DOCSLIB.ORG

Native Americans Ol'

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Native Americans ol' Clarendon, Vermont *This is only a report of my early findings. This is subject to charge as new evidence and facts arise. I\rly research has led me to cliscover two groups of Native Americiurs that could have resided in Clarendon and one other that may have simply passed through time to time. The tribe of Native l[mericans that has the highest likelihood of being in Clarendon isi the Mahican, specifically the subdivision Mahican proper. Their territory extended from Poughkeepsie, New York to Deerfield, I\4assachusetts, and extended flrttrest north in Rutland. It is important to mention that tlhey are not to be mistaken with the Mohegan tribes of Connecticut; however, they do have lineage witkr one another. As a side note, the Mahicans have lineage with the Lenape and ['equot. Other names for the Mahicans is as follows: Akochakanen (koquois name that means "Those who,speak a strangertongue"), Canoe Indians (Given by colonists), Hikanagi/Nhilcana (Given by the Shawnee), Laups (Given by the French), Orunges (,Given by a school textbook author, Chauvignerie, who rvas referring to a specific Mahican tribe in 1736), River Indians (Given by the Dutch), and Uragees (Again given by an author, Colden, in reference to a specific tribe of the.Mahicans 1747). Mahicans were hunters of southwestem and western Vermont. lheir langrllge belonged to the linguistic family of the Algonquian, spoken with an r-dialect. Sieldom did they settle anywhere in Vermont to stay due to the fact that they were typically hLunters, hotvever, it is not irnprobable that they had permanent selllements in Clarendon.r Historic territory of the |tdahicans l Swanton, John R., The lndion Tribes of North America,1953 pg. 1g, 34 r\n important aspect to kno'w about the Mahicans is that they folkrwed and travelled along active waterways;almost exclusively. When they traveled and made settlement they made sure to be along riversi, small creek, and the like. In fact, one of their permanent settlements, called WinooskeeJk, was located at the mouth of the Winooski River by .Lake Champlain. This r:haracteristic eamed them the names Canoe Indians and River lruJians by Europeans.2 Now, rvith this in mind, since the Mahican had a settlement at the Winooski River and Clarendon has the Otter Cteek, Cold River, and the Clarendon Gorge; which have origin from Lake Champlain, it would make sense that wilerway travelling people would find their way down to Clarendon. ilhe second group of Native Americans that could have inhabited Clarendon at least temporarily is the Pocorntuc. Despite that their home territory was the Deerfield River Valley in lvlassachusetts they had settlements in Vermont and they had close ties to the Mahicans. Their territories overlapped and they spoke a similar or even the same lirnguage.3 One important espect of th,e Pocomtuc that would lead me to believe that they had been to Clarendon is that they had fought rngainst the Mohawk during the 1660's during the Beaver War. Interestingly, the Mahican fo,ught against the Mohawk during the Beaver War as well.a However, I am uncertain of this, the iMahican and the Pocomtuc might have been allies during that time of war. I am inclined to believe this due to the fact that they had such close ties to one another through land, language, ard common enermy. Lastly, I wc'uld be inclined to believe that the Mohawk Indians made their way to Vermont and possibly Clarendon. The orrly reason why I find this viable is because of their opposition to the Vlahicans and Pocomtucs during the Beaver War. Granted, it is highly unlikely that they ever settled in Vreffiont or, more specifically, Clarendon; despite having their territory border Lake Champlain. However, it may be possibly that a skinnish or even battle between the Mohawk and Itr{ahican or Pocomtuc took place in Clarendon. Siomething, important to merntion is that I have yet to find if there was Colonist and Native Itmerican fighting or discornse in Clarendon. However, I have reason to believe that there might have been. John Henry Lydlius received a deed from the Mohawk Indians in l732that gave him a24 mile w.ide and 60 mile long south of the Otter Creek stretch of land. And the deed was approved b}'Gov. Shirley of Massachusetts in 1744.s Now, the lvtohawks essentially sold land to a colonist that was not theirs, for Mahicans still resided in the area and it was considered their 2 Swanton, Jof^rn R., The tndion Tritbes of North Americo,1953 pg.41 3 Swanton, Johrn R., The tndian Triibes of North Americo,1953 