M/S. SYNERGIA SCIENCES PVT. LTD. Plot No

PART 1

FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR PROPOSED UNIT OF M/s. SYNERGIA SCIENCES PVT. LTD. Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Village: Indrad, Ta: Kadi, Dist: Mehsana (Gujarat)

[Products: Various Insecticides for Veterinary Animal Health and Household Use @ 757.2 MT/Annum] Schedule-5(b) & Category – A ToR Letter No.: IA-J-11011/197/2019-IA-II(I), Dated-27/06/2019 Study Period: October-November-December, 2018

PREPARED BY BHAGWATI ENVIRO CARE PVT. LTD. [ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS: 18001 CERTIFIED COMPANY]

(QCI/NABET Accreditation No. NABET/EIA/ACO/19/1172) CORPORATE OFFICE 28, 29, 30, Parmeshwar Estate II, Opp. AMCO Bank, Phase I, GIDC Estate, Vatva, Ahmedabad – 382445. Gujarat, India Phone No: +91 79 29295043, 40083051/52 Fax: +91 79 40083053, Email: [email protected] , [email protected] URL: www.bhagwatienviro.com

EIA-EMP REPORT

i ii iii iv v vii Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration of Experts i Undertaking by EIA Consultant v Undertaking by Project Proponent vii Contents ix List of Tables xvi List of Figures xviii List of Annexure xx List of Abbreviations xxi List of Symbols / Notations xxii

TOR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi xxiii TOR Compliance xxxi

CONTENTS

SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO.

CHAPTER – 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Preface 1.1 1.2 Identification of project 1.1 1.3 Project Proponents & Their Background 1.1 1.4 Purpose of the EIA Study 1.2 1.5 Objectives of EIA Study 1.2 1.6 Scope of EIA Study 1.3 1.7 Structure of Report 1.3

CHAPTER – 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type of Project 2.1 2.2 Need for the Project 2.1 2.3 Location of the Project 2.1

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 2.4 Justification of site selection 2.4 2.5 Product Profile 2.5 2.6 Manufacturing Process 2.6 2.7 Solvent Requirements & Recovery System 2.6 2.8 Material Requirements, Storage & Transportation 2.9 2.8.1. Raw material Requirement 2.9 2.8.2. Handling 2.9 2.8.3. Storage 2.9 2.8.4. Transportation 2.9 2.9 Resource Requirements 2.10 2.9.1. Land 2.10 2.9.2. Machineries & Utilities 2.12 2.9.3. Project Cost 2.12 2.9.4. Power 2.12 2.9.5. Water 2.13 2.9.6. Fuel 2.13 2.9.7. Man Power 2.13 2.10 Project Implementation Schedule 2.14 2.11 Pollution Potential & Management 2.15 2.11.1 Water Pollution 2.15 2.11.1.1 Effluent Treatment Scheme & Mode of Disposal 2.19 2.11.1.2 Process description of Effluent Treatment Plant 2.20 2.11.2 Air Pollution 2.26 2.11.2.1 Flue Gas Generation 2.26 2.11.2.2 Process Gas Generation 2.26 2.11.2.3 Fugitive Emission 2.28 2.11.3 Hazardous Waste 2.29 2.11.3.1 Details of Other wastes & Management 2.31 2.11.4 Noise 2.31 2.12 Plan for Rain Water Harvesting 2.32 2.13 Regulatory Framework 2.32 2.13.1 Product Approval 2.32

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 2.13.2 Permissions under Environmental statues 2.32 2.13.3 Industry Specific Standards 2.32 2.13.4 License from PESO for storage of hazardous chemicals 2.32 2.13.5 Applicability of MAH Unit under MSIHC Rules, 1989 2.33 2.14 Summary 2.33

CHAPTER – 3: BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

3.1 Prologue 3.1 3.2 Approach & methodology of baseline study 3.1 3.2.1 Study Area & Impact Zone Distribution 3.2 3.2.2 Study Period 3.4 3.2.3 Sampling Locations 3.5 3.2.4 Frequency of Monitoring 3.7 3.3 Baseline Environment 3.8 3.3.1 Topography & Geology 3.8 3.3.2 Seismology 3.9 3.3.3 Land use Pattern 3.9 3.3.4 Meteorology 3.13 3.3.4.1 Temperature 3.14 3.3.4.2 Humidity 3.14 3.3.4.3 Cloudiness 3.14 3.3.4.4 Wind Speed and Wind Direction 3.14 3.3.4.5 Rain Fall 3.15 3.3.4.6 Mixing Height 3.15 3.3.5 Micrometeorology 3.15 3.3.6 Ambient Air Quality 3.17 3.3.7 Hydrology 3.21 3.3.8 Soil Quality 3.27 3.3.9 Noise Level 3.29 3.3.10 Traffic Survey 3.31 3.3.11 Ecological Status 3.32

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 3.3.11.1 Flora 3.33 3.3.11.2 Fauna 3.35 3.3.12 Socio-economic Structure 3.37 3.3.12.1 Population Structure 3.37 3.3.12.2 Literacy 3.38 3.3.12.3 Economic Attributes 3.46 3.3.12.4 Infrastructural facilities 3.51

CHAPTER- 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction 4.1 4.2 Identification of Environmental Impacts 4.1 4.2.1 Environmental Parameters 4.1 4.2.2 Project Activities and Components 4.3 4.3 Prediction of Environmental Impacts 4.4 4.4 Impacts During Construction Phase and Its Mitigative Measures 4.6 4.5 Impacts During Operation Phase and Its Mitigative Measures 4.10 4.5.1 Evaluation of Impacts using mathematical model 4.17 4.5.2 Fugitive emission control measures 4.25

CHAPTER – 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1 Site Alternatives 5.1 5.2 Alternatives for Technologies 5.2

CHAPTER – 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.1 Preamble 6.1 6.2 Monitoring Program 6.1 6.3 Infrastructural Requirement & Procurement Schedules 6.2 6.4 EHS Policy & Environment Management Cell 6.3 6.5 Administrative actions & documentation 6.5 6.5.1 Data Analysis 6.5

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 6.5.2 Reporting Schedules 6.6 6.5.3 Environmental Monitoring Expenditure 6.6

CHAPTER – 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES (RISK ASSESSMENT AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT)

7.0 Public Consultation / Hearing 7.1 7.1 Risk Assessment & Safety Management 7.11 7.2 Objective and methodology of risk assessment 7.11 7.2.1 Objective 7.11 7.2.2 Methodology 7.12 7.3 Hazard Identification 7.12 7.3.1 Hazard identification and safety management for storage of 7.14 hazardous chemicals 7.3.2 Hazard Identification and safety management for manufacturing 7.23 process and allied operations 7.4 Occupational Health & Safety Program 7.25 7.5 Monitoring Program 7.26 7.6 Risk assessment study 7.28 7.6.1 Modes of Failure 7.30 7.6.2 Maximum Credible Accident/ Catastrophic Failure and Its Mitigation 7.30 Measure 7.6.3 Consequences Analysis 7.32 7.6.3.1 Possible Accident Scenarios 7.32 7.6.3.2 Summary of MCA Scenarios 7.33 7.7 Risk Mitigative Measures 7.35 7.8 Onsite Emergency Plan & Disaster Management Plan 7.47 7.9 Offsite Emergency Plan 7.47

CHAPTER – 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 Employment Opportunity 8.1 8.2 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) & Socio-economic 8.1 Development 8.3 Direct Revenue Earning to the National and State Exchequer 8.4

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 8.4 Infrastructural benefit 8.4 8.5 Other tangible Benefits 8.5

9.1 CHAPTER – 9: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

CHAPTER – 10: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

10.1 Prelude 10.1 10.2 Objectives of the EMP 10.1 10.3 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10.2 10.4 Greenbelt Development Plan 10.6 10.5 Application of Cleaner Production (CP) Technology 10.9 10.5.1 Pollution Prevention 10.9 10.5.2 Water Conservation 10.10 10.5.3 Energy Conservation 10.10 10.5.4 Reuse / Recycle 10.10 10.5.5 Good Housekeeping 10.11 10.6 Budgetary Allocation for Environment protection 10.11 10.7 Do’s & Don’ts 10.12

CHAPTER – 11: PROJECT SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1. Introduction 11.1 11.2. Project Location & Environmental Settings 11.1 11.3. Details of Proposed Project 11.2 11.4. Pollution Potential And Control Measure 11.5 11.5. Baseline Environment, Impacts Assessment & Mitigation Measures 11.6 11.5.1. Seismology 11.7 11.5.2. Micro-Meteorology 11.7 11.5.3. Surface and ground water 11.7 11.5.4. Ambient Air 11.8 11.5.5. Soil Quality 11.10 11.5.6. Noise 11.11 11.5.7. Land Use Pattern 11.12

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SR. TITLE PAGE NO. NO. 11.5.8. Socio Economic study 11.13 11.5.9. Biological Environment 11.13 11.5.10. Greenbelt Development 11.14 11.6. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) 11.14 11.7. Environmental Monitoring Program 11.15 11.8. Risk & Safety Management 11.15 11.9. Project Benefits 11.16 11.10. Environmental Management Plan 11.16 11.11. Conclusion 11.19

CHAPTER – 12: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 12.1

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 1.1 Details of Proponent 1.1 1.2 Structure of EIA report 1.4 2.1 Salient features of the project site 2.4 2.2 Details of Proposed Products 2.6 2.3 Solvent Management (In-situ recovery) 2.8 2.4 Break-up of Area 2.10 2.5 Details of Plant Machineries and Utilities 2.12 2.6 Cost of Project 2.12 2.7 Details of Fuel Requirement 2.13 2.8 Details of Manpower Requirement 2.14 2.9 Product-wise Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation 2.15 2.10 Product-wise Pollution Load 2.16 2.11 (a) Category-wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation 2.17 2.11 (b) Summary of Water Balance 2.17 2.12 (a) Stream-wise Characteristic of high COD/TDS Effluent in MEE 2.23 2.12 (b) Stream-wise Characteristic of Effluent in ETP 2.23 2.13 Stage-wise Characteristic of Effluent in ETP 2.23 2.14 Characteristics of treated effluent for re-use 2.24 2.15(a) Details of Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant 2.24 2.15(b) Details of Advanced Effluent Treatment Plant 2.24 2.16 Details of Flue Gas Stacks 2.26 2.17 Details of Proposed Process Gas Generation 2.27 2.18 Details of Process Gas Stack & APCM 2.27 2.19 Details of Scrubbing System 2.28 2.20 Details of Hazardous Waste Generation & its management 2.29 3.1 Environmentally Sensitive Receptors 3.2 3.2 List of Major Industries within the Study Area 3.3 3.3 Sampling & Monitoring Locations 3.7 3.4 Frequency & Methodology of Environmental Monitoring 3.7 3.5 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area 3.10

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TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 3.6 Meteorological Parameters 3.13 3.7 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3.18 3.8 Water Sampling Locations 3.24 3.9 Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Ground water & Surface 3.25 Water 3.10 Soil Sampling Locations 3.28 3.11 Physico-Chemical Characteristic of Soil 3.28 3.12 Noise Level Sampling Locations 3.30 3.13 Noise Level in Study Area 3.30 3.14 Traffic Study 3.31 3.15 Assessment of Proposed Traffic Load 3.32 3.16 List of Flora in the study area 3.33 3.17 List of Fauna in the study area 3.35 3.18 Population Details 3.39 3.19 Literacy Details 3.43 3.20 Employment Pattern 3.47 3.21 Main Worker Employment Pattern 3.49 4.1 Prediction of Impacts during Construction Phase 4.4 4.2 Prediction of Impacts during Operation Phase 4.5 4.3 Impacts & Aspects Analysis during Construction Phase 4.6 4.4 Impacts & Aspects Analysis during Operation Phase 4.10 4.5 Details of Stacks emission due to proposed project 4.18 4.6 First Three Highest 24-Hourly Average GLC Values 4.19 4.7 First Highest 24- Hourly Average GLC Values for AAQM Stations 4.19 4.8 Incremental ground level concentration of pollutants 4.20 4.9 Fugitive emission & odor control measures 4.25 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 6.2 Responsibilities of EMC 6.5 7.1 Details of hazardous chemicals identified for risk assessment 7.17 7.2 Applicability of license from PESO 7.18 7.3 Monitoring Program for Occupational Health & Safety 7.26 7.4 Atmospheric Condition Assumed 7.33

