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Swedish Colonial News Volume 2, Number 1 Winter 2000 P Reserving the Legacy of the New Sweden Colony in America

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Swedish Colonial News Volume 2, Number 1 Winter 2000 P Reserving the Legacy of the New Sweden Colony in America Swedish Colonial News Volume 2, Number 1 Winter 2000 P reserving the legacy of the New Sweden Colony in America. Gloria Dei History Symposium The American Swedish Historical Museum Award, who will offer an illustrated look at the will host a Tercentenary Symposium focusing church’s architecture; Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, on Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church, Philadel- the author of both The 1693 Census of the Swedes phia on Saturday March 18, 2000 from 1-4 on the Delaware (1993) and The 1671 Census of p.m. Four speakers will discuss Gloria Dei the Delaware (1999), who will describe the Church’s history, project he is directing to translate and publish a rc h i t e c t u re, his- the documents of the church’s colonial history; torical context and Richard L. Waldron, Executive Director of and the pro j e c t the American Swedish Historical Museum, who now underway to will talk about the 18th century Swedish translate and pub- Lutheran mission that renewed the life of the lish a large collec- congregation. The symposium has been made tion of its docu- possible through the support of the ments. The spea- Pennsylvania Humanities Council. kers include Dr. At the same time, the museum and the con- K i m - E r i c gregation are jointly sponsoring a temporary Williams, a Coun- exhibition at the museum entitled Gloria Dei cillor of the 300 Years. Materials from the church’s collec- Swedish Colonial tions are presented to illustrate all three cen- Society and As- turies of its history. The exhibition examines the sistant Editor of church’s evolution from an 18th century mis- the Gloria Dei sion congregation of the Church of Sweden to R e c o rds Pro j e c t , its role as a parish of the Episcopal Church’s who will present a Diocese of Pennsylvania. h i s t o ry of the The American Swedish Historical Museum church; Penelope is located in F.D.R. Park at 1900 Pattison H. Batcheler, a Avenue in South Philadelphia, five blocks west f o rmer museum of the Sports Complex. It is easily accessible b o a rd member from I-95 or I-76 and has plenty of free parking. and recipient of The Broad Street subway is within walking dis- the Dr. Amandus tance. Regular hours are Tuesday-Friday, 10-4 Johnson Serv i c e p.m. and Saturday and Sunday, 12-4 p.m. The exterior of Gloria Dei Church after its 1999 restoration. In this Issue... ARCHITECTURE LUN C H E O N FOREFATHERS What Gloria Dei ME M B E R S For efathers Mil l e n n i u m 3 Church looked like Luncheon planned 5 for April 9, 2000 Pastor Andreas Rudman in 1700 Who belonged to 2 and his Family 4 Gloria Dei in 1700 Dr. Peter S. Craig Philadelphia, where they called on Vi c e FOREFATHERS Governor Markham on the 29th. Andreas Rudman, founder of Gloria Dei Rudman Chooses Wicaco Church, was born 3 November 1668 in Gävle, On the 30th of June, Rudman and Björk Gästrikland Province, Sweden, the son of Johan met with the Wicaco congregation to read the Pastor Augustison Rudolph and Magdalen Nilsdotter. messages they carried from the King and the After completing his studies and securing a Archbishop. They did the same at Crane Hook Andreas degree at the University of Uppsala and being on 2 July 1697. Rudman, as the senior pastor, ordained, Rudman was chosen by Archbishop chose the Wicaco congregation as his own. Rudman Swebelius and Dean Jesper Swedberg in Björk, therefore, became pastor at the other February 1696 as the pastor to lead the delega- church, then located at Crane Hook. Both of tion being sent by King Carl XI to serve the them gave their first sermons at their respective and his Swedish Lutheran congregations on the churches on 11 July 1697. Delaware. One of Rudman’s first duties was to Family At first, Rudman was reluctant to accept the become acquainted with his new congregation. offer. But, after being assured by the King that In the course of this, he met Elisabeth, the he would be rewarded with a good post in daughter of Peter Mattsson and Catharina Sweden after his time in America, Rudman Rambo. Rudman and Elisabeth Petersdotter agreed to take on the job. were married at her home on Mantua Creek in During the next several months, there were West Jersey on 4 May 1698. She was then twen- frustrating delays while two other ministers ty years old. (Eric Björk and Jonas Aurén) were selected and Builder of Gloria Dei ordained