1 Inward State Visits Since 1952
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China Data Supplement
China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Hong Kong SAR
China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Swedish Royal Ancestry Book 4 1751-Present
GRANHOLM GENEALOGY SWEDISH ANCESTRY Recent Royalty (1751 - Present) INTRODUCTION Our Swedish ancestry is quite comprehensive as it covers a broad range of the history. For simplicity the information has been presented in four different books. Book 1 – Mythical to Viking Era (? – 1250) Book 2 – Folkunga Dynasty (1250 – 1523) Book 3 – Vasa Dynasty (1523 – 1751) Book 4 – Recent Royalty (1751 – Present) Book 4 covers the most recent history including the wars with Russia that eventually led to the loss of Finland to Russia and the emergence of Finland as an independent nation as well as the history of Sweden during World Wars I and II. A list is included showing our relationship with the royal family according to the lineage from Nils Kettilsson Vasa. The relationship with the spouses is also shown although these are from different ancestral lineages. Text is included for those which are highlighted in the list. Lars Granholm, November 2009 Recent Swedish Royalty Relationship to Lars Erik Granholm 1 Adolf Frederick King of Sweden b. 14 May 1710 Gottorp d. 1771 Stockholm (9th cousin, 10 times removed) m . Louisa Ulrika Queen of Sweden b. 24 July 1720 Berlin d. 16 July 1782 Swartsjö ( 2 2 n d c o u s i n , 1 1 times removed) 2 Frederick Adolf Prince of Sweden b. 1750 d. 1803 (10th cousin, 9 times removed) 2 . Sofia Albertina Princess of Sweden b, 1753 d. 1829 (10th cousin, 9 times removed) 2 . Charles XIII King of Sweden b. 1748 d. 1818 (10th cousin, 9 times removed) 2 Gustav III King of Sweden b. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement March 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 54 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 58 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 65 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 69 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Peacekeeping FM
Peacekeeping_4_v11.qxd 2/2/06 5:06 PM Page 82 4.1 Aceh, Indonesia The December 2004 tsunami offered an unex- 1945. Formed in 1976, the GAM, developed pected political opportunity for peacemaking in into a de facto government of the province the Indonesian province of Aceh, site of a long- with its own tax system and armed forces. running insurgency. The need to cooperate on a But from 1990 to 1998 the Indonesian army large-scale humanitarian operation brought and paramilitary forces mounted counterin- about tentative reconciliation between the gov- surgency operations, reportedly claiming one ernment of Indonesia and the separatist Free thousand lives. The 1998 fall of President Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka Haji Mohamed Suharto offered an opportu- [GAM]). A memorandum of understanding nity for peace—in 2001 Megawati Sukarno- signed on 15 August 2005 outlined steps in that putri gained the presidency on a platform that direction, including demilitarization and Indo- included peace in Aceh. nesian troop withdrawal. The European Union In December 2002, Indonesia and GAM and five members of the Association of South- signed a framework agreement on the cessa- east Asian Nations (ASEAN) deployed the 250- tion of hostilities, which included provisions strong Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) to ob- for third-party monitoring. After prolonged serve its implementation, which became opera- negotiations failed to achieve progress on tional on 15 September 2005. While the AMM’s Aceh’s political status, President Megawati mandate is limited, it is the EU’s first in Asia and authorized new military operations against the the first such collaboration between the EU and GAM in May 2003. -
The-Royal-Birthday-Calendar-Kopie-3
THE ROYAL PAGES.COM The Royal Birthday European Royal Houses C a l e n d a r January February March April 05 - King Juan Carlos I. of Spain (1938) 01 - Princess Stéphanie of Monaco (1965) 01 - Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence 10 - Princess Ariane of the Netherlands - Prince Vincent and Princess (1955) (2007) 08 05 - Crown Princess Mary of Denmark 15 - King Philippe of the Belgians (1960) Josephine of Denmark (2011) (1972) 02 - Prince Oscar of Sweden (2016) 09 - Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge 16 - Queen Margarethe II. of Denmark 06 - Princess Marie of Denmark (1976) 09 - Princess Adrienne of Sweden (2018) (1982) (1940) 14 - Prince Hans-Adam II. of 16 - Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg 20 - Sophie, Countess of Wessex (1965) 10 - Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex (1964) Liechtenstein (1945) (1955) 20 - Queen Mathilde of the Belgians (1973) 19 - Prince Andrew, Duke of York (1960) 14 - Prince Albert II. of Monaco (1958) 16 - Princess Eleonore of the Belgians (2008) 19 - Prince Alexander of Sweden (2016) 21 - Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway 20 - Princess Leonore of Sweden (2014) 22 - Grand Duchess Maria Teresa of (2004) 21 - Queen Elizabeth II. of the UK (1926) 21 - King Harald V. of Norway (1937) Luxembourg (1956) 23 - Princess Caroline of Hanover (1957) 21 - Princess Isabella of Denmark (2007) 23 - Princess Estelle of Sweden (2012) 23 - Princess Eugenie of York (1990) 23 - Prince Louis of Cambridge (2018) 25 - Princess Charlène of Monaco (1978) 26 - Prince Ernst August V. of Hanover 27 - King Willem of the Netherlands (1967) 30 - King Felipe VI. of Spain (1968) (1954) 29 - Infanta Sofia of Spain (2007) 31 - Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands 30 - King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (1946) (1938) May June July August 02 - Princess Charlotte of Cambridge (2015) 05 - Princess Astrid of the Belgians (1962) 04 - Queen Sonja of Norway (1937) 03 - Prince Louis of Luxembourg (1986) 04 - Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor 06 - King Albert II. -