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TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 7.5 Summary of MCA Scenarios 7.33 7.6 Risk matrix for emergency management 7.36 7.7 Levels of emergency associated with risk rating 7.36 7.8 Possible Emergency – Spillage (Spill Control Plan) 7.41 7.9 Possible Emergency – Fire 7.42 7.10 Possible Emergency – Toxic Gas Release 7.44 7.11 Details of fire extinguishers 7.46 7.12 Details of fire Water Pump 7.46 7.13 Details of provision for fire-fighting system 7.46 8.1 Budget allocation for various CER activities 8.2 10.1 Environmental management plan 10.2 10.2 Details of plant species 10.7 10.3 Budget Allocation for Greenbelt Development 10.7 10.5 Environmental Budget Allocation 10.11

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 2.1 Site Photographs 2.2 2.2 Location Map of Project Site 2.3 2.3 Schematic Diagram of Solvent Recovery System 2.8 2.4 Plant Layout of Project Site 2.11 2.5 Water Balance Diagram 2.18 2.6 Schematic flow Diagram of Proposed ETP 2.22 2.7 Schematic Diagram of Proposed APCM 2.28 3.1 Map of Study Area showing Impact Zone Distribution and Sampling & 3.6 Monitoring Locations 3.2 Seismic Zone Mapping of Gujarat State 3.9 3.3 Satellite Image of the Study Area 3.11 3.4 Land use / Land Cover Map of the Study Area 3.12 3.5 Wind Rose Diagram 3.16

3.6 Status of PM10 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.18

3.7 Status of PM2.5 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.19

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FIGURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 3.8 Status of SO2 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.19

3.9 Status of NO2 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.20 3.10 Status of CO Concentration in Ambient Air 3.20 3.11 Population Details 3.42 3.12 Literacy Details 3.42 3.13 Employment Pattern 3.46 3.14 Main Worker Employment Pattern 3.47

4.1 Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for PM10 4.21

4.2 Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for SO2 4.22

4.3 Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for NOx 4.23 4.4 Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for HCl 4.24 6.1 Environmental Management Cell 6.4 7.1 Identification of hazardous areas 7.16 7.2 Risk Assessment Methodology 7.29 7.3 Accidental release of chemical 7.31 7.4 Toxic threat zone of all the chemicals considered 7.34 7.5 Flammable threat zone of all the chemicals considered 7.34 7.6 Threat zone of Catastrophic Rupture of all the Chemicals 7.35 8.1 Possible Beneficial Impacts due to Proposed Project 8.6 10.1 Tentative greenbelt area development 10.8 11.1 Key Infrastructure Map of the Study Area 11.4

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LIST OF ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.

1. Land Possession Documents A-1 2. Legal Undertaking for Banned Pesticides A-13 3. Manufacturing Process Details A-15 4. Solvent Management A-70 5. Raw Material Requirement A-73 6. Details of storage & handling of Raw Materials & Products A-78 7. Plant Layout A-83 8. Acknowledgement of NOC application to CGWA A-84 9. Letter for supply of water A-91 10. Membership for Common Spray Drying Facility A-92 11. Photographs of baseline monitoring activities A-93 12. Methodology for Baseline Environmental Monitoring & Analysis A-94 13. Raw data of AAQM A-99 14. Toposheet A-107 15. Conservation Plan for Schedule – I Species A-108 16. Basic amenities in the study area A-114 17. List of SOPs for EHS A-117 18. Public Hearing Proceedings A-119 19. Characteristic of Hazardous Chemicals A-240 20. MCA Analysis A-246 21. On-site Emergency Plan A-296 22. CER Activities A-355 23. Do’s & Don’ts A-256 24. Accreditation Certificates A-361 25. Hydrology Map of the study area A-370

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AAQM : Ambient Air Quality Monitoring APHA : American Public Health Association APCM : Air Pollution Control Measure APTI : Air Pollution Tolerance Index BDL : Below Detectable Limit CP : Cleaner Production CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board CHWIF : Common Hazardous Waste & Incineration facility CSR : Corporate Social Responsibility EAC : Expert Appraisal Committee EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EC : Environment Clearance EHS : Environment, Health & Safety EMP : Environment Management Plan EMS : Environment Management System EPA : Environmental Protection Act ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant DMP : Disaster Management Plan GLC : Ground Level Concentration GOI : Government of India GPCB : Gujarat Pollution Control Board HAZOP : Hazard & Operability Study IMD : Indian Metrological Data IS : Indian Standard ISCST : Industrial Source Complex Short term ISO : International Standard Organization LOC : Level of concern MOC : Material Of Construction MoEF : Ministry of Environment & Forest MSL : Mean Sea Level MSDS : Material Safety Data Sheets NH : National Highway

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

NOC : No Objection Certificate OSHA : Occupational Safety And Health Administration PAC : Poly Aluminum Chloride PM : Particulate Matter PPEs : Personal Protective Equipments RA : Risk Assessment TOR : Terms of Reference TSDF : Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility TDS : Total Dissolved Solid

LIST OF SYMBOLS / NOTATIONS

°C : Degree Celsius dB(A) : Decibels(A-Weighted) gm/cc : Gram per Cubic Centimeter Kcal/Hr : Kilo Calorie per Hour KVA : Kilo Volts Ampere KLD : Kilo Liters per Day KW : Kilo Watt m : meters m/s : Meters per Second mg/lit : Milligram/ Liters mg/m3 : Milligram/cube meter of air MW : Mega Watt μg/m3 : Microgram/cube meter of air μs : Microgram second

NOX : Oxides of Nitrogen PM : Particulate Matter ppm : Parts per Million SCM : Standard Cubic Meter

SO2 : Sulphur dioxide Sq.km. : Square kilometer Sq.m. : Square Meter TPM : Ton per Month

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COPY OF TOR ISSUED FROM EAC (INDUSTRY II), MOEF&CC

No.IA-J-11011/197/2019-IA-II(I) Goverment of India Minister of Enviroment,Forest and Climate Change Impact Assessment Division ***

Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Vayu Wing,3rd Floor,Aliganj, Jor Bagh Road,New Delhi-110003 27 Jun 2019

To,

M/s SYNERGIA SCIENCES PRIVATE LIMITED 337, Kerala Nalsarovar Road, Ahmedabad-382220 Gujarat

Tel.No.02714-304180; Email:[email protected]

Sir/Madam,

This has reference to the proposal submitted in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to prescribe the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA study for the purpose of obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006. For this purpose, the proponent had submitted online information in the prescribed format (Form-1 ) along with a Pre-feasibility Report. The details of the proposal are given below:

1. Proposal No.: IA/GJ/IND2/105675/2019

Proposed Project for Manufacturing of 2. Name of the Proposal: Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use) by Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd.

3. Category of the Proposal: Industrial Projects - 2

4. Project/Activity applied for: 5(b) Pesticides industry and pesticide specific intermediates (excluding formulations)

5. Date of submission for TOR: 25 May 2019

In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment report and environment management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation as follows:

xxiii STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

5(b): STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR PESTICIDES INDUSTRY AND PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES (EXCLUDING FORMULATIONS)AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT

A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE

1) Executive Summary 2) Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation ii. Information about the project proponent iii. Importance and benefits of the project 3) Project Description i. Cost of project and time of completion. ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project. iii. If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. iv. List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation. v. Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management. vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract) viii. Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantative) from raw material to products to be provided ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems. x. Expansion/modernization proposals: a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report.

xxiv STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4) Site Details i. Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site. v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site. vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate. vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular. viii. Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area) ix. A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included. xi. Details of Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land. xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy 5) Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): i. Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable)

xxv STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

ii. Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife. 6) Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall. ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details. vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included. vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area. viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule- I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi. Socio-economic status of the study area.

xxvi STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

7) Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. ii. Water Quality modelling - in case of discharge in water body iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor- cum-rail transport shall be examined. iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules. v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards. vi. Measures for fugitive emission control vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included. xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted.

xxvii STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8) Occupational health i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers' health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, iv. Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 9) Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. iv. Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report 10) Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase. 11) Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time

xxviii STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12) Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13) 'A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR.

B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIASTUDIES FOR PESTICIDES INDUSTRY AND PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES (EXCLUDING FORMULATIONS)

1. Commitment that no banned pesticides will be manufactured. 2. Detailsonsolvents to be used,measuresfor solventrecovery and for emissions control. 3. Details of process emissions from the proposed unit and its arrangement to control. 4. Ambient air quality data should include VOC, other process- specific pollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2 etc., (*-as applicable) 5. Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals. 6. Detailed effluent treatment scheme including ssegregation for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge. 7. Action plan for odour control to be submitted. 8. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated. 9. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any. 10. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used. 11. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. 12. Details of incinerator if to be installed. 13. Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated. 14. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials.

***

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TOR COMPLIANCE

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCES (TOR)

Compliance of ToR vide letter no. IA-J-11011/197/2019-IA-II(I) dated 27/06/2019 TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. A STANDARD TOR 1 Executive Summary Executive Summary is enclosed separately with EIA Report.

2 Introduction

(i) Details of the EIA Consultant This EIA has been prepared by Bhagwati including NABET accreditation Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad who are NABET accredited consultant. Accreditation Certificate vide letter no. QCI/NABET/ENV/ACO/19/1172 has been granted on 16/12/2019. Details of accreditation are given in Chapter 12, Annexure 24.

(ii) Information about the project Details of project proponent are given in proponent Section 1.3, Table 1.1, Chapter 1.

(iii) Importance and benefits of the Unit intends to manufacture various insecticide project for veterinary animal health & household use. Rise in global epidemics such as Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika virus etc. leading to enhanced public spending has increased demand of household and veterinary insecticide products. Some of the actives in this project are import substitutes. Safe and efficient control of pests has become pivotal in the Veterinary sector for companion animals (pets like dogs, cats etc.) as well as livestock (cattle etc.). This has led to increasing demand especially for the export market. For details, refer Section 2.2, 2.5 of Chapter 2.

3 Project Description

(i) Cost of project and time of The unit has estimated capital investment of completion. Rs. 40 Crores. Refer Section 2.9.3, Chapter 2 for detailed breakup of cost of the project.

The project activities will be commenced after receipt of Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC. The expected start date of the project will be Mid of May 2020 and the completion of first production plant will take

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. about 6 months and which is expected to be in operative phase by October 2020. As the project gradually advances, it is expected to achieve full production in about 5 years. Details of project implementation schedule is given in Section 2.10, Chapter 2.

(ii) Products with capacities for the The unit proposes to manufacture various proposed project insecticides for veterinary animal health and household use with total production capacity of 757.2 MT/Annum. Details of products are given in Section 2.5, Table 2.2.

(iii) If expansion project, details of Not Applicable. It is a proposed project. existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any.

(iv) List of raw materials required and Various raw materials will be required for the their source along with mode of manufacturing of proposed products. Most of transportation the raw material will be available locally and some of the raw materials will be imported. (v) Other chemicals and materials Details of all the raw materials required are required with quantities and storage given in Section 2.8, Annexure 5, Chapter 2. capacities Details of storage, source and mode of transportation are given in Section 2.8, Annexure 6, Chapter 2.

(vi) Details of Emission, effluents, There will be generation of 68.5 KLD industrial hazardous waste generation and effluent. It will be treated in stripper, ETP, MEE their management. & RO and treated effluent will be reused for cooling tower makeup and APCE. Therefore, unit will maintain zero liquid discharge.

Since biofuel (agrowaste) &/OR Coal will be used as fuel, multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be provided to steam boiler and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid Heater. Process gas generation

in the form of HCl and SO2 will be controlled through water followed by two stage alkali scrubbers.

Hazardous and solid wastes anticipated to be generated from the production activities will be

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. handled as per H&OW (M&TM) Rules, 2016.

Details of water pollution, air pollution, hazardous waste generation and their management. etc. are elaborated in Section 2.11, Chapter 2.

