigmented. Museum, Brno, Czech Republic (MMBC), National Ventral margins of the first tergite touching each other. Museum Prague (NMP) and Zoologische Staatssammlung Apex of ovipositor weakly down-curved (Figure 2f). Body München (ZSM). black; 4 basal segments of antennae partly, vertical, frontal, Images were taken using a Canon EOS 700D digital facial, and the upper half of temporal orbits, clypeus and camera attached to a Hund Wetzlar stereomicroscope. A mandible yellow. Median and lateral lobe of mesoscutum series of 15–25 (dependent on the size of shooting part) with yellowish brown stripes. Scutellum yellowish brown multifocused captured photos were taken, and merged with black semicircle patch basally. Legs yellow with into a single in-focus image using Zerene Stacker version brownish pattern. Postpetiole blackish brown. Second tergite blackish brown basally and brown apically. Third 1.04. Subsequent processing and slight editing were to seventh tergites blackish brown basally, then whitish done in Adobe Photoshop CS2. General morphological yellow toward the apical and lateral edges. terminology follows Townes (1969). Nomenclature for Temelucha annulata (Szépligeti, 1899) wing venations and cells were followed Goulet and Huber Cremastus annulatus Szépligeti, 1899. Természetrajzi (1993) and Gauld (1991). Füzetek 23 (1900): 6. Holotype ♀. — Hungarian Natural Newly collected materials are deposited in the History Museum, Budapest. collection of Department of Plant Protection, University Materia: Not examined. of Zabol, Zabol, Iran (DPPZ). General distribution for the Distribution in Iran: Markazi Province (Riedel et al., studied species was followed through Yu et al. (2016). 2019). Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech 3. Results Republic, Czechoslovakia, France, Greece, Hungary, In total, 15 Iranian species of the genus Temelucha are Moldova, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Sweden, taxonomically reviewed, of which 5 species are new records Turkey). for the fauna of Iran. Species are listed alphabetically and Temelucha brunnemaculata Riedel et al., 2019 the new records are marked with asterisk (*). Temelucha brunnemaculata Riedel, Ameri, Talebi, Family Ichneumonidae Latreille, 1802 Ebrahimi, 2019. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 51 (1): 370. Subfamily Cremastinae Förster, 1869 Holotype ♀. — Zoologische Staatssammlung München. Genus Temelucha Förster, 1869 Material from Iran:Not examined. Temelucha albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)* Distribution in Iran: Markazi Province (Riedel et al., Porizon albipennis Zetterstedt, 1838. Lipsiae: 396. 2019). Holotype ♂. — Zoologiska Institutionen, Helgonavägen, Distribution: Palaearctic (Iran). Lund, Sweden. Temelucha caudata (Szépligeti, 1899) Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Sistan-o Cremastus caudatus Szépligeti, 1899. Természetrajzi Baluchestan Province, Zabol county, Natural resources Füzetek. 23 (1900): 3. Holotype ♀. — Hungarian Natural forest (31°00‘46“N, 61°27‘54“E, 481 m), swept on Tamarix History Museum, Budapest. hispida Willdenow, 25.10.2015, leg.: H.A. Derafshan. Material from Iran: Not examined. Distribution in Iran: Sistan-o Baluchestan Province. Distribution in Iran: Hormozgan Province (Amiri et Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, former al., 2015). Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Iran (new record), Distribution: Palaearctic (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Lithuania, Turkey, United Kingdom). Russia, Spain, Turkey).
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Figure 1. Malaise traps; locations. a) near to the field crop; b) fruit orchard; c) oak forest; d) and e) additional collecting bottle inside the trap.
