DOCSLIB.ORG

Ruta De La Memoria the Route of Memory Santiago 1973-1989

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ruta De La Memoria the Route of Memory Santiago 1973-1989 Ruta de la Memoria The Route of Memory Santiago 1973-1989 Ruta Patrimonial N°48 Ruta de la Memoria Santiago 1973 - 1989. Región Metropolitana Ministerio de Bienes Nacionales 1 Ruta de la Memoria The Route of Memory Santiago 1973-1989 Región Metropolitana 3 4 Ruta de la Memoria / The Route of Memory Índice/Index SANTIAGO CENTRO: TrAMO ALAMEDA /Central Santiago: Alameda Section 9 1) Londres 38, Espacio de Memorias/ Londres 38, Space of Memories 10 2) Sitio de Memoria Ex Clínica Santa Lucía/ Ex-Santa Lucía Clinic Memory Site 14 3) La Moneda (Morandé 80)/ La Moneda (80 Morandé) 16 4) Mujeres en la Memoria/ Women in our Memory 18 5) FASIC (Archivos y sede)/ FASIC (Archives and headquarters) 20 6) Museo de la Solidaridad Salvador Allende/ Salvador Allende Solidarity Museum 22 7) Estadio Víctor Jara/ Victor Jara Stadium 24 SANTIAGO CENTRO: TRAMO PONIENTE/ Central Santiago:Western Section 29 1) Cementerio General: Patio 29, Memorial a los Detenidos Desaparecidos y Tumba de Víctor Jara 30 General Cemetery 2) Puente Bulnes: Muro de la Memoria y Plaza Joan Alsina 36 Bulnes Bridge: Memory Wall and Joan Alsina Square 3) Cuartel Borgoño/Borgoño Station 38 4) Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos/Museum of Memory and Human Rights 40 CORDILLERA/ Cordillera (Mountain Range) Section 45 1) Estadio Nacional/ National Stadium 46 2) Casa de Memoria José Domingo Cañas/ José Domingo Cañas Memory House 50 3) Venda Sexy/ Venda Sexy (Sexy Blindfold) 54 4) Parque por la Paz Villa Grimaldi/ Villa Grimaldi Peace Park 56 5) Centro de Tortura Simón Bolívar 8800/ 8800 Simon Bolivar Torture Center 60 6) Archivo Vicaría de la Solidaridad / Vicariate of Solidarity Archives 62 HITOS PERIFÉRICOS/Outlying Landmarks 65 1) Memorial Paine / Paine Memorial 66 2) Memorial Las Sillas (homenaje a Nattino, Parada y Guerrero) 70 Las Sillas (The chairs) Memorial (tribute to Nattino, Parada and Guerrero) 3) Tres y Cuatro Álamos/ Three and Four Alamos 72 4) Sitio de Memoria Nido 20 / Nest 20 Memory Site 74 5) Memorial Hornos de Lonquén / Lonquen Furnaces Memorial 76 6) Casa André Jarlan y Pierre Dubois / André Jarlan and Pierre Dubois House 78 OTROS HITOS/ Other Landmarks 81 5 Introducción Los sitios que componen la Ruta de la Memoria, son la huella de la historia recien- te del Chile marcado por las violaciones de los derechos humanos de miles de chi- lenas y chilenos durante la dictadura cívico-militar que abarcó desde 1973 a 1990. El Ministerio de Bienes Nacionales, como institución responsable de administrar el pa- trimonio fiscal y de tener el control superior de los bienes de uso público, ofrece una versión actualizada de esta ruta para contribuir al conocimiento y reflexión sobre el valor patrimonial de la memoria en aquellos lugares vinculados con la violación de los derechos humanos, con expresiones de solidaridad y lucha por la defensa de estos de- rechos. Los 23 hitos principales de esta ruta nos muestran el dolor de quienes fueron víctimas , a la vez, muestra la esperanza y la fuerza de quienes han trabajado por pre- servar y difundir esta memoria colectiva. El 11 de septiembre de 1973, un golpe militar puso fin al gobierno del presidente Salva- dor Allende yterminó con su proyecto político, con el cual muchos se sentían identifi- cados. Las primeras medidas de la dictadura tuvieron como objetivo eliminar las agru- paciones políticas y sociales a través de la detención masiva de dirigentes, militantes, funcionarios públicos, académicos, estudiantes y partidarios del gobierno de la Unidad Popular. Se instauró una política de terrorismo de Estado, y para ello se instalaron cam- pos de detención masiva y centros de tortura; allanamientos masivos y ejecución de opositores a lo largo del país, fueron recurrentes. El orden impuesto a través del terror fue la estrategia utilizada durante el régi- men militar, marcando a la sociedad chilena, que durante años aprendió a vivir bajo esas condiciones creando nuevas organizaciones sociales clandestinas, movili- zándose a nivel local y demandando el fin de la represión y del autoritarismo en el país. A partir de los años 80 la gente se movilizó, impulsando protestas masivas en contra de la dictadura. Si bien ese movimiento no logró derrocar al régimen, ganó espacios públicos para manifestar su oposición a la represión. Así, se comienza a preparar desde las diferentes posiciones políticas una transición a la democracia, que culminó en 1988 con un plebiscito en que el 56 % de la población votó por la opción “No”, oponiéndose así a la voluntad de Augusto Pinochet de extender su mandato por ocho años más. En marzo de 1990, Pinochet entregó el poder a un presidente democráticamente electo: Patricio Aylwin. Esta ruta es una invitación a recorrer parte de esta historia. También responde a la necesidad de rescatar y proteger los lugares en donde quedaron huellas materiales e intangibles de lo sucedido. Al ir avanzando por los hitos que se proponen, el visitante podrá conocer y re- flexionar sobre los traumáticos sucesos ocurridos desde 1973; pero también ello resulta sanador, pues muestra la acción de chilenas y chilenos por restaurar las heridas. La realización de esta Ruta de la Memoria se enmarca dentro de estos es- fuerzos. 