pg. a 23 www. B rita n n ica. co m/topic/ pocomt u c " CIa rendon, Vf 1767-1976, 197 6,1982, 2004 pg. 9 land. That [eads me to belir:ve that the Mahicans may not have been necessarily pleased with the ldohawks or the colonists moving onto their land and may have been hostile. If so, that may rnake the idea and possibilitty of a fortified location near the Alfrecha Road, Middle Road, and lvloulton Avenue intersection more likely. Last to be nrentioned is the fact that, thank )iou to Mr. Underhill, iLt has been discovered that there was a Native American settlement found in Clarendon, on a farm first owned by Henry Hodges in 1810 and bought by Joseph Congdon after Hodges death. The settlement was on the west side of the road lrom where the larm house was built and a half of a mile northwest of the Clarendon church. Thre piece of land lvhere the settlement had been was called "John's Lot" in accordance 6 to a Tory who had lived on the lot previous to the Revolution. f'his fact also improves the possibility of the fortification previously mentioned existing. In addition a pamphlet written by a N4ary Louise Anderson stated that a Thomas Daniels of Orwell, Vermont discover 70 Native llmerican sjites in Rutlancland the surrounding areas. These sites consisted of campsites, work- shops, rock shelters, and utilized caves. Daniels claims rthat they'were seemingly used primarily cluring the winter months.T In conclusion, I believe we can conclude that Native Americans existed and made a home of Clarendon. However, there is more to be discovered. From here I will examine further into what €iroup exactly inhabited Clarendon and the settlement that is mentioned in the attached clocument, so as to have no doubt. Also, I will see if the Native Americans here were hostile, e,xactlY when they left Clarendon; either before or after the Revolutionary War, and if they had any involvement in it. " lSee attachted t fU/a (Wittfincl pamphlet again to provide information) Works Cited 'oClarendon, VT 1761-1976",1976,1982,2004,Academy Books, Rutland, Vermont Swantono John R. "The Indian Tribes of North America" 1953, United States Government Printing 0ffice www. Britannica.comltopiclPocomtuc 7/18t2017 llenry Hodgos.jpg 566 VIDIi:MOlli-,t IIISTOB,I'3A L M -{.elz ILNE. Smith, se<;ond.ly, Johrr Rich.arrdson. o[ Fair- eIlorls to secure :i!, he euccee'led but partially. fax: *ncl [Iary marrie.l to R*ndall Rice, for Noveltheless, he rvag all hiis life a etudious rrany y€arcs a leuiing magisrirat* in Clarcn- r€a'1,3r of $'ell-ch,erBen works, aqil bhug became doa. Rrcrhel flqrJg€s" the or:,ly darrghter of posstsseJ of more ttri,n usucrl coltrrre and in- his se{ond wifq rarlrrial first, .lohn.A,, Graham, forma,tion. lor thlrt eection a,nd period. Few LL. D., o'f Rutiland, Bfl;erw:r,rcls of .New York. men, in bis day,, equdled h,im in the ertrn,! By hi:m she wix mother of O:,mmoilore John and accuracy oli' his historical irrformatioa. FI. Gratraru. vrhr: entered thc U. li. Navy, at To this he add<rd a wonilerful capacity for tire ag.e of twrllv'e, Iosl; his Lep; on l:oard Com. reme,rnberi:og ev,ery one whom h,e hail erler I{cDonorrylh's Shilp at Pl,attsburS;, arr.d has knorva, ardl for iosight into their cbaracte,rs. ever sinc;e renlai,ned irr the, s,:r'{iclr, and now His ,courtely aor:l suavity er€r€ au,cb, witb.al, resides ert Newlbtrrgh, N. lf. SL,e married, a:r hr comliel hi:r ebaqncb political oppocent, aeconclly, Rog;er Fuller, of Sudbrrry" and Juilgo Harringtoa, [o make [he noLed coa- aftern'arikr of .Brandon. cession, " i[ iberr: is a polite man in the Coun- By his thir:cl ,wife, the I)octor lefb four by' oll Rutlanil, I.larry Hodgps is the man." sons,--Henry, S'ila"r Tfyll'gs, Geor.-ge T- and As miglrl; be expecied ire enjoyed aa uausu&l Hanni:bal, a nollic€ olf ear:h o[ rvtrom will lilegr'ee of public favor. I{is firm adherence follow, arnd tlvo dlaughtenr, I'ia.: lJus:ru. who I to tbe Fecleral p<r icy prevented hirn for mcny marriod C,alvin lRobinrion, :r, l:lrge Land owner lye,ars, ho'wever, from receil'iug arry popular in Shr;wcL'ury,, a,nd le,[t orr]y dau;gb.ters, and hooors I irr a torvn which lyas unrder stroag Sophi:r, nrarriiedi iBenj:r,min Deruocratir: to lioberts, of I rule. lVhes bher asperi:ty of party lVfancheskrr, a;adi merther of s,evertl children lhrd died away, l[is populariuy was rery so,on One of thtrm, t[)el" Geo. T. ]!,oberts, fielt at the i manifested. He representetl tbe iorvn for { head of l;he Vermrcnt iith llei;irnen,t, at, Baton years, beginoingi in 1819- Io 1ll9t, he re- Rouger, La,., irr 1861.
Recommended publications
  • DEERFIELD RIVER WATERSHED Assessment Report

