DOCSLIB.ORG

James Henry Lane, the Union, and the Development of Total War on the Kansas-Missouri Border

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
James Henry Lane, the Union, and the Development of Total War on the Kansas-Missouri Border Pittsburg State University Pittsburg State University Digital Commons Electronic Thesis Collection Winter 12-15-2017 THE MARCH OF THE UNION ARMIES: JAMES HENRY LANE, THE UNION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL WAR ON THE KANSAS-MISSOURI BORDER Alex Lahasky Pittsburg State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pittstate.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Lahasky, Alex, "THE MARCH OF THE UNION ARMIES: JAMES HENRY LANE, THE UNION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL WAR ON THE KANSAS-MISSOURI BORDER" (2017). Electronic Thesis Collection. 261. https://digitalcommons.pittstate.edu/etd/261 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Pittsburg State University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of Pittsburg State University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MARCH OF THE UNION ARMIES: JAMES HENRY LANE, THE UNION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL WAR ON THE KANSAS-MISSOURI BORDER A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Alex Wilson Lahasky Pittsburg State University Pittsburg, Kansas December, 2017 THE MARCH OF THE UNION ARMIES: JAMES HENRY LANE, THE UNION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL WAR ON THE KANSAS-MISSOURI BORDER Alex Wilson Lahasky APPROVED: Thesis Advisor _______________________________________________________ Dr. John L. S. Daley, History, Philosophy, and Social Sciences Committee Member ___________________________________________________ Dr. Kirstin L. Lawson, History, Philosophy, and Social Sciences Committee Member ___________________________________________________ Dr. Charles C. Blatchley, Physics ACKNOWLEDGMENTS As with any project of this magnitude, the present study is the product of many people’s efforts. I must extended my sincerest gratitude to my thesis advisory committee at Pittsburg State University: Dr. John L. S. Daley, Dr. Kirstin L. Lawson, and Dr. Charles C. Blatchley. This project would not have been possible if not for their patience, guidance, and encouragement. I am also grateful to my undergraduate history professors at William Carey University, Dr. Jonathan Brooke and Dr. Myron C. Noonkester, who first instilled in me a passion for the study of history. Special thanks are in order to the staffs of the Axe Library at Pittsburg State University and the Spencer Research Library at the University of Kansas, and to my colleagues in the history department at Blue Valley West High School. Finally, my sincerest thanks are owed to my parents, Mark and Sally Lahasky, to whom this study is dedicated for their undying love and support, and to my patient partner, Jennifer Berroth, who endured many a lonely summer afternoon and weekend night as I labored on this project. iii THE MARCH OF THE UNION ARMIES: JAMES HENRY LANE, THE UNION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOTAL WAR ON THE KANSAS-MISSOURI BORDER An Abstract of the Thesis by Alex Wilson Lahasky James Henry Lane was a giant of Kansas politics during the mid-nineteenth century. His leadership during the territorial crisis of 1855—commonly known as the “Bleeding Kansas” era—contributed mightily to Kansas’s entry as a free state in 1861. During the early stages of the ensuing Civil War, Lane’s political and military presence on the plains was ubiquitous; he served simultaneously as a United States Senator and a brigadier general of the Union Army. Lane’s activities during the first year of the war provide the focal point of the present study. With Kansas under threat from secessionist elements in neighboring Missouri, Lane commanded a three-regiment brigade of volunteers in the fall of 1861. His tactics, though unconventional for the time, served to temporarily flush the region of its pro- Confederate operations. The present study evaluates the enigmatic memory of this 1861 campaign. Although the historiographical record depicts Lane as a radical jayhawker in the same category as Charles Jennison and James Montgomery, evidence suggests that his ideological motivation was far from radical. Despite the charges of his critics, Lane exhibited consistent political principles throughout his career. At the core of his beliefs were a Jacksonian brand of Unionism and a politically based opposition to slavery. As the 1850s waned, Lane’s opposition to the “peculiar institution” intensified; Bleeding Kansas revealed to him that the Southern Slave Power and the Union had grown incompatible with one another. When the war iv began, this recognition inspired Lane to wage total war on the rebel citizenry and on the institution of slavery itself. Lane’s controversial tactics, however, were not the product of a moral crusade against the institution, but rather the realization that unrestricted coercion of the South was a strategic necessity. Lane was among the first Union generals to make war in this way, demonstrating an understanding of the conflict that was years ahead of his time. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..................................................................................................iii ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................v CHAPTER I. Introduction...................................................................................................1 CHAPTER II. Historiography.............................................................................................5 CHAPTER III. Man of Jackson: Jim Lane’s Political Pedigree........................................21 CHAPTER IV. Man of Douglas: Jim Lane in Indiana.......................................................37 CHAPTER V. Man of Seward: Lane’s Path to Republicanism.........................................58 CHAPTER VI. Man of Robinson: Jim Lane and Bleeding Kansas...................................83 CHAPTER VII. Man of Lincoln: Jim Lane and the Outbreak of War.............................101 CHAPTER VIII. Man of Sherman: The Lane Brigade in Western Missouri...................112 CHAPTER IX. Conclusion: Jim Lane’s Return to Politics..............................................137 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................148 vi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION In terms of its drama, Kansas’s path to statehood is unrivaled. Her story, which features fraud, shadow governments, failed constitutions, and violence, reads like a prequel to the American Civil War. Although sectionalism had long been a defining feature of the United States, the first real manifestation of the “irrepressible conflict” occurred on Kansas soil. There, Free State and proslavery interests jockeyed to secure the territory for their respective section. Kansas’s entrance to the Union as the thirty- seventh state represented a small victory for democracy, but it came amid an apparent collapse of the American democratic experiment. No sooner did Kansas join the Union than did that Union plunge into the bloodiest conflict in its history. Kansas’s part in the Civil War contained all the drama that had become familiar to her frontier settlers—with the added stakes of the very survival of the nation. Perhaps no single person was more influential during Kansas’s formative years than James Henry Lane. The Indiana migrant and son of a United States congressman became the public face of the Free State movement. When the territorial crisis turned violent, Lane became Kansas’s chief protector. During the first year of the Civil War, he became Kansas’s foremost champion of the Union. Lane was the state’s first senator and the first sitting senator in American history to lead troops in battle. By all accounts, he 1 was a clever politician and a master orator. Though not without enemies, Lane was a true representative of the American frontier: hardy, self-made, and resilient. Yet, in the historiographical record of Kansas history, Lane remains enigmatic. The prevailing body of literature on Lane reduces the Kansas politician to a caricature— defined more by his eccentric personality than his ideology or accomplishments. As a result, many who have endeavored to tell his story have misinterpreted the nature of that ideology and the weight of those accomplishments. To some extent, the present study intends to redeem Lane’s memory as a legitimate and preeminent frontier politician of the Civil War era. To a greater extent, however, the study endeavors to fill a gap that exists both in Kansas historiography, and in that of the American Civil War. Jim Lane saw his first military action in the Mexican American War and got his first taste of national politics as a congressman from Indiana. His real notoriety, however, began after he became a Kansan in 1855. Following his relocation from Indiana, Lane underwent a change in party affiliation and became a political figurehead of the Free State movement in Kansas. During the Bleeding Kansas era, Lane also exercised military control as the commander of the Free State Militia, a ragtag collection of volunteers assembled to defend Lawrence against the region’s pro-slavery posses. After Kansas finally achieved her statehood, Lane took up arms again—this time on the pretense of Civil War. During the war's first year, Lane exercised controversial military authority as the commander of a three-regiment formation known as the Kansas Brigade.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Election Division Presidential Electors Faqs and Roster of Electors, 1816
    Election Division Presidential Electors FAQ Q1: How many presidential electors does Indiana have? What determines this number? Indiana currently has 11 presidential electors. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States provides that each state shall appoint a number of electors equal to the number of Senators or Representatives to which the state is entitled in Congress. Since Indiana has currently has 9 U.S. Representatives and 2 U.S. Senators, the state is entitled to 11 electors. Q2: What are the requirements to serve as a presidential elector in Indiana? The requirements are set forth in the Constitution of the United States. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 provides that "no Senator or Representative, or person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector." Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment also states that "No person shall be... elector of President or Vice-President... who, having previously taken an oath... to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. Congress may be a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability." These requirements are included in state law at Indiana Code 3-8-1-6(b). Q3: How does a person become a candidate to be chosen as a presidential elector in Indiana? Three political parties (Democratic, Libertarian, and Republican) have their presidential and vice- presidential candidates placed on Indiana ballots after their party's national convention.