6 Ruta de la Memoria / The Route of Memory Introduction The landmarks that are part of the The Route of Memory constitute the footprints of Chile´s recent history, deeply marked by the violations of human rights committed against thousands of Chilean men and women, during 1973 to 1990, period of the civilian-military dictatorship. The Ministerio de Bienes Nacionales (Public Works Department or Ministry), institution in charge of administering public assets and having utmost control over property of public use, now offers an updated version of this route. It seeks to be a contribution towards public knowledge and re- flection concerning the patrimonial value of memory in those spaces linked to the violation of human rights and to expressions of solidarity and struggle to defend those rights. The 23 main landmarks of this Route show the pain of those that were victims, but at the same time, they show us the hope and the strength of those that have worked to preserve and make this collective memory known to others. On September 11, 1973, a military Coup put an end to the government of president Salvador Allende and crushed his political project, with which many were identified. The first measures of the dictatorship were aimed at eliminating political and social organizations by means of massive arrest of leaders, party members, public employees, academics, students and supporters of the Popular Unity government. A policy of state terrorism was implemented and for that purpose massive detention camps and torture centers were set up; massive house raids and execution of opposition figures throughout the country also became frequent. Order imposed by terror was the strategy used during the military regime, profoundly affecting Chilean society, whom for years learned to live under these conditions, creating new underground social organizations, mobilizing at the local level and demanding an end to repression and autho- ritarianism in the country. Beginning in the 80´s people mobilized and organized massive protests against the dictatorship. Even if this movement was unable to put and (an) end to the regime, it opened public spaces for opposing its repression. In this manner, the different political tendencies began to prepare a tran- sition to democracy, culminating in 1988 with a plebiscite in which 56 percent of the population voted for the “No” option, rejecting Augusto Pinochet’s will to extend his mandate another eight years. In March 1990, Pinochet transferred power to a democratically elected president: Patricio Aylwin. This Route is an invitation to travel along part of this history. It also has to do with the need to recover and protect tplaces where material and intangible traces of what happened still remain. While traveling through the landmarks proposed, the visitor will get to know and reflect upon the traumatic events that occurred after 1973; but this should also be a healing process, since it shows the many actions carried out by Chilean women and men to heal the wounds. The imple- mentation of this The Route of Memory is an effort in that direction.By private transportation, take Autopista del Sol Highway, get off at Talagante-Isla de Maipo exit and drive south for 10 Kms, on the road to Isla de Maipo. Ruta de la Memoria / The Route of Memory 7 Londres 38 Espacio de Memorias Londres 38, Space of Memories 2 SANTIAGO CENTRO Santa Rosa 1 TRAMO ALAMEDA Central Santiago:Alameda Section 3 Isabel Santa Morandé 1) Londres 38, Espacio de Memorias Londres 38, Space of Memories 2) Sitio de Memoria Ex Clínica Santa Lucía Ex-Santa María Clinic Memory Site Av. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins Bernardo Libertador Av. Moneda 5 4 3) La Moneda (Morandé 80) La Moneda (80 Morandé) Ruta 5 4) Mujeres en la Memoria Women in our Memory 5) FASIC (Archivos y sede) FASIC (Archives and headquarters) 6 6) Museo deAv. la RepúblicaSolidaridad Salvador Allende Salvador 7Allende Solidarity Museum 7) Estadio Víctor Jara Victor Jara Stadium Libertad Hito N° 1 /Landmark N° 1 Londres 38, Espacio de Memorias Londres 38, Space of Memories 1 Entre septiembre de 1973 y octubre de 1974, fue uno de los centros clandestinos de detención, tortura y exterminio más importantes de la dictadura cívico-militar encabezada por Augusto Pinochet. Between September 1973 to October 1974, the site was one of the most important secret detention, torture and extermination centers of the civilian-military dictatorship headed by Augusto Pinochet. DIREccIÓN VISITAS CÓMO LLEGAR Address Schedule Directions Londres 38, Santiago Martes a viernes de 10 Metro/subway: a 13 horas y de 15 a 18 Línea 1, estaciones: TIPO Universidad de Chile o Category horas, y los días sábado de 10 horas a 14 horas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Narrow but Endlessly Deep: the Struggle for Memorialisation in Chile Since the Transition to Democracy
    NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY PETER READ & MARIVIC WYNDHAM Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Read, Peter, 1945- author. Title: Narrow but endlessly deep : the struggle for memorialisation in Chile since the transition to democracy / Peter Read ; Marivic Wyndham. ISBN: 9781760460211 (paperback) 9781760460228 (ebook) Subjects: Memorialization--Chile. Collective memory--Chile. Chile--Politics and government--1973-1988. Chile--Politics and government--1988- Chile--History--1988- Other Creators/Contributors: Wyndham, Marivic, author. Dewey Number: 983.066 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: The alarm clock, smashed at 14 minutes to 11, symbolises the anguish felt by Michele Drouilly Yurich over the unresolved disappearance of her sister Jacqueline in 1974. This edition © 2016 ANU Press I don’t care for adulation or so that strangers may weep. I sing for a far strip of country narrow but endlessly deep. No las lisonjas fugaces ni las famas extranjeras sino el canto de una lonja hasta el fondo de la tierra.1 1 Victor Jara, ‘Manifiesto’, tr. Bruce Springsteen,The Nation, 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Portrayals of Pinochet: Historical Narratives in Chilean Schools
    University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) 2016 Portrayals of Pinochet: Historical Narratives in Chilean Schools Katie J. Wright University of Mississippi. Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Wright, Katie J., "Portrayals of Pinochet: Historical Narratives in Chilean Schools" (2016). Honors Theses. 526. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/526 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Portrayals of Pinochet: Historical Narratives in Chilean Schools by Katie Wright A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College. Oxford May 2016 Approved by ___________________________________ Advisor: Dr. Marcos Mendoza ___________________________________ Reader: Dr. Kees Gispen ___________________________________ Reader: Dr. Luanne Buchanan ABSTRACT How is the Augusto Pinochet dictatorship represented historically in contemporary Chilean society? To answer this question, this thesis examines the education system, with a focus on high schools and universities in Valparaíso, Chile. I argue that there are two competing discourses about the Pinochet administration - a majority, anti-dictatorship perspective and a minority, pro-regime position - which selectively emphasize differing aspects of the regime. The anti position focuses on human rights violations while the pro perspective puts greater weight on economic achievements. This maps onto Chilean high school institutions, with a majority of upper and upper-middle class students attending private schools and a majority of lower class students attending public schools.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Forensic Anthropology in Chile
    Syracuse University SURFACE Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Projects Spring 5-1-2014 Identifying Desaparecidos: The Development of Forensic Anthropology in Chile Amanda M. Quinn Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/honors_capstone Part of the Other Anthropology Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Quinn, Amanda M., "Identifying Desaparecidos: The Development of Forensic Anthropology in Chile" (2014). Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects. 802. https://surface.syr.edu/honors_capstone/802 This Honors Capstone Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Identifying Desaparecidos : The Development of Forensic Anthropology in Chile A Capstone Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Renée Crown University Honors Program at Syracuse University Amanda M. Quinn Candidate for B.A. Degree and Renée Crown University Honors May 2014 Honors Capstone Project in Anthropology Capstone Project Advisor: _______________________ Shannon A. Novak Associate Professor of Anthropology Capstone Project Reader: _______________________ Cristian Silva Director of Operations, International Field Initiatives and Forensic Training (IFIFT) Honors Director: _______________________ Stephen Kuusisto, Director Date: April 23, 2014 i Abstract Between 1973 and 1990, Pinochet’s dictatorship in Chile implemented the systematic practice of forced disappearances and extrajudicial killings in order to eradicate the imagined “communist cancer” (Wyndham and Read 2010: 31). A total of 3,227 deaths have been tallied; 1,465 of these were cases of detenidos- desaparecidos , or enforced disappearances (Garrido and Intriago 2012: 34).
