Washington Monthly 2018 College Rankings

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The Prison-to-School Pipeline 2018 COLLEGE RANKINGS What Can College Do For You?

PLUS: The best—and worst— colleges for vocational certificates Which colleges encourage their students to vote? Why colleges should treat SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 $5.95 U.S./$6.95 CAN students like numbers All Information Fixing higher education deserts herein is confidential and embargoed Everything you always wanted to know through Aug. 23, 2018 about higher education policy VOLUME 50 NUMBER 9/10 SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE Features NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES THE 2018 COLLEGE GUIDE *Public institution Introduction: A Different Kind of College Ranking 15 °For-profit institution by Kevin Carey

America’s Best and Worst Colleges for%offederalwork-studyfunds Vocational Certificates 20 GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performancerankEarningsperformancerankNoNetpricerank publicationRepaymentrankPredictedrepaymentraterankResearch has expendituresBachelor’stoPhDrank everScience&engineeringPhDsrank rank rankedFacultyawardsrankFacultyinNationalAcademiesrank thePeaceCorpsrank schoolsROTC rank wherespentonservicerankMatchesAmeriCorpsservicegrants? millionsVotingengagementpoints of Americans 1 Harvard University (MA) 3 35 60 140 41 2seek 5 168 job310 skills.8 Until10 now.17 1 4 130 188 22 NO 4 2 Stanford University (CA) 7 128 107 146 55 11 by2 Paul16 48Glastris7 6 7 2 2 70 232 18 NO 1 3 MA Institute of Technology (MA) 16 234 177 64 48 7 17 8 89 13 2 10 3 3 270 17 276 NO 0

4 Princeton University (NJ) 1 119 100 100 23 20 Best3 30 &90 Worst67 Vocational5 40 6 5 Certificate117 106 203 ProgramsNO 1 Rankings 22 5 Yale University (CT) 4 138 28 121 49 22 America’s8 22 87 18Best3 Colleges39 7 9 for134 Student22 189 VotingNO 0 28 6 Duke University (NC) 9 202 19 156 218 18 Our26 15 first-of-its-kind183 6 12 list37 of9 the15 schools44 49doing215 theNO most3 to turn students into citizens. 7 University of California–San Diego (CA)* 39 70 82 10 10 268 60 57 37 5 44 21 5 7 77 212 16 NO 3 by Saahil Desai 8 Georgetown University (DC) 10 66 55 227 202 1 95 23 63 92 39 132 140 73 5 134 189 NO 1 9 University of California–Los Angeles (CA)* 21 32 103 43 19 191 America’s42 85 88 9Best42 Colleges 12 21 13 for47 Adult 147 47LearnersNO 3 31 10 University of California–Davis (CA)* 53 53 134 7438 34 73 Nearly89 67 half19 of24 all 52college20 65students25 56 are 210twenty-five16 NO or4 older. 11 Texas A&M University–College Station (TX)* 70 30 222 225 93 94 Yet33 55no publication6 15 111 ranks8 109 the63 top 143schools1 for10 them—exceptNO 1 us. 12 Utah State University (UT)* 209 23 8 42 171 14 by92 Gilad89 4 Edelman94 191 128 104 161 242 100 1 NO 0 13 University of Pennsylvania (PA) 5 121 115 163 118 8 44 27 76 11 63 30 11 8 102 203 89 NO 1

14 Columbia Univ. in the City of NY (NY) 15 84 65 51 66 46 Best13 86 Colleges207 17 13 for23 Adult19 10 Learners45 231 Rankings73 NO 1 32 15 University of Washington–Seattle (WA)* 43 15 128 203 70 254 A21 N84ote62 on 3Methodology:59 15 20 14 Best18 90 Colleges124 NO for3 Adult Learners 40 16 University of NC–Chapel Hill (NC)* 32 60 125 109 174 244 14 48 58 10 31 28 35 37 10 110 110 NO 4 17 University of Florida (FL)* 36 6 169 54 53 185 America’s19 158 163 23Best37 Bang4 73 for69 the32 Buck95 276CollegesNO 4 2018 42 18 University of California–Berkeley (CA)* 22 85 92 27 7 274 Our49 106 exclusive206 21 list 21of schools2 8 6that help55 196 non-wealthy89 NO students1 19 Brown University (RI) 2 56 77 126 112 253 attain29 12 marketable15 59 7 degrees81 10 at35 affordable30 252 prices.295O N 4 IMAGINE A 20 University of California–Irvine (CA)* 37 11 71 32 12 182by 69 Robert102 56 Kelchen60 88 35 25 32 115 216 59 NO 1 21 Brigham Young University–Provo (UT) 45 4 10 8 298 15 Best79 43 Bang69 175 for38 the134 Buck171 148 Rankings218 97 306 NO 0 44 22 University of Wisconsin–Madison (WI)* 48 63 180 223 214 231 130 34 30 4 35 3 30 21 15 121 215 NO 4 23 Dartmouth College (NH) 8 92 27 151 194 70 Wh35 10y More83 86 Colleges8 125 29 Should34 41 Treat198 Students98 NO 1 Like Numbers BETTER54 WORLD. 24 CA State University–Fresno (CA)* 165 64 229 98 57 38 A4 few203 universities79 237 243 are274 using198 161 predictive201 124 analytics2 NO to boost1 25 University of Michigan–Ann Arbor (MI)* 26 105 165 188 189 215 student12 88 276 success.2 29 Are 1they36 outliers—or26 27 151 the246 waveNO of the4 future? 26 University of Illinois at Chicago (IL)* 154 91 38 4 24 84by 84 Kevin147 68 Carey58 163 51 84 91 149 177 303 NO 4 27 University of Notre Dame (IN) 6 113 84 150 241 77 The113 2 Prison-to-College65 89 24 83 33 103 Pipeline48 9 36 NO 1 WE59 ARE. 28 University of California–Riverside (CA)*6 10 127 42 3 18 229 51 177 250 112 146 66 40 60 88 253 3 NO 1 54 For universities squeezed by falling enrollments, recruiting ex-offenders 29 University of Utah (UT)* 92 3 163 106 187 54 1055 10 22 45 124 46 72 55 151 153 124 NO 3 could be a new source of revenue—and a chance to transform lives. OVERALL SCORE: Overall score represents the combined score of ourby three Mel metrics—social Jones mobility, research, and service—with each metric being Imagine a world where sustainable energy powers our daily commute and weighted equally. SOCIAL MOBILITY: The first column ranks the college by the percentageEverything of all students graduating You Alwayswithin eight years, Wanted and the second to Know column ranks based where our nation is safe from cyber-attacks. Imagine a world where food on the predicted rate of graduation (based on incoming ACT/SAT scores, PellAbout Grant percentages, Higher and Education other measures; see Policy our full methodology on page 109). 63 The third column ranks colleges based on the difference in six-year graduationThe ratesbattle between lines Pell for Grant the recipients next Congressand those who are did alreadynot receive clear.a Pell Grant. shortages are replaced with food abundance and where the flu is something our The fourth and fifth columns rank the difference between the actual andby predicted Jared Bass percentages and Clare of Pell McCann Grant recipients and first-generation students based on ACT/SAT scores and the percentage of students admitted. The sixth column ranks colleges based on the difference between actual and predicted earn- children will read about in history books. Imagine a world where the spark of ings of all students (dropouts and graduates) ten years after starting college,Degrees after controlling of Separation for student demographics and majors, living costs, and other 70 factors. The seventh column ranks by the net price of attending that institution,Geography or the average is a barrierprice that tofirst-time, higher full-time education students forwho tenshave a offamily millions in- of an idea can grow into a solution that molds the future. Imagine a world where come below $75,000 per year and receive financial aid pay for college afterrural subtracting Americans. grants and A scholarships. few states The havefinal two hit columns on an rank innovative colleges based solution. on the actual and predicted performance of the percentage of students whoby repaid Anne at least Kim $1 in principal on their loans within five years of entering repayment. inspiration gives birth to innovation. We are, at Mississippi State University, RESEARCH: The first column ranks total research expenditures. The second shows the college’s ranking in the number of bachelor’s recipients who go on National University Rankings 74 to receive PhDs, relative to college size. The third ranks the college by the number of science and engineering PhDs awarded. The fourth column shows the where we ring true. MSSTATE.EDU college’s ranking by the number of faculty receiving prestigious awards, relativeLiberal to the Artsnumber College of full-time faculty. Rankings The fifth column ranks the college by the 88 number of faculty who are members of the National Academies, relative to the number of full-time faculty. SERVICE:The first column ranks the college by the number of alumni whoT opgo on 150to serve Master’s in the Peace Corps, Universities relative to college size. The second column ranks 98 the college by the percentage of students who serve in ROTC. The third Tranksop based 150 on Baccalaureate the percentage of funds inColleges federal work-study money that goes to 104 community service (versus non-community service). The59 fourth category reflects whether a college matches AmeriCorps service grants for undergraduate students in all fields of study (yes), at least one (some), or none (no). The final category includes measures of a college’s voting engagement, and colleges can TOC IMAGES: middle: Chris Matthews; bottom: John O’Boyle A Note on Methodology: 4-Year Colleges and Universities 109 score between zero and four points in this category.

74 September/October 2018

SeptOct_18_Well.indd 74 8/7/18 11:27 AM On Political Books

Editor in Chief Founding Editor Republicans vs. Democracy 111 Paul Glastris Charles Peters Why the war on minority voting rights Senior Editor: Phillip Longman is about to get even worse. Managing Editor: Amy M. Stackhouse Editor: Gilad Edelman by Stephanie Mencimer Digital Editor: Saahil Desai Legal Affairs Editor: Garrett Epps Contributing Writer: Nancy LeTourneau Do You Know Why You Pulled Me Over? 113 Web Editor: Martin Longman Investigatory traffic stops are pointless and Art Director: Amy Swan College Guide Data Manager: Robert Kelchen discriminatory. Why do police still conduct them? College Guide Guest Editor: Kevin Carey Contributing Editors: Jonathan Alter, Steve Benen, James Bennet, Thomas by Charles Epp N. Bethell, Tom Bethell, Katherine Boo, Taylor Branch, Matt Connolly, Matthew Cooper, Michelle Cottle, Kevin Drum, Gregg Easterbrook, Haley Sweetland China’s Risky Play for Global Power 115 Edwards, John Eisendrath, James Fallows, T. A. Frank, Daniel Franklin, Kukula Kapoor Glastris (1958-2017), John Gravois, Joshua Green, Charles Homans, A colossal infrastructure investment program David Ignatius, Mickey Kaus, Phil Keisling, Ed Kilgore, Anne Kim, Michael Kinsley, could make Beijing a lot of friends around Christina Larson, Nicholas Lemann, Suzannah Lessard, Arthur Levine, Joshua Micah Marshall, Jon Meacham, Stephanie Mencimer, Matthew Miller, Rachel the world—or a lot of enemies. Morris, Timothy Noah, Joseph Nocera, John Rothchild, David Segal, Walter Shapiro, by Joshua Kurlantzick Joshua Wolf Shenk, Amy Sullivan, Nicholas Thompson, Steven Waldman, Benjamin Wallace-Wells, Robert Worth Editorial Advisory Board: Nicholas Lemann, Chair; Clara Bingham, Debra Giving Us the Business 118 Dickerson, James Fallows, Steven Teles Strategic Advisory Board: Emanuel L. Rouvelas, Chair; Clara Bingham, Robert How hidden fees bleed the middle class dry. L. DeFer, William V. Glastris, Markos Kounalakis, Jeffrey Leonard, Kathleen by Stephen Phillips Kennedy Townsend Interns: Grace Gedye, Haley Samsel

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SPECIAL THANKS TO LUMINA FOUNDATION, THE KRESGE FOUNDATION, THE BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION, 10 September/October 2018 AND THE FOUNDATION FOR CIVIC LEADERSHIP, FOR THEIR SUPPORT INTRODUCTION: A DIFFERENT KIND OF COLLEGE RANKING

By Kevin Carey

hirteen years ago, the Washington Monthly set out to solve Guide, we speculated about how bad a higher education secre- a problem. The higher education market was dominated tary Betsy DeVos might turn out to be. She has somehow been T by the U.S. News & World Report rankings, which reward even worse. Data gathering has stopped while DeVos and a col- wealth, fame, and exclusivity. College leaders responded to the lection of former for-profit college executives have begun rip- temptation of better U.S. News scores by raising prices, chasing ping up Obama-era regulations designed to protect students status, and marketing themselves to the children of privilege. from predatory schools. We thought the nation needed exactly the opposite: smart, The human cost of these actions will be enormous. But the well-run colleges that enrolled students from all walks of life and higher education sector has an opportunity to push back, by tak- helped them earn a high-quality diploma at an affordable price. ing a strong public stand against the Trump agenda, and by of- Colleges that instilled a sense of service and public obligation while producing groundbreaking research. So we decided to do something about it and create our own For more on our rankings and the latest in ranking—not based on what colleges do for themselves, but on higher education reform news, go to the what they do for their country. After all, everyone benefits when College Guide section of our website, at colleges push the boundaries of scientific discovery and provide washingtonmonthly.com/2018-college-guide paths to opportunity for the next generation of low-income students. And everyone pays for college, through taxes and other forms of public support. fering students a better deal than the boiler rooms full of tele- Today, the Washington Monthly rankings are often listed marketers who are doubtless filling up now that DeVos has de- alongside (or above) U.S. News when colleges tout their national clared open season on vulnerable students. standing. We rate schools on three equally weighted criteria: so- There are plenty of examples to choose from: colleges and cial mobility, research, and public service. Instead of rewarding universities you’ve likely never heard of that do a fantastic job of schools that reject 95 percent of applicants, we give high marks opening their doors to a wide array of students and giving them to colleges that enroll lots of low-income students and help a great twenty-first-century education. Indeed, that’s probably them graduate and earn a good living without too much debt. why you’ve never heard of them—because the lure of wealth, We factor in pure research spending and the number of under- fame, and exclusivity is still a powerful force in defining higher graduates who go on to earn PhDs. And we give extra weight to education excellence. colleges that send their graduates out into the world to serve the We know colleges can do better. Here are some of the insti- community at large. tutions leading the way. For most of our rankings history, policymakers followed our lead. Both the Bush and Obama administrations challenged National Universities the entrenched higher education lobby to disclose more information about student success. Innovative institutions began The upper echelon of the U.S. News ranking of national touting their ability to enroll bigger, more diverse classes and universities—big, research-focused institutions that draw stu- help them land good jobs after graduation. dents from around the country—is a who’s who of expen- Then Donald Trump was elected, and forward momen- sive private schools. Not a single public university makes their tum at the federal level ground to a halt. In last year’s College top twenty. Ours, by contrast, includes a range of great public

Washington Monthly 15 TOP 30 model is neither replicable nor expandable. The really interest- NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES ing universities are just a little farther down our list. Augusta University doesn’t even get an individual ranking in U.S. News: it’s listed as “#231–#300,” in a seventy-way tie for 1. HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MA) 2 last place. Yet in our rankings, it comes in at number 30. Augus- 2. Stanford University (CA) 5 ta is a public research university in Georgia that enrolls an eco- nomically and racially diverse student body, nearly two-thirds of 3. MA Institute of Technology (MA) 5 whom are women. With a focus on in-demand jobs in the health 4. Princeton University (NJ) 1 care sector, Augusta graduates earn far more money than our 5. Yale University (CT) 3 statistical models predict and pay their loans back at a much 6. Duke University (NC) 9 higher rate, all for an affordable net price of about $10,000 per 7. University of California–San Diego (CA)* 42 year for families earning less than $75,000. 8. Georgetown University (DC) 20 Michigan Technological University isn’t nearly as well known as the other public universities in that state that routine- 9. University of California–Los Angeles (CA)* 21 ly compete for football and basketball championships. We rank 10. University of California–Davis (CA)* 46 it number 36 because it scores well on all three of our metrics, 11. Texas A&M University–College Station (TX)* 69 combining solid social mobility and research results with stellar 12. Utah State University (UT)* 216 public service numbers. In addition to sending an unusual num- 13. University of Pennsylvania (PA) 8 ber of students into ROTC and the Peace Corps, MTU got the 14. Columbia University in the City of NY (NY) 5 highest possible score on our new “voting engagement” measure by participating in the National Study of Learning, Voting, and 15. University of Washington–Seattle (WA)* 56 Engagement, voluntarily publishing student voting rates, and 16. University of NC–Chapel Hill (NC)* 30 releasing an action plan to improve civic engagement. 17. University of Florida (FL)* 42 National Louis University, a private nonprofit university 18. University of California–Berkeley (CA)* 21 near Chicago, sits just outside our top fifty because it has a much 19. Brown University (RI) 14 higher graduation rate than our models predict given the large 20. University of California–Irvine (CA)* 42 number of low-income students it enrolls. National Louis is also one of only a handful of universities with a higher graduation 21. Brigham Young University–Provo (UT) 61 rate for students who are eligible for Pell Grants than for non- 22. University of Wisconsin–Madison (WI)* 46 Pell students, another new measure we added this year. 23. Dartmouth College (NH) 11 Then there are the universities at the bottom of our rank- 24. CA State University–Fresno (CA)* 223 ings, many of which enjoy some measure of prestige or success 25. University of Michigan–Ann Arbor (MI)* 28 in the national market. Liberty University president Jerry Fal- 26. University of Illinois at Chicago (IL)* 145 well Jr. regularly denounces federal involvement in higher education—except when it comes to filling his school’s bank ac- 27. University of Notre Dame (IN) 18 count, which overflows with revenues from federal grant and 28. University of California–Riverside (CA)* 124 loan programs. But while Liberty is happy to take money from 29. University of Utah (UT)* 110 Pell Grant students, it doesn’t seem to care much about helping 30. Augusta University (GA)* 231–300 them graduate. Liberty has one of the worst Pell/non-Pell graduation rate disparities in the nation. This is probably why, five *Public institution The 2018 U.S. News rankings were released in October 2017. years after leaving Liberty, barely half of students have paid back even a single dollar of principal on their student loans. Liberty schools, from research powerhouses in the University of Califor- also conducts scant funded research and sends a minimal num- nia system to land-grant universities like Texas A&M to region- ber of students on to earn PhDs. al innovators like Utah State. These schools do more than just There are public universities in the lower reaches of our enroll enough low-income students to keep up appearances. At rankings—we’re looking at you, Eastern Michigan and the Uni- some, first-generation and needy students make up nearly half versity of Kansas—along with a bunch of overpriced private uni- the freshman class. versities pretending, too often successfully, that being good and To be sure, there are some familiar names on top of our being expensive are exactly the same. If you’re thinking about list: Harvard, Stanford, MIT. This is a testament to the fact that sending your kids to Drexel, Hofstra, or Marquette, think again. you truly can have it all—if you already have it all. There is a tiny Then there’s our third-lowest-ranked national school, Cath- coterie of incredibly wealthy institutions whose multibillion- olic University, in Washington, D.C. In 1900, Catholic was one of dollar endowments allow them to keep real tuition low for non- the fourteen original founders of the Association of American rich students while producing sky-high graduation rates and at- Universities. Nearly all the rest—including Harvard, Princeton, tracting star researchers. The problem is that this organizational and Berkeley—are near the top of our rankings. Catholic’s ser-

16 September/October 2018 vice and research numbers are in the middle of the pack. It ranks TOP 30 near the bottom overall because its social mobility numbers are LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES remarkably bad. Only 13 percent of Catholic U students qualify for Pell Grants, and only 14 percent are first-generation undergrads, 1. BEREA COLLEGE (KY) 68 among the stingiest rates nationwide. But despite enrolling few 2. Washington and Lee University (VA) 10 low- and moderate-income students, it charges them a net price 3. Harvey Mudd College (CA) 12 of nearly $32,000 per year, among the very highest. Catholic isn’t just indifferent to the idea of providing low-income students 4. Amherst College (MA) 2 with an affordable college education. It appears to be openly 5. Bowdoin College (ME) 3 hostile. God said he who oppresseth the poor reproacheth his 6. Swarthmore College (PA) 3 Maker. We agree. 7. Bryn Mawr College (PA) 32 8. Williams College (MA) 1 Liberal Arts Colleges 9. Middlebury College (VT) 6 Berea College has become our perennial top-ranked liberal arts 10. Wellesley College (MA) 3 college because of its unique mission of providing a great free 11. Haverford College (PA) 18 education to low-income and first-generation students in Ken- 12. Hamilton College (NY) 18 tucky and Appalachia, with a strong commitment to service. 13. Sterling College (VT) N/A Washington and Lee, in Virginia, climbed up to the second spot 14. Colgate University (NY) 12 this year with strong across-the-board graduation rates, very 15. Bates College (ME) 23 high earnings among alumni, and generous financial aid for low- and moderate-income students. Harvey Mudd College, in Cali- 16. Vassar College (NY) 12 fornia, at number 3, sends more graduates into PhD programs 17. Claremont McKenna College (CA) 8 than any other liberal arts school. 18. Pomona College (CA) 6 Women’s colleges often score well on our rankings, in- 19. Lafayette College (PA) 36 cluding high marks for Bryn Mawr, Wellesley, and Barnard. 20. Davidson College (NC) 10 Salem College, in North Carolina, was originally founded as 21. Wesleyan University (CT) 21 a girls’ school by the Moravian Church in 1772, making it the oldest women’s college in the South. More than half of Salem 22. Barnard College (NY) 26 women receive Pell Grants, a much higher rate than our mod- 23. College of the Holy Cross (MA) 33 els predict given the school’s solid ACT scores. It also gradu- 24. Salem College (NC) 117 ates Pell students at unusually high rates. Agnes Scott College 25. Allegheny College (PA) 82 in Georgia is yet another women’s school that outperforms on 26. Cornell College (LA) 87 the Washington Monthly rankings, with admirable social mo- 27. Colby College (ME) 12 bility and research numbers and strong ongoing commitment to the Peace Corps. 28. St. Mary’s College of Maryland (MD) 96 29. Carleton College (MN) 8 Regional Campuses 30. College of Saint Benedict (MN) 87

While national universities and the upper echelon of liberal arts *Public institution colleges tend to dominate the national sense of what higher education is and ought to be, most students go elsewhere. Regional the competitive and affordable SUNY system, and Evergreen campuses, which focus more on teaching and draw most of their State College, which will be our number 1 master’s campus as students from nearby, are the workhorses of the four-year sec- long as it continues to have stellar social mobility and service tor, enrolling tens of thousands of students who have jobs, fami- numbers while producing alumnae like Kathleen Hanna and lies, homes off campus, or all of the above. Students like these, two of the founding members of the rock band Sleater-Kinney. whom the government classifies as “nontraditional,” in fact Our bottom-ranked master’s institution, all the way make up the majority of America’s undergrads. down at number 695, is South University’s online campus. Al- Just as University of California schools crowd the top of though located in Georgia, South University is actually named our national universities list, the California State University for John T. South, who bought the unaccredited Draughon’s campuses at San Bernardino, Stanislaus, Bakersfield, and Los Practical Business College in 1974 and rode a wave of federal Angeles rank third, fourth, fifth, and sixth respectively on our student loan money to modest fame and great fortune, chris- ranking of master’s-granting universities. They are topped only tening his college after himself—and prompting a lawsuit from by SUNY-Geneseo, a highly selective liberal arts school within the actual University of the South—before selling it for $50

Washington Monthly 17 million to the notorious for-profit operator EDMC, which fur- Department of Education and the IRS to generate the informa- ther expanded into the online gold rush in the 2000s, produc- tion needed to hold for-profit colleges accountable for whether ing student outcomes so terrible that it fell into hot water with program graduates make enough money to pay back their loans. its accreditor. EDMC was ultimately saved when the school If those regulations are erased, as DeVos is explicitly planning, was in turn bought by a Pentecostal “nonprofit” called the the need for supporting data disappears. Even in this corner of Dream Center Foundation, using a loan partially financed by the public policy universe, the Trump administration’s prostra- the chair of the foundation itself, thus relieving it of for-profit tion to the desires of big business is making the world a worse oversight. South University Online has a six-year graduation place to be. (DeVos has proposed to disclose new information rate of 2 percent for Pell and non-Pell students alike. It conducts about how much graduates of individual programs within col- no research and provides no service, and nearly three-quarters leges earn, a good idea that originated during the Obama admin- of its former students can’t pay down their loans. istration. But following through on that pledge would involve a commitment to the public good that has so far been lacking.) What’s Next? The good news is that traditions and mechanisms for creat- ing better information aren’t erased so easily. The data spigot is a Although Betsy DeVos made her bones as a pro-privatization lot easier to turn back on once it has been built in the first place. K–12 education reformer, her lasting legacy, if any, will likely be There’s a growing appetite among students and policymakers for in higher education. She and her team of industry executives authentic information about college quality—not the number have aggressively moved to gut regulations that stand between of treadmills in the student athletic center or the size of the foot- the people who operate institutions like South University and ball stadium, but real data about how colleges prepare people for enormous piles of student and taxpayer money. And when stu- life, citizenship, and careers. The Washington Monthly rankings dents are inevitably defrauded, DeVos is working hard to make are part of a larger project to fundamentally change the way peo- it nearly impossible for their crushing student loan balances to ple understand higher learning. It began long before Trump was be forgiven. inflicted on the American body politic, and it will continue long A malign side effect of the DeVos deregulatory agenda will after he’s gone. be a reduction in the flow of useful information. Regulations re- quire data. The earnings numbers we use in our social mobili- Kevin Carey directs the Education Policy Program at New America and is ty rankings, for example, come from an agreement between the guest editor of the Washington Monthly College Guide issue.

18 September/October 2018 AMERICA’S BEST AND WORST COLLEGES FOR VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATES No publication has ever ranked the schools where millions of Americans seek job skills. Until now.

By Paul Glastris

arlier this year, Donald Trump said this to a group of ucation is in decline, the number of such certificates awarded Republican lawmakers: “Today you have community has, in fact, been climbing for years, from about 566,000 in E colleges and you have all of the—when I was growing 1998–99 to about 1.06 million in 2013–14, the latest year for up we had vocational schools . . . You learn mechanical, you which federal data is available. learn bricklaying and carpentry and all of these things. We In a way, Trump’s cluelessness is understandable. The don’t have that very much anymore. And I think the word major media outlets, Fox News included, seldom cover com- ‘vocational’ is a much better word than in many cases a community colleges, preferring to focus on the elite four-year munity college. A lot of people don’t know what a communi- schools that most journalists themselves attended. U.S. ty college means or represents.” News & World Report doesn’t even bother to rank commu- Donald Trump says a lot of ignorant things. But in this nity colleges. case he was reflecting a blind spot common among Ameri- The Washington Monthly is different. We were the first can elites. For all the talk in political and policy circles about publication to rank America’s best community colleges, back the need for skilled workers, most members of the leadership in 2007 (we did so again in 2009, 2010, and 2013). Other out- class have no real concept of how millions of working-class lets have since followed suit. But all those rankings are based Americans actually get the skills they need for better jobs. on two-year associate’s degrees. No publication has ever The answer is that they primarily do so by earning ranked certificate programs. vocational certificates. These are credentials that typically Until now. In this issue, we inaugurate our first-ever take a year or so to get and provide job skills to work in par- ranking of America’s best colleges for vocational certificates. ticular fields—say, as a dental assistant, an auto mechanic, To create the rankings, we pulled numbers from the U.S. De- or, yes, a bricklayer. And they are mostly provided by, you partment of Education’s “gainful employment” database, re- guessed it, community colleges (for-profit schools are the leased in the final weeks of the Obama administration. This is second biggest purveyor, and private nonprofit colleges are the data behind a controversial regulation of the same name a distant third). that would cut off federal student financial aid to career- None of this is news to members of the working class oriented schools whose students earn so little after gradu- who rely on these credentials to get ahead in life. On aver- ation that they can’t pay back their loans. We selected the age, certificate holders earn about 20 percent more per year twelve most common undergraduate certificate programs than those with just a high school degree, according to the (welding, medical office assistant, and so on) and ranked the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Work- colleges that offer them by the median earnings of their stu- force. And while the president seems to think vocational ed- dents three years after graduation. For informational pur-

20 September/October 2018 poses, we also show the median debt-to-earnings ratios, an- relatively bad—it is absolutely, screamingly, catastrophically nual debt payments, estimated total debt, and outcome un- bad. Consider this: A full-time worker who is paid the feder- der gainful employment—pass, at risk (“zone”), or fail—for al minimum wage of $7.25 an hour earns an annual income the schools. You can see the ten best and ten worst perform- of $15,080. The students from all but one of the colleges on ing schools for each program on pages 22 through 26 (a full the twelve “worst” lists make less than that—in some cas- listing is on our website). es, way, way less. Massage therapy graduates of Intercoast Looking at the top-ten lists, the first thing you might Colleges, a for-profit chain in Orange, California, that ranks notice is that some of these programs—nursing, welding, dead last in that field, earn $2,707 a year. And that’s median HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning)—lead earnings—meaning half of them make less. Certificates from to relatively decent-paying careers. For instance, graduates such schools are worse than useless—they’re toxic, because from the HVAC program at Perry Technical Institute, a pri- they typically saddle students with debts they may never be vate nonprofit college in Washington State, make $47,685 an- able to pay off. nually three years after graduating. That’s nearly twice what What kinds of schools are these? Our rankings make a typical American age twenty-five to thirty-four with only a that clear, too. Some of the worst-performing institutions in high school degree makes a year. these categories are community colleges, a fact that may con- Some other programs, however—skin care, medical found liberals who defend public colleges. The vast majority, clinic assistant—don’t lead to high incomes. Graduates of however, are for-profits, a fact that ought to trouble conser- the number 1 school for cosmetology, Josef’s School of Hair vatives. To scramble expectations even further, note that a Design in Fargo, North Dakota, make only $26,432. That few of the best-performing colleges are for-profits, though statistic is a bit deceptive in that cosmetologists—as well the great majority are community colleges. as massage therapists and others in direct-service fields— Shutting down the worst-performing certificate- can also garner substantial tip income that doesn’t show up granting schools—regardless of whether they are for-profit, in these numbers. But back-office professionals, like medi- nonprofit, or public—would be a major advance in the fight cal office assistants and pharmacy techs, aren’t earning tip against inequality and a big help to working-class Americans income—just low salaries. looking to get ahead. That’s what the gainful employment Another thing you’ll notice is the huge disparity be- rule—created by the Obama administration against tremen- tween the best and worst schools in each field. For instance, dous resistance from Republicans and the for-profit college students who earned certificates in medical insurance cod- industry—was set up to do. ing from Columbus State Community College in Ohio, the Earlier this year, however, Trump’s Education Depart- top-scoring school in that category, have median annual in- ment proposed eliminating the rule’s sanctions against low- comes of $35,250 three years out. That’s almost four times performing schools. Then, this summer, the New York Times more than the $9,796 earned by graduates of Bryan Universi- reported that the department was considering abandoning ty in Springfield, Missouri, a for-profit. And Bryan grads are the gainful employment rule altogether in favor of a system saddled with more than twice the amount of debt ($13,720) as that would reveal program-level earnings and debt data for Columbus State grads ($5,782). all colleges, not just those that grant certificates. Such a re- The gap is even bigger in other fields. Welding certifi- porting system would actually be a step forward for transpar- cate holders from top-ranked Northern Wyoming Communi- ency, but without sanctions against low-performing schools ty College make six times more per year ($52,225) than those it wouldn’t provide much accountability. who attended bottom-ranked Peninsula College in Washing- Implicit in Trump’s endorsement of vocational ed- ton State ($8,739). The earnings differential for massage ther- ucation is that it is universally a wonderful thing. Many apists is ten to one. elites voice the same sentiments—including lawmakers To put these disparities into perspective, students of in both parties who have recently proposed making Harvard University, the top school on our list of four-year shorter-term certificate programs eligible for federal national universities, earned about $90,000 ten years af- student aid (see Jared Bass and Clare McCann, “Everything ter entering. That’s only two and a third times the roughly You Always Wanted to Know About Higher Education Policy,” $38,000 annual income of those who attended Argosy Uni- page 63). But while the instinct to put more resources into versity in Orange County, California, the lowest-performing vocational education is right—it could help more Americans school on that list. And Harvard is highly selective, where- attain the better-paying “middle skill” jobs many companies as Argosy is “open admissions”—it accepts almost all appli- these days find hard to fill—the undifferentiated enthusiasm cants. You’d expect the gap between four-year schools to be for the idea bespeaks an ignorance of what the reality of that much bigger than the one separating the best and worst cer- education looks like. Our hope is that these new rankings will tificate-granting schools, nearly all of which are open admis- shed light on that reality, while helping prospective students sions. Instead, it’s the other way around. find the best colleges, and avoid the worst. What this tells you is that the performance of the schools at the bottom of the certificates rankings is not just Paul Glastris is editor in chief of the Washington Monthly.

