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CH08 M1.2 Officiating and Coaching in Football. Various Tournaments in Football

Role Name Affiliation Principal Investigator Dr. Asis Goswami Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University Co-Principal Dr. P.K. Nag Ramakrishna Mission Investigator Vivekananda University Paper Coordinator Dr. S. Alagesan Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University Content Writer/Author Dr. S. Alagesan Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University Content Reviewer Dr. P.J. Sebastian Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University Language Editor

Items Description of Module Subject Name Physical Education, Sports and Health Education Paper Name Officiating and Coaching in Football Module Name/Title Case Study Various Tournaments in Football Module Id PESHE/RKMVU/08//Football /1.2 Pre-Requisites None Objectives After studying this module, the students will be able to know • To know about various tournaments in Football • To understand the format of the tournaments • To learn the description about the cups • To understand the awards given in the tournaments • To know about the participants and organizers

Keywords World cup, Asian Cup, Nationals, League, Trophies, Format, top 10 tournaments

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1.2.Various Tournaments in Football

FIFA World Cup.

The World Cupfootball is contested by Men national teams .The championship is being conducted every four years since 1930. It was not conducted during 1942 and 1946 because of the Second World War. Germanyis the current champion which won its fourth title at the 2014 tournament in .

Format:

The format of the competition includes a qualification phase, which is conducted three years before the competition to decide the qualifying teams for the final. They are held among the six FIFA continental zones , , North and Central America and Caribbean, South America, Oceania, and . 32 teams qualify for the final which includehost nation(s).

World cup Awards:

During each World Cup, the following awards are presented:

• The Golden Ball: The Golden Ball award is awarded for the best player, (first awarded in 1982); the Silver Ball and the Bronze Ball are awarded to the second and third.They are selected based on voting by Media persons .

• The Golden Boot: The Golden Boot awardis awarded for the top goalscorer (first awarded in 1982), the The second and third top goal scorers receive Silver Boot and the Bronze Bootrespectively .

• The Golden Glove Award (formerly the Yashin Award):The Golden Glove Awardis awarded for the best goalkeeper. This award is decided by the FIFA Technical Study Group .The award is first awarded in 1994. • The Best Young Player Award:The Best Young Player Awardis awarded for the best player aged 21 or younger year.This is decided by the FIFA Technical Study Group. This award is first awarded in 2006. • The FIFA Fair Play Trophy: This Trophyis givenfor the team with the best record of fair play. This is decided according to criteria followed by the FIFA Fair Play Committee. This award is first awarded in 1978. • The Most Entertaining Team :The Most Entertaining Team is awarded for the team which entertain the public during the World Cup.This is determined by the general public on a poll. This was first awarded in 1994).

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Trophy:

• The Trophy was awarded to the World Cup winners from 1930 to 1970.From 1930 the cup was named simply the World Cup. In 1946 the world cup was renamed after the FIFA president Jules Rimet. In 1970, as per the tournament ruleBrazil kept the trophy permanently after their third victory. Also, the trophy was stolen in 1983 .

• After 1970, a new trophy was instituted named as FIFA World Cup Trophy.The work of the Italian designer Silvio Gazzaniga was selected by FIFA. The new trophy is 36 cm (14.2 in) high, made of solid 18 carat (75%) gold and weighs 6.175 kg (13.6 lb).

• No winning team is awarded this new trophy permanently. World Cup winners have to return the trophy after the celebration is over..The winning team will be given a gold-plated replica rather than the solid gold .

Winners:

. Brazil have won the world cup amaximum of five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are (4) and (4), (2) and (2) and , and Spain, with one title each.

The 2014 World Cup was conducted in Brazil. The next two World Cups will be hosted by in 2018 and in 2022.

The AFC Asian Cup:

The Asian Football Confederation (AFC) organizes the Asian Cup.After Copa AméricaAFC Asian cup is the oldest continental football championship in the world. The winning team is considered as the champion of Asia and automatically qualifies for the FIFA Confederations Cup.

The Asian Cup was held from 1956.From 2007 it is being conducted for every four years.

Initially and were successful teams in the Asian Cup. Since 1984, have won 4 times and have won 3 times.in 2007 had joined the Asian confederation and in 2015 they hosted the Asian Cup finals..From 2019,24 teams will be participating. The tournament will be hosted by the .

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Santosh Trophy: (Nationals)

Santosh Trophyis the nationalfootball tournament in which all the state teams and government institutions like Railways and Services participate. Bengal had won the title for a record number of 31 times to date.

Santosh Trophy was started in 1941, and was famous football competition in the country till National Football League was started in 1996. The trophy was named after the late Maharaja Sir ManmathaNath Roy Chowdharyof Santoshwho was the President of the Indian Football Association.

Kamla Gupta Trophy which was donated by IFA was given for the runners-up trophy.