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Figure 2. External morphological characters of Temelucha albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
Temelucha convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani sp. net, leg.: A. Amiri, “Temelucha afghana Sedivy”, Det: A. nov. Amiri. Holotype: 1♀ (TMUC), IRAN, Fars Province, Seddeh Diagnosis. The new species is closely related to T. (30°44‘08“N, 52°09‘09“E, 2301 m), 22.05.2013, sweeping afghana from which it can be immediately separated by its
358 ZARDOUEI HEYDARI et al. / Turk J Zool eyes, distinctly convergent ventrally, mesoscutum sparsely brown. Third to seventh tergites yellowish brown basally punctate, indistinct notaulus and postfurcal 2m-cu vein. then yellow toward the apical and lateral edges (Figure 3f). Temelucha afghana has parallel eyes, densely punctate Distribution: Palaearctic – Iran (Fars province). mesoscutum, distinct notaulus, and interstitial 2m-cu vein. Etymology: The specific name referring to the eyes Description – (Female). Body 13 mm, fore wing 5 distinctly convergent ventrally. mm, ovipositor 6.3 mm. Temelucha decorata (Gravenhorst, 1829) Head. Antenna with 33 flagellomeres. First flagellomere Cremastus decoratus Gravenhorst 1829. Vratislaviae: longer than the second flagellomere. Temple short, very 734. Holotype ♀. — Zoological Museum Berlin, Germany. strongly constricted behind eyes in lateral view (Figure Material examined: 2♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kermanshah 3a). Middle of face mainly punctate, punctures separated Province, Bayangan, Dodan (35°00’44”N, 46°12’27”E, 954 from each other by usually more than a puncture diameter. m), Malaise trap situated in oak forest, 14.05.2015; 1♀ Clypeus width 2.2× its length, with distinctly curved apical (DPPZ), same collecting data, 01.06.2015; 1♀ (DPPZ), margin, weakly separated from face by impression of same collecting data, 01.06.2015; 1♀ (DPPZ), same transverse groove (Figure 3b). Malar space (cheek) about collecting data, 05.06.2016; 1♀ (DPPZ), same collecting 0.75× as long as basal width of mandible. Eyes distinctly data, 20.06.2016; 2♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kermanshah convergent ventrally. Mandibular teeth of equal length. Province, Bayangan, Dodan (35°00’26”N, 46°12’51”E, Width between eyes across clypeal suture about 1.7× as 967m), Malaise trap situated in orchard, 15.07.2015; wide as its height from antennal insertion to the apex of 1♀ (DPPZ), same collecting data, 20.05.2016, leg.: M. clypeal margin medially. Lateral ocellus diameter as long Zardouei Heydari; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, North Khorasan as the distance between lateral ocellus and eye. Occipital Province, Qale-Khan (37°30‘39“N, 56°46‘18“E, 833 m), carina incomplete dorso-medially (Figure 3c). swept on weeds, 28.07.2017; 1♀ (DPPZ), same collecting Mesosoma. The height of pronotum more than its data, 20.07.2017, leg.: Z. Rahmani; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, length, with short hairs. Epomia indistinct. Mesopleuron North Khorasan Province, Jemi (37°24‘55“N, 57°30‘23“E, densely hairy and punctate. Prepectal carina curved at the 1156 m), swept on Medicago sativa, 16.09.2016, leg.: B. level of sternaulus and reaching the middle of the hind Motamedinia; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman Province, Bam edge of pronotum. Speculum shiny, hairless and almost (29°07‘55“N, 58°17‘09“E, 1132 m), swept on Cynodon impunctate. Metapleuron punctate. Mesoscutum with dactylon, 14.04.2013, leg.: M. Vafaei; “Temelucha discoidalis weak punctures (Figure 3d). Notaulus indistinct. Scutellum (Szépligeti)”, 1♀, 1♂ (TMUC), IRAN, Fars Province, punctate, slightly convex in lateral view. Propodeum with Dejekord (30°43‘58“N, 51°57‘03“E, 2168 m), Malaise trap, complete transverse or longitudinal carina. Basal area of 21.06.2012; 1♀ (TMUC), same collecting data, 31.08.2012, propodeum quadrate (Figure 3e). Areola striate, widder leg.: A. Amiri, Det: A. Amiri. than second lateral areas. Areola and petiolar area not Distribution in Iran: Hormozgan (Amiri et al., 2015), separated, both areas wide, with dense transverse striation. Qom (Kishani Farahani et al., 2010), West Azarbaijan Median longitudinal carinae convergent in the middle. (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2016b), Fars, Kerman, First lateral area large, wider than second lateral area. Kermanshah, North Khorasan and South Khorasan Second lateral area striated. Provinces. Wing. Fore wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal Distribution: Nearctic (USA, introduced), Palaearctic abscissa of M+Cu pigmented. Second discal cell more than (Afghanistan, Algeria, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, 1.5× as long as the first subdiscal cell. Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, Metasoma. First metasomal tergite length 1.1× second Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel, tergite. Sclerotized part of first sternite extending to Italy, Latvia, Macedonia, Madeira Islands, Moldova, the posterior third of the segment. Ventral margins of Montenegro, Morocco, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Spain, the first tergite touching each other. The second tergite Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan). with longitudinal striation as characteristic for many Diagnosis (Female). Body 8–10 mm, fore wing 4.3–4.8 Cremastinae. Ovipositor straight. Ovipositor sheath about mm, ovipositor 4–5 mm. Temple widened, not constricted 2.0× as long as the hind tibia. behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 4a). Clypeus with Colour. Body yellowish, antenna blackish brown. distinctly curved apical margin (Figure 4b). Malar space Median and lateral lobes of mesonotum with reddish about 1.4× as long as basal width of mandible. Eyes parallel. brown stripes. Mesopleuron with a short and narrow Lateral ocellus diameter shorter than the distance between reddish brown patch antero-ventrally, fore and mid coxae lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 4c). Mesoscutum with dense reddish brown. All tibiae yellowish brown interiorly. Tarsi punctures (Figure 4d). Basal area of propodeum triangular- yellowish brown. Hind coxa yellowish brown basally. Hind shaped (Figure 4e). Areola and petiolar area not separated. trochanter brown basally. First and second tergites reddish Areola and petiolar area wide, with dense transverse
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Figure 3. External morphological characters of Temelucha convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani sp. nov.– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view. striation. Median longitudinal carinae weakly convergent pigmented. Ventral margins of the first tergite touching in middle. Second lateral area densely striated. Fore wing each other. Apex of ovipositor straight (Figure 4f). Body with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal abscissa of M+Cu yellow; antenna, occiput, frons medially, area of ocelli and
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Figure 4. External morphological characters of Temelucha decorata (Gravenhorst, 1829)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view. teeth of mandible, a stripe on pronotum medially, median with a narrow yellow band on posterior margins. Third to lobe and lateral lobes of mesoscutum, mesopleuron, seventh tergites black basally, yellow apically and laterally. metapleuron and propodeum black with yellow patch. Legs Variation: This species shows considerable intraspecific yellow with brown patterns. First and second tergites black variation in coloration and size. Differences observed
361 ZARDOUEI HEYDARI et al. / Turk J Zool on Iranian specimens are as follows: yellow coloration Temelucha lucida (Szépligeti, 1899) of the body is somewhat paler and the black parts of the Cremastus lucidus Szépligeti, 1899. Természetrajzi mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum are slightly Füzetek, 23 (1900): 4. Holotype ♀. Hungarian Natural smaller. Median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum brownish History Museum, Budapest. with yellow patch. Pronotum without black patch. Material from Iran: Not examined. Temelucha dorsonigra (Hedwig, 1957) Distribution in Iran: Kurdistan Province Celor dorsoniger Hedwig, 1957. Jahresheft des Vereins (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2016a). für Vaterlaendische Naturkunde: 107. Holotype ♂. — Distribution: Palaearctic (Bulgaria, former Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany. Czechoslovakia, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Moldova, Material from Iran: Not examined. Romania, Russia, Turkey). Distribution in Iran: Sistan-o Baluchestan Province Temelucha meridionellator Aubert, 1981 Temelucha meridionellator Aubert, 1981. Bulletin de la (Hedwig, 1957). Société Entomologique de Mulhouse: 22. Holotype ♀. — Distribution: Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Iran, Museum of Zoology in Lausanne, Switzerland. Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Spain). Material from Iran: Not examined. Temelucha flaviaVas, 2016* Distribution in Iran: Markazi Province (Riedel et al., Temelucha flaviaVas 2016b. Ecologica Montenegrina, 2019). 8: 39–43. Holotype ♀. — Hungarian Natural History Distribution: Palaearctic (Israel, Malta, Turkey). Museum, Budapest. Temelucha minuta (Morley, 1912) Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman Tarytia minuta Morley, 1912. Transactions of the Province, Jiroft, Tarj (28°28‘40“N, 57°50‘28“E, 595 m), Linnean Society of London, 15: 175. Holotype ♀. — The swept on Citrus Palm, 25.03.2014, leg.: N. Amirinasab. Natural History Museum, London. Holotype ♀ (HNHM), Tunisia, Djerid region, Degache, Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Sistan-o agricultural school, light trap with MV lamp, 13.04.1977, Baluchestan Province, Zabolcounty, Akbar Abad leg.: L. Gozmány & S. Mahunka. (31°12‘51“N, 61°37‘28“E, 481 m), swept on Tamarix Distribution in Iran: Kerman Province. hispida, 21.04.2016, leg.: H.A. Derafshan. Distribution: Palaearctic [Iran (new record), Jordan, Distribution in Iran: Sistan-o Baluchestan (New), Tunisia]. Yazd and West Azarbaijan Provinces (Mohammadi- Diagnosis (Female). Body 9 mm, fore wing 5.3 mm, Khoramabadi