TheThe UseUse ofof CarrierCarrier GradeGrade LinuxLinux inin SpaceSpace
David Bryan The PTR Group, Inc. August 2007 AgendaAgenda What is Carrier Grade Linux? xCarrier Grade xStandards xEvolution xServices Applicability to Spacecraft A usage scenario Conclusion
Small Satellite Conference 2007 WhatWhat isis CarrierCarrier Grade?Grade? From the Telecommunications Industry Carrier Grade refers to product availability xTypically 5 nines or better (99.999%) xLess than 5 minutes downtime per year
Small Satellite Conference 2007 ChallengesChallenges facedfaced inin TelecomTelecom Demanding Environment xQuality of Service xHigh Availability Custom hardware Custom / Proprietary OS Upgrades and Implementation of New Services and Features xTied to proprietary vendor xLong Lead times to implement / limited development support xVery expensive
Small Satellite Conference 2007 ChallengesChallenges forfor FlightFlight SoftwareSoftware Harsh environment xRadiation xLimited Resources Custom Hardware xLong Lead times xVery expensive xLimited development support Technology Gap xMoore’s Law
Small Satellite Conference 2007 Solution:Solution: CarrierCarrier GradeGrade StandardsStandards Hardware Standards: ATCA xEnables development of portable software applications xOne board may be swapped for another Software Standards: Middleware xMove the autonomy requirements from the application into middleware xRequires standardized middleware interfaces
Small Satellite Conference 2007 WhatWhat isis CarrierCarrier GradeGrade Linux?Linux?
Linux Flight Heritage
Photo Courtesy NRL Illustration Courtesy AirForce
LinuxLinux OSOS
Small Satellite Conference 2007 WhatWhat isis CarrierCarrier GradeGrade Linux?Linux?
Promoting and Maintaining Standards
HAHA MiddlewareMiddleware LinuxLinux OSOS
Small Satellite Conference 2007 WhatWhat isis CarrierCarrier GradeGrade LinuxLinux
Increased Mission Availability Tools, Technologies, and APIs Use of COTS processors and boards for space applications
HAHA ApplicationsApplications
HA Middleware LinuxLinux OSOS
Small Satellite Conference 2007 CGLCGL MiddlewareMiddleware ServicesServices
Service Name Feature Availability Management Fault detection, fault Framework recovery, cluster coordination Cluster Membership Infrastructure, Publish- Service Subscribe – Node joins cluster, node leaves cluster Checkpoint Assists with fault recovery – reduce downtime
Event Infrastructure, Publish- Subscribe state changes
Lock Infrastructure, Shared resource control
Messaging Infrastructure, inter-node, intra-node messaging
Information Model Standard model of cluster Management Service entities
Logging Storage of data for system administrators
Notification Failure notifications
Small Satellite Conference 2007 AA CGLCGL BusBus Design...Design... Hardware components x Processors, Redundant Interconnects, Sensors, Actuators Software responsibilities x Command and Data Sensor Node A0 Handling Y
x Sensor data manipulation Sensor Node B0 and processing X Actuator • Actuator control Sensor X’ • Inter-processor Node B1 communication Sensor Node A1 Z
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 FailoverFailover ScenarioScenario
Primary
Sensor Node A0 X
Management Node Backup
Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 FaultFault OccursOccurs
Primary Node Fails
Primary
Sensor Node A0 X
Management Node Backup
Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 FaultFault DetectionDetection
Primary Fault Detected: Sensor Node A0 Node A0 Heartbeat X
Management Node Backup
Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 FaultFault RecoveryRecovery
Primary A0 Shutdown Sensor Node A0 X
Management Node Backup
Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 MissionMission RestoredRestored
Primary A1 Brought Online Sensor Node A0 as Primary X
Management Node Primary Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 RedundancyRedundancy RestoredRestored
Backup A0 Restored as Sensor Node A0 Backup X
Management Node Primary Sensor Node A1 X’
High Speed Interconnect
Small Satellite Conference 2007 ConclusionConclusion Carrier Grade Linux is an enabler for high availability space applications xLow Cost - significant functionality is available out of the box xPortable - CGL is an implementation of a standard xReduces the development lead time
Small Satellite Conference 2007 ForFor MoreMore InformationInformation…… Carrier Grade Linux xhttp://www.linux-foundation.org Service Availability Forum xhttp://www.saforum.org SCOPE Alliance xhttp://www.scope-alliance.org FlightLinux xhttp://www.openflightlinux.org
Small Satellite Conference 2007