(vii) Requirement of water, power, with Fresh Water Requirement: 71 KLD source of supply, status of approval, Source: Private industrial estate authority M/s. water balance diagram, man-power Umiya Industrial Estate from their own borewell requirement (regular and contract) by means of fixed pipeline. Umiya industrial estate has applied for obtaining NOC for ground water withdrawal from CGWA. Copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure 8. Copy of Commitment letter for water supply from Umiya Industrial Estate is enclosed as Annexure 9.

Power Requirement: 550 KW, Source: UGVCL

Manpower Requirement: 120 Nos.

For details refer Section 2.9, Chapter 2.

Water Balance diagram is given in Section 2.11.1, Figure 2.5, Chapter 2.

(viii) Process description along with major Manufacturing of proposed products involve equipment and machineries, process various unit operations like distillation, flow sheet (quantities) from raw crystallization, condensation, purification and material to products to be provided filtration etc. and unit processes like chlorination, hydrogenation, reduction, neutralization and acidification etc. Details of manufacturing process for the all the proposed products with process description, reaction chemistry, process flow diagram and material balance are described in Annexure 3.

Details of Plant Machineries & Utilities are given in Section 2.9.2, Table 2.5, Chapter 2.

(ix) Hazard identification and details of Hazard identification with respect to storage proposed safety systems. and handling of hazardous chemicals and manufacturing process & allied operations are given in Section 7.3.1, Chapter 7. Details of safety systems proposed are given in Section 7.3.2 & Section 7.7 (H, I), Chapter 7.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. (x) Expansion / modernization Not Applicable. It is a proposed project. proposals:

(a). Copy of all the Environmental Not Applicable Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing/existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report.

(b). In case the existing project has Not Applicable not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided.

Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005 2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

4 Site Details

(i) Location of the project site covering Proposed project will be set up at Plot No. 18, village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and Survey No. 300, Vil. Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. State, Justification for selecting the Mehsana, Gujarat. The unit has already site, whether other sites were acquired a non-agricultural land converted for considered. industrial use to establish the proposed project. Detailed justification is given in Section 2.4, Chapter 2.

(ii) A toposheet of the study area of Toposheet of the 10 km study area is enclosed radius of 10km and site location on in Annexure 14. 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places)

(iii) Details w.r.t. option analysis for The unit has already acquired a non- selection of site. agricultural land converted for industrial use to establish the proposed project which is located in Kadi Taluka of Mehsana district. Detailed justification of site selection criteria is given in Section 2.4, Chapter 2.

(iv) Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four Refer Section 2.3, Table 2.1, Chapter 2 corners of the site. Node Latitude Longitude NE 23°18'39.01"N 72°25'27.12"E SE 23°18'37.09"N 72°25'27.85"E SW 23°18'36.53"N 72°25'24.73"E NW 23°18'38.31"N 72°25'24.20"E

(v) Google map-Earth downloaded of Refer Section 2.3, Figure 2.2, Chapter 2 the project site.

(vi) Layout maps indicating existing unit Layout map of proposed project is given in as well as proposed unit indicating Section 2.9.1, Figure 2.4 and also, attached as storage area, plant area, greenbelt Annexure 7. area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate.

(vii) Photographs of the proposed and Photographs of project site are given in Section existing (if applicable) plant site. If 2.3, Figure 2.1, Chapter 2. existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular.

(viii) Landuse break-up of total land of the The total land for the proposed project is project site (identified and acquired), acquired, which is converted into Non- government/private - agricultural, Agricultural Land for Industrial Use. For details, refer Section 2.9.1, Chapter 2. forest, wasteland, water bodies,

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area)

(ix) A list of major industries with name List of major industries within study area is and type within study area (10km given in Section 3.2.1, Table 3.2, Chapter 3. radius) shall be incorporated.

Land use details of the study area. Land-use breakup of the study area is given in Section 3.3.3, Table 3.5, Figure 3.4, Chapter 3. (x) Geological features and Geo- Details of geological features are given in hydrological status of the study area Section 3.3.1, Chapter 3. Details of shall be included hydrological status is given in Section 3.3.7, Chapter 3.

(xi) Details of Drainage of the project There are no major rivers within 1 km radius upto 5km radius of study area. If the from project site. Hydrology map of the study site is within 1 km radius of any area is given in Annexure 25. major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided (mega green field projects)

(xii) Status of acquisition of land. If The total land has been acquired for the acquisition is not complete, stage of proposed project having 5,769.28 m2 area. It the acquisition process and expected has been converted into non-agricultural land time of complete possession of the for industrial use. Refer Section 2.3, Chapter 2 land. and Annexure 1 for land possession documents along with NA documents.

(xiii) R&R details in respect of land in line Not Applicable with state Government policy

5 Forest and Wildlife related issues (if applicable) (i) Permission and approval for the use Not Applicable. No forest land is located within of forest land (forestry clearance), if the study area. any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department.(if applicable)

(ii) Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. involving forest land more than 40 ha)

(iii) Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted.

(iv) The projects to be located within 10 There are no national parks, sanctuaries, km of the National Parks, biosphere reserves and migratory corridors of Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, wild animals located within 10 km radius of the Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, project site. the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-a-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon

(v) Wildlife Conservation Plan duly There are no rare, endemic or threatened authenticated by the Chief Wildlife species of fauna present in the study area. Warden of the State Government for Most of the species are common throughout conservation of Schedule I fauna, if semi-arid landscape of the Gujarat. Except any exists in the study area Indian Peafowl, which is most common and least concerned, no other Schedule-I species are reported in the study area. Conservation plan for Indian Peafowl is enclosed as Annexure 15 and submitted for approval of Chief Wildlife Warden of Gujarat State.

(vi) Copy of application submitted for There is no protected area notified under the clearance under the Wildlife Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco- (Protection)Act, 1972, to the sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Standing Committee of the National Environment (Protection) Act-1986 exists within Board for Wildlife 10 Km radius areas from the Plant Site.

6 Environmental Status

(i) Determination of atmospheric Site specific micrometeorological data are inversion level at the project site and given in Section 3.3.5, Chapter 3. site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No.

(ii) AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 Baseline concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, locations for PM10, PM2.5, S02, NO2 & CO in the ambient air were within the NOX, CO and other parameters norms specified for NAAQs at all the monitoring relevant to the project shall be locations. collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and Concentration of HCl in ambient air was below take into account the pre-dominant detection limit at all the monitoring locations. wind direction, population zone and Details of AAQM are given in Section 3.3.6, sensitive receptors including Chapter 3. reserved forests. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 8 locations. AAQM stations were selected considering pre dominant wind direction and historical wind data of the region i.e. 2 in downwind direction, 3 in upwind direction and 2 in cross wind direction from project site. For details refer Section 3.3.2, Figure 3.1, Table 3.3, Section 3.3.6, Table 3.7, Chapter 3.

(iii) Raw data of all AAQ measurement Raw data of all AAQM are given in Annexure for 12 weeks of all stations as per 13. Min., max., average and 98% values for frequency given in the NAQQM each of the AAQ parameters at all locations are Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - given in Figure 3.6 to 3.10, Section 3.3.6, min., max., average and 98% values Chapter 3. for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report.

(iv) Surface water quality of nearby River Thare are no rivers located within the study (100m upstream and downstream of area. Surface water quality of all the other discharge point) and other surface sources are given in Section 3.3.7, Table 3.8, drains at eight locations as per 3.9(a), Chapter 3. CPCB / MoEF&CC guidelines.

(v) Whether the site falls near to polluted No, the project site does not fall near to stretch of river identified by the polluted stretch of any river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details. CPCB/MoEF&CC.

(vi) Ground water monitoring at minimum Ground water quality of all the sources are at 8 locations shall be included. given in Section 3.3.7, Table 3.8, 3.9, Chapter 3.

(vii) Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations Details of noise monitoring are given in Section within the study area 3.3.9, Table 3.12, Chapter 3.

(viii) Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Soil characteristic are given in Section 3.3.8,

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. guidelines Table 3.11, Chapter 3.

(ix) Traffic study of the area, type of Traffic study was carried out at a junction of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for Ahmedabad – Mehsana highway which is transportation of materials, additional located nearby to the project site. Existing traffic due to proposed project, traffic load in both directions during the study parking arrangement etc. was 1,205.5 PCU/Hr and 1,047.5 respectively. Incremental traffic load from the proposed project in each direction will be 15 PCU/Hr. Therefore, total traffic load after the proposed project in both directions will be 1,220.5 and 1,062.5 PCU/hr respectively against designed highway capacity of 2,000 PC/hr. Therefore, there will be minor increase in vehicular load due to the proposed project. For details, refer section 3.3.10 Chapter 3.

(x) Detailed description of flora and During the survey, a total of 59 plant species fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) were noted in the study area; including 23 tree existing in the study area shall be species, 18 shrubs and 18 crop plants. Most of given with special reference to rare, the species are of common occurrence. endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within During the survey, a total of 71 species of the study area, a Wildlife fauna were noted in the study area; including Conservation Plan shall be prepared 60 bird species & 11 mammals. Most of the and furnished. species are of common occurrence.

Details of the flora and fauna existing in the study area are given in Table 3.16, Table 3.17, Section 3.3.11, Chapter 3.

Schedule-I species, Indian Peafowl, is reported in the study area. Conservation plan for the same is enclosed as Annexure 15.

(xi) Socio-economic status of the study The study area comprises Kadi and Mehsana area. Taluka of Mehsana district and Kalol Taluka of Gandhinagar district. There are 63 villages within the study area of 10 km from the project site. Details of socio-economic survey are given in Section 3.3.12, Chapter 3.

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan

(i) Assessment of ground level AAQ modeling for calculation of ground level concentration of pollutants from the concentration is carried out using mathematical stack emission based on site-specific model (ISCST3) for 3 flue gas stack and one

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. meteorological features. In case the process gas stack. The details of stack project is located on a hilly terrain, emissions viz, physical stack height, inner the AQIP Modelling shall be done diameter of the stack at exit, gas exit using inputs of the specific terrain temperature, gas exit velocity, quantity of characteristics for determining the pollutant discharge etc. have been considered potential impacts of the project on and taken for the processing of mathematical the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all model. The maximum 24-hourly average

sources of emissions (including ground level concentration for PM10, SO2 and 3 3 transportation) on the AAQ of the NO2 are 4.008 μg/m , 11.491 μg/m and 1.047 area shall be assessed. Details of μg/m3 respectively which is very less even for the model used and the input data the worst-case scenario. Moreover, this will used for modelling shall also be occur at a distance of maximum 100 meters provided. The air quality contours from the source, which falls within the project shall be plotted on a location map site only where there is no existence of showing the location of project site, permanent habitat. habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. The incremental ground level concentration of all the ambient air monitoring locations is very negligible and practically nil and therefore there will not be any impact on the air quality of surrounding villages due to the proposed project. Details of the same are given in Section 4.5.1, Chapter 4. Contour plot showing incremental GLC concentration are given in Figure 4.1 to 4.3, Section 4.5.1, Chapter 4.

(ii) Water Quality modelling - in case of Not applicable, since there will be no discharge discharge in water body of effluent from the plant premise.

(iii) Impact of the transport of the raw All the raw materials and products will be materials and end products on the transported by Road. There will be chances of surrounding environment shall be fugitive emission from transportation, storage assessed and provided. In this and handling of raw materials and product. regard, options for transport of raw Details of impact identified and mitigation materials and finished products and measures for the same are described in wastes (large quantities) by rail or Section 4.5, Table 4.4, Chapter 4. rail-cum road transport or conveyor- cum-rail transport shall be examined.

(iv) A note on treatment of wastewater Total effluent generation from proposed project from different plant operations, will be segregated into high Ammonical extent recycled and reused for Nitrogen, cyanide containing toxic stream, high different purposes shall be included. COD/TDS and low COD/TDS concentration Complete scheme of effluent streams. treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to High Ammonical and Cyanide bearing streams meet the prescribed standards of will be treated at plant level and will be sent to

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. discharge under E(P) Rules. ETP for further treatments.

Low concentrated effluent @48.5 KLD will be treated in ETP followed by RO.