    DEERFIELD RIVER WATERSHED Assessment Report

    DEERFIELD RIVER WATERSHED Assessment Report 2004-2008 Downstream of Fife Brook Dam The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs 251 Causeway Street, Suite 900 Boston, MA 02114-2119 Mitt Romney GOVERNOR Kerry Healey LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Tel: (617) 626-1000 Fax: (617) 626-1181 Ellen Roy Herzfelder or (617) 626-1180 SECRETARY http://www.state.ma.us/envir November 19, 2004 Dear Friends of the Deerfield River Watershed: It is with great pleasure that I present you with the Assessment Report for the Deerfield River Watershed. The report helped formulate the 5-year watershed action plan that will guide local and state environmental efforts within the Deerfield River Watershed over the next five years. The report expresses some of the overall goals of the Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, such as improving water quality, restoring natural flows to rivers, protecting and restoring biodiversity and habitats, improving public access and balanced resource use, improving local capacity, and promoting a shared responsibility for watershed protection and management. The Deerfield River Watershed Assessment Report was developed with input from the Deerfield River Watershed Team and multiple stakeholders including watershed groups, state and federal agencies, Regional Planning Agencies and, of course, the general public from across the Watershed. We appreciate the opportunity to engage such a wide group of expertise and experience as it allows the state to focus on the issues and challenges that might otherwise not be easily characterized. From your input we have identified the following priority issues: • Water Quantity • Water Quality • Fish Communities • Wildlife and Terrestrial Habitat • Open Space • Recreation I commend everyone involved in this endeavor.
  • Town of Shrewsbury, Vermont Local Hazard Mitigation Plan

    Town of Shrewsbury, Vermont Local Hazard Mitigation Plan

    Town of Shrewsbury, Vermont Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Date of Adoption Prepared by the Town of Shrewsbury With the assistance of The Rutland Regional Planning Commission Table of Contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………..……...2 2. Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………………..…..3 3. Community Background……………………………………………………………………………….3 4. Planning Process…………………..……………………………………………………………….…..6 4.1. Plan Changes……………………………………………………………………………………...7 5. Community Hazard Inventory and Risk Assessment…………………………………………………10 5.1. Low Risk Hazards………………………………………………………………………………..11 Aircraft Crashes……………………………………………………………………………….….11 Continuity of Government/Record Retention…………………………………………………….11 Hazardous Materials, Radiological and Chemical/Biological Incidents…………………………11 Drought…………………………………………………………………………………………...12 Earthquakes……………………………………………………………………………………….12 Structure Fires…………………………………………………………………………………….13 Temperature Extremes…………………………………………………………………………....13 Terrorism………………………………………………………………………………………….13 Water Supply Contamination………………………………………………………………….....13 Winter Storms, Ice Storms, and Power Outages………………………………………………....14 Wildfires and Forest Fires………………………………………………………………………..14 5.2. Medium Risk Hazards…………………………………………………………………………...14 Climate Change………………………………………………………………………………….14 Dam Failure……………………………………………………………………………………...14 5.3. High Risk Hazards……………………………………………………………………………….15 Floods, Fluvial Erosion, and Ice Jams…………………………………………………………...15 Highway and Railroad Accidents………………………………………………………………..17
  • Civilization and Sexual Abuse: Selected Indian Captivity Narratives and the Native American Boarding-School Experience

