DOCSLIB.ORG

Charles Darwin, the Copley Medal, and the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1St Edition Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Charles Darwin, the Copley Medal, and the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1St Edition Pdf FREE CHARLES DARWIN, THE COPLEY MEDAL, AND THE RISE OF NATURALISM 1862-1864 1ST EDITION PDF Marsha Driscoll | 9780205723171 | | | | | Full-Length Games - Reacting to the Past: STEM Games The first grant was awarded in to Stephen Graya self-made naturalist whose experiments and spectacular public demonstrations of electrical conduction were well known to the Society. The Copley Medal today is struck in silver gilt; the obverse bears a likeness of Sir Godfrey Copley, and the reverse shows the arms of the Royal Society. Each year the award alternates between the physical and biological sciences. Home Science. Print Cite. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback External Websites. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. External Websites. The Royal Society - And the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1st edition Medal. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree See Article History. Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today. Learn More in these related Britannica articles:. In the late 18th century the society played an active role in encouraging scientific exploration, particularly Charles Darwin its longest-serving president, Sir Joseph Banks, who…. History at your fingertips. Sign up here to see what happened On This Dayevery day in your inbox! Email address. By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Notice. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. For his new Electrical Experiments:—as an encouragement to him for the readiness he has always shown in obliging the Society with his discoveries and improvements in this part of Natural Knowledge. For his Experiment to show the property of a Diet of The Copley Medal Root in dyeing the Bones of living animals of a red colour. For his invention of an Engine for driving the Piles to make a Foundation for the Bridge to be erected at Westminster, the Model whereof had been shown to the Society. Stephen Hales. For his Experiments towards the Discovery of Medicines for dissolving the Stone; and Preservatives for keeping Meat in long voyages at Sea. For his Lectures on Muscular Motion. As a further addition for his services to the Society in the care and pains he has taken therein. For his Experiments towards the discovery of the properties of Electricity. As an addition to his allowance as Curator for the present year. Abraham Trembley. For his curious Experiments relating to the Crystallization or Configuration Charles Darwin the minute particles of Saline Bodies dissolved in a menstruum. On account of the surprising discoveries in the phenomena of Electricity, exhibited in his late Experiments. Benjamin Robins. On account of his curious Experiments for showing the resistance of the Air, and his rules for establishing his doctrine thereon for the motion of Projectiles. Gowin Knight. On account of several very curious Experiments exhibited by him, both with Natural and Artificial Magnets. James Bradley. On account of his very curious and wonderful discoveries in the apparent motion of the Fixed Stars, and the causes of such apparent motion. John Harrison. On account of those very curious Instruments, invented and made by him, for the exact mensuration of Time. John Canton. On account of his communicating to the Society, and exhibiting before them, his curious method of making Artificial Magnets without the use of Natural ones. John Pringle. On account of his very curious and useful Experiments and Observations on Septic and Anti-septic Substances, communicated to the Society. Benjamin Franklin. For the many Experiments made by him on Platina, which tend to the discovery of the sophistication of gold:—which he would have entirely completed, but was obliged to put a stop to his further enquiries for want of materials. For his many useful Experiments on Antimony, of which an account had been read to the Society. On account of his very curious and useful invention of making Thermometers, showing respectively the greatest degrees of heat and cold which have happened at any time during the absence of the observer. John Dollond. Charles Darwin account of his curious Experiments and Discoveries concerning the different refrangibility of the Rays of Light, communicated to the Society. John Smeaton. On account the Copley Medal his