High concentrated wastewater stream from manufacturing process @20 KLD will be treated in stripper. Treated water from stripper along with ETP-RO Reject @35 KLD will be sent to MEE. Condensate from MEE @32.5 KLD along with permeate from ETP-RO @33.5 KLD will be re-used in Cooling tower makeup KLD and APCE. Hence, unit will maintain Zero Liquid Discharge.

During initial phase of the project, high concentrated effluent will be sent for Common Spray Drying at Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt. Ltd. till the effluent quantity reaches 15 KLD which is located at about 1 km distance from project site. As the project gradually advances and effluent generation increases beyond 15 KLD, unit will switch over to in-house MEE for effluent treatment and Zero Liquid Discharge.

Domestic wastewater will be sent to Soak pit via septic tank system.

Details of water balance are given in Section 2.11.1.1, Figure 2.5, Table 2.11 (a & b), Chapter 2.

Details of effluent treatment scheme is given in Section 2.11.1.1, Figure 2.6, Table 2.15 (a & b), Chapter 2.

Characteristic of effluent streams are given in Section 2.11.1.1, Table 2.10, 2.12(a, b), Table 2.13 and Table 2.14.

(v) Details of stack emission and action There will be generation of flue gas in the form plan for control of emissions to meet of PM, SO2 and NOx and process gas standards. generation in the form of HCl & SO2 gas. Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be provided to steam boiler and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. Heater.

Water scrubber followed by two stage alkali scrubbers will be provided for control of process gases HCl & SO2.

Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emission are given in Section 2.11.2, Chapter 2.

(vi) Measures for fugitive emission Measures for fugitive emission are given in control Section 4.5.2, Table 4.9, Chapter 4

(vii) Details of hazardous waste The main sources of hazardous waste generation and their storage, generation from proposed unit will be dried utilization and management. Copies sludge from ETP and salt from MEE and of MOU regarding utilization of solid various wastes viz. Spent catalyst, Spent and hazardous waste in cement Carbon, Distillation Residue, Spent / Mix plant shall also be included. EMP Solvent and Spent HCl (30%) from shall include the concept of waste- manufacturing process. The ancillary source of minimization, recycle/reuse/recover hazardous waste generation will be discarded techniques, Energy conservation, bags/drums from storage and handling of raw and natural resource conservation. materials and spent/used oil generation from plant & machinery. The details of hazardous waste generation and handling & Management are given in Section 2.11.3, Table 2.20, Chapter 2.

EMP for waste-minimization, recycle / reuse / recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation are given in Section 10.5, Chapter 10.

(viii) Proper utilization of fly ash shall be There will be generation of flyash @ 50 kg/day ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, from burning of biofuel (agrowaste) &/or coal. 2009. A detailed plan of action shall Flyash will be disposed off as per Fly Ash be provided. Notification, 2009 by back filling in low lying areas or will be sold to manufacturers of building materials / products like bricks, blocks, tiles and pre-cast etc. or sold to cement manufacturers For details refer Section 2.11.3.1, Chapter 2.

(ix) Action plan for the green belt To maintain the ecological balance, unit will development plan in 33 % area i.e. develop green belt in area of 1,920 m2 (33.3% land with not less than 1,500 trees of total plot area) within the project premises. per ha. Giving details of species, Details of greenbelt development are given in width of plantation, planning Section 10.4, Chapter 10.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated.

(x) Action plan for rainwater harvesting Unit will construct rain water harvesting measures at plant site shall be structure for collection of rain water during submitted to harvest rainwater from monsoon season and reuse the same for the roof tops and storm water drains industrial activities. Being an insecticide to recharge the ground water and manufacturing unit, it will not be feasible to also to use for the various activities recharge ground water within the premise. at the project site to conserve fresh However, unit will explore opportunity to water and reduce the water construct RWH for recharge of ground water as requirement from other sources. a part of CER activities in consultation with local government and gram panchayat in nearby village. For details refer Section 2.12, Chapter 2

(xi) Total capital cost and recurring Capital investment towards the environmental cost/annum for environmental protection, control & mitigation measures will pollution control measures shall be be about Rs. 3.4 Crore. Recurring cost of the included. same will be about 4.25 Crore per Annum. Detailed breakup of the same is given in Section 10.6, Table 10.5, Chapter 10.

(xii) Action plan for post-project Environmental monitoring program for the environmental monitoring shall be proposed project is given in Section 6.2, Table submitted 6.1, Chapter 6.

(xiii) Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural Details of on-site and off-site emergency plan and Man-made) Preparedness and are given in Section 7.8 and 7.9, Chapter 7 Emergency Management Plan respectively and Annexure 21. Details of risk including Risk Assessment and assessment study is given in Section 7.6, damage control. Disaster Chapter 7 management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan.

8 Occupational health

(i) Plan and fund allocation to ensure Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, the occupational health & safety of ventilation, chemical exposure at frequent all contract and casual workers intervals and maintaining of all records will be as per Factories Act guidelines. Adequate fund of Rs. 2.5 lacs will be allotted for development of first aid center within the premise. Details of

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. occupational health & safety of all workers is elaborated in Section 7.4 & 7.5, Chapter 7.

(ii) Details of exposure specific health Pre-medical checkup will be carried out at the status evaluation of worker. If the time of employment and regular medical workers' health is being evaluated by checkup of employees as per details given in pre designed format, chest x rays, Section 7.5, Chapter 7. Unit will maintain all the Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision records as per Factories Act guidelines and will testing (Far & Near vision, colour maintain health register of all the employees. vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above- mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise.

(iii) Details of existing Occupational & Not applicable since it is a proposed project. Safety Hazards. What are the However, details of occupational health & exposure levels of hazards and safety of all workers for the proposed project whether they are within Permissible are elaborated in Section 7.4 & 7.5, Chapter 7. Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved,

(iv) Annual report of health status of Not applicable since it is a proposed project. workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety.

9 Corporate Environment Policy

(i) Does the company have a well laid The unit will prepare Environment, Health & down Environment Policy approved Safety (EHS) Policy by its Director for effective by its Board of Directors? If so, it and efficient working with view of environment may be detailed in the EIA report. protection.

(ii) Does the Environment Policy Apart from EHS policy, there will be different prescribe for standard operating SOPs related to EHS of the unit, which will be process I procedures to bring into implemented and reviewed periodically. The focus any infringement / deviation / tentative list of SOPs related to EHS is given at violation of the environmental or Annexure 17. forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. (iii) What is the hierarchical system or To deal with the environmental issues and Administrative order of the company for ensuring total environmental to deal with the environmental issues compliance, environmental management and for ensuring compliance with the cell (EMC) will be formed. Details of tentative environmental clearance conditions? environment management cell are given in Details of this system may be given. Section 6.4, Figure 6.1, Table 6.2, Chapter 6.

(iv) Does the company have system of EHS manager will be responsible for reporting reporting of non-compliances / any major Non-compliance / violation of violations of environmental norms to environmental norms, if any, to the Director and the Board of Directors of the immediate action will be taken for the company and / or shareholders or compliance of the same. For details refer stakeholders at large? This reporting Section 6.4, Table 6.2, Section 6.5, Chapter 6. mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report

10 Details regarding infrastructure All the required infrastructure facilities such as facilities such as sanitation, fuel, sanitation, toilet blocks, rest area etc. for restroom etc. to be provided to the construction workers will be provided on-site. labour force during construction as Also, during operation phase sanitation and well as to the casual workers restrooms will be available for casual workers including truck drivers during and truck drivers. For details, refer Section 7.4, operation phase. Chapter 7.

11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the Unit will earmark Rs. 80 Lacs (about 2% of the project cost) shall be earmarked proposed project cost) as part of Corporate towards the Enterprise Social Environment Responsibility (CER) AS PER Commitment based on Public MOEF&CC’s OM vide F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III Hearing issues and item-wise details dated 01/05/2018. along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic It will be utilized within five years in various development activities need to be areas after commissioning of project in phase elaborated upon. manner. Details of CER and Socio-economic development are given in Section 8.2, Chapter 8. CER activities to be carried out by the unit are given in Annexure 22.

Details of issues raised in the public hearing along with commitment of the project proponent with budget allocation and time bound action plan is elaborated in Section 7.0, Chapter 7.

12 Any litigation pending against the There are no litigations pending against any project and/or any direction/order court of law against the project. It is a proposed passed by any Court of Law against

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. the project, if so, details thereof shall project. also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance1ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case

13 A tabular chart with index for point Prefixed to the EIA report. wise compliance of above TORs.

B SPECIFIC TOR 1. Commitment that no banned Unit will not manufacture any insecticides pesticides will be manufactured. which are banned / prohibited as listed in the Pesticides (Prohibition) Order, 2016 as per Notification vide S.O.3951(E) dated 08/08/2018 by Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. Copy of legal undertaking for the same is enclosed as Annexure 2.

2. Details on solvents to be used, Unit will require various solvents for measures for solvent recovery and manufacturing of proposed products. Spent for emissions control. solvent to be generated during the manufacturing process will be processed by way of in-situ distillation and will be reused in the process. Details of in-situ solvent requirement and recovery are given in Section 2.7, Table 2.3, Chapter 2.

Spent / Mix solvent generated will be either recovered by in-house distillation and reused OR sent for off-site distillation. Adequate measures will be taken for in-house recovery of solvent as per the Guidelines of CPCB. Details of solvent management are given in Section 2.7, Chapter 2 and Annexure 4.

3. Details of process emissions from Process gas will be generated in the form of the proposed unit and its HCl and SO2 gas from the proposed arrangement to control. manufacturing activities. Adequate scrubbing system of water scrubber followed by two stage alkali scrubber will be provided for the control of process gas emission. Vent of all the reactors will be connected with scrubbers to control emission of fumes / vapor, if any.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. Details of process gas emission are given in Section 2.11.2.2, Chapter 2.

4. Ambient air quality data should Baseline concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, include VOC, other process- NO2 & CO in the ambient air were within the specific pollutants* like NH3*, norms specified for NAAQs at all the monitoring chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, locations.

CS2 etc. (*-as applicable) Concentration of HCl in ambient air was below detection limit at all the monitoring locations. Details of AAQM are given in Section 3.3.6, Chapter 3.

5. Work zone monitoring For occupational health and safety of workers, arrangements for hazardous work area monitoring plan as per Factories Act chemicals. will be followed and implemented. For details, refer Section 7.5, Table 7.3, Chapter 7

6. Detailed effluent treatment scheme Total effluent generation from proposed project including segregation of effluent will be segregated into high Ammonical streams for units adopting 'Zero' Nitrogen, cyanide containing toxic stream, high liquid discharge. COD/TDS and low COD/TDS concentration streams.

High Ammonical and Cyanide bearing streams will be treated at plant level and will be sent to ETP for further treatments.

Low concentrated effluent @48.5 KLD will be treated in ETP followed by RO.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. increases beyond 15 KLD, unit will switch over to in-house MEE for effluent treatment and Zero Liquid Discharge.

Domestic wastewater will be sent to Soak pit via septic tank system.

Details of water balance are given in Section 2.11.1.1, Figure 2.5, Table 2.11 (a & b), Chapter 2.

Details of effluent treatment scheme is given in Section 2.11.1.1, Figure 2.6, Table 2.15 (a & b), Chapter 2.

Characteristic of effluent streams are given in Section 2.11.1.1, Table 2.10, 2.12(a, b), Table 2.13 and Table 2.14, Chapter 2.

7. Action plan for odour control to be There will be generation of odour nuisance submitted. from various locations like raw material storage & handling area, ETP area, Hazardous waste storage area etc. Action plan for odour control is given in Section 4.5.2, Table 4.9, Chapter 4.

8. A copy of the Memorandum of Unit will explore possibilities for disposal of Understanding signed with cement organic hazardous waste by Co-processing at manufacturers indicating clearly cement industries after commissioning of the that they co-process organic solid/ project. MoU will be signed after quality check hazardous waste generated. of hazardous waste will be confirmed. For details refer Section 2.11.3, Chapter 2.

9. Authorization/Membership for the Unit has obtained membership for disposal of disposal of liquid effluent in CETP high concentrated effluent into common spray and solid/hazardous waste in drying facility of Chhatral Enviro Management TSDF, if any. System Pvt. Ltd. Copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure 10. Different types of hazardous wastes will be disposed of at GPCB approved CHWIF / TSDF / Co-processing according to their hazardous characteristics. Unit will obtain membership / authorization for disposal of hazardous waste before commissioning of the proposed project. For details refer Section 2.11.3, Chapter 2.