Washington Monthly 21 BEST & WORST VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS *Public institution °For-profit institution

BEST AUTO MECHANICS Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annualWORST earnings AUTO MECHANICS Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annual earnings 1 Dunwoody College of Technology (MN) ASS P 7.74 2954 23080 38145 10 Trinidad State Junior College (CO)* PASS 0.24 37 289 14980

2 Ridgewater College (MN)* PASS 4.16 1519 11868 36460 9 Grand Rapids Community College (MI)* ASS P 3.67 614 4797 14873

3 Riverland Community College (MN)* PASS 4.68 1657 12946 34697 8 Trumbull Career & Tech. Ctr.–Adult Train. Ctr. (OH)* ASSP 7.7 1229 9602 13458

4 Minnesota St. Comm. & Tech. Coll.–Perham (MN)* ASSP 3.88 1446 11298 34427 7 Tenn. Coll. of Applied Tech.–McMinnville (TN)* ASSP 0 0 0 12848

5 Northeast Wisconsin Technical College (WI)* ASS P 2.21 761 5946 34314 6 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–Memphis (TN)* ASSP 0 0 0 11972

6 Universal Technical Institute–Houston (TX)° PASS 6.64 2337 18259 33658 5 Emily Griffith Technical College (CO)* PASS 0 0 0 11447

7 St. Cloud Technical & Community College (MN)* ASSP 3.29 1150 8985 33521 4 Pickaway Ross County Joint Voc. Sch. Dist. (OH)* ASSP 5.45 759 5930 11129

8 Century College (MN)* PASS 1.62 569 4446 33401 3 Victor Valley Community College (CA)* PASS 0.78 120 938 9143

9 Rosedale Technical College (PA) PASS 3.52 1161 9071 32963 2 Texas State Technical College (TX)* PASS 0.73 132 1031 8526

10 Sinclair Community College (OH)* PASS 3.28 1081 8446 32901 1 Tidewater Tech (VA)° FAIL 19.22 2036 15907 5858

BEST DENTAL ASSISTANT WORST DENTAL ASSISTANT 1 North Dakota State College of Science (ND)* ASSP 2.12 805 6289 37834 10 Compu-Med Vocational Careers (FL)° PASS 0 0 0 13835

2 Santa Fe College (FL)* PASS 1.4 483 3774 34345 9 Florida National University–Hialeah (FL)° PASS 5.06 776 6063 13761

3 Monroe Community College (NY)* PASS 1.42 479 3742 33657 8 Unitech Training Academy–Lafayette (LA)° PASS 2.94 398 3110 13497

4 Dakota County Technical College (MN)* ASS P 2.92 952 7438 32537 7 PCI College (CA)° PASS 5.2 738 5766 13138

5 Camden County College–Blackwood (NJ)* ASS P 1.75 566 4422 32197 6 Harris School of Business (NJ)° PASS 1.72 221 1727 12057

6 Des Moines Area Community College (IA)* ASS P 2.37 759 5930 32019 5 National Polytechnic College–Commerce (CA)° ZONE 8.38 1159 9055 11744

7 NHTI–Concord’s Community College (NH)* ASS P 3.36 1066 8329 31445 4 Bridgerland Technical College–Logan (UT)* PASS 0 0 0 11262

8 Century College (MN)* PASS 3.09 981 7665 30930 3 Summit College–Colton (CA)° PASS 8.78 1311 10243 10210

9 Guilford Tech. Comm. College–Jamestown (NC)* ASSP 0.23 73 570 30880 2 Washington County Adult Skill Center (VA)* PASS 0 0 0 9712

10 Trident Technical College (SC)* PASS 3.47 1058 8266 30478 1 UEI College–Fresno (CA)° ZONE 11.25 1322 10329 9146

BEST COSMETOLOGY WORST COSMETOLOGY 1 Josef’s School of Hair Design–Fargo (ND)° ASS P 7.12 1884 14720 26432 10 Louisiana Academy of Beauty (LA)° PASS 5.87 497 3883 4829

2 Gary Manuel Aveda Institute (WA)° ZONE 9.31 2257 17634 24221 9 Pat Goins Beauty School–Ruston (LA)° ZONE 8.8 766 5985 4571

3 JZ Trend Acad.–Paul Mitchell Partner School (ND)° ASSP 7.5 1812 14157 24133 8 Evans Hairstyling College–Cedar City (UT)° ASS P 0 0 0 4438

4 Salon Professional Academy (ND)° PASS 7.78 1821 14227 23400 7 Jacksonville Beauty Institute (FL)° FAIL 14.43 1311 10243 4315

5 Aveda Institute (MN)° PASS 5.61 1311 10243 22900 6 Institute of Hair Design (TN)°~ FAIL 16.5 1231 9618 3866

6 Aveda Institute Denver (CO)° ZONE 11.3 2582 20173 22841 5 Clarendon College (TX)* ZONE 9.91 789 6164 3806

7 Josef’s School of Hair Design–Grand Forks (ND)° ASSP 7.02 1519 11868 21612 4 Professional Cosmetology Education Ctr. (AR)° AIL F 16.05 1352 10563 3767

8 Graham Webb International Acad. of Hair (VA)° ASSP 7.61 1726 13485 21020 3 Pryor Beauty College (OK)° PASS 0 0 0 3676

9 Advanced Institute of Hair Design (WI)° ASS P 6.24 1311 10243 20988 2 Wharton County Junior College (TX)* PASS 5.61 579 4524 2698

10 International Institute of Cosmetology (CT)° ASS P 6.91 1440 11251 20587 1 Taylor Technical Institute (FL)* PASS 0 0 0 2223

BEST HVAC WORST HVAC 1 Perry Technical Institute (WA) PASS 6.77 3230 25236 47685 10 Lincoln Technical Institute (NJ)° FAIL 14.7 2761 21572 15625

2 St. Cloud Technical & Community College (MN)* ASSP 1.66 734 5735 44095 9 Brightwood College–Dayton (OH)° PASS 9.86 1763 13774 15534

3 Hennepin Technical College (MN)* PASS 1.64 690 5391 42050 8 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–Jackson (TN)* PASS 0 0 0 14568

4 Western Technical College (WI)* PASS 1.84 759 5930 41175 7 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–McKenzie (TN)* PASS 0 0 0 14359

5 Chippewa Valley Technical College (WI)* ASS P 1.77 707 5524 39868 6 All-State Career School–Lester (PA)° PASS 7.8 1581 12352 13894

6 Greenville Technical College (SC)* PASS 2.32 923 7211 39755 5 Withlacoochee Technical College (FL)* PASS 0 0 0 12762

7 Midlands Technical College (SC)* PASS 0 0 0 39661 4 Florida State College at Jacksonville (FL)* PASS 1.41 241 1883 12724

8 South Central College (MN)* PASS 1.3 528 4125 38994 3 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–Memphis (TN)* PASS 0 0 0 11802

9 ITI Technical College (LA)° PASS 3.56 1481 11571 38697 2 Fortis College–Foley (AL)° ZONE 10.28 1749 13665 11800

10 Western Iowa Tech Community College (IA)* ASS P 1.97 759 5930 38468 1 Charles A. Jones Skills & Bus. Educ. Ctr. (CA)* ASSP 0 0 0 11333

22 September/October 2018 ~ Since this data was collected, these schools have closed. BEST & WORST VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS

BEST MASSAGE THERAPY Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annualWORST earnings MASSAGE THERAPY Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annual earnings 1 Parker University (TX) PASS 4.56 1255 9805 27519 10 Lakewood School of Therapeutic Massage (MI)° ZONE 9.62 934 7297 9017

2 Northwestern Health Sciences University (MN) ASSP 3.54 941 7352 26478 9 Charles of Italy Beauty Coll.–Lake Havasu City (AZ)° ZONE 8.11 1020 7969 8576

3 Columbus State Community College (OH)* ASS P 3.02 744 5813 24571 8 Advance Beauty College–Garden Grove (CA)° PASS 0 0 0 8568

4 Nashua Community College (NH)* PASS 5.22 1473 11509 23948 7 Marinello School of Beauty–Hemet (CA)° PASS 8.18 868 6782 8535

5 Capri College–Cedar Rapids (IA)° PASS 3.74 895 6993 23896 6 Bene’s Career Academy–New Port Richey (FL)° PASS 7.3 874 6829 7924

6 Gentle Healing School of Massage (NJ)°~ ASS P 4.75 1325 10352 22855 5 Clarksburg Beauty Acad. of Massage Therapy (WV)° PASS 6.87 870 6797 7520

7 Lincoln College (IL) PASS 2.85 630 4922 22091 4 David’s Academy of Beauty (CA)° PASS 0 0 0 7443

8 Alaska Career College (AK)° PASS 4.29 1012 7907 21549 3 National Polytechnic College (CA)° ZONE 10.95 1153 9008 7184

9 Soma Institute (IL)° PASS 6.89 1656 12938 21548 2 University of Antelope Valley (CA)° ZONE 11.78 969 7571 6779

10 Capri College–Dubuque (IA)° PASS 2.89 621 4852 21450 1 Intercoast Colleges–Orange (CA)° FAIL 13.48 1311 10243 2707

BEST MEDICAL CLINICAL ASST. WORST MEDICAL CLINICAL ASST. 1 Renton Technical College (WA)* PASS 0 0 0 30837 10 MTI Business College (CA)° ZONE 8.95 1311 10243 10454

2 Central Oregon Community College (OR)* ASS P 2.3 693 5414 30068 9 UEI College–Fresno (CA)° ZONE 11.15 1336 10438 10234

3 Medical Professional Institute (MA)°~ PASS 2.36 704 5500 29753 8 Advance Science Institute (FL)° PASS 11.63 1311 10243 10232

4 Dakota County Technical College (MN)* ASS P 2.82 839 6555 29697 7 Los Angeles Ort Technical Institute (CA) PASS 6.67 813 6352 9774

5 Wenatchee Valley College (WA)* PASS 1.91 554 4328 29000 6 New Professions Technical Institute (FL)° PASS 7.37 879 6868 9725

6 Century College (MN)* PASS 3.95 1144 8938 28931 5 Associated Technical College–Los Angeles (CA)° ZONE 8.46 968 7563 9556

7 Portland Community College (OR)* PASS 2.23 637 4977 28449 4 Westech College (CA)°~ FAIL 12.84 1311 10243 9512

8 Massasoit Community College–Brockton (MA)* ASSP 0 0 0 28415 3 Brightwood Career Institute–Pittsburgh (PA)° ZONE 10.62 1308 10219 8895

9 Lane Community College (OR)* PASS 5.53 1569 12259 28342 2 San Diego College (CA)° ZONE 10.17 1058 8266 8595

10 Northcentral Technical College (WI)* PASS 1.96 543 4242 27700 1 Orange Technical College–Westside (FL)* ASS P 0 0 0 7527

BEST MEDICAL INSURANCE CODER WORST MEDICAL INSURANCE CODER 1 Columbus State Community College (OH)* ASS P 2.09 740 5782 35250 10 Everest College–Colorado Springs (CO)~ ZONE 10.01 1526 11923 14824

2 Renton Technical College (WA)* PASS 0 0 0 31711 9 Pinnacle Career Institute (MO)° PASS 6.28 1036 8094 14786

3 Anoka Technical College (MN)* PASS 2.7 948 7407 30806 8 Harris School of Business (NJ)° PASS 6.21 1038 8110 14546

4 Saint Paul College (MN)* PASS 0.55 159 1242 28820 7 Centura Institute (FL)° ZONE 8.53 1316 10282 14480

5 Northland Comm. & Tech. Coll.–Thief Riv. Falls (MN)* ASS P 2.16 624 4875 28782 6 International Business College (TX)° PASS 5.36 867 6774 14333

6 Alexandria Technical & Community College (MN)* ASSP 3.1 885 6915 28492 5 Everest Institute (PA)~ ZONE 8.27 1311 10243 13694

7 Everest College–Thornton (CO)~ PASS 5.16 1466 11454 28371 4 Star Career Academy (NY)°~ ZONE 8.84 1311 10243 12430

8 Southwest Wisconsin Technical College (WI)* ASS P 0 0 0 28198 3 Institute of Technology–Clovis (CA)° ZONE 8.55 1311 10243 12260

9 Minnesota West Comm. & Tech. College (MN)* ASS P 2.23 622 4860 27864 2 UEI College–Fresno (CA)° ZONE 10.18 1341 10477 12150

10 Baker College–Flint (MI) PASS 4.58 1271 9930 27745 1 Bryan University–Springfield (MO)° FAIL 12.57 1756 13720 9796

BEST MEDICAL OFFICE ASST. WORST MEDICAL OFFICE ASST. 1 Front Range Community College (CO)* ASS P 1.69 484 3781 28560 10 South Texas Vocational Tech. Inst.–Weslaco (TX)° ZONE 9.84 1311 10243 12836

2 Minneapolis Comm. & Technical College (MN)* ASSP 1.94 555 4336 28501 9 Platt College–Tulsa (OK)° ZONE 9.21 1311 10243 12738

3 Northland Community & Technical College (MN)* ASS P 1.61 450 3516 27789 8 Center for Employment Training–San Jose (CA) PASS 3.36 507 3961 12406

4 Concorde Career College (CO)° PASS 4.71 1272 9938 26965 7 Manhattan School of Computer Technology (NY) PASS 0 0 0 12358

5 Salter College–West Boylston (MA)° PASS 4.75 1275 9962 26799 6 MTI Business College (CA)° PASS 4.83 763 5961 12105

6 Blake Austin College (CA)° PASS 5.06 1311 10243 25873 5 Institute of Technology–Clovis (CA)° ZONE 9.58 1290 10079 12009

7 Concorde Career Institute–Tampa (FL)° PASS 4.72 1207 9430 25538 4 American National University–Indianapolis (IN)° PASS 10.05 1311 10243 11934

8 Concorde Career Institute–Miramar (FL)° ASS P 4.98 1234 9641 24770 3 Indian Capital Tech. Ctr., School Dist. No. 4 (OK)* PASS 0 0 0 11217

9 Concorde Career College (OR)° PASS 4.82 1179 9212 24451 2 Detroit Business Institute–Downriver (MI)° PASS 1.81 246 1922 10333

10 Francis Tuttle Tech. Ctr., School Dist. No. 21 (OK)* ASSP 1.01 244 1906 24092 1 Vatterott College (IA)° FAIL 28.11 2754 21517 7276

24 September/October 2018 ~ Since this data was collected, these schools have closed. BEST & WORST VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS

BEST NURSING Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annualWORST earnings NURSING Gainful employmentAnnual debt outcomeAnnual payments debt asEstimated payments % of earnings totalMedian debt annual earnings 1 Chemeketa Community College (OR)* ASS P 0.75 508 3969 67571 10 Career Care Institute–Lancaster (CA)° ZONE 8.52 2301 17978 25056

2 Saddleback College (CA)* PASS 1.13 672 5250 59164 9 Belmont College (OH)* PASS 3.23 809 6321 25019

3 Scottsdale Community College (AZ)* PASS 0.58 346 2703 58445 8 S. Central Louisiana Tech. Coll.–Morgan City (LA)* PASS 0 0 0 24852

4 Mesa Community College (AZ)* PASS 0.55 320 2500 57742 7 Uintah Basin Applied Tech. Coll.–Roosevelt (UT)* PASS 0 0 0 24822

5 College of the Siskiyous–Weed (CA)* PASS 1.59 906 7079 56677 6 Lurleen B. Wallace Community College (AL)* PASS 0 0 0 24224

6 South Puget Sound Community College (WA)* ASSP 0.47 264 2063 55493 5 Mountain Empire Community College (VA)* PASS 0 0 0 22703

7 Kauai Community College (HI)* PASS 0.77 426 3328 55271 4 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–Livingston (TN)* PASS 0 0 0 22703

8 MassBay Community College (MA)* PASS 1.41 774 6047 54708 3 Waynesville Career Center (MO)* PASS 11.97 2495 19493 20835

9 Glendale Community College (AZ)* PASS 0.54 293 2289 53746 2 Palladium Technical Academy (CA)° ZONE 10.79 2178 17017 19247

10 Trident Technical College (SC)* PASS 1.34 714 5578 52823 1 Danville Community College (VA)* PASS 0 0 0 12611

BEST PHARMACY TECH. WORST PHARMACY TECH. 1 Clark College (WA)* PASS 0 0 0 32517 10 Fortis Institute (TN)° PASS 6.6 996 7782 14475

2 Southeast Community College–Lincoln (NE)* ASS P 2.12 662 5172 31096 9 International Business College (TX)° PASS 5.03 791 6180 14447

3 Chemeketa Community College (OR)* PASS 2.24 669 5227 29846 8 Chester Career College (VA)° PASS 2.83 458 3578 14312

4 Unitek College–Fremont (CA)° PASS 2.69 770 6016 28535 7 Brightwood College (OH)° PASS 9.23 1311 10243 14196

5 Arizona College–Glendale (AZ)° PASS 4.72 1311 10243 27736 6 Baker College–Flint (MI) ZONE 8.2 1195 9337 14036

6 Midlands Technical College–West Columbia (SC)* ASSP 0 0 0 26967 5 Mattia College (FL)°~ PASS 4.96 735 5743 13910

7 Linn-Benton Community College (OR)*ASS P 1.65 441 3446 26712 4 Florida Education Institute (FL)° ZONE 8.89 1311 10243 13863

8 Edmonds Community College (WA)* PASS 0 0 0 26535 3 Vatterott College–Berkeley (MO)° FAIL 18.27 2761 21572 13552

9 Austin Community College (TX)* PASS 0 0 0 25857 2 American College of Healthcare–Riverside (CA)° PASS 7.13 1126 8797 12374

10 Career College of Northern Nevada (NV)° ASS P 5.14 1319 10305 25626 1 Intercoast Colleges–Orange (CA)° ZONE 8.21 1311 10243 10038

BEST SKIN CARE WORST SKIN CARE 1 DuVall’s School of Cosmetology (TX)° ASS P 4.27 1076 8407 25171 10 Royale College of Beauty (CA)° PASS 3.97 579 4524 8410

2 Hair Professionals Career College (IL)° PASS 4.73 1093 8540 23079 9 Empire Beauty School–Moosic (PA)° PASS 7.21 1017 7946 8315

3 Paul Mitchell (The School)–Provo (UT)° PASS 3.72 857 6696 23003 8 Michigan College of Beauty–Monroe (MI)° PASS 4.16 506 3953 8309

4 Saint Paul College–A Comm. & Tech. Coll. (MN)* ASSP 2.84 655 5118 22634 7 Coastline Beauty College (CA)° PASS 0 0 0 8280

5 Capri College (IA)° PASS 3.45 759 5930 21999 6 Asian-American International Beauty Coll. (CA)° PASS 0 0 0 8162

6 South Hills Beauty Academy (PA)° PASS 2.02 473 3696 21738 5 International School of Beauty (CA)° PASS 4.73 609 4758 7997

7 La’ James International College–Des Moines (IA)° ASSP 3.17 692 5407 21608 4 Salon Success Academy (CA)° PASS 6.07 648 5063 7972

8 Capri Institute of Hair Design (NJ)° PASS 2.72 662 5172 21552 3 Francis Tuttle Tech. Ctr., School Dist. No. 21 (OK)* PASS 1.18 144 1125 7662

9 Josef’s School of Hair Design–Grand Forks (ND)° ASSP 3.27 717 5602 21014 2 Nouvelle Institute (FL)° PASS 0 0 0 7352

10 San Fran. Inst. of Esthetics & Cosmetology (CA)° ASSP 3.51 874 6829 20991 1 Palace Beauty College (CA)° PASS 4.68 391 3055 5452

BEST WELDING WORST WELDING 1 Northern Wyoming Comm. College Dist. (WY)* ASS P 0.84 446 3485 52225 10 Tennessee Coll. of Applied Tech.–Harriman (TN)* PASS 0 0 0 15794

2 Riverland Community College (MN)* PASS 0.9 461 3602 50845 9 Green River College (WA)* PASS 0.89 204 1594 15538

3 Ashland Community & Technical College (KY)* ASSP 1.05 517 4039 49036 8 All-State Career (MD)° ZONE 9.01 1764 13782 15076

4 Wharton County Junior College (TX)* PASS 1.09 506 3953 46162 7 Tidewater Tech (VA)° PASS 7.26 1311 10243 14134

5 Anoka Technical College–Anoka (MN)* PASS 0.88 468 3656 45806 6 Los Angeles Trade Technical College (CA)* PASS 0 0 0 13908

6 Northland Comm. & Tech. Coll.–Thief Riv. Falls (MN)* ASS P 1.04 483 3774 44668 5 L. E. Fletcher Technical Community College (LA)* PASS 0 0 0 13839

7 Texas State Technical College Harlingen (TX)* ASS P 0.58 280 2188 44358 4 J. F. Drake State Comm. & Tech. College (AL)* PASS 0 0 0 13286

8 Western Technical College (WI)* PASS 1.69 738 5766 43546 3 Washington County Adult Skill Center (VA)* PASS 0 0 0 12042

9 AVTEC–Alaska’s Institute of Technology (AK)* ASS P 1.15 528 4125 43528 2 City Colleges of Chicago–Kennedy-King Coll. (IL)* PASS 0.83 127 992 11321

10 St. Cloud Technical & Community College (MN)* ASSP 1.78 759 5930 42514 1 Peninsula College (WA)* PASS 0 0 0 8739

26 September/October 2018 ~ Since this data was collected, these schools have closed. AMERICA’S BEST COLLEGES FOR STUDENT VOTING Our first-of-its-kind list of the schools doing the most to turn students into citizens.

By Saahil Desai

hen Benjamin Franklin founded the Academy ing that universities distribute voter registration forms and College of Philadelphia—later renamed the to all students. W University of Pennsylvania—his aim was not Despite these lofty intentions, however, Washing- just to provide promising students with useful educa- ton has never put much muscle behind its demand that tions. It was also, in the words of the school’s charter, the American higher education system live up to its civ- to impress upon the “tender minds” of its students “the ic duties—and, not surprisingly, the system mostly has several dutys they owe to the Society in which they live” not. Only 17 percent of colleges and universities have and to “render them serviceable in the several Publick complied with the voting registration requirements of Stations to which they may be called.” the 1998 law—at least as of 2004, the last time anyone Similar language about civic responsibility is em- bothered to check. A current House bill would elimi- bedded in the founding documents of Princeton, Brown, nate those requirements altogether. Meanwhile, sever- and hundreds of other colleges that were created across al GOP-controlled states over the last decade—most re- America during and after the time of the Revolution. It cently New Hampshire this summer—have passed laws can also be found in the establishing papers of the great making it harder for college students to cast ballots. (Un- land-grant universities created in the wake of the Civil der a Texas law passed in 2013, student IDs can’t be used War. That includes the Ohio Agricultural and Mechan- for voting purposes—but gun permits can.) The predict- ical College—today’s Ohio State University—whose able result of this indifference, indeed hostility, to stu- trustees wrote in 1873 that the new school’s mission was dent voting is that fewer students vote. The 2014 mid- to educate students not only as “farmers or mechanics, terms saw the lowest rate of turnout among eighteen- to but as men, fitted by education and attainments for the twenty-nine-year-olds ever recorded. greater usefulness and higher duties of citizenship.” The press shares some responsibility. None of the The federal government endorsed that civic ide- major publications that rank colleges and universities al in 1946, when a commission formed by President use any kind of civic engagement data in their metrics— Harry Truman recommended that civics be embedded with one exception. Since 2005, the Washington Monthly throughout all college curricula and concluded that rankings have factored in the degree to which colleges “[w]ithout an educated citizenry alert to preserve and and universities encourage their students to give back extend freedom, it would not long endure.” In 1971, ea- to their country and communities, such as by providing ger to give protesting college students a bigger stake in matching funds for AmeriCorps or offering community the political system, Congress and the states ratified service opportunities to work-study students. the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which lowered the voter Perhaps the ultimate test of whether institutions age from twenty-one to eighteen. And in 1998, Congress are living up to their civic mission would be the voting reaffirmed colleges’ civic mission yet again by mandat- rates of their students. Unfortunately, those numbers

28 September/October 2018 aren’t publicly available. But this year, for the first time, we’ve included the next best thing in our main college THE 58 BEST COLLEGES rankings, which begin on page 74: four measures of a college’s commitment to encouraging voting by its stu- FOR STUDENT VOTING · Arizona State University (AZ)* dents. An institution receives one point in the “service” · Baylor University (TX) portion of our rankings if it has signed up for or partici- · Bowling Green State University–Main (OH)* pated in Tufts University’s National Study of Learning, · Brown University (RI) Voting, and Engagement (NSLVE). This program helps · Cleveland State University (OH)* colleges calculate their precise student voting and regis- · Colorado State University–Fort Collins (CO)* tration rates by combining national voting records with · East Carolina University (NC)* enrollment data. A college receives a second point if it · East Tennessee State University (TN)* · Edgewood College (WI) has signed up for the ALL IN Campus Democracy Chal- · George Mason University (VA)* lenge, an effort that uses NSLVE data to help colleges · George Washington University (DC) create plans to boost their students’ voting rates and · Harvard University (MA) civic participation. An ALL IN school gets another point · Indiana University/Purdue University–Indianapolis (IN)* for releasing its NSLVE data publicly, and a fourth point · Indiana University–Bloomington (IN)* for making its ALL IN action plan public. · Kennesaw State University (GA)* Out of the 1,488 schools included in our main rank- · Miami University–Oxford (OH)* · Michigan State University (MI)* ings, only fifty-eight received the top score of four. Those · Michigan Technological University (MI)* schools are listed on the right. It’s a motley group of · Montclair State University (NJ)* institutions—ranging from Ivies like Harvard and Brown · North Carolina State University–Raleigh (NC)* to lesser-known publics like Kennesaw State University · Northwestern University (IL) and North Carolina State University–Raleigh. Still, there · Oakland University (MI)* is a pattern. More than three-quarters of the fifty-eight · Ohio State University–Main (OH)* top schools are public universities, even though private · Penn State–Main (PA)* · Purdue University–Main (IN)* nonprofit schools make up the bulk of the rankings over- · Rutgers University–New Brunswick (NJ)* all. That’s a clear sign that these colleges are more in · Saint Louis University–Main (MO) tune with their democratic missions. · Stony Brook University (NY)* Equally telling are the colleges and universities · Suffolk University (MA) that didn’t come close to making the list. Yale, MIT, and · SUNY at Albany (NY)* Caltech—schools that sit atop the U.S. News & World Re- · SUNY–Binghamton (NY)* port rankings—earned the lowest possible score (zero) · Tennessee State University (TN)* · Tufts University (MA) on our civic engagement metrics. Other prestige in- · University of North Carolina–Charlotte (NC)* stitutions scored a lowly one point, including Stan- · University of South Carolina–Columbia (SC)* ford, Princeton, Georgetown, Columbia, UC Berkeley, · University of California–Davis (CA)* and (don’t tell Ben Franklin) the University of Penn- · University of Central Florida (FL)* sylvania. NSLVE and the ALL IN Democracy Challenge · University of Colorado–Boulder (CO)* reached out to all of these schools. Perhaps they had · University of Delaware (DE)* other priorities. · University of Florida (FL)* · University of Illinois at Chicago (IL)* It doesn’t take much for a university to have a pro- · University of Louisville (KY)* found effect on the civic engagement of its students. · University of Maine (ME)* Northwestern University, one of the colleges that earned · University of Maryland–College Park (MD)* the top score, incorporated voter registration efforts · University of Michigan–Ann Arbor (MI)* into freshman “move-in day” and increased voter regis- · University of Minnesota–Twin Cities (MN)* tration rates to 96.4 percent, a full 57-point spike in just · University of Missouri–St. Louis (MO)* one day. Since voting habits tend to crystallize in young · University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill (NC)* · University of North Carolina–Greensboro (NC)* adulthood—vote in one election, and you’re far more · University of Nebraska–Lincoln (NE)* likely to do so again—colleges and universities have an · University of Nevada–Reno (NV)* unparalleled opportunity to create voters not just for · University of San Diego (CA) the next election, but for life. The colleges that invest · University of San Francisco (CA) in student voting aren’t just helping their Washington · University of Texas–Arlington (TX)* Monthly rankings—they’re helping the country. · University of Texas–Austin (TX)* · University of Wisconsin–Madison (WI)* · Virginia Commonwealth University (VA)* Saahil Desai is an assistant editor at the Atlantic. He was previ- · Washington University in St. Louis (MO) ously digital editor at the Washington Monthly. *Public institution Washington Monthly 29 AMERICA’S BEST COLLEGES FOR ADULT LEARNERS Nearly half of all college students are twenty-five or older. Yet no publication ranks the top schools for them—except us.

By Gilad Edelman

ollege students invite stereotyping. According to Hol- what you find inU.S. News & World Report and other maga- lywood, they spend most of their time at raucous frat zines. Elite private colleges are hard to find, and only a few C parties. In the mind of conservative media, they’re selective state schools—notably the Universities of Utah and entitled snowflakes who demand safe spaces and cultural Iowa, and Virginia’s George Mason University—make our Marxism. Judging by the attention paid by mainstream or top 100 four-year school list. liberal journalists, meanwhile, you might think that most Our rankings are instead dominated by little-known re- college students attend Harvard, Yale, or Stanford. gional public and private nonprofit institutions. Golden Gate What all these clichés about college kids have in com- University, where 89 percent of students are adults, retains mon is that they’re about, well, kids. Yet the truth is that a its perch atop the four-year college list. For-profit schools full 30 percent of undergraduates are adults, defined by the fare poorly, despite the fact that they enroll large numbers government as twenty-five years old and older. These adult of adults. The problem is that they tend to charge too much learners are too often ignored by university leaders and without delivering the increased future salaries that most policymakers, whose own college experience was typically adult students are looking for. the traditional full-time, straight-out-of-high-school kind. This year, for the first time, we had access to federal data That’s why, in 2016, the Washington Monthly became the on graduation rates for part-time students—which includes first publication to rank colleges according to how well they the vast majority of adult learners—as well as full-time ones. cater to adult learners. We took data from two federal gov- The addition of that data point explains why two Ivy League ernment sources, as well as the College Board’s Annual Sur- schools—Cornell and the University of Pennsylvania—made vey of Colleges, and combined them into seven measures of the top twenty despite not even cracking the top hundred last colleges’ openness and responsiveness to adult students and year. The grad rates for part-timers at those schools—100 of how well those students fare once they leave. Our rank- percent at Cornell, 90 percent at Penn—blow every other in- ings for four-year schools can be found on page 32, for two- stitution on our list out of the water. So do the mean earn- year schools on page 36; a detailed methodology is available ings for students ten years after enrollment. on page 40. In other words, these schools are a great deal for adults Adult students tend to attend college part time, since who get in. The problem is that very few do. At Cornell, stu- they have to balance school with earning a living and, often, dents twenty-five and older make up only 1 percent of the raising a family. That means they have different needs: flex- student body; Penn fares just a little better, with 8 percent. ible course schedules with plenty of weekend and evening of- Just imagine how much better the adult learner population ferings; adult-focused support like on-campus daycare; and would be served if elite institutions like these opened their the ability to easily transfer or apply previous course work. doors to more of them. When you take these needs into account, the ranking of which schools are “best” starts to look very different from Gilad Edelman is editor of the Washington Monthly.

