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Stone Preservatives : Methods of Laboratory Testing and Preliminary
°" <*« <">, \ tf'V, CO NBS TECHNICAL NOTE 941 \ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Bureau of Standards Stone Preservatives: Methods of Laboratory Testing and Preliminary Performance Criteria ,2 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS 1 The National Bureau of Standards was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to pro- mote public safety. The Bureau consists of the Institute for Basic Standards, the Institute for Materials Research, the Institute for Applied Technology, the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, the Office for Information Programs, and the Office of Experimental Technology Incentives Program. THE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS provides the central basis within the United States of a complete and consist- ent system of physical measurement; coordinates that system with measurement systems of other nations; and furnishes essen- tial services leading to accurate and uniform physical measurements throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce. The Institute consists of the Office of Measurement Services, and the following center and divisions: Applied Mathematics — Electricity — Mechanics -
Portland Stone: a Nomination for “Global Heritage Stone Resource” from the United Kingdom
221 by T. Hughes1 G.K. Lott2, M.J. Poultney3 and B.J. Cooper4 Portland Stone: A nomination for “Global Heritage Stone Resource” from the United Kingdom 1 Slate and Stone Consultants, Ceunant, Caenarfon, Gwynedd LL55 4SA, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 2 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Albion Stone plc, Robert Denholm House, Bletchingley Road, Nutfield, Surrey RH1 4HW, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Barbara Hardy Institute, School of Natural & Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Portland Stone, a well known ooidal limestone of Criteria for GHSR recognition Jurassic age from the United Kingdom is here nominated The defining characteristics of a GHSR are succinctly addressed as a suitable “Global Heritage Stone Resource”. in the HSTG “Terms of Reference” that have been approved, following Portland Stone is considered to ideally fit the newly wide consultation, by IUGS at its Executive Committee Meeting in proposed designation as it has been utilised since Roman San Sebastian, Spain in February 2012. times in England and since the Middle Ages in the An approved GHSR nominee must have a cultural history construction of major historic buildings including St encompassing a significant period. The HSTG Terms of Reference advise that this period must be at least 50 years. Also crucial is that a Pauls Cathedral, British Museum and Bank of England GHSR needs to have been utilised in significant works, be they in in London. It was also the preferred building stone of Sir buildings, sculpture or utilitarian applications. -
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 119 998 an Act to Declare a National Policy
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 119 998 SE 020 412 TITLE An Act to Declare a National Policy of Coordinating the Increasing Use of the Metric System in the United States, and to Establish a United States Metric Board to Coordinate the Voluntary Conversion to the Metric System. Public Law 94-168, Ninety-Fourth Congress, H. R. 8674, December 23, 1975. INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C. House. PUB DATE 23 Dec 75 NOTE 7p.; Not availalbe in hard copy due to small print EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 Plus Postage. HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Curriculum; Elementary Secondary Education; *Federal Legislation; *Mathematics Education; *Measurement; *Metric System; *Public Education; Vocabulary IDENTIFIERS Congressional Record; *Metric Conversion Act 1975 ABSTRACT The Metric Conversion Act of 1975 was passed on December 23, 1975; the act is printed in full in this document, which is excerpted from the Congressional Record. The act provides for the establishment of a 17-member Metric Board, and charges the board with responsibility for devising and executing a program of planning, coordination, and public education. Specifically, the board is to consult with representatives of industries, agencies, and interest groups which are concerned with metrication; plan, facilitate, and publicize conversion programs; and consult with international organizations concerning recognition of United States metric standards. In the area of education the board is obliged to conduct public information programs, and consult with governmental agencies concerned with education to insure that the metric system is included in the curriculum. The board is also charged with conducting periodic research concerning the effectiveness of conversi,,ni (SD) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. -
Stone County Zoning Regulations – Table of Contents