et al., 2016b). ovipositor 5 mm. Temple short, very strongly constricted Distribution: Afrotropical (Madagascar, Reunion behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 5a). Clypeus with Island, Seychelles); Australasian (Australia, New South distinctly curved apical margin (Figure 5b). Malar space Wales, Queensland); Oriental (Thailand, India); Palaearctic about 0.45× as long as basal width of mandible. Eyes (Cyprus, Iran). parallel. Lateral ocellus diameter distinctly longer than Diagnosis (Female). Body 4.2 mm, fore wing 2.8 mm, the distance between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 5c). ovipositor 1.9 mm. Temple short, constricted behind eyes Mesoscutum with dense punctures (Figure 5d). Basal area in lateral view (Figure 6a). Clypeus with strongly curved of propodeum triangular-shaped (Figure 5e). Areola and apical margin (Figure 6b). Malar space about 1.5× as long as basal width of mandible. Eye weakly divergent ventrally. petiolar area indistinctly separated. Areola and petiolar area Lateral ocellus diameter as long as the distance between wide, areola smooth and petiolar area covered with dense lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 6c). Mesoscutum with dense transverse striation. Median longitudinal carinae weakly punctures (Figure 6d). Basal area of propodeum quadrate convergent in middle. Second lateral area punctate. Fore (Figure 6e). Areola and petiolar area not separated. Areola wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal abscissa of M+Cu smooth. Petiolar area covered with dense transverse pigmented. Ventral margins of the first tergite touching striation. Median longitudinal carinae very weakly each other. Apex of ovipositor straight (Figure 5f). Body convergent in the middle. Second lateral area striated. Fore whitish yellow; median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal abscissa of M+Cu yellowish brown. Mesopleuron and mesosternum with a unpigmented. Ventral margins of the first tergite touching short and narrow brown patch. Propodeum with only a each other. Apex of ovipositor weakly sinuous (Figure 6f). small brownish patch in the areola. Legs whitish yellow Body black; 4 segments of antennae, vertical, frontal, facial, with darker patterns. Postpetiole and second tergite with and the upper half of temporal orbits, clypeus, mandibles brownish yellow patches in its middle. Third to seventh and pronotum yellow. Median lobe of mesoscutum black, tergites yellowish brown basally, then whitish yellow lateral lobes of mesoscutum black basally and yellowish toward the apical and lateral edges. brown apically. Legs yellow with the brownish pattern.
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Figure 5. External morphological characters of Temelucha flaviaVas, 2016– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
Temelucha notata Kolarov, 1989 Material from Iran: Not examined. Temelucha notata Kolarov, 1989. Faunistische Distribution in Iran: West Azarbaijan Province Abhandlungen, 16 (13): 153. Holotype ♀. — Department (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2016b). of Zoology, University of Sofia, Bulgaria. Distribution: Palaearctic [Bulgaria, Iran, Italy (Yu et al., 2016), Romania (Vas, 2015)].
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Figure 6. External morphological characters of Temelucha minuta (Morley, 1912)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
Temelucha ophthalmica (Holmgren, 1860)* Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman Cremastus ophthalmicus Holmgren 1860. Kongliga Province, Tarj (28°28‘40“N, 57°50‘28“E, 595 m), swept Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 2 (8): 108. on Citrus tree, 25.03.2014; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman Holotype ♀. — Swedish Museum of Natural History, Province, Karim Abad (30°17‘41“N, 58°00‘27“E, 262 Sweden. m), swept on Cucumis sativus, 04.04.2014, leg.: N.
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Amirinasab; 2♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Guilan Province, Rasht- Amirinasab; “T. caudate (Szepligeti)”, 1♀ (TMUC), IRAN, Damash (36°45‘21“N, 49°47‘53“E, 1748 m), swept on Hormozgan Province, Roodan, Faryab (27°28‘58“N, weeds, 16.04.2014, leg.: E. Rakhshani; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, 57°04‘24“E, 321 m), 18.03.2013, Malaise trap, leg.: A. Kermanshah Province, Songhor (34°45‘40“N, 47°24‘00“E, Ameri, Det: A. Amiri. 1653 m), swept on Medicago sativa, 16.08.2013, leg.: Z. Distribution in Iran: Hormozgan, Kerman and Sharifi. Sistan-o Baluchestan Provinces. Distribution in Iran: Guilan, Kerman and Kermanshah Distribution: Palaearctic [Bulgaria, Iran (new record), Provinces. Turkey]. Distribution: Palaearctic [Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Diagnosis (Female). Body 7.8–8 mm, fore wing 4–4.2 Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Iran (new mm, ovipositor 4.6–5.4 mm. Temple short, constricted record), Italy, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Turkey, United behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 8a). Clypeus with Kingdom]. straight apical margin (Figure 8b). Malar space about Diagnosis (Female). Body 5–6 mm, fore wing 3.7– 0.75× as long as basal width of mandible. Eye straight. 