FOR FIRSTAID THE® NBDE Part II Jason E. Portnof, DMD, MD Chief Resident Division of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York Timothy Leung, MHSc, DMD, MD Resident Division of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York Series Editor Tao Le, MD, MHS Assistant Clinical Professor Chief, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky New York / Chicago / San Francisco / Lisbon / London / Madrid / Mexico City Milan / New Delhi / San Juan / Seoul / Singapore / Sydney / Toronto Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. 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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071482539 PREFACE With First Aid for the NBDE Part II, we continue the First Aid commitment to providing students with the most useful and up-to-date exam preparation guides. This new addition to the First Aid series represents an outstanding effort by a talented group of authors and includes the following: ■ Frequently tested information and figures based on student experience. ■ High-yield images, diagrams, and tables. ■ Key Facts and helpful mnemonics. ■ A high-yield collection of glossy photos similar to those appearing on the NBDE Part II exam. ■ Case Studies and NBDE-style questions. This first edition would not have been possible without the help of the students and faculty members who contributed their feedback and suggestions. We invite you to share your thoughts and ideas with us via email at fi[email protected], to help us improve First Aid for the NBDE Part II Good luck on your boards! New York Jason E. Portnof New York Timothy Leung xi Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click here for terms of use. For more information about this title, click here CONTENTS Contributors vii Faculty Reviewers ix Preface xi SECTION I GUIDE TO EFFICIENT EXAM PREPARATION 1 Introduction 3 SECTION II DATABASE OF HIGH-YIELD FACTS: DISCIPLINE-BASED COMPONENT 9 Operative Dentistry 11 Pharmacology 29 Prosthodontics 51 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 83 Orthodontics 121 Pediatric Dentistry 153 Endodontics 177 Periodontics 193 Radiology 239 Pathology 255 Patient Management, Public Health, and Ethics 325 SECTION III CASE-BASED COMPONENT 343 Case 1 345 Case 2 351 Case 3 357 Case 4 363 Case 5 369 Index 377 Color insert appears between pages 324 and 325. v EXAM PREPARATION EXAM GUIDE TO EFFICIENT TO GUIDE ᭤ INTRODUCTION TO THE NBDE PART II Passing the National Board Dental Examination (NBDE) Parts I and II is a basic requirement for initial dental licensure in the United States. Most den- tal students take the Part II exam during their final year of dental school. The National Board Dental Examination Part II is a comprehensive exam- ination that tests the material you have learned in both your preclinical and clinical years. The Part II examination comprises of 500 multiple choice test items in total. The basic structure of the NBDE Part II is divided into two sec- tions. The discipline-based component (Component A) consists of 400 items, and the case-based component (Component B) includes 100 items based on approximately 10 case problems. 70% of these Component B cases are based on adults and 30% deal with pediatric issues. The test has been developed so that 15% of Component B test questions will cover topics related to the man- agement of medically compromised adults and children. The clinical dental sciences tested in the NBDE Part II include operative dentistry, pharmacology, endodontics, periodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery and pain control, prosthodontics, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry and oral diagnosis, oral pathology/dental radiology, and patient management (behavioral science/dental public health and occupational safety). About 30% of the items tested in NBDE Part II will have references applicable to the basic sciences and 30% will be multidisciplinary. The test is no longer offered in a print format. However, the computerized NBDE Part II is offered all year-round by Thompson Prometric at Prometric Testing Centers. The examination must be scheduled on 2 consecutive days. Information about NBDE Part II format, eligibility, registration, and scoring can be found at www.ada.org ᭤ COMPUTER-BASED TESTING BASICS Candidates planning to take the NBDE Part II must submit an application and fee to the Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations. Once the application is processed, eligible test takers can register for the NBDE Part II testing appointment through Thompson Prometric (http://www.prometric. com) or by calling the Thompson Prometric National Registration Center 800- phone number. On the day of the exam, you will be required to bring two forms of identi- fication. One form of identity (ID) will require both a photograph and a sig- nature. Passports or drivers licenses are always acceptable forms of primary identification. The names on the IDs must match exactly with the name on the candidate’s Part II application file. The test taker should also know their Social Security or Social Insurance number. Candidates will be photographed and fingerprinted at the Prometric Test- ing Center. The test is administered under strict supervision and security. Prior to beginning the actual examination, the candidate is given the opportunity to take a brief tutorial. This will help familiarize the test taker with the computerized format. ᭤ DEFINING YOUR GOAL The first step you must take as an NBDE test-taker is define your individual goal for the examination. You can tailor your study style and intensity depend- ing on your performance goals. By determining how high you want to score 3 Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click here for terms of use. on the exam, you can establish how much study time and preparation you will require. Dental students taking the NBDE Part II have varied goals and utilize var- ious different study techniques to meet these different goals. Determine your personal goal and define what is driving you toward that goal. GUIDE TO EFFICIENT TO GUIDE EXAM PREPARATION EXAM Your goal may depend on the specialty to which you plan on applying. Some specialty programs will require very competitive Part II board scores. Approaching senior dental students who have already undergone the applica- tion process can help you determine individual specialty requirements. You may also want to improve on previous scores in an effort to improve your application profile. ᭤ SCORING OF THE NBDE PART II The score of your NBDE Part II exam is dependent upon two factors. Your raw score (the number of correct answers you selected) and the score scale conver- sion for the examination.