    [Show full text]
  • DERECHOS HUMANOS, PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA, Y SOCIEDAD CIVIL Latin American Program
    LA “NUEVA IZQUIERDA” EN AMÉRICA LATINA: DERECHOS HUMANOS, PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA, Y SOCIEDAD CIVIL Latin American Program LA “NUEVA IZQUIERDA” EN AMÉRICA LATINA: DERECHOS HUMANOS, PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA, Y SOCIEDAD CIVIL Compilado por Cynthia J. Arnson Ariel C. Armony Catalina Smulovitz Gastón Chillier Enrique Peruzzotti con Giselle Cohen Enero 2009 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by pro- viding a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publi- cations and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advi- sory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news-letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. Lee H. Hamilton, President and Director Board of Trustees Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair Sander R.
    [Show full text]
  • A/HRC/22/45/Add.1 General Assembly
    United Nations A/HRC/22/45/Add.1 General Assembly Distr.: General 29 January 2013 English Original: Spanish Human Rights Council Twenty-second session Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances Addendum Mission to Chile * Summary At the invitation of the Government of Chile, the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances visited the country from 13 to 21 August 2012. The Working Group recognizes that since the return to democracy, significant steps have been taken to secure truth, justice, reparation and to preserve memory in the face of the grave human rights violations committed during the military dictatorship. These achievements have been the result of initiatives undertaken, promoted or carried out mainly by relatives of the victims, civil society and some State actors. The Working Group noted that the State should assert its responsibility and leadership by ensuring that these initiatives are part of a comprehensive, consistent and continuous policy. Chile still faces other important challenges, including the fact that the Amnesty Decree-Law is still in force, the imposition of minor penalties on perpetrators, the slow progress of judicial proceedings, the continued use of military courts — even in cases of human rights violations — and the absence of a national plan to search for disappeared persons. * The summary of this report is being distributed in all official languages. The full report, which is annexed to this summary, is being circulated in the language of submission and English only.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Public History of a Concentration Camp: Historical Tales of Tragedy and Hope at the National Stadium of Chile Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7hb9q786 Author McKiernan, Zachary Daniel Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara The Public History of a Concentration Camp: Historical Tales of Tragedy and Hope at the National Stadium of Chile A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Zachary D. McKiernan Committee in charge: Professor Randolph Bergstrom, Chair Professor Harold Marcuse Professor Cecilia Méndez Professor John Foran September 2014 The dissertation of Zachary D. McKiernan is approved. _____________________________________________ John Foran _____________________________________________ Cecilia Méndez _____________________________________________ Harold Marcuse _____________________________________________ Randolph Bergstrom, Committee Chair July 2014 VITA OF ZACHARY D. MCKIERNAN July 2014 EDUCATION Bachelor of Arts in History, Loyola University Chicago, May 2006 (summa cum laude) Masters of Arts in Latin American and Iberian Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara, June 2008 Doctor of Philosophy in Public History, University of California, Santa Barbara, July 2014 PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYMENT 1996-2002: Second Class Petty Officer,
    [Show full text]
  • Assemblée Générale Distr
    Nations Unies A/HRC/22/45/Add.1 Assemblée générale Distr. générale 29 janvier 2013 Français Original: espagnol Conseil des droits de l’homme Vingt-deuxième session Point 3 de l’ordre du jour Promotion et protection de tous les droits de l’homme, civils, politiques, économiques et culturels, y compris le droit au développement Rapport du Groupe de travail sur les disparitions forcées ou involontaires Additif Mission au Chili* Résumé À l’invitation du Gouvernement chilien, le Groupe de travail sur les disparitions forcées ou involontaires s’est rendu au Chili du 13 au 21 août 2012. Le Groupe de travail reconnaît que, depuis le rétablissement de la démocratie, des mesures très importantes ont été prises pour établir la vérité, rendre la justice, offrir réparation et garantir le devoir de mémoire face aux violations gravissimes des droits de l’homme commises par la dictature militaire. Ces progrès sont le fruit d’initiatives lancées, soutenues ou menées à bien principalement par des proches des victimes ou par la société civile et certains secteurs de l’État. Le Groupe de travail souligne que l’État devrait renforcer sa responsabilité et assumer un rôle de premier plan pour faire en sorte que ces initiatives s’inscrivent dans une politique publique globale, cohérente et permanente. D’autres problèmes majeurs perdurent, tels que le maintien du décret-loi d’amnistie, la légèreté des peines infligées aux responsables, la lenteur des procédures judiciaires, le maintien de la compétence des tribunaux militaires, notamment pour les violations des droits de l’homme et l’absence de plan national de recherche des personnes disparues, entre autres.
