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~Ppendix 1 Tectonic Dataabout Archaen Andpaleoproterozoic

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~ppendices ~ppendix 1 Tectonic Dataabout Archaen andPaleoproterozoic Vtppendix 1.1 Rock formation time, temperature, pressure, depth and geothermal Igradient in Archaen Isotopic Tempera- Pressure Formation Geothermal Area Lithofacies Sources age (Ma) ture ('C) (GPa) depth (km) gradient ('Clkm) Qingyuan, Liaoji granulite 2,924 800 1.0 36.7 18.3 Shen BF et aI., continental nucleus 1994 Anshan, Liaoji granulite > 2,900 800 1.1 36.7 18.3 Cheng YQ et aI., continental nucleus 1994 ~J' e- , "'. ., continental nucleus 1992 South of Chifeng granulite 2,846 990 1.1 36.7 23.4 CuiWY et aI., continental nucleus 1991 Jining, Dongsheng granulite > 2,900 860 I 36 20.3 Cheng YQ et aI., continental nucleus 1994 Qiari'an, Bohai amphibolite 3,561 900 1 33 23.3 ShenQH et aI., continental nucleus 1992 Xishui, Bohai granulite > 2,900 800 0.75 25 26.8 Cheng YQ etal., continental nucleus 1994 Gongdanshan, Yishui, granulite > 3,000 900 0.95 1.7 24.3 Su SG et aI., 1997 Shandong Qianxi, Bohai granulite 3,300 800 1.2 40 16.8 Dong SB et aI., continental nucleus 1986 Linfen continental granulite > 2,800 900 1 33 23.3 Wu JS et aI., 1989 nucleus Jining continental amphibolite 2,788 600 0.6 20 23.5 Xu HF et aI., nucleus 1992 Above 11 areas Average MA 827 0.95 32 22.2 Qingyuan, Jiliao amphibolite 2,624 610 0.61 20 25.5 ShenQH et aI., continental nucleus 1992 Jiapigou, Jiliao amphibolite 2,525 600 0.6 20 25 Shen QH et aI., continent nucleus 1992 1386 Appendlcesl Isotopic Tempera- Pressure Formation Geothermal Area Lithofacies Sources age (Ma) ture ("C) (GPa) depth (km) gradient "Clkm Huadian, Jiliao granulite ~ 2,500 830 0.6-1 30 24.3 Bureau of Geol- continental nucleus ogy of Jilin, 1988 Tonghua, JiHao granulite ~ 2,560 750 0.62 27 24 continental nucleus Qingyuan, Jiliao granulite ~ 2,630 1000 0.75 33 27.3 Cheng YQ et aI., continent nucleus 1994 Anshan, Jiliao greenschist ~ 2,630 570 0.6 20 23.5 Cheng YQ et aI., continent nucleus 1994 caM VI rUMlUIl, -",to' JlV l.V JJ t z., LlIl lA er ar., Liaoning boleschist 1995 Jiapigou, Jilin granulite > 2,500 850 1.3 43 17.4 SunXM et aI.,1992 Chongli, Chifcnz amphibolite 2,470 730 0.91 30 21 Chen QA et aI., continent nucleus 1992 Pingquan, Chifeng granulite 2,650 790 0.8 26.7 25.8 Tan YJ et aI., continental nucleus 1991 Pingquan, Chifeng amphibolite 2,505 670 0.7 23 24.8 Tan YJ et aI., ,n, Chongli, Chifeng granulite 2,454 868 0.9 33 23.3 WangRM et aI., continental nucleus 1994 West Liaoning, granulite 2,494 8oo I 40 17.5 Dong SB et aI., Chifeng nucleus 1986 West Liaoning granulite 2,575 860 1.25 41.7 18.2 JiJQ et aI., 1998 Jianping, West granulite 2,490 820 1.17 39 18.5 Wei CJ etal., Liaoning 2oo1 Jianping, West granulite 2,487 850 1.05 35 21.4 WangCQ Liaoning et aI.,1999 Jianping, West granulite 2,575 860 1.25 42 20.6 Ji JQ et aI., 1998 Liaoning Ruanping, Chengde, granulite > 2,500 8oo 1.20 40 17.5 Li JR, 1998 North Hebei Huai'an, Northwest granulite > 2,600 860 0.92 31 24.5 Geng YS et aI., Hebei 2oo0 Sanggan area, North- granulite 2,530 830 1.25 42 17.4 GuoJR et aI., west Hebei 1998 Dongsheng amphibolite 2,625 880 0.8 26.7 33 Jin Wet a!., 1991 continental nucleus Wulashan, Dongsheng granulite ~ 2,500 710 0.84 28 21.8 Cheng YQ et aI., continental nucleus 1994 Daqingshan, Dongsh- greenschist ~ 2,550 5oo 0.4 13.3 30 Cheng YQ eng continent nucleus et al.,l994 Bohai continent amphibolite 