    [Show full text]
  • Abraham Lincoln and the American Regime: Explorations George Anastaplo Loyola University Chicago, School of Law, [email protected]
    Loyola University Chicago, School of Law LAW eCommons Faculty Publications & Other Works 2000 Abraham Lincoln and the American Regime: Explorations George Anastaplo Loyola University Chicago, School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/facpubs Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Legal Biography Commons Recommended Citation Anastaplo, George, Abraham Lincoln and the American Regime: Explorations, 35 VAL. U. L. REV. 39 (2000) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by LAW eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications & Other Works by an authorized administrator of LAW eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABRAHAM LINCOLN AND THE AMERICAN REGIME: EXPLORATIONS George Anastaplo" TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR THIS COLLECTION INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................40 I. OUR DISPUTED "CREATED EQUAL" HERITAGE .............................41 II. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE REVISITED .......................66 III. A MURDER TRIAL IN SPRINGFIELD ................................................81 IV. ABRAHAM LINCOLN AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS ..........92 V. THE COOPER INSTITUTE ADDRESS ....................................................104 VI. A POLITICAL AUTOBIOGRAPHY .......................................................116 VII. THE SECOND INAUGURAL ADDRESS ................................................137 C O N CLUSIO N ...................................................................................................150
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Bibliography -- Trailtones
    Annotated Bibliography -- Trailtones Part Three: Annotated Bibliography Contents: Abdul, Raoul. Blacks in Classical Music. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1977. [Mentions Tucson-born Ulysses Kay and his 'New Horizons' composition, performed by the Moscow State Radio Orchestra and cited in Pravda in 1958. His most recent opera was Margeret Walker's Jubilee.] Adams, Alice D. The Neglected Period of Anti-Slavery n America 1808-1831. Gloucester, Massachusetts: Peter Smith, 1964. [Charts the locations of Colonization groups in America.] Adams, George W. Doctors in Blue: the Medical History of the Union Army. New York: Henry Schuman, 1952. [Gives general information about the Civil War doctors.] Agee, Victoria. National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States. Teanack, New Jersey: Chadwick Healy, 1983. [The Black History collection is cited . Also found are: Mexico City Census counts, Arizona Indians, the Army, Fourth Colored Infantry, New Mexico and Civil War Pension information.] Ainsworth, Fred C. The War of the Rebellion Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. General Index. [Volumes I and Volume IV deal with Arizona.] Alwick, Henry. A Geography of Commodities. London: George G. Harrop and Co., 1962. [Tells about distribution of workers with certain crops, like sugar cane.] Amann, William F.,ed. Personnel of the Civil War: The Union Armies. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961. [Gives Civil War genealogy of the Black Regiments that moved into Arizona from the United States Colored troops.] American Folklife Center. Ethnic Recordings in America: a Neglected Heritage. Washington: Library of Congress, 1982. [Talks of the Black Sacred Harping Singing, Blues & Gospel and Blues records of 1943- 66 by Mike Leadbetter.] American Historical Association Annual Report.
    [Show full text]
  • POLE RAISING: a CAMPAIGN ACTIVITY Introduction by George A
    POLE RAISING: A CAMPAIGN ACTIVITY Introduction by George A. Turner Often a special feature of political party rallies during presidential campaigns in the mid- 1800s involved raising a large pole for a candidate. Democrats used a hickory tree in honor of Andrew Jackson, known as "Old Hickory," and the father of the party. The Whigs favored a poplar tree for their pole raising events. When the Republicans came into existence, they adopted the poplar since many of its members were former Whigs. Selecting the right pole was an important decision. It needed to be proportioned and of great height. It took several people to cut and trim the tree, haul it to the meeting, and put it upright in a hole. Columbia Democrat and The Star of the North, two Democrat newspapers in Bloomsburg, each published an article in late summer1860 about two Democratic political meetings in Sugarloaf Township and Bloomsburg that raised "hickory poles." It was election time with a large majority of Pennsylvania Democrats supporting Vice President John C. Breckinridge, a Kentucky slave owner for President, Senator Joseph Lane of Oregon for Vice President, and Henry Foster for Governor. Pole Raising in Bloomsburg The Star of the North, August 22, 1860 The friends of Breckinridge, Lane and Foster, erected on last Saturday afternoon, between the house of five and six o’clock in East Bloomsburg, near the residence of Mr. Henry Wanich, a magnificent hickory pole, not much short of one hundred feet in length, with a streamer on the tope, and a splendid flag bearing the names of Breckinridge, Lane and Foster, our gallant Democratic nominees.
