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A Study of the Iranian Cremastinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

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A Study of the Iranian Cremastinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) J Insect Biodivers Syst 01(2): 87–100 ISSN: 2423-8112 JOURNAL OF INSECT BIODIVERSITY AND SYSTEMATICS Research Article http://jibs.modares.ac.ir http://zoobank.org/References/E9D0546D-ED55-49B4-AEDA-BFBA78B023C6 A study of the Iranian Cremastinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Abbas Amiri1, Ali Asghar Talebi1, Rejio Jussila2, Ehsan Rahkshani3 and 1 Hamidreza Hajiqanbar 1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115- 336, Tehran, I.R. Iran 2 Zoological Museum, Section of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, University of Turku, Finland 3 Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Zabol, 98615-538, I.R. Iran ABSTRACT. The subfamily Cremastinae Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Received: Ichneumonidae) was studied in Fars and Hormozgan provinces (southern 13 December 2015 Iran). The specimens were collected using Malaise traps and sweeping nets. Accepted: Nine species were identified of which two species including Temelucha afghana 03 January 2016 Šedivý, 1968 and Temelucha confluens (Gravenhorst, 1829) are new records for Published: the fauna of Iran. With result of this study, the number of Cremastinae species 03 January 2016 known from Iran has increased to 24 species in six genera. An identification Subject Editor: key to Iranian Cremastinae is provided, as well as a morphological diagnosis Samira Farahani for the newly recorded species. Key words: Cremastinae, Temelucha, Pristomerus, Iran Citation: Amiri, A., Talebi, A.A., Jussila, R., Rakhshani, E. and Hajiqanbar, H. 2015. A study of the Iranian Cremastinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 1(2): 87–100 Introduction 1965; Quicke 2015). They are koinobiont endoparasitoids, but the final instar larva The subfamily Cremastinae comprises emerges from the host and completes more than 750 described species feeding externally and almost consuming worldwide (Yu et al. 2012). The members of everything except the head capsule of the Cremastinae occur mainly in the arid host (Quicke 2015). The biology of some regions (Gauld 1984; Dasch 1979; Townes species of Cremastus Gravenhorst 1829 and 1965;). The Cremastinae are well known as Pristomerus Curtis 1836, which are important biological control agents of leaf- associated with codling moth, Cydia rollers, gall-makers, wood-borers and other pomonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: concealed living insect-larvae (Narolsky Tortricidae) were studied by Bradley and 2002). Most species are parasitoids of Burgess (1934). Hosts of Pristomerus are weakly concealed Lepidoptera, but at least Lepidoptera families such as Tortricidae, some of them attacking immature stages of Crambidae, Sesiidae and Oecophoridae Coleoptera in similar habitats (Townes Corresponding author: Ali Asghar Talebi, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © 2015, Amiri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 88 Cremastinae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) of Iran (Quicke 2015). Cremastinae of Iran have version 1.04. The specimens are deposited recently been investigated by several in the Collection of Department of researchers (Narolsky and Schönitzer 2003; Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University Kolarov and Ghahari 2005; Masnadi- (TMUC), Tehran, Iran. In the species list, Yazdinejad and Jussila 2009; Kishani the following data are included: valid taxa Farahani et al. 2010; Ghahari et al. 2010; names, synonyms, published records with Ghahari and Jussila 2010a, b, 2011a, b, c, d; provincial distribution in Iran and other Ghahari and Schwarz 2011; Barahoei et al. chorological data. Classification and the 2014; Sarafi et al. 2015) mainly in the north distributional data followed Yu et al. (2012). and northwest of Iran. The objective of this Some abbreviation used in redescription study as a part of our research is the survey new record species are as follows: OOL of Cremastinae fauna of some southern (Ocular ocellar line) = distance between regions of Iran. The results may be useful for future biological control of insect pests lateral ocellus and compound eye margin; and the ecological studies. POL (Posterior ocellar line) = distance between inner margins of the posterior Materials and Methods ocelli. Sampling was performed using Malaise Results traps and sweeping net at 22 locations in Fars and Hormozgan provinces from The results of this study and review of the February 2011 till August 2013. Different previously recorded taxa revealed the ecosystems such as forests, rangelands, existence of 24 species of Cremastinae