    [Show full text]
  • Narrow but Endlessly Deep the Struggle for Memorialisation in Chile Since the Transition to Democracy
    NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY PETER READ & MARIVIC WYNDHAM Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Read, Peter, 1945- author. Title: Narrow but endlessly deep : the struggle for memorialisation in Chile since the transition to democracy / Peter Read ; Marivic Wyndham. ISBN: 9781760460211 (paperback) 9781760460228 (ebook) Subjects: Memorialization--Chile. Collective memory--Chile. Chile--Politics and government--1973-1988. Chile--Politics and government--1988- Chile--History--1988- Other Creators/Contributors: Wyndham, Marivic, author. Dewey Number: 983.066 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: The alarm clock, smashed at 14 minutes to 11, symbolises the anguish felt by Michele Drouilly Yurich over the unresolved disappearance of her sister Jacqueline in 1974. This edition © 2016 ANU Press I don’t care for adulation or so that strangers may weep. I sing for a far strip of country narrow but endlessly deep. No las lisonjas fugaces ni las famas extranjeras sino el canto de una lonja hasta el fondo de la tierra.1 1 Victor Jara, ‘Manifiesto’, tr. Bruce Springsteen,The Nation, 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Preventing the Revictimization of Families of the Disappeared Eden Medina & Ilan Sandberg Wiener Introduction
    THE YALE LAW JOURNAL FORUM M ARCH 3 , 2016 Science and Harm in Human Rights Cases: Preventing the Revictimization of Families of the Disappeared Eden Medina & Ilan Sandberg Wiener introduction International human rights law and the jurisprudence of the Inter- American Court of Human Rights obligate states to investigate cases of forced disappearance (also called enforced disappearance) until the victim has been found and identified.1 However, neither specifies the precise mechanisms that states must use to comply with this obligation. Rather, the state’s commitment to international law is to guarantee that its agents will honor human rights principles and conduct due diligence in their investigations, regardless of the methods used.2 1. The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance obligates states to investigate (article three) and to take all efforts in searching for, locating and releasing disappeared persons and, in the event of death, in exhuming and identifying them and returning their remains (article fifteen). Comm. on Enforced Disappearances, International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, U.N. HUM. RTS. OFF. HIGH COMISSIONER, arts. 3, 15, http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/disappearance-convention.pdf [http://perma.cc/A7SB-QL5H]. Jurisprudence also recognizes these international obligations. See Gudiel Álvarez v. Guatemala, Merits, Reparations, and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 253, ¶ 195 (Nov. 20, 2012); Río Negro Massacres v. Guatemala, Preliminary Objection, Merits, Reparations, and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 250, ¶ 112-113 (Sept. 4, 2012); Torres Millacura v. Argentina, Merits, Reparations, and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am.
    [Show full text]
  • Truth, Reparation and Justice: the Past Living in the Present*
    Esta obra forma parte del acervo de la Biblioteca Jurídica Virtual del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM www.juridicas.unam.mx Libro completo en: https://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/bjv https://tinyurl.com/y3h7hbu4 Truth, Reparation and Justice: The Past Living in the Present* Elizabeth Lira One country have I lost When I sleep In my dreams It comes to me Like a foe As if my heart were hit By the sea I cast in oblivion And my eyes witnessed The life I lived before**. * Part of this article was based on a research study for project Justicia y Memoria Justice and Memory conducted in the Ethics Center at Alberto Hurtado University and sponsored by the Ford Foundation since 2009. ** Eugenio Llona and Horacio Salinas, Cueca de la Ausencia, Inti Illimani. DR © 2011. Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos-http://www.iidh.ed.cr/ CHILE ingles final.indd 81 1/30/12 4:21 PM Esta obra forma parte del acervo de la Biblioteca Jurídica Virtual del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM www.juridicas.unam.mx Libro completo en: https://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/bjv https://tinyurl.com/y3h7hbu4 Background Information The military dictatorship in Chile (1973-1990) overthrew the Constitutional Government led by President Salvador Allende Gossens. Reasons for the military coup were first cited in Bando 5 issued on September 11, and then included in Executive Decree 5 of September 12 (published in Official Gazette, Issue 28 657 of September 22, 1973), stating that “…the state of siege decreed because of internal disturbance, in the situation prevailing now in the country, should be understood as ‘state or time of war’ for the purposes of the provisions contained in the Code of Military Justice and other criminal laws” (Loveman and Lira, 2002: 321, 337-341).