    Civilization and Sexual Abuse: Selected Indian Captivity Narratives and the Native American Boarding-School Experience

    ................................................................................................................. CROSSROADS. A Journal of English Studies 27 (2019) EWA SKAŁ1 DOI: 10.15290/CR.2019.27.4.05 University of Opole ORCID: 0000-0001-7550-3292 Civilization and sexual abuse: selected Indian captivity narratives and the Native American boarding-school experience Abstract. This paper offers a contrastive analysis of Indian captivity narratives and the Native American boarding-school experience. Indian captivity narratives describe the ordeals of white women and men, kidnapped by Indians, who were separated from their families and subsequently lived months or even years with Indian tribes. The Native American boarding-school experience, which began in the late nineteenth century, took thousands of Indian children from their parents for the purpose of “assimi- lation to civilization” to be facilitated through governmental schools, thereby creating a captivity of a different sort. Through an examination of these two different types of narratives, this paper reveals the themes of ethnocentrism and sexual abuse, drawing a contrast that erodes the Euro-American discourse of civilization that informs captivity narratives and the boarding-school, assimilationist experiment. Keywords: Native Americans, captivity narratives, boarding schools, sexual abuse, assimilation. 1. Introduction Comparing Indian captivity narratives and writings on the Native American board- ing- school experience is as harrowing as it is instructive. Indian captivity narratives, mostly dating from 1528 to 1836, detail the ordeals of white, Euro-American women and men kidnapped by Native peoples. Separated from their families and white “civili- zation,” they subsequently lived for a time among Indian tribes. Such narratives can be seen as a prelude to a sharp reversal that occurred in the late nineteenth century under U.S.
  • 8​Th​ Annual Five College Queer Gender & Sexuality Conference

    8​Th​ Annual Five College Queer Gender & Sexuality Conference

    th 8 ​ annual five college ​ queer gender & sexuality conference rd friday march 3 ​ ​ ​& th saturday march 4 ​ hampshire college franklin patterson hall ​ table of contents About 3 Navigating Campus 4 Accessibility 4-5 Media Policies 5-6 Friday Schedule of Events 6 Saturday Schedule of Events 7-8 Opening Speakers 8 Keynote Speaker 9 Featured Speakers 10-11 Friday Night Events 12 Clothing Swap 13 Raffle & Cake! 13 Friday Workshop Descriptions 14-15 Saturday Workshop Descriptions 16-21 About Our Presenters & Organizers 22-27 Special Thanks 28-29 Save the Date! 29 2 about The Five College Queer Gender and Sexuality Conference aims to offer an ​ accountable and supportive environment to explore a wide range of topics and their intersections, such as race, genders, sexualities, ability, class, kink, religion, survival strategies, and many more, in a specifically queer context. Presenters include Five College students, faculty and staff, off-campus educators, and nationally-known performers, activists, speakers, and scholars. The conference is meant to be a safer space for engaging, learning, and fostering community. We are always looking for ways to adapt and improve, with the intention of remaining an annual event, and we welcome your feedback and participation in future organizing. As we enter our eighth year we are grateful for the tremendous level of support we receive from students, faculty, staff and administration throughout the Five College Consortium. We are committed to making this wonderful conference accessible, and are able to offer this as a free public event because of the generosity and dedication of volunteers and donors from the Five Colleges and beyond.
  • Progress Report on River Basin Water Quality Management Planning During 2010

    Progress Report on River Basin Water Quality Management Planning During 2010

    PROGRESS REPORT ON RIVER BASIN WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLANNING DURING 2010 A REPORT FOR: HOUSE & SENATE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE HOUSE & SENATE COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENERGY JANUARY 2011 PREPARED BY: VERMONT AGENCY OF NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION WATER QUALITY DIVISION 103 SOUTH MAIN STREET WATERBURY, VT 05671 www.vtwaterquality.org Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................3 Section 1) Statewide Surface Water Management Strategy - a Framework for Statewide Efforts to Guide Surface Water Management.................................................................................................................................5 Protecting & Improving Surface Waters by Managing Stressors ....................................................................5 What are the 10 Major Stressors affecting Vermont’s surface waters? ...........................................................6 Using the Stressor Approach to Evaluate Program Effectiveness ...................................................................6 Tactical Basin Planning: Managing waters along a gradient of condition.......................................................6 WQD Ambient Surface Water Monitoring & Assessment Strategy................................................................6 Public Input......................................................................................................................................................6
  • Master Plan for the Town of Bernardston, Massachusetts

