Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro Centro De Letras E Artes Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Música Doutorado Em Música

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Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro Centro De Letras E Artes Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Música Doutorado Em Música UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO CENTRO DE LETRAS E ARTES PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM MÚSICA DOUTORADO EM MÚSICA A CONFLUÊNCIA DE ELEMENTOS DE MÚSICA CLÁSSICA E JAZZ EM COMPOSIÇÕES DE VICTOR ASSIS BRASIL – PROPOSTAS INTERPRETATIVAS MARCO TÚLIO DE PAULA PINTO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011 A CONFLUÊNCIA DE ELEMENTOS DE MÚSICA CLÁSSICA E JAZZ EM COMPOSIÇÕES DE VICTOR ASSIS BRASIL – PROPOSTAS INTERPRETATIVAS por MARCO TÚLIO DE PAULA PINTO Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Música do Centro de Letras e Artes da UNIRIO, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor, sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Sergio Azra Barrenechea. Rio de Janeiro, 2011 Pinto, Marco Túlio de Paula. P659 A confluência de elementos de música clássica e jazz em composições de Victor Assis Brasil – propostas interpretativas / Marco Túlio de Paula Pinto, 2011. 237f + 1 CD-ROM. Orientador: Sérgio Azra Barrenechea. Tese (Doutorado em Música) – Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2011. 1. Música – Análise, apreciação. 2. Música clássica. 3. Jazz. 4. Saxofone. 4. Música confluente. I. Barrenechea, Sérgio Azra. II. Universidade Fede- ral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (2003-). Centro de Letras e Artes. Curso de Doutorado em Música. III. Título. CDD – 780.15 Autorizo a cópia de minha tese “A confluência de elementos de música clássica e jazz em composições de Victor Assis Brasil - propostas interpretativas” para fins didáticos Dedico este trabalho à minha amada esposa Marinete, companheira de tantos anos e lutas, e aos meus filhos Dafne e Cícero. iii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a meus pais, sem os quais seria impossível aqui estar. A Nete, esposa amada, e a Dafne e Cícero, filhos que me enchem de orgulho, pelas horas e dias ausente, absorto pela pesquisa. A Sergio Barrenechea, meu orientador, pela confiança e serenidade. Aos entrevistados: Célia Vaz, Claudio Roditi, João Carlos Assis Brasil, Kenny Werner, Nelson Ayres, Roberto Sion e Zeca Assumpção, pelas valiosas informações. Ao amigo José Rua e os músicos da UFRJazz Essemble pela viabilização da realização do concerto com as obras confluentes de Victor Assis Brasil. O mesmo vale para Eduardo Henrique e os amigos do quarteto Palheta Carioca, Wladimir Marques, Vinícius Macedo e Vitor Medeiros. A Paulo Assis Brasil pelo acesso irrestrito às partituras das obras. A Nelson Tolipan, J. Carlos, Lauro Gomes, Ligia Amadio, Marco Aurélio Vilas Boas, pela pesquisa nos acervos da Rádio MEC e da Orquestra Sinfônica Nacional. A Stan Getz Library, em Berklee College of Music, pelo acesso ao seu acervo. A Débora Moreira e Alexandre Freitas, pelo suporte nas traduções. E a todos os amigos que de alguma maneira contribuíram para a realização desta pesquisa. A minha mãe, um agradecimento especial pela revisão ortográfica. iv PINTO, Marco Túlio de Paula. A confluência de elementos de música clássica e jazz em composições de Victor Assis Brasil – Propostas interpretativas. 2010. Tese (Doutorado em Música) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música, Centro de Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a confluência de elementos de música clássica e jazz em obras compostas por Victor Assis Brasil (1945-1981), saxofonista brasileiro geralmente identificado com a linguagem jazzística, bem como apresentar propostas para a sua interpretação, tendo como referencial teórico os conceitos de Third Stream, concebido por Gunther Schuller (1989) e de música confluente, utilizado por Clarence Stuessy (1977), que descrevem obras com as mesmas características. Após um levantamento de obras compostas pelo saxofonista que mesclam elementos de música clássica e jazz, três composições foram selecionadas para análise: Prelude for saxophone and piano, Saxophone Quartet #1 e Dialogues. O estudo apresenta ainda uma comparação entre duas escolas de saxofone, uma voltada para a música clássica e outra para o jazz. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a importância do intercâmbio entre os fundamentos de ambas para a interpretação desse repertório. Palavras-chave: Jazz - Música Clássica - Música Confluente - Saxofone - Interpretação v PINTO, Marco Túlio de Paula - The confluence of elements of classical music and jazz in Victor Assis Brasil’s compositions. Performing proposals. 