    [Show full text]
  • Cwa News-Fall 2016
    2 Communications Workers of America / fall 2016 Hardworking Americans Deserve LABOR DAY: the Truth about Donald Trump CWA t may be hard ers on Trump’s Doral Miami project in Florida who There’s no question that Donald Trump would be to believe that weren’t paid; dishwashers at a Trump resort in Palm a disaster as president. I Labor Day Beach, Fla. who were denied time-and-a half for marks the tradi- overtime hours; and wait staff, bartenders, and oth- If we: tional beginning of er hourly workers at Trump properties in California Want American employers to treat the “real” election and New York who didn’t receive tips customers u their employees well, we shouldn’t season, given how earmarked for them or were refused break time. vote for someone who stiffs workers. long we’ve already been talking about His record on working people’s right to have a union Want American wages to go up, By CWA President Chris Shelton u the presidential and bargain a fair contract is just as bad. Trump says we shouldn’t vote for someone who campaign. But there couldn’t be a higher-stakes he “100%” supports right-to-work, which weakens repeatedly violates minimum wage election for American workers than this year’s workers’ right to bargain a contract. Workers at his laws and says U.S. wages are too presidential election between Hillary Clinton and hotel in Vegas have been fired, threatened, and high. Donald Trump. have seen their benefits slashed. He tells voters he opposes the Trans-Pacific Partnership – a very bad Want jobs to stay in this country, u On Labor Day, a day that honors working people trade deal for working people – but still manufac- we shouldn’t vote for someone who and kicks off the final election sprint to November, tures his clothing and product lines in Bangladesh, manufactures products overseas.
    [Show full text]
  • National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
    NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 10024-0018 Oct. 1990 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties ah Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A) Com riate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable. ForTunctions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-9000a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property Historic name Black Jack Battlefield Other name/site number 2. Location U. S. Highway 56 and County Road 2000, three miles , , ., ... .. Street & number oast of Baldwin City - D not for publ,cat,on City or town Baldwin [x] vicinity State Kansas Code KS County Douglas Code 045 Zip code 66006 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this IE1 nomination D request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property CED meets D does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant D nationally D statewide £<] locally. (D See continuation sheet for additional comments.) March 1,2004 Signature of certifying official/Title Date Kansas State Historical Society State or Federal agency and bureau ___ ________ In my opinion, the property D meets Q does not meet the National Register criteria.
    [Show full text]
  • End: Grant Sidebar>>>>>
    FINAL History of Wildwood 1860-1919 (chapter for 2018 printing) In the prior chapter, some of the key factors leading to the Civil War were discussed. Among them were the Missouri Compromise of 1820, the McIntosh Incident in 1836, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 which led to “the Bleeding Kansas” border war, and the Dred Scott case which was finally decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1856. Two books were published during this turbulent pre-war period that reflected the conflicts that were brewing. One was a work of fiction: Uncle Tom’s Cabin or a Life Among the Lowly by Harriet Beecher Stowe published in 1852. It was an anti-slavery novel and helped fuel the abolitionist movement in the 1850s. It was widely popular with 300,000 books sold in the United States in its first year. The second book was nonfiction: Twelve Years a Slave was the memoir of Solomon Northup. Northup was a free born black man from New York state who was kidnapped in Washington, D.C. and sold into slavery. He was in bondage for 12 years until family in New York secretly received information about his location and situation and arranged for his release with the assistance of officials of the State of New York. His memoir details the slave markets, the details of sugar and cotton production and the treatment of slaves on major plantations. This memoir, published in 1853, gave factual support to the story told in Stowe’s novel. These two books reflected and enhanced the ideological conflicts that le d to the Civil War.
    [Show full text]
  • The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860
    PRESERVING THE WHITE MAN’S REPUBLIC: THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN CONSERVATISM, 1847-1860 Joshua A. Lynn A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: Harry L. Watson William L. Barney Laura F. Edwards Joseph T. Glatthaar Michael Lienesch © 2015 Joshua A. Lynn ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Joshua A. Lynn: Preserving the White Man’s Republic: The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860 (Under the direction of Harry L. Watson) In the late 1840s and 1850s, the American Democratic party redefined itself as “conservative.” Yet Democrats’ preexisting dedication to majoritarian democracy, liberal individualism, and white supremacy had not changed. Democrats believed that “fanatical” reformers, who opposed slavery and advanced the rights of African Americans and women, imperiled the white man’s republic they had crafted in the early 1800s. There were no more abstract notions of freedom to boundlessly unfold; there was only the existing liberty of white men to conserve. Democrats therefore recast democracy, previously a progressive means to expand rights, as a way for local majorities to police racial and gender boundaries. In the process, they reinvigorated American conservatism by placing it on a foundation of majoritarian democracy. Empowering white men to democratically govern all other Americans, Democrats contended, would preserve their prerogatives. With the policy of “popular sovereignty,” for instance, Democrats left slavery’s expansion to territorial settlers’ democratic decision-making.