10. Material Safety Data Sheet for all Material Safety Data Sheet for all the chemicals the Chemicals are being used/will are given in Part 3 of EIA report.

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TOR TOR Points Compliance Status No. be used.

11. Authorization/Membership for the Different types of hazardous wastes will be disposal of solid/hazardous waste disposed of at GPCB approved CHWIF / TSDF in TSDF. / Co-processing according to their hazardous characteristics. Unit will obtain membership / authorization for disposal of hazardous waste before commissioning of the proposed project. For details refer Section 2.11.3, Chapter 2.

12. Details of incinerator if to be Incinerator will not be required for the proposed installed. project.

13. Risk assessment for storage and Details of risk assessment are given in Section handling of hazardous 7.6, Chapter 7. Details of safety systems chemicals/solvents. Action plan for proposed for the proposed project are given in handling & safety system to be Section 7.3.2 & Section 7.7, Chapter 7. incorporated.

14. Arrangements for ensuring health Details of occupational health & safety of all and safety of workers engaged in workers is elaborated in Section 7.4 & 7.5, handling of toxic materials. Chapter 7.

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PREFACE The report is an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report for the proposed project for manufacturing of various insecticides for veterinary animal health and household use by M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. The aim of EIA study is to assess the impacts of proposed industrial activity on environment for planning suitable mitigation measures and to capitalize on beneficial impacts of proposed project.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. is a proposed unit to be located at Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Vil. Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat for the manufacturing of various Insecticides for veterinary animal health & household use with the total production capacity of 757.2 MT/Annum.

The proposed project is covered under Category 5(b)-A as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), dated 14/09/2006 and subsequent amendments. Therefore, unit requires obtaining Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

Hence, the unit had applied for prior Environmental Clearance (ToR) to MoEF&CC, New Delhi on 25/05/2019. ToR has been issued by MoEF&CC vide letter no. IA-J- 11011/297/2019-IA-II(I) on 27/06/2019 for preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment Report.

1.3 PROJECT PROPONENTS & THEIR BACKGROUND M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. is a private limited firm and details of the proponents are as given below in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1: Details of Proponent Sr. Experience, Name & Designation Qualification No. Years 1. Sandip J Parikh, CEO M.Sc., IIT 25 2. Shyamal Desai, General Manager (R&D) M.Sc., Organic Chemistry 22 Mahesh Unde, Senior Manager B.E., Chemical 3. 15 (Operations) Engineering Rajesh Kushwaha, Assistant Manager B.Tech., Chemical 4. 12 (Process Engineering) Engineering 5. Asif Solanki, Research Scientist M.Sc., Chemistry 17

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1.4 PURPOSE OF THE EIA STUDY The purpose of the Environmental Impact Assessment study and report is to comply with the ToRs issued by MoEF&CC as a part of the process to obtain Environmental Clearance. Most importantly the purpose of EIA study is to identify and mitigate environmental impacts in a timely manner.

The unit has appointed Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. (BECPL) as an EIA Consultant for the proposed project. BECPL is an EIA Consultant accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET), an organization working under the Quality Council of India (QCI), which is mandatory for carrying out EIA Projects as per amendment in MOEF&CC’s Notification vide S.O. 648(E) dated 3rd March 2016. Details of consultant are given in Chapter-12: Disclosure of Consultant.

1.5 OBJECTIVES OF EIA STUDY The prime purpose of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to disclose the environmental consequences of a proposed activity before action is taken. Thus, the main objective of EIA is to determine as precisely as possible, within the present limits of knowledge and expertise, the likely environmental impacts of a planned development activity and incorporate efficient environmental protection measures right at the planning stage of project in such a way that the residual adverse effects becomes acceptable or almost none. The objectives of the present environmental impact assessment study briefly described below: To sustain the goals of environmental protection and development.

To integrate environmental protection and economic decisions at the earliest stages of planning an activity.

To identify and assess environmental, social, economic, and cultural consequences of a proposed activity and to delineate plans for the mitigation of adverse impacts resulting from the proposed activity.

To provide for the involvement of the public, Government department and Government agencies in the review of the proposed activities.

Thus, by using EIA tool both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost & time of project design & implementation, avoided treatment/clean-up costs, impacts of laws and regulations, etc.

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1.6 SCOPE OF EIA STUDY The Environmental Impact Assessment fits into the long-term planning process as it provides the vehicle for identifying the potential effects of activities on the environment. Again, the long-term aspects of impact are probably more important as only on a longer time horizon can adequate, effective, and low-cost alternatives to reduce the impact be identified. Thus, main scopes of environmental impact assessment are described as follows.

To assess the prevailing environmental status within the study area around the project site. To evaluate performance of the existing plant with respect to compliance of existing environmental statutes & consents. To critically analyze the various activity of the proposed project and identify potential source of environmental pollution. To identify and assess significant impacts of proposed project on environmental components through matrix method. To suggest preventive and mitigation measures to minimize or avoid the adverse impacts on the environment and to maximize the beneficial impacts. To prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and delineate post-project environmental monitoring program to be pursued by the industries. To prepare an EIA Study report and utilize it for applicable statutory clearances for proposed project and/or any other management purpose.

Thus, the present EIA study will help the proponent in their planning of effective control measures to avoid or minimize the likely adverse impacts on environment due to their proposed project activities.

1.7 STRUCTURE OF REPORT A properly prepared assessment should enable the decision maker to conclude whether the proposal should or should not regarded as a major action, whether the environmental impact is or is not significant. To support the same, EIA report has been structured covering various aspects like project description, baseline environmental conditions, environmental impacts, mitigation measures, environmental management plan as directed by MoEF&CC through awarded ToR. Copy of ToR and its compliance is provided at the beginning of this report. Further, the present EIA report has been

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prepared chapter-wise in accordance with generic structure suggested by MoEF&CC in EIA notification.

The present report of the EIA study for the proposed unit for the manufacturing of synthetic organic chemicals has been prepared as per the structure given in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2: Structure of EIA Report Sr. EIA Structure Contents No. 1. Introduction Identification of project & project proponent Purpose, Objectives & Scope of EIA study Structure of EIA report 2. Project description Description & Justification of the project Project Location and Salient features of the project site Maps showing Project Location, plant layout & administrative map of study area Proposed Product and process description Description of facilities, infrastructure need, resource requirement, pollution potentials & management Regulatory Frame work 3. Baseline Approach & methodology of baseline study Environmental status Establishment of baseline status for valued environmental parameters as identified in scope Maps of Study Area showing Sampling & Monitoring Locations and land use pattern. 4. Anticipated Identification & prediction of environmental impacts Environmental during construction as well as operation phases of Impacts & Mitigation the proposed project Measures Evaluation of Impacts on air environment using mathematical model. Mitigation measures for minimizing and / or avoiding adverse impacts during construction as well as operation phases 5. Analysis of site Justification of sites selection & technology for the alternatives manufacturing of proposed products. (Technology & Site)

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Sr. EIA Structure Contents No. 6. Environmental Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness Monitoring Program of mitigation measures including measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules. Details of corporate environmental responsibility. Description of the administrative & managerial aspects of ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored. 7. Additional Studies Public Consultation Risk and Safety Management o Hazard Identification o Details of hazardous chemicals and Safety measures for transportation, loading/unloading, Storage/handling etc. o Safety measures for the manufacturing process and allied operations o Occupational Health & Safety Management o Monitoring program for EHS o Risk assessment study and mitigation measures o Fire fighting system and emergency management o Onsite / Offsite Emergency Plan 8. Project Benefits Employment opportunity and Corporate environmental responsibility (CER) Socio-economic development and Improvements in the physical & social infrastructure Employment & Other tangible benefits 9. Environmental Cost If suggested, at the scoping stage (Not applicable Benefit Analysis in this case) 10. Environmental Environmental Management Plan for various Management Plan project Activities Illustration of greenbelt development plan and application of cleaner production technology Budgetary allocation for environment protection 11. Summary & Salient features of the project covering project Conclusion description, location, mitigation measures, costing etc. Overall conclusion for the proposed project 12. Disclosure of Details of the EIA consultants, experts & Consultants Engaged Laboratory engaged.

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CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

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CHAPTER- 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. is a proposed unit to be located at Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Vil. Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat for the manufacturing of various Insecticides for veterinary animal health & household use with the total production capacity of 757.2 MT/Annum.

The proposed project is covered under Category 5(b)-A as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), dated 14/09/2006 and subsequent amendments.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT Rise in global epidemics such as Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika virus etc. leading to enhanced public spending has increased demand of household and veterinary insecticide products. Some of the actives in this project are import substitutes. Safe and efficient control of pests has become pivotal in the Veterinary sector for companion animals (pets like dogs, cats etc.) as well as livestock (cattle etc.). This has led to increasing demand especially for the export market.

Based on informal survey of the market with potential customers and various traders, it is found that there is a big demand in the domestic as well as international market. For the range of the products unit is planning, 65-70% of the products are likely to be exported. Global overseas market is growing by 6-8%. This growth coupled by increasing regulatory requirements is creating opportunities in the global markets

2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT Proposed project will be set up at Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Vil. Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat. Copies of land possession documents along with NA documents are attached as Annexure 1. Site photographs of the project site are given in Figure 2.1. Location map of the project site is given in Figure 2.2. The salient features of the projects are described in Table 2.1.

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Figure 2.1: Site Photographs

(23°18'39.01"N, 72°25'27.12"E) (23°18'37.09"N, 72°25'27.85"E)

(Facing SW Corner) (Facing NW Corner)

(23°18'36.53"N, 72°25'24.73"E) (23°18'38.31"N, 72°25'24.20"E)

(Facing NE Corner) (Facing SE Corner)

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Figure 2.2: Location Map of Project Site

Location of Site in Mehsana District

M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Village: Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Latitude: 23°18'37.99"N Longitude: 72°25'25.75"E

Location of Project Site

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Table 2.1: Salient features of the Project site 1. Site Location : Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Village-Indrad, Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana, Gujarat

2. Geographical Locations : Elevation: 75 m Toposheet No: F-43/A-7 Node Latitude Longitude NE 23°18'39.01"N 72°25'27.12"E SE 23°18'37.09"N 72°25'27.85"E SW 23°18'36.53"N 72°25'24.73"E NW 23°18'38.31"N 72°25'24.20"E 3. Land use of Project site : Agricultural Land converted into Non- Agricultural Land for Industrial Use 4. Infrastructure Setup (Aerial distance from project site) (a) Village / Habitation : Dhanot Village: 1.6 Km, SSE Indrad Village: 2.3 Km, WSW (b) City : Gandhinagar: 23 Km, SE (c) Highways : SH 41: 1.1 Km, East SH 133: 3.2 Km, South NH 8C: 22 Km, SE (d) Railway Station : Jhulasan Railway station: 5 Km, ENE (e) Water Bodies : Narmada Canal: 7.2 km, South Gulf of Khambhat: 140 Km, South (f) Domestic Airport : Ahmedabad Airport: 34 Km, SE (g) International Airport : Ahmedabad: 34 Km, SE

(h) Defense installations : None

5. Place of Interest / Tourist : None places 6. Displacement of population : None 7. Seismic Zone : As per the earthquake sensitivity index, the unit is situated in Zone-III having moderate Damage Risk (MSK- VII).

2.4 JUSTIFICATION OF SITE SELECTION The unit has already acquired a non-agricultural land converted for industrial use to establish the proposed project which is located in Mehsana Taluka of Ahmedabad district. Specific site selection criteria for the proposed project are given below; The project site is located in Mehsana district having all basic facilities like availability of water and fuel, electricity, transport and telecommunication systems etc.