2,663 680 0.5 16.7 34.7 Shen QH et aI., nucleus 1992 Miyun, Bohai granulite 2,523 9oo 1 36 22.2 Dong SB continental nucleus et al.,l986 Miyun, Beijing granulite > 2,500 9oo 1.02 34 23.5 He GP et aI., 1994. Zunhua, Qian'an, granulite > 2,500 920 1.14 38 21.6 Chen MY et aI., East Hebei 1996 f'\ppendix I Tectonic Data about Archaen and Paleoproterozoic 3871 Isotopic Tempera- Pressure Formation Geothermal Area Lithofacies Sources age (Ma) ture ('C) (GPa) depth (km) gradient I'C/km) Qianxi group, granulite < 2,700 940 1.1 37 22.7 He GP et aI., 1992 rz. r.r. Jiaodong, Bohai granulite ~ 2,800 700 0.65 20-23 27.9 Yang ZF et aI., continental nucleus 1998 Jiaodong Group, amphibolite ~ 2,500 655 0.65 20-23 25.8 Yang ZF et aI., Bohai nucleus 1998 Linfen nucleus amphibolite > 2,500 670 0.8 26.7 21.3 Wu JS et aI., 1989 Wutai, Linfen amphibolite ~ 2,550 690 0.8 26.7 22 Cheng YQ et aI., continental nucleus 1994 Yanggao, Linfen granulite 2,440 900 1.4 41 19.5 Dong SB et aI., '00£ Dengfeng, Linfen amphibolite ~ 2,500 450 0.35 11.7 30 Cheng YQ et aI., continental nucleus 1994 Luonan, Linfen granulite ~ 2,500 650 0,6 20 27.5 Cheng YQ et al., continental nucleus 1994 Wutai-Taihang area gneiss > 2,500 700 0,6 13-20 36.4 WangKY et aI., 1991 Taihangshan rich alumi- > 2,600 800 0.8 26.7 26.2 LiuSW et aI., niumgneiss 1997 ., nucleus Taishan, Jining granulite > 2,626 700 I 33 18.2 Bureau of Geo- continental nucleus logy of Shandong, 1991 Taishan, Jining amphibolite > 2,626 660 0,8 26.7 21 continental nucleus Huoqiu, Jining amphibolite 2,681 600 0,5 20 25 Dong SB et aI., continental nucleus 1986 North lone eo,' 7 hllll h()() 117 7, , 0; TV 7 " Qinling 1992 Huabei eclogite < 2,500 900 1.2 40 20 Zhai MG etal., 1995 Jiamusi continental amphibolite 2,539 690 0.55 18.3 32.2 Cheng YQ et aI., nue eus I~~'t Helanshan, Alaxa granulite ~ 2,500 800 0.65 21.7 32.2 Cheng YQ et aI., 1994 Middle Kangdian amphibolite > 2,400 600 0.41 14 35.7 LuMJ, greenstone belt 1986 South of Kangdian greenschist > 2,400 550 0.53 17.7 25.4 LuMJ, greenstone belt 1986 Above 47 areas Average NA 714 0.81 27.5 24.2 World (average) granulite Arch. >750 0.41 14 54 Grambling, 1981 1388 Appendices Vtppendix 1.2 Blockmotion velocity in the Chinese continent ofArchean (3.2-2.5] IGtiJ ~rea Rock Sampleamount Isotopicage (Ga) Deformationvelocity(cm/yr] Xm'antun, Jtlm gramtOld 8 3.2- 2.8 5.2 ~nshan, Liaoning harzburgite 4 > 2.5 -0.88 Raobazhai, Anhui ultrabasicrock 29 about 2.8 - 2.7 -0.87 Wutaishan,Shanxi basic lava 80 about 2.8 - 2.7 -0.72 ~Ihong, Jlangsu ultrabaslcrock 2 about 2.8 2.7 0.8~ Wutaishan,Shanxi basic lava 79 about 2.7 - 2.6 -0.67 Luliangshan,Shanxi basic lava 25 about 2.7 - 2.6 -0.8~ IIonghua, Jlhn dlOntOld 2 about 2.8 - 2.5 4~ IWutaIshan, ShanxI aCidIc lava 4 about 2.7 - 2.6 5.) North of Altun basIclava 2 2.46 0.78 North of Altun acidicJava 4 250 54 Luliangshan, Shanxi basic lava 12 about 2.6 - 2.5 -0.56 IZhongtIaoshan, ShanXI baSIC lava 11 about 2.6 2.5 0.48 Jilin granitoid 8 about 2.6 - 2.5 5.4 Baotcu, Inner Mongolia granitoid 2 about 2.6 - 2.5 5.~ [iihangshan, ShanXI aCidIc lava 27 about 2.6 - 2.5 4.2 IZhongtmoshan, ShanXI aCidIc lava 15 about 2.6 2.5 5.~ IWutaIshan, ShanXI gramtOld 86 about 2.8 2.5 5.] [Iaishan, Yishan,Shandong granitoid 10 about 2.8 - 2.5 4.87 [Iaishan, Zouxian,Shandong granodiorite 6 about 2.8 - 2.5 4.