    Master Plan for the Town of Bernardston, Massachusetts

    Master Plan For the Town of Bernardston, Massachusetts Hillary Collins, Mike Conover, Warren Lee, Rachel Lindsay, and Kate O’Brien The Conway School ● 2015 - 2016 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the following people for their support, guidance, and contributions to this report. Hugh Campbell, Bernardston’s Town Coordinator, served as the community representative for this project. He prepared reference materials and organized the Master Plan Steering Committee and community meeting logistics. John Lepore, the Chair of the Master Plan Steering Committee, led the initiative to work with the Conway School, conducted personal tours of the town, and compiled the comments of the committee members for this draft. Eric Almeida, Cris Coffin, Rena Grover, Bill Hill, Ana Kaiser, Peter Shedd, and Barre Tozloski, the members of the Master Plan Steering Committee, met on a regular basis and shared the perspectives of the committees and sectors they represent. Lou Atherton, President of the Historical Society, generously led an off-season tour of the unheated Historical Museum. Karen Stinchfield from the Cushman Library offered space to work and access to historical documents. Many departments, organizations, and individuals contributed information. Thank you to the more than thirty participants in the four community meetings, and to John Lepore, Annette Wadleigh-Mackin, Chris Wysk, Wendy Abramson, Bill Shores, Bill Montiglio, Peter Shedd, Catheryn Thomas, and Mary Leyden, who graciously shared photos. Mary Praus, Ryan Clary, Jessica Atwood, Megan Rhodes, and Glen Ayers from the Franklin Regional Council of Governments provided previous studies and GIS map layers, and shared their experiences working with the small towns of Franklin County.
  • WATERS THAT DRAIN VERMONT the Connecticut River Drains South

    WATERS THAT DRAIN VERMONT the Connecticut River Drains South

    WATERS THAT DRAIN VERMONT The Connecticut River drains south. Flowing into it are: Deerfield River, Greenfield, Massachusetts o Green River, Greenfield, Massachusetts o Glastenbury River, Somerset Fall River, Greenfield, Massachusetts Whetstone Brook, Brattleboro, Vermont West River, Brattleboro o Rock River, Newfane o Wardsboro Brook, Jamaica o Winhall River, Londonderry o Utley Brook, Londonderry Saxtons River, Westminster Williams River, Rockingham o Middle Branch Williams River, Chester Black River, Springfield Mill Brook, Windsor Ottauquechee River, Hartland o Barnard Brook, Woodstock o Broad Brook, Bridgewater o North Branch Ottauquechee River, Bridgewater White River, White River Junction o First Branch White River, South Royalton o Second Branch White River, North Royalton o Third Branch White River, Bethel o Tweed River, Stockbridge o West Branch White River, Rochester Ompompanoosuc River, Norwich o West Branch Ompompanoosuc River, Thetford Waits River, Bradford o South Branch Waits River, Bradford Wells River, Wells River Stevens River, Barnet Passumpsic River, Barnet o Joes Brook, Barnet o Sleepers River, St. Johnsbury o Moose River, St. Johnsbury o Miller Run, Lyndonville o Sutton River, West Burke Paul Stream, Brunswick Nulhegan River, Bloomfield Leach Creek, Canaan Halls Stream, Beecher Falls 1 Lake Champlain Lake Champlain drains into the Richelieu River in Québec, thence into the Saint Lawrence River, and into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Pike River, Venise-en-Quebec, Québec Rock River, Highgate Missisquoi
  • Impacts to Stream Habitat and Wild Trout Populations in Vermont Following Tropical Storm Irene

    Impacts to Stream Habitat and Wild Trout Populations in Vermont Following Tropical Storm Irene