desert plants and mangrove, fruit orchards belong to six genera in Iran, of them two (tropical and non-tropical trees) and agro- species including Temelucha afghana Šedivý, ecosystems were selected for sampling. The 1968 and T. confluens (Gravenhorst, 1829) captured specimens were extracted from are newly recorded for the Iranian fauna. the collecting jars irregularly with one or two week intervals, then treated with Key to the genera and species of Iranian mixture of ethanol (60%) /Xylene (40%) for Cremastinae two days, followed by Amyl acetate for two days (AXA) and finally placed on the 1. Second metasomal tergite with thyridium filter paper for drying (van Achterberg (Figs. 13, 14); hind femur with a tooth on 2009). The dried specimens were then card ventral surface (Fig. 18) (genus Pristomerus) …………………………………………………..…7 mounted and labeled. Morphological terminology follows - Second metasomal tergite without thyridium (Fig. 5); hind femur without a tooth on ventral Townes (1969) and Yoder et al. (2010). surface…………………………………………….2 Microsculpture terminology follows Eady (1968). Relevant literatures (Townes 1971; 2. Ventral margins of first metasomal tergite tend to touch sternite and thus sternite partly or Kasparyan 1981; Horstmann 1990; Kolarov mostly invisible ……………………….………...3 1997)) were used for identification of the - Ventral margins of first metasomal tergite specimens. Illustrations were taken using parallel and separated from sternite thus an OlympusTM SZX9 stereomicroscope sternite visible in its entire length ……..…..… 4 TM equipped with a Sony digital camera. A 3. Middle tibia with single spur (genus series of 7–10 captured images were Eucremastus), collar of pronotum unusual and merged into a single in-focus image using strongly enlarged dorsally……………..……….. the image-stacking software Zerene Stacker ……..……Eucremastus collaris Narolsky, 1990 Amiri et al. 89 - Middle tibia with two spurs (genus Temelucha) 10. Body length 4.0–6.0 mm; frons as wide as or ……………………………………….……….…11 slightly wider than face, occipital carina 4. Occipital carina complete or incomplete and indented in the middle …………………………... straight in dorsal parts; male paramer without ………… Pristomerus horribilis Narolsky, 1987 basal lobe ……………………………………… 5 - Body length 7.0–9.0 mm; frons slightly - Occipital carina incomplete and indented narrower than face, occipital carina not downwards in dorsal parts; male paramer with indented the middle …………………………….. basal lobe (genus Cremastus…………..……… 6 ……………. Pristomerus armatus (Lucas, 1849) 5. Occipital carina complete (genus Trathala); 11. Head and mesosoma in most parts light antennal flagellum with a gold ring (10–12th colored ………………………………..………... 12 segment), lower margin of clypeus simple, - Head and mesosoma in most parts dark ocelli normal; body reddish brown..........…….. colored ……………………………..…………... 17 …..Trathala hierochontica (Schmiedeknecht, 1910) 12. All coxae either with red or yellow color.. 13 - Occipital carina incomplete (genus Pharetrophora); antennal flagellum without gold - At least hind coxae partly dark colored ring, lower margin of clypeus with distinct ……………..……………………………………. 15 lamella, ocelli in both sexes large; body yellow 13. Second discoidal cell 1.5X as long as first with white spots……………………………….…. brachial cell ………………………………………. ..Pharetrophora iranica Narolsky & Schönitzer, 2003 .……….Temelucha schoenobia (Thomson, 1890) 6. Face entirely black, clypeus black, gena 1.5X - Second discoidal cell shorter than 1.5X length as long as basal width of mandible of the first brachial cell ……………..……….... 14 …………….…....Cremastus gigas Heinrich, 1953 14. Ocelli small, OOL longer than lateral ocelli - Face usually with yellow spots, clypeus diameter …………………………………………… yellow, gena shorter ….………………………… ………… Temelucha dorsonigra (Hedwig, 1957) ……..…Cremastus pungens Gravenhorst, 1829 - Ocelli large, lateral ocelli diameter 2.0X as 7. Nervellus broken at least at 0.85 or more of long as OOL …………………………………….16 its length or not broken; ovipositor sheath 2.0X as long as hind tibia……………………………… 15. Hind tarsal claws longer than arolium, fifth …...Pristomerus mesopotamicus Horstmann, 1990 tarsal segment 4.2X as long as wide …..….…..… …………...……Temelucha afghana Šedivý, 1968 - Nervellus broken at 0.65–0.8 of its length, ovipositor sheath shorter than 2.0X of hind - Hind tarsal claws as long as arolium, fifth tibia……………………..………………………...8 tarsal segment 3.2–3.4X as long as wide ……..… ……………. Temelucha observator Aubert 1966 8. At least half of post-petiole and second metasomal tergite not striate (Fig. 13); tooth of 16. Second recurrent vein interstitial hind femur slightly longer than basal width of …………….Temelucha tricolorata Šedivý, 1968 hind tibia, ovipositor sinuate at apex……...……. - Second recurrent vein postfurcal …………….. ………..…….Pristomerus
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