~ Bengbu,Anhm gramtOld about 2.6 - 2.5 4.1 Note:" "IS extensIOn velocIty, othersare shortemngvelOCltIesJ [he rock chemicaldata got from I:200,000regional geologicalsurveyreports in those areas and regionalgeology abou~ ~hose provinces. Vtppendix 1.3 Rockformation age,temperature, pressure, depth andgeothermal Igradient in Paleoproterozoicl Isotopic Tempera- Pressure Formation Geothermal Area Lithofacies Sources age (Ma) ture ("e) (GPa) depth gradient I(km) ("e/km) East of Hingganling, amphibolite ~ 1,900 625 0.25 8.3 66.9 Cheng YQ et aI., 1994 Heilongjiang MashanGroup, gneiss > 1,900 850 0.47 15.7 49.7 Jiang JS et al., 1993 Heilongjiang East of Liaoning- amphibolite ~ 1920 660 0.8 26.7 22.1 Cheng YQ et al., 1994 South of Jilin Liaohe Group, amphibolite > 1,900 630 0.8 26.7 20.1 Li SZ et al., 2001 NorthLiaoning Liaohe Group, amphibolite > 1,900 600 0.7 23 23 Li SZ et al., 200I Q •••• East of Liaoning- low grade < 1,900 640 0.73 24.3 23.5 He GP et al., 1998 Southof Jilin amphibolite Jianping,Westof granulite 2,490 820 1.17 39 19.2 WeiCJ et al., 2001 Liaoning f'\ppendix I Tectonic Data about Archaen and Paleoproterozoic 38~ Isotopic Tempera- Pressure Formation Geothermal Area Lithofacies Sources age (Ma) ture (OC) (GPa) depth gradient Ilkm\ rOC/km\ Shuangshanzi, amphibolite 2,193 548 0.63 20-25 21.2 Dong SB et al., 1986 East Hebei Xinghe, Inner granulite ~ 1,900 850 I 33 23.6 Mei HL et al., 1998 Mengolia , UH"UA' . ""'" .lVV " , .U m5u~ "'-, Wutaishan, Shanxi greenschist ~2,129 400 0.33 11 30 Dong SB et al., 1986 Shanxi-Inner kbondalite 1,800 750 0.6 20 34 Wu CH et al., 1997 Mongolia Haivanssuo I zranufite > 1900 1050 1.24 41 23.9 Su SG et a1.
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    An early infructescence Hyrcantha decussata (comb. nov.) from the Yixian Formation in northeastern China David L. Dilcher*†, Ge Sun†‡, Qiang Ji§, and Hongqi Li¶ *Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; ‡Research Center of Paleontology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; §Geological Institute of Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Beijing 100037, China; and ¶Department of Biology, Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD 21532 Contributed by David L. Dilcher, April 16, 2007 (sent for review November 10, 2006) The continuing study of early angiosperms from the Yixian For- about half their length. Each carpel containing 10–16 anatrop- mation (Ϸ125 Ma) of northeastern China has yielded a second early ous ovules/seeds borne along an adaxial linear placentae. angiosperm genus. This report is a detailed account of this early flowering plant and recognizes earlier reports of similar fossils H. decussata (Leng et Friis) Dilcher, Sun, Ji et Li comb. nov. from Russia and China. Entire plants, including roots, stems, and Synonymy. S. decussatus Leng et Friis, 2003, 2006. branches terminating in fruits are presented and reconstructed. Emended Description. Plant erect, 20–25 cm tall, with predomi- Evidence for a possible aquatic nature of this plant is presented. nately alternate branching of 30–45°, rarely ternate branching The relationship of Hyrcantha (‘‘Sinocarpus’’) to the eudicots is three to four times (Fig. 1A). Main axis 2.2–2.5 mm wide and discussed. The presence of this second early angiosperm genus, lightly striated alternate branches 1–1.2 mm wide. Lower now known as a whole plant, is important in the discussion of its branches with dilated nodes ensheathed by a thin ocrea (Fig.
  • Cereal Series/Protein Series Jiangxi Cowin Food Co., Ltd. Huangjindui

    Cereal Series/Protein Series Jiangxi Cowin Food Co., Ltd. Huangjindui

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