Stone County Zoning Regulations Amendments current through June 10 2014 Stone County Zoning Regulations – Table of Contents Article 1, Title, Intent, Definitions Section 1 Title …………………………………………………....... Article 1, Page 1 Section 2 Purpose and Legislative Intent ………………………….. Article 1, Page 1 Section 3 Definitions, Interpretations, Standards …………….......... Article 1, Page 1 Section 4 Uniformity within Zoning Districts…………………….... Article 1, Page 2 Section 5 Definitions……………………………………………...... Article 1, Page 2 Article 2, Districts and Boundaries Thereof Section 1 District Divisions ………………………………………... Article 2, Page 1 Section 2 Boundaries Established By Zoning Map………………… Article 2, Page 1 Section 3 District Boundaries Intended to Follow Property Line….. Article 2, Page 1 Section 4 District Boundary Line and Other District Requirements.. Article 2, Page 2 Section 5 District Boundary Line Questions Determined by Board of Adjustment…………………..... Article 2, Page 2 Section 6 Vacation of Public Way Expands Adjacent Districts…..... Article 2, Page 2 Section 7 Disincorporation of Territory Reverts to A-1 District ….. Article 2, Page 2 Section 8 F-1 Flood Plain Overlay District ………………………... Article 2, Page 2 Article 3, General Provisions Section 1 Conformance Required………………………………...... Article 3, Page 1 Section 2 Continued Existing Uses……………………………….... Article 3, Page 1 Section 3 Agriculture……………………………………………..... Article 3, Page 1 Section 4 Public Utilities………………………………………....… Article 3, Page 1 Section 5 Outdoor Advertising……………………………………... Article 3, Page 1 Section 6 Flood Plain Overlay District…………………………….. Article 3, Page 1 Section 7 Retail Establishment and Places of Entertainment………. Article 3, Page 2 Section 8 Nonconforming Use or Buildings……………………….. Article 3, Page 2 Section 9 Conversion of Dwellings……………………………….... Article 3, Page 3 Section 10 Accessory Buildings in All Districts………………….. -
Non-Destructive Field Tests in Stone Conservation
Final Report for the Research and Development Project Non-Destructive Field Tests in Stone Conservation Field and Laboratory Tests Rapport från Riksantikvarieämbetet 2006:4 Final Report for the Research and Development Project Non-Destructive Field Tests in Stone Conservation Field and Laboratory Tests Rapport från Riksantikvarieämbetet 2006:4 Hélène Svahn Riksantikvarieämbetet PO-Box 5405, SE-114 84 Stockholm, Sweden Phone +46-8-5191 8000 Fax +46-8-5191 8083 www.raa.se [email protected] Project participants The National Heritage Board Misa Asp Ragnhild Claesson Runo Löfvendahl Swedish National Testing and Research Institute Katarina Malaga Photos Hélène Svahn. Page 25: Katarina Malaga. Layout Alice Sunnebäck Language editing Sue Glover Frykman © 2006 Riksantikvarieämbetet 1:1 ISSN 1651-1298 ISBN 13: 978-91-7209-435-2 ISBN 10: 91-7209-435-4 Print 08 Tryck, Bromma 2006 Contents 1. Summary 5 7. Description of the Field Tests 20 1.1 Summary of Field and Laboratory Tests 5 7.1 Description of the Field Tests 20 7.2 Weather Conditions 20 2. Introduction 7 7.3 Methodology and Instruments 20 2.1 Objectives of the Project 7 7.4 The Chosen Sites 25 2.2 Project Background 7 2.3 Description of the Project 7 8. Results 43 2.4 People Contacted 8 8.1 Results from the Field Test 43 8.2 Results of the Laboratory Studies 45 3. Gotland Sandstone – Use and Characteristics 9 3.1 Mineralogy and Chemistry of Gotland Sandstone 9 9. Discussion 47 3.2 Its Occurrence in Nature 9 9.1 Problems and Trends 47 3.3 Use as ”Cultural Stone”: Building and Sculptural 9.2 Further Research 48 Stone 9 10. -
Colorado Metric Conversion Manual
COLORADO OT . DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION METRIC CONVERSION MANUAL January 1994 This manual or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without the following disclaimer. The information presented in this publication haS been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering principles and is for general information only. While it is believed to be accurate, this information should not be used or relied upon for any specific application without competent professional examination and verification of its accuracy, suitability, and applicability by a competent licensed engineer or other licensed professional. Publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) , that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or of freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability arising from such use. Caution must be exercised when relying upon the specifications and codes developed by other bodies and incorporated herein, since such material may be modified or amended from time to time subsequent to the printing of this edition. COOT bears no responsibility for such material other than to incorporate it at the time of the initial publication of this edition, subject to the general comments set forth in the preceding paragraph. Table of Contents Preface ................................................... v Introduction . vii Chapter 1: Metric Units, Terms, Symbols, and Conversion Factors . ... 1-1 Basic Metric . 1-1 Length, Area, Volume and Temperature . 1-7 Civil and Structural Engineering . 1-10 Metric Project Definition ....................... .. 1-12 Chapter 2: Right-Of-Way ................................... -
Imperial Units
