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Kalahari Namib Project National Baseline Assessment NAMIBIA

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Kalahari Namib Project National Baseline Assessment NAMIBIA Kalahari Namib Project National Baseline Assessment NAMIBIA REPORT 1 – Situation Analysis First Draft, 20 April 2012 Final Document, 25 June 2012 Prepared By: Integrated Environmental Consultants Namibia (IECN) cc P.O. Box 86634, Eros, Windhoek, Namibia Phone: +264 (0)61 249204 Fax: +264 (0)61 249205 http://www.iecn-namibia.com Prepared For: IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) South Africa Office, 3rd Floor, SAQA House, 1067 Arcadia Street Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa Tel: + 27 12 342 8304/5/6, Fax: + 27 12 342 8289 www.iucn.org Ministry of Environment and Tourism Department of Environmental Affairs Country Pilot Partnership for Integrated Sustainable Land Management P/Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia Tel: + 264 61 284 2111/2701, Fax: + 264 61 240 339 www.met.gov.na Table of Contents List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................ 5 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. 6 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 7 PART 1: The context ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Background to the Kalahari Namib Project (KNP) and the national baseline assessment ........... 8 1.1.1 KNP background ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.2 The national baseline assessment ............................................................................................. 10 1.1.3 Structure of the Namibian baseline reports .............................................................................. 11 PART 2: Trends in land degradation in project sites ............................................................................... 12 2.1 The Molopo-Nossop basin in Namibia – a profile ............................................................................. 12 2.1.1 The Molopo-Nossop basin – Namibia site ................................................................................. 12 2.1.2 Zooming in on the communal farming area around Aminuis and Corridor Post 13.................. 20 2.1.3 Profiles of the Pilot Community Sites ........................................................................................ 21 2.2 A brief link to national and rural development planning .................................................................. 27 2.3 Existing national and local methodologies and reporting frameworks for land degradation .......... 28 2.4 Extent and nature of land degradation in the project site ............................................................... 29 2.4.1 Land degradation trends in the basin ........................................................................................ 29 2.4.2. Extent and Causes of Land Degradation in the Kalahari Namib Project communal area ......... 32 2.4.3 Land degradation baseline at Aminuis and Corridor Post 13 .................................................... 33 2.4.4 Summary discussion ................................................................................................................... 44 2.5 Critique of perceptions and findings ................................................................................................. 45 2.6 Additional and related concerns ....................................................................................................... 46 PART 3: Gaps and challenges in achieving sustainable land management in the Molopo-Nossop basin – Namibia ....................................................................................................................................................... 47 3.1 Drivers of land degradation .............................................................................................................. 47 3.2 Root causes ....................................................................................................................................... 48 3.3 Capacity gaps, information gaps and constraints to implementation of known SLM approaches (barriers) ................................................................................................................................................. 51 3.4 Institutional relationships ................................................................................................................. 55 PART 4: Existing innovations and SLM good practice ................................................................................ 62 4.1 Catalogue of SLM best practices relevant to the KNP area from project area, Namibia at large and world wide .............................................................................................................................................. 62 PART 5: Recommendations for improved adaptation of SLM good practice and theories of change ...... 73 5.1 Recommendations for specific solutions to land degradation that could be piloted by the KNP and associated theories of change ................................................................................................................ 73 5.1.1 Proposed theory of change for the pilot sites ........................................................................... 74 5.1.2 Proposed theory of change for the basin .................................................................................. 77 5.2 Necessary steps to ensure longevity of SLM interventions .............................................................. 79 Implementation mechanisms (links to associations, communities) ................................................... 79 Practical, technical and capacity support ........................................................................................... 80 Making that link to strategic development planning .......................................................................... 80 A note on impact assessment ............................................................................................................. 80 References .................................................................................................................................................. 81 Annex 1: Terms of Reference ...................................................................................................................... 83 Annex 2: Detailed maps for the Mopolo-Nossob basin – Namibia site ...................................................... 84 Annex 3: Resource maps from PRA at pilot community sites..................................................................... 85 Annex 4: Catalogue of SLM good practices relevant to KNP and pilot community sites ........................... 86 List of Acronyms AFA Aminuis Farmers Association CBNRM Community-based Natural Resource Management CHC Community Health Club CFC Community Forestry Committee CLB Communal Land Board CPP ISLM Country Pilot Partnership for Integrated Sustainable Land Management DEA Department of Environmental Affairs DEES Directorate of Engineering and Extension Services DRFN Desert Research Foundation of Namibia DRWSSC Department of Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Coordination EMA No7 of 2007 Environmental Management Act No 7 of 2007 FIRM Forum for Integrated Resource Management FSREA Farming Systems Research and Extension Approach GEF Global Environmental Facility IECN Integrated Environmental Consultants Namibia IUCN-ESARO International Union for the Conservation of Nature Eastern and Southern Regional Office LUEB Land Use and Environmental Board M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MAWF Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry MET Ministry of Environment and Tourism MLR Ministry of Lands and Resettlement MoHSS Ministry of Health and Social Services MoE Ministry of Education MoWT Ministry of Works and Transport MRLGHRD Ministry of Regional, Local Government, Housing and Rural Development MYNSSC Ministry of Youth, National Service, Sport and Culture NAPCOD Namibia Programme to Combat Desertification NDPs National Development Plans NNFU Namibia National Farmers Union NPC National Planning Commission OFA Otjinene Farmers Association PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal PSEILUP Promoting Environmental Sustainability through Improved Land Use Planning RC Regional Council SADC Southern African Development Community SARDEP Sustainable Animal and Rangeland Development Programme SGP Small Grants Programme SIP IR4 Strategic Investment Programme for sustainable land management in Sub-Saharan Africa – Intermediate Result 4 SLM Sustainable Land Management SME Small to Medium Enterprise TAs Traditional Authorities UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme VOC Vulnerable & Orphan Children WPC Water Point Committee List of Tables Table 1: A brief overview of the two pilot sites of the Kalahari Namib Project Namibia, Aminuis and Corridor Post 13. Table 2: A break-down of the sites selected for ‘expert’ land condition assessments for the baseline of the Kalahari Namib Project. Table 3: Data for the environmental parameters measured at Aminuis and Corridor Post 13 in March 2012. Table 4: Shows the composition of the grass species identified in the sites (quadrant) during field work in Aminuis
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