Washington Monthly 31 BEST 4-YEAR COLLEGES FOR ADULT LEARNERS *Public institution °For-profit institution

Mean earnings of independentLoan repayment rate of independentPercent of credentials awarded Ease of transferFlexibility (5 pts max) of programsServices for (9 adult pts% max)students students over Graduation(6 pts age max) 25 rate of part-timestudents 10 students years afterstudents college 5 years entryIn-district after leaving tuition college andas bachelor’s fees degrees

1 Golden Gate Univ.–San Francisco (CA) 5 8 5 89% 39% 76855 66% 15120 94%

2 University of Utah (UT)* 4 8 6 27% 66% 66381 77% 8518 100%

3 University of Iowa (IA)* 5 7 6 8% 66% 76785 62% 8575 100%

4 Bethel University (TN) 5 9 5 58% 75% 45451 41% 10505 94%

5 Bellevue University (NE) 5 8 2 80% 64% 61268 64% 7365 100%

6 George Mason University (VA)* 4 8 6 21% 58% 66522 75% 11300 100%

7 Concordia Univ.–Saint Paul (MN) 5 9 6 42% 29% 62713 69% 21250 89%

8 Granite State College (NH)* 4 9 5 79% 55% 35850 60% 7425 75%

9 Curry College (MA) 5 9 6 27% 71% 62887 67% 37505 100%

10 Fort Hays State University (KS)* 5 7 6 31% 80% 39381 59% 4884 97%

11 Union Institute & University (OH) 3 8 4 95% 73% 50656 62% 12416 100%

12 Bethel University (MN) 5 8 6 16% 73% 67015 74% 35160 98%

13 Cornell University (NY) 3 7 5 1% 100% 140548 77% 50953 100%

14 Southern NH University (NH) 5 9 5 74% 55% 46701 59% 31136 83%

15 CA State Univ.–Dominguez Hills (CA)* 5 9 5 38% 53% 49560 55% 6423 100%

16 University of Baltimore (MD)* 5 9 4 50% 50% 61984 49% 8596 100%

17 University of Pennsylvania (PA) 2 8 6 6% 90% 127637 72% 51464 100%

18 Jacksonville University (FL) 5 9 6 40% 52% 63045 58% 33930 100%

19 University of MA–Amherst (MA)* 5 9 6 8% 64% 51432 65% 14971 95%

20 University of Oklahoma–Norman (OK)* 5 8 6 11% 38% 66835 66% 8631 100%

21 Indiana Wesleyan University (IN) 5 7 5 65% 57% 58845 59% 25346 99%

22 City University of Seattle (WA) 4 8 5 79% 46% 51800 60% 16748 95%

23 University of Minnesota–Twin Cities (MN)* 4 9 6 10% 62% 63030 67% 14142 97%

24 Indiana University–Bloomington (IN)* 5 8 6 2% 76% 53362 59% 10388 98%

25 Georgia Institute of Technology–Main (GA)* 3 8 5 4% 74% 83981 80% 12212 100%

26 Weber State University (UT)* 4 9 6 29% 35% 51777 73% 5523 52%

27 University of WA Bothell (WA)* 4 7 4 22% 78% 73810 76% 10690 100%

28 CA State University–East Bay (CA)* 5 6 6 33% 50% 56190 64% 6564 100%

29 University of Wyoming (WY)* 4 8 6 21% 53% 52317 72% 4311 100%

30 Univ. of MD Eastern Shore (MD)* 4 7 6 75% 67% 42363 34% 7804 100%

31 University of Missouri–Kansas City (MO)* 5 9 6 19% 42% 53830 55% 9563 100%

32 Viterbo University (WI) 5 9 5 26% 70% 52113 65% 26150 96%

33 University of Texas–Austin (TX)* 4 7 6 4% 64% 69581 72% 10092 81%

34 Southern IL University–Carbondale (IL)* 5 9 6 19% 47% 54912 53% 13073 97%

35 Michigan State University (MI)* 4 8 6 3% 56% 77482 65% 14880 99%

36 Grand Canyon University (AZ) 5 8 6 61% 30% 63555 33% 16975 100%

37 Regis University (CO) 5 9 5 52% 45% 60503 63% 34450 93%

38 King University (TN) 4 8 4 53% 82% 60206 66% 27276 97%

39 Post University (CT)° 5 8 5 75% 38% 49375 43% 15258 77%

40 Keene State College (NH)* 5 8 6 5% 80% 42185 63% 13613 100%

41 University of New Mexico–Main (NM)* 5 8 6 24% 58% 42787 55% 8050 100%

42 Notre Dame of MD University (MD) 4 9 6 50% 61% 56873 56% 35019 100%

43 Stony Brook University (NY)* 5 6 6 8% 59% 64974 63% 8999 100%

44 University of Michigan–Ann Arbor (MI)* 3 8 6 2% 79% 74484 66% 15310 100%

45 CA State University–Long Beach (CA)* 4 6 6 18% 74% 53059 71% 6460 100%

46 Montana State Univ.–Billings (MT)* 5 9 6 41% 29% 36492 55% 5826 65%

47 Eastern Washington University (WA)* 5 7 6 21% 52% 46318 66% 6951 96%

48 Washington State University (WA)* 4 8 6 16% 58% 53264 69% 11041 96%

49 Westfield State University (MA)* 5 8 5 12% 72% 44362 67% 9275 100%

50 MidAmerica Nazarene University (KS) 4 9 5 31% 73% 58197 66% 28150 95% 32 September/October 2018

BEST 4-YEAR COLLEGES FOR ADULT LEARNERS

51 Florida Atlantic University (FL)* 4 8 6 27% 58% 48548 55% 4831 95%

52 Oklahoma Wesleyan University (OK) 5 9 4 51% 41% 59089 65% 25070 86%

53 Univ. of Minnesota–Duluth (MN)* 3 9 6 5% 48% 82395 63% 13139 98%

54 College of Saint Elizabeth (NJ) 5 9 4 41% 68% 55068 66% 32282 100%

55 Northeastern Illinois University (IL)* 5 6 6 45% 49% 41907 62% 9212 100%

56 Virginia Commonwealth University (VA)* 5 7 6 14% 60% 55952 56% 13130 100%

57 Penn State–Main (PA)* 5 9 6 2% 58% 52441 58% 17900 98%

58 University at Buffalo (NY)* 5 6 6 8% 51% 70230 58% 9574 99%

59 University of Northern Iowa (IA)* 5 8 6 9% 59% 44834 58% 8303 100%

60 University of Redlands (CA) 5 8 5 23% 81% 66974 68% 46570 87%

61 College of Saint Scholastica (MN) 5 8 5 31% 72% 54194 68% 35326 100%

62 Park University (MO) 4 9 5 76% 9% 51106 60% 12130 80%

63 Colorado State Univ.–Fort Collins (CO)* 5 8 6 7% 46% 51033 66% 11052 100%

64 SUNY–Binghamton (NY)* 4 8 6 3% 72% 52815 62% 9271 100%

65 Misericordia University (PA) 5 9 5 22% 69% 53688 62% 30740 96%

66 University of Alabama (AL)* 5 9 6 8% 51% 48823 51% 10470 100%

67 Western Illinois University (IL)* 5 8 6 15% 55% 43631 61% 12382 100%

68 Metropolitan State University (MN)* 4 8 3 71% 57% 49013 62% 7566 100%

69 University of Kentucky (KY)* 5 8 6 7% 47% 51731 64% 11484 98%

70 George Fox University (OR) 5 8 5 13% 84% 56708 68% 33730 100%

71 Winona State University (MN)* 5 7 6 11% 55% 46425 67% 9075 96%

72 Columbia College (MO) 5 8 4 76% 31% 43231 50% 7887 54%

73 SUNY Empire State College (NY)* 4 9 3 82% 46% 45612 52% 6985 79%

74 University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (WI)* 5 8 6 22% 34% 48911 61% 9493 100%

75 Silver Lake Coll. of the Holy Family (WI) 5 9 4 52% 60% 44082 62% 26340 100%

76 Hawaii Pacific University (HI) 5 9 5 40% 28% 55715 65% 23440 87%

77 University of Southern Maine (ME)* 5 8 5 31% 40% 43864 67% 7796 97%

78 University of North Dakota (ND)* 5 7 6 17% 20% 64721 66% 8137 96%

79 University of Washington–Seattle (WA)* 3 7 5 9% 73% 73810 76% 10753 100%

80 Fresno Pacific University (CA) 5 9 5 49% 52% 45881 56% 29370 100%

81 Utah Valley University (UT)* 4 8 6 30% 28% 52789 66% 5530 58%

82 Adelphi University (NY) 5 8 6 14% 60% 63404 64% 35740 98%

83 Penn State–Harrisburg (PA)* 5 7 6 16% 57% 52441 58% 14828 98%

84 University of Virginia–Main (VA)* 3 7 5 5% 71% 82590 76% 15164 99%

85 SUNY Coll. of Envir. Science & Forestry (NY)* 5 5 5 7% 100% 45955 65% 8103 88%

86 Lewis University (IL) 5 9 5 21% 58% 56999 63% 30050 100%

87 Albertus Magnus College (CT) 4 8 5 55% 67% 62150 47% 30526 87%

88 CUNY Bernard M. Baruch College (NY)* 3 9 5 23% 54% 58871 68% 6810 100%

89 University of Wisconsin–Madison (WI)* 3 7 6 5% 63% 68952 76% 10488 100%

90 College of William and Mary (VA)* 3 7 6 1% 83% 66456 76% 18687 100%

91 University of Colorado–Denver (CO)* 4 6 5 23% 37% 84193 66% 9088 100%

92 Penn State–Shenango (PA)* 5 7 5 47% 38% 52441 58% 13296 50%

93 Eastern Michigan University (MI)* 5 9 6 23% 40% 42314 49% 11209 100%

94 Midway University (KY) 5 8 5 61% 44% 42323 54% 23350 80%

95 CA State University–Stanislaus (CA)* 5 5 6 21% 59% 47401 66% 6728 100%

96 CA State Univ.–Monterey Bay (CA)* 4 8 6 18% 40% 48304 71% 6379 100%

97 Southwestern College (KS) 4 7 5 55% 61% 57733 62% 27250 88%

98 Governors State University (IL)* 4 8 5 54% 56% 44313 49% 10516 100%

99 California State Univ.–Fullerton (CA)* 5 4 6 19% 63% 51445 70% 6560 100%

100 Mount St. Mary’s University (CA) 5 8 4 26% 70% 68739 69% 37722 75% 34 September/October 2018 BEST 2-YEAR COLLEGES FOR ADULT LEARNERS *Public institution °For-profit institution Mean earnings of independentLoan repayment rate of independentPercent of credentials awarded Ease of transferFlexibility (4 pts max) of programsServices for (9 adult pts% max)students students over Graduation(6 pts age max) 25 rate of part-timestudents 10 students years afterstudents college 5 years entryIn-district after leaving tuition college andas fees bachelor’s (at a 9- degreesmonth rate)

1 Penn State Fayette–Eberly (PA)* 4 9 6 18% 73% 52441 58% 13616 43%

2 Renton Technical College (WA)* 4 7 6 67% 68% 37893 43% 5004 0%

3 Lakeshore Technical College (WI)* 4 8 6 48% 63% 35153 61% 4125 0%

4 St Josephs Hosp. Health Ctr. Sch. of Nursing (NY) 3 4 5 44% 89% 59427 73% 19360 0%

5 Penn. State University–Mont Alto (PA)* 4 9 5 21% 52% 52441 58% 13678 40%

6 Fox Valley Technical College–Appleton (WI)* 4 8 6 42% 55% 34845 56% 4436 0%

7 Foothill College (CA)* 3 5 5 42% 13% 64895 60% 1551 0%

8 Raritan Valley Community College (NJ)* 4 8 6 28% 23% 45658 59% 4224 0%

9 Ranken Tehcnical College (MO) 4 8 5 42% 72% 43379 47% 14457 4%

10 Lake Washington Institute of Technology (WA)* 3 5 6 62% 46% 44667 55% 4059 4%

11 Northcentral Technical College (WI)* 4 8 5 44% 53% 36837 54% 4313 0%

12 Inver Hills Community College (MN)* 4 9 5 35% 32% 44103 52% 5285 0%

13 Harcum College (PA) 4 7 6 54% 64% 43532 54% 22760 0%

14 Vermont Technical College* 4 5 4 38% 71% 46399 76% 14026 23%

15 Waukesha County Technical College (WI)* 4 8 6 37% 40% 37374 51% 4157 0%

16 North Shore Community College (MA)* 4 8 6 40% 34% 34328 63% 4848 0%

17 Mid-State Technical College (WI)* 4 8 5 46% 56% 33836 50% 4321 0%

18 Pennslyvania State University–Dubois* 4 7 5 18% 53% 52441 58% 13616 31%

19 Walla Walla Community College (WA)* 4 6 6 54% 52% 34807 46% 4203 0%

20 Howard Community College (MD)* 4 8 6 34% 18% 45045 49% 4224 0%

21 Capital Community College (CT)* 3 8 6 54% 24% 39468 61% 4236 0%

22 County College of Morris (NJ)* 4 8 5 23% 26% 45005 67% 4690 0%

23 Montgomery College (MD)* 4 7 6 35% 15% 46458 56% 4902 0%

24 Wisconsin Indianhead Technical College (WI)* 3 8 5 48% 67% 32862 54% 4598 0%

25 Diablo Valley College (CA)* 4 7 6 31% 16% 45356 48% 1308 0%

26 Mount Wachusett Community College (MA) 4 8 6 41% 25% 34664 61% 5188 0%

27 Western Wisconsin Technical College (WI)* 3 8 6 65% 37% 32894 46% 3776 0%

28 Rockland Community College (NY)* 4 8 6 25% 22% 41546 56% 4815 0%

29 Massachusetts Bay Community College (MA)* 4 5 5 40% 21% 47066 67% 4808 0%

30 University of Cinncinati–Raymond Walters (OH)* 3 9 6 21% 27% 46895 53% 6010 4%

31 Central Texas College (TX)* 4 8 6 55% 9% 37044 44% 2280 0%

32 Pennslyvania State University–Hazleton (PA)* 4 7 5 9% 50% 52441 58% 14072 55%

33 Southern Arkansas University Tech (AR)* 4 7 6 33% 68% 30720 41% 4677 0%

34 Montgomery County Community College (PA)* 4 9 6 33% 13% 41879 46% 5610 0%

35 Nicolet Area Technical College (WI)* 4 6 6 40% 54% 31049 56% 4642 0%

36 Quincy College (MA)* 4 8 4 48% 17% 44844 56% 5910 0%

37 Hagerstown Community College (MD)* 4 8 6 33% 32% 35518 48% 3564 0%

38 Skagit Valley College (WA)* 4 6 6 47% 35% 35483 53% 4200 0%

39 Naugatuck Valley Community College (CT)* 4 6 6 36% 21% 40135 63% 4208 0%

40 ECPI College of Technology (VA)° 3 7 5 72% 67% 41816 33% 14775 30%

41 Middlesex Community College (MA)* 4 8 5 33% 22% 38073 66% 4730 0%

42 Lower Columbia College (WA)* 4 8 5 44% 45% 35079 41% 4131 0%

43 College of the Canyons (CA)* 4 7 6 32% 11% 44509 44% 1154 0%

44 Colby Community College (KS)* 3 7 5 20% 83% 33225 57% 3150 0%

45 Gateway Community College (AZ)* 4 7 6 53% 21% 36088 40% 2094 0%

46 Olympic College (WA)* 4 5 6 47% 41% 35110 52% 3618 1%

47 City College of San Francisco (CA)* 3 7 6 57% 12% 41824 47% 1598 0%

48 Mesa Community College (AZ)* 4 8 6 37% 10% 41383 40% 2094 0%

49 Southern Wisconsin Technical College (WI)* 4 7 5 25% 55% 33401 59% 4340 0%

50 University of Pittsburgh–Titusville (PA)* 4 6 5 19% 27% 54478 61% 11808 0% 36 September/October 2018

BEST 2-YEAR COLLEGES FOR ADULT LEARNERS

Mean earnings of independentLoan repayment rate of independentPercent of credentials awarded Ease of transferFlexibility (4 pts max) of programsServices for (9 adult pts% max)students students over Graduation(6 pts age max) 25 rate of part-timestudents 10 students years afterstudents college 5 years entryIn-district after leaving tuition college andas fees bachelor’s (at a 9- degreesmonth rate)

51 Oakton Community College (IL)* 3 7 6 39% 14% 41422 66% 3621 0%

52 Saddleback College (CA)* 3 7 6 35% 15% 44365 54% 1326 0%

53 Milwaukee Area Technical College (WI)* 4 8 6 55% 24% 32927 37% 4426 0%

54 Pennslyvania College of Technology (PA)* 4 9 6 19% 44% 40765 50% 16080 40%

55 Northwest Florida State College (FL)* 4 7 6 39% 31% 33530 49% 3123 12%

56 Community College of Rhode Island (RI)* 4 6 6 37% 33% 33731 60% 4266 0%

57 Nassau Community College (NY)* 4 6 6 24% 28% 44610 47% 5248 0%

58 East Los Angeles College (CA)* 4 7 6 47% 13% 36230 44% 1244 0%

59 Florida Community College–Jacksonville (FL)* 3 8 6 45% 35% 35484 42% 2765 9%

60 Normandale Community College (MN)* 4 7 6 28% 16% 42411 53% 5730 0%

61 College of Dupage (IL)* 3 9 6 34% 24% 39019 46% 4050 0%

62 Sheridan College (WY)* 4 7 5 36% 30% 36062 57% 3156 0%

63 Orange Coast College (CA)* 3 8 6 29% 17% 40869 54% 1184 0%

64 Ohlone College (CA)* 4 6 5 36% 9% 46783 50% 1162 0%

65 Cape Cod Community College (MA)* 4 7 6 43% 19% 35775 50% 4320 0%

66 Bucks County Community College (PA)* 4 7 6 29% 9% 41672 55% 4298 0%

67 Nebraska College of Business (NE)° 4 7 4 79% 50% 41044 26% 15352 43%

68 Broward Community College (FL)* 3 8 6 36% 29% 38415 45% 2753 4%

69 Bunker Hill Community College (MA)* 4 6 6 42% 17% 36623 55% 3888 0%

70 Spokane Community College (WA)* 2 7 6 68% 45% 35417 38% 3393 0%

71 SUNY Delhi (NY)* 4 5 6 23% 49% 38693 55% 7875 38%

72 Gateway Community College (CT)* 3 8 6 40% 20% 35717 59% 4168 0%

73 Prince George’s Community College (MD)* 3 7 6 41% 12% 46830 42% 3650 0%

74 Ohio State–Marion (OH)* 3 7 6 14% 33% 47935 53% 7140 55%

75 Moraine Park Technical College (WI)* 3 8 4 62% 34% 35548 53% 4340 0%

76 Northampton County Area Comm. College (PA)* 4 7 6 33% 20% 36232 52% 4110 0%

77 Jones College–Jacksonville (FL) 4 6 3 85% 67% 33121 27% 7650 32%

78 Napa Valley College (CA)* 3 6 6 32% 11% 45241 58% 1142 0%

79 Skyline College (CA)* 3 6 6 35% 13% 41883 63% 1446 0%

80 Illinois Eastern Comm. Coll.–Wabash Vall. (IL)* 4 6 5 75% 21% 28181 55% 3466 0%

81 Shoreline Community College (WA)* 3 4 6 40% 33% 45117 54% 3735 0%

82 Andover College (ME)° 4 7 4 82% 33% 41044 26% 11601 44%

83 Whatcom Community College (WA)° 3 8 6 26% 41% 35853 51% 4316 0%

84 Sante Fe Community College (NM)* 3 7 6 56% 17% 34844 50% 1695 0%

85 Wenatchee Valley College (WA)° 4 7 5 31% 44% 35446 44% 3678 0%

86 Bismarck State College (ND)* 4 5 5 32% 20% 43493 62% 3659 9%

87 College of Southern Maryland (MD)* 3 8 6 29% 17% 42088 50% 3631 0%

88 Tacoma Community College (WA)° 4 4 6 45% 37% 38780 42% 3686 0%

89 Marion Technical College (OH)° 4 9 5 38% 33% 30636 45% 4480 0%

90 Fayetteville Technical Community College (NC)* 4 8 5 56% 32% 32526 27% 2528 0%

91 Delaware County Community College (PA)* 3 9 5 38% 20% 41745 47% 4960 0%

92 Portland Community College (OR)* 4 5 6 50% 15% 39383 47% 3802 0%

93 Cascadia Community College (WA)° 4 6 4 17% 32% 49539 50% 3753 0%

94 Quinsigamond Community College (MA)° 3 8 5 39% 26% 38074 60% 5394 0%

95 North Hennepin Community College (MN)* 3 9 4 43% 26% 41680 48% 4367 0%

96 Front Range Community Colleget (CO)* 3 8 5 37% 30% 39124 51% 3660 0%

97 Bellevue Community College (WA)° 2 6 5 32% 39% 47764 61% 3624 3%

98 Erie Community College-Central Report (NY)° 4 8 6 33% 20% 35823 43% 5408 0%

99 San Diego Mesa College (CA)* 3 7 6 35% 12% 42143 49% 1142 0%

100 Bristol Community College (MA)* 3 9 6 37% 23% 31544 57% 4464 0% 38 September/October 2018 (1) Ease of transfer/enrollment. This is designed to re- A NOTE ON METHODOLOGY: flect how easy it is for adult students to either initially enroll BEST COLLEGES FOR or transfer in a given college. It includes data from the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Educa- ADULT LEARNERS tion Data System (IPEDS) and the College Board’s Annual Sur- vey of Colleges on whether there is an orientation program for transfer students, whether transcript review is available e began with the 3,487 postsecondary institutions in prior to admission, whether students can transfer in at an the fifty states and Washington, D.C., that were list- upper level (seniors for four-year colleges and sophomores W ed in the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data for two-year colleges), whether a college is test-optional for System (IPEDS) as being active in the 2016–17 academic year adult students or open admission (four-year colleges only), and had a Carnegie basic classification in 2015 of between 1 and whether a transfer adviser is available. Four-year colleg- and 23, excluding many colleges that only grant certificates es could score up to five points on this metric, while two-year as well as special-focus institutions such as medical schools colleges could score up to four points. or rabbinical programs. We dropped any colleges that were (2) Flexibility of programs. This metric considers graduate-only institutions, did not participate in any feder- whether colleges are flexible enough to meet the needs of al financial aid programs, were one of the five service acad- adult students, and again is based on IPEDS and College emies (to be consistent with the main rankings), and that we Board data. Colleges receive a point if they allow credits to know have closed or merged since 2016–17. An additional 138 be earned by life experience/prior learning assessment, if colleges were excluded for having fewer than 100 students in credits can be earned via examination, if accelerated pro- any of the last three years in which they were open. grams are available, if at least some distance programs are The next sample restriction was to exclude colleges available, if independent study classes are available, if stu- that did not have data on all of the outcome measures. An- dent-designed majors are allowed, if weekend and/or eve- other 311 colleges were dropped for not participating in the ning classes are offered, if academic support is available af- College Board’s Annual Survey of Colleges, which is key in ter six p.m., or if academic support is available on weekends. our rankings. Forty-one colleges did not have data on the Colleges could earn a maximum of nine points on this metric. percent of adult students, 277 colleges did not have data (3) Services available for adult students. This is based on average earnings of independent students, and we ex- on IPEDS and College Board data and reflects whether a col- cluded thirty-two colleges that participated in the federal lege offers services that adult students are most likely to use. student loan program but did not report a separate repay- Colleges receive a point if they offer general services for adult ment rate for independent students. As we used the per- students, financial aid counseling, on-campus daycare, coun- centage of adult students as one of our metrics, colleges seling services, job placement services, or veterans’ services. with insufficient numbers of independent students to have Colleges could earn at most six points on this metric. a separate repayment rate for independent students were (4) The percent of adult students (age 25+) at the unlikely to score highly in this ranking anyway. For three college. This measure is from IPEDS and represents the per- colleges that served at least 75 percent adult students and centage of undergraduate students who are twenty-five or did not have separate data on earnings or repayment rates older, which is the age at which students are automatically for independent students, we instead used data for all stu- considered as independent from their parents for financial dents. Our resulting sample is 2,212 colleges, of which 1,124 aid purposes. We used this measure instead of the percent- are considered four-year colleges (based on Carnegie clas- age of independent students from the U.S. Department of sification and whether they awarded more bachelor’s de- Education’s College Scorecard because there was no missing grees than certificates or associate’s degrees), and 1,088 are data on this measure and there was an extremely strong cor- two-year colleges. relation between the two measures. As a final precaution to highlight especially question- (5) Graduation rates of part-time students. This new able colleges, we used the Department of Education’s list of measure from IPEDS (which makes its rankings debut this colleges on the most serious level of heightened cash moni- year) tracks the percentage of first-time, part-time students toring for significant financial or operating concerns. and not-first-time, part-time students who graduated from We used the seven metrics in this year’s rankings as we that college within eight years of entry. Since adult students did in 2016 and 2017—and we added one, thanks to new data are more likely to attend college part time than younger stu- from the federal government. The metrics are the following: dents, part-time graduation rates are more relevant for stu-

40 September/October 2018 dents who will be juggling work, school, and family obliga- eral student loan program and did not fully meet all students’ tions all at once. financial need, we assigned those colleges a repayment rate (6) Mean earnings of adult students ten years after of zero. Recent research by the Institute for College Access entering college. Here, we used newly released data from and Success showed that nearly one million students attend the College Scorecard to examine what the average earnings community colleges that will not offer their students federal were for independent students a decade after they entered loans, instead steering them to private loans with far less fa- college regardless of whether they graduated or dropped vorable terms to borrowers. Additionally, Mark Wiederspan out. (Independent students include all adult students, as well of Arizona State University found an empirical relationship as younger students who are veterans or have children of between colleges that refuse to offer federal loans and worse their own—people who benefit from additional flexibility.) academic outcomes for their students. We would ideally like to compare this to students’ earnings (8) Tuition and fees for in-district students. This met- before they entered (or reentered) college, but this is still a ric comes from IPEDS and is a simple measure of affordabil- big step forward in showing which colleges seem to serve ity. We do not use net price in the adult student rankings be- their adult students well. cause net price data is only available for first-time, full-time (7) Loan repayment rates of adult students five years students—a far cry from this group of students. after entering repayment. We use this metric from the Col- We constructed the rankings by rescaling each of the lege Scorecard to see what percentage of a college’s former first three measures to have a maximum score of five points independent students were able to pay down at least $1 of each. We then standardized each of the other four mea- their loan’s principal five years after entering repayment (typ- sures separately for two-year and four-year colleges to have ically, six months after leaving college). This is the updated a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one, trimming loan repayment rate released by the Department of Educa- back a small number of observations that were more than tion in January 2017 after they fixed a coding error that made five standard deviations away from the mean. The resulting repayment rates appear artificially high. For the 115 colleges rankings are then a sum of each of the eight measures, and (all two-year institutions) that did not participate in the fed- we show the top 100 colleges in each sector. —Eds.

Washington Monthly 41 AMERICA’S BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK COLLEGES 2018 Our exclusive list of schools that help non-wealthy students attain marketable degrees at affordable prices.

By Robert Kelchen

nlike most traditional college rankings, the Wash- rates are now available for all students—not just first- ington Monthly’s have always made colleges’ con- time, full-time students, who make up an ever-smaller U tribution to social mobility a priority. We start- share of college students—as well as separate gradua- ed our annual Best Bang for the Buck rankings back in tion rate data for Pell Grant recipients. We are pleased 2012 using little more than graduation rates for first- to incorporate this data into the 2018 Best Bang for the time, full-time students, the percentage of students re- Buck rankings, which are broken down by region begin- ceiving Pell Grants, and the typical price that moderate- ning on page 44. (We used the same data and method- income families pay for college after grant aid. Thank- ology to create the social mobility portion of the main fully, more data on social mobility has become available rankings, which begin on page 74; the methodology is over the last few years as policymakers have placed more explained beginning on page 109.) of a focus on social mobility. In spite of its stated inten- The Best Bang for the Buck colleges across each of tion to downsize the U.S. Department of Education (or the five regions are a mix of some of America’s most elite even merge it with the Department of Labor), the Trump institutions and hidden gems that make up for a lack administration has so far continued to provide data on of name recognition with strong student outcomes and loan repayment rates, earnings, and the percentage of a commitment to social mobility. In the Northeast, the first-generation students, data that was first made avail- public Massachusetts Maritime Academy (with a low net able back in 2015 by the Obama administration. price, and average annual earnings of around $80,000 ten We have long advocated in these pages for better years after starting college) noses out Harvard and Prince- graduation rate data, and this year the Department of ton, while landlubbers may wish to consider fourth- Education introduced two new sets of statistics that ranked Rutgers-Camden. Berea College and College of the show a clearer picture of social mobility. Graduation Ozarks, which both primarily serve students from modest

42 September/October 2018 financial backgrounds at low prices, maintain their top Catholic, Chapman, Hofstra, and Tulane are all well- rankings in the South and Midwest regions, respectively. known, relatively prestigious universities. They also Georgia’s Augusta University (where 43 percent of serve few Pell recipients and first-generation students, students receive Pell Grants) is number 2 in the South- charge students high net prices, and graduate Pell recip- east and a great option for students who want more so- ients at lower rates than other students. The website for cioeconomic diversity than number 1, Washington and High Point University, ranked fourth from the bottom Lee (10 percent Pell), and number 3, Georgetown (13 per- in the Southeast, proudly features a “campus concierge” cent Pell). Finally, two California State University cam- that provides free iPad rentals, among other offerings. puses (Stanislaus and Bakersfield) are best in the West. The recreational facilities include—just to scratch the That’s in large part because their Pell and non-Pell stu- surface—three sand volleyball courts, five heated pools, dents graduate at the same rate, and because nearly 60 and four fourteen-person jacuzzi hot tubs. (There is percent of their students are the first in their family to also an indoor, apparently unheated, pool, and anoth- attend college. Cal State deserves additional credit for er hot tub, of unspecified capacity.) Yet with an annual placing twelve of its campuses in the top thirty in the net price of $33,433 and median post-college earnings of West region, showing a commitment to social mobility $38,176, we can think of some better uses of students’ within both the system and the state. and parents’ money. As usual, the bottom of the rankings features not just middling public universities and for-profit institu- Robert Kelchen, an assistant professor of higher education in tions, but also a striking number of private nonprofit the Department of Education Leadership, Management, and Pol- colleges with strong national reputations that are not icy at Seton Hall University, is data manager of the Washington living up to the hype for middle-class students. Baylor, Monthly College Guide.

BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK MIDWEST COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution Predicted grad rate based on % of Pell recipients, 8-year graduationGraduation rate rate rankincoming SATs,Grad etc. rate performancePell/non-PellPell rank grad grad rate gapStudents gap rank receivingPredicted Pell % GrantsPell Pell performance based First-genon ACT/SAT rank students andPredicted admit % ratesFirst-gen first-gen performance basedMedian on earningsACT/SAT rankPredicted and10 years admit medianEarnings after rates earnings entering performanceNet price college of rank attendanceNet price rank for% families repaying below $1Repayment in loan$75,000 principal incomerankPredicted 5 years repayment afterRepay. leaving rate rate perf. coll. rank

1 College of the Ozarks (MO) 67% 20 42% 5 -5% 101 58% 47% 28 34% 34% 201 32525 26073 13 12315 69 100%* 1 64% 1

2 Union Institute & University (OH) 70% 180 40% 1 10% 10 45% 53% 341 54% 46% 34 40241 34947 28 22463 365 62% 332 51% 4

3 National Louis University (IL) 67% 215 43% 2 3% 24 51% 44% 59 45% 40% 90 43630 38270 27 14166 152 53% 362 47% 53

4 Grace Christian University (MI) 38% 301 37% 166 20% 6 66% 57% 47 44% 44% 212 28100 27887 154 12401 75 71% 142 53% 3

5 Indiana Wesleyan University (IN) 66% 76 58% 48 30% 2 35% 27% 48 49% 29% 4 47450 44443 51 22298 353 64% 274 61% 148

6 University of Illinois at Chicago (IL)* 66% 227 63% 100 -1% 39 52% 30% 4 40% 31% 27 52348 49840 84 11145 82 74% 228 71% 85

7 Bethel College–Mishawaka (IN) 69% 50 54% 15 1% 37 48% 35% 20 37% 34% 117 36317 35782 139 15553 153 71% 194 63% 39

8 Central Christian College of Kansas (KS) 48% 199 40% 47 17% 9 47% 51% 284 48% 39% 22 31070 31780 204 17664 269 71% 146 52% 2

9 Herzing University (WI)° 41% 336 35% 60 11% 12 74% 47% 3 52% 44% 38 41667 33727 5 22131 352 38% 370 39% 242

10 Rockford University (IL) 60% 134 55% 80 2% 32 51% 40% 30 47% 36% 19 41440 37778 36 20718 329 71% 182 60% 13

11 Bradley University (IL) 76% 15 71% 73 19% 4 24% 23% 178 23% 25% 259 52255 48992 45 20487 321 82% 46 81% 205

12 Eastern Illinois University (IL)* 64% 102 58% 68 -3% 77 40% 43% 248 35% 37% 263 41008 35445 14 13501 103 71% 191 66% 86

13 Western Illinois University (IL)* 61% 124 54% 52 -7% 127 46% 43% 140 37% 39% 255 41657 37306 26 15403 149 74% 133 63% 14

14 MacMurray College (IL) 46% 231 47% 221 20% 5 57% 47% 36 42% 38% 101 36819 36375 145 16911 231 68% 190 62% 78

15 College of Saint Benedict (MN) 82% 85 75% 39 -3% 104 24% 24% 182 18% 20% 256 49213 42737 10 17366 216 94% 65 88% 47

16 Drury University (MO) 36% 361 52% 381 80% 1 52% 22% 2 42% 25% 6 32130 33480 242 21938 347 51% 345 58% 346

17 Univ. of IL–Urbana-Champaign (IL)* 86% 37 79% 41 -4% 74 21% 17% 96 24% 21% 132 57592 56272 117 11522 89 83% 87 80% 104

18 Argosy University–Chicago (IL) 36% 374 25% 18 7% 17 76% 59% 6 50% 48% 135 38332 38541 169 17525 278 40% 380 31% 12

19 Illinois Institute of Technology (IL) 67% 216 70% 252 -6% 103 30% 21% 34 31% 23% 41 69592 64952 33 16651 246 86% 58 75% 5

20 University of Notre Dame (IN) 96% 5 94% 122 -3% 67 11% 11% 206 10% 15% 308 71103 68290 73 12417 110 95% 4 91% 82

21 Millikin University (IL) 65% 23 58% 55 -9% 148 41% 35% 72 31% 31% 196 42923 36229 11 17523 263 74% 104 70% 110

22 Saint John’s University (MN) 82% 92 70% 17 -2% 93 19% 23% 268 14% 19% 341 57986 54368 40 16130 160 93% 79 87% 45

23 Urbana University (OH) 38% 300 36% 150 35% 3 24% 47% 380 49% 40% 20 36226 33569 70 16593 221 60% 272 58% 158

24 Ohio State–Marion (OH)* 50% 174 50% 207 -9% 154 42% 38% 112 28% 33% 325 43520 34794 6 10277 26 69% 172 73% 278

25 Fort Hays State University (KS)* 65% 94 44% 8 -10% 186 28% 38% 344 40% 37% 131 37575 38430 217 10487 39 71% 189 62% 30

26 Illinois State University (IL)* 74% 126 65% 24 -12% 226 27% 29% 249 31% 31% 199 45692 39353 19 15304 197 80% 128 73% 22

27 Goshen College (IN) 70% 8 54% 14 -16% 272 31% 37% 292 38% 32% 60 36965 38003 222 14397 128 84% 27 69% 8

28 Ohio Northern University (OH) 71% 4 68% 125 -9% 147 22% 19% 133 26% 24% 133 59022 49088 4 20565 348 85% 18 81% 111

29 Ripon College (WI) 68% 219 62% 44 -8% 173 37% 33% 97 32% 25% 32 43722 39835 38 15445 136 83% 213 80% 115

30 Kettering University (MI) 64% 108 64% 209 -18% 332 25% 17% 54 19% 21% 243 77401 57954 1 31495 385 89% 5 80% 19

31 Dominican University (IL) 66% 72 62% 95 -12% 222 48% 38% 32 47% 35% 17 45386 45981 203 15958 168 73% 140 62% 11

32 Waldorf University (IA)° 44% 248 44% 188 13% 14 55% 48% 62 45% 39% 46 36566 36347 153 19009 308 66% 214 57% 35

33 Milwaukee School of Engineering (WI) 56% 194 65% 332 -16% 301 27% 14% 21 27% 18% 42 67121 57896 3 16580 193 84% 25 76% 27

34 Governors State University (IL)* 66% 77 44% 7 N/A 132 46% 52% 304 45% 45% 175 40962 39660 108 15684 158 54% 334 49% 71

35 Buena Vista University (IA) 62% 41 57% 92 -17% 273 47% 35% 27 38% 32% 68 38781 32792 17 16920 232 74% 105 71% 126

36 Mt. Vernon Nazarene Univ. (OH) 62% 118 56% 65 -6% 109 41% 33% 52 40% 32% 57 40690 39566 113 16837 201 73% 157 66% 50

37 Drake University (IA) 77% 11 73% 106 2% 28 16% 15% 158 16% 19% 283 56734 49533 7 22981 360 86% 16 85% 191

38 Univ. of Wisconsin–Green Bay (WI)* 54% 236 57% 246 -4% 84 30% 32% 240 38% 32% 81 39594 37719 88 11845 62 80% 64 72% 32

39 Southwestern College (KS) 59% 154 36% 6 -18% 330 38% 36% 156 41% 36% 79 45584 40703 20 20338 314 67% 236 55% 9

40 Saint Xavier University (IL) 62% 120 58% 102 -16% 300 52% 40% 26 45% 37% 44 45243 42533 57 14306 124 66% 249 60% 62

41 Chadron State College (NE)* 41% 338 51% 347 8% 16 36% 41% 288 37% 38% 223 37576 34372 48 10501 40 72% 174 68% 96

42 Illinois College (IL) 77% 122 63% 10 -22% 360 39% 36% 130 30% 27% 103 39127 39356 176 13868 93 86% 167 77% 16

43 Cornell College (IA) 68% 228 70% 234 22% 7 33% 22% 24 23% 19% 77 41914 40796 118 20292 326 84% 199 82% 145

44 Mount Mercy University (IA) 72% 29 59% 20 -8% 152 35% 42% 314 31% 38% 342 43925 42387 98 15852 164 81% 50 75% 60

45 Rochester College (MI) 59% 69 46% 21 5% 27 43% 49% 299 40% 38% 127 34750 33641 124 14546 132 55% 307 57% 268

46 Univ. of Wisconsin–Stevens Point (WI)* 63% 115 61% 158 -6% 107 34% 31% 128 31% 32% 213 39542 41871 288 11314 50 84% 30 75% 29

47 Aurora University (IL) 69% 49 57% 27 -9% 163 42% 37% 95 44% 36% 52 41110 44932 342 14884 134 73% 160 62% 15

48 MO Univ. of Science & Technology (MO)* 69% 197 65% 98 -19% 345 25% 13% 22 23% 21% 139 66869 61667 30 12224 105 86% 54 80% 38

49 DePauw University (IN) 81% 98 80% 178 -4% 124 19% 21% 253 20% 18% 140 49665 43547 12 16335 171 87% 141 85% 143

50 Michigan Technological University (MI)* 67% 218 66% 182 -7% 121 25% 18% 45 21% 23% 260 62922 60793 92 10374 57 85% 66 83% 124 44 September/October 2018

BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK NORTHEAST COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution Predicted grad rate based on % of Pell recipients, 8-year graduationGraduation rate rate rankincoming SATs,Grad etc. rate performancePell/non-PellPell rank grad grad rate gapStudents gap rank receivingPredicted Pell % GrantsPell Pell performance based First-genon ACT/SAT rank students andPredicted admit % ratesFirst-gen first-gen performance basedMedian on earningsACT/SAT rankPredicted and10 years admit medianEarnings after rates earnings entering performanceNet price college of rank attendanceNet price rank for% families repaying below $1Repayment in loan$75,000 principal incomerankPredicted 5 years repayment afterRepay. leaving rate rate perf. coll. rank

1 Massachusetts Maritime Academy (MA)* 71% 68 62% 57 -3% 108 18% 32% 365 21% 32% 367 80091 60268 2 8205 25 85% 34 86% 265

2 Harvard University (MA) 97% 10 90% 50 -2% 76 12% 12% 126 22% 14% 30 89807 70728 5 5153 13 72% 305 82% 397

3 Princeton University (NJ) 98% 8 95% 176 -4% 124 14% 12% 77 23% 14% 19 78452 69972 37 4270 8 88% 47 86% 135

4 Rutgers University-Camden (NJ)* 64% 145 60% 137 -7% 210 48% 41% 41 33% 37% 244 56076 45445 9 10886 51 75% 166 67% 34

5 Yale University (CT) 97% 11 96% 203 1% 38 13% 12% 100 20% 14% 38 75173 66976 44 6710 22 90% 39 87% 131

6 MA Institute of Technology (MA) 93% 24 97% 332 -8% 230 18% 11% 39 21% 14% 37 93696 80479 10 7568 34 93% 19 90% 134

7 Bentley University (MA) 86% 4 73% 17 -2% 97 15% 23% 265 19% 23% 239 78401 64562 6 21289 277 95% 1 86% 31

8 Maine Maritime Academy (ME)* 69% 21 58% 32 -14% 323 29% 35% 237 21% 33% 392 79999 56456 1 19566 269 90% 9 84% 90

9 Amherst College (MA) 95% 38 91% 135 -9% 283 23% 9% 11 22% 9% 2 58743 54859 97 6800 5 88% 171 84% 89

10 University of Pennsylvania (PA) 96% 14 94% 178 -5% 143 14% 15% 145 18% 16% 101 80979 69047 15 9424 50 89% 43 86% 114

11 Rutgers University–Newark (NJ)* 70% 244 61% 31 -1% 56 53% 42% 18 33% 38% 264 56076 50015 70 9997 57 75% 264 70% 67

12 Sterling College (VT) 53% 358 46% 56 13% 19 54% 28% 1 N/A 23% 42 N/A 26503 45 18313 219 79% 293 74% 69

13 College of the Holy Cross (MA) 93% 50 84% 29 1% 101 16% 22% 233 16% 18% 195 65003 54626 14 14647 110 94% 70 90% 82

14 CUNY Bernard M. Baruch College (NY)* 71% 70 68% 169 9% 14 45% 24% 5 48% 23% 1 55119 61996 382 6454 12 72% 207 67% 91

15 Colgate University (NY) 93% 47 90% 160 2% 84 12% 13% 155 17% 13% 47 61934 53788 26 11297 45 91% 123 89% 152

16 SUNY Maritime College (NY)* 53% 285 59% 343 N/A 86 23% 31% 274 22% 30% 336 77671 58685 3 13191 88 79% 85 80% 292

17 University of Baltimore (MD)* 57% 240 42% 7 -7% 219 42% 51% 301 44% 44% 129 57054 44956 7 14139 115 53% 367 47% 72

18 Williams College (MA) 96% 31 94% 157 -5% 203 19% 9% 23 17% 10% 20 56605 54766 174 6390 4 89% 153 88% 230

19 Columbia Univ. in the City of NY (NY) 93% 22 90% 136 N/A 83 22% 14% 31 21% 16% 49 76183 71068 90 7297 32 81% 164 83% 321

20 CUNY Lehman College (NY)* 50% 314 49% 201 3% 31 53% 47% 49 50% 39% 16 41710 43297 304 3977 1 55% 364 45% 17

21 Manhattan College (NY) 76% 29 66% 40 1% 51 29% 30% 139 29% 30% 177 63752 53887 12 25268 353 87% 20 77% 16

22 College of St. Joseph (VT) 49% 241 37% 22 3% 35 64% 58% 53 45% 43% 93 37021 33992 137 16001 196 66% 257 54% 13

23 Hamilton College (NY) 92% 54 90% 171 -2% 145 15% 14% 101 14% 13% 108 58848 53000 65 9481 20 93% 86 91% 197

24 CUNY John Jay Col. of Crim. Just. (NY)* 48% 329 49% 260 1% 53 55% 50% 67 49% 42% 40 43880 39730 89 5204 7 53% 366 51% 202

25 Peirce College (PA) 40% 331 24% 8 -22% 383 60% 71% 321 59% 49% 13 45988 38369 43 8923 24 43% 376 24% 1

26 Cedar Crest College (PA) 62% 73 53% 48 -3% 128 43% 46% 188 46% 37% 18 45893 38188 40 16011 197 69% 216 63% 77

27 Dartmouth College (NH) 96% 17 93% 144 1% 36 14% 14% 132 14% 16% 205 69133 65932 140 8907 48 92% 22 89% 129

28 CUNY Medgar Evers College (NY)* 24% 386 26% 269 9% 20 61% 54% 43 48% 44% 70 35662 33118 150 9013 28 43% 375 26% 4

29 Lafayette College (PA) 91% 62 86% 87 -2% 162 10% 21% 351 14% 17% 249 69256 57478 8 14710 114 91% 128 89% 177

30 Haverford College (PA) 94% 42 89% 90 -2% 154 16% 10% 47 16% 11% 44 56433 55187 193 10247 33 93% 103 89% 107

31 St. Francis College (NY) 55% 164 42% 21 1% 59 44% 52% 268 39% 41% 188 47126 39496 42 13498 101 60% 319 57% 165

32 Saint Francis University (PA) 69% 85 62% 67 27% 1 25% 36% 342 28% 35% 309 47957 45437 141 21360 280 81% 62 78% 159

33 Fashion Institute of Technology (NY)* 77% 23 71% 113 N/A 16 26% 31% 215 28% 29% 156 45833 46410 272 9610 39 76% 136 75% 207

34 McDaniel College (MD) 70% 260 65% 91 6% 37 31% 31% 124 26% 24% 88 46637 44717 168 14742 116 87% 183 78% 11

35 Bay Path College (MA) 65% 129 59% 96 -5% 159 58% 47% 19 49% 41% 32 41814 36361 63 18724 228 62% 332 59% 156

36 University of Maine–Fort Kent (ME)* 51% 214 36% 12 21% 7 32% 53% 397 44% 42% 85 32471 36592 347 11745 58 71% 188 61% 24

37 Bowdoin College (ME) 93% 45 88% 86 -6% 222 14% 17% 192 17% 14% 73 57226 55962 191 8627 16 91% 126 88% 130

38 College of Saint Elizabeth (NJ) 65% 137 47% 2 -15% 354 44% 61% 389 48% 51% 220 44240 37473 38 15605 162 67% 280 55% 9

39 Brown University (RI) 97% 9 92% 83 -3% 98 16% 15% 107 18% 16% 95 61919 66094 340 8634 44 92% 24 85% 20

40 Cooper Un. Advance. of Sci. & Art (NY) 83% 1 75% 68 -3% 131 21% 7% 14 27% 14% 4 54316 58271 343 10216 40 80% 61 81% 267

41 Penn State–Worthington Scranton (PA)* 54% 175 49% 127 -9% 244 47% 45% 97 30% 38% 351 48413 41675 54 11835 60 77% 91 74% 161

42 Bates College (ME) 89% 72 89% 233 7% 28 11% 15% 211 12% 14% 204 55065 53392 181 9742 29 93% 84 91% 167

43 Buffalo State College (NY)* 52% 301 51% 218 -2% 87 51% 53% 150 33% 45% 389 39088 33026 52 9943 42 65% 307 62% 155

44 Barnard College (NY) 91% 64 92% 272 -1% 141 18% 18% 122 18% 15% 69 57399 54545 136 11058 41 93% 89 90% 125

45 SUNY at Albany (NY)* 67% 266 66% 195 -1% 63 40% 39% 95 29% 34% 284 51192 45396 74 13198 126 77% 219 72% 45

46 Fairfield University (CT) 79% 12 73% 107 -2% 91 13% 21% 288 18% 24% 295 69999 54400 4 29075 384 90% 5 86% 132

47 Houghton College (NY) 77% 181 65% 6 -0% 121 42% 27% 10 18% 22% 270 39890 35796 95 19057 238 84% 241 82% 181

48 Penn State–Greater Allegheny (PA)* 43% 379 46% 313 -8% 259 48% 46% 87 30% 33% 232 48413 39413 22 13941 89 77% 315 66% 6

49 New Jersey City University (NJ)* 51% 307 45% 105 -2% 90 57% 52% 66 50% 47% 74 42364 42750 265 8982 35 55% 361 51% 116

50 Susquehanna University (PA) 76% 187 70% 66 -4% 191 25% 30% 221 24% 24% 120 51684 44054 31 18957 236 90% 141 83% 30 46 September/October 2018

BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK SOUTHERN COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution

aduation ratePredicted rank grad rate based on % of Pell recipients, 8-year graduationGr rate incoming SATs,Grad etc. rate performancePell/non-PellPell rank grad grad rate gapStudents gap rank receivingPredicted Pell % GrantsPell Pell performance based First-genon ACT/SAT rank students andPredicted admit % ratesFirst-gen first-gen performance basedMedian on earningsACT/SAT rankPredicted and10 years admit medianEarnings after rates earnings entering performanceNet price college of rank attendanceNet price rank for% families repaying below $1Repayment in loan$75,000 principal incomerankPredicted 5 years repayment afterRepay. leaving rate rate perf. coll. rank

1 Berea College (KY) 63% 80 57% 19 -31% 204 83% 37% 1 40% 27% 2 33399 28556 10 3458 1 72% 102 62% 2

2 William Carey University (MS) 65% 18 50% 6 19% 5 63% 32% 4 37% 31% 63 34696 30287 11 17771 160 54% 140 51% 42

3 Texas A&M University–Texarkana (TX)* 71% 7 46% 1 1% 28 48% 45% 108 47% 40% 56 35961 32938 23 7379 18 60% 101 55% 31

4 Louisiana College (LA) 45% 118 47% 97 35% 1 43% 42% 130 37% 39% 166 40394 35702 8 12897 89 67% 47 59% 13

5 Univ. of Houston–Clear Lake (TX)* 75% 4 52% 2 N/A 81 40% 38% 114 46% 35% 28 47407 42051 5 11155 65 64% 72 59% 25

6 Alice Lloyd College (KY) 46% 51 48% 90 22% 7 55% 47% 62 47% 35% 15 32640 30503 41 11392 63 59% 80 62% 138

7 Univ. of TX–Rio Grande Valley (TX)* 52% 145 56% 135 -4% 52 63% 48% 17 55% 42% 10 40702 39134 54 3102 3 60% 145 56% 27

8 Univ. of Arkansas–Monticello (AR)* 38% 174 34% 41 7% 13 58% 50% 61 55% 44% 29 32392 28619 15 10038 45 45% 173 42% 47

9 Texas A&M International Univ. (TX)* 51% 75 52% 77 -1% 32 51% 54% 159 49% 45% 97 44893 41121 16 6143 7 57% 125 54% 49

10 Texas A&M Univ.–College Station (TX)* 80% 14 73% 13 -11% 109 22% 26% 172 31% 27% 96 54659 52585 48 8788 50 85% 8 75% 1

11 Harding University (AR) 66% 16 63% 48 29% 3 27% 22% 93 21% 26% 185 38935 40504 129 14449 112 75% 15 78% 136

12 Tusculum College (TN) 53% 54 48% 28 -4% 54 57% 40% 19 47% 37% 30 38997 35098 14 16543 141 58% 118 55% 44

13 Southeastern OK State Univ. (OK)* 42% 148 30% 9 -13% 130 46% 41% 91 51% 38% 18 34648 34380 73 7371 17 60% 105 49% 8

14 Sam Houston State University (TX)* 60% 88 53% 15 -9% 86 43% 44% 150 43% 39% 95 42360 37485 13 11315 87 65% 117 58% 10

15 Northeastern State University (OK)* 44% 128 37% 21 -10% 93 49% 36% 33 43% 36% 57 35454 32467 25 7337 16 56% 134 55% 72

16 Univ. of Science & Arts of Okla. (OK)* 52% 144 45% 17 -11% 115 42% 41% 127 42% 30% 3 31767 29779 43 5997 2 61% 163 60% 73

17 John Brown University (AR) 70% 8 59% 12 -14% 144 29% 21% 60 32% 24% 50 46601 43324 19 16572 142 80% 9 70% 11

18 King University (TN) 73% 5 55% 3 -24% 201 47% 40% 65 51% 35% 4 41245 39817 52 17730 159 71% 28 60% 5

19 Texas Woman’s University (TX)* 51% 153 52% 86 -17% 169 44% 44% 140 42% 40% 120 44789 35606 2 7463 27 63% 129 57% 14

20 Mississippi Univ. for Women (MS)* 53% 60 48% 33 -5% 66 47% 38% 49 39% 37% 114 34252 33851 71 9976 43 58% 119 54% 33

21 Blue Mountain College (MS) 57% 19 47% 14 -13% 113 51% 38% 31 38% 34% 88 30972 30728 76 9670 32 63% 57 66% 145

22 Arkansas Tech University (AR)* 47% 104 45% 57 -4% 53 43% 36% 71 49% 35% 11 34304 31607 28 10108 47 56% 130 58% 123

23 Midway University (KY) 53% 59 50% 46 2% 23 51% 44% 70 52% 39% 13 36418 34167 35 18520 166 57% 126 53% 41

24 Bryan College–Dayton (TN) 54% 47 52% 52 7% 12 35% 38% 162 41% 34% 58 35508 39586 182 13787 99 76% 13 65% 7

25 University of Texas–El Paso (TX)* 50% 162 51% 96 -10% 98 58% 43% 18 42% 41% 124 39696 36919 37 5858 14 59% 151 60% 114

26 Trinity University (TX) 81% 1 77% 35 -7% 79 16% 14% 118 18% 17% 137 54362 54631 88 14413 111 90% 1 83% 17

27 Vanderbilt University (TN) 93% 2 95% 95 -4% 47 14% 12% 111 12% 14% 172 63229 63710 93 6873 24 88% 3 89% 121

28 University of Tennessee–Martin (TN)* 51% 83 51% 75 -15% 150 48% 34% 27 44% 33% 25 35202 34403 65 7257 15 60% 104 57% 54

29 Strayer University–Memphis (TN)° 23% 208 21% 53 N/A 20 69% 61% 57 52% 52% 151 49949 36474 1 26647 206 31% 194 25% 20

30 Lincoln Memorial University (TN) 46% 112 53% 154 -7% 77 50% 36% 25 45% 34% 22 37376 34361 24 11709 77 61% 91 61% 82

31 Univ. of Arkansas–Fort Smith (AR)* 35% 137 39% 119 -1% 37 49% 47% 122 50% 37% 7 30860 31347 95 7437 9 54% 113 54% 95

32 Oklahoma Wesleyan University (OK) 41% 156 44% 99 9% 11 35% 39% 173 45% 37% 54 46932 42001 7 20737 185 69% 37 62% 18

33 Southern Univ. and A&M College (LA)* 39% 165 39% 68 15% 8 67% 42% 5 41% 39% 110 32974 37275 186 12184 81 31% 198 28% 56

34 University of Houston–Victoria (TX)* 66% 15 52% 7 -10% 96 45% 48% 164 46% 41% 86 39591 42023 150 8966 29 61% 95 61% 94

35 Henderson State University (AR)* 39% 168 48% 172 -11% 110 54% 42% 32 43% 38% 81 35356 29945 4 10068 46 55% 138 54% 67

36 Texas College (TX) 44% 63 27% 4 4% 22 89% 70% 11 50% 49% 127 24002 30159 193 14128 110 22% 196 22% 96

37 So. Arkansas Univ.–Campus (AR)* 42% 151 43% 89 -4% 55 50% 42% 64 43% 38% 90 35412 32851 31 10394 53 51% 158 51% 98

38 Le Moyne-Owen College (TN) 33% 159 27% 29 -5% 63 79% 65% 29 48% 49% 157 28246 28990 109 8897 23 21% 201 21% 87

39 East Central University (OK)* 41% 158 39% 50 -16% 157 44% 42% 120 48% 39% 31 35100 32500 30 5956 5 55% 139 56% 108

40 Alcorn State University (MS)* 50% 87 35% 5 -8% 83 76% 51% 6 35% 46% 207 30616 30475 77 14944 121 31% 197 29% 64

41 Tennessee State University (TN)* 48% 170 41% 16 -5% 61 62% 53% 40 41% 44% 175 35411 34343 64 9900 68 38% 205 36% 61

42 Univ. of Houston–Downtown (TX)* 44% 124 45% 78 -1% 33 46% 48% 153 50% 44% 62 43172 43633 98 6823 12 50% 164 52% 143

43 Williams Baptist College (AR) 47% 43 47% 71 -6% 72 47% 42% 87 40% 35% 76 32481 30307 39 13707 100 63% 52 65% 122

44 University of Texas–Arlington (TX)* 54% 126 56% 93 -3% 42 37% 40% 161 43% 36% 49 46953 47272 86 12282 95 65% 116 58% 9

45 University of North Texas (TX)* 60% 91 60% 66 -2% 36 36% 33% 97 36% 32% 85 43066 45067 131 9005 52 65% 121 64% 85

46 Texas Wesleyan University (TX) 54% 49 47% 22 3% 21 45% 47% 146 45% 40% 74 41093 34680 3 23319 197 51% 154 55% 157

47 St. Mary’s University (TX) 62% 25 60% 56 -11% 108 50% 39% 37 44% 36% 43 46252 48239 136 15898 134 67% 46 61% 22

48 Saint Edward’s University (TX) 67% 12 64% 49 2% 24 34% 27% 69 31% 29% 107 45638 46401 111 17185 150 69% 33 71% 126

49 Northwestern OK State Univ. (OK)* 43% 138 44% 82 -3% 49 34% 48% 205 44% 41% 105 36214 36389 82 6687 10 64% 77 62% 63

50 Jackson State University (MS)* 51% 152 42% 11 -5% 58 65% 51% 22 33% 43% 205 29556 30244 102 13789 122 39% 203 34% 23 48 September/October 2018

BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK SOUTHEAST COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution

1 Washington and Lee University (VA) 88% 22 90% 171 0% 84 10% 12% 175 N/A 12% 61 75624 56614 1 4004 1 93% 24 93% 101

2 Augusta University (GA)* 47% 224 53% 225 -5% 97 43% 38% 99 32% 36% 151 58500 40217 3 10158 49 85% 19 63% 1

3 Georgetown University (DC) 95% 4 90% 63 -2% 61 13% 17% 200 15% 18% 136 87424 66356 2 11813 68 89% 8 85% 43

4 Shorter U. Coll. Adult/Prof. Progs. (GA) 61% 57 39% 4 13% 13 65% 56% 69 42% 47% 170 43974 36970 18 22072 221 48% 194 34% 3

5 Salem College (NC) 56% 163 57% 143 30% 8 56% 32% 1 36% 24% 10 33038 29793 44 13954 69 66% 162 63% 70

6 University of Mount Olive (NC) 56% 40 38% 6 11% 24 51% 56% 203 44% 41% 64 38440 35613 57 12083 54 58% 107 48% 13

7 Warner University (FL) 49% 87 37% 19 9% 28 65% 61% 109 51% 43% 23 41067 34597 24 14850 102 50% 151 42% 21

8 Southern Wesleyan University (SC) 52% 116 49% 82 62% 1 46% 44% 140 45% 40% 48 41109 41594 131 15243 103 50% 184 55% 189

9 Columbia Southern University (AL)° 53% 110 42% 22 -2% 70 30% 30% 148 54% 30% 2 N/A 50418 16 9426 24 55% 152 48% 22

10 Regent University (VA) 49% 212 43% 41 68% 1 48% 36% 27 35% 35% 96 41609 40086 81 16582 167 50% 217 57% 228

11 Bob Jones University (SC) 65% 38 55% 28 -1% 64 40% 31% 75 16% 32% 275 N/A 31659 26 13395 71 87% 5 75% 8

12 Duke University (NC) 95% 3 97% 170 2% 35 14% 14% 158 12% 16% 154 77966 69272 20 8353 25 91% 6 91% 130

13 Trinity Washington University (DC) 44% 176 34% 24 -3% 90 68% 60% 77 55% 52% 74 44803 36707 10 15183 101 40% 224 27% 7

14 Davidson College (NC) 94% 7 87% 27 -3% 121 15% 18% 186 12% 15% 141 57058 53239 35 8762 12 92% 25 89% 58

15 Univ. of South FL–Sarasota-Manatee (FL)* 59% 76 53% 62 N/A 87 42% 35% 85 36% 31% 51 42112 40836 78 4834 3 64% 95 61% 65

16 Amridge University (AL) 49% 146 25% 2 -30% 276 71% 62% 60 57% 52% 45 39431 32782 21 10622 40 41% 219 28% 6

17 Columbia International University (SC) 69% 26 56% 14 15% 11 46% 41% 104 23% 35% 259 30007 30156 122 17485 156 74% 40 69% 41

18 Everest Univ.–Pompano Beach (FL)° 60% 68 26% 1 13% 13 79% 60% 5 60% 49% 17 29261 31259 184 21027 210 17% 277 19% 140

19 American Public Univ. System (WV)° 24% 270 37% 255 10% 22 31% 26% 107 57% 28% 1 N/A 44083 15 10359 36 51% 178 45% 23

20 Mary Baldwin College (VA) 50% 137 51% 146 1% 45 56% 40% 13 39% 39% 104 36820 30552 22 16618 143 63% 101 58% 34

21 University of Florida (FL)* 88% 12 75% 8 -8% 151 30% 23% 72 30% 24% 35 52646 53688 145 7706 22 73% 73 73% 111

22 Oglethorpe University (GA) 52% 188 66% 271 65% 4 38% 26% 35 22% 21% 85 42681 40532 66 17760 162 62% 180 70% 233

23 James Madison University (VA)* 83% 1 71% 17 -10% 191 14% 27% 258 19% 28% 225 54064 46914 17 14499 88 89% 2 85% 57

24 Univ. of South Carolina–Upstate (SC)* 51% 71 46% 73 16% 15 47% 50% 183 37% 38% 119 36514 35443 88 13326 72 57% 109 56% 95

25 University of NC–Chapel Hill (NC)* 90% 9 85% 52 -6% 117 22% 20% 129 20% 21% 116 52688 56267 214 7445 21 86% 17 82% 39

26 Voorhees College (SC) 37% 173 27% 31 7% 30 88% 67% 4 48% 49% 110 25479 24987 103 14971 107 24% 239 21% 81

27 Bluefield College (VA) 53% 53 44% 33 -5% 113 47% 47% 152 47% 40% 30 41922 35010 23 19613 208 62% 77 58% 55

28 University of Richmond (VA) 83% 34 85% 158 4% 54 18% 21% 174 18% 17% 89 61278 55834 27 11673 39 80% 71 84% 185

29 Georgia Inst. of Technology–Main (GA)* 84% 23 88% 201 -4% 83 17% 13% 108 15% 17% 117 75543 72430 56 8916 34 88% 11 88% 116

30 Florida International University (FL)* 64% 117 59% 68 0% 43 55% 40% 8 40% 35% 49 45042 50011 234 11248 60 61% 158 57% 36

31 Virginia Military Institute (VA)* 73% 78 68% 51 -2% 115 14% 33% 274 15% 24% 263 60392 55736 29 8575 11 88% 34 87% 93

32 George Mason University (VA)* 72% 72 70% 103 -1% 59 26% 28% 166 29% 29% 102 58045 53527 34 16180 157 80% 38 75% 24

33 Univ. of Virginia’s College–Wise (VA)* 44% 230 40% 71 -15% 243 39% 47% 237 42% 34% 16 37217 33298 32 9472 14 68% 147 59% 11

34 Keiser University (FL) 61% 59 50% 25 48% 5 68% 45% 2 48% 39% 26 30157 38017 274 26535 258 34% 234 47% 262

35 University of North Florida (FL)* 65% 37 58% 49 0% 47 31% 30% 135 33% 29% 58 42211 42708 132 10070 27 63% 99 66% 158

36 University of NC–Greensboro (NC)* 58% 152 57% 117 -0% 44 45% 41% 110 31% 37% 200 36621 35795 93 9535 43 66% 132 62% 53

37 Citadel: The Military College of SC (SC)* 72% 15 54% 5 -6% 128 24% 31% 218 20% 31% 251 54156 50838 39 15393 110 77% 30 77% 120

38 Elizabeth City State University (NC)* 43% 192 36% 58 -2% 72 72% 58% 28 35% 49% 266 30111 30661 136 2014 2 30% 256 36% 193

39 Bennett College for Women (NC) 46% 103 37% 36 -2% 82 71% 54% 11 41% 44% 148 29405 20616 13 21271 228 34% 220 31% 84

40 University of Virginia–Main (VA)* 94% 5 89% 67 -2% 60 13% 21% 239 17% 21% 172 60159 59794 110 12099 73 88% 13 87% 85

41 Radford University (VA)* 64% 44 57% 59 -6% 127 30% 44% 265 33% 41% 220 42566 40368 61 13873 83 80% 18 73% 19

42 Young Harris College (GA) 44% 233 55% 261 60% 6 38% 49% 256 28% 34% 219 35896 37630 172 15543 100 70% 138 76% 204

43 Embry-Riddle Aero. U.–Dayt. Beach (FL) 58% 81 52% 61 -10% 192 29% 33% 189 37% 32% 50 62179 48017 4 29309 270 74% 37 69% 38

