STATEWIDE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2017 Louisiana Airport Pavement Management System Update

JULY 2018

STATEWIDE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2017 Louisiana Airport Pavement Management System Update

JULY 2018

PREPARED BY Applied Pavement Technology, Inc. 115 West Main Street, Suite 400 Urbana, Illinois 61801 217-398-3977 www.appliedpavement.com

IN ASSOCIATION WITH KSA Engineers, Inc. 1111 Hawn Avenue Shreveport, LA 71107 (318) 221-7501 www.ksaeng.com

PREPARED FOR Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Office of Multimodal Commerce Aviation Division P.O. Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804 (225) 379-3050 www.dotd.la.gov/aviation ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This document was produced under the auspices of the

Louisiana State Senate Transportation, Highways and Public Works Committee Senator Page Cortez, Chairman

Louisiana House of Representatives Transportation, Highways and Public Works Committee Representative Terry Landry, Chairman

Louisiana Department of Transportation Shawn D. Wilson, Ph.D., Secretary

Multimodal Commerce Thomas M. Clark, Commissioner

Aviation Division Bradley R. Brandt, Director

The preparation of this report was financed in part through a planning grant from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as provided under Section 505 of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policy of the USDOT or the FAA, and do not constitute a commitment on the part of the United States to participate in any development depicted therein, nor does it indicate that the proposed development is environmentally acceptable in accordance with applicable public laws. 2017 Louisiana Airport Pavement Management System Update OVERVIEW 1

BACKGROUND

Pavements represent a significant capital invest- Louisiana’s APMS provides the individual airports, ment in Louisiana’s aviation system. Understanding LADOTD, and the Federal Aviation Administration the importance of maintaining this investment, the (FAA) with current pavement conditions, pave- Louisiana Department of Transportation and ment-related maintenance and rehabilitation Development (LADOTD), Office of Multimodal (M&R) needs, the ability to optimize project se- Commerce — Aviation Division, established a lection and view their conditional impacts, and statewide airport pavement management sys- assists with the development of multi-year capital tem (APMS) in 2008 to assess the condition improvement programs. In addition, the APMS ful- of the airport pavements and to plan proac- fills many of the National Plan of Integrated Airport tive measures in preserving its infrastructure. Systems (NPIAS) airport requirements of Public Additional airports were added to the system Law 103-305 and FAA Grant Assurance 11 for in 2010. In 2016, LADOTD selected Applied maintaining a pavement maintenance manage- Pavement Technology (APTech), with assistance ment program, or APMS. The effective utilization from KSA Engineers, Inc. (KSA), to complete an of APMS data and results demonstrates Louisiana’s update of the APMS. The work under this proj- effort to maintain its airport infrastructure, which ect was completed between the Fall of 2016 follows the priorities of the FAA for continued man- and the Spring of 2018. agement of this important asset.

Louisiana’s airport system plays a vital role in supporting economic development opportunities statewide. Quick Facts

Total Work Cost vs Pavement Area

The APMS includes 62 airports

The overall pavement area is 71.6 million square feet

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

The overall area‑weighted PCI of the APMS is 73

Statewide Executive Summary 2

The total cost of identified M&R needs is $186.3 million 2017 Louisiana PROJECT AIRPORTS Airport Pavement Management Sixty-two general aviation airports were eval- square feet of T-hangar pavement (3.3%). The System Update uated as part of the update to Louisiana’s total pavement area can also be divided into APMS. The airports displayed in the figure be- different pavement types which included 16.6 3 low combined for over 71.6 million square feet million square feet of asphalt overlaid on as- of pavement. The total pavement area includes phalt concrete (23.2%), 24.5 million square feet 32.7 million square feet of runway pavement of asphalt concrete (34.2%), 4.8 million square (45.6%), 18.4 million square feet of taxiway feet of asphalt overlaid on portland cement pavement (25.8%), 18.1 million square feet concrete (6.7%), and 25.7 million square feet of apron pavement (25.3%), and 2.4 million of portland cement concrete (35.9%). CONDITION ASSESSMENTS