4.0 mm, ovipositor 3.5–4.0 mm. Temple short, strongly Lateral ocellus diameter shorter than the distance between constricted behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 7a). lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 8c). Mesoscutum with Clypeus with distinctly curved apical margin (Figure dense punctures (Figure 8d). Basal area of propodeum 7b). Malar space about 1.35× as long as basal width of triangular-shaped (Figure 8e). Areola and petiolar area not mandible. Eyes parallel. Lateral ocellus diameter longer separated. Areola and petiolar area wide. Areola smooth. than the distance between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure Petiolar area covered with transverse striation. Median 7c). Mesoscutum with dense punctures (Figure 7d). Basal longitudinal carinae weakly convergent in middle. Second area of propodeum triangular-shaped (Figure 7e). Areola lateral area punctate. Fore wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. and petiolar area distinctly separated. Areola and petiolar Ventral margins of the first tergite not touching each other. area wide, covered with dense transverse striation. Median Apex of ovipositor weakly down-curved (Figure 8f). Body longitudinal carinae weakly convergent in middle. Second black; mandibles, frontal and temporal orbits yellow. lateral area punctate. Fore wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Clypeus brown. Legs yellow with the blackish pattern. Basal abscissa of M+Cu pigmented. Ventral margins of Third to seventh tergites with narrow yellow bands on the first tergite touching each other. Apex of ovipositor posterior margin. sinuous (Figure 7f). Body black; vertical orbits whitish Temelucha schoenobia (Thomson, 1890) yellow, temporal orbits and clypeus yellowish brown. Fore Cremastus schoenobius Thomson, 1890. Opuscula legs yellow. Mid and hind legs white with brown patterns. Entomologica. Lundae: 1446. Lectotype ♀. — Zoologiska Second to seventh tergites black basally then yellowish Institutionen, Helgonavägen, Lund, Sweden. brown toward the apical and lateral edges. Material examined: 1♀ (ZSM), Plovdiv, 09.08.1968, Temelucha persicator Horstmann & Yu, 1999 leg.: Germanov. Det: J. Kolarov; “Temelucha schoenobia Cremastus similis Hedwig 1957. Jahresheft des Vereins Thomson”, 1♀ (TMUC), IRAN, Hormozgan Province, für Vaterlaendische Naturkunde, 112 (1): 109. Holotype Minab (27°08‘42“N, 57°04‘42“E, 42 m), Malaise trap, ♂. — National Museum of Natural History Stuttgart 05.04.2012, leg.: A. Ameri, Det: A. Amiri. Rosenstein, Germany. Distribution in Iran: Golestan Province (Masnadi- Material from Iran: Not examined. Yazdinejad and Jussila, 2009). Distribution in Iran: Guilan Province (Masnadi- Distribution: Palaearctic (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Yazdinejad and Jussila, 2009). Finland, Hungary, Iran, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Distribution: Afrotropical (Saudi Arabia) and Turkey, Turkmenistan). Palaearctic (Iran). Diagnosis (Female). Body 6 mm, fore wing 3.5 mm, Temelucha pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982* ovipositor 2.7 mm. Temple short, strongly constricted Temelucha pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982. Acta behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 9a). Clypeus with Zoologica Bulgarica, 19: 68. Holotype ♀. — Department distinctly curved apical margin (Figure 9b), Malar space of Zoology, University of Sofia, Bulgaria. about 0.9× as long as basal width of mandible. Eyes parallel Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Sistan-o ventrally. Lateral ocellus diameter shorter than the distance Baluchestan Province, Khash, Nikshahr-Pip (26°14‘06“N, between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 9c). Mesoscutum 60°13‘42“E, 906 m), Malaise trap situated in orchard, with weak punctures (Figure 9d). Basal area of propodeum 17.06.2016; 1♀ (DPPZ), same collecting data, 14.07.2016, triangular-shaped (Figure 9e). Areola and petiolar area leg.: M. GhafouriMoghadam; 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman distinctly separated. Areola narrower than the petiolar area Province, Karim Abad (30°17‘41“N, 58°00‘27“E, 262 and smooth and petiolar area covered with dense transverse m), Malaise trap in Citrus Orchard, 10.04.2014, leg.: N. striation. Median longitudinal carinae convergent in
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Figure 7. External morphological characters of Temelucha ophthalmica (Holmgren, 1860)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view. the middle. Second lateral area punctate. Fore wing with area of ocelli, median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum, vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Ventral margins of the first tergite basal area, first and second lateral area, areola area black. touching each other. Apex of ovipositor distinctly down- Legs yellowish. Tergites with black patches in its base and curved (Figure 9f). Body yellowish to reddish; antenna, middle, then reddish toward the apical and lateral edges.
