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'A Nasty, Deplorable Little Incident IN ‘A nasTY, DEPLORABLE LITTLE incidENT in OUR POLITical life’ LIBERalisM, NATIOnal LIBERalisM and THE EdiTORship OF THE DUMFRIES STANDARD, 1957 In a brief statement and, it must be said, it caused to the British on 22 June 1957 the sometimes corrupt government, it was Dumfries and Galloway relationship between reported as far away as Standard and Advertiser British politicians the United States.2 It was announced that its editor and the country’s hardly even a matter of for the past three years, press the dismissal of national importance. A.G. Williamson, had the editor of a small But it did prompt a ceased to be associated Scottish newspaper heated debate in the with the newspaper. and, subsequently, the House of Commons Robert Fergusson, suggested involvement and a statement by the until then the political of the local MP in Prime Minister of the correspondent of this development day. It was perhaps, as the Glasgow Herald, was scarcely an event one MP put it, ‘a nasty, would take over with of international deplorable little incident 1 Dumfries High 3 immediate effect. significance. Yet, because Street in the in our political life’. By In the long, troubled of the embarrassment 1940s David Dutton. 16 Journal of Liberal History 79 Summer 2013 ‘A nasTY, DEPLORABLE LITTLE incidENT in OUR POLITical life’ LIBERalisM, NATIOnal LIBERalisM and THE EdiTORship OF THE DUMFRIES STANDARD, 1957 ounded in 1843, the Standard since 1919, was also chairman of ongoing and apparently irrevers- had a long tradition of sup- the Dumfriesshire Liberal Associa- ible decline of the orthodox Liberal Fport for Liberalism. By the tion. In an understated obituary Party. second half of the twentieth cen- following Reid’s death in 1962, the After 1945, by contrast, the Lib- tury this made it something of a Standard declared that the leading eral National Party looked to be rarity within the British press. At political articles of the former edi- little more than an increasingly a national level, the News Chroni- tor had been ‘forceful, fluent and anomalous survival from an ear- cle, which itself closed in 1960, was persuasive’.8 When in 1934, after a lier era, especially once the Wool- the nearest thing to a Liberal title, lengthy period of uncertainty, Dr ton–Teviot Agreement of 1947, and and even it gave its support to the Joseph Hunter MP announced that a subsequent arrangement relating Labour Party in the general elec- he was not only joining the Simo- specifically to Scottish constitu- tions of 1945, 1950 and 1951.4 The nite group of MPs in the House of encies, allowed for the fusion of Manchester Guardian, still pub- Commons but also taking up a sen- Conservative and Liberal National lished in Manchester but enjoy- ior administrative post within the (soon to be renamed National Lib- ing a national circulation, was Liberal National Party, the Stand- eral) Parties at constituency level.9 also broadly sympathetic. But ard and the local Liberal Associa- As National Liberals survived only local Liberal-supporting newspa- tion both gave their full support. by courtesy of their Tory masters, pers, of which there were around So total was the resulting eclipse and became almost indistinguish- twenty, were significant factors of orthodox Liberalism in the con- able from them, the Standard’s posi- in sustaining the party’s vital- stituency that the association was tion was ever harder to justify. ity in such disparate locations as able to hold on to the title of ‘Dum- In maintaining the same attitude Carlisle, Huddersfield, Rochdale, friesshire Liberal Association’ until towards Major Niall Macpherson, Greenock and Aberystwyth.5 ‘We as late as 1960. In its editorial col- elected as a Liberal National with have never tried to hide our Liber- umns the Standard insisted that not Conservative support in 1945 and alism under a bushel’, declared the Founded in only Hunter, who died suddenly in thereafter as a National-Liberal- Dumfries Standard in 1955, ‘no one 1935, but also his Liberal National Unionist, as it had towards Hunter can accuse us of concealing where 1843, the successor, Sir Henry Fildes, had and Fildes, the Standard could our true sympathies lie’.6 The close every bit as much right to the des- justly be accused of colluding in an relationship between the newspa- Standard ignation ‘Liberal’ as did repre- act of deception. Addressing the per and the local party was symbol- sentatives of the mainstream party Annan branch of the Dumfriesshire ised by the tradition, dating back to had a long – who were in any case conspicuous Unionist Association in Decem- ‘the early days of Queen Victoria’s by their absence from the constitu- ber 1946, Macpherson insisted that reign’, whereby successful Liberal tradition of ency. The only difference was that he was ‘a Liberal and proud