44 Longwood University (VA)* 71% 18 60% 20 -2% 78 24% 42% 273 30% 39% 223 40704 39665 84 15878 120 83% 12 76% 25

45 Clayton State University (GA)* 44% 177 42% 110 3% 38 57% 55% 130 41% 45% 157 38384 37556 91 10811 42 45% 209 42% 67

46 University of South Florida–Main (FL)* 70% 82 62% 23 1% 39 41% 33% 67 36% 31% 37 42112 49372 261 8837 32 64% 142 64% 125

47 Amer. InterCont. Univ.–Atlanta (GA)° 21% 275 23% 165 -11% 200 75% 64% 44 54% 53% 94 41424 31130 6 20480 205 34% 235 20% 4

48 Chowan University (NC) 27% 240 33% 210 -1% 68 71% 69% 131 41% 49% 237 34307 25555 14 15711 131 44% 186 36% 20

49 Argosy University–Atlanta (GA) 34% 259 22% 11 -10% 185 73% 60% 19 50% 48% 81 38332 36911 82 18763 199 40% 244 24% 2

50 Limestone College (SC) 62% 20 45% 7 -1% 69 53% 49% 120 47% 38% 20 36714 35092 76 21950 235 48% 166 45% 75 50 September/October 2018

BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK WESTERN COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution

1 CA State University–Stanislaus (CA)* 65% 59 50% 12 -1% 69 60% 46% 22 57% 42% 10 44740 39413 27 5227 5 69% 108 52% 1

2 CA State University–Bakersfield (CA)* 54% 122 48% 62 -1% 64 62% 48% 21 56% 42% 13 47768 37313 8 5023 4 58% 166 49% 11

3 Heritage University (WA) 53% 128 42% 21 14% 8 76% 58% 12 64% 49% 11 32887 27667 28 10203 41 51% 187 42% 13

4 University of WA–Tacoma (WA)* 75% 18 54% 3 -12% 178 48% 41% 59 32% 39% 195 53903 43107 7 6869 15 81% 19 70% 5

5 Brigham Young University–Provo (UT) 85% 35 71% 4 7% 14 36% 20% 10 12% 22% 210 57599 48279 17 10734 74 86% 21 83% 51

6 CA State University–Los Angeles (CA)* 58% 101 49% 42 -3% 90 67% 55% 26 61% 47% 18 44790 42060 50 2745 2 62% 151 51% 7

7 CA State Univ.–Maritime Academy (CA)* 58% 55 56% 105 -8% 143 32% 29% 80 24% 29% 188 80754 57080 1 10589 40 82% 15 79% 79

8 CA State Univ.–San Bernardino (CA)* 62% 83 47% 13 -6% 132 63% 54% 47 57% 47% 32 45545 38715 19 5315 7 54% 177 49% 42

9 Utah State University (UT)* 59% 150 50% 25 9% 9 36% 28% 38 30% 31% 142 42768 33334 16 11633 80 80% 64 69% 2

10 Trident University International (CA)° 65% 130 50% 5 33% 1 22% 27% 177 49% 30% 3 N/A 60790 73 12971 101 56% 190 49% 15

11 Stanford University (CA) 96% 7 94% 102 -5% 98 16% 16% 111 22% 17% 58 84003 73963 14 3868 6 91% 8 86% 33

12 Brigham Young University–Idaho (ID) 59% 52 50% 36 4% 30 41% 26% 20 22% 30% 204 39789 34022 29 6949 8 80% 18 74% 36

13 Evergreen State College (WA)* 68% 50 51% 8 3% 31 45% 30% 19 30% 32% 160 33326 27361 23 10826 49 66% 124 64% 87

14 CA State Univ.–Dominguez Hills (CA)* 53% 135 49% 82 -1% 68 61% 52% 44 56% 44% 26 43572 41314 61 2126 1 54% 178 48% 40

15 Arizona State–West (AZ)* 68% 49 57% 26 -11% 174 49% 28% 8 37% 30% 51 45400 39011 20 7498 21 64% 141 61% 74

16 CA State University–Sacramento (CA)* 62% 79 57% 64 -6% 116 53% 46% 57 46% 41% 71 47254 42648 31 7030 17 70% 99 66% 49

17 Univ. of California–Merced (CA)* 67% 119 61% 55 -2% 65 61% 44% 9 51% 39% 19 N/A 45990 26 10669 73 66% 163 66% 115

18 University of California–Irvine (CA)* 88% 25 77% 15 -3% 75 45% 35% 29 44% 31% 17 55935 56731 113 10375 66 79% 73 75% 41

19 Chapman Univ.–Academic Centers (CA) 70% 37 42% 1 N/A 121 45% 43% 95 49% 40% 39 N/A 42413 65 13143 83 61% 153 53% 18

20 University of WA Bothell (WA)* 80% 6 63% 7 5% 21 34% 38% 154 32% 36% 182 53903 54652 114 7825 22 81% 19 80% 108

21 CA State University–Northridge (CA)* 63% 72 52% 28 -10% 163 53% 54% 118 50% 45% 72 44184 41579 53 6122 10 65% 130 59% 29

22 University of California–Davis (CA)* 83% 46 77% 51 -6% 113 41% 33% 36 38% 30% 46 57196 54280 59 11457 79 83% 35 76% 17

23 CA State University–Long Beach (CA)* 76% 14 68% 48 -8% 142 50% 41% 42 45% 35% 37 47407 49498 135 7372 18 76% 53 70% 31

24 CA State University–Fresno (CA)* 64% 133 59% 58 -12% 177 57% 54% 76 50% 44% 59 43625 37909 32 4830 11 67% 156 64% 57

25 Claremont McKenna College (CA) 91% 26 91% 112 1% 77 12% 13% 124 N/A 12% 107 69852 61208 15 12429 61 N/A 42 88% 62

26 CA State Univ.–Channel Islands (CA)* 72% 28 54% 6 -17% 204 48% 43% 66 47% 40% 53 45500 43124 57 12031 72 70% 100 59% 6

27 Univ. of California–Los Angeles (CA)* 93% 11 85% 35 -4% 95 35% 27% 40 35% 25% 30 59464 60695 117 9325 47 81% 59 78% 64

28 Northwest Christian University (OR) 61% 89 49% 22 2% 34 51% 43% 54 40% 39% 127 40884 37068 37 16422 115 69% 104 64% 38

29 CA State University–Chico (CA)* 66% 57 56% 33 -9% 153 43% 42% 101 42% 39% 93 45742 42659 46 10731 48 73% 77 64% 14

30 University of Utah (UT)* 76% 81 60% 2 -7% 138 30% 28% 86 28% 30% 156 50578 46253 41 12213 88 79% 74 73% 19

31 Washington State University (WA)* 69% 108 59% 17 -7% 133 34% 38% 161 35% 36% 147 47903 40810 25 12799 97 78% 80 70% 10

32 Central Washington University (WA)* 65% 62 54% 27 -0% 51 36% 40% 162 39% 38% 113 45290 41244 35 11271 58 70% 96 69% 98

33 University of California–San Diego (CA)* 87% 31 82% 63 -3% 79 38% 22% 11 36% 23% 15 59618 64385 167 10039 60 85% 26 80% 28

34 Thomas Aquinas College (CA) 70% 115 72% 145 3% 57 34% 14% 6 N/A 14% 115 40100 30629 12 17028 120 87% 72 87% 106

35 Harvey Mudd College (CA) 90% 29 95% 168 -2% 105 13% 6% 53 N/A 8% 69 77083 63503 3 17128 121 93% 29 95% 136

36 CA State Univ.–Monterey Bay (CA)* 53% 134 58% 161 -1% 67 48% 45% 81 44% 40% 81 42210 41290 88 7922 23 73% 76 63% 8

37 Southern Utah University (UT)* 55% 118 51% 75 -6% 127 37% 33% 71 32% 32% 128 38123 33881 33 12656 78 76% 49 64% 3

38 Fresno Pacific University (CA) 71% 30 56% 11 -13% 186 56% 45% 35 47% 41% 60 40695 38173 54 15320 106 65% 131 60% 48

39 Master’s College and Seminary (CA) 63% 71 59% 72 37% 2 30% 30% 114 23% 31% 200 40105 43832 164 20908 158 84% 13 78% 37

40 Utah Valley University (UT)* 43% 168 45% 132 -9% 161 36% 37% 119 29% 36% 198 43678 34277 10 7376 19 69% 103 65% 53

41 University of California–Riverside (CA)* 73% 96 71% 100 -1% 49 57% 35% 3 44% 33% 27 48423 51147 137 9711 52 71% 138 74% 162

42 Pomona College (CA) 94% 20 91% 91 4% 55 19% 9% 32 23% 10% 7 55057 60713 184 6740 3 85% 87 85% 123

43 University of CA–Santa Barbara (CA)* 83% 47 76% 41 -3% 74 38% 29% 33 39% 27% 22 52702 57341 163 11233 77 77% 86 74% 54

44 Eastern Oregon University (OR)* 46% 161 40% 61 -7% 136 46% 46% 106 45% 43% 103 38678 31719 18 13714 91 62% 152 57% 46

45 CA State University–San Marcos (CA)* 61% 85 58% 85 -6% 123 47% 48% 134 45% 42% 96 45644 44232 81 7433 20 67% 117 67% 112

46 California State Univ.–Fullerton (CA)* 68% 114 69% 119 -7% 128 45% 46% 133 46% 38% 49 45904 47604 124 5404 14 73% 114 69% 39

47 University of Colorado–Denver (CO)* 50% 179 61% 200 6% 16 27% 37% 199 34% 34% 131 64391 50321 6 12434 92 69% 150 69% 110

48 CA Poly. St. U.–San Luis Obispo (CA)* 78% 9 78% 122 -8% 149 19% 21% 132 26% 21% 73 62529 58643 36 13068 81 88% 5 85% 69

49 University of Washington–Seattle (WA)* 85% 34 76% 20 -6% 108 24% 26% 148 32% 26% 68 53903 58087 156 7856 30 81% 58 77% 45

50 CA State Poly. Univ.–Pomona (CA)* 71% 32 66% 74 -5% 109 47% 38% 48 46% 35% 29 52002 57921 190 9883 37 77% 46 71% 35 52 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES *Public institution °For-profit institution

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Predicted rank repaymentResearch rate expendituresBachelor’s rank Science to rank PhD &rank engineeringFaculty awardsFaculty PhDs rank rank in NationalPeace Academies CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

1 Harvard University (MA) 3 35 60 140 41 2 5 168 310 8 10 17 1 4 130 188 22 NO 4

2 Stanford University (CA) 7 128 107 146 55 11 2 16 48 7 6 7 2 2 70 232 18 NO 1

3 MA Institute of Technology (MA) 16 234 177 64 48 7 17 8 89 13 2 10 3 3 270 17 276 NO 0

4 Princeton University (NJ) 1 119 100 100 23 20 3 30 90 67 5 40 6 5 117 106 203 NO 1

5 Yale University (CT) 4 138 28 121 49 22 8 22 87 18 3 39 7 9 134 22 189 NO 0

6 Duke University (NC) 9 202 19 156 218 18 26 15 183 6 12 37 9 15 44 49 215 NO 3

7 University of California–San Diego (CA)* 39 70 82 10 10 268 60 57 37 5 44 21 5 7 77 212 16 NO 3

8 Georgetown University (DC) 10 66 55 227 202 1 95 23 63 92 39 132 140 73 5 134 189 NO 1

9 University of California–Los Angeles (CA)* 21 32 103 43 19 191 42 85 88 9 42 12 21 13 47 147 47 NO 3

10 University of California–Davis (CA)* 53 53 134 38 34 73 89 67 19 24 52 20 65 25 56 210 16 NO 4

11 Texas A&M University–College Station (TX)* 70 30 222 225 93 94 33 55 6 15 111 8 109 63 143 1 10 NO 1

12 Utah State University (UT)* 209 23 8 42 171 14 92 89 4 94 191 128 104 161 242 100 1 NO 0

13 University of Pennsylvania (PA) 5 121 115 163 118 8 44 27 76 11 63 30 11 8 102 203 89 NO 1

14 Columbia Univ. in the City of NY (NY) 15 84 65 51 66 46 13 86 207 17 13 23 19 10 45 231 73 NO 1

15 University of Washington–Seattle (WA)* 43 15 128 203 70 254 21 84 62 3 59 15 20 14 18 90 124 NO 3

16 University of NC–Chapel Hill (NC)* 32 60 125 109 174 244 14 48 58 10 31 28 35 37 10 110 110 NO 4

17 University of Florida (FL)* 36 6 169 54 53 185 19 158 163 23 37 4 73 69 32 95 276 NO 4

18 University of California–Berkeley (CA)* 22 85 92 27 7 274 49 106 206 21 21 2 8 6 55 196 89 NO 1

19 Brown University (RI) 2 56 77 126 112 253 29 12 15 59 7 81 10 35 30 252 295 NO 4

20 University of California–Irvine (CA)* 37 11 71 32 12 182 69 102 56 60 88 35 25 32 115 216 59 NO 1

21 Brigham Young University–Provo (UT) 45 4 10 8 298 15 79 43 69 175 38 134 171 148 218 97 306 NO 0

22 University of Wisconsin–Madison (WI)* 48 63 180 223 214 231 130 34 30 4 35 3 30 21 15 121 215 NO 4

23 Dartmouth College (NH) 8 92 27 151 194 70 35 10 83 86 8 125 29 34 41 198 98 NO 1

24 CA State University–Fresno (CA)* 165 64 229 98 57 38 4 203 79 237 243 274 198 161 201 124 2 NO 1

25 University of Michigan–Ann Arbor (MI)* 26 105 165 188 189 215 12 88 276 2 29 1 36 26 27 151 246 NO 4

26 University of Illinois at Chicago (IL)* 154 91 38 4 24 84 84 147 68 58 163 51 84 91 149 177 303 NO 4

27 University of Notre Dame (IN) 6 113 84 150 241 77 113 2 65 89 24 83 33 103 48 9 36 NO 1

28 University of California–Riverside (CA)* 106 127 42 3 18 229 51 177 250 112 146 66 40 60 88 253 3 NO 1

29 University of Utah (UT)* 92 3 163 106 187 54 105 105 22 45 124 46 72 55 151 153 124 NO 3

OVERALL SCORE: Overall score represents the combined score of our three metrics—social mobility, research, and service—with each metric being weighted equally. SOCIAL MOBILITY: The first column ranks the college by the percentage of all students graduating within eight years, and the second column ranks based on the predicted rate of graduation (based on incoming ACT/SAT scores, Pell Grant percentages, and other measures; see our full methodology on page 109). The third column ranks colleges based on the difference in six-year graduation rates between Pell Grant recipients and those who did not receive a Pell Grant. The fourth and fifth columns rank the difference between the actual and predicted percentages of Pell Grant recipients and first-generation students based on ACT/SAT scores and the percentage of students admitted. The sixth column ranks colleges based on the difference between actual and predicted earnings of all students (dropouts and graduates) ten years after starting college, after controlling for student demographics and majors, living costs, and other factors. The seventh column ranks by the net price of attending that institution, or the average price that first-time, full-time students who have a family income below $75,000 per year and receive financial aid pay for college after subtracting grants and scholarships. The final two columns rank colleges based on the actual and predicted performance of the percentage of students who repaid at least $1 in principal on their loans within five years of entering repayment. RESEARCH: The first column ranks total research expenditures. The second shows the college’s ranking in the number of bachelor’s recipients who go on to receive PhDs, relative to college size. The third ranks the college by the number of science and engineering PhDs awarded. The fourth column shows the college’s ranking by the number of faculty receiving prestigious awards, relative to the number of full-time faculty. The fifth column ranks the college by the number of faculty who are members of the National Academies, relative to the number of full-time faculty. SERVICE: The first column ranks the college by the number of alumni who go on to serve in the Peace Corps, relative to college size. The second column ranks the college by the percentage of students who serve in ROTC. The third ranks based on the percentage of funds in federal work-study money that goes to community service (versus non-community service). The fourth category reflects whether a college matches AmeriCorps service grants for undergraduate students in all fields of study (yes), at least one (some), or none (no). The final category includes measures of a college’s voting engagement, and colleges can score between zero and four points in this category.

74 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

30 Augusta University (GA)* 285 265 109 72 217 4 63 52 1 143 303 274 242 161 293 286 116 NO 0

31 Cornell University (NY) 12 190 35 183 229 76 165 25 171 12 11 18 26 20 33 143 103 NO 1

32 University of IL–Urbana-Champaign (IL)* 40 40 90 79 103 109 91 70 82 31 47 8 31 36 87 115 134 NO 1

33 Northwestern University (IL) 11 171 34 142 184 177 118 18 158 27 25 31 15 27 54 220 153 NO 4

34 Rutgers University–Newark (NJ)* 130 24 44 31 240 34 59 142 49 198 214 165 67 98 276 229 43 NO 2

35 Washington State University (WA)* 134 14 153 222 177 29 128 112 8 62 173 63 134 86 122 56 228 NO 3

36 Michigan Technological University (MI)* 149 149 154 53 195 92 68 53 106 140 45 142 22 112 90 5 116 NO 4

37 Purdue University–Main (IN)* 120 225 192 288 269 91 24 65 55 35 67 4 51 48 132 21 43 NO 4

38 University of Chicago (IL) 17 257 104 141 172 273 10 19 205 49 4 48 16 16 19 224 40 NO 3

39 Univ. of California–Merced (CA)* 152 61 63 7 13 30 74 209 169 189 264 194 62 161 139 286 40 NO 1

40 University of Virginia–Main (VA)* 13 68 54 276 238 140 102 33 128 54 28 55 46 40 11 32 84 NO 1

41 Syracuse University (NY) 66 57 61 245 287 16 248 46 16 138 110 119 78 107 57 125 13 YES 1

42 Georgia Institute of Technology–Main (GA)* 49 238 91 84 180 72 36 32 172 22 41 16 18 29 125 60 246 NO 1

43 SUNY at Albany (NY)* 144 132 48 116 253 36 138 122 31 117 127 107 105 108 176 214 22 NO 4

44 Vanderbilt University (TN) 19 195 96 103 200 171 11 35 196 28 27 52 28 24 73 114 29 NO 1

45 University of CA–Santa Barbara (CA)* 54 39 69 34 14 263 85 120 72 79 61 49 34 11 34 211 89 NO 1

46 Tufts University (MA) 20 184 62 186 211 162 99 4 101 96 19 110 69 53 16 206 189 NO 4

47 Michigan State University (MI)* 69 13 246 197 247 71 81 110 100 36 77 27 87 84 83 156 176 NO 4

48 VA Polytechnic Inst. & State Univ. (VA)* 50 42 136 237 271 57 188 59 170 38 64 26 156 79 75 2 167 NO 0

49 University of MD–College Park (MD)* 60 174 101 160 156 158 70 72 103 37 299 148 119 68 43 99 49 NO 4

50 George Washington University (DC) 71 233 16 273 282 47 268 44 130 76 70 97 53 74 4 45 103 NO 4

51 Trident University International (CA)° 162 5 3 251 4 90 134 270 17 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

52 National Louis University (IL) 145 2 15 61 78 42 163 286 43 280 289 261 260 161 133 286 112 NO 0

53 University of Rochester (NY) 41 102 5 125 198 282 196 54 126 57 16 78 39 18 40 108 167 NO 1

54 Union Institute & University (OH) 127 1 7 280 31 43 267 238 3 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 YES 0

55 Rutgers University–New Brunswick (NJ)* 63 67 112 66 47 212 175 142 208 30 81 34 88 56 154 146 43 NO 4

56 Emory University (GA) 25 98 86 105 183 227 202 45 132 34 30 87 14 31 6 247 103 NO 1

57 Indiana University–Bloomington (IN)* 77 25 243 274 232 100 32 108 129 41 135 53 55 94 103 178 49 NO 4

58 Arizona State University (AZ)* 164 95 179 60 25 172 37 220 234 43 134 38 82 57 96 89 66 NO 4

59 George Mason University (VA)* 110 125 51 171 151 52 201 91 40 122 204 72 175 143 69 117 239 NO 4

60 University of Southern California (CA) 27 114 47 99 101 67 216 60 146 26 90 29 45 38 111 129 207 NO 1

61 University of Minnesota–Twin Cities (MN)* 76 90 215 185 228 285 66 103 188 14 79 11 24 39 28 139 89 NO 4

62 Johns Hopkins University (MD) 18 241 26 196 234 243 151 63 297 1 15 21 17 12 22 138 186 NO 1

63 Washington University in St Louis (MO) 14 232 59 252 267 228 125 29 265 25 23 60 12 17 68 162 124 NO 4

64 College of William and Mary (VA)* 30 148 155 238 270 272 9 20 134 152 20 196 50 161 2 122 228 NO 1

65 Boston College (MA) 28 134 43 230 248 41 177 13 74 164 54 152 61 102 36 104 228 NO 1

66 Illinois Institute of Technology (IL) 146 213 126 39 35 50 210 49 5 182 50 139 174 67 278 46 14 NO 0

67 North Carolina State Univ.–Raleigh (NC)* 88 122 123 199 265 300 55 78 139 42 65 24 79 62 51 23 73 NO 4

68 SUNY–Binghamton (NY)* 65 117 64 52 107 81 148 99 187 135 68 121 93 138 93 237 276 NO 4

69 University of Connecticut (CT)* 59 79 175 250 155 137 176 51 28 71 89 47 113 158 126 140 53 NO 3

70 University of Nevada–Reno (NV)* 158 77 20 211 64 154 129 155 60 130 181 129 116 104 170 107 268 NO 4

71 University of Wyoming (WY)* 211 180 252 161 131 59 45 90 26 139 113 137 125 123 100 14 18 NO 1

72 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (NY) 52 168 182 102 250 23 297 3 71 123 26 104 27 41 166 4 189 NO 2

73 Villanova University (PA) 33 86 14 258 277 10 276 9 61 223 73 243 241 140 105 6 207 NO 0

74 Iowa State University (IA)* 131 139 209 219 279 143 80 83 137 64 128 42 112 90 207 70 4 NO 1

75 University of Texas–Austin (TX)* 67 219 233 110 97 256 143 81 140 32 55 6 74 30 85 165 73 NO 4

76 MO Univ. of Science & Technology (MO)* 137 88 298 28 108 45 106 47 27 176 84 123 126 115 233 8 159 NO 1

77 Rice University (TX) 24 255 116 88 166 299 18 14 181 109 9 85 43 19 39 182 258 NO 3

76 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

78 University of Central Florida (FL)* 105 21 122 47 58 276 124 195 66 85 227 75 115 156 175 118 200 NO 4

79 Univ. of TX–Rio Grande Valley (TX)* 258 245 105 15 9 99 1 251 51 214 284 270 260 161 286 176 176 NO 0

80 University of Delaware (DE)* 82 143 204 300 284 63 101 62 98 93 87 67 52 76 94 128 159 NO 4

81 University of Georgia (GA)* 46 38 113 201 266 141 76 150 294 53 83 41 129 117 78 150 124 NO 3

82 Florida State University (FL)* 68 9 150 44 100 275 142 171 162 72 96 61 143 96 104 73 207 NO 3

83 Lehigh University (PA) 34 116 144 289 278 9 233 7 57 177 34 125 71 49 161 164 112 NO 0

84 Regent University (VA) 277 47 1 25 141 101 208 292 291 280 293 251 260 161 293 218 306 NO 0

85 University of California–Santa Cruz (CA)* 74 27 41 13 26 313 112 114 84 103 57 101 44 43 23 274 147 NO 1

86 Wake Forest University (NC) 35 162 108 294 286 61 164 11 67 95 33 167 48 61 31 75 290 NO 1

87 Montclair State University (NJ)* 126 29 88 281 188 19 245 176 38 247 256 255 207 161 271 260 153 NO 4

88 Florida International University (FL)* 167 69 33 9 75 270 86 242 53 101 261 105 85 152 192 225 15 NO 0

89 Sam Houston State University (TX)* 197 34 189 174 92 48 87 215 14 253 277 229 256 161 274 172 49 NO 1

90 University of NC–Greensboro (NC)* 216 141 37 91 264 122 46 211 77 204 189 171 147 161 220 241 246 NO 4

91 Colorado State Univ.–Fort Collins (CO)* 153 181 130 166 223 240 111 129 179 63 120 69 86 85 21 51 134 NO 4

92 California State Univ.–Fullerton (CA)* 139 165 148 173 42 202 6 153 52 244 270 274 230 154 156 202 49 NO 1

93 Illinois State University (IL)* 96 19 238 189 162 33 192 92 12 225 202 237 205 161 137 168 89 NO 1

94 Argosy University–Chicago (IL) 306 12 11 6 105 155 217 302 7 280 303 274 260 161 8 286 276 NO 0

95 University of South Florida–Main (FL)* 122 28 25 50 60 294 34 222 176 40 149 70 75 92 59 65 290 NO 0

96 Penn State–Main (PA)* 38 10 184 307 122 245 271 124 125 20 66 14 101 71 84 35 134 NO 4

97 University of Colorado–Denver (CO)* 272 303 12 292 153 6 114 191 165 47 258 120 97 52 222 249 295 NO 1

98 Suffolk University (MA) 205 169 4 295 246 64 294 139 80 266 269 235 246 161 190 281 39 NO 4

99 Indiana State University (IN)* 289 207 18 217 197 62 56 235 116 265 281 238 260 161 256 126 27 NO 2

100 Tennessee State University (TN)* 283 43 120 35 210 115 58 308 131 208 257 225 206 161 238 174 84 NO 4

101 Howard University (DC) 190 135 2 33 297 248 287 299 180 172 62 138 178 65 13 31 73 NO 0

102 University of Iowa (IA)* 112 106 272 218 226 68 83 104 111 44 85 50 59 45 65 170 66 NO 1

103 Brandeis University (MA) 29 52 50 93 230 281 209 41 141 137 14 141 13 28 53 273 116 NO 1

104 Stony Brook University (NY)* 119 266 32 45 33 293 75 130 185 81 121 54 49 54 180 246 147 NO 4

105 Ohio State University–Main (OH)* 58 33 187 107 52 311 126 188 268 19 106 13 56 50 79 101 116 NO 4

106 University of Texas–El Paso (TX)* 275 196 206 16 127 78 7 259 191 132 154 157 193 161 231 154 89 NO 1

107 University of Texas–Arlington (TX)* 242 194 76 193 43 160 109 214 13 134 244 95 194 124 257 183 246 NO 4

108 Univ. of North Carolina–Charlotte (NC)* 220 204 143 73 239 234 53 170 94 195 255 135 121 161 155 91 134 NO 4

109 Clarkson University (NY) 99 82 247 135 304 24 260 26 123 226 48 205 32 161 124 3 302 NO 0

110 Carnegie Mellon University (PA) 31 277 145 114 268 27 261 6 238 70 17 45 41 22 240 189 27 NO 1

111 California Institute of Technology (CA) 23 281 194 71 90 315 16 1 266 55 1 79 4 1 293 286 276 NO 0

112 University of Idaho (ID)* 206 65 141 122 181 159 116 180 168 126 112 146 167 161 66 33 110 NO 1

113 East Carolina University (NC)* 194 167 161 213 273 132 107 172 95 193 236 185 255 161 171 87 116 NO 4

114 University of Arizona (AZ)* 183 200 221 119 158 105 161 165 148 33 80 33 91 44 116 92 124 NO 1

115 Jackson State University (MS)* 263 18 118 21 296 179 154 307 46 197 155 215 260 161 293 13 84 NO 1

116 University of the Pacific (CA) 104 229 56 48 80 5 298 119 283 254 138 252 252 161 101 283 228 YES 0

117 University of Missouri–Columbia (MO)* 128 158 266 184 236 153 152 132 201 74 104 65 128 88 98 78 5 NO 1

118 Case Western Reserve University (OH) 57 268 58 69 225 133 247 42 256 50 18 84 38 33 24 221 78 NO 1

119 Worcester Polytechnic Institute (MA) 42 76 164 202 262 21 310 5 36 180 43 190 145 110 129 10 124 NO 0

120 San Diego State University (CA)* 97 97 132 212 67 242 57 178 145 128 205 250 144 161 89 130 47 NO 0

121 Old Dominion University (VA)* 225 73 45 181 201 127 121 243 107 145 213 133 181 161 213 27 215 NO 1

122 Temple University (PA)* 113 50 129 191 206 119 220 133 50 78 220 102 117 128 127 152 59 NO 0

123 University of Maine (ME)* 195 96 220 127 258 218 159 113 115 133 105 164 188 130 119 74 207 NO 4

124 Texas Woman’s University (TX)* 265 188 274 145 120 17 15 230 23 259 217 160 260 161 210 256 228 NO 0

125 Boston University (MA) 44 192 36 296 272 126 279 37 59 52 51 44 47 59 37 142 142 NO 1

78 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

126 University of San Diego (CA) 84 206 53 278 209 251 291 71 135 250 125 216 201 161 9 7 103 NO 4

127 University of Oklahoma–Norman (OK)* 150 83 278 132 84 58 167 136 86 252 99 86 133 157 147 42 207 NO 1

128 University of Mass.–Dartmouth (MA)* 260 236 73 134 137 193 139 173 45 192 184 224 138 161 273 264 7 NO 1

129 Clark University (MA) 79 104 78 260 285 302 232 28 25 243 32 211 60 47 17 268 258 YES 2

130 Colorado School of Mines (CO)* 83 214 157 168 193 60 258 24 119 155 36 111 57 58 95 29 66 NO 0

131 University of Vermont (VT)* 90 133 159 277 311 292 131 31 105 119 116 149 54 105 14 131 186 YES 1

132 University of New Mexico–Main (NM)* 219 176 106 214 79 246 71 248 230 77 118 92 70 101 97 48 73 NO 1

133 Oregon State University (OR)* 155 26 235 158 133 208 207 131 47 75 165 80 127 106 74 63 246 NO 1

134 Georgia State University (GA)* 192 45 49 23 204 209 158 288 231 106 239 116 155 161 153 190 227 NO 2

135 University of North Texas (TX)* 199 156 67 90 77 214 38 217 159 173 216 106 150 132 197 180 239 NO 1

136 Rowan University (NJ)* 116 22 172 226 99 31 222 141 41 235 266 263 217 135 225 209 295 NO 0

137 San Francisco State University (CA)* 176 185 39 190 83 186 67 206 227 188 229 274 212 161 109 258 84 NO 1

138 Univ. of Massachusetts–Boston (MA)* 248 209 24 70 54 239 50 225 108 147 249 190 96 141 196 270 100 NO 1

139 LA State Univ./Agri. & Mech.l Coll. (LA)* 138 189 259 216 126 86 40 140 114 68 133 59 172 129 178 123 116 NO 0

140 Edgewood College (WI) 156 46 162 177 205 207 242 96 39 280 282 274 260 161 81 255 215 NO 4

141 University of La Verne (CA) 151 59 87 148 29 152 213 250 173 280 268 274 260 161 204 254 53 NO 2

142 University of Northern Colorado (CO)* 254 289 140 221 152 80 212 146 42 251 219 207 253 161 112 155 43 NO 3

143 Oklahoma State University–Main (OK)* 180 71 256 176 163 136 82 166 149 107 141 90 170 119 185 86 33 NO 0

144 University at Buffalo (NY)* 108 101 146 131 191 151 140 156 224 51 91 57 83 81 179 240 246 NO 1

145 Florida Atlantic University (FL)* 212 111 22 155 106 232 90 244 99 201 225 163 203 120 208 233 124 NO 1

146 University of Nebraska–Lincoln (NE)* 136 172 261 270 255 190 150 93 136 69 98 77 158 139 128 149 153 NO 4

147 New York University (NY) 51 226 70 82 128 183 303 76 161 29 69 43 66 46 169 266 9 NO 1

148 Duquesne University (PA) 81 48 80 286 305 25 252 56 96 218 137 196 229 133 152 133 176 NO 0

149 Mercer University (GA) 172 124 223 18 71 129 234 262 222 184 115 253 243 161 76 79 78 NO 3

150 Middle Tennessee State University (TN)* 252 164 99 80 121 121 64 263 193 248 238 243 251 161 209 157 124 NO 1

151 University of MA–Amherst (MA)* 93 159 160 153 235 269 117 97 209 87 97 62 42 83 52 173 147 NO 1

152 University of Nebraska–Omaha (NE)* 255 251 142 178 129 93 73 184 121 232 237 241 215 161 205 112 134 NO 1

153 University of Colorado–Boulder (CO)* 123 235 178 167 213 284 215 121 259 48 72 36 68 51 29 44 228 NO 4

154 University of Oregon (OR)* 121 54 135 262 231 184 136 185 249 131 300 125 99 78 20 175 228 NO 1

155 IN Univ./Purdue Univ.–Indianapolis (IN)* 279 249 224 254 146 96 52 249 228 108 271 161 163 89 254 166 112 NO 4

156 FL Agricultural & Mechanical Univ. (FL)* 268 87 176 26 196 250 94 300 9 169 95 243 225 161 118 38 258 NO 0

157 Yeshiva University (NY) 73 72 29 204 312 166 277 39 246 82 93 142 23 23 293 286 6 NO 0

158 Prairie View A&M University (TX)* 296 145 68 49 306 224 43 309 156 227 245 262 239 161 182 19 176 NO 1

159 University of New Hampshire–Main (NH)* 86 37 166 285 309 205 239 40 64 110 102 154 114 161 64 52 268 NO 1

160 Cardinal Stritch University (WI) 232 44 214 113 17 37 204 247 32 280 286 268 260 161 217 286 258 NO 0

161 University of Tennessee (TN)* 132 112 269 36 134 267 166 157 221 73 101 56 106 109 121 59 268 NO 3

162 West Virginia University (WV)* 201 182 208 229 116 142 31 194 237 98 158 93 100 147 135 62 290 NO 1

163 University of Hawaii–Manoa (HI)* 185 263 85 207 140 307 72 125 124 65 147 96 108 77 80 47 153 NO 1

164 Montana State University (MT)* 253 297 151 120 219 279 189 94 85 120 153 171 154 161 71 25 33 YES 1

165 Portland State University (OR)* 230 41 117 87 104 149 145 223 178 159 265 165 148 151 60 257 268 NO 0

166 American University (DC) 64 199 173 304 308 110 305 68 192 154 100 183 120 161 1 103 8 NO 0

167 University of Montana (MT)* 276 187 190 56 161 225 104 208 253 149 140 181 162 161 12 199 167 YES 0

168 Texas A&M University–Commerce (TX)* 200 17 213 248 150 113 20 293 284 255 274 260 153 161 283 279 59 NO 1

169 University of Louisville (KY)* 235 256 138 97 73 257 133 201 195 91 164 112 130 126 219 88 176 NO 4

170 Ball State University (IN)* 191 198 149 195 203 79 93 181 186 230 208 228 197 161 168 185 167 NO 1

171 University of San Francisco (CA) 111 230 17 240 186 123 289 128 210 260 177 269 218 161 49 81 246 NO 4

172 East Tennessee State University (TN)* 267 123 291 40 32 194 160 258 244 238 200 216 234 161 198 127 29 NO 4

173 University of Nevada–Las Vegas (NV)* 270 275 97 206 63 106 62 256 239 166 218 153 258 159 216 136 12 NO 0

80 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

174 Pepperdine University (CA) 47 81 21 297 275 49 281 82 212 256 94 274 213 161 92 238 78 NO 1

175 University of West Florida (FL)* 202 103 83 169 98 308 47 234 175 186 170 266 233 161 138 15 66 NO 0

176 Texas State Univ.–San Marcos (TX)* 171 152 79 236 149 130 88 205 155 168 259 216 237 161 224 171 215 NO 0

177 Seattle Pacific University (WA) 94 36 114 101 261 264 264 36 18 270 92 249 260 161 26 192 124 NO 0

178 North Dakota State University–Main (ND)* 214 279 216 271 307 167 123 50 78 102 150 124 95 161 246 84 164 NO 3

179 Argosy University–Atlanta (GA) 308 8 207 20 115 104 236 302 2 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 276 NO 0

