B. Sc. (Hons.) Zoology
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Pacific Plate Biogeography, with Special Reference to Shorefishes
Pacific Plate Biogeography, with Special Reference to Shorefishes VICTOR G. SPRINGER m SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 367 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoo/ogy Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world cf science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. -
Host Specificity of Sacculina Carcini, a Potential Biological Control Agent of the Introduced European Green Crab Carcinus Maena
Biological Invasions (2005) 7: 895–912 Ó Springer 2005 DOI 10.1007/s10530-003-2981-0 Host specificity of Sacculina carcini, a potential biological control agent of the introduced European green crab Carcinus maenas in California Jeffrey H.R. Goddard1, Mark E. Torchin2, Armand M. Kuris2 & Kevin D. Lafferty3,2,* 1Marine Science Institute, 2Marine Science Institute and Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, 3Western Ecological Research Center, US Geological Survey, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; *Author for correspondence (e-mail: laff[email protected]; fax: +1-805-893-8062) Received 3 July 2003; accepted in revised form 2 December 2003 Key words: biological control, Carcinus maenas, Hemigrapsus nudus, Hemigrapsus oregonensis, host response, host specificity, Pachygrapsus crassipes, Sacculina carcini Abstract The European green crab, Carcinus maenas, is an introduced marine predator established on the west coast of North America. We conducted laboratory experiments on the host specificity of a natural enemy of the green crab, the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini, to provide information on the safety of its use as a possible biological control agent. Four species of non-target, native California crabs (Hemi- grapsus oregonensis, H. nudus, Pachygrapsus crassipes and Cancer magister) were exposed to infective lar- vae of S. carcini. Settlement by S. carcini on the four native species ranged from 33 to 53%, compared to 79% for green crabs. Overall, cyprid larvae tended to settle in higher numbers on individual green crabs than on either C. magister or H. oregonensis. However, for C. magister this difference was signifi- cant for soft-shelled, but not hard-shelled individuals. -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections [Vol
NEW GENERA OF RECENT FREE CRINOIDS By AUSTIN HOBART CLARK Assistant, Bureau of Fisheries Since the publication of Dr. P. H. Carpenter's great monograph on the recent unstalked crinoids in 1888, the group has received very- little attention from systematists, probably because of the rarity of most of the species and the difficulty in getting together representative material of even the more common ones. Dr. Carpenter included in the family Comatulidse the genera Thaumatocrinus, Eudiocrinus, Promachocrinus (including the subsequently differentiated Decame- trocrinus), Atelecrinus, Antedon, Comatula (=Actinometra) , and Thiolliericrinus. All of these, with the exception of Antedon and Comatula, are comparatively small, strictly homogeneous genera; with them, however, the case is quite different. The genus Antedon was divided by Dr. Carpenter into four "series," and all but the first series into two or more "groups," the characters used in the differ- entiation of the groups and series being (1) the character of the joint between the costals, (2) the number of arms, (3) the number of the distichals, (4) the character of the lower pinnules, (5) the development or absence of covering plates on the ambulacra, and (6) the rounded or "wall-sided" character of the costals and lower brachials. Of all these characters, the first alone is the only one not common to two or more of his series or groups, as diagnosed by him. Taking No. 2, for instance, five of his groups and also several unassigned species are ten-armed ; all the rest have more than ten arms. A number of single species have both ten and more than ten arms, as a result of purely individual variation. -
Influence of Infection by Sacculina Carcini (Cirripedia, Rhizocephala)