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Figure 8. External morphological characters of Temelucha pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
Remarks: Reexamination of the specimen of specimen clearly runs to T. decorata by the following “Temelucha schoenobia Thomson”, 1♀ (TMUC) (Amiri et characters: the length of mesosoma 1.8× times its width, al. 2015), revealed significant differences with characters lateral ocellus diameter shorter than the distance between indicated in the keys and original description. This lateral ocellus and eye, mesoscutum densely punctate.
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Figure 9. External morphological characters of Temelucha schoenobia (Thomson, 1890)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
Temelucha tricolorata Šedivý, 1968 Material examined: 1♂ (DPPZ),IRAN, Kerman Temelucha tricolorata Šedivý, 1968. Casopis Province, Jiroft, Sad (28°63‘02“N, 57°47‘05“E, 635 Moravskeho Musea, 53: 263. Holotype ♂. — Moravian m), swept on Medicago sativa, 17.03.2014, leg.: N. Museum, Preslova, Czech Republic. Amirinasab; 1♂ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kerman Province, Bard
368 ZARDOUEI HEYDARI et al. / Turk J Zool sir (29°55‘19“N, 56°35‘13“E, 2038 m), swept on Medicago the distance between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 11c). sativa, 13.03.2013, leg.: M. Azad; 1♂ (MZM), Afghanistan, Mesoscutum with dense punctures (Figure 11d). Basal area Nengrahar, Jalalabad, 05.04.1966, leg.: Povolny & Tenora, of propodeum quadrate (Figure 11e). Areola and petiolar Det: J. Sedivy. area not separated. Areola and petiolar area wide, covered Distribution in Iran: Khorasan-e Razavi (Barahoei et with dense transverse striation. Median longitudinal al., 2014). carinae weakly convergent in middle. Second lateral area Distribution: Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Canary punctate. Fore wing with vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Basal Islands, Iran, Turkey) and Kerman Provinces. abscissa of M+Cu pigmented. Ventral margins of the first Diagnosis (Male). Body 5.5 mm, fore wing 3.6 mm. tergite touching each other. Apex of ovipositor straight Temple short, weakly constricted behind eyes in lateral (Figure 11f). Body black; vertical, frontal, facial, and the view (Figure 10a). Clypeus with distinctly curved apical upper half of temporal orbits, the front edge of clypeus margin (Figure 10b). Malar space about 0.45× as long and mandibles, median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum as basal width of mandible. Eyes parallel. Lateral ocellus yellow. Scutellum whitish-yellow with black semicircle diameter longer than the distance between lateral ocellus patch basally. Fore and mid legs yellow. All coxae black and eye (Figure 10c). Mesoscutum with dense punctures basally. Hind legs black with yellowish patterns. Third (Figure 10d). Basal area of propodeum quadrate (Figure to seventh tergites blackish brown basally then whitish 10e). Areola and petiolar area not separated, narrow and yellow toward the apical and lateral edges. shine, covered with lightly transverse striation. Median Key to the species of the genus Temelucha in Iran longitudinal carinae convergent in the middle. Second 1. Propodeum mainly yellow and/or reddish, scutellum lateral area weakly striated. Fore wing with vein 2m-cu entirely yellow ...... 2 interstitial. Basal abscissa of M+Cu pigmented. Ventral - Propodeum entirely black, scutellum black or margins of the first tergite touching each other. Body entirely yellow ...... 10 yellowish-cream; antenna brownish. Occiput, frons 2. Propodeum short, dorsal outline of propodeum medially, area of ocelli and teeth of mandibles, median distinctly curved in lateral view ... T. lucida (Szépligeti, 1899) lobe and lateral lobes of mesoscutum black. Mesopleuron, - Propodeum long, the dorsal outline of propodeum metapleuron and propodeum black with brownish patch. very slightly curved in lateral view ...... 3 Legs yellow with brown patterns. Hind coxa black basally. 3. Mesosoma in lateral view long and narrow (2× as Tergites blackish-brown basally then yellow toward the long as wide), apex of ovipositor down-curved (Figure 9f) apical and lateral edges (Figure 10f)...... T. schoenobia (Thomson, 1890) Temelucha variipes (Szépligeti, 1899)* - Mesosoma in lateral view not as long and narrow Cremastus variipes Szépligeti, 1899. Természetrajzi (less than 2× as long as wide), apex of ovipositor straight Füzetek, 23 (1900): 5. Holotype ♀. — Hungarian Natural (Figure 3f) ...... 4 History Museum, Budapest. 4. Hind coxa basally with a black patch ...... 