curious Experiments concerning Water-wheels and Wind-mill Sails, communicated the Copley Medal the Society. For his experimental enquiry concerning the powers of water and the Copley Medal in the moving of Mills. For his many curious Experiments in Electricity, communicated to the Society within the year. For his Experiments and Observations on the agreement between the and the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1st edition gravities of the several Metals, and their colours when united to glass, as well as those of their other preparations. Henry Cavendish. For his Paper communicated this present year, containing his Experiments relating to Fixed Air. For his Papers of the yearOn the and the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1st edition nature of the Genus of Zoophytes called Corallina, and the Actinia Sociata, or Clustered Animal Flower, lately found on the sea coasts of the new-ceded Islands. William Hewson. Joseph Priestley. On account of the many curious and useful Experiments contained in his observations on different kinds of Air, read at the Society in March,and printed in the Philosophical Transactions. Nevil Maskelyne. In consideration of his curious and laborious Observations on the Attraction of Mountains, made in Scotland,—on Schehallien. James Cook. For his Paper, giving an account of the method he had taken to preserve the health of the crew of H. Ship the Resolution, during her late voyage round the world. Whose communication to the Society was of such importance to the public. On account of his valuable Paper containing directions for making the best Composition for the metals of Reflecting Telescopes; together with a description of the process for grinding, polishing, and giving the best speculum the true parabolic form. For his paper, entitled, The force the Copley Medal Fired Gunpowder, and the initial velocity of Cannon Balls, determined by Experiments. For his paper, entitled, An investigation of the Principles of Progressive and Rotatory Motion, printed in the Philosophical Transactions. William Herschel. For the Communication of his Discovery of a new and singular Star; a discovery which does him particular honour, as, in all probability, this start has been for many years, perhaps ages, within the bounds of astronomic vision, and yet till now, eluded the most diligent researches of other observers. Richard Kirwan. As a reward for the and the Rise of Naturalism 1862-1864 1st edition of his labours in the science of Chemistry. For his chemical analyses of Salts. John Goodricke. Edward Waring. For his Mathematical Communications to the Society. For his Paper On the Summation of Series, whose the Copley Medal term is a determinate function of z the distance from the first term of Charles Darwin series. John Hunter. For his three Papers,—On the Ovaria, On the identity of the dog, wolf, and jackall species, and On the anatomy of Whales, printed in the Philosophical Transactions for For his two Papers on Congelation, printed in the last 78th volume of the Philosophical Transactions. For his two Papers on the values of Reversions and Survivorships, printed in the two last volumes of the Philosophical Transactions. James Rennell. For his Paper on the Rate of Travelling as performed by Camels, printed in the last 81st volume of the Philosophical Transactions. Benjamin Thompson, count von Rumford. Alessandro Volta. For his several Communications explanatory of certain Experiments published by Professor Galvani. Jesse Ramsden. For his various inventions and improvements in the construction of the Instruments for the Trigonometrical measurements carried on by the late Major General Roy, and by Lieut. Williams and his associates. For his Paper on the construction and analysis of geometrical propositions determining the positions assumed by homogeneal bodies which float freely, and at rest; the Copley Medal also determining the Stability of Ships and other floating bodies. Charles Hatchett. Astley Paston Cooper. For his Papers—on the effects which take place from the destruction of the Membrana Tympani of the Ear; with an account of an operation for the removal of a particular species of Deafness. William Hyde Wollaston. For his various Chemical Discoveries communicated to the Society, and printed in several volumes of the Philosophical Transactions. Humphry Davy. Charles Darwin, the Copley Medal, and the Rise of Naturalism: by Elizabeth E. Dunn Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Open Preview See a Problem? Details if other :. Thanks for telling us about the problem. Return to Book Page. Dunn. Marsha Driscoll. Dann Siems. Kamran Swanson. Note: Reacting to the Past has been developed under the auspices of Barnard College. Department of Education. With this support, Barnard College hosts a series of conferences throughout the nation at which interested faculty and administrators learn about "Reacting" by playing miniversions of the games. Get A Copy. Paperbackpages. More Details Original Title. Other Editions 1. Friend Reviews. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. Lists with This Book. This book is not yet featured on Listopia. Community Reviews. Charles Darwin Average Charles Darwin 3. Rating details. More filters. Sort order. May 23, Jesse Green rated it really liked it. I participated in this debate as Sir Richard Owen in my English class, it was a truly educational experience, I might not have chose to argue Owen's side had the teacher not assigned this role to me.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Letters to the Editor © 2008 Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
    J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2008; 38:92–4 Letters to the editor © 2008 Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh SELECTING THE DOCTORS OF THE FUTURE irrespective of origin, which means no medical future for significant numbers of expensively trained UK graduates? Sir, Do we give significant weight to personal recommendation in choosing doctors, because there is no more reliable way ‘Excellence delivered’ (Boon N, Palmer K. Excellence of assessing their merits,which means opening the door to delivered. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2007; 37:289–90) may be nepotism, racism and other unacceptable favouritisms? a fair description of the Tooke report, but it is an extremely And can we face up to the reality that a lot of medical over-optimistic description of what that report might work demands the competent delivery of repetitive, achieve even if all of its recommendations are implemented. relatively undemanding tasks, perhaps ill-suited to some of our most ‘excellent’ colleagues? It is too simplistic to write off the MMC/MTAS fiasco as harmful tinkering that broke a perfectly acceptable J Main mechanism of training doctors. It was a well-intentioned Consultant Nephrologist, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough but misguided and dreadfully executed attempt to address major problems, which have not and will not go away. Authors’ response The first problem is that for many years (and especially in Dr Main writes cogently and frankly.We agree with many England) the shortage of home-grown doctors has given of the points he makes and hope the following comments them phenomenal job security. The broad base of the will clarify our views.
    [Show full text]
  • “A Valuable Monument of Mathematical Genius”\Thanksmark T1: the Ladies' Diary (1704–1840)
    Historia Mathematica 36 (2009) 10–47 www.elsevier.com/locate/yhmat “A valuable monument of mathematical genius” ✩: The Ladies’ Diary (1704–1840) Joe Albree ∗, Scott H. Brown Auburn University, Montgomery, USA Available online 24 December 2008 Abstract Our purpose is to view the mathematical contribution of The Ladies’ Diary as a whole. We shall range from the state of mathe- matics in England at the beginning of the 18th century to the transformations of the mathematics that was published in The Diary over 134 years, including the leading role The Ladies’ Diary played in the early development of British mathematics periodicals, to finally an account of how progress in mathematics and its journals began to overtake The Diary in Victorian Britain. © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. Résumé Notre but est de voir la contribution mathématique du Journal de Lady en masse. Nous varierons de l’état de mathématiques en Angleterre au début du dix-huitième siècle aux transformations des mathématiques qui a été publié dans le Journal plus de 134 ans, en incluant le principal rôle le Journal de Lady joué dans le premier développement de périodiques de mathématiques britanniques, à finalement un compte de comment le progrès dans les mathématiques et ses journaux a commencé à dépasser le Journal dans l’Homme de l’époque victorienne la Grande-Bretagne. © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. Keywords: 18th century; 19th century; Other institutions and academies; Bibliographic studies 1. Introduction Arithmetical Questions are as entertaining and delightful as any other Subject whatever, they are no other than Enigmas, to be solved by Numbers; .