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 446 (2013) 209–215 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jembe Influence of infection by Sacculina carcini (Cirripedia, Rhizocephala) on consumption rate and prey size selection in the shore crab Carcinus maenas Martin H. Larsen a, Jens T. Høeg b, Kim N. Mouritsen a,⁎ a Department of Bioscience, Marine Ecology, University of Aarhus, Ole Worms Allé 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark b Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark article info abstract Article history: Parasites generally influence the feeding behavior of their host and may therefore indirectly impact ecosystem Received 26 March 2013 structure and functioning if the host plays an ecological key role. The ecologically important shore crab Received in revised form 30 May 2013 (Carcinus maenas) is commonly infected by the rhizocephalan parasite Sacculina carcini that aside from Accepted 31 May 2013 inflicting behavioral change, castration and ceased molting, also feminizes its male host morphologically. Available online xxxx The latter results in reduced cheliped size, and, together with the other parasite-induced effects, this may potentially impact host feeding behavior. In two separate laboratory experiments, we offered infected and Keywords: Community structure uninfected adult male crabs respectively ad libitum small, easy-to-handle blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) Feeding behavior (10–15 mm in shell-length), and a limited, size-structured prey population (15–45 mm in shell-length; Feminization seven size-classes, ten mussels per class) during 10–15 days. -
Bangor University DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY Aspects of The
Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Aspects of the biology of Sacculina carcini (Crustacea: cirripeda: rhizocephala), with particular emphasis on the larval energy budget. Collis, Sarah Anne Award date: 1991 Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 09. Oct. 2021 ASPECTSOF THE BIOLOGY OF SACCULINA CARCINI (CRUSTACEA: CIRRIPEDIA: RHIZOCEPHALA), WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE LARVAL ENERGY BUDGET 0 A thesis submitted to the University of Wales by SARAH ANNE COLLIS B. Sc. in candidature for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor e^ýt Yo,1 w4 "yLFýa YT 'a x'. ^ -""t "ý ý' 1i4" ': . ': T !E CONSUL t LIAiY '`. University College of North Wales, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, Gwynedd. LL59 5EY. ý''ý September, 1991 Kentrogon's a crippled imp, uncanny, lacking kin, The ' stabbing seed 'a Cypris made by shrinking from her skin, - A Cyprus? Nay, a fiend that borrowed Cyprid feet and mask, To cast them off when he had plied his victim-hunting task. -
Synchronism of Naupliar Development of Sacculina Carcini Thompson
Trédez et al. Helgol Mar Res (2016) 70:26 DOI 10.1186/s10152-016-0479-2 Helgoland Marine Research ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Synchronism of naupliar development of Sacculina carcini Thompson, 1836 (Pancrustacea, Rhizocephala) revealed by precise monitoring Fabien Trédez, Nicolas Rabet, Laure Bellec and Fabienne Audebert* Abstract Sacculina carcini is member of a highly-specialized group of parasitic cirripeds (Rhizocephala) that use crabs (Carcinus maenas) as hosts to carry out the reproductive phase of their life cycle. We describe the naupliar development of S. carcini Thompson, 1836 from a very precise monitoring of three different broods from three specimens. Nauplii were sampled every 4 h, from the release of the larvae until the cypris stage. Larval development, from naupliar instar 1 to the cypris stage, lasts 108 h at 18 °C. A rigorous sampling allowed us to describe an additional intermediate naupliar instar, not described previously. Naupliar instars are renumbered from 1 to 5. Nauplius 1 (N1) larvae hatch in the interna; N2 are released from the interna and last between 12 and 16 h; N3 appear between 12 and 16 h after release; N4 appear between 28 and 32 h; and N5 appear between 44 and 48 h. The cypris stage appears between 108 and 112 h. The redescribed morphologies allowed us to identify new characters. Antennular setation discriminates nau- pliar instars 3, 4 and 5. Telson and furca morphologies discriminate all naupliar instars. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the speed of larval development is similar within a single brood and between broods from different specimens, suggesting synchronization of larval development. -
External Morphology of Sacculina Leptodiae
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. ISSN 1110 – 6131 Vol. 25(1): 331 – 349 (2021) www.ejabf.journals.ekb.eg External morphology of Sacculina leptodiae (Sacculinidae: Rhizocephala) parasitizing the xanthid crab, Leptodius exaratus (Xanthidae: Brachyura) from the coasts of the Red Sea, Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba, Egypt Ahmed M.Hassan1, Awaad A.M. El-Sayed2*, Mohamed A. Amer2 and Maged M.A. Fouda3&4 1; Private Researcher in SAMCO Company, Egypt. 2; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. 3; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Asyut Branch, Egypt. 4; Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia. *Corresponding Author: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: A total of 41 externae (35 single and 3 double) of the parasitic sacculind, Received: Jan. 6, 2021 Sacculina leptodiae (Sacculindae: Rhizocephala) were investigated during Accepted: Jan. 18, 2021 this study. They were obtained from 38 individuals (23 males and 15 Online: Jan. 22, 2021 females) of the xanthid crab, Leptodius exaratus (Xanthidae: Brachyura) _______________ collected from the Egyptian coasts of the Red Sea and Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba. The rate of infection represented 5.50% of all populations (691 Keywords: individuals, 400 males and 291 females) and was slightly higher in males Rhizocephala, (5.75 %) than in females (5.15 %). The single 35 externae represented 92.11 Scculina, %, compared with only 3 individuals have double externae represented 7.89 Leptodius exaratus, %. The externae of this parasite were extruded on the abdomens of infected Red Sea, crabs, each was attaching with its interna (rootlets) in the internal body Gulf of Suez, cavity of the host via a very short stalk or peduncle. -
Antedon Petasus (Fig
The genus Antedon (Crinoidea, Echinodermata): an example of evolution through vicariance Hemery Lenaïg 1, Eléaume Marc 1, Chevaldonné Pierre 2, Dettaï Agnès 3, Améziane Nadia 1 1. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques Introduction UMR 5178 - BOME, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris, France 2. Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, Station Marine d’Endoume, CNRS-UMR 6540 DIMAR Chemin de la batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille, France 3. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution The crinoid genus Antedon is polyphyletic and assigned to the polyphyletic family UMR 7138, CP 26, 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris, France Antedonidae (Hemery et al., 2009). This genus includes about sixteen species separated into two distinct groups (Clark & Clark, 1967). One group is distributed in the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, the other in the western Pacific. Species from the western Pacific group are more closely related to other non-Antedon species (e.g. Dorometra clymene) from their area than to Antedon species from the Atlantic - Mediterranean zone (Hemery et al., 2009). The morphological identification of Antedon species from the Atlantic - Mediterranean zone is based on skeletal characters (Fig. 1) that are known to display an important phenotypic plasticity which may obscure morphological discontinuities and prevent correct identification of species (Eléaume, 2006). Species from this zone show a geographical structuration probably linked to the events that followed the Messinian salinity crisis, ~ 5 Mya (Krijgsman Discussion et al., 1999). To test this hypothesis, a phylogenetic study of the Antedon species from the Atlantic - The molecular analysis and morphological identifications provide divergent Mediterranean group was conducted using a mitochondrial gene. -
Annotated Checklist of the Fish Species (Pisces) of La Réunion, Including a Red List of Threatened and Declining Species
Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 2: 1–168; Stuttgart, 30.IV.2009. 1 Annotated checklist of the fish species (Pisces) of La Réunion, including a Red List of threatened and declining species RONALD FR ICKE , THIE rr Y MULOCHAU , PA tr ICK DU R VILLE , PASCALE CHABANE T , Emm ANUEL TESSIE R & YVES LE T OU R NEU R Abstract An annotated checklist of the fish species of La Réunion (southwestern Indian Ocean) comprises a total of 984 species in 164 families (including 16 species which are not native). 65 species (plus 16 introduced) occur in fresh- water, with the Gobiidae as the largest freshwater fish family. 165 species (plus 16 introduced) live in transitional waters. In marine habitats, 965 species (plus two introduced) are found, with the Labridae, Serranidae and Gobiidae being the largest families; 56.7 % of these species live in shallow coral reefs, 33.7 % inside the fringing reef, 28.0 % in shallow rocky reefs, 16.8 % on sand bottoms, 14.0 % in deep reefs, 11.9 % on the reef flat, and 11.1 % in estuaries. 63 species are first records for Réunion. Zoogeographically, 65 % of the fish fauna have a widespread Indo-Pacific distribution, while only 2.6 % are Mascarene endemics, and 0.7 % Réunion endemics. The classification of the following species is changed in the present paper: Anguilla labiata (Peters, 1852) [pre- viously A. bengalensis labiata]; Microphis millepunctatus (Kaup, 1856) [previously M. brachyurus millepunctatus]; Epinephelus oceanicus (Lacepède, 1802) [previously E. fasciatus (non Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)]; Ostorhinchus fasciatus (White, 1790) [previously Apogon fasciatus]; Mulloidichthys auriflamma (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) [previously Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (non Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831)]; Stegastes luteobrun- neus (Smith, 1960) [previously S. -
Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California
STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME FISH BULLETIN 157 GUIDE TO THE COASTAL MARINE FISHES OF CALIFORNIA by DANIEL J. MILLER and ROBERT N. LEA Marine Resources Region 1972 ABSTRACT This is a comprehensive identification guide encompassing all shallow marine fishes within California waters. Geographic range limits, maximum size, depth range, a brief color description, and some meristic counts including, if available: fin ray counts, lateral line pores, lateral line scales, gill rakers, and vertebrae are given. Body proportions and shapes are used in the keys and a state- ment concerning the rarity or commonness in California is given for each species. In all, 554 species are described. Three of these have not been re- corded or confirmed as occurring in California waters but are included since they are apt to appear. The remainder have been recorded as occurring in an area between the Mexican and Oregon borders and offshore to at least 50 miles. Five of California species as yet have not been named or described, and ichthyologists studying these new forms have given information on identification to enable inclusion here. A dichotomous key to 144 families includes an outline figure of a repre- sentative for all but two families. Keys are presented for all larger families, and diagnostic features are pointed out on most of the figures. Illustrations are presented for all but eight species. Of the 554 species, 439 are found primarily in depths less than 400 ft., 48 are meso- or bathypelagic species, and 67 are deepwater bottom dwelling forms rarely taken in less than 400 ft. -
Myzostomida: a Link Between Trochozoans and Flatworms?
doi 10.1098/rspb.2000.1154 Myzostomida: a link between trochozoans and atworms? Igor Eeckhaut1*, Damhnait McHugh2, Patrick Mardulyn3, Ralph Tiedemann3, Daniel Monteyne3, Michel Jangoux1,4 and Michel C. Milinkovitch3{ 1Marine Biology Laboratory, University of Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium 2Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA 3Unit of Evolutionary Genetics, Free University of Brussels, B- 6041 Gosselies, Belgium 4Marine Biology Laboratory, B-1050 Free University of Brussels, Belgium Myzostomids are obligate symbiotic invertebrates associated with echinoderms with a fossil record that extends to the Ordovician period. Due to their long history as host-speci¢c symbionts, myzostomids have acquired a unique anatomy that obscures their phylogenetic a¤nities to other metazoans: they are incom- pletely segmented, parenchymous, acoelomate organisms with chaetae and a trochophore larva. Today, they are most often classi¢ed within annelids either as an aberrant family of polychaetes or as a separate class. We inferred the phylogenetic position of the Myzostomida by analysing the DNA sequences of two slowly evolving nuclear genes: the small subunit ribosomal RNA and elongation factor-1a. All our analyses congruently indicated that myzostomids are not annelids but suggested instead that they are more closely related to £atworms than to any trochozoan taxon. These results, together with recent analyses of the myzostomidan ultrastructure, have signi¢cant implications for understanding the evolu- tion of metazoan body plans, as major characters (segmentation, coeloms, chaetae and trochophore larvae) might have been independently lost or gained in di¡erent animal phyla. Keywords: Metazoa; Myzostomida; Annelida; evolution; molecular phylogeny; symbiosis or Stelechopoda (i.e. a taxon grouping myzostomids with 1. -
Phylogenetic Systematics of the Family Pentacerotidae (Actinopterygii: Order Perciformes)
Zootaxa 3366: 1–111 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 3366 Phylogenetic Systematics of the Family Pentacerotidae (Actinopterygii: Order Perciformes) SEONG-YONG KIM Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biodiversity (Systematic Ichthyology), Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan Present address: National Park Research Institute, Marine Research Center, 77 Sicheong-ro, Sacheon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 664-701, Korea E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by M.T. Craig: 1 Mar. 2012; published: 4 Jul. 2012 SEONG-YONG KIM Phylogenetic Systematics of the Family Pentacerotidae (Actinopterygii: Order Perciformes) (Zootaxa 3366) 111 pp.; 30 cm. 4 Jul. 2012 ISBN 978-1-86977-919-1 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-920-7 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2012 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2012 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 3366 © 2012 Magnolia Press KIM Table of contents Abstract . 4 I.