Chapter-2: Project Description

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Plant site is 23 km away from Gandhinagar City which is having transportation facilities like linkage with Bombay and Delhi by Broad Gauge railway and National Highway No. 48. Unit has planned to setup Process R&D, Pilot Plant and formulation unit within the same premises along with technical grade insecticide manufacturing. Unit has been granted CTE by GPCB for or the proposed project. Unit has planned to collaborate with Indrashil University (set up by Cadila Pharmaceuticals) located nearby to the project site for Process R&D and new product development. Common infrastructure facility of spray drying is located in the vicinity of the project site at about 1 km to facilitate Zero Liquid Discharge. The raw materials required for the production of all the proposed products is easily available in the vicinity of the project site, because of the proximity to the industrial chemical markets at Chhatral, Kalol, Mehsana and Ahmedabad. This will reduce both the cost of raw material transportation and the associated risk. Availability of trained and skilled manpower nearby because of the proximity to various industrial areas and city/town. There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco- sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act-1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the Plant Site.

2.5 PRODUCT PROFILE The unit proposes to manufacture various insecticides for veterinary animal health and household use with total production capacity of 757.2 MT/Annum. Details of proposed products are given in Table 2.2. Unit will require approval from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Icaridin, Permethrin, Flumethrin and Amitraz products considering their application even though they are categorized as insecticides. None of the products will have LD50Toxicity below 400 mg/kg (Oral) and 1,600 mg/kg (Dermal). Also, unit will not manufacture any insecticides which are banned / prohibited as listed in the Pesticides (Prohibition) Order, 2016 as per Notification vide S.O.3951(E) dated 08/08/2018 by Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. Copy of legal undertaking for the same is enclosed as Annexure 2.

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Table 2.2: Details of Proposed Products

Capacity, LD50, mg/kg Prod. Products CAS No. Ton/ End Use Code Annum Oral Dermal 118712- A1 Transfluthrin &/OR > 5,000 > 5,000 89-3 Imiprothrin 72963- A2 &/OR 1,800 2,000 MUP 72-5 915288- Household A3 Meperfluthrin &/OR > 2,000 > 2,000 13-0 Insecticides 240.0 240494- A4 Metofluthrin &/OR > 2,000 > 2,000 70-6 271241- A5 Dimefluthrin &/OR 2,270 > 2,000 14-6 Permethrin 52645- Veterinary A6 2,270 6,600 Tech. 53-1 Insecticide Flumethrin 69770- Veterinary B 18.0 2,000 2,000 MB 45-2 Insecticide 119515- Mosquito C1 Icaridin &/OR 2,236 4,743 38-7 Repellant 300.0 33089- Veterinary C2 Amitraz 400 > 1,600 61-6 Insecticide Intermediate for S-Trans 59042- Manufacturing D Cypermethric 187.2 > 1,000 > 2,000 49-8 of Household Acid (STCMA) Insecticides R&D and Pilot E -- 12.0 ------Plant Total 757.2

2.6 MANUFACTURING PROCESS Manufacturing of proposed products involve various unit operations like distillation, crystallization, condensation, purification and filtration etc. and unit processes like chlorination, hydrogenation, reduction, neutralization and acidification etc. Details of manufacturing process for the all the proposed products with process description, reaction chemistry, process flow diagram and material balance are described in Annexure 3.

2.7 SOLVENT REQUIREMENTS & RECOVERY SYSTEM Unit will require various solvents for manufacturing of proposed products Spent solvent to be generated during the manufacturing process will be processed by way of in-situ distillation and will be reused in the process. Details of in-situ solvent requirement and recovery are given in Table 2.3.

Spent / Mix solvent generated will be either recovered by in-house distillation and reused OR sent for off-site distillation. Adequate measures will be taken for in-house recovery of

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F The mass will be distilled at required temperature where pure solvent will be distilled out depending on their boiling points. Vacuum will also be applied as per requirement during distillation. F Distillation Column will be connected with the sets of condensers having circulation of cooling media and Recovered solvent will be collected in the receiving tank. The average solvent recovery will not bel less than 95% and following measures will be taken to ensure the maximum recovery of solvent. o Distillation column will be connected with two numbers of condensers. Main condenser will have cooling water circulation while vent condenser will have chilled water circulation. The condensers will be provided with sufficient heat transfer area and residence time to achieve maximum recovery. o The entire manufacturing activities & distillation process will be carried out in totally closed system. o Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors to control losses due to fugitive emission. o Heating rates during the distillation will be carefully modulated to ensure low vapor load in condenser. o The condensers having appropriate design and capacity will be installed for solvent recovery o Vent scrubber will be connected with carbon tower for absorption of VOCs. o Online analyser for VOC will be installed at the vent outlet. o Maintenance and cleaning of condensers will be carried out regularly to remove scaling and improve the efficiency o Solvents will be stored in covered drum and will be kept in covered shed.

During the distillation of spent solvent, all impurities will be removed along with distillation residue and recovered solvent will be of 99.9% purity. The details of product wise solvent requirement and justification for solvent loss are mentioned in Annexure-4.

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Figure 2.3: Schematic Diagram of Solvent Recovery System

Table 2.3: Solvent Management (In-situ recovery) Sr. Product Max. Requirement, TPM Requirement (%) Name of Solvent No. code Fresh Recovered Total Fresh Recovered Total 1. Ethyl Acetate A2 4.97 71.51 76.48 6.50 93.50 100 A6 2.06 39.00 41.06 5.02 94.98 100 C1 1.92 36.21 38.13 5.02 94.98 100 2. Hexane Total / 3.98 75.21 79.19 5.02 94.98 100 Avg. C1 3.69 70.51 74.21 4.97 95.03 100 C2 2.40 49.10 51.50 4.66 95.34 100 3. Isopropyl Alcohol Total / 3.69 70.51 74.21 4.97 95.03 100 Avg. 4. Methanol A1 0.34 7.51 7.86 4.39 95.61 100 Methyl Isobutyl 5. A2 1.75 68.35 70.09 2.49 97.51 100 Ketone A2 1.25 23.66 24.91 5.01 94.99 100 Methylene B 0.14 4.61 4.75 2.97 97.03 100 6. Dichloride Total / 1.39 28.27 29.66 4.68 95.32 100 Avg. A1 14.68 285.74 300.41 4.89 95.11 100 A2 6.76 145.06 151.82 4.46 95.54 100 A3 7.25 139.75 147.00 4.93 95.07 100 A4 17.06 326.81 343.88 4.96 95.04 100 7. Toluene A5 7.25 139.75 147.00 4.93 95.07 100 B 0.49 9.31 9.80 5.00 95.00 100 Total / 17.55 336.12 353.67 4.96 95.04 100 Avg. Total / Average 33.67 657.48 691.15 4.87 95.13 100

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2.8 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION 2.8.1. Raw Material Requirement Various raw materials will be required for the manufacturing of proposed products. Details of raw materials like chemical name, CAS No., unit product requirements and monthly requirement etc. are given in Annexure 5. Most of the raw material will be available locally and some of the raw materials will be imported. Details of source of all the raw materials are enclosed as Annexure 6.

2.8.2. Handling All the raw materials and finished products will be handled as per the standard practice in the closed systems. Also, all the pipes and equipment will be kept cleaned to avoid any blockage and deposits. Pressure tests (leak tests) will be carried out before every startup. Hydro test of tank/ systems will be carried out periodically. All the process and storage equipment used for the handling of these chemicals will be maintained properly to avoid any leakage or spillage of the chemical. Also, all storage tanks, transfer lines, valves, fittings and every joint will be inspected by third party periodically. Drum trolley will be used for safe handling and transfer of hazardous chemicals drums from one place to another place in the plant area.

2.8.3. Storage Unit will provide adequate and proper storage facilities for all the raw materials and finished products. All the raw materials will be stored in designated storage area in tightly closed containers/tanks. Solvents will be stored in isolated storage area as per the requirement of PESO. Details of storage and handling of proposed products and raw materials like physical form, type of storage, size of storage containment, maximum storage capacity, hazardous characteristic and threshold storage quantity are given in Annexure 6.

2.8.4. Transportation Most of the raw materials required for the proposed products will be sourced locally, because of the existence / development of the chemical industries and chemical markets at Chhatral, Mehsana, Kalol and Ahmedabad. This will reduce both the cost of raw material transportation and the associated risk. Finished products will be sold to domestic / international market by convenient mode of transportation. Details of transportation for each of the raw materials and products are given in Annexure 6.

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2.9 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Proposed project will require water, power, fuel, human resources, machineries & utilities etc. The details of all major resources to be required for proposed project are described in subsequent sections under respective headings.

2.9.1. Land The total land area acquired for the proposed project is 5,769.28 m2 which is a non- agricultural land converted for industrial use. Plant layout of the proposed project is given in Figure 2.4 and attached as Annexure 7. Detailed break-up of area is given in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Break-up of Area % of Total Sr. No. Particular Area (m2) Land 1 Production Plant 390.00 6.76 2 Storage (Raw Material) 552.00 9.57 3 Storage (Hazardous Waste Area) 72.00 1.25 4 Utilities 258.00 4.47 5 Admin Building, QC, R&D 335.00 5.81 6 Effluent Treatment Plant 75.00 1.30 7 Green Belt 1,920.00 33.28 8 Roads 800.00 13.87 9 Parking 72.00 1.25 10 Undeveloped Land 1,295.28 22.45 Total 5,769.28 100.00

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Figure 2.4: Plant Layout of Project Site

Legend

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2.9.2. Machineries & Utilities As the proposed project will have different production plants for the manufacturing of various products, large number of plant machineries and also utilities will be required. The lists of plant machineries for the proposed project are given in Table 2.5. However, the actual requirements of machineries & equipment are not limited to the basic list below as some additional minor requirements can also be cited depending up on necessity noticed during installation & operations.

Table 2.5: Details of Plant Machineries and Utilities Sr. Qty. / Particulars MoC / Type Size / Capacity No. Nos. 1. Reactor SS 316 11 5000 & 3000 Lit 2. Reactor MSGLR 05 5000 & 6300 Lit 3. Hydrogenator (high pressure) SS 316 02 1500 Lit 4. Sparkler filter SS 316 02 24*24P 5. Vessel PP/FRP 01 7500 Lit 6. Centrifuge SS 316 04 48’’ 7. Nutsche filter SS 316 01 48’’ 8. Fluidized bed dryer SS 316 01 150 Kg/hr 9. Steam Boiler - 01 2 TPH 10. Thermic Fluid Heater - 01 1 Lac Kcal/hr 11. Cooling Tower - 02 200 & 300 TR 12. Distillation Column Set - 02 Ht: 12 m, Dia: 0.2 m 13. Scrubber set PP / HDPE 01 Ht: 3 m, Dia: 0.3 m 14. DG Set - 01 500 kVA

2.9.3. Project Cost Estimated cost of proposed project will be about Rs. 40 Crore. The detail breakup of the capital cost is given in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: Cost of Project Sr. Capital Investment Description No. (Rs. In Crore) 1. Land & Site Development 6.0 2. Building 6.0 3. Environmental Protection Measures 3.4 4. Plant & Machineries 24.6 Total 40.0

2.9.4. Power Total 550 KW power will be required for the proposed project which will be procured from Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (UGVCL) in addition to this, one DG Set of 500

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kVA will be installed as captive source of power and will be used in case of main power failure from UGVCL.

2.9.5. Water The water requirement for the proposed project will be fulfilled by private industrial estate authority, M/s. Umiya Industrial Estate, from their own borewell by means of fixed pipeline. The fresh water requirement for various domestic, gardening & industrial activities will be 71 KLD. An application of NOC for withdrawal of ground water from borewell has been submitted to CGWA by Umiya Industrial Estate. Copy of the acknowledgement of application is enclosed as Annexure 8. Copy of letter for water supply from Umiya Industrial Estate is enclosed as Annexure 9.

2.9.6. Fuel Biofuel (Agrowaste) &/OR Coal @7 TPD will be used as a fuel for steam boilers (2 TPH) and thermic fluid heater (1 Lacs Kcal/hr). Diesel @2 KLD will be used as a fuel for stand-by DG Sets (500 kVA). The details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.7.

Table 2.7: Details of Fuel Requirement

Sr.