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematical Genealogy of the Wellesley College Department Of
    Nilos Kabasilas Mathematical Genealogy of the Wellesley College Department of Mathematics Elissaeus Judaeus Demetrios Kydones The Mathematics Genealogy Project is a service of North Dakota State University and the American Mathematical Society. http://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/ Georgios Plethon Gemistos Manuel Chrysoloras 1380, 1393 Basilios Bessarion 1436 Mystras Johannes Argyropoulos Guarino da Verona 1444 Università di Padova 1408 Cristoforo Landino Marsilio Ficino Vittorino da Feltre 1462 Università di Firenze 1416 Università di Padova Angelo Poliziano Theodoros Gazes Ognibene (Omnibonus Leonicenus) Bonisoli da Lonigo 1477 Università di Firenze 1433 Constantinople / Università di Mantova Università di Mantova Leo Outers Moses Perez Scipione Fortiguerra Demetrios Chalcocondyles Jacob ben Jehiel Loans Thomas à Kempis Rudolf Agricola Alessandro Sermoneta Gaetano da Thiene Heinrich von Langenstein 1485 Université Catholique de Louvain 1493 Università di Firenze 1452 Mystras / Accademia Romana 1478 Università degli Studi di Ferrara 1363, 1375 Université de Paris Maarten (Martinus Dorpius) van Dorp Girolamo (Hieronymus Aleander) Aleandro François Dubois Jean Tagault Janus Lascaris Matthaeus Adrianus Pelope Johann (Johannes Kapnion) Reuchlin Jan Standonck Alexander Hegius Pietro Roccabonella Nicoletto Vernia Johannes von Gmunden 1504, 1515 Université Catholique de Louvain 1499, 1508 Università di Padova 1516 Université de Paris 1472 Università di Padova 1477, 1481 Universität Basel / Université de Poitiers 1474, 1490 Collège Sainte-Barbe
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Franklin, Citizen Scientist
    DR. FRANKLIN, FRANKLIN, DR. CITIZEN SCIENTIST CITIZEN CITIZEN SCIENTIST CITIZEN SCIENTIST Janine Yorimoto Boldt With contributions by Emily A. Margolis and Introduction by Patrick Spero Edited by the Contents 5 INTRODUCTION Patrick Spero Published on the occasion of the exhibition 8 Dr. Franklin, Citizen Scientist April–December ACKNOWLEDGMENTS American Philosophical Society ­ South Fifth Street 10 Philadelphia, PA ESSAY amphilsoc.org Dr. Franklin, Citizen Scientist is exhibition catalog was made possible by a grant from the Janine Yorimoto Boldt National Endowment for the Humanities. 41 A BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TIMELINE 42 ILLUSTRATED CHECKLIST Any views, ndings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent those of the Janine Yorimoto Boldt / Emily A. Margolis National Endowment for the Humanities. 106 EDITED BY the American Philosophical Society SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY PROJECT MANAGEMENT Mary Grace Wahl DESIGN barb barnett graphic design llc PRINTING Brilliant Graphics, Exton, PA Front cover: Charles Willson Peale, Portrait of Benjamin Franklin (detail), , APS. Inside front cover and last page: Adapted illustrations from Benjamin Franklin, Experiments and Observations on Electricity, rd ed. ( ), APS. Copyright © by the American Philosophical Society Library & Museum All rights reserved. Identiers: ISBN -- - - | LCCN Also available as a free downloadable PDF at: https://diglib.amphilsoc.org/franklinsenlightenment/ Introducti In ­, Benjamin Franklin and a group of other civically minded individuals got together to form something called the “American Philosophical Society.” Philosophy, at the time, had a much di¡erent meaning than it does today. To be a philosopher was to be one who systematically inquired into nature, often in ways that we would today consider science. e Society’s purpose was thus to “promote useful knowledge” by bringing the greatest thinkers in the British colonies together to share all that they knew and were learning.
    [Show full text]
  • Philosophical Transactions (A)
    INDEX TO THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS (A) FOR THE YEAR 1889. A. A bney (W. de W.). Total Eclipse of the San observed at Caroline Island, on 6th May, 1883, 119. A bney (W. de W.) and T horpe (T. E.). On the Determination of the Photometric Intensity of the Coronal Light during the Solar Eclipse of August 28-29, 1886, 363. Alcohol, a study of the thermal properties of propyl, 137 (see R amsay and Y oung). Archer (R. H.). Observations made by Newcomb’s Method on the Visibility of Extension of the Coronal Streamers at Hog Island, Grenada, Eclipse of August 28-29, 1886, 382. Atomic weight of gold, revision of the, 395 (see Mallet). B. B oys (C. V.). The Radio-Micrometer, 159. B ryan (G. H.). The Waves on a Rotating Liquid Spheroid of Finite Ellipticity, 187. C. Conroy (Sir J.). Some Observations on the Amount of Light Reflected and Transmitted by Certain 'Kinds of Glass, 245. Corona, on the photographs of the, obtained at Prickly Point and Carriacou Island, total solar eclipse, August 29, 1886, 347 (see W esley). Coronal light, on the determination of the, during the solar eclipse of August 28-29, 1886, 363 (see Abney and Thorpe). Coronal streamers, observations made by Newcomb’s Method on the Visibility of, Eclipse of August 28-29, 1886, 382 (see A rcher). Cosmogony, on the mechanical conditions of a swarm of meteorites, and on theories of, 1 (see Darwin). Currents induced in a spherical conductor by variation of an external magnetic potential, 513 (see Lamb). 520 INDEX.