As part of the APMS process, a visual assess- This information is used to calculate the pavement’s ment of pavement condition was conducted by overall PCI. Additionally, the assessment can iden- APTech engineers using the Pavement Condition tify the potential causes for the deterioration of Index (PCI) procedure as documented in FAA the pavement, be it load related, climate/durabil- Advisory Circular 150/5380-6C, Guidelines and ity related, and other distress types that cannot Procedures for Maintenance of Airport Pavements be attributed solely to load or climate/durability and American Society for Testing and Materials (such as patching). (ASTM) Standard D5340, Standard Test Method for Airport Pavement Condition Index Surveys. The In general, pavements with higher PCIs that are evaluation is used to calculate a composite in- not exhibiting significant load-related distress will dex that represents the overall condition of the benefit from preventive maintenance and/or pave- pavement which ranges from 0 (failed) to 100 (ex- ment preservation, such as crack sealing, patching, cellent). This procedure has been established as and/or the application of a surface treatment. As the standard used by the aviation community for the pavement deteriorates and PCIs decrease in visually assessing the condition of the pavement. value, pavements become candidates for nominal resurfacing, rehabilitation, or reconstruction. The While performing a PCI survey, inspectors identify figure below shows the relationship between the and quantify the types, severities, and amounts of pavement’s condition and general category of rec- each distress observed on a pavement’s surface. ommended M&R need.

REPRESENTATIVE PCI TYPICAL REPAIR ALTERNATIVE PAVEMENT

Pavements with PCIs in this range often get the most 90 cost-effective benefit from preventive maintenance and/ 99 or pavement preservation, such as crack sealing and/or

Preventive surface treatment applications. Maintenance 70 Pavements with PCIs in this range are still not exhibiting significant amounts of load-related distresses, but will typically 63 require major rehabilitation, such as an overlay, or a nominal Major 50 resurfacing. Rehabilitation

Statewide Pavement Preservation/Resurfacing Executive 30 Pavements that have deteriorated below a PCI of 40 Summary usually require major reconstruction due to the probable 15 structural issues, or in the case of severe raveling, a nominal 4 resurfacing is a viable option.

Reconstruction 10 2017 Louisiana PAVEMENT DISTRESSES Airport Pavement Management Following is a description of the most frequently observed pavement System Update distresses, excluding patching, at the evaluated Louisiana airports. 5

LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE (L&T) CRACKING L&T cracking can be caused by any of the following: 1) separation of pavement at paving lane joints, 2) shrinkage of AC pavement due to temperature differentials in older or brittle pavements, or 3) reflection cracking from underlying existing cracking in overlaid pavements.

RAVELING Raveling occurs as the coarse aggregate begins to dislodge and produce loose pieces of material, or foreign object debris (FOD).

LONGITUDINAL, TRANSVERSE, AND DIAGONAL (LTD) CRACKING LTD cracking divides the slab into two or three pieces and are usually caused by a combination of load repetition, curling stresses, and shrinkage stresses. Low-severity cracks are usually warping- or friction-related and are not considered major structural distresses. Medium or high-severity cracks are usually working cracks and are considered major structural distresses.

ALLIGATOR CRACKING Alligator cracking is a load-related distress caused by excessive tensile strains at the bottom of the AC layer or stabilized AC base layer from repeated aircraft loadings. It typically shows up on the surface as a series of parallel cracks, which eventually interconnect to form a pattern resembling alligator skin.

DEPRESSION A depression is a pavement surface area that has an elevation slightly lower than that of the surrounding pavement. It can be caused by settlement of the underlying base layers or soils and is often found in areas where insufficient drainage capacity exists and soils are weakened due to water penetration or where underlying layers were not compacted enough during construction.

SPALLING Spalling, in PCC pavement, is the breakdown of the slab edges in close proximity to the slab joint. Spalling is identified as occurring in the corner or along the joint of a PCC slab. Spalling is typically caused by the introduction of incompressible material in the joint, weaker pavement at the joint caused by overworking of the pavement during construction, traffic loading, or a combination of these. PAVEMENT CONDITION ASSESSMENT

The overall 2017 area-weighted condition of the system and for each Louisiana System Plan the sixty-two airports included in the Louisiana Role. The table below provides more detail and APMS is a PCI of 73. The figure below shows displays the overall area-weighted condition for the 2017 overall area-weighted condition of each pavement facility type.