180 University of Kentucky (KY)* 184 237 271 139 154 144 147 169 203 61 142 58 76 125 160 53 72 NO 1

181 University of Texas–San Antonio (TX)* 293 313 52 68 95 135 61 245 242 163 254 147 164 160 226 36 176 NO 2

182 Capella University (MN)° 315 300 285 17 8 3 190 298 33 280 303 274 260 161 287 286 305 NO 0

183 New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJ)* 177 246 200 29 36 150 169 127 151 118 215 159 169 100 289 204 258 NO 1

184 Arizona State–Downtown Phoenix (AZ)* 207 150 268 30 65 55 54 220 225 280 298 274 260 161 293 286 66 NO 0

185 University of Missouri–St. Louis (MO)* 241 108 264 215 56 199 48 236 110 222 242 193 226 127 253 248 276 NO 4

186 Azusa Pacific University (CA) 135 110 72 256 164 82 284 126 29 241 194 263 177 161 63 116 228 NO 0

187 University of Pittsburgh–Pittsburgh (PA)* 56 94 199 247 175 286 280 98 204 16 56 32 37 42 46 43 134 NO 1

188 Southern IL University–Carbondale (IL)* 240 144 257 62 169 35 178 241 216 157 126 109 199 161 164 94 268 NO 0

189 University of Alabama at Birmingham (AL)* 218 131 121 77 89 277 171 257 199 39 156 91 195 64 123 61 78 NO 0

190 University of MD–Baltimore County (MD)* 174 306 81 95 124 265 186 137 197 141 22 19 122 161 136 161 176 NO 1

191 Clemson University (SC)* 62 107 244 228 263 278 155 66 160 97 78 74 149 131 99 18 207 NO 0

192 Western Michigan University (MI)* 198 55 290 112 259 39 162 196 184 210 169 150 232 161 200 83 268 NO 0

193 University of Rhode Island (RI)* 193 261 185 284 291 85 179 134 211 127 167 136 151 113 91 184 239 YES 1

194 Univ. of South Carolina–Columbia (SC)* 100 147 205 152 224 289 187 159 263 88 172 71 107 145 131 58 203 NO 4

195 North Carolina A&T State University (NC)* 269 89 131 65 313 247 39 313 281 179 175 199 221 161 247 41 167 NO 3

196 Seton Hall University (NJ) 148 221 239 129 143 44 265 123 91 242 226 221 64 161 114 96 246 NO 1

197 Texas Tech University (TX)* 169 258 225 259 176 97 122 138 97 99 179 82 89 111 245 120 228 NO 0

198 University of Kansas (KS)* 189 248 299 138 220 108 200 145 220 66 74 68 63 99 113 69 276 NO 3

199 Pace University–New York (NY) 208 218 31 182 199 13 288 154 93 249 287 273 216 161 194 277 142 NO 0

200 University of St. Thomas (MN) 102 161 171 149 288 164 274 38 147 269 143 274 223 161 107 16 176 NO 2

201 Marquette University (WI) 75 100 293 242 252 51 272 61 153 194 75 179 123 161 50 11 246 NO 0

202 Virginia Commonwealth University (VA)* 166 208 89 187 222 217 221 232 300 84 197 103 92 93 110 215 100 NO 4

203 Bowling Green State Univ.–Main (OH)* 217 217 297 283 216 32 205 219 275 231 151 178 190 161 145 67 246 NO 4

204 Stevens Institute of Technology (NJ) 55 173 230 124 160 12 283 17 138 181 131 177 135 70 251 250 304 NO 0

205 Indiana University of Penn.–Main (PA)* 231 115 245 241 244 65 194 163 54 268 161 235 260 161 215 82 295 NO 0

206 University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (WI)* 271 269 242 111 165 111 172 174 102 151 187 108 176 150 158 222 66 NO 1

207 Valdosta State University (GA)* 288 286 198 162 290 66 144 283 269 273 247 274 249 161 230 39 116 NO 3

208 Auburn University (AL)* 101 137 234 220 251 203 226 118 217 111 109 76 211 153 212 12 124 NO 1

209 University of Texas at Dallas (TX)* 114 215 94 11 37 310 65 175 298 124 166 100 94 80 232 262 36 NO 0

210 University of Alaska–Fairbanks (AK)* 303 120 294 302 40 146 25 260 127 105 260 180 124 122 186 205 21 NO 1

211 Northern Arizona University (AZ)* 223 130 250 130 96 131 115 255 274 178 232 222 196 161 108 98 276 NO 1

212 Miami University–Oxford (OH)* 78 75 212 253 59 235 231 212 313 215 71 187 227 161 38 105 207 NO 4

213 Northern Illinois University (IL)* 196 151 302 144 167 128 218 164 20 212 201 175 160 161 181 137 142 NO 0

214 Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi (TX)* 282 307 218 243 130 180 168 231 214 202 198 258 260 161 291 34 42 NO 3

215 University of Memphis (TN)* 278 212 75 117 139 178 97 297 301 165 211 155 222 161 228 68 112 NO 1

216 Saint Louis University–Main (MO) 141 222 219 268 168 169 290 111 104 171 152 151 103 144 106 160 59 NO 4

217 University of Dayton (OH) 87 191 183 306 314 120 282 21 113 125 122 219 260 161 62 50 239 YES 1

218 Ashland University (OH) 234 203 158 298 114 69 240 144 10 280 190 274 185 161 284 286 215 NO 1

219 University of Denver (CO) 89 155 30 147 179 261 253 109 229 211 160 210 184 161 25 213 147 NO 1

220 Adelphi University (NY) 142 140 174 170 113 112 292 152 122 277 195 214 173 161 223 276 18 NO 1

221 Tennessee Technological Univ. (TN)* 226 142 306 85 30 161 110 189 118 229 174 239 260 161 241 77 215 NO 0

82 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

222 Univ. of Mgmt. and Technology (VA)° 98 179 9 312 2 75 170 240 279 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

223 Kansas State University (KS)* 203 216 287 175 242 200 174 115 117 90 145 98 191 155 144 55 189 NO 1

224 University of North Dakota (ND)* 239 294 211 290 301 98 146 69 73 144 183 181 159 161 214 40 116 NO 0

225 Oakland University (MI)* 244 223 251 180 110 168 41 264 305 217 250 204 240 161 174 278 215 NO 4

226 Drexel University (PA) 163 253 283 208 111 26 313 79 11 114 162 94 139 87 280 132 147 NO 2

227 University of South Dakota (SD)* 245 224 232 269 256 124 184 148 133 190 206 209 131 161 189 187 59 NO 1

228 University of Houston (TX)* 246 311 133 63 20 238 100 197 164 104 231 64 118 72 268 197 215 NO 0

229 Central Michigan University (MI)* 210 160 286 172 212 102 108 216 271 224 196 219 259 161 173 191 189 NO 2

230 Loyola University–Chicago (IL) 103 170 186 76 159 219 306 80 70 167 107 170 260 161 42 109 53 NO 0

231 Cleveland State University (OH)* 249 58 311 59 51 148 193 280 251 146 234 200 219 161 266 251 276 NO 4

232 Northeastern University (MA) 61 267 110 118 81 303 219 73 166 116 119 89 58 118 67 179 258 NO 1

233 Kennesaw State University (GA)* 264 276 127 96 233 233 197 239 235 246 294 263 224 161 229 208 134 NO 4

234 DePaul University (IL) 129 62 156 58 117 74 293 198 257 236 199 225 186 161 82 234 164 NO 0

235 University of Southern Mississippi (MS)* 236 154 308 37 207 156 96 265 190 162 103 173 202 161 272 66 176 NO 0

236 Saint John Fisher College (NY) 107 49 170 267 281 204 246 107 198 280 159 274 260 161 159 228 89 NO 1

237 Texas A&M University–Kingsville (TX)* 280 283 147 78 27 230 77 287 289 207 285 258 247 161 282 158 84 NO 1

238 Rochester Institute of Technology (NY) 133 197 195 81 254 114 269 101 219 174 114 200 182 161 263 54 189 NO 1

239 Ohio University–Main (OH)* 140 20 254 246 44 223 223 246 255 153 148 145 152 161 165 113 167 NO 1

240 University of Louisiana at Lafayette (LA)* 243 260 241 261 62 197 28 233 112 136 248 213 192 161 255 227 186 NO 0

241 Wilmington University (DE) 274 51 301 287 15 125 180 289 34 280 302 274 260 161 285 259 25 NO 0

242 University of Mississippi (MS)* 160 166 275 136 215 210 119 202 277 121 224 157 238 161 188 37 228 NO 1

243 Mississippi State University (MS)* 181 205 309 104 245 236 173 190 194 80 144 113 208 137 264 64 29 NO 1

244 University of West Georgia (GA)* 286 262 98 179 283 134 157 284 218 267 275 274 248 161 269 275 98 NO 1

245 University of Massachusetts–Lowell (MA)* 213 273 124 200 102 301 137 179 223 142 241 142 165 161 252 144 36 NO 1

246 Wright State University–Main (OH)* 291 239 292 86 82 175 141 227 144 160 180 183 236 136 193 85 159 NO 0

247 New Mexico State University–Main (NM)* 256 280 228 205 46 283 30 275 293 115 130 139 146 161 146 71 59 NO 0

248 Benedictine University (IL) 161 93 210 143 125 118 224 193 261 279 235 272 260 161 293 271 153 NO 0

249 University of the Cumberlands (KY) 305 301 13 157 16 260 199 228 75 280 273 274 260 161 293 286 100 NO 0

250 South Dakota State University (SD)* 229 228 217 263 292 189 225 75 44 156 223 162 228 161 162 80 276 NO 0

251 Wichita State University (KS)* 251 178 265 41 50 198 183 229 243 150 212 189 260 161 277 286 89 NO 1

252 University of Miami (FL) 72 254 139 234 185 290 299 100 177 56 60 99 81 66 58 223 258 NO 3

253 University of Arkansas (AR)* 168 259 280 235 145 226 127 183 252 113 168 118 179 114 177 111 167 NO 1

254 University of Cincinnati–Main (OH)* 178 153 167 128 38 291 238 226 270 46 182 73 77 82 183 135 78 NO 0

255 Florida Institute of Technology (FL) 221 183 95 279 6 147 296 269 248 220 58 185 260 75 260 20 239 NO 1

256 Fordham University (NY) 85 231 102 224 243 221 301 87 226 206 123 176 80 134 35 102 159 NO 0

257 Georgia Southern University (GA)* 227 252 202 94 276 206 185 261 295 216 283 270 257 161 249 93 142 NO 2

258 American International College (MA) 259 129 203 231 249 116 243 272 240 280 291 274 260 161 140 242 215 NO 1

259 Trevecca Nazarene University (TN) 233 99 262 194 138 271 195 199 143 280 288 274 260 161 86 261 103 NO 0

260 Trinity International University–Illinois (IL) 262 136 168 22 123 259 230 210 202 280 82 274 260 161 293 286 164 NO 0

261 Wayne State University (MI)* 299 278 296 19 68 165 78 296 315 83 171 88 102 121 248 269 215 NO 3

262 St. John’s University–New York (NY) 187 250 181 272 208 56 285 187 182 261 279 196 245 161 172 201 53 NO 0

263 University of Missouri–Kansas City (MO)* 228 220 267 164 91 222 181 237 245 191 221 168 209 161 72 235 176 NO 1

264 University of Louisiana–Monroe (LA)* 298 298 248 133 74 196 22 277 233 263 233 225 260 161 275 267 59 NO 0

265 University of Phoenix–Arizona (AZ)° 311 315 23 1 1 87 206 314 306 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

266 Robert Morris University (PA) 159 31 237 266 227 213 251 167 189 280 296 274 260 161 293 193 53 NO 0

267 Alliant International University (CA) 91 7 6 315 86 295 228 271 302 274 303 194 187 161 234 286 200 NO 0

268 Clark Atlanta University (GA) 294 118 111 5 310 88 316 310 81 233 139 248 260 161 157 169 246 NO 1

269 Barry University (FL) 247 157 227 232 173 170 254 285 157 271 132 257 250 161 211 265 142 NO 1

84 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES

270 Widener University–Main (PA) 237 274 284 308 170 95 286 160 92 276 222 230 136 161 235 24 11 NO 0

271 Kent State University–Kent (OH)* 215 78 305 154 28 173 211 267 241 183 230 122 204 149 202 141 268 NO 0

272 University of South Alabama (AL)* 292 292 253 74 132 192 135 290 307 170 188 231 142 161 265 76 25 NO 0

273 Morgan State University (MD)* 300 227 191 83 289 139 182 315 292 221 157 233 168 161 293 26 153 NO 0

274 Southern Methodist University (TX) 80 247 66 165 178 237 263 95 260 185 117 168 157 97 142 244 258 NO 0

275 Baylor University (TX) 109 295 263 249 237 249 309 116 247 199 76 173 235 161 148 28 53 NO 4

276 Louisiana Tech University (LA)* 257 299 277 303 147 252 23 207 200 203 209 207 260 161 292 159 33 NO 0

277 SUNY Coll. of Envir. Science & Forestry (NY)* 115 186 312 192 294 316 149 74 258 205 46 211 98 161 3 219 103 NO 1

278 Eastern Michigan University (MI)* 281 210 307 75 142 187 98 279 273 262 228 247 183 161 184 148 276 NO 0

279 Tulane University of Louisiana (LA) 118 305 236 210 119 287 275 161 282 100 53 131 132 142 7 72 200 NO 1

280 Univ. of MD Eastern Shore (MD)* 295 211 57 265 274 145 156 311 262 234 240 255 260 161 237 284 306 NO 0

281 Lindenwood University (MO) 238 242 270 264 148 211 249 218 150 280 292 274 260 161 206 194 167 YES 0

282 Lamar University (TX)* 301 293 231 209 109 103 103 294 285 258 262 234 220 161 279 286 159 NO 0

283 Liberty University (VA) 250 126 288 137 45 176 273 281 109 278 297 274 260 161 290 200 228 NO 0

284 Immaculata University (PA) 179 16 300 313 192 53 308 182 21 280 290 274 260 161 261 286 239 NO 0

285 Maryville University of Saint Louis (MO) 204 80 295 89 87 241 255 192 142 280 272 274 260 161 250 226 239 NO 0

286 Aspen University (CO)° 266 109 193 314 11 138 198 278 154 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

287 Texas Christian University (TX) 95 296 249 305 280 201 278 64 167 240 136 243 166 161 203 30 189 NO 0

288 Union University (TN) 157 74 304 92 69 296 266 162 24 280 108 274 260 161 199 217 301 NO 0

289 Argosy University–Tampa (FL) 314 193 258 12 85 195 227 302 120 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

290 Walden University (MN)° 309 290 240 57 3 40 311 301 35 280 303 25 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

291 University of Toledo (OH)* 290 270 303 108 94 117 153 274 304 161 178 129 210 161 267 145 276 NO 0

292 Biola University (CA) 125 244 40 198 299 280 304 77 232 275 129 242 260 161 150 245 189 NO 0

293 Boise State University (ID)* 297 302 226 244 157 262 132 254 286 187 280 253 111 161 120 186 167 NO 0

294 Idaho State University (ID)* 304 284 201 123 144 157 191 273 308 209 253 232 161 161 195 230 258 NO 0

295 Argosy University–Phoenix Online (AZ) 316 316 46 2 39 28 300 302 267 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 276 NO 0

296 Gardner-Webb University (NC) 175 146 260 316 182 220 241 224 215 280 207 274 260 161 243 163 89 NO 0

297 Grand Canyon University (AZ) 310 309 196 14 5 89 256 312 309 280 301 274 260 161 288 243 290 YES 0

298 University of Alabama (AL)* 147 271 273 257 190 258 244 213 303 158 193 115 200 161 244 119 22 NO 0

299 University of New Orleans (LA)* 302 314 74 291 76 297 27 268 287 213 192 203 189 161 187 236 300 NO 0

300 Shenandoah University (VA) 173 163 93 309 295 174 295 200 296 280 278 274 260 161 221 286 215 NO 1

301 University of Alabama–Huntsville (AL)* 273 282 255 24 22 298 214 253 299 129 185 202 141 161 239 207 207 NO 0

302 University of Arkansas at Little Rock (AR)* 307 285 276 115 61 288 120 291 236 239 252 188 244 116 262 285 109 NO 0

303 The New School (NY) 124 175 197 282 293 107 314 186 272 228 267 156 137 161 236 286 290 NO 1

304 Dallas Baptist University (TX) 222 264 119 310 221 216 259 252 288 280 251 274 260 161 293 263 134 NO 0

305 University of Hartford (CT) 224 272 281 301 300 163 302 149 152 264 210 274 260 161 227 282 189 NO 1

306 Texas Southern University (TX)* 313 312 137 159 302 266 235 316 278 245 246 240 214 161 258 239 258 NO 1

307 Hofstra University (NY) 186 308 279 275 260 188 312 151 264 257 186 222 231 161 191 181 147 NO 1

308 University of Tulsa (OK) 117 240 289 255 135 314 257 117 174 196 49 205 90 95 281 272 189 NO 0

309 Lipscomb University (TN) 182 288 310 233 257 305 250 135 254 280 176 274 260 161 167 195 268 NO 0

310 Spalding University (KY) 261 177 313 239 136 181 229 276 280 280 295 274 260 161 293 280 78 NO 0

311 Lesley University (MA) 188 243 152 293 303 306 307 204 312 280 276 274 260 161 141 286 203 NO 1

312 Nova Southeastern University (FL) 284 310 188 67 72 304 270 295 314 219 263 117 254 161 293 286 246 NO 0

313 University of Akron–Main (OH)* 287 201 315 55 21 255 203 282 290 148 203 114 180 146 259 167 295 NO 0

314 Catholic University of America (DC) 143 287 315 311 316 83 315 58 213 200 86 190 110 161 61 57 32 NO 0

315 Andrews University (MI) 170 304 282 299 315 312 237 266 316 272 40 267 260 161 163 286 203 NO 0

316 Argosy University–Orange County (CA) 312 291 314 46 88 309 262 302 311 280 303 274 260 161 293 286 306 NO 0

86 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

1 Berea College (KY) 146 37 222 1 5 25 1 173 4 128 93 50 132 3 NO 3

2 Washington and Lee University (VA) 30 143 58 130 59 1 2 11 113 84 62 65 35 17 NO 1

3 Harvey Mudd College (CA) 21 185 75 42 42 2 119 8 155 18 1 143 106 20 NO 1

4 Amherst College (MA) 2 69 148 12 8 35 6 57 42 12 11 87 107 6 NO 1

5 Bowdoin College (ME) 10 45 117 142 60 88 16 26 56 22 23 20 132 15 NO 4

6 Swarthmore College (PA) 3 96 55 59 50 221 24 20 95 20 2 102 121 185 NO 4

7 Bryn Mawr College (PA) 45 199 56 105 97 40 83 80 136 1 10 63 132 26 NO 4

8 Williams College (MA) 1 74 110 30 26 75 4 44 108 9 5 128 98 119 NO 0

9 Middlebury College (VT) 5 75 120 116 47 115 19 48 135 45 27 35 89 36 YES 4

10 Wellesley College (MA) 14 178 78 44 52 73 36 24 122 2 15 45 46 55 NO 1

11 Haverford College (PA) 6 49 81 51 38 89 28 14 46 28 6 43 132 160 NO 1

12 Hamilton College (NY) 13 80 74 85 81 21 21 10 92 26 42 48 87 185 NO 3

13 Sterling College (VT) 177 27 14 3 36 13 145 142 33 128 209 1 132 223 YES 0

14 Colgate University (NY) 11 77 46 120 40 10 34 25 65 24 47 106 132 31 NO 1

15 Bates College (ME) 26 112 18 154 135 79 26 9 72 30 37 52 132 62 NO 4

16 Vassar College (NY) 15 148 47 14 48 190 23 12 75 36 16 118 116 30 NO 4

17 Claremont McKenna College (CA) 16 109 48 111 69 9 39 30 55 8 56 140 16 43 NO 1

18 Pomona College (CA) 7 78 35 28 4 204 5 100 134 16 12 66 132 170 NO 1

19 Lafayette College (PA) 17 46 87 216 169 3 66 28 78 41 45 91 49 27 NO 1

20 Davidson College (NC) 4 25 89 140 148 37 17 21 57 34 33 94 28 194 NO 1

21 Wesleyan University (CT) 8 35 115 145 96 175 25 31 34 6 18 89 131 101 NO 0

22 Barnard College (NY) 19 131 72 94 54 55 32 13 51 23 24 152 94 68 NO 1

23 College of the Holy Cross (MA) 12 21 50 166 132 6 64 4 40 88 97 115 9 215 NO 1

24 Salem College (NC) 166 124 5 4 12 49 58 191 69 128 177 61 92 91 NO 0

25 Allegheny College (PA) 78 61 102 123 190 29 153 78 104 128 55 34 79 2 NO 2

26 Cornell College (IA) 125 140 8 24 41 95 176 110 85 107 50 13 132 107 NO 3

27 Colby College (ME) 18 88 99 163 116 66 22 17 83 39 29 46 132 68 NO 1

28 St. Mary’s College of Maryland (MD)* 53 14 107 185 104 146 35 84 62 80 53 5 132 23 NO 1

29 Carleton College (MN) 9 123 101 88 100 193 51 6 118 7 4 10 132 166 NO 0

30 College of Saint Benedict (MN) 49 29 91 91 136 18 125 3 25 52 166 64 96 12 NO 1

31 Smith College (MA) 31 149 20 76 113 203 59 117 196 10 20 33 118 25 NO 3

32 Grinnell College (IA) 23 138 187 19 35 183 47 27 44 13 7 15 132 215 NO 1

OVERALL SCORE: Overall score represents the combined score of our three metrics—social mobility, research, and service—with each metric being weighted equally. SOCIAL MOBILITY: The first column ranks the college by the percentage of all students graduating within eight years, and the second column ranks based on the predicted rate of graduation (based on incoming ACT/SAT scores, Pell Grant percentages, and other measures; see our full methodology on page 109). The third column ranks colleges based on the difference in six-year graduation rates between Pell Grant recipients and those who did not receive a Pell Grant. The fourth and fifth columns rank the difference between the actual and predicted percentages of Pell Grant recipients and first-generation students based on ACT/SAT scores and the percentage of students admitted. The sixth column ranks colleges based on the difference between actual and predicted earnings of all students (dropouts and graduates) ten years after starting college, after controlling for student demographics and majors, living costs, and other factors. The seventh column ranks by the net price of attending that institution, or the average price that first-time, full-time students who have a family income below $75,000 per year and receive financial aid pay for college after subtracting grants and scholarships. The final two columns rank colleges based on the actual and predicted performance of the percentage of students who repaid at least $1 in principal on their loans within five years of entering repayment. RESEARCH: The first column shows total research expenditures. The second shows the college’s ranking in the number of bachelor’s recipients who go on to receive PhDs, relative to college size. SERVICE: The first column ranks the college by the number of alumni who go on to serve in the Peace Corps, relative to college size. The second column ranks the college by the percentage of students who serve in ROTC. The third ranks based on the percentage of funds in federal work-study money that goes to community service (versus non-community service). The fourth category reflects whether a college matches AmeriCorps service grants for undergraduate students in all fields of study (yes), at least one (some), or none (no). The final category includes measures of a college’s voting engagement, and colleges can score between zero and four points in this category.

88 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

33 New College of Florida (FL)* 120 176 186 32 115 142 9 170 221 59 13 3 132 203 NO 4

34 Knox College (IL) 47 12 206 60 121 129 118 124 76 128 63 22 132 5 NO 3

35 Agnes Scott College (GA) 100 33 42 31 138 82 131 188 161 102 48 2 83 55 NO 1

36 Susquehanna University (PA) 85 38 104 162 90 11 155 38 17 70 165 141 29 6 NO 1

37 Connecticut College (CT) 42 100 22 168 134 117 84 16 49 32 67 26 132 28 NO 1

38 Beloit College (WI) 62 31 127 61 112 168 30 95 86 128 43 16 132 36 NO 1

39 Virginia Military Institute (VA)* 101 44 86 227 224 26 14 56 106 97 179 147 1 225 NO 1

40 Franklin and Marshall College (PA) 34 60 64 186 130 62 48 40 37 17 57 119 132 170 NO 1

41 Kalamazoo College (MI) 48 82 85 56 111 124 74 70 116 78 28 6 132 107 NO 1

42 Hobart William Smith Colleges (NY) 77 169 49 151 209 87 154 72 171 55 149 23 132 10 YES 4

43 Bucknell University (PA) 27 113 79 211 185 4 195 2 53 11 41 70 14 119 NO 0

44 University of Richmond (VA) 44 135 34 129 84 22 37 139 187 19 69 99 30 160 NO 1

45 Soka University of America (CA) 69 24 122 73 89 153 11 171 193 128 105 120 132 1 NO 0

46 Willamette University (OR) 71 79 23 80 79 24 214 64 54 29 72 17 126 51 NO 1

47 Macalester College (MN) 20 142 90 54 131 205 99 29 142 51 22 7 77 48 NO 3

48 McDaniel College (MD) 118 50 21 97 68 72 67 67 8 128 127 98 4 77 NO 0

49 College of the Atlantic (ME) 103 11 218 40 140 50 85 103 38 128 113 4 132 20 NO 0

50 Kenyon College (OH) 24 87 30 197 171 182 33 53 174 66 21 42 132 31 NO 1

51 Wartburg College (IA) 112 103 9 200 219 136 149 68 68 128 104 136 132 8 YES 1

52 Saint John’s University (MN) 57 10 76 143 198 38 89 15 23 48 147 123 2 128 NO 1

53 Union College (NY) 37 175 45 77 118 16 46 51 173 35 75 86 43 73 NO 0

54 University of Minnesota–Morris (MN)* 135 182 125 106 178 106 7 141 100 54 110 166 132 67 NO 4

55 Fisk University (TN) 214 207 3 25 191 147 193 217 97 3 64 195 32 203 YES 0

56 Lake Forest College (IL) 99 62 114 90 99 59 135 66 14 94 109 47 132 77 NO 1

57 Dickinson College (PA) 41 134 71 190 195 84 93 37 121 49 90 36 11 55 NO 3

58 Mount Holyoke College (MA) 56 190 67 101 123 138 72 113 152 15 17 116 70 61 NO 1

59 Trinity College (CT) 52 161 19 158 67 46 41 90 127 37 91 95 127 147 NO 1

60 DePauw University (IN) 59 105 109 133 73 20 95 69 82 110 79 109 60 71 NO 1

61 Reed College (OR) 65 197 129 52 77 227 43 54 130 21 3 9 91 62 NO 1

62 Wabash College (IN) 106 23 175 159 78 14 87 144 156 96 65 29 132 123 NO 1

63 Southwestern University (TX) 95 52 139 171 139 76 159 63 19 73 66 60 132 123 NO 3

64 Ripon College (WI) 122 32 135 58 27 34 75 122 64 128 95 93 5 160 NO 0

65 Oglethorpe University (GA) 179 222 1 21 75 67 132 195 209 128 141 112 80 203 NO 0

66 Houghton College (NY) 82 6 65 10 177 32 158 114 80 128 98 171 59 203 NO 0

67 Stonehill College (MA) 54 55 93 183 109 12 178 43 105 72 178 108 52 83 NO 2

68 Occidental College (CA) 38 121 31 65 93 196 92 32 90 33 54 40 132 73 NO 1

69 Thomas Aquinas College (CA) 119 147 40 5 88 7 116 65 112 128 122 195 132 225 NO 0

70 Univ. of Science & Arts of Okla. (OK)* 182 34 159 83 7 71 3 200 109 128 193 189 132 147 NO 1

71 Wofford College (SC) 75 48 12 155 155 110 142 97 140 128 132 144 3 55 NO 1

72 Illinois College (IL) 80 2 215 69 58 125 53 88 11 128 174 153 132 128 NO 1

73 Simpson College (IA) 102 20 211 86 39 81 171 104 58 128 155 159 132 75 YES 3

74 Penn State–Greater Allegheny (PA)* 207 155 138 75 153 8 56 157 3 68 209 195 67 91 NO 0

75 Gustavus Adolphus College (MN) 55 76 84 81 154 96 80 47 132 83 85 101 42 144 NO 1

76 Spelman College (GA) 98 9 160 71 228 5 227 208 2 43 38 19 17 185 NO 0

77 Moravian Coll./Moravian Theo. Sem. (PA) 115 5 41 210 46 36 208 91 10 123 169 134 51 101 NO 0

78 Saint Mary’s College (IN) 50 22 183 124 152 57 122 19 30 128 118 73 24 170 NO 1

79 Hanover College (IN) 123 92 124 115 82 44 124 109 99 128 58 110 132 46 NO 0

80 Gettysburg College (PA) 43 139 66 174 173 91 86 7 93 60 78 54 33 203 NO 1

81 Dillard University (LA) 212 174 176 6 92 83 117 216 15 4 146 149 41 222 NO 1 90 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