Type of Fuel % % % Requirements Source

No. Ash Value Sulfur Carbon Calorific

3,850 7.5 Biofuel (Agro < 7.0 < 0.04 > 41.0 Local Suppliers waste) &/OR Kcal/kg TPD Avg: 1 4,500 6.5 7 TPD Imported Coal from Coal < 34.0 < 0.50 > 49.0 Kcal/kg TPD Adani Coal Supply

9,500 IOCL / Local 2 Diesel < 1.0 < 0.25 > 77.0 2 KLD Kcal/L Supplier

2.9.7. Man Power The manpower is one of the main resource requirements to operate and maintain the plant in a better and efficient way. Total 120 personnel will be employed for the proposed project in the operation phase. Details of personnel requirement at various cadres are given in Table 2.8.

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Table 2.8: Details of Manpower Requirement Description Requirement Administration 10 Production & allied services 60 Stores & Dispatch 10 Others 40 Total 120

2.10 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Implementation of the project will involve major activities like preparation of specifications / drawings, receipt of quotations & its technical scrutiny, finalization of the vendors and placing orders, civil and structural construction, delivery and erection of equipment and machineries and its trial runs, plant commissioning and commercial production.

The project activities will be commenced after receipt of Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC and CC&A from GPCB. The expected start date of the project will be Mid of May 2020 and the completion of first production plant will take about 6 months and which is expected to be in operative phase in by October 2020. As the project gradually advances, it is expected to achieve full production in about 5 years. The Tentative project implementation schedule with respect to various activities is given as follows.

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2.11 POLLUTION POTENTIAL AND MANAGEMENT The proposed project will have potential of pollution mainly due to wastewater generation, gaseous emission from process, flue gas emission from utilities and hazardous waste generation & disposal. These potentials of pollution are described below under respective heading with necessary details;

2.11.1 Water Pollution The fresh water requirement of 71 KLD for the proposed project will be sourced from private industrial estate authority M/s. Umiya Industrial Estate from their own borewell by means of fixed pipeline. Based on the material balance and technical experience of the similar industries, the water consumption and wastewater generation for all the products as well as for various categories have been calculated.

There will be effluent generation of 68.5 KLD from industrial activities and sewage of 5 KLD from domestic activities. Product wise water consumption and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.9. Product-wise effluent characteristics and pollution load is given in Table 2.10. Category wise water consumption and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.11(a). Summary of water balance is given in Table 2.11(b). The water balance diagram is given in Figure 2.5.

Table 2.9: Product-wise Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation Water Wastewater Sr. Name of Product Stream Consumption Generation No. Product Code Liter / Kg KLD Liter / Kg KLD Process 27.88 21.45 32.57 25.05 1 Transfluthrin A1 APCE 4.84 3.72 6.66 5.13 Process 13.42 10.33 20.19 15.53 2 Imiprothrin MUP A2 APCE 0.87 0.67 1.25 0.96 Process 8.74 6.73 9.28 7.13 3 Meperfluthrin A3 APCE 2.46 1.90 3.42 2.63 Process 19.96 15.35 30.10 23.15 4 Metofluthrin A4 APCE 2.46 1.90 3.42 2.63 Process 8.74 6.73 9.28 7.13 5 Dimefluthrin A5 APCE 2.46 1.90 3.42 2.63 Process 1.21 0.93 1.10 0.85 6 Permethrin Tech. A6 APCE 1.71 1.32 2.40 1.85 Process 27.88 21.45 32.57 25.05 Group A (Max.) APCE 4.84 3.72 6.66 5.13 Process 52.95 3.05 59.19 3.41 7 Flumethrin MB B APCE 4.96 0.29 6.80 0.39 8 Icaridin C1 Process 3.27 3.14 4.05 3.89 9 Amitraz C2 Process Nil Nil Nil Nil

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Water Wastewater Sr. Name of Product Stream Consumption Generation No. Product Code Liter / Kg KLD Liter / Kg KLD *S-Trans 10 Cypermethric D Process Nil Nil Nil Nil Acid (STCMA) R&D & Pilot Process 56.00 2.15 62.50 2.40 11 E Plant APCE 10.00 0.38 13.50 0.52 -- All Reactor Vents -- APCE -- 0.60 0.80 Process -- 29.80 -- 34.76 Total All Groups (Max.) APCE -- 4.99 -- 6.84 *Remark – Load is considered in Product A1 since it is co-product of Product A1

Table 2.10: Product wise pollution load Cyanide Hy. TDS COD Prod. Name of TDS, COD, NH -N, Bearing Load, Load, Load, 3 Code Product mg/L mg/L mg/L Stream, KLD kg/day kg/day mg/L 67 A1 Transfluthrin 25.05 22,247 557 4,134 104 (Hy. Load: -- 1.43 KLD) Imiprothrin 279 A2 15.53 1,43,471 2,229 27,428 426 (Hy. Load: -- MUP 15.53 KLD) 438 A3 Meperfluthrin 7.13 1,35,516 967 8,094 58 (Hy. Load: -- 7.13 KLD) 405 A4 Metofluthrin 23.15 91,756 2,125 9,685 224 (Hy. Load: -- 7.14 KLD) 429 A5 Dimefluthrin 7.13 1,35,516 967 8,619 61 (Hy. Load: -- 7.13 KLD) Permethrin A6 0.85 28,931 24 7,904 7 -- -- Tech. 279 Max. / Avg. (Group A) 25.05 88,959 2,229 17,007 426 (Hy. Load: -- 15.53 KLD) 544 5,680 B Flumethrin MB 3.41 67,279 230 72,670 248 (Hy. Load: (Hy. Load: 1.57 KLD) 0.27 KLD) 184 C1 Icaridin 3.89 71,642 279 52,910 206 (Hy. Load: -- 3.62 KLD) R&D & Pilot E 2.40 25,000 60 15,000 36 -- -- Plant

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Table 2.11(a): Category wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation Water Wastewater Application Stream Requirement, Generation, (KL/Day) (KL/Day) [A] Domestic Fresh 6.0 5.0 [B] Gardening Fresh 6.5 -- [C] Industrial 1) Process Fresh 30.0 35.0 2) APCE Reuse 5.0 7.0 3) Boiler – Makeup Fresh 10.0 1.0 Fresh 4.0 4) Cooling – Makeup 11.0 Reuse 61.0 5) Washing Fresh 4.5 4.5 6) Water Treatment Plant (WTP) – Fresh 10.0 10.0 Makeup Fresh + Total Industrial 124.5 *68.5 Reuse Requirement / Generation Reuse 66.0 *66.0 Total Industrial Fresh 58.5 *Nil Requirement / Discharge Total Water Fresh 71.0 5.0 Requirement / Discharge [A+B+C] *Difference of 2.5 KLD is salt generation from MEE

Table 2.11(b): Summary of Water Balance Wastewater Generation / Water Requirement, KLD Categories Discharge, KLD Fresh Reuse Total Generation Reuse Discharge Domestic 6.0 Nil 6.0 5.0 Nil 5.0 Gardening 6.5 Nil 6.5 Nil Nil Nil Industrial 58.5 66.0 124.5 *68.5 *66.0 *Nil Total 71.0 66.0 137.0 *73.5 *66.0 5.0 * Difference of 2.5 KLD is salt generation from MEE.

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Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram

(6.0) (5.0) To soak pit Domestic through septic Gross Water Requirement: 137 (12.5) tank Net Water Requirement: 71.0 Fresh: 71.0, Reuse: 66.0 (6.5) Gardening

(58.5)

(54.5)

(Reject: 10) WTP

(44.5)

Evap. & (4.0) (61.0) Evap. & Drift (30) (4.5) (10.0) Loss: 54 (5.0) Chemical Handling Loss Loss: 9.0 from Process: Process Washing Boiler Cooling Process Gas APCE 5 & Scrubbing Media: 2

(35) (4.5) (1.0) (10.0) (11.0) (7.0)

(20.0) (15.0) (33.5) Total Effluent Generation: High Conc. Low Conc. (15.0) ETP 68.5 Stream Stream (48.5) (20.0) (48.5)

Stripper (RO Permeate: 33.5) RO (48.5)

(20.0) (RO Reject: 15)

High TDS (35.0)

(35.0)

MEE & ATFD OR (MEE Condensate: 32.5) Salt to TSDF (2.5) *Disposal by Common Spray Drying

*Remark: During initial phase of the project, high concentrated effluent will be sent for Common Spray Drying at Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt. Ltd. till the effluent quantity reaches 15 KLD which is located at about 1 km from project site. As the project gradually advances and effluent generation increases beyond 15 KLD, unit will switch over to in-house MEE for effluent treatment and Zero Liquid Discharge. Note: All quantities are expressed in KLD.

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2.11.1.1 Effluent Treatment Scheme & Mode of Disposal Stream-wise and stage-wise characteristics of effluent have been derived from the experience of similar kind of industry and pilot scale study, it is given in Table 2.12 (a & b) and 2.13 respectively.

Total effluent generation from proposed project will be segregated into high Ammonical Nitrogen, cyanide containing toxic stream, high COD/TDS and low COD/TDS concentration streams. Z Treatment of High Ammonical Effluent Stream There will be generation of effluent streams having high Ammonical Nitrogen from manufacturing of some of the products as mentioned in Table 2.10. It will be collected separately at plant in vessel and given physico-chemical treatment by breakthrough chlorination using Sodium hypochlorite. During the treatment pH between 7.0 and 8.0 will be maintained and treated effluent after removal of Ammonical Nitrogen it will be sent for further treatment to ETP and will be either re-used or sent for spray drying. Z Treatment of Sodium Cyanide bearing Effluent Stream There will be generation of sodium cyanide bearing toxic stream from manufacturing of Flumethrin MB product as mentioned in Table 2.10. It will be collected separately at plant level and given treatment with Sodium hypochlorite. During the treatment pH more than 10 will be maintained. After continuous stirring, the treated mass will be checked for free sodium cyanide. Continue adding sodium hypochlorite until the concentration of sodium cyanide becomes Nil. it will be check for free chlorine in treated water and required quantity of Sodium Bisulfite solution will be added to make the mass chlorine free. Such treated water will be sent for further treatment to ETP. Z Low concentrated wastewater streams i.e. Process @15 KLD, Washing @4.5 KLD, Boiler @1.0 KLD, Cooling @11 KLD, WTP Reject @10 KLD and APCE @1.5 KLD will be sent to ETP. Thus, total hydraulic load of ETP will be 48.5 KLD. Z Treated effluent from ETP @48.5 KLD will be sent to RO. Reject from RO @15 KLD will be sent to MEE. Permeate from RO @33.5 KLD will be re-used in cooling makeup and APCE.

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Z High concentrated wastewater stream from manufacturing process @20 KLD will be treated in stripper. Stripped out solvent from stripper will be recovered by in- house distillation and re-used. Treated water from stripper @20 KLD along with ETP-RO Reject @15 KLD will be sent to MEE. Thus, total hydraulic load of MEE will be 35 KLD. Condensate from MEE @32.5 along with permeate from ETP-RO @33.5 KLD will be re-used in Cooling tower makeup @61 KLD and APCE @5 KLD. Hence, unit will maintain Zero Liquid Discharge. Characteristic of treated effluent for re-use is given in Table 2.14. Z During initial phase of the project, high concentrated effluent after primary treatment will be sent for Common Spray Drying at Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt. Ltd. till the effluent quantity reaches 15 KLD which is located at about 1 km distance from project site. Effluent will be sent through dedicated and labelled tanker equipped with GPS with real time log and will be connected with server of GPCB. As the project gradually advances and effluent generation increases beyond 15 KLD, unit will switch over to in-house MEE for effluent treatment and Zero Liquid Discharge. Copy of the Membership for disposal of high concentrated effluent into Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt. Ltd. is enclosed as Annexure 10. Z ETP comprising of primary, secondary and tertiary treatment units will be designed to treat maximum 50 KLD effluent and MEE will be designed to treat maximum 40 KLD capacity as shown in Figure 2.6. Technical details of ETP & Stripper / MEE are given in Table 2.15(a) and 2.15(b) respectively. Unit will provide separate electric meter at the inlet of ETP and MEE units. Z Sewage generation from domestic activities @5 KLD will be sent to soak pit through septic tank system.