ALL RUNWAYS TAXIWAYS APRONS T-HANGARS

Level 1 Airports 72 82 76 58 39

Level 2 Airports 75 78 73 72 70

Level 3 Airports 77 81 75 66 69

Statewide Executive Level 4 Airports 56 54 45 63 98 Summary 6 All Airports 73 77 74 63 65 2017 Louisiana PAVEMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT Airport Pavement Management Once programmed into an APMS, the analysis of are then recommended for major rehabilitation, System Update the data collected during the PCI survey is used such as an overlay. In situations where the PCI has to determine current and predict future pavement become low enough and pavements are exhibiting 7 conditions. These data are analyzed to determine larger quantities of load-related distresses, replace- the recommended pavement repair, whether pre- ment of the entire pavement (reconstruction) may ventive maintenance, pavement preservation, be the only viable option. In addition, asphalt-sur- nominal resurfacing, or major rehabilitation/re- faced pavements that are primarily experiencing construction, as well as the appropriate timing climate-related deterioration in the form of weath- for the work. ering and/or raveling are often candidates for pavement preservation in the form of a surface Pavements in relatively good condition, that are not treatment or a nominal resurfacing. The figure be- exhibiting significant load-related distress will typ- low displays the relationship between the PCI of ically benefit from preventive maintenance. Once the pavement and the typical repair strategy as- PCIs drop below a specific threshold, the pavements sociated with it. Over half of Louisiana’s airport pavements are candidates for preventive maintenance and / or pavement preservation.

A 5-year M&R needs analysis and/or pavement preservation. following figures show the per- was completed for all pave- Additionally, approximate- centage of pavements in each ments included in the LA APMS ly 36% of the pavement area condition range broken out by from 2017 to 2021. During at the evaluated airports is in Louisiana System Role Plan. This this time, approximately 55% need of major rehabilitation or figure also indicates the typi- of Louisiana’s airport pave- nominal resurfacing, and ap- cal work type identified for the ment area is recommended proximately 9% of the area is range of conditions. for preventive maintenance in need of reconstruction. The

PERCENTAGE OF PAVEMENT AREA BY PCI RANGE

Statewide Executive Summary 8 PROTECTING 2017 Louisiana Airport Pavement CAPITAL INVESTMENT Management System Update 9

An analysis was performed to selected critical PCIs, shown in impacts of pavement preserva- develop an M&R plan for ad- the figure below. tion, such as the application of dressing pavement needs from a surface treatment or nominal 2017 to 2021. For each year During the analysis, if a pave- resurfacing, were evaluated for of the analysis, future pave- ment was projected to remain asphalt-surfaced pavements ment conditions were predicted above the critical PCI, it was that were primarily exhibiting and the most cost-effective recommended for preventive climate-related distresses in timing and repair strategy maintenance. If the current or the form of weathering and/ was determined, whether it projected PCI dropped below or raveling. These preservation was preventive maintenance, the critical value during the repairs were recommended for pavement preservation, major 5-year period, major rehabil- pavements that would benefit rehabilitation, or reconstruction. itation or reconstruction were from such an application. This was done with the use of recommended. In addition, the

CRITICAL PCIs An unconstrained budget scenario was analyzed estimated total costs for the needs identified for to identify all pavement related repair and reha- each airport derived from the unconstrained bud- bilitation needs. Under this scenario, if all projects get analysis. Additionally, a zero-budget analysis were funded, the system PCI would increase from was performed to identify the future condition if a value of 73 to 90. Approximately $186.3 million no repair work is performed. This analysis result- in needs were identified during the unconstrained ed in a PCI decrease from 73 in 2017 to 66 in budget scenario. While an unconstrained budget 2021. This scenario shows just how quickly the scenario is unrealistic, it is an excellent base point system could potentially deteriorate if pavement in understanding the current airport pavement repairs and major rehabilitation/reconstruction needs and beginning the prioritization of future projects are not completed to maintain the cur- projects. The table on the following pages shows rent airport infrastructure.

PCI VALUES BY ANALYSIS SCENARIO

Statewide Executive Summary 10 2017 Louisiana 5-YEAR PAVEMENT FUNDING NEEDS Airport Pavement Management System Update

WT. AVG. SUM OF LEVEL ASSOCIATED CITY AIRPORT NAME LOC ID CONDITION TOTAL COST 11

1 New Iberia Acadiana Regional Airport ARA 86 $7,728,245.00

1 Lake Charles Chennault International Airport CWF 66 $32,419,256.00

1 Hammond Hammond Northshore Regional Airport HDC 70 $9,562,928.00

1 Houma Houma -Terrebone Airport HUM 93 $550,048.00

1 New Orleans New Orleans Lakefront Airport NEW 57 $34,287,529.00

1 Shreveport Shreveport Downtown Airport DTN 71 $10,775,545.00

2 Abbeville Abbeville Chris Crusta Memorial Airport IYA 69 $3,427,814.00

2 DeRidder Beauregard Regional Airport DRI 70 $4,900,625.00

2 Alexandria Esler Regional Airport ESF 53 $17,087,043.00

2 New Roads False River Regional Airport HZR 80 $608,540.00

2 Bogalusa George R. Carr Memorial Airport BXA 59 $3,662,779.00

2 Patterson Harry P. Williams Memorial Airport PTN 83 $799,795.00

2 Jennings Jennings Airport 3R7 71 $2,964,067.00

2 Gonzales Louisiana Regional Airport REG 79 $1,072,230.00

2 Minden Minden Airport MNE 84 $2,532.00

2 Natchitoches Natchitoches Regional Airport IER 87 $1,317,221.00

Port of South Louisiana 2 Reserve APS 75 $1,841,019.00 Executive Regional Airport