82 Tougaloo College (MS) 185 16 226 2 227 47 42 213 9 27 87 195 45 83 NO 1

83 Oberlin College (OH) 28 166 51 179 202 217 121 45 163 42 9 49 132 31 NO 1

84 Westminster College (PA) 96 13 184 122 102 101 137 96 77 128 112 157 132 16 NO 0

85 Sewanee–University of the South (TN) 72 136 128 89 127 199 73 82 162 57 100 55 132 62 NO 4

86 Saint Norbert College (WI) 117 146 62 144 105 134 144 77 131 103 148 172 19 40 NO 4

87 Juniata College (PA) 76 65 126 98 72 104 161 55 45 95 74 69 132 185 NO 1

88 Illinois Wesleyan University (IL) 68 129 113 99 71 42 179 36 70 121 71 81 69 160 NO 1

89 Ursinus College (PA) 61 51 43 95 117 54 199 83 143 77 84 76 132 215 NO 1

90 Muhlenberg College (PA) 39 41 17 224 147 45 170 73 159 93 124 162 115 71 NO 1

91 Wheaton College (IL) 22 107 33 18 133 216 110 1 79 64 34 155 6 119 NO 0

92 Earlham College (IN) 104 85 163 82 125 213 81 86 13 61 31 28 132 194 NO 1

93 Univ. of Virginia’s College–Wise (VA)* 202 66 198 198 21 33 20 183 12 128 199 184 21 119 NO 0

94 Linfield College–McMinnville (OR) 107 18 172 184 55 17 198 75 18 113 142 145 122 203 NO 1

95 Millsaps College (MS) 139 173 4 169 94 185 108 168 207 68 32 90 22 179 NO 0

96 Whittier College (CA) 131 40 29 127 22 184 168 151 26 100 135 77 132 104 NO 1

97 Denison University (OH) 46 164 158 47 32 127 76 108 168 62 81 12 88 123 NO 0

98 Goucher College (MD) 137 201 92 87 183 69 185 118 119 122 133 25 102 107 NO 4

99 Sweet Briar College (VA) 87 1 111 175 204 80 200 123 48 90 106 27 132 194 NO 0

100 St. Olaf College (MN) 25 115 53 141 186 200 54 22 151 50 35 129 132 137 NO 1

101 Franklin College (IN) 154 43 180 177 53 105 120 132 43 128 187 139 68 10 NO 1

102 Transylvania University (KY) 110 179 165 13 28 161 140 115 170 128 49 41 55 152 NO 3

103 Hiram College (OH) 138 3 171 68 14 180 196 174 21 128 114 111 75 194 NO 3

104 University of Maine–Machias (ME)* 218 102 203 110 9 167 13 197 24 117 171 195 132 14 NO 1

105 Wheaton College (MA) 81 119 44 147 182 126 201 49 73 75 120 84 104 107 NO 3

106 Young Harris College (GA) 204 215 2 219 203 155 78 178 197 128 209 195 132 51 NO 0

107 Saint Vincent College (PA) 91 8 98 208 170 139 90 85 52 128 126 142 105 215 NO 1

108 Colorado College (CO) 35 181 15 182 150 226 15 39 153 31 201 30 97 77 NO 2

109 Skidmore College (NY) 32 56 63 225 212 207 38 42 96 44 76 71 129 83 NO 0

110 Fort Lewis College (CO)* 193 97 96 118 37 61 52 201 60 82 181 126 132 83 NO 1

111 Monmouth College (IL) 165 158 200 66 33 60 45 150 32 128 145 177 132 141 NO 1

112 College of Idaho (ID) 151 26 133 45 25 174 98 129 22 128 186 85 112 51 NO 0

113 Randolph-Macon College (VA) 145 156 6 221 146 113 189 111 88 128 83 195 44 77 NO 1

114 Penn State–Beaver (PA)* 200 116 68 139 107 31 50 157 29 89 209 195 132 91 NO 0

115 Lawrence University (WI) 73 157 134 35 34 152 156 89 148 101 51 38 132 123 NO 1

116 Furman University (SC) 60 133 155 146 145 160 191 59 117 38 44 103 12 128 NO 4

117 St. Lawrence University (NY) 40 99 54 109 149 179 111 61 158 118 107 21 53 179 NO 1

118 Bethany College (WV) 194 98 108 149 151 41 129 175 41 128 160 195 132 224 YES 1

119 Whitman College (WA) 29 71 192 178 189 202 166 5 102 78 19 11 132 137 NO 1

120 Bethel College–North Newton (KS) 160 42 100 74 108 128 164 166 71 128 82 169 132 42 NO 0

121 Drew University (NJ) 144 165 179 132 65 27 130 121 20 128 77 148 101 144 NO 0

122 Albion College (MI) 105 53 214 157 175 68 106 119 125 63 39 180 90 128 NO 1

123 Scripps College (CA) 33 186 10 126 137 195 109 23 186 120 36 82 110 203 NO 0

124 Centre College (KY) 51 108 140 63 63 187 128 92 183 74 60 68 58 34 NO 1

125 Pitzer College (CA) 36 64 25 193 106 211 55 154 211 99 99 72 132 34 NO 1

126 Coe College (IA) 111 89 166 125 124 133 147 93 67 92 117 146 37 39 NO 1

127 Martin University (IN) 228 30 27 7 24 43 91 228 36 128 209 195 132 152 NO 0

128 Lewis & Clark College (OR) 70 151 57 41 95 208 212 41 101 14 80 31 100 83 NO 1

129 Hartwick College (NY) 159 126 28 170 192 108 194 135 89 127 119 39 132 36 NO 0

130 Wells College (NY) 164 47 119 55 184 119 113 169 123 128 128 75 132 166 NO 0 92 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

131 Univ. of NH–Manchester (NH)* 147 4 162 214 220 97 71 62 5 128 209 186 132 185 NO 0

132 Washington & Jefferson College (PA) 90 86 82 173 142 112 175 94 154 126 89 114 25 40 NO 0

133 St. John’s College (NM) 186 202 223 79 160 15 148 152 120 128 8 56 132 170 NO 0

134 Lycoming College (PA) 150 110 167 165 87 74 68 130 47 128 159 154 26 137 NO 0

135 Hollins University (VA) 143 83 73 39 83 65 112 193 219 128 115 92 132 104 NO 0

136 Georgetown College (KY) 134 57 202 70 51 70 101 140 98 128 152 190 93 107 NO 0

137 University of Wisconsin–Parkside (WI)* 213 212 70 93 15 194 18 202 175 128 203 185 99 117 NO 4

138 College of Wooster (OH) 88 180 118 103 161 150 127 107 160 53 61 32 132 128 NO 0

139 Warren Wilson College (NC) 173 216 69 20 163 225 139 143 164 128 131 14 132 4 NO 3

140 Univ. of North Carolina–Asheville (NC)* 133 187 147 26 74 209 31 186 222 25 153 88 132 83 NO 3

141 Hampshire College (MA) 92 150 77 62 200 219 209 160 218 91 25 53 132 9 YES 1

142 Bennington College (VT) 113 122 7 137 197 222 211 79 87 128 151 127 132 91 YES 1

143 Hendrix College (AR) 86 171 178 37 56 215 181 125 201 71 40 57 84 43 NO 4

144 Sarah Lawrence College (NY) 74 152 59 119 180 23 218 87 124 128 46 117 119 159 NO 0

145 Albright College (PA) 168 128 189 191 30 78 162 149 6 58 176 175 128 107 NO 0

146 Augustana College (IL) 97 145 164 176 126 122 143 71 107 81 137 125 132 50 NO 1

147 Siena College (NY) 67 28 193 188 194 92 160 81 128 40 167 165 20 55 NO 0

148 Louisiana State Univ.–Alexandria (LA)* 220 172 11 207 10 144 10 210 189 128 208 195 132 123 NO 0

149 Bloomfield College (NJ) 216 91 116 29 13 58 134 211 27 128 209 195 125 194 NO 0

150 Presbyterian College (SC) 130 93 137 204 216 159 62 112 31 128 129 174 8 75 NO 0

151 Massachusetts Coll. of Liberal Arts (MA)* 162 63 205 72 43 145 44 180 149 128 191 156 132 147 NO 1

152 Marlboro College (VT) 132 17 13 46 196 201 221 102 84 128 26 195 132 203 NO 0

153 Westmont College (CA) 79 67 52 131 167 94 217 34 91 105 86 133 66 160 NO 0

154 Wittenberg University (OH) 121 95 219 160 91 123 187 126 126 115 73 58 109 12 NO 0

155 Wesleyan College (GA) 205 167 136 220 23 52 60 209 177 128 101 195 132 152 NO 2

156 Bethany Lutheran College (MN) 175 168 39 50 201 158 49 116 74 128 209 195 48 170 NO 0

157 Univ. of Pittsburgh–Greensburg (PA)* 170 189 188 164 211 19 69 136 137 128 205 135 65 91 NO 0

158 Hope College (MI) 63 84 190 102 119 181 105 60 110 128 96 104 114 215 NO 1

159 Central College (IA) 124 90 207 195 188 172 126 99 145 128 123 96 132 91 YES 1

160 SUNY–Purchase College (NY)* 128 120 38 196 176 176 77 176 180 108 200 176 132 101 NO 2

161 Bethune-Cookman University (FL) 174 15 146 9 110 64 96 222 194 128 204 195 38 185 NO 0

162 Penn State–Berks (PA)* 158 72 177 194 128 28 163 157 39 116 209 195 81 91 NO 0

163 Maryville College (TN) 163 144 208 36 16 169 63 165 81 128 150 161 132 107 NO 0

164 University of Puget Sound (WA) 83 195 95 108 165 100 228 50 167 65 68 18 117 203 NO 4

165 Saint Anselm College (NH) 89 114 103 215 217 30 210 33 133 128 172 122 63 166 NO 1

166 Claflin University (SC) 180 7 144 33 208 93 174 219 178 46 194 195 10 68 NO 0

167 Austin College (TX) 84 54 199 128 103 164 138 138 188 109 94 79 132 203 NO 1

168 Erskine College and Seminary (SC) 188 117 112 152 214 170 103 127 28 128 92 178 132 152 NO 0

169 Shepherd University (WV)* 195 198 168 153 6 132 12 198 203 106 190 160 123 194 NO 1

170 Virginia Wesleyan College (VA) 183 141 196 134 57 56 203 182 61 128 198 167 13 22 NO 1

171 Judson College (AL) 206 58 225 11 17 53 65 204 115 128 138 195 47 60 NO 0

172 University of Pikeville (KY) 208 59 121 43 1 192 97 207 157 128 209 195 73 107 NO 1

173 Concordia College–Moorhead (MN) 108 192 60 117 207 188 136 46 146 119 108 78 56 117 NO 0

174 Schreiner University (TX) 199 184 26 78 29 130 107 199 204 128 206 191 132 77 NO 1

175 Cheyney University of PA (PA)*^^ 223 132 36 34 66 120 57 221 150 98 202 158 103 225 NO 0

176 Rhodes College (TN) 64 196 173 100 157 173 173 35 144 128 70 62 34 46 NO 0

177 Ohio Wesleyan University (OH) 129 188 209 161 158 157 207 101 94 111 52 100 85 28 NO 1

178 Bard College (NY) 93 162 141 189 225 220 188 98 141 112 59 59 132 194 NO 4

179 St. John’s College (MD) 114 191 221 23 141 98 197 131 208 128 14 80 132 166 NO 1 94 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

180 Luther College (IA) 58 81 132 167 210 162 180 58 166 76 88 97 132 170 NO 0

181 Westminster College (MO) 126 68 204 104 49 148 133 167 172 128 144 150 108 83 NO 0

182 Bridgewater College (VA) 148 130 145 228 120 140 115 120 35 128 185 137 132 194 NO 0

183 Elizabethtown College (PA) 116 73 149 217 19 151 205 74 50 128 140 164 132 152 NO 0

184 LaGrange College (GA) 172 137 94 67 164 85 172 196 210 128 182 195 132 183 YES 0

185 Philander Smith College (AR) 209 36 213 27 114 210 70 215 7 103 209 179 95 183 NO 1

186 Lyon College (AR) 190 205 174 16 11 149 40 192 215 128 154 183 132 137 NO 0

187 Doane University–Crete (NE) 156 154 123 121 45 90 177 161 199 67 162 173 72 91 NO 0

188 Saint Michael’s College (VT) 66 70 161 172 179 198 213 18 63 47 163 44 71 203 NO 1

189 Elmira College (NY) 171 194 97 114 76 102 202 156 138 128 168 67 18 215 NO 0

190 Roanoke College (VA) 136 159 80 209 168 135 216 106 114 86 164 83 132 152 NO 1

191 William Peace University (NC) 210 125 131 84 193 99 192 194 16 128 209 195 40 147 NO 0

192 Northland College (WI) 184 210 151 49 80 223 79 155 184 128 130 8 132 91 NO 0

193 Alma College (MI) 155 203 170 136 122 111 141 134 191 128 125 182 86 147 NO 1

194 Gordon College (MA) 109 94 182 156 223 189 204 52 59 125 121 37 64 128 NO 0

195 Pacific Union College (CA) 191 101 185 138 218 63 167 179 181 128 170 192 120 77 NO 0

196 Emory and Henry College (VA) 187 183 212 181 181 116 88 153 111 128 136 170 132 104 NO 0

197 Meredith College (NC) 149 153 142 206 205 156 182 172 205 128 189 188 78 51 NO 3

198 Bryn Athyn Coll. of the New Church (PA) 198 19 228 222 44 86 29 148 1 114 209 195 132 43 NO 0

199 Guilford College (NC) 169 177 157 57 98 154 183 205 214 128 143 168 124 23 NO 1

200 Morehouse College (GA) 176 127 194 38 222 121 225 218 129 5 102 113 7 179 NO 1

201 Randolph College (VA) 203 225 150 192 187 39 186 164 165 128 139 74 132 128 NO 1

202 Washington College (MD) 94 111 143 223 159 177 206 76 103 128 157 107 132 185 NO 1

203 West Virginia State University (WV)* 222 193 169 113 2 166 8 214 225 128 207 194 27 170 NO 1

204 Davis & Elkins College (WV) 197 160 37 205 20 178 114 206 223 128 197 195 132 83 NO 1

205 Stillman College (AL) 227 228 16 17 166 107 94 224 195 128 158 195 74 152 NO 0

206 University of Pittsburgh–Johnstown (PA)* 178 220 195 213 206 51 100 136 182 128 183 181 132 91 NO 0

207 Ouachita Baptist University (AR) 161 209 197 92 62 163 104 162 190 124 161 187 23 62 NO 0

208 Pine Manor College (MA) 217 118 210 218 18 118 151 212 139 128 209 124 132 128 NO 1

209 Spring Hill College (AL) 167 219 216 150 61 141 27 190 224 128 134 163 50 62 NO 0

210 Covenant College (GA) 152 218 181 22 172 109 169 145 212 128 175 138 113 107 NO 0

211 Centenary College of Louisiana (LA) 181 211 217 53 70 77 190 177 198 128 30 195 132 221 NO 0

212 Carthage College (WI) 153 208 61 135 101 143 220 146 185 128 173 130 130 48 NO 0

213 Hampden-Sydney College (VA) 127 106 105 226 221 186 215 133 192 128 156 105 15 128 NO 1

214 William Jewell College (MO) 157 213 201 148 86 206 157 128 169 128 116 51 111 141 NO 0

215 Paine College (GA) 225 204 88 64 215 131 102 225 200 85 188 151 31 170 NO 0

216 Virginia Union University (VA) 224 200 32 112 199 165 152 220 147 128 196 195 54 194 NO 0

217 Birmingham Southern College (AL) 142 206 130 187 143 212 150 163 217 128 103 121 36 107 NO 1

218 Emmanuel College (MA) 141 163 153 202 144 191 224 147 179 128 192 132 82 18 NO 1

219 King’s College (NY) 188 217 106 107 85 103 222 105 66 128 209 195 62 225 NO 0

220 Allen University (SC) 219 104 24 15 31 228 61 227 216 128 209 195 61 185 NO 0

221 Eckerd College (FL) 140 170 154 180 156 214 219 181 226 87 111 24 76 160 NO 2

222 Southern Virginia University (VA) 211 214 224 48 213 114 146 189 220 128 209 131 39 18 NO 0

223 Johnson C. Smith University (NC) 201 39 220 96 226 137 165 223 213 56 184 195 132 179 NO 0

224 Holy Cross College (IN) 221 224 152 203 129 171 123 187 176 128 209 195 57 170 NO 0

225 Marymount Manhattan College (NY) 192 223 156 212 174 48 226 184 206 128 195 193 132 185 YES 0

226 Thiel College (PA) 215 221 191 199 64 197 184 185 202 128 180 195 132 203 NO 0

227 Ave Maria University (FL) 196 226 83 201 162 224 82 203 228 128 209 195 132 143 NO 0

228 East-West University (IL) 226 227 227 8 3 218 223 226 227 128 209 195 132 144 NO 1 96 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE TOP 150 MASTER’S UNIVERSITIES *Public institution °For-profit institution

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

1 Evergreen State College (WA)* 109 18 74 41 432 51 123 373 271 252 44 9 452 53 YES 0

2 SUNY–Geneseo (NY)* 22 181 401 197 508 297 229 32 243 156 7 8 225 250 NO 4

3 CA State Univ.–San Bernardino (CA)* 208 28 283 116 54 37 10 546 131 21 399 323 165 34 NO 3

4 CA State University–Stanislaus (CA)* 152 23 134 51 15 62 9 308 1 176 398 204 452 70 NO 0

5 CA State University–Bakersfield (CA)* 369 149 124 43 19 12 7 497 33 96 344 306 452 90 NO 1

6 CA State University–Los Angeles (CA)* 288 85 182 67 23 151 3 440 23 63 448 400 423 53 NO 3

7 Truman State University (MO)* 72 248 446 203 336 335 77 60 187 221 4 32 56 385 NO 1

8 James Madison University (VA)* 5 37 413 635 623 32 257 12 189 80 89 23 75 75 NO 4

9 Trinity University (TX) 12 198 317 282 312 355 254 4 79 102 1 80 441 440 NO 1

10 Bob Jones University (SC) 157 74 121 124 692 63 215 27 10 332 79 435 452 2 NO 0

11 Mills College (CA) 62 372 312 10 248 470 522 271 439 88 3 139 345 135 YES 1

12 CA State University–Sacramento (CA)* 202 160 255 143 158 79 27 285 152 14 401 223 133 142 NO 4

13 College of New Jersey (NJ)* 4 121 319 465 381 154 297 21 353 188 8 61 246 294 NO 2

14 University of WA–Tacoma (WA)* 39 11 481 145 583 10 25 82 18 86 464 216 139 215 NO 0

15 Rutgers University-Camden (NJ)* 169 192 308 151 496 11 125 190 64 67 156 118 330 96 NO 1

16 Manhattan College (NY) 29 61 92 375 388 15 632 22 31 223 133 396 159 75 NO 4

17 Citadel: The Military College of SC (SC)* 60 13 253 521 662 113 295 148 377 253 284 147 1 236 NO 4

18 CA State Univ.–Dominguez Hills (CA)* 396 213 132 105 37 182 2 548 129 92 405 292 245 15 NO 1

19 Drake University (IA) 23 208 75 295 477 30 587 33 319 172 33 46 184 528 NO 4

20 Columbia International University (SC) 95 33 21 204 672 343 407 205 135 332 197 6 452 82 NO 0

21 CA State University–Northridge (CA)* 192 53 393 370 162 158 15 391 88 19 419 309 321 206 NO 4

22 Western Washington University (WA)* 42 91 248 391 442 366 152 125 468 30 92 10 452 289 NO 3

23 Loyola University Maryland (MD) 6 131 209 476 554 18 618 19 308 248 55 92 30 422 NO 4

24 Goddard College (VT) 275 102 694 11 306 156 478 384 174 332 2 3 452 665 NO 0

25 Nazareth College (NY) 30 162 119 265 614 256 585 110 457 332 59 94 340 6 NO 3

26 Pacific Lutheran University (WA) 90 280 398 293 439 228 484 61 195 263 23 13 13 422 NO 2

27 CA State University–Chico (CA)* 144 70 367 325 216 130 115 229 47 120 227 53 452 30 NO 1

28 Texas A&M University–Texarkana (TX)* 68 4 95 259 109 133 34 476 147 302 485 233 452 311 NO 1

29 Louisiana College (LA) 517 424 7 321 400 75 194 339 53 332 124 476 452 473 NO 0

30 Heritage University (WA) 383 44 23 24 16 64 95 571 43 332 595 476 452 528 NO 0

31 Hamline University (MN) 122 369 321 113 577 88 423 97 326 315 76 34 265 96 NO 4

32 Providence College (RI) 1 30 330 649 676 20 586 17 292 169 31 25 57 385 NO 1

33 John Carroll University (OH) 66 186 114 361 534 106 468 85 409 272 15 200 68 473 NO 3

34 Fairfield University (CT) 16 148 148 570 544 4 679 6 196 54 45 114 435 215 NO 1

35 Alfred University (NY) 308 508 116 294 667 289 302 116 229 74 16 196 252 344 NO 4

36 Massachusetts Maritime Academy (MA)* 71 82 169 648 652 1 47 36 388 332 595 476 67 294 NO 0

37 William Carey University (MS) 153 27 15 1 121 82 422 539 204 332 301 476 242 496 NO 0

38 Saint Francis University (PA) 88 96 10 619 569 168 545 80 212 316 204 476 140 70 NO 3

39 NM Inst. of Mining and Tech (NM)* 470 659 504 299 190 424 101 51 12 5 6 390 264 385 NO 0

40 CA Poly. St. U.–San Luis Obispo (CA)* 21 375 348 398 165 97 199 20 215 15 100 30 189 255 NO 1

41 University of Baltimore (MD)* 305 26 320 581 315 8 246 553 119 62 539 218 354 568 NO 4

42 Lebanon Valley College (PA) 33 67 622 460 340 292 550 7 21 332 10 134 452 568 NO 3

43 University of Redlands (CA) 50 86 65 360 225 298 614 135 222 208 41 21 358 64 NO 1

44 Nebraska Wesleyan University (NE) 82 157 365 318 300 229 457 68 126 327 20 20 375 422 NO 1

45 SUNY Fredonia (NY)* 86 137 474 461 670 86 222 143 383 276 73 63 452 294 NO 4

46 University of Mary Washington (VA)* 64 194 292 625 545 327 323 24 128 198 25 12 301 349 NO 1

47 Towson University (MD)* 74 106 223 536 455 94 187 186 301 99 322 90 219 135 NO 4

48 CUNY City College (NY)* 442 618 89 17 21 486 12 511 517 2 175 172 156 440 NO 1

49 State Univ. of NY–New Paltz (NY)* 37 142 266 441 342 201 155 133 311 257 185 51 419 177 NO 3

50 Millersville University of PA (PA)* 147 127 416 542 358 315 315 113 72 217 99 96 228 28 NO 3

98 September/October 2018 Voting engagement points OVERALL SCORE: Overall score represents the combined score of our three metrics—social mobility, research, and service—with each metric being weighted equally. SOCIAL MOBILITY: The first column ranks the college by the percentage of all students graduating within eight years, and the second column ranks based on the predicted rate of graduation (based on incoming ACT/SAT scores, Pell Grant percentages, and other measures; see our full methodology on page 109). The third column ranks colleges based on the difference in six-year graduation rates between Pell Grant recipients and those who did not receive a Pell Grant. The fourth and fifth columns rank the difference between the actual and predicted percentages of Pell Grant recipients and first-generation students based on ACT/SAT scores and the percentage of students admitted. The sixth column ranks colleges based on the difference between actual and predicted earnings of all students (dropouts and graduates) ten years after starting college, after controlling for student demographics and majors, living costs, and other factors. The seventh column ranks by the net price of attending that institution, or the average price that first-time, full- time students who have a family income below $75,000 per year and receive financial aid pay for college after subtracting grants and scholarships. The final two columns rank colleges based on the actual and predicted performance of the percentage of students who repaid at least $1 in principal on their loans within five years of entering repayment. RESEARCH: The first column shows total research expenditures. The second shows the college’s ranking in the number of bachelor’s recipients who go on to receive PhDs, relative to college size. SERVICE: The first column ranks the college by the number of alumni who go on to serve in the Peace Corps, relative to college size. The second column ranks the college by the percentage of students who serve in ROTC. The third ranks based on the percentage of funds in federal work-study money that goes to community service (versus non-community service). The fourth category reflects whether a college matches AmeriCorps service grants for undergraduate students in all fields of study (yes), at least one (some), or none (no). The final category includes measures of a college’s voting engagement, and colleges can score between zero and four points in this category.

InvestInYou_WashingtonMonthly_8.6x5.3_July19_AJ.indd 1 7/19/18 3:19 PM SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

MASTER’S UNIVERSITIES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

51 Western Illinois University (IL)* 218 113 296 271 428 85 296 208 24 166 268 241 95 186 NO 3

52 SUNY College at Cortland (NY)* 70 253 156 566 543 56 259 112 341 205 221 128 183 215 NO 4

53 Santa Clara University (CA) 2 276 272 260 205 91 567 10 413 119 65 91 92 496 NO 4

54 Mary Baldwin College (VA) 449 390 94 34 341 48 379 430 117 332 112 476 5 82 NO 0

55 Central Washington University (WA)* 166 52 107 464 288 95 134 284 303 106 402 155 40 172 YES 0

56 Gonzaga University (WA) 7 73 231 474 599 170 659 18 296 182 28 11 78 199 NO 1

57 Southern Utah University (UT)* 352 200 275 220 321 87 188 160 8 312 385 383 123 336 NO 4

58 Bentley University (MA) 3 35 152 550 484 6 542 1 58 329 523 227 452 401 NO 1

59 Embry-Riddle Aero. U.–Dayt. Beach (FL) 290 146 414 453 166 5 681 197 134 18 145 351 3 266 NO 0

60 Humboldt State University (CA)* 373 361 495 63 215 504 129 427 315 24 108 7 452 255 NO 1

61 Valparaiso University (IN) 119 307 566 186 227 318 399 91 167 126 12 81 131 30 NO 0

62 Eastern Illinois University (IL)* 172 155 176 420 443 55 221 267 156 192 74 247 94 528 NO 1

63 Northeastern State University (OK)* 541 114 389 62 113 136 30 527 318 235 278 359 316 173 NO 4

64 Arizona State–West (AZ)* 108 51 456 16 108 46 37 409 231 332 443 476 452 130 NO 0

65 Rollins College (FL) 56 132 22 100 359 317 644 438 664 247 48 43 452 177 NO 4

66 Bethel College–Mishawaka (IN) 98 29 98 55 217 290 301 281 71 332 173 106 254 281 NO 0

67 CA State Univ.–Channel Islands (CA)* 63 16 608 210 111 175 164 291 20 110 474 67 446 154 NO 1

68 Washington Adventist University (MD) 527 391 11 647 693 60 352 572 545 332 95 27 452 58 NO 0

69 University of Evansville (IN) 151 275 486 338 392 471 400 66 105 246 11 17 371 528 NO 1

70 Bradley University (IL) 26 159 14 327 437 121 519 73 349 141 75 290 169 407 NO 0

71 SUNY College at Brockport (NY)* 81 81 334 320 537 278 159 275 437 160 155 164 85 473 NO 4

72 University of WA Bothell (WA)* 15 17 59 446 499 402 40 82 339 46 565 64 452 215 NO 0

73 La Salle University (PA) 116 66 435 456 407 23 607 211 104 178 132 255 250 496 NO 4

74 SUNY Polytechnic Institute (NY)* 359 412 437 78 196 203 168 357 473 1 328 476 320 17 NO 0

75 John Brown University (AR) 85 50 538 130 95 118 375 107 40 311 143 317 216 42 NO 1

76 Univ. of Wisconsin–Stevens Point (WI)* 195 300 250 246 362 506 135 49 48 78 97 29 142 528 NO 1

77 Univ. of Houston–Clear Lake (TX)* 38 6 331 276 47 61 130 405 107 147 526 436 398 311 NO 0

78 Creighton University (NE) 24 359 287 369 472 139 555 53 571 7 13 79 62 236 NO 0

79 CA State University–Long Beach (CA)* 32 99 327 97 58 488 32 172 95 25 340 232 229 496 NO 0

80 Harding University (AR) 149 266 9 211 510 451 256 182 476 295 96 325 452 255 NO 0

81 CA State Univ.–Monterey Bay (CA)* 395 520 131 254 193 271 43 224 27 61 559 150 452 58 NO 1

82 CUNY Bernard M. Baruch College (NY)* 75 247 33 14 3 662 19 241 142 104 544 433 379 440 NO 1

83 Wagner College (NY) 131 436 82 577 524 120 604 29 139 332 51 66 452 294 NO 3

84 Frostburg State University (MD)* 365 242 159 611 505 68 342 307 74 332 243 108 452 142 NO 3

85 Shorter U. Coll. Adult/Prof. Progs. (GA) 223 7 24 115 514 33 565 592 3 332 595 476 452 528 NO 0

86 Indiana Wesleyan University (IN) 143 104 8 118 6 135 570 416 253 287 454 347 237 496 NO 0

87 Saint Martin’s University (WA) 161 19 575 354 314 220 354 212 66 332 267 37 212 26 NO 1

88 Tusculum College (TN) 386 150 198 29 60 96 374 500 206 332 509 120 452 10 NO 0

89 Ithaca College (NY) 18 246 290 466 624 143 636 8 245 193 32 62 241 360 NO 3

90 CA State University–San Marcos (CA)* 217 220 269 405 231 237 36 351 363 52 471 230 201 360 NO 3

91 SUNY Potsdam (NY)* 339 496 471 89 542 218 160 378 550 298 67 65 137 23 NO 1

92 Kettering University (MI) 181 362 631 135 412 2 688 11 34 85 36 476 452 568 NO 0

93 SUNY Maritime College (NY)* 384 537 138 558 606 3 206 118 431 319 595 476 19 360 NO 1

94 Eastern Nazarene College (MA)^^ 301 83 678 371 419 44 312 276 6 332 121 69 452 67 NO 0

95 Southern Wesleyan University (SC) 402 218 1 313 164 378 286 582 568 332 556 476 275 215 NO 0

96 Drury University (MO) 626 683 1 3 9 439 563 575 605 332 107 443 279 528 NO 1

97 CUNY Lehman College (NY)* 441 301 72 169 46 454 4 538 32 79 502 353 405 440 NO 1

98 College of Saint Elizabeth (NJ) 160 15 556 676 450 39 310 343 14 332 80 476 452 336 NO 0

99 Southern IL Univ.–Edwardsville (IL)* 328 354 628 200 332 468 247 223 141 11 229 123 53 39 NO 4

100 Univ. of Nebraska–Kearney (NE)* 251 187 479 306 188 224 224 170 70 146 128 279 234 44 NO 1 100 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