to be and earlier Radical parliamentary Liberal Nationals recognised the one’. But, he continued, the inter- candidates would address their sup- support for need, even at the cost of the tem- ests of Conservatives and Liberals porters following the declaration porary abandonment in a hostile were ‘identical’, even though their of the poll from the first-floor win- Liberalism. world of the traditional Liberal backgrounds were different. ‘Their dow of the newspaper’s offices in doctrine of free trade, to enter into interests would gain the day in the the centre of Dumfries.7 By the sec- governmental partnership with the long run and he was confident that But the picture was in fact Conservatives to resist the domes- the Liberals and Conservatives more complex than the Standard’s ond half of tic challenge of socialism and, later, would be fighting side by side at repeated expressions of its undy- the increasingly menacing threat of the next election.’10 A short-lived ing commitment to Liberalism the twenti- political extremism in continental attempt the previous year to re- might suggest. The newspaper eth century Europe. establish an orthodox Liberal pres- had been complicit in the defec- Such a line was just about plau- ence in the constituency, including tion of the sitting Liberal MP to this made it sible. Having succeeded by the a forlorn candidature at the gen- the Liberal National camp in the middle of the 1930s in creating the eral election, soon spluttered out. early 1930s. Indeed, the Standard something apparatus and infrastructure of a No Liberal would contest the seat was an important factor in ensur- national political movement, and again until a by-election in 1963. ing that Liberalism in the Dum- of a rarity with the allegiance of around three In these circumstances Macpher- friesshire constituency became in dozen MPs, the Simonite faction son laid claim to represent Liberal- practice Liberal Nationalism. The within the had some claim to represent the ism – without prefix or suffix – in key to its influence lay in the fact authentic voice of modern Liberal- Dumfriesshire with little fear of that James Reid, editor of the paper British press. ism, not least in the context of the contradiction. As the 1950 general Journal of Liberal History 79 Summer 2013 17 ‘A nasTY, DEplORABLE liTTLE incidENT in OUR POliTical lifE’ election approached, the Standard newspaper was in any case appre- The newspaper adopted a harsher argued that ‘there is no difficulty in hensive that any attempt to unseat tone towards the MP than at any Dumfriesshire, where a good Lib- him by the nomination of a Liberal time since his first election to par- eral is standing in a straight fight candidate at the next general elec- liament more than a decade earlier: with a Labour opponent’.11 The tion might simply serve to split close and, as a small but growing the ‘Liberal vote’ and thus allow When a man thinks that the group of critics argued, unhealthy for the return of a socialist. The 60 nations who condemned relationship between the MP and ideal scenario from the Standard’s the Government at the United the local newspaper was empha- point of view was an arrangement Nations General Assembly are sised by Macpherson’s practice of with the Conservatives similar to ‘very probably wrong’ as he holding his regular constituency that which existed in Liberal seats remarked to the writer of this surgeries in the Standard’s offices, such as Bolton West and Hudders- column on Saturday 24 Novem- treating its premises ‘as almost an field West. Macpherson, an ‘ideal ber 1956, he is showing a good official office’.12 Member in every way, could not deal of independent thought. In 1954, however, the octoge- hold the seat as a Conservative However, most Liberals, includ- narian Reid finally stood down without Liberal support’. ‘As a Lib- ing Mr Clement Davies and from the editor’s chair. He was eral newspaper in a traditionally Mr Jo Grimond, who have replaced by A. G. Williamson, for- Liberal constituency, the Standard personally approved the stand merly editor of the Stirling Jour- would be happy if it had a Liberal the Standard has taken, remain nal. It was a curious appointment Member, without any other politi- unconvinced.19 granted that Williamson was a cal tag, who would have the sup- committed supporter of the ortho- port of Conservatives at election As the dust began to settle on Eden’s dox Liberal Party. The proprietors times.’16 disastrous Middle Eastern adven- of the Standard perhaps believed The new What changed matters was the ture, the Standard referred, with- that the new editor would mallea- Suez Crisis of 1956. As a junior out elaborating, to the ‘concerted bly follow the political line so long appointment minister in Anthony Eden’s gov- pressure’ brought to bear upon it pursued by his predecessor.
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