and all of the religious books were It was evident to both Rudman and Björk Anniversary Sunday assembled for the trip to America. Finally, in late that the old, dilapidated log churches at Wicaco July 1696, the party left Stockholm on the ship and Crane Hook were not adequate for the Palmboom, destined for London. congregations that they served. It was therefore On Sunday, May 7 at Arriving in London in early October 1696, decided, with the consent of the congregations, 10 am., Gloria Dei Rudman and his party were detained there for to replace them with new stone and brick edi- Church will mark its four months. During this time, on 3 December fices. The “lower congregation,” led by Björk, 300th Anniversary 1696, they called on Governor William Penn. soon agreed to build its new church at Christina with a special As Rudman wrote in his diary, “He very gra- (present Wilmington), but Rudman’s “upper Ce l e b r a t i o n . ciously gave us his opinion and promised us his congregation” split into factions, with some protection. He also gave much good advice as favoring Wicaco, others Passyunk. to our management and conduct there, and Unable to bring unity to his congregation, promised us a recommendation to his deputy Rudman concluded his sermon on 31 July 1698 governor [William Markham].” with the announcement that he had decided to Sails to America leave them. He bid them farewell and moved to Rudman, Björk, Aurén and their assistant, a Christina, planning to return to Sweden. lad named Jonas Bjürström, boarded the ship This announcement, plus an impassioned Jeffries at Blackwell, 4 Feb. 1697. After four sermon by Björk at the Wicaco church on 28 months at sea, the ship anchored in the James August 1698, caused the “upper congregation” River in Virginia on 3 June 1697. The four to agree to end their internal differences, to Swedes stayed with the ship until it reached renew their pledges to build a new church and Annapolis on the 19th of June. Then, after to leave the decision-making on the new church being generously entertained by Govern o r to the pastors. Rudman thereupon returned to Francis Nicholson for four days, they departed Wicaco and resumed his duties. on a smaller ship for the Elk River. On the 24th, For the next two years, Rudman labored Gloria Dei Church, they arrived at the Swedish settlement known as hard to bring the new church into being at pen and ink sketch Sahakitko, located at the Head of Elk (present Wicaco. The first contracts were signed in by Thornton Elkton, Maryland). October 1698. The church was sufficiently fin- Oa k l e y , 1941, in The residents of Sahakitko quickly sent ished to permit its formal consecration on w o rd to their Swedish neighbors on the Sunday, 2 June 1700. Rudman had consecrated the collection of Delaware of the ministers’ arrival. Soon, men, Holy Trinity Church at Christina the year the American horses and carts assembled to escort Rudman before. Björk did the honors at Wicaco. The Swedish Historical and his colleagues to Crane Hook, where new church was christened Gloria Dei (Glory to Mu s e u m , Rudman and Björk conducted a short prayer God). Ph i l a d e l p h i a . and thanksgiving for their safe arrival on June continued on page 6 27th. On the next day, they journeyed to 2 Swedish Colonial News Rudman’s Description of Gloria Dei Church as it Looked in 1700 Work on the Gloria Dei Records Project has He added that on the western side, “a tower wall yielded a letter, written 20 November 1700, by was begun which now remains unfinished until ARCHITECTURE Pastor Andreas Rudman, giving his own descrip- the dear God is pleased to open some means for Dr. Peter S. Craig tion of Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church, which, a bell.” in translation, rea d s : Both the Wicaco and Christina congreg a - “The church is 60 feet long, 30 feet wide, tions laid claim to the old bell from the log and 20 feet high. The roof is made of cedar shin- ch u r ch at Tinicum. To resolve this conflict, a sea gles, 18,000 of them. There are six windows, captain named Trent gave one of his ship’s bells th r ee on each side, 12 feet high. The whole inte- to the Christina church and the church bell from rior is covered with plaster, although the ceiling Tinicum was hung at Gloria Dei. was first secured with lathes. In 1702, Pastor Andreas Sandel, who “On each side the pews are arranged in two replaced Rudman, rep o r ted that Gloria Dei “is a qu a r ters, and in addition there is a lengthwise ve r y fine church, with six large windows, brick pew under the windows, with an aisle between walls, pews made of cedar, and a pulpit of walnut.
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