    Impacts to Stream Habitat and Wild Trout Populations in Vermont Following Tropical Storm Irene Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department Annual Report State: Vermont Project No.: F-36-R-14 Grant Title: Inland Waters Fisheries and Habitat Management Study No. IX Study Title: Aquatic Habitat Conservation and Restoration Period Covered: July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012 Summary: Damage suffered from Tropical Storm Irene required immediate and in some cases extensive stream channel alteration to protect life and property and rebuild critical transportation infrastructure. However, a significant amount of instream activity was also conducted without proper consultation and oversight or for reasons beyond necessary flood recovery. These activities continued for several months after the flood event and covered a wide area of the central and southern portion of the state. Post-flood activities which were detrimental to aquatic habitat quality and diversity included large scale removal of streambed material and natural wood, berming of streambed materials to raise streambank elevations and the straightening of stream channels. These activities resulted in homogeneous, overwidened stream channels comprised of small substrates and lacking the diversity of habitats, flows and depths necessary to support robust aquatic populations. As fish population recovery and fisheries management options will be dependant on aquatic habitat quality and complexity, the Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife conducted an assessment of post-flood aquatic habitats in selected watersheds. This partial assessment estimated a total of 77 miles of stream with major degradation of aquatic habitat resulting from post-flood stream channel alteration activities. Long-term monitoring studies in Vermont indicate that, in the absence of post-flood channel alterations, wild trout populations generally recover within 2-4 years.
  • T Ro U T Sto C K E D Wat E Rs

    T Ro U T Sto C K E D Wat E Rs

    2021 MASSACHUSETTS TROUT STOCKED WATERS WESTERN DISTRICT Daily stocking updates can be viewed at Mass.gov/Trout. All listed waters are stocked in the spring. Bold waters are stocked in spring and fall. ADAMS: Dry Brook, Hoosic River FLORIDA: Cold River, Deerfield River, North Pond ALFORD: Green River GOSHEN: Stones Brook, Swift River,Upper Highland Lake ASHFIELD: Ashfield Pond, Clesson Brook, South River, Swift River, Upper Branch GRANVILLE: Hubbard River BECKET: Greenwater Pond, Walker Brook, West GREAT BARRINGTON: Green River, Mansfield Pond, Branch Westfield River, Yokum Brook West Brook, Williams River BLANDFORD: Potash Brook HANCOCK: Berry Pond, Kinderhook Creek BUCKLAND: Clesson Brook, Deerfield River HAWLEY: Chickley River CHARLEMONT: Chickley River, Cold River, Deerfield HINSDALE: East Branch Housatonic River, Plunkett River, Pelham Brook Reservoir, Windsor Brook CHESHIRE: Dry Brook, Hoosic River, South Brook HUNTINGTON: Little River, Littleville Lake, Middle Branch Westfield River, Norwich Pond, West Branch CHESTER: Littleville Lake, Middle Branch Westfield Westfield River, Westfield River River, Walker Brook, West Branch Westfield River LANESBOROUGH: Pontoosuc Lake, Town Brook CHESTERFIELD: West Branch Brook, Westfield River LEE: Beartown Brook, Goose Pond Brook, CLARKSBURG: Hudson Brook, North Branch Hoosic Greenwater Brook, Hop Brook, Housatonic River, River Laurel Lake, West Brook CUMMINGTON: Mill Brook, Swift River, Westfield LENOX: Yokun Brook Brook, Westfield River MIDDLEFIELD: Factory Brook, Middle Branch DALTON: East
  • Valley Opportunity Council Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan

    Valley Opportunity Council Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan

    Valley Opportunity Council Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan 2018-2020 Valley Opportunity Council 2018-2020 Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan Table of Contents Executive Summary Page 1 Board Authorization Page 3 Agency Description Page 4 Mission Statement Page 5 Vision Statement Page 6 Community Profiles Page 7 Community and Internal Assessment Process Page 93 Key Findings: Community Assessment Page 97 Key Findings: Internal Assessment Page 104 Strategic Three Year Goals Page 109 Specific Objectives Page 116 Plan Monitoring and Reporting Page 119 Works Cited Page 120 Valley Opportunity Council 2018-2020 Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan Executive Summary Valley Opportunity Council (VOC) has been serving low and moderate-income individuals and families in Western Massachusetts for over 50 years. VOC offers programming in a variety of areas including: Adult Education College and Career Readiness Early Education and Child Care Energy Assistance Homeless and Supportive Services Housing Nutrition Senior Services VOC’s leadership team began planning for our 2018-2020 Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan in June of 2016. Since then, we have distributed, collected, and analyzed hundreds of surveys from community members, participants, board members, and employees. We have held multiple focus groups, interviewed various key stakeholders, and researched the causes and conditions of poverty in our community. All of this data was studied and compiled into our 2018-2020 Community Assessment Report and Strategic Plan (CARSP). The following report contains an overview of VOC, including a description of our agency, our mission statement, and our vision statement. Additionally, we have provided a detailed summary of all of the communities we serve, a total of 79, throughout Western Massachusetts.
  • Eastern Woodland Indian Tribes