2010 – Dissertation (Doutorado em Música) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música, Centro de Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to identify the confluence of the elements of classical music and jazz in the works composed by Victor Assis Brazil (1945-1981), a Brazilian saxophonist usually identified with the jazz language, as well as to present proposals to its performance, having as teoric reference the concepts of the Third Stream, created by Gunther Schuller (1989) and the musical confluence, used by Clarence Stuessy (1977), that describe works with the same charactistics. After a survey of the works composed by the saxophonist that mix the elements of classical music and jazz, three compositions were selected for analysis: Prelude for saxophone and piano, Saxophone Quartet #1 and Dialogues. The study also presents a comparison between the two schools of saxophone, one directed to classical music and the other to jazz. The results of the research point to the importance of the interchanging of both fundamentals in performing this repertoire. key words: Jazz - Classical Music - Confluent Music - Saxophone - Performance vi PINTO, Marco Tulio de Paula - La confluence des éléments de musique classique et jazz dans compositions du Victor Assis Brasil - Propositions d'interprétation. 2010 - Thèse (Doutorado em Música) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música, Centro de Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. RÉSUMÉ Cette recherche a comme objectif l’identification de la confluence d’éléments de musique classique et du jazz dans des œuvres composées par Victor Assis Brasil (1945-1981), saxophoniste Brésilien généralement associé au langage jazzistique. Cette thèse a également par but la présentation de propositions pour sa pratique instrumentale, ayant comme axe théorique le concept de Third Stream, conçu par Gunther Schuller (1989), et celui de musique confluente, appliqué par Clarence Stuessy (1977) pour décrire des œuvres similaires. Après une sélection d’œuvres qui fusionnent des éléments de musique classique et jazz, trois compositions ont étés choisis : Prelude for saxophone and piano, Saxophone Quartet #1 et Dialogues. L’étude comprend encore une comparaison entre les deux écoles de saxophone : celle d’une tradition classique et celle du jazz. Les résultats de la recherche nous révèlent l’importance des échanges entre les bases de ces deux voies à l’intérieur de la pratique de ce répertoire. Mots-clefs: Jazz - Musique Classique - Musique Confluente - Saxophone - Interprétation. vii LISTA DE EXEMPLOS MUSICAIS Exemplo 1 - Estrutura harmônica de So What. .....................................................................61 Exemplo 2 - Notação do subtone. .........................................................................................70 Exemplo 3 - Representação gráfica do controle do vibrato....................................................74 Exemplo 4 - Articulação de colcheias no jazz. ......................................................................78 Exemplo 5 - Representação da interpretação das colcheias com swing..................................79 Exemplo 6 - Figuração recorrente na seção A.....................................................................119 Exemplo 7 - Notação alternativa da fig. de A......................................................................119 Exemplo 8 - Membros da frase da segunda parte da seção A. .............................................120 Exemplo 9 - Passagem entre as seções A e B......................................................................121 Exemplo 10 - Segunda seção – Linha do saxofone quadriplicada........................................122 Exemplo 11 - Compassos iniciais de Footprints de Wayne Shorter.....................................123 Exemplo 12 - Figuração rítmica 3+2...................................................................................123 Exemplo 13 - Linha interna compassos 51 a 53. .................................................................125 Exemplo 14 - Motivo da seção E........................................................................................125 Exemplo 15 - Seção E comp. 69 a 74..................................................................................126 Exemplo 16 - Ampliação da 2a. parte da seção H. ..............................................................128 Exemplo 17 - Comp. 118 e 119 - inciso derivado da seção A..............................................129 Exemplo 18 - Elementos utilizados na 1ª cadenza...............................................................132 Exemplo 19 - Proposta de realização da 1ª cadenza de Prelude. .........................................133 Exemplo 20 - Setor 1 da 1ª cadenza....................................................................................134 Exemplo 21 - Setores 2 e 3 da 1ª cadenza...........................................................................134 Exemplo 22 - Setor 4 da 1ª cadenza....................................................................................135 Exemplo 23 - Setor 5 da 1ª cadenza....................................................................................135
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