Raymond Hare Interviewer: Dennis O’Brien Date of Interview: September 19, 1969 Place of Interview: Washington, D.C
Raymond Hare Oral History Interview – JFK #1, 09/19/69 Administrative Information Creator: Raymond Hare Interviewer: Dennis O’Brien Date of Interview: September 19, 1969 Place of Interview: Washington, D.C. Length: 39 pages (no page 17) Biographical Note Hare, Ambassador to Turkey (1961-1965), discusses his time in the Foreign Service, his term as Ambassador of Turkey, and Near East politics during the Kennedy administration, among other issues. Access Open. Usage Restrictions According to the deed of gift signed February 12, 1974, copyright of these materials has been assigned to the United States Government. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. The copyright law extends its protection to unpublished works from the moment of creation in a tangible form. -
Address Given by Martti Ahtisaari on Finland's Accession to the European Union (Tampere, 24 September 1994)
Address given by Martti Ahtisaari on Finland's accession to the European Union (Tampere, 24 September 1994) Caption: On 24 September 1994, one month before the referendum held in Finland on the country’s accession to the European Union, Martti Ahtisaari, President of Finland, gives his views on the issue of the country’s independence in the European Union. Source: Speech given by President Martti Ahtisaari in Tampere, September 24, 1994. [ON-LINE]. [Helsinki]: The President of the Republic of Finland 1994-2000, Updated 18.02.2000[28.07.2003]. Disponible sur http://www.valtioneuvosto.fi/tpk/eng/speeches/speech_texts-1994.html. Copyright: (c) President of the Republic of Finland 1994-2000 URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/address_given_by_martti_ahtisaari_on_finland_s_accession_to_the_european_union_tampere_2 4_september_1994-en-c995d6d2-217c-4a74-a1b6-d1789fa613f2.html Publication date: 04/09/2012 1 / 4 04/09/2012 Independent Finland and European Integration We are currently preparing ourselves for the referendum that will decide whether Finland becomes a member of the European Union. At the same time, the international community is gradually putting an end to a half century of political division. There are more support and potential now for cooperation and reconciliation than ever before. The international community now has a real chance to create a better and more secure tomorrow. Finland faces a historic choice. As a nation, we now find ourselves in the fortunate position of not being forced by any outsiders into making it. We really are the shapers of our own destiny. The coming advisory referendum will be the first we have ever arranged on a foreign policy issue. -
Portfolio Investment Opportunities in China Democratic Revolution in China, Was Launched There
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Investment Strategy The Great Wall of China In c. 220 BC, under Qin Shihuangdi (first emperor of the Qin dynasty), sections of earlier fortifications were joined together to form a united system to repel invasions from the north. Construction of the Great Wall continued for more than 16 centuries, up to the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), National Emblem of China creating the world's largest defense structure. Source: About.com, travelchinaguide.com. The design of the national emblem of the People's Republic of China shows Tiananmen under the light of five stars, and is framed with ears of grain and a cogwheel. Tiananmen is the symbol of modern China because the May 4th Movement of 1919, which marked the beginning of the new- Portfolio Investment Opportunities in China democratic revolution in China, was launched there. The meaning of the word David M. Darst, CFA Tiananmen is “Gate of Heavenly Succession.” On the emblem, the cogwheel and the ears of grain represent the working June 2011 class and the peasantry, respectively, and the five stars symbolize the solidarity of the various nationalities of China. The Han nationality makes up 92 percent of China’s total population, while the remaining eight percent are represented by over 50 nationalities, including: Mongol, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Bouyei, Korean, Manchu, Kazak, and Dai. Source: About.com, travelchinaguide.com. Please refer to important information, disclosures, and qualifications at the end of this material. Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Investment Strategy Table of Contents The Chinese Dynasties Section 1 Background Page 3 Length of Period Dynasty (or period) Extent of Period (Years) Section 2 Issues for Consideration Page 65 Xia c. -
ROYAL SCOUTS -5-, Denmark.)