    [Show full text]
  • D Ocu Me 11T S the LETTERS of GODLOVE S
    D ocu me 11t s THE LETTERS OF GODLOVE S. ORTH, HOOSIER WHIG Edited by J. HERMANSCHAUINGER With the election of William Henry Harrison to the presidency in 1841, the Whig party took charge of national affairs. His nomination also helped the party in Indiana, but its triumph in the nation and the state was short-lived. Its connection in Indiana with internal improvements, which proved so disastrous after the panic of 1837, was to return to haunt its members during the forties. The death of Har- rison left the national party without adequate leadership and it divided into its various factions. For it was a party of compromise, made up of diverse and incompatible elements, and so was destined to disintegrate and to disappear from the scene. The rise of the slavery issue and the appearance of the Liberty and Free Soil parties was to hasten this dis- integration. Much has been written about the Whig party in the national arena, but comparatively little about its activity in various states. Often national careers began in state poli- tics, and some were terminated by the concurrence of leaders in the various states, who, although not known in national circles, were important political figures at home. The letters of Godlove S. Orth in the period of the 1840’s illustrate these points. The letter of August 16, 1845, con- tains an interesting description of the differences among Indiana Whigs. Other letters reveal the seriousness of the internal improvement issue. Orth’s distrust of General Zach- ary Taylor is also clearly stated, and finally the discourage- ment caused by frequent defeat and the appearance of the Liberty party is evident.
    [Show full text]
  • Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era'
    H-CivWar Berwanger on Etcheson, 'Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era' Review published on Wednesday, September 1, 2004 Nicole Etcheson. Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2004. xiv + 370 pp. $35.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-7006-1287-1. Reviewed by Eugene Berwanger (Department of History, Colorado State University) Published on H-CivWar (September, 2004) The Kansas Imbroglio Writings on Kansas Territory have been perplexing, chiefly because historians cannot agree on the motivations of the pioneer Kansans. Some have portrayed the struggle in Kansas as a battle between good and evils forces, one hoping to foist slavery on the territory and the other to keep it free. Others contended that the slavery issue has been overemphasized, insisting most individual quarrels were over land claims. More recently, some historians have accentuated the issue of race, claiming that proslavery settlers would allow blacks, but only as a servile class, while antislavery people wished to establish a free white state that excluded blacks altogether. Nicole Etcheson adds a slightly different twist to this historical controversy. In her view both pro- and antislavery groups were attempting to preserve their liberties as they perceived them. Those favoring slavery used the southern argument, insisting that the U.S. Constitution allowed them to take their "property" into frontier regions because the territories were held in common by all the states and citizens could not denied their "privileges and immunities." Emigrants from the northern states, in the first year of settlement, were not of one mind about slavery.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
    CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy.
    [Show full text]
  • Taining to Kansas in the Civil War
    5' 4 THE EMPORIA STATE TflE GRADUATE PUBLICATION OF THE KANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, EMPORIA . Selected, Annotated Bibliography of Sources gin the Kansas State Historical Society Per- taining to Kansas in the Civil War QuankSs mid on Lawrence, August 21, 1863 (Kansas State Historical Society) J 4' .I.-' -.- a. By Eugene Donald Decker KANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE EMPORIA, KANSAS A Selected, Annotated Bibliography of Sources ili the Kansas State Historical Society Pertaining to Kansas in the Civil War By Eugene Donald Decker <- VOLUME 9 JUNE 1961 NUMBER 4 THE EMPORIA STATE RESEARCH STUDIES is published in September, Dwember, March and June of each year by the Graduate Division of the Kansas State Teachers College, 1200 Commercial St., Emporia, Kansas. En- tered as second-class matter September 16, 1952, at the post office at Em- poria, Kansas, under the act of August 24, 1912. Postage paid at Emporia, Kansas. KANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE EMPORIA . KANSAS JOHN E. KING President of the College THE GRADUATE DIVISION LAURENCEC. BOYLAN,Dean EDITORIAL BOARD TEDI?. ANDREWS,Professor of Biology and Head of Department WILLIAMH. SEILER,Professor of Social Scknce and Chairman of Division CHARLESE. WALTON,Professor of English GREEND. WYRICK,Associate Professor of English Editor of this issue: WILLIAMH. SEILER This publication is a continuation of Studies in Educa.tion published by the Graduate Division from 1930 to 1945. Papers published in this periodical are writ'ten by faculty members of the Kansas State Teachers College of Ernporia and by either undergraduate or graduabe students whose studies are conducted in residence under the super- vision of a faculty m,ember of the college.
    [Show full text]