    [Show full text]
  • Benjamin Franklin 1 Benjamin Franklin
    Benjamin Franklin 1 Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin 6th President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania In office October 18, 1785 – December 1, 1788 Preceded by John Dickinson Succeeded by Thomas Mifflin 23rd Speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly In office 1765–1765 Preceded by Isaac Norris Succeeded by Isaac Norris United States Minister to France In office 1778–1785 Appointed by Congress of the Confederation Preceded by New office Succeeded by Thomas Jefferson United States Minister to Sweden In office 1782–1783 Appointed by Congress of the Confederation Preceded by New office Succeeded by Jonathan Russell 1st United States Postmaster General In office 1775–1776 Appointed by Continental Congress Preceded by New office Succeeded by Richard Bache Personal details Benjamin Franklin 2 Born January 17, 1706 Boston, Massachusetts Bay Died April 17, 1790 (aged 84) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Nationality American Political party None Spouse(s) Deborah Read Children William Franklin Francis Folger Franklin Sarah Franklin Bache Profession Scientist Writer Politician Signature [1] Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 [O.S. January 6, 1705 ] – April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, musician, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and the first fire department in Pennsylvania.
    [Show full text]
  • Where, Oh Waring? the Classic Problem and Its Extensions
    Where, Oh Waring? The Classic Problem and its Extensions Brian D. Beasley Presbyterian College, Clinton, SC Brian Beasley (B.S., Emory University; M.S., University of North Carolina; Ph.D., University of South Carolina) has taught at Pres- byterian College since 1988. He became a member of the Mathe- matical Association of America in 1989 and joined ACMS in 2007. Outside the classroom, Brian enjoys family time with his wife and two sons. He is an enthusiastic Scrabble player, a not-so-avid jog- ger, and a very shaky unicyclist. In the 2009-2010 academic year, one of our mathematics majors, Olivia Hightower, became interested in the history of Edward Waring and his famous conjecture about expressing positive integers as the sum of kth powers. Olivia's investigation eventually led to her honors project on Waring's Problem, in which she focused on the history of the conjecture, the eventual proof that all positive integers may be written as the sum of at most nine cubes, and the work of Hardy and Wright in establishing lower bounds in the case of sufficiently large integers. Her research renewed her professor's own interest in Waring, leading to the following article. This paper will sketch brief outlines of Waring's life and the history behind the eventual solution to his problem. In addition, it will present some of the related questions currently being studied, such as expressing sufficiently large integers as sums of powers, sums of powers of primes, and sums of unlike powers. We begin with a short summary of the biography of Edward Waring.