Imperial units From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the post-1824 measures used in the British Empire and countries in the British sphere of influence. For the units used in England before 1824, see English units. For the system of weight, see Avoirdupois. For United States customary units, see Customary units . Imperial units or the imperial system is a system of units, first defined in the British Weights and Measures Act of 1824, later refined (until 1959) and reduced. The system came into official use across the British Empire. By the late 20th century most nations of the former empire had officially adopted the metric system as their main system of measurement. The former Weights and Measures office in Seven Sisters, London. Contents [hide] • 1 Relation to other systems • 2 Units ○ 2.1 Length ○ 2.2 Area ○ 2.3 Volume 2.3.1 British apothecaries ' volume measures ○ 2.4 Mass • 3 Current use of imperial units ○ 3.1 United Kingdom ○ 3.2 Canada ○ 3.3 Australia ○ 3.4 Republic of Ireland ○ 3.5 Other countries • 4 See also • 5 References • 6 External links [edit] Relation to other systems The imperial system is one of many systems of English or foot-pound-second units, so named because of the base units of length, mass and time. Although most of the units are defined in more than one system, some subsidiary units were used to a much greater extent, or for different purposes, in one area rather than the other. The distinctions between these systems are often not drawn precisely. -
Dimensions and Units English Units of Measurement Units of Weight
English units of measurement Today: A system of weights and measures used in a few nations, the only major industrial one Chapter 6 continued: being the United States. It actually consists of Dimensions and Units two related systems—the U.S. Customary System of units, used in the United States and dependencies, and the British Imperial System. Units of Weight The pound (lb) is the basic unit of weight (which is proportional to mass) (how?). Within the English units of measurement there are three different systems of weights. In the avoirdupois system, the most widely used of Question: the three, the pound is divided into 16 ounces (oz) and the ounce into 16 drams. The ton, used Is there a problem? to measure large masses, is equal to 2,000 lb (short ton) or 2,240 lb (long ton). In Great Britain the stone, equal to 14 lb, is also used. “weight is proportional to mass.” Answer: You need to be aware of Force = Mass* Acceleration the law governing that proportionality: Newton’s Law Acceleration is NOT a constant, mass is. Force = Mass* Acceleration Even on earth, g = 9.81 m/s2 is NOT constant, but varies with latitude and Question: elevation. Is there a problem? “weight is proportional to mass.” “weight is proportional to mass.” 1 Another problem arises from the A mass is NEVER a “weight”. common intermingling of the terms “mass” and “weight”, as in: Force = Mass* Acceleration “How much does a pound of mass weigh?” Or: “If you don’t know whether it’s pound- “Weight” = Force mass or pound-weight, simply say pounds.” “Weight” = Force Forces in SI Units …because on earth all masses are 2 exposed to gravity. -
DOCUMENT RESUME BD 090 028 SE 017 598 TITLE Metric
DOCUMENT RESUME BD 090 028 SE 017 598 TITLE Metric Conversion Act of 1973. Hearing Before the Committee on Commerce, United States Senate, 93rd Congress, First Session on S. 100. INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C. Senate Committee on Commerce. PUB DATE 2 Nov 73 NOTE 94p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.75 HC-$4.20 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTCRS *Economic Factors; *Federal Legislation; Government Publications; Mathematics Education; *Measurement; *Metric System; Reference Materials; Standards ABSTRACT The complete text of the Senate till to make the metric system the predominate system of measurement in the U.S. is given. Next follows testimony of witnesses: Senators, governmental agencies, representatives of labor unions and industries and the director of the National Bureau of Standards. Also included are some letters from other interested sources, including several educators. (LS) METRIC CONVERSION ACT OF 1973 U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, CC) EDUCATION A WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF C\I EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN NEPRO CD DUCED E.H'TLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSONONORGANIZATION ORIGIN C:::) ATiNG IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NFCESSARILY REPRE a- HEARING SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CD BEFORE THE EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE UNITED STATES SENATE NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON S. 100 TO PROVIDE A NATIONAL PROGRAM IN ORDER TO MAKE THE INTERNATIONAL METRIC SYSTEM THE PREDOMI- NANT BUT NOT EXCLUSIVE SYSTEM OF MEASUREMENT IN THE UNITED STATES AND TO PROVIDE FOR CONVERT- ING TO THE GENERAL USE OF SUCH SYSTEM WITHIN TEN YEARS NOVEMBER 2, 1973 Serial No. 93-50 Printed for the use of the Committee on Commerce U.S. -
Stone Testing