5 Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, Kermanshah - Hind coxa basally without a black patch ...... 6 Province, Bayangan, Dodan (35°00’26”N, 46°12’51”E, 967 5. Fore wing vein 2m-cu postfurcal. Lateral ocellus m), Malaise trap situated in orchard no 1, 15.07.2015; 1♀ shorter than the distance between lateral ocellus and eye (DPPZ), same collecting data, 30.04.2015, leg.: M. Zardouei (Figure 4c) ...... T. decorata (Gravenhorst, 1829) Heydari; “T. confluens(Gravenhorst)”, 1♀ (TMUC) Fars - Fore wing vein 2m-cu interstitial. Lateral ocellus Province, Noor-Abad (30°07‘03“N, 51°33‘48“E, 1695 m), large, its diameter longer than the distance between lateral 08.04.2014, Sweeping net, leg.: A. Amiri, Det: A. Amiri. ocellus and eye (Figure 10c) ...... T. tricolorata Šedivý, 1968 Distribution in Iran: Kerman and Kermanshah 6. Ocellus diameter longer than or at least as long as the Provinces. distance between lateral ocellus and eye ...... 7 Distribution: Palaearctic [Austria, Bosnia - Ocellus diameter shorter than the distance between Herzegovina, Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Denmark, lateral ocellus and eye ...... 9 Germany, Hungary, Iran (new record), Italy, Lithuania, 7. Lateral ocellus diameter about 3–4× as long as the Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Spain, distance between lateral ocellus and eye (Figure 5c) ...... Sweden, Turkey]...... T. flavia Vas, 2016 Diagnosis (Female). Body 6.0–8.5 mm, fore wing 4–6 . Lateral ocellus diameter as long as the distance mm, ovipositor 2.7–3.8 mm. Temple short, constricted between lateral ocellus and eye ...... 8 behind eyes in lateral view (Figure 11a). Clypeus with 8. Eyes parallel-sided in frontal view. Mesoscutum distinctly curved apical margin (Figure 11b). Malar space densely punctate. Notaulus distinct ...... about 1.45× as long as basal width of mandible. Eye slightly ...... T. afghana Šedivý, 1968 divergent ventrally. Lateral ocellus diameter shorter than - Eyes distinctly convergent in frontal view (Figure
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Figure 10. External morphological characters of Temelucha tricolorata Šedivý, 1968– Male: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
3b). Mesoscutum sparsely punctate. Notaulus indistinct ...... T. dorsonigra (Hedwig, 1957) (Figure 3d) ...... - Eyes divergent in frontal view, temple narrowed ...... T. convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani sp. nov. behind eye (0.35× as long as eye) ...... 9. Eyes parallel in frontal view, temple not narrowed ...... T. brunnemaculata Riedel et al., 2019 behind eye (1.1× as long as eye) ...... 10. Scutellum entirely black ...... 11
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Figure 11. External morphological characters of Temelucha variipes (Szepligeti, 1899)– Female: a) head, lateral view; b) head, frontal view; c) head, dorsal view; d) mesoscutum, dorsal view; e) propodeum, dorsal view; f) general habitus, lateral view.
- Scutellum entirely or partly yellow or brownish .... 17 - Basal abscissa of M+Cu in fore wing pigmented. 11. Basal abscissa of M+Cu in fore wing unpigmented. Lateral lobes of mesoscutum black ...... 12 Lateral lobes of mesoscutum usually brown. …T. minuta 12. Pterostigma strongly widened (in middle as wide (Morley, 1912) as long) and bicolored. Second discal cell equal to first
371 ZARDOUEI HEYDARI et al. / Turk J Zool subdiscal cell ...... T. persicator (Hedwig, 1957) is a different species belonging to the genusCremastus - Pterostigma narrower and unicolored. Second discal Gravenhorst. Another species, T. thoracica Kolarov, 1989, cell longer than the first subdiscal cell ...... 13 was listed in the key to the species of Iranian Cremastinae 13. Ventral margins of the first tergite not touching (Amiri et al., 2015), but we could not find any evidence each other. Apex of ovipositor slightly down-curved. that confirmed the existence of this species in Iran. The Anterior edge of clypeus straight (Figure 8b) ...... 14 specimens identified asT. confluens (Gravenhorst, 1829) - Ventral margins of the first tergite touching each and T. discoidalis (Szépligeti, 1899) are T. variipes and T. other. Apex of ovipositor sinuous (Figure 7f). Anterior decorata, respectively. Reexamination of the specimen edge of clypeus weakly convex (Figure 7b) ...... 15 that identified as “T afghana” (inAmiri et al. 2015) with 14. Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than the fore the holotype of T. afghana (MMBC) revealed significant wing. Clypeus convex in lateral view ...... differences indicating that is another species, described ...... T. caudata (Szépligeti, 1899) here as a new species T. convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani - Ovipositor sheath distinctly shorter than the fore sp. nov. wing. Clypeus flat in lateral view (Figure 8a) ...... The majority of previous studies were conducted in ...... T. pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982 south (Amiri et al., 2015), south west (Riedel et al., 2019), 15. Ovipositor apex straight ...... north (Masnadi-Yazdinejad and Jussila, 2009), north east ...... T. meridionellator Aubert, 1981 (Barahoei et al., 2014), west (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi - Ovipositor apex sinuous ...... 16 et al., 2016a), north west (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi 16. Scapus entirely dark brown ...... et al., 2016b, Riedel et al., 2019) and central (Riedel et ...... T. annulata (Szépligeti, 1899) al., 2019) parts of Iran. Our study added further records - Scapus with yellow coloration ...... of Temelucha species from eastern part of the country, as ...... T.ophthalmica (Holmgren, 1860) well. Five species (T. albipennis, T. flavia, T. ophthalmica, T. 17. Ovipositor with apex weakly down-curved pseudocaudata and T. variipes) are recorded from Iran for (Figure 3f) ...... 18 the first time. Based on the result of this study, number of - Ovipositor with apex straight (Figure 11f) ...... 19 Temelucha species in Iran raised to 18. 18. Mesosoma in lateral view long and narrow (2× Temelucha albipennis was only found in Sistan region as long as wide) (Figure 3f). The front edge of clypeus (Eastern Iran – new record) with warm and arid climate. weakly convex (Figure 3b). R1 in fore wing shorter than The finding of T. flavia in Iran indicated the first occurrence pterostigma. Scutellum partly yellow. Head not strongly of this species outside its type localities in Tunisia and constricted behind eyes in dorsal view ...... Jordan. All species listed in this study (except T. decorata ...... T. albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838) and T. minuta) are recorded only from the Palaearctic - Mesosomain lateral view not long and narrow ecozone. Temelucha decorata is distributed in Holarctic (less than 2× as long as wide). The front edge of clypeus region, and it is also widely distributed in Iran (Hormozgan, distinctly curved. R1 in fore wing longer than pterostigma. Kerman, Kermanshah, Qom and North Khorasan Scutellum entirely yellow. Head strongly constricted Provinces). Temelucha minuta is a species distributed in behind eyes in dorsal view ...... T. notata Kolarov, 1989 4 biogeographical regions (Afrotropical, Australasian, 19. Propodeum short, dorsal outline of propodeum Oriental and Palaearctic). Occurrence of this species in the distinctly curved in lateral view. Eyes parallel ...... Palaearctic region is limited to Cyprus and Iran...... T. lucida (Szépligeti, 1899) Iran has very diverse fauna and flora especially in - Propodeum long, the dorsal outline of propodeum northern and western regions, so we expect that the list of very slightly curved in lateral view. Eyes slightly divergent Iranian Temelucha is still incomplete and further studies ventrally (Figure 11b) ...... T. variipes (Szépligeti, 1899) should be conducted. Moreover, in order to identify the role of these parasitoids in natural biological control of 4. Discussion their hosts, further studies on their ecology are necessary. The previous records of 17 Temelucha species of Iran include 5 misidentified species (T. afghana, T. interruptor, Acknowledgments T. confluens, T. discoidalis. T. thoracica), so that only This research was supported by a grant from the University of 12 species including T. annulata, T. brunneomaculata, Zabol (No. UOZ-GR-9517-2) to ER. We would like to express T. caudata, T. decorata, T. dorsonigra, T. lucida, T. our cordially thanks to Dr. Ali Asghar Talebi (Department meridionellator, T. minuta, T. notata, T. persicator, T. of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran), schoenobia and T. tricolorata have been correctly recorded Dr. Zoltan Vas (Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural from Iran in the past. The specimen that identified as History Museum, Hymenoptera Collection) and Dr. Stefan “T. interruptor (Gravenhorst, 1829)” (Amiri et al. 2015) Schmidt (Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen
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Bayerns Zoologische Staatssammlung, Hymenoptera Amirinasab, Hossein Ali Derafshan, Mehri Vafaei, Zohair Collection) for their help to providing the opportunity to Sharifi, Behnam Motamedinia and Mostafa Ghafouri study the necessary specimens. Many thanks also to Najmeh Moghaddam for collecting the core material for this study.
References
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