    Eastern Woodland Indian Tribes

    Eastern Woodland Indian Tribes Tribes of the Eastern Woodlands *Abenaki Tribe *Algonquin Tribe *Cayuga Tribe *Chippewa Tribe *Huron/Wyandot Tribe *Illinois Tribe *Iroquois Tribe *Kickapoo Tribe *Lenape Tribe *Lumbee Tribe *Maliseet Tribe *Menominee Tribe *Miami Tribe *Micmac Tribe *Mohawk Tribe *Mohegan Tribe *Mohican Tribe *Montauk Tribe *Munsee Tribe *Nanticoke Tribe *Narragansett Tribe Family letter *Niantic Tribe *Nipmuc Tribe “The Indians of our tribe were the Oneidas-at one time they adopted another tribe. It could *Nottoway Tribe have been the Ojibwa’s.” In a letter written to Dora Green Steinhaus (pictured below on top right) by Elise *Oneida Tribe *Onondaga Tribe Hazen Green. (Pictured below on bottom right) *Ottawa Tribe *Passamaquoddy Tribe “Lucy Skeesuck was a Naragansett Indian. She was kicked off the reservation for *Penobscot Tribe *Pocomtuc Tribe marrying a white guy (Mr. Welch). Their daughter, Mary Ann Welch , was born on *Potawatomi Tribe the reservation of the Pequot tribe. Mary Ann’s daughter was Helen Cornelia Welch. *Powhatan Tribe *Quiripi/Quinnipiac Tribe She had a daughter, Dora Wilber. Dora had a daughter named Elsie Hazen. Elsie’s *Sac and Fox Tribe *Seneca Tribe eldest daughter you knew and loved as Nana. She was Dora Green Stienhaus” In an *Shawnee Tribe email from Barb Steinhaus, great aunt of Brienz Ottman. Written 2/5/15 *Susquehannock Tribe *Wampanoag Tribe *Wappinger Tribe *Winnebago/Hochunk Tribe Wigwams Wigwams are a typical home for the Eastern Woodlands. A wigwam is a dwelling first used by certain Native American and Canadian First Nations tribes. Now it is used for ceremonial purposes. Wigwams were mostly made of things found in the surrondings like sticks, grass, bark, and mud.
  • Broadsides-Handbills-Posters(1)

    Broadsides-Handbills-Posters(1)

    Title Author Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Size Imprint Notes Location Castleman, 19.5 x Wanted poster for a runaway Afro-Americans Slavery n.p., 1840 Box 1, Folder 1 William A. 25 cm. slave; condition poor. $100 reward. 24 x 16 Poem of a slave's lament for I've Wandered by the Hut Side. Afro-Americans Poetry Boston, n.d. Box 1, Folder 1 cm. his departed love. Resolves adopted by a At a legal meeting of the inhabitants of the Boston, 32.5 x committee of citizens War of 1812 Dawes, Thomas [Boston], 1812 Box 1, Folder 10 town of Boston. (missing as of 10/2020) commerce 20 cm. opposed to war with Britain, Printed on 3 pages. American Military Saratoga, 18.5 x Norwich, VT, Reports on the battles of Box 1, Folder 10 Revolution intelligence battle of 33 cm. [1777] Bemis Heights and Saratoga. Fresh advices! Report on the status of the Militia, Massachusetts, 20.5 x militia in Massachusetts by Donnison, William [Boston?, 1805] Box 1, Folder 10 Massachusetts Militia 34 cm. William Donnison, Commander in Chief. General orders. Form listing number of 35 x 22 Whereas it has been represented to this Military Boston, 1778 enlisted men by county and Box 1, Folder 10 cm. court, that a number of men, who have town. inlisted into the Continental army, Photocopy of typed General orders/instructions for soldiers in 21.5 x annotations on back; brief the service of the United States, Militia Hygiene Health 35.5 [n.p. c.1776] Box 1, Folder 10 biography of Alexander concerning the Means of Preserving Health cm.