    [Show full text]
  • Magdalene College Magazine 2017-18
    magdalene college magdalene magdalene college magazine magazine No 62 No 62 2017–18 2017 –18 Designed and printed by The Lavenham Press. www.lavenhampress.co.uk MAGDALENE COLLEGE The Fellowship, October 2018 THE GOVERNING BODY 2013 MASTER: The Rt Revd & Rt Hon the Lord Williams of Oystermouth, PC, DD, Hon DCL (Oxford), FBA 1987 PRESIDENT: M E J Hughes, MA, PhD, Pepys Librarian, Director of Studies and University Affiliated Lecturer in English 1981 M A Carpenter, ScD, Professor of Mineralogy and Mineral Physics 1984 H A Chase, ScD, FREng, Director of Studies in Chemical Engineering and Emeritus Professor of Biochemical Engineering 1984 J R Patterson, MA, PhD, Praelector, Director of Studies in Classics and USL in Ancient History 1989 T Spencer, MA, PhD, Director of Studies in Geography and Professor of Coastal Dynamics 1990 B J Burchell, MA, and PhD (Warwick), Tutor, Joint Director of Studies in Human, Social and Political Science and Reader in Sociology 1990 S Martin, MA, PhD, Senior Tutor, Admissions Tutor (Undergraduates), Director of Studies and University Affiliated Lecturer in Mathematics 1992 K Patel, MA, MSc and PhD (Essex), Director of Studies in Economics & in Land Economy and UL in Property Finance 1993 T N Harper, MA, PhD, College Lecturer in History and Professor of Southeast Asian History (1990: Research Fellow) 1994 N G Jones, MA, LLM, PhD, Dean, Director of Studies in Law and Reader in English Legal History 1995 H Babinsky, MA and PhD (Cranfield), College Lecturer in Engineering and Professor of Aerodynamics 1996 P Dupree,
    [Show full text]
  • Unusual Jefferson Alumni, Pp. 153-230
    Thomas Jefferson University Jefferson Digital Commons Legend and Lore: Jefferson Medical College Jefferson History and Publications March 2009 Chapter 6- Unusual Jefferson Alumni, pp. 153-230 Follow this and additional works at: https://jdc.jefferson.edu/savacool Part of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Recommended Citation "Chapter 6- Unusual Jefferson Alumni, pp. 153-230" (2009). Legend and Lore: Jefferson Medical College. Paper 7. https://jdc.jefferson.edu/savacool/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Jefferson Digital Commons. The Jefferson Digital Commons is a service of Thomas Jefferson University's Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL). The Commons is a showcase for Jefferson books and journals, peer-reviewed scholarly publications, unique historical collections from the University archives, and teaching tools. The Jefferson Digital Commons allows researchers and interested readers anywhere in the world to learn about and keep up to date with Jefferson scholarship. This article has been accepted for inclusion in Legend and Lore: Jefferson Medical College by an authorized administrator of the Jefferson Digital Commons. For more information, please contact: [email protected]. LEGEND & LORE Jefferson Medical College Unusual l!======,Je ffers on====~ Alumni Atkinson Pelham (JMC. 1826): Southern Student Wh en Jefferson Medical Co llege was founded outsid e the state, and one from Ireland. As the in 1824, Philadelphia was the undisputed medical enrollment increased and even exceeded that of the center of the United States. It then cou ld boast of University, the number of stude nts from the south two rival medical colleges in which that of the comprised about one third.
    [Show full text]
  • Waring's Problem
    MATHEMATICS MASTER’STHESIS WARING’SPROBLEM JANNESUOMALAINEN HELSINKI 2016 UNIVERSITYOFHELSINKI HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO — HELSINGFORS UNIVERSITET — UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Tiedekunta/Osasto — Fakultet/Sektion — Faculty Laitos — Institution — Department Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Statistics Tekijä — Författare — Author Janne Suomalainen Työn nimi — Arbetets titel — Title Waring’s Problem Oppiaine — Läroämne — Subject Mathematics Työn laji — Arbetets art — Level Aika — Datum — Month and year Sivumäärä — Sidoantal — Number of pages Master’s Thesis 9/2016 36 p. Tiivistelmä — Referat — Abstract Waring’s problem is one of the two classical problems in additive number theory, the other being Goldbach’s conjecture. The aims of this thesis are to provide an elementary, purely arithmetic solution of the Waring problem, to survey its vast history and to outline a few variations to it. Additive number theory studies the patterns and properties, which arise when integers or sets of integers are added. The theory saw a new surge after 1770, just before Lagrange’s celebrated proof of the four-square theorem, when a British mathematician, Lucasian professor Edward Waring made the profound statement nowadays dubbed as Waring’s problem: for all integers n greater than one, there exists a finite integer s such that every positive integer is the sum of s nth powers of non- negative integers. Ever since, the problem has been taken up by many mathematicians and state of the art techniques have been developed — to the point that Waring’s problem, in a general sense, can be considered almost completely solved. The first section of the thesis works as an introduction to the problem. We give a profile of Edward Waring, state the problem both in its original form and using present-day language, and take a broad look over the history of the problem.