MASTER’S UNIVERSITIES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

101 University of Portland (OR) 10 115 201 436 471 320 651 13 202 219 54 28 7 440 NO 1

102 Notre Dame of MD University (MD) 264 285 382 562 122 78 344 447 310 332 38 476 287 115 YES 0

103 Univ. of Arkansas–Monticello (AR)* 613 229 50 133 49 101 85 606 224 95 457 476 347 496 YES 0

104 Hood College (MD) 51 77 241 269 403 552 475 104 86 97 34 76 64 236 NO 0

105 Alaska Pacific University (AK) 378 87 36 668 527 340 481 370 519 165 228 1 452 385 YES 0

106 CUNY John Jay Col. of Crim. Just. (NY)* 472 388 93 214 123 89 8 551 274 37 547 466 258 440 NO 1

107 University of Scranton (PA) 17 92 221 576 598 41 633 31 356 270 52 253 43 186 NO 1

108 Univ. of Minnesota–Duluth (MN)* 227 504 180 497 635 543 102 70 430 6 172 121 152 311 NO 4

109 Master’s College and Seminary (CA) 191 191 5 359 601 588 534 52 115 332 151 476 179 186 NO 0

110 St. Mary’s University (TX) 209 295 442 79 86 477 334 335 100 211 50 334 15 327 NO 1

111 Buffalo State College (NY)* 419 324 143 396 677 50 82 388 209 121 332 138 306 385 NO 1

112 Amer. InterCont. Univ.–Atlanta (GA)° 691 427 433 76 305 13 518 651 4 332 595 102 452 3 NO 0

113 University of Michigan–Dearborn (MI)* 389 469 122 53 69 189 81 510 607 45 131 257 273 440 NO 2

114 Trinity Washington University (DC) 532 63 187 128 237 24 283 631 9 332 537 177 365 385 NO 0

115 Simmons College (MA) 84 651 174 339 586 261 571 39 508 286 72 5 217 108 NO 1

116 Fort Hays State University (KS)* 164 10 409 596 241 414 108 265 49 214 515 403 452 52 NO 2

117 Northwest Christian University (OR) 229 48 79 139 319 99 369 302 124 332 595 50 452 255 NO 0

118 Texas A&M International Univ. (TX)* 426 373 126 425 212 102 16 512 230 91 567 467 285 100 NO 1

119 Rhode Island College (RI)* 417 346 377 563 355 202 41 334 140 31 412 203 384 473 YES 1

120 Fresno Pacific University (CA) 65 22 511 87 136 167 289 395 151 332 261 165 452 360 NO 0

121 CUNY Hunter College (NY)* 368 647 97 70 20 530 26 441 573 4 189 256 426 440 NO 1

122 Henderson State University (AR)* 601 598 448 60 157 59 86 533 307 332 255 440 90 66 YES 0

123 Grand Valley State University (MI)* 118 212 423 153 354 433 207 252 500 49 183 131 334 568 NO 4

124 Governors State University (IL)* 145 9 306 509 310 243 320 541 121 332 571 476 397 349 NO 4

125 Western Oregon University (OR)* 418 293 189 218 242 209 252 383 281 264 434 54 176 595 NO 3

126 Utah Valley University (UT)* 556 409 381 374 588 19 33 300 164 277 583 448 249 22 NO 0

127 Point Loma Nazarene University (CA) 3 4 219 183 336 430 448 635 50 149 262 56 112 73 19 NO 0

128 Whitworth University (WA) 41 168 634 328 480 554 539 122 496 254 26 4 196 440 NO 1

129 Univ. of Wisconsin–Green Bay (WI)* 379 443 192 413 147 207 158 100 57 157 265 234 352 142 NO 1

130 Dominican University (IL) 135 190 482 88 39 392 339 217 16 332 390 238 452 88 NO 1

131 SUNY Oswego (NY)* 197 430 278 127 460 296 182 191 305 177 152 60 204 311 NO 1

132 Rockford University (IL) 239 173 83 82 48 105 529 255 19 332 277 476 452 568 NO 0

133 Chapman Univ.–Academic Centers (CA) 3 8 3 265 301 65 191 202 462 62 332 595 476 452 528 NO 0

134 University of Northern Iowa (IA)* 125 211 514 505 609 198 208 115 406 81 91 141 207 75 NO 1

135 Fashion Institute of Technology (NY)* 5 2 156 40 478 366 388 71 158 284 332 595 399 452 142 NO 1

136 Siena Heights University (MI) 179 21 210 250 51 382 278 530 554 332 272 476 452 108 NO 3

137 Saint Xavier University (IL) 206 205 590 69 89 153 253 364 101 332 418 476 401 14 NO 0

138 Alcorn State University (MS)* 446 25 335 6 660 324 271 677 297 36 125 368 25 108 NO 0

139 CUNY Brooklyn College (NY)* 357 399 197 54 50 417 17 515 365 34 311 346 416 440 NO 1

140 Southern Univ. and A&M College (LA)* 597 339 19 5 253 616 171 678 248 73 68 476 34 638 NO 0

141 Bay Path College (MA) 153 126 233 72 102 57 460 443 210 332 595 143 452 360 NO 1

142 SUNY College at Oneonta (NY)* 44 172 244 511 592 197 174 102 352 305 256 157 452 236 NO 1

143 Augsburg College (MN) 168 236 629 202 594 166 469 164 300 168 138 132 251 108 NO 3

144 Weber State University (UT)* 457 243 562 600 303 110 84 210 41 220 513 456 134 215 NO 4

145 Saint Mary’s College of California (CA) 9 8 387 135 493 500 112 652 145 580 332 142 49 272 61 NO 4

146 Columbia Southern University (AL)° 391 58 149 351 4 31 64 532 84 332 595 476 452 665 NO 0

147 Metropolitan State University (MN)* 213 24 680 175 361 181 255 377 258 299 525 205 432 88 NO 4

148 Prescott College (AZ) 562 593 113 126 608 263 500 434 540 284 9 476 452 360 YES 0

149 Southwestern College (KS) 269 8 630 292 145 70 511 340 11 332 174 476 452 75 NO 0

150 Canisius College (NY) 100 153 554 373 654 235 313 153 450 194 22 145 49 440 NO 0 102 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE TOP 150 BACCALAUREATE COLLEGES *Public institution °For-profit institution

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

1 Cooper Un. Advance. of Science & Art (NY)2 1 4 87 18 6 211 34 23 140 30 2 30 95 106 YES 0

2 Goshen College (IN) 8 7 197 184 45 140 91 18 7 52 3 7 95 206 NO 1

3 College of the Ozarks (MO) 15 2 103 25 124 23 61 1 1 52 56 112 23 33 NO 0

4 Cedar Crest College (PA) 28 33 86 163 22 16 116 87 37 52 9 14 95 49 NO 3

5 Montana State University–Northern (MT)* 217 161 152 106 155 79 58 89 33 25 1 112 95 177 YES 1

6 CA State Univ.–Maritime Academy (CA)*7 4 101 124 96 190 1 38 20 91 52 152 46 17 123 NO 0

7 Bennett College for Women (NC) 132 39 80 9 170 11 222 223 98 52 22 6 62 117 YES 0

8 Blackburn College (IL) 151 193 229 22 72 50 50 97 73 52 74 8 95 1 NO 0

9 University of Maine–Farmington (ME)*1 7 100 138 47 93 59 69 48 45 52 32 9 95 16 NO 1

10 Brigham Young University–Idaho (ID) 41 35 34 15 223 25 5 24 34 52 129 101 45 232 NO 1

11 Maine Maritime Academy (ME)* 12 21 182 192 244 2 193 6 42 10 152 112 10 232 NO 0

12 University of South Carolina–Upstate (SC)* 15 9 6 10 161 142 86 70 161 118 34 137 64 37 58 NO 4

13 Calvin College (MI) 3 83 211 55 237 196 185 10 164 6 4 5 30 138 NO 0

14 Ohio Northern University (OH) 5 84 128 97 85 8 211 15 63 44 14 100 42 7 NO 1

15 Kentucky Wesleyan College (KY) 143 204 84 39 87 147 89 120 159 2 36 60 95 190 NO 1

16 Voorhees College (SC) 187 31 28 3 129 96 102 237 95 52 152 29 3 232 NO 0

17 Embry-Riddle Aero. Univ.–Prescott (AZ) 3 3 50 76 158 28 7 246 59 79 52 52 77 1 106 NO 0

18 Cedarville University (OH) 7 95 41 86 243 174 160 4 113 52 12 23 5 83 NO 0

19 University of Montana–Western (MT)* 118 142 22 84 84 224 19 101 153 52 89 15 95 26 YES 0

20 University of Arkansas–Pine Bluff (AR)* 215 177 209 27 136 116 12 222 30 4 59 112 6 71 NO 0

21 Buena Vista University (IA) 30 66 199 24 49 24 138 57 78 52 29 55 18 206 NO 1

22 Messiah College (PA) 2 24 203 156 222 156 233 3 44 24 10 3 78 177 NO 0

23 Loras College (IA) 17 97 140 136 231 126 110 11 104 52 17 2 95 54 NO 0

24 University of Mount Olive (NC) 55 4 19 179 74 53 60 159 11 52 134 112 95 190 NO 0

25 CUNY Medgar Evers College (NY)* 236 147 24 57 70 58 20 210 5 14 128 112 80 232 NO 1

26 Univ. of Wisconsin–Superior (WI)* 114 186 79 74 140 39 40 112 221 28 77 35 40 177 NO 3

27 Grace Christian University (MI) 179 105 8 45 128 104 62 74 4 52 152 112 95 135 NO 0

28 Warner University (FL) 107 19 23 79 29 22 98 198 23 52 145 112 95 222 NO 0

29 University of Pittsburgh–Bradford (PA)* 6 6 130 154 140 247 9 108 26 66 23 65 38 15 88 NO 0

30 Millikin University (IL) 18 47 129 60 122 21 153 56 61 52 31 56 95 103 NO 0

31 Alice Lloyd College (KY) 135 149 5 50 12 66 46 154 167 52 152 112 95 6 NO 0

32 Augustana College (SD) 14 156 96 123 236 167 119 7 135 18 7 48 79 34 NO 0

33 University of South Carolina–Aiken (SC)* 133 150 21 183 171 81 65 149 155 12 73 67 90 21 NO 1

34 Farmingdale State College (NY)* 86 58 120 244 114 107 1 73 24 11 152 105 51 22 NO 1

35 St. Francis College (NY) 72 15 51 203 143 17 73 147 80 52 96 83 76 177 NO 0

36 Oregon Institute of Technology (OR)* 9 4 26 113 206 56 67 87 52 17 5 136 106 95 117 NO 0

37 Penn State Erie–Behrend Coll. (PA)* 6 38 158 92 103 159 202 36 142 3 45 96 19 88 NO 0

38 Carroll College (MT) 19 133 226 166 210 192 214 9 85 52 18 4 9 138 YES 0

39 Shorter University (GA) 106 91 101 116 53 6 164 199 222 52 49 57 95 190 YES 0

40 University of Maine–Fort Kent (ME)* 4 9 12 6 245 86 213 49 79 14 52 152 112 95 36 NO 1

41 Peirce College (PA) 168 9 225 218 18 18 17 211 3 52 152 112 95 69 NO 0

42 Taylor University (IN) 4 74 82 58 194 173 204 12 161 36 5 45 95 190 NO 0

43 Montana Tech/Univ. of Montana (MT)* 8 8 153 207 23 17 247 39 105 180 1 43 112 95 129 YES 1

44 Texas Lutheran University (TX) 142 185 174 211 100 43 123 84 62 52 11 28 77 19 NO 1

45 College of St. Joseph (VT) 104 16 37 64 89 47 115 109 9 52 152 112 95 149 NO 0

46 San Jose Christian College (CA) 11 11 43 154 132 203 131 65 117 52 152 112 2 149 NO 0

47 CUNY York College (NY)* 183 151 33 229 60 114 2 191 43 20 132 109 57 159 NO 1

48 Oklahoma Baptist University (OK) 112 197 157 62 139 78 100 33 40 52 13 36 50 49 NO 0

49 Central Christian College of Kansas (KS) 111 43 9 181 23 129 156 76 2 52 152 112 95 109 NO 0

50 Marietta College (OH) 23 78 188 128 121 218 190 35 125 52 6 11 95 117 NO 0 104 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

BACCALAUREATE COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

51 Hastings College (NE) 34 89 35 131 168 61 139 29 108 52 16 78 95 168 NO 0

52 Cazenovia College (NY) 51 63 66 118 208 83 67 61 96 52 152 21 69 67 NO 0

53 MacMurray College (IL) 131 143 7 35 69 97 137 94 39 52 135 112 95 69 NO 0

54 Clarke University (IA) 21 52 26 107 98 92 224 30 59 52 38 112 95 138 NO 1

55 Lake Superior State University (MI)* 101 129 159 52 64 143 15 117 199 15 20 98 95 56 NO 0

56 Blue Mountain College (MS) 52 29 167 19 67 102 30 128 172 52 26 112 95 232 NO 0

57 Bluefield State College (WV)* 159 96 123 43 3 136 11 215 239 37 115 89 95 2 NO 1

58 Penn State–Worthington Scranton (PA)* 75 61 131 112 226 20 53 36 75 52 152 112 43 88 NO 0

59 University of Maine–Presque Isle (ME)* 62 20 98 120 33 111 22 153 213 52 149 80 95 145 NO 1

60 Univ. of Arkansas–Fort Smith (AR)* 201 172 63 110 5 121 9 185 132 52 139 108 35 56 NO 1

61 York College (NE) 156 166 97 115 209 142 106 86 67 52 23 26 95 15 NO 0

62 Flagler College–St. Augustine (FL) 27 75 46 202 151 57 172 98 218 52 68 16 95 168 NO 1

63 Concordia College–New York (NY) 42 10 104 235 104 70 118 121 53 52 126 34 95 168 NO 0

64 Brigham Young University–Hawaii (HI) 13 70 178 223 233 72 24 50 101 50 25 87 81 232 NO 0

65 Missouri Southern State Univ. (MO)* 160 174 186 7 14 135 14 176 188 52 91 37 95 24 NO 0

66 Penn State–Altoona (PA)* 16 25 189 193 188 28 197 36 103 21 138 93 11 88 NO 0

67 Waldorf University (IA)° 148 123 16 56 35 103 179 108 16 52 152 112 95 27 NO 0

68 Castleton State College (VT)* 69 72 133 204 134 202 101 22 22 35 106 39 32 117 NO 1

69 Ohio State–Marion (OH)* 102 132 135 83 197 13 35 85 173 52 152 112 95 78 NO 0

70 Defiance College (OH) 93 114 115 125 99 134 235 99 138 52 21 20 95 206 YES 0

71 University of Mount Union (OH) 25 86 216 102 106 89 203 25 49 52 27 76 92 206 NO 2

72 Missouri Western State University (MO)* 181 213 164 145 48 110 23 192 227 42 122 91 29 145 NO 4

73 Urbana University (OH) 178 98 1 247 21 55 130 148 97 52 152 112 95 200 NO 0

74 Bluefield College (VA) 76 34 100 129 34 19 194 129 57 52 143 112 95 103 NO 0

75 Trinity Christian College (IL) 36 120 194 26 24 91 174 34 28 52 40 53 95 168 NO 0

76 Penn State–Schuylkill (PA)* 137 136 214 146 240 5 84 36 15 52 152 112 95 88 NO 0

77 Florida Memorial University (FL) 182 94 15 53 115 179 132 243 219 52 111 33 59 17 NO 1

78 Colby-Sawyer College (NH) 90 203 168 185 205 112 200 19 32 52 121 10 64 20 NO 1

79 Catawba College (NC) 37 32 160 196 203 90 163 81 52 52 48 54 75 49 NO 0

80 Penn. State Univ.–New Kensington (PA)* 73 51 58 199 196 100 45 36 64 52 152 112 58 88 NO 0

81 Penn State–Wilkes-Barre (PA)* 57 36 126 187 207 82 54 36 68 33 152 112 47 88 NO 0

82 University of Hawaii–West Oahu (HI)* 92 140 4 214 43 246 6 146 206 52 152 102 48 109 NO 1

83 Rochester College (MI) 45 14 31 189 82 85 94 181 166 52 152 112 95 83 NO 0

84 CUNY NYC College of Technology (NY)* 222 229 61 68 20 212 3 188 48 22 152 110 93 232 NO 1

85 Univ. of Minnesota–Crookston (MN)* 98 125 205 238 162 221 25 54 119 48 151 86 95 47 NO 4

86 Le Moyne-Owen College (TN) 209 55 102 16 135 131 16 242 122 50 72 112 95 177 NO 0

87 Wesley College (DE) 207 201 57 216 178 15 210 168 19 52 83 42 89 138 NO 0

88 Wilberforce University (OH) 227 117 53 99 227 46 151 214 6 52 50 112 95 221 NO 0

89 Penn State–Abington (PA)* 85 170 114 144 216 68 36 36 84 52 152 112 36 88 NO 0

90 Huntington University (IN) 44 60 93 135 204 108 145 14 20 52 108 112 95 43 NO 0

91 North Carolina Wesleyan College (NC) 136 68 94 75 37 40 143 203 51 52 146 112 41 61 NO 0

92 Penn State–Brandywine (PA)* 122 169 90 212 224 35 43 36 54 52 152 112 38 88 NO 0

93 Cogswell College (CA) 63 82 36 36 141 60 192 47 72 52 152 112 95 228 NO 0

94 Eureka College (IL) 38 62 169 81 127 122 121 60 110 52 51 112 95 12 NO 0

95 Valley City State University (ND)* 89 93 183 225 160 49 26 31 71 47 93 112 95 138 NO 0

96 Hilbert College (NY) 79 80 117 30 101 29 77 145 217 52 152 112 74 123 NO 0

97 Northwestern College (IA) 20 128 206 85 213 183 186 5 46 52 15 50 95 78 NO 0

98 Limestone College (SC) 31 6 68 91 25 80 229 201 86 52 131 112 95 149 NO 0

99 Lander University (SC)* 115 138 134 171 191 34 59 175 177 52 117 112 12 159 NO 0

100 Grand View University (IA) 61 110 122 80 169 88 117 67 146 52 99 112 66 88 NO 1 106 September/October 2018 SOCIAL MOBILITY RESEARCH SERVICE

BACCALAUREATE COLLEGES

% of federal work-study funds GraduationGrad rate rate rank performancePell graduationPell rank performance gap rankFirst-gen rank performanceEarnings performanceNet rank price rankRepayment rank Repayment rank rate performanceResearch rank expendituresBachelor’s rank to PhD rank Peace CorpsROTC rank rank spent on serviceMatches rank AmeriCorpsVoting engagement service grants? points

101 Averett University (VA) 166 160 217 175 73 10 207 158 50 52 42 112 95 43 NO 1

102 Indiana University–Kokomo (IN)* 192 167 136 243 71 73 10 170 201 27 150 95 87 10 NO 1

103 Chowan University (NC) 226 198 65 105 230 12 112 209 21 52 152 112 95 159 NO 0

104 Toccoa Falls College (GA) 78 73 18 160 228 208 159 72 130 52 79 72 95 149 NO 0

105 Tennessee Wesleyan College (TN) 145 188 230 149 11 71 37 106 74 52 67 112 95 14 NO 0

106 Granite State College (NH)* 82 22 218 150 59 65 74 140 152 52 152 112 95 72 NO 1

107 Dordt College (IA) 22 168 30 88 219 170 225 2 12 52 47 112 95 72 NO 0

108 Crown College (MN) 48 71 14 78 110 238 195 32 29 52 112 112 83 134 NO 0

109 Dickinson State University (ND)* 202 236 119 220 78 158 28 21 8 26 70 112 95 53 NO 0

110 Texas College (TX) 146 5 32 6 102 234 88 240 136 52 152 112 95 149 NO 0

111 Coker College (SC) 63 30 83 61 68 120 96 200 185 45 152 112 95 61 NO 0

112 Penn State–Lehigh Valley (PA)* 46 48 185 126 180 153 44 36 94 31 152 112 63 88 NO 0

113 San Diego Christian College (CA) 109 85 2 117 138 217 244 69 10 52 142 112 71 37 NO 0

114 Martin Methodist College (TN) 140 144 3 49 16 99 191 202 238 52 152 75 95 126 NO 0

115 Wiley College (TX) 223 165 196 59 153 31 76 233 139 7 92 112 95 159 NO 0

116 Barton College (NC) 105 118 127 186 192 42 178 130 120 52 76 41 95 78 NO 0

117 McPherson College (KS) 40 27 48 98 113 184 162 82 92 52 152 112 95 38 NO 0

118 Herzing University–Atlanta (GA)° 184 88 13 38 30 69 234 219 65 52 152 112 95 177 NO 0

119 Williams Baptist College (AR) 121 134 109 69 57 63 80 123 156 52 152 112 95 129 NO 0

120 Maranatha Baptist Bible College (WI) 138 211 81 114 242 115 141 8 38 52 152 70 7 232 NO 0

121 Central State University (OH)* 230 183 223 94 187 171 48 244 200 9 84 13 16 123 NO 0

122 Morris College (SC) 185 41 139 11 181 191 93 241 137 52 61 112 13 145 NO 0

123 Wisconsin Lutheran College (WI) 32 139 163 46 92 214 109 16 26 52 58 112 49 159 NO 0

124 Warner Pacific College (OR) 67 18 118 143 66 148 196 143 99 52 152 44 95 149 NO 0

125 Bluffton University (OH) 26 23 221 191 83 130 209 46 18 52 41 69 95 177 NO 0

126 Howard Payne University (TX) 129 115 143 122 123 64 135 155 211 52 24 112 95 12 NO 0

127 Univ. of Phoenix–Oregon (OR)° 197 178 52 10 2 4 177 224 248 52 152 112 95 232 NO 0

128 Wilmington College (OH) 130 187 56 71 50 165 201 78 55 52 66 112 84 177 NO 1

129 Humphreys Coll.–Stockton & Modesto (CA) 87 17 91 41 9 124 82 221 246 52 152 112 95 65 NO 0

130 Penn State–York (PA)* 84 141 195 148 147 44 55 36 69 52 152 112 95 88 NO 0

131 Hannibal-LaGrange University (MO) 56 53 95 188 38 77 134 88 107 52 152 112 95 177 NO 0

132 Benedictine College (KS) 39 181 25 104 234 195 206 27 210 52 55 59 24 159 NO 1

133 Talladega College (AL) 126 8 105 28 90 215 68 245 215 52 54 112 95 78 NO 0

134 Adrian College (MI) 80 158 44 132 150 187 219 83 149 52 39 49 46 34 NO 0

135 Wilson College (PA) 120 121 220 242 96 172 113 70 27 52 109 12 95 49 NO 0

136 Harris-Stowe State University (MO)* 248 223 71 63 167 155 21 235 124 52 125 85 68 58 NO 1

137 West Liberty University (WV)* 50 54 219 162 55 45 47 167 233 52 101 112 95 67 NO 0

138 Ottawa University–Ottawa (KS) 195 205 77 210 65 37 149 177 182 52 62 52 65 135 NO 0

139 Alderson Broaddus College (WV) 127 202 215 127 133 38 103 90 88 46 57 112 95 83 NO 0

140 Tabor College (KS) 58 57 116 121 88 175 189 71 60 52 71 112 95 40 NO 0

141 Ferrum College (VA) 221 226 155 133 177 76 122 171 81 39 85 19 95 206 NO 0

142 John Paul the Great Catholic Univ. (CA) 9 13 50 95 198 32 241 28 168 52 152 112 95 168 NO 0

143 Greensboro College (NC) 175 163 132 230 217 75 232 131 56 52 34 17 52 177 NO 0

144 Oklahoma Panhandle State Univ. (OK)* 172 81 27 241 97 216 41 165 162 52 148 112 95 8 NO 0

145 Unity College (ME) 29 90 200 5 46 249 199 63 158 52 152 1 95 129 NO 1

146 University of the Ozarks (AR) 110 145 235 17 26 109 81 102 123 52 46 112 95 206 NO 0

147 Manchester University (IN) 59 113 201 194 154 161 181 62 115 52 19 112 95 168 NO 1

148 University of Mobile (AL) 95 146 156 40 79 54 168 196 232 52 64 112 44 168 NO 1

149 Mars Hill University (NC) 170 192 144 73 199 180 107 138 134 52 87 112 95 9 NO 1

150 Iowa Wesleyan College (IA) 116 127 78 177 179 138 227 142 194 52 90 112 95 11 SOME 1 108 September/October 2018 dents, came from IPEDS and counted for 16.66 percent of the social mo- A NOTE ON METHODOLOGY: bility score. Half of that score was determined by the reported graduation rate and the other half came from comparing the reported gradua- Voting engagement points 4-YEAR COLLEGES tion rate to a predicted graduation rate based on the percentage of Pell AND UNIVERSITIES recipients and first-generation students, the percentage of students receiving student loans, the admit rate, the racial/ethnic and gender o establish the set of colleges included in the rankings, we start- makeup of the student body, the number of students (overall and full- ed with the 1,739 colleges in the fifty states that are listed in the time), and whether a college is primarily residential. We estimated this T U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Edu- predicted graduation rate measure in a regression model separately for cation Data System (IPEDS) and have a 2015 Carnegie basic classifica- each classification using average data from the last three years, imput- tion of research, master’s, baccalaureate, and baccalaureate/associate’s ing for missing data when necessary. Colleges with graduation rates colleges, are not exclusively graduate colleges, participate in federal that are higher than the “average” college with similar stats score bet- financial aid programs, and plan to be open in fall 2018. We then ex- ter than colleges that match or, worse, undershoot the mark. A few col- cluded 179 baccalaureate and baccalaureate/associate’s-level colleges leges had predicted graduation rates over 100 percent, which we then which reported that at least half of the undergraduate degrees award- trimmed back to 100 percent. ed between 2013 and 2015 were below the bachelor’s-degree level, as We used new IPEDS data on Pell Grant recipients’ graduation well as twenty-four colleges with fewer than 100 undergraduate stu- rates for the first time this year, comparing graduation rates of Pell and dents in any year they were open between fall 2014 and fall 2016 and an non-Pell students to develop a Pell graduation gap measure. Colleg- additional eleven colleges with fewer than twenty-five students in the es that had higher Pell than non-Pell graduation rates received a posi- federal graduation rate cohort in 2016. tive score on this measure, which was based on just the one year of Next, we decided to exclude the five federal military academies available data and counted for 16.66 percent of a college’s score. We (Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Merchant Marine, and Navy) because also used IPEDS data for the percentage of a college’s students receiv- their unique missions make them difficult to evaluate using our meth- ing Pell Grants and College Scorecard data on the percentage of first- odology. Our rankings are based in part on the percentage of students generation students to get at colleges’ commitments to educating a di- receiving Pell Grants and the percentage of students enrolled in the Re- verse group of students. These percentages counted for 8.33 percent serve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), whereas the service academies of the social mobility score, with 5.56 percent for percent Pell and 2.77 provide all students with free tuition (and thus no Pell Grants or student percent for percent first-generation. We then estimated predicted per- loans) and commission graduates as officers in the armed services (and centages of Pell recipients and first-generation students based on re- thus not the ROTC program). Finally, we dropped an additional thirty- gressions using admit rates and ACT/SAT scores. The gaps between ac- two colleges for not having data on at least one of our key social mobil- tual and predicted percentages counted for 8.33 percent of a college’s ity outcomes (percent Pell, graduation rate, or net price). This resulted in score, with 5.56 percent for Pell performance and 2.77 percent for first- a final sample of 1,488 colleges and includes public, private nonprofit, generation performance. We measured a college’s affordability using and for-profit colleges. data from IPEDS for the average net prices paid by first-time, full-time, Our rankings consist of three equally weighted portions: social in-state students with family incomes below $75,000 per year over the mobility, research, and community and national service. This means last three years. We focused on these income categories because of our that top-ranked colleges needed to be excellent across the full breadth interest in affordability for students from lower- to middle-income fam- of our measures, rather than excelling in just one measure. In order to ilies. Net price counted for 16.66 percent of the social mobility score. ensure that each measurement contributed equally to a college’s score The first metric of financial success we used compares the me- within any given category, we standardized each data element so that dian earnings of a college’s former students (graduates and dropouts each had a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one (unless not- alike) ten years after initial enrollment to predicted earnings based on ed). The data was also adjusted to account for statistical outliers. No col- the variables used to predict graduation rates as well as two other fac- lege’s performance in any single area was allowed to exceed five stan- tors designed to take colleges’ missions and locations into account. dard deviations from the mean of the data set. All measures use an av- We adjusted for a college’s mix of bachelor’s degrees awarded, using erage of the three most recent years of data (except where noted) in an STEM, education, business, health, social science, and liberal arts as effort to get a better picture of a college’s performance rather than sta- broad degree categories. We also adjusted for regional living costs us- tistical noise. Thanks to rounding, some colleges have the same overall ing fair market rent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics to account score. We have ranked them according to their pre-rounding results. for the fact that $40,000 per year in the rural South goes much farther The social mobility portion of the ranking also doubles as our than $40,000 per year in the Washington metropolitan area. This met- Best Bang for the Buck rankings, with the exception that the main rank- ric is worth 16.66 percent of the social mobility score. The other financial ings are by Carnegie classification while the Best Bang for the Buck success metric is the student loan repayment rate, reflecting the per- rankings are by region (while predicted rates are calculated by Carn- centage of students who paid down at least $1 in principal within five egie classification). For the first time in 2018, we used a college’s gradu- years of leaving college and entering repayment. We use the raw repay- ation rate over eight years for all students instead of the first-time, full- ment rate for 8.33 percent of the social mobility score and a regression- time graduation rate that was the only measure available in the past. adjusted repayment rate (using the same predictors as the graduation This graduation rate, which was only available for one cohort of stu- rate metric) for another 8.33 percent.

Washington Monthly 109 Classes are still available The research score for national universities is based on five mea- Classesfor are this still fall. available surements: the total amount of an institution’s research spending (from for this fall. the Center for Measuring University Performance and the National Find out more at Findhowardcc.edu out more at Science Foundation); the number of science and engineering PhDs howardcc.edu awarded by the university; the number of undergraduate alumni who have gone on to receive a PhD in any subject, relative to the size of the college; the number of faculty receiving prestigious awards, relative to the number of full-time faculty; and the number of faculty in the Na- tional Academies, relative to the number of full-time faculty. For national universities, we weighted each of these components equally to de- termine a college’s final score in the category. For liberal arts colleges, master’s universities, and baccalaureate colleges, which do not have extensive doctoral programs, science and engineering PhDs were excluded and we gave double weight to the number of alumni who go on to get PhDs. Faculty awards and National Academy membership were not included in the research score for these institutions because such data is available for only a relative handful of these colleges. We determined the community service score by measuring each college’s performance in five different measures. We judged military service by collecting data on the size of each college’s Air Force, Army, and Navy ROTC programs and dividing by the number of students. We similarly measured national service by dividing the number of alumDiscover- the ni currently serving in the Peace Corps by total enrollment. We usedDiscover the the percentage of federal work-study grant money spent on commuValue- of Learning nity service projects as a measure of how much colleges prioritize comValue- of Learning munity service; this is based on data provided by the Corporation atfor Howard National and Community Service. Each of these three measures wasat Howard standardized using a three-year rolling average, except for work studyCommunity (which used the two most recent years of data available). Community We then added an indicator for whether a college providedCollege at least some matching funds for undergraduate students who had Collegere- ceived a Segal AmeriCorps Education Award for having completed national service. Colleges that awarded at least some grants to students regardless of programs received two points, colleges that limited grants to specific undergraduate programs received one point, and Howard Community College is proud to be colleges that did not participate or limited awards to only graduate stu- recognized by Washington Monthly in its list of top dents received no points. 100 two-year colleges for adult students. At HCC, Finally, we added a new measure of voting engagement to the you will find flexible and diverse programs, credit for 2018 rankings using data from the National Study of Learning, Voting, prior learning, plus services to help you succeed: and Engagement (NSLVE) at Tufts University and the ALL IN Campus Howard CommunityAcademic College advising is proud to be Democracy Challenge. Colleges could earn one point for each of four recognized by WashingtonFinancial Monthly aid in its list of top criteria: participating in the NSLVE survey, publicly releasing a report 100 two-year colleges for adult students. At HCC, on student voting rates in either 2014 or 2016, participating in the ALL Military and veteran support IN Campus Democracy Challenge to improve civic engagement, or re- you will find flexible andTutoring diverse programs, credit for leasing an action plan through ALL IN. prior learning, plusPersonal services counseling to help you succeed: We compared our rankings to the U.S. Department of Education’s Career placement list of colleges subject to the most severe level of heightened cash Financial aid monitoring, which indicates that a college is facing significant financial Military and veteran support problems or has other serious issues that need to be addressed. Two colleges (Cheyney University in Pennsylvania and Eastern Nazarene Tutoring College in Massachusetts) were on that list as of March 2018. We kept Personal counseling these colleges in our rankings, but denoted them with ^^ to draw this concern to readers’ attention. Finally, we checked a random sample of Career placement colleges to see if they had any serious issues that had been exposed in recent news coverage. No institution had concerns that rose to the level of us removing them from our rankings. —Eds.

110 September/October 2018