2 Ruston Ruston Regional Airport RSN 80 $692,843.00

2 Slidell Slidell Airport ASD 76 $1,372,926.00

2 Galliano South Lafourche Leonard Miller, Jr. Airport GAO 98 $223,300.00

2 Sulphur Southland Field Airport UXL 71 $2,268,235.00

2 Opelousas St Landry Parish Airport-Ahart Field OPL 71 $5,293,753.00

2 Tallulah Vicksburg-Tallulah Regional Airport TVR 95 $362,940.00 WT. AVG. SUM OF LEVEL ASSOCIATED CITY AIRPORT NAME LOC ID CONDITION TOTAL COST

3 Oakdale Allen Parish Airport ACP 77 $681,932.00

3 Lake Providence Byerley Airport 0M8 42 $3,255,597.00

3 Mansfield C.E. Rusty Williams Airport 3F3 81 $1,130,132.00

3 Vidalia Concordia Parish Airport 0R4 59 $1,882,019.00

3 Winnfield David G. Joyce Airport 0R5 78 $278,580.00

3 De Quincy De Quincy Industrial Airpark 5R8 80 $626,478.00

3 Eunice Eunice Airport 4R7 90 $671,812.00

3 Many Hart Airport 3R4 71 $898,185.00

3 Homer Homer Municipal Airport 5F4 100 $0.00

3 Jena Jena Airport 1R1 79 $506,610.00

3 Rayville John H. Hooks Jr. Memorial Airport M79 71 $1,208,805.00

3 Jonesboro Jonesboro Airport F88 94 $1,194.00

3 Jonesville Jonesville Municipal Airport L32 60 $1,469,788.00

3 Oak Grove Kelly-Dumas Airport 9M6 89 $190,708.00

3 Crowley Le Gros Memorial Airport 3R2 79 $1,860,919.00

3 Leesville Leesville Airport L39 80 $271,489.00

3 Marksville Marksville Municipal Airport MKV 76 $1,356,606.00

3 Bastrop Morehouse Memorial Airport BQP 68 $1,147,144.00

3 Coushatta Red River Airport 0R7 78 $176,151.00

3 Springhill Springhill Airport SPH 83 $0.00

3 Covington St. Tammany Regional Airport L31 70 $1,212,559.00

3 Thibodaux Thibodaux Municipal Airport L83 86 $17,670.00

Statewide 3 Farmerville Union Parish Airport F87 90 $297,206.00 Executive 3 Vivian Vivian Airport 3F4 94 $192,549.00 Summary 3 Winnsboro Winnsboro Municipal Airport F89 68 $636,971.00 12 WT. AVG. SUM OF LEVEL ASSOCIATED CITY AIRPORT NAME LOC ID CONDITION TOTAL COST 2017 Louisiana Airport Pavement 4 Arcadia Arcadia-Bienville Parish Airport 5F0 81 $11,963.00 Management 4 Bunkie Bunkie Municipal Airport 2R6 76 $27,086.00 System Update

4 Columbia Columbia Airport F86 67 $259,789.00 13

4 Delhi Delhi Municipal Airport 0M9 52 $931,639.00

4 Jackson Feliciana Airpark LA3 17 $3,057,908.00

4 Franklinton Franklinton Airport 2R7 55 $894,161.00

4 Jeanerette Le Maire Memorial Airport 2R1 68 $1,050,253.00

4 Olla Olla Airport L47 29 $3,041,234.00

4 Pineville Pineville Municipal Airport 2L0 57 $3,062,599.00

4 Pollock Pollock Airport L66 44 $6,502,181.00

4 Tallulah Scott Airport M80 83 $7,956.00

4 St. Joseph Tensas Parish Airport L33 71 $102,667.00

4 Welsh Welsh Airport 6R1 54 $1,147,426.00

4 Woodworth Woodworth Airport 1R4 39 $3,014,467.00 PREPARED FOR

Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Office of Multimodal Commerce Aviation Division 1201 Capitol Access Road Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70802 www.dotd.la.gov/aviation

PREPARED BY

Applied Pavement Technology, Inc. 115 West Main Street, Suite 400 Urbana, Illinois 61801 (217) 398-3977 www.appliedpavement.com