Stone Testing An excerpt from the Dimension Stone Design Manual, Version VIII (May 2016) Produced and Published by the Marble Institute of America 380 East Lorain St. Oberlin, Ohio 44074 Telephone: 440-250-9222 Fax: 440-774-9222 www.naturalstoneinstitute.org © 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by means electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or by an information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the Natural Stone Institute. Stone Testing slicing the stone thin with an ultraprecision, thin-blade diamond saw. The stone slice on a slide is then precision-ground to a precise 1.0 INTRODUCTION thickness of about 20 to 30 microns. At that thickness most minerals, regardless of color, 1.1 General. Testing evaluates the are translucent and can be studied under a suitability of a specific stone for a particular microscope. In this way minerals can be application. The strength of the stone is tested identified, the crystal or fragment boundaries to determine its resistance to crushing and can be evaluated, and incipient microfractures bending. The density, or specific gravity, is can be seen, as can any chemical degradation tested to design a support system capable of that may weaken stone, permit water entry, or carrying the weight of the stone. The amount allow unanticipated breakup. of water the stone will absorb (absorption rate) will help determine the resistance of the stone 1.3.2 Exact identification of the minerals by to staining and freezing. The stone’s wear thin section is a subjective, experience-based resistance and slip resistance are crucial in skill and is largely being replaced by exact flooring applications. -
Metrication Leaders Guide 2009
Metrication Leaders Guide This resource book will help make your inevitable upgrade to the metric system easy, smooth, cheap, and fast. Pat Naughtin 2009 2 of 89 Make your upgrade to the metric system easy, smooth, cheap, and fast Decision making for metrication leaders !! " ! # $ Appendices % & % ! !! ' ! ( )% ' !* " " + , -&..)--/& , - ,$ # ! ,, 0 * + # ( http://metricationmatters.com [email protected] 3 of 89 Make your upgrade to the metric system easy, smooth, cheap, and fast. Deciding on a metrication program confirms that you are a metrication leader – not a follower. You have the courage to stand aside from the crowd, decide what you think is best for yourself and for others, and you are prepared to differ from other people in your class, your work group, your company, or your industry. As a metrication leader, you will soon discover three things: 1 Metrication is technically a simple process. 2 Metrication doesn't take long if you pursue a planned and timed program. 3 Metrication can provoke deeply felt anti-metrication emotions in people who have had no measurement experience with metric measures, or people who have difficulty with change. The first two encourage confidence – it's simple and it won't take long – but the third factor can give you an intense feeling of isolation when you first begin your metrication program. You feel you are learning a new language (you are – a new measuring language), while people around you not only refuse to learn this language, but will do what they can to prevent you from growing and from making progressive developments in your life. The purpose of this book is to give you some supporting arguments to use in your metrication process. -
Voluntary Metric Labeling Will Be Implemented: Concerns and Benefits
DECEMBER 2009 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 2 THE METRIC SYSTEM IS THE PREFERRED MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR TRADE AND COMMERCE IN THE UNITED STATES AND AROUND THE WORLD he United States adopted the metric system1 for use in trade and commerce in 1866. In 1975 Congress adopted the Metric Conversion Act declaring that the transition to the metric system would be T voluntary. In 1988 Congress declared that the metric system was the preferred system of measurement for trade and commerce for this country but it failed to eliminate all of the legal barriers to its use. In 1992 Congress amended the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (FPLA) to require metric units on packaged goods so consumers would become familiar with those quantities. Under the current FPLA,2 the net quantity of contents declarations on packages of consumer goods must include both inch‐pound and metric units (“dual‐units” labeling). The purpose of the proposed amendment to FPLA that is shown below is to give packagers the option of displaying only metric units in the net quantity of contents statements on packages. The proposal includes a provision to allow the Secretary of Commerce to provide national coordination of industry conversion on a sector by sector basis to ensure uniformity. The proposal would allow packagers to continue to also display inch‐pound units on packages indefinitely. Prior to 1992, the FPLA required a declaration of quantity to be in inch‐pound units as a dual quantity statement. This meant that a package had to include both ounces and the largest whole unit (e.g., 32 ounces [2 lb]) in the net quantity statement, and ounces had to be primary or listed first.