    [Show full text]
  • Theodore William Dwight
    Appendix Beta2: The Nantes Intellectual Line Connecting brothers of Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity at Cornell University, tracing their fraternal Big Brother/Little Brother line to the tri-Founders and their Pledges . Joseph Benson Foraker was a founder of New York Alpha, in the Class of 1869, and studied under . . .Theodore Dwight in those first years . Professor Theodore William Dwight . William Smith was brought to Penn by was influenced by Samuel Finley Benjamin Franklin . Breese Morse . . Samuel Finley Breese Morse was, . Benjamin Franklin’s endeavors were in turn, influenced by sponsored by the Frenchman Washington Allston . Jacques-Donatien Le Ray . . Washington Allston was influenced by . Jacques-Donatien Le Ray was the son Benjamin West . of René François Le Ray . . Benjamin West was influenced by . René François Le Ray was the son of William Smith . Jean Le Ray of Nantes. Below we present short biographies of the Nantes intellectual line of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity at Cornell University. “Who defends the House.” We begin with brother Joseph Benson Foraker of the Class of 1869, who studied under Professor Theodore Dwight in the University’s first years of existence. Theodore William Dwight (1822- 1892), American jurist and educator, cousin of Theodore Dwight Woolsey and of Timothy Dwight V, was born July 18, 1822 in Catskill, New York. His father was Benjamin Woolsey Dwight (1780-1850), a physician and merchant, and his grandfather was Timothy Dwight IV (1752- 1817), a prominent theologian, educator, author, and president of Yale University from 1795-1817. Theodore Dwight graduated from Hamilton College in 1840 where he studied physics under SFB Morse and John William Draper.
    [Show full text]
  • Back Matter (PDF)
    [ 387 ] INDEX TO THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS, S e r ie s A, V ol. 194. A. Alloys of gold and aluminium (Heycock and Neville), 201. B. Bakerian Lecture (Tilden), 233. C. Chappuis (P.). See Habkeb and Chappuis. Children, association of defects in (Yule), 257. Cole (E. S.). See W obthinoton and Cole. Combinatorial analysis (MacMahon), 361. Conductivity of dilute solutions (W hetham), 321. E. Earthquake motion, propagation to great distances (Oldham), 135. G. Gold-aluminium alloys—melting-point curve (Heycock and Neville), 201. Gbindley (John H.). An Experimental Investigation of the Tliermo-dynamical Properties of Superheated Steam.—On the Cooling of Saturated Steam by Free Expansion, 1. H. Habkeb (J. A.) and Chapptjis (P.). A Comparison of Platinum and Gas Thermometers, including a Determination of the Boiling-point of Sulphur on the Nitrogen Scale, 37. Heycock (C. T.) and Neville (F. H.). Gold-aluminium alloys, 201. VOL. CXCIV.---- A 261. 3 D 2 388 INDEX. T. Impact with a liquid surface (W orthington and Cole), 175. Ionization of solutions at freezing point (W hetham), 321. L. Latin square problem (MacMahon), 361. M. MacMahon (P. A.). Combinatorial Analysis.—The Foundations of a New Theory, 361. Metals, specific heats of—relation to atomic weights (Tilden), 233. N. N eville (F. H.). See H eycock and N eville. O. Oldham (R. D.) On the Propagation of Earthquake Motion to Great Distances, 135. P. Perry (John). Appendix to Prof. Tilden’s Bakerian Lecture—Thermo-dynamics of a Solid, 250. R. Resistance coils—standardization o f; manganin as material for (Harker and Chappuis), 37. S.
    [Show full text]