For the third place teams the SampangiCup which was presented by the Mysore Football Association (now KSFA) in 1952 was awarded. This was in the memory of Sampangi, a renowned footballer from Mysore.

Format:

The present format includes a qualifying round in which matches are conducted in eight clusters .Each cluster consists of three or four teams each. The eight winners from each cluster qualify for the final round along with four seeded teams.The twelve teams are then divided into four groups of three each and group matches are played on league basis.The winners of each group then move to the semifinals. The semifinals and the final are played on knock out basis.

Proposal for a new format:

• The main tournament will be competed by 16 teams. The hosts along with Winners, Runners-Up, and Third-Placed will be given entry into the main tournament. If the host is among Winner, Runners-Up, or Third-Placed team, the fourth-placed team will also directly qualify to main tournament.

• The other state teams will be grouped in to 3 zones.Each zone will consist of two groups. Two topteams in each groups will qualify to Final Round.

The National Football League:

The National Football League was the first domestic football league in started in 1996.By introducing this league , professionalism has been introduced in India.There was a decline with the National Football League. After the 2006–07 NFL season, the I- League for the 2007–08 season was replaced.. The league's first season consisted of 10 teams ,eight from the previous NFL and two from the 2nd Division.Four foreign players were allowed to be included by each club.

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In the first I-League, , Churchill Brothers, Dempo, East Bengal, JCT, Mahindra United, MohunBagan, Salgaocar, Sporting , and Viva participated.

I-League:

The I-League is an Indian professional league was started in the year 2007.This is also called as Hero I League. 9 clubs participate (currently), on a system of promotion and relegation with the I-League 2nd Division as well as a system of direct-entry.

A total of five clubs have won the title of the I-League. The teams to have won the title are MohunBagan A.C. (1), Bengaluru FC (1), Churchill Brothers (2), Dempo (3), and Salgaocar (1). The current champions of the I-League are MohunBagan A.C. who had beaten the 2013-14 season champions Bengaluru FC.

The : (ISL)The Indian Super League(known as the Hero Indian Super League) is a professional football league in India. Apart from I League, ISL is the top level football league.Eight teams from all around India participate in this league.

The Indian Super League was started in 2013 and this has made football a top and popular in the world.. The league is conductedon the same format of Twenty20 cricket . There is nopromotion and relegation system in ISL.

Durand Cup :

was first held in 1888 hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (Dwho is the then foreign secretary. Initial matches were played in Dagshai. The Durand Cup was not conducted during the two world wars. In 1940 the venue was shifted to New .

The :

The Nehru Cup (ONGC Nehru Cup) is an international football tournamentorganised by the All India Football Federation (AIFF). It was started in 1982 and the cup was not organized from 1998 to 2006.It was again started only in 2007and India becamewinners for the first time.

PestabolaMerdeka or Merdeka Tournament:

MerdekaTournament is conducted in to honourthe Malaysian Independence Day.The PestabolaMerdeka is Asia`s oldest football tournament which invited football playing nations to compete since 1957.The tournament was started during 1957and held till 1988.It was a prestigious tournament in which invited nations participate.Due to

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many Asian nations concentrating more on the qualification rounds ofFIFA World Cup and AFC Asian Cup, the tournament lost interest since 1980.

Malaysia won the trophy nine times since 1958, became runners-up on eight occasions, while the Koreans won it seven times.

The :

The Federation Cupis also called as Hero Federation Cup. This is an annual knockout style club football tournament in India. It was started in 1977. From its inception till I- League has been started in 1997 (then called NFL). Presently it is the most important club tournament after the I-League. The winning club of the Federation Cup participate in the continental level in AFC Cup.

In 2015, the tournament is put on hold by All India Football Federationto avoid scheduling clash with Indian Super League andI-League.

Subroto Cup Football Tournament:

Subroto Cup is the inter-school football tournament in India. This is named after the Air Marshal SubrotoMukerjee. It was started in 1960 and has been conducted every year annually..

SubrotoMukerjee, the chief of the Air Staff had planned the idea in 1958.After the death of SubrotoMukerjee,SubrotoMukerjeeSports Education Society was formed in 1960. The first tournament was held in 1960 in which about 50 school teams participated. From 1998, the tournament is played in two age groups, sub-Junior (under 14 years) and Junior (under 17 years).

The Indian Air Force, with support from India's Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sportsconduct the Subroto cup.Inter-school tournaments are held in every state of India starting from Sub-division, district and division level culminating in the inter-school finals at the national level. The school teams, winning the state inter-school championships participate in the main SubrotoMukerjee Cup Tournament at Delhi.

South Asian Football Federation Cup:

The South Asian Football Federation Cup (previously South Asian Football Federation Gold Cup), is the main competition in which national football teams governed by the South Asian Football Federation participate.The other names of the tournament are the South Asian Association of Regional Co-operation Gold Cup in 1993 and South Asian Gold Cup 95 in 1995. Eight teams compete in the South Asian Football Federation Tournament.