1 R0YAL SCOUTS -4- © Piet J. Kroonenberg, Amsterdam, March, 2006. SWEDEN When in Sweden the first Scouting troops were founded members of the Royal Family showed an interest and got involved. One of them was Folke Bernadotte, Earl of Wisborg, (1895-1948), a cousin of King Gustaf V Adolf (1858-1950). He was one of the first Swedish Scouts and later played an important role in national and international Scouting. He served his country as a diplomat and during the 2e World War (1939-1945). He was vice-president of the Swedish Red Cross and visited, on behalf of the International Red Cross, in Germany the camps in which the soldiers of Western Allies were held as Prisoners of War. He came in contact with the notorious Nazi Heinrich Himmler, the Reichsfûhrer SS, responsible for the concentration and destruction camps. When in Spring 1945 Nazi Germany was on the verge of total collapse, thanks to this contact – after difficult negotiations - he was able to collect and save approximately 15.000 concentration camp inmates. With the well-known Swedish White Busses they were transported to neutral Sweden via Nazi occupied Denmark. In 1947, he was appointed as the United Nations mediator for Palestine, where, after the founding of the State of Israel war had broken out. In 1948 he succeeded in arranging an armistice between the Israeli’s and the surrounding Arab countries. But in Jerusalem, on September 17th 1948 Folke Bernadotte was assassinated by a zionist, underground group, which considered him to be too pro-Arab. When his burial procession moved through the streets of Stockholm members of the Swedish Red Cross and Scouts marched in the procession. -
The Great Survivors
THE GREAT SURVIVORS How Monarchy Made It into the Twenty-First Century Peter Conradi ALMA BOOKS ALMA BOOKS LTD London House 243–253 Lower Mortlake Road Richmond Surrey TW9 2LL United Kingdom www.almabooks.com First published in Great Britain by Alma Books Limited in 2012 Copyright © Peter Conradi, 2012 Cover and plate images © Corbis Peter Conradi asserts his moral right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 Printed in England by Antony Rowe Ltd Typesetting and eBook by Tetragon iSBn (Hardback): 978-1-84688-209-8 iSBn (Export edition): 978-1-84688-215-9 eBook iSBn : 978-1-84688-213-5 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the publisher. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not be resold, lent, hired out or otherwise circulated without the express prior consent of the publisher. CONTENTS Foreword 7 Introduction 9 Chapter 1: Who’s Who 15 Chapter 2: Coming and Going 31 Chapter 3: Of Pageantry and Political Power 48 Chapter 4: An Ordinary Day at Work 68 Chapter 5: Pomp, Circumstance and Paying the Bills 85 Chapter 6: Kings Behaving Badly 112 Chapter 7: Mistresses, Bastards and Maris complaisants 140 Chapter 8: In Search of the New Princess Grace 166 Chapter 9: Marrying into the Family 180 Chapter 10: Learning to Be a Monarch 200 Chapter 11: The Frog Who Turned into a Prince 225 and Other Fairy Tales Chapter 12: Playing the Waiting Game 255 Chapter 13: Spares and Spouses 265 Chapter 14: Letting in the Light 284 Chapter 15: Vive la République 314 Chapter 16: A Reign without End 331 AcknowledgementS 343 NoteS 345 Select BiBliography 359 Index 365 To Lisa, Alex and Matthew Foreword The Queen’s Diamond Jubilee year of 2012 has shone light not just on Elizabeth II and her sixty years on the throne, but also on the institution she heads. -
A Modern, Professional Monarch Profile of HRH FELIPE VI HM the King of Spain
SPAIN A modern, professional Monarch PROFILE OF HRH FELIPE VI HM THE KING OF SPAIN here is a word that comes to many people’s as cutting a leading figure in Ibero-American diplomacy, minds when they meet King Felipe VI King Felipe has recently engaged with the governments As well as of Spain: he is a professional. While the of Portugal, Saudi Arabia and Japan on official visits, reigning style of his father, King Juan Carlos, with his second mission to Morocco being discussed cutting a whoT abdicated three years ago, was remarkably colourful and the hope that he can represent Spain in Cuba as he improvised – often deploying his own charisma before the Castro era comes to an end in 2018 with the leading figure as a political tool – to guide Spain from dictatorship to announced resignation of Raúl Castro as president. Past democracy in the 1970s, Felipe was painstakingly groomed meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping, Russia’s in Ibero- for the job as a modern, meticulous head of state. Vladimir Putin and the leaders of both Israel and the Different eras require wholly different profiles. On Palestinian Authority have helped to forge the Spanish American taking up the throne on June 19, 2014, King Felipe king’s diplomatic mettle. promised his subjects “a renewed monarchy for new In the UK, King Felipe and Queen Letizia will be diplomacy, times”. With his consort, Queen Letizia, Spain’s first meeting with friends, following their presence at the monarch to take up the throne in the democratic era Duke and Duchess of Wessex’s wedding in 2011; and King Felipe has made the Royal Household more transparent in the family, given that the Spanish royal line also descends wake of the country’s corruption scandals, while also from Queen Victoria.