    [Show full text]
  • From State Terrorism to State Errorism: Post-Pinochet Chile's Long Search
    TPH032-1 1/26/10 10:41 AM Page 31 From State Terrorism to State Errorism: Post-Pinochet Chile’s Long Search for Truth and Justice Marivic Wyndham and Peter Read Abstract: Patio 29 lies in the northern sector of Santiago’s General Cemetery. To the naked eye, it is a grim unweeded field of some twelve hundred rusted tin crosses. But to the families of the 1,197 detained-disappeared during Augusto Pinochet’s brutal dictator - ship, Patio 29 is both a site of horror and a site of hope. Its story begins in September- December 1973 when 320 early victims of the repression were brought there in makeshift wooden crates that held as many as three bodies each, and buried in unmarked graves. A few years later, two hundred of those graves were exhumed by the military, and the re - mains presumably cremated. For another decade, the mass grave remained silent, yield - ing few of its secrets to the families’ demands to know: Where are they? Today, nineteen years into the so-called transition to democracy, Patio 29—the most important single find - ing in relation to Chile’s detained-disappeared—still refuses to reveal the identities of those victims, pressing upon the government of Michelle Bachelet a new question: Who are they? First state terror, now state error have conspired to make Patio 29 one of Chile’s principal horror-cum-hopescapes. Key words: State violence, identification of bodies, trauma after state violence, reconcilia - tion, historical representation On the morning of September 11 of 1973, Chilean Air Force Hawker- Hunter fighters bombed La Moneda, the presidential palace in the heart of The Public Historian, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Sin Descansar, En Mi Memoria La Lucha Por La Creación De Sitios De Memoria En Chile Desde La Transición a La Democracia
    SIN DESCANSAR, EN MI MEMORIA LA LUCHA POR LA CREACIÓN DE SITIOS DE MEMORIA EN CHILE DESDE LA TRANSICIÓN A LA DEMOCRACIA PETER READ Y MARIVIC WYNDHAM SIN DESCANSAR, EN MI MEMORIA LA LUCHA POR LA CREACIÓN DE SITIOS DE MEMORIA EN CHILE DESDE LA TRANSICIÓN A LA DEMOCRACIA PETER READ Y MARIVIC WYNDHAM Publicado por ANU Press Universidad Nacional Australiana Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Este título también se encuentra disponible en línea en press.anu.edu.au Un registro de catálogo para este libro está disponible en la Biblioteca Nacional de Australia ISBN(s): 9781760461690 (print) 9781760461706 (eBook) Todos los derechos reservados. Ninguna parte de esta publicación podrá ser reproducida, almacenada en algún sistema de recuperación o transmitida de cualquier forma, ni por medio alguno, electrónico, mecánico, por fotocopia o de otra forma, sin el consentimiento previo del editor. Diseño de la cubierta y diagramación por ANU Press. Fotografía de la cubierta: Fragmento de alambre de púas electrificado, uno de los pocos artefactos que quedan del Cuartel Villanova (Villa Grimaldi). Para esta edición © 2017 ANU Press Tengo el corazón pesado Con tantas cosas que conozco, Es como si llevara piedras Desmesuradas en un saco, O la lluvia hubiera caído, sin descansar, en mi memoria. «No me pregunten» Pablo Neruda Contenido Ilustraciones . ix Glosario . xi Nota Personal . xiii Agradecimientos . xv Prefacio a la edición en castellano . xvii 1 . Introducción: Sin Descansar, En Mi Memoria . 1 Parte I 2 . Víctor Jara, la Universidad Técnica del Estado y el Estadio Víctor Jara . 25 3 . Del terror de Estado al error de Estado: Patio 29, Cementerio General de Santiago .
    [Show full text]