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The countries that compete in the tournaments are , , India, , , and . It is held every two years. joined SAFF in 2005.

The South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Championship kicked off in in 1997,

Best Football Tournaments of the World:

The list of the top 10 football tournaments was listed down on the basis of their world reputation and popularity.

Copa del Rey:

In Europe Copa del Rey is one of the most prestigious football tournaments .This is also called as “King’s Cup” with a rich historical background. The tournament which was the oldest in Spain was started in 1903.The winner team of The Copa del Rey participate in the UEFA Europa League. If the winner also qualifies for UEFA Champions League , then the runnersup team will enter Europa League.

Barcelona are the present Copa del Rey champion and they have won the Copa del Rey for 27 times followed by Real Madrid who have 19 wins.

FIFA Confederations Cup:

FIFA Confederations Cup was started in the year 1992 by FIFA. This tournament is held every four years for the national teams. Brazil has won the cup four times as the most successful team. Confederations Cup is also hosted by the host country of FIFA World cup as a rehearsal tournament before the world cup.

FA Cup:

The Football Association Challenge Cup, FA Cup in short is knockout football competition in England conducted annually. FA Cup is started in 1871-72 and considered as the oldest domestic football tournament in the world. The tournament is open for all English teams. All Football clubs from Premier League to amateur village teams in England have their chance to compete in this cup.Arsenal are the most successful club which has won 12 titles Manchester United is just behind Arsenal with 11 titles.

Africa Cup of Nations:

Africa Cup of Nations is a tournament, in which Africa’s football nations competeeach other for supremacy. The tournament was first held in 1957. Since 1998, 16 teams participate which were divided into four groups. The top two teams of each

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groupparticipate in thefinal stage which is conducted on knock-out basis. has won the cup for 7 times while Ghana and Cameron have won the cup for four times each. The 2015 Africa Cup of Nations was held by Equatorial Guinea.

UEFA Europa League:

UEFA Europa League which is also called as the “UEFA Cup” is conducted by UEFA since 1971 every year.

The league is participated by European clubs based on their performance in the national leagues and Cup competitions. In The UEFA Europa League title,Sevilla are the most successful teams which has won four titles.UEFA Europa League is ranked ranks at no 6 in the top 10 best football tournaments in the world in which many famous European clubs participate seriously.

Copa Libertadores:

The most prestigious football tournament in South America is CopaLibertadores which is considered equivalent to Europe’s Champions League. The competition was started in the year 1960. “Copa Bridgestone Libertadores”was the sponsor of this competition. Since its beginning.The champion teams of South American leagues took part in Copa Libertadores,one of the best football tournaments of the world.From 1966, the runner- up teams are alos allowed in the tournament.

Argentine football club Independientehas won 7 titles in the history of Copa Libertadores.The Argentine club San Lorenzo is the current champion of this prestigious tournament.

Copa America

Copa America, the South American Football Championshipisthe oldest continental football competition.Since 1993, twelve teams compete in Copa America at different venues. , Costa Rica and are the regular participants.

Uruguay has won the title 15 times and considered as the mostsuccessful team in Copa America. Millions of football lovers will be eagerly waiting to watch the tournament

UEFA European Championship

UEFA European Championship is also known as “The Euros”. In this massive football competition the continental champion of Europe is determined. The tournament is organized since 1960 for every four years. After FIFA World Cup, it is the prestigious football tournament in the world. Germany and Spain have won the championship three times each while France won two. The 2016 European Championship which is ranked third in the top 10best football tournaments of the world will be hosted in France. 8 | P a g e

UEFA Champions League

UEFA Champions League is also called as“Champions League” and considered as the most glamorous club competition in the world. Top European clubs from all over European continent participate in this competition. It is the most watched annual sporting event in the world in 2013. Four teams fromEurope’s top national leagues participate in the Champions League competition. The winner of the Champions League is eligible for the FIFA Club world Cup and UEFA .

Spanish giant Real Madrid had become the champions for 10 times. Barcelona is the present champion in the 2015 Champions League held at Berlin. There is hardly any club competition to match the UEFA Champions League.

FIFA World Cup

FIFA World Cup stays at no 1 among the best football tournaments of the world. The dream for every football player in the world is to play in the worldcup. Nations from different continents compete each other. The world cup was being conducted since 1930, except in 1942 and 1946, because of the 2nd World War. Germany is the current champion who claimed their fourth world cup title by beating Argentina in 2014 World Cup final. Brazil has been successful in the world cup by winning 5 titles. The next 2018 FIFA World Cup will be held in Russia.

The competition even exceeds the popularity of in the long run. A record number of 715.1 million people watched the 2014 World Cup finals worldwide.

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