2.11.1.2 Process Description of Effluent Treatment Plant Z Primary Collection & Treatment Wastewater from plant will be pumped into one of the two Collection-cum-Treatment Tanks each having working volume of 25 m3. Each tank will be provided with an agitator, operated with VFD at about 50 rpm during mixing and 10-15 rpm during flocculation. The purpose of the collection tank will be to equalize process water concentration variations in the influent while allowing primary treatment like pH adjustment,

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coagulation, flocculation and settling. One of the tanks will be used to collect and accumulate the incoming effluent while the second tank will be used for treatment and transfer. After treatment and settling, sludge will be drained by gravity to underground sump and then pumped out to dewatering device while the remaining clarified effluent from the shall be pumped through bag filter to the biological system (Aeration Tank) by centrifugal pumps. Z Biological Treatment Biological treatment will comprise of Aeration Tank and Membrane Bioreactor (MBR). Aeration Tank will be provided with air grid arrangement in aeration tank. Capacity of Aeration tank will be 25 m3. Air blowers will be provided to aerate the waste water in the aeration tank. Effluent from aeration tank will be pumped to MBR module system for removal of MLSS generated in the Aeration Tank and the concentrated MLSS will be recycled back to the Aeration Tank. MBR with capacity of 2.4 m3/hr will be proposed as the system of choice for membrane filtration. MBR will either be external tubular type or submerged hollow fiber. Tubular MBR will be a pressure-driven separating process, which physically separates solutions and dispersions into concentrates and permeates. The solution to be separated circulates across the membrane module at high velocity. The permeate will be forced through the pores of the membrane, while suspended particulates will remain in the retentate stream. Cross-flow filtration will create high turbulence on the membrane surface and will prevent the accumulation of particles on the inner surface of the tubular membrane providing high flux and prolonged filter life. On the other hand, Submerged MBR will comprise of a skid/fame of hollow-fibre bundles placed within a separate tank. The aerated wastewater with MLSS will enter the tank by gravity and the clear permeate will be pulled out using a centrifugal pump. The skid will be aerated, either continuously or intermittently to clean the membrane surface off bio-solids. A separate backwash pump will be provided to backwash the membranes through inside to outside flow. The permeate from MBR System will be pumped through Disc-type RO System. Capacity of DTRO System will be 1 m3/hr feed with TDS of 5000 mg/L. Permeate of DTRO System will be collected in Permeate Tank and Reject of DTRO System will be collected in Reject Tank. Capacity of Permeate & Reject Tank will be 15 m3 and

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10 m3 respectively. Permeate will be reuse as cooling tower make-up and APCE and reject water will be either sent to common spray drying facility or to in-house MEE. Z Sludge Treatment Settled Sludge at bottom of Collection cum Treatment Tank will be collected in Sludge Tank. Sludge Tank will be having 5 m3 volume and mixing arrangement to prevent sludge settling. Sludge will be further treated through Dewatering Bag Filter Unit which also include polymer addition and mixing arrangement within the unit for better flocculation process. Sludge collected in Bags will be dried under sun light and further disposed to TSDF facility. Wastewater from bag filter will be collected in Drain sump and recycle back to collection tank. Capacity of Drain Sump will be 10 m3.

Figure 2.6: Schematic flow diagram of proposed ETP

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Table 2.12(a): Stream wise Characteristics of high COD/TDS Effluent in MEE To Stripper To MEE after RO

Unit Sr. No. Stream MEE Outlet Reject Design Primary ETP- Stripper Stripper Wastewater treatment for Reuse High COD/ Composite Composite Outlet Condensate TDS Process Consideration Hydraulic 1 KLD 20.0 20.0 20.0 15.0 35.0 40.0 32.5 Flow Rate, 2 pH - 5.5-8.5 7.0-8.0 7.0-8.0 6.5-7.5 7.0-8.0 7.5-8.5 6.5-7.5 3 TDS (Max.) mg/L 75,000 75,000 75,000 9,230 46,813 50,000 250 4 COD (Max.) mg/L 25,000 10,000 10,000 483 5,921 6,000 25 5 BOD (Max.) mg/L 7,000 3,000 3,000 128 1,769 2,000 10

Table 2.12(b): Stream wise Characteristics of Effluent in ETP

. to Unit ETP APCE Boiler Sr. No Stream Stream Cooling Effluent Process Washing Effluent Low Conc. Composite WTP Reject Wastewater Hydraulic 1 KLD 15.0 7.0 1.0 11.0 4.5 10.0 48.5 Flow Rate 2 pH - 4.0-10.0 6.5-7.5 6.0-8.0 8.0-9.0 8.0-9.0 6.5-7.5 7.0-8.0 3 TDS (Max.) mg/L 4,500 3,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 5,100 3,593 4 COD (Max.) mg/L 5,000 2,000 50 40 2,000 30 2,037 5 BOD (Max.) mg/L 1,500 600 15 13 600 6 611

Table 2.13: Stage wise Characteristics of Effluent in ETP

Sr. Parameters Unit

No. MEE Outlet Influent Influent Primary for Reuse Secondary Composite Composite (For Design) Outlet to RO RO Reject to RO Permeate

1 pH - 7.0-8.0 6.5-8.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 2 TDS (Max.) mg/L 3,593 4,000 3,800 3,200 500 9,230 3 COD (Max.) mg/L 2,037 2,100 950 170 30 483 4 BOD (Max.) mg/L 611 650 300 45 8 128

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Table 2.14: Characteristics of treated effluent for re-use Sr. MEE RO Composite Wastewater Stream Unit No. Condensate Permeate for Reuse 1 Hydraulic Flow Rate KLD 32.5 33.5 66.0 2 pH - 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 7.0-8.0 3 TDS (Max.) mg/L 250 500 377 4 COD (Max.) mg/L 25 30 28 5 BOD (Max.) mg/L 10 8 9

Table 2.15 (a): Detail of Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant

Sr. No. of Treatment Units Capacity No. Units High COD / TDS Stream 1 Collection cum Neutralization Tank 1 13.5 m3 2 Lime Solution Tank 1 2.0 m3 3 Alum Solution Tank 1 2.0 m3 4 Disk Type Reverse Osmosis 1 1.0 m3/hr 5 Stripper 1 1.3 m3/hr 6 MEE 1 0.2 m3/hr 7 ATFD 1 0.2 m3/hr Low COD/TDS Stream 1 Collection cum Treatment Tank 3 75.0 m3 2 Cartridge type Bag Filter 1 0.3 m3/hr 3 Aeration Tank 1 75.0 m3 4 Membrane Bio Reactor 1 2.4 m3/hr 5 RO Permeate Holding Tank 1 15.0 m3 6 RO Reject Holding Tank 1 10.0 m3 7 Sludge Sump 1 5.0 m3 8 Drain Sump 1 10.0 m3 9 Filter Press 1 --

Table 2.15(b): Details of Advanced Effluent Treatment Plant Actual Proposed Parameters Unit Load capacity Stripper Capacity KLD 20 25 Feed Rate KL/hr 1.0 1.3 Steam Requirement kg/hr 110 138 Top Temperature °C 70 70 Bottom Temperature °C 100 100

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Actual Proposed Parameters Unit Load capacity Multiple Effect Evaporator Installed Capacity KLD 35 40 Feed Flow Rate Lit/hr 1750 200 Water Evaporation / Condensate Recovery Kg/hr 1488 1700 Feed temperature °C 35 35 Total solids in Feed % 5.0% 5.0% Solids in concentrate % 40.0% 40.0% Salt Recovered / MEE Sludge Kg/hr 218.8 250 Z Services / Utilities Required: Steam Requirement Kg/hr 665 760 Cooling water Circulation Rate m3/hr 15 18 Power Load (excluding cooling tower and HP 45 51 cooling water pump) Power Consumption KW 34 38 Cooling water inlet temperature °C 32 32 Cooling water outlet temperature °C 38 38 ATFD Feed Rate Kg/hr 219 250 Feed Concentration % 40% 40% Steam in ATFD Kg/hr 175 200 Steam Pressure Kg/hr 8 8 Salt Recovered (with 10% moisture) TPD 1.94 2.22 Summary of Steam Requirement Stripper 110 138 MEE Kg/hr 665 760 ATFD 175 200 Kg/hr 950 1,098 Total Steam Requirement TPH 0.95 1.10 Tolerance: All performance figure within +5%, All consumption figure within +10%

Unit will establish in-house lab for monitoring of parameters like pH, TDS & COD on daily basis. Flow meter will be provided at the inlet of MEE and outlet of ETP for proper effluent load monitoring and management. In addition to this, relevant guidelines and directions given by GPCB will be followed from time to time.

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Total steam requirement for the manufacturing process will be 1.0 TPH. Total steam requirement for advanced effluent treatment unit viz. Stripper, MEE and ATFD will be of maximum 1 TPH as shown in Table 2.15(b). Unit will install steam boilers having total capacity of 2 TPH Hence, it will be adequate to meet steam requirement for the entire project including effluent treatment. Also, thermic fluid heater of 1 Lac Kcal/hr will be installed to meet with the thermal energy requirement of the process.

2.11.2 Air Pollution The main sources of air pollution will be flue gas emission and process gas emission from the proposed project. There will be chances of fugitive emission due to manufacturing activities and storage & handing of raw materials & products. Various potential of air pollution is briefly described hereunder,

2.11.2.1 Flue Gas Generation Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be provided to Steam Boiler (2 TPH) and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid Heater (1 Lacs Kcal/hr). Adequate stack height will be provided to steam boiler and thermic fluid heater for proper dispersion of gaseous pollutants into atmosphere. DG Set (500 kVA) will require Diesel @ 2 KLD as fuel. Adequate stack height will be provided to the proposed DG set. Details of flue gas stacks for are given hereunder in Table 2.16.

Table 2.16: Details of Flue Gas Stacks Sr. Type of Height Dia. Conc. of Air Pollution Control Stack Attached to No. Fuel (m) (m) Pollutants Measures Steam Boiler Bio-fuel PM ≤ 150 Multicyclone separator 1 20 0.5 (2 TPH) (Agro waste) mg/Nm3 followed by Bag filter Thermic Fluid Heater &/OR 2 15 0.5 Multicyclone separator (1 Lac Kcal/hr) Coal SO2 ≤ 100 ppm DG Set 3 Diesel 11 0.2 Adequate Stack Height (500 KVA), Stand-by NO2 ≤ 50 ppm

2.11.2.2 Process gas generation The source of process gas generation from the proposed manufacturing activity will be

in the form of HCl & SO2 gas. Adequate scrubbing system of Water followed by two stage Alkali Scrubber will be provided for the control of process gas emission. All the reactor vents will be attached with scrubber set to control emission of fumes and vapors, if any.

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The details of gaseous generation due to proposed manufacturing activities are given in Table 2.17. Details of process gas stacks for proposed project are given in Table 2.18. Details of scrubbing system are given in Table 2.19. Schematic diagram of air pollution control measure is given as Figure 2.7.

Table 2.17: Details Of Proposed Process Gas Generation

Generation of Gaseous Pollutants Product Expected Products Kg/Kg of Code Pollutant Kg/Batch TPD Product HCl Gas 475 0.409 0.315 A1 Transfluthrin SO2 Gas 245 0.211 0.162

A2 Imiprothrin MUP SO2 Gas 160 0.166 0.128 HCl Gas 55 0.172 0.132 A3 Meperfluthrin SO2 Gas 55 0.172 0.132 HCl Gas 55 0.172 0.132 A4 Metofluthrin SO2 Gas 55 0.172 0.132 HCl Gas 55 0.172 0.132 A5 Dimefluthrin SO2 Gas 55 0.172 0.132 HCl Gas 94 0.094 0.072 A6 Permethrin Tech. SO2 Gas 164 0.164 0.126 HCl Gas -- -- 0.315 Max. Group A SO2 Gas -- -- 0.162 HCl Gas 353 0.467 0.027 B Flumethrin MB SO2 Gas 101 0.134 0.008

Total Generation - HCl Gas: 0.342 TPD, SO2 Gas: 0.17 TPD

Table 2.18: Details of Process Gas Stack & APCM Pollutant Sr. Ht. & Source of emission Concentration, APCM No. Dia. (m) mg/Nm3 Water (A) Scrubber SO2 < 40 1 Reactors of all Products 11 & 0.2 followed by two stage Alkali HCl < 20 Scrubber (B & C)

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Table 2.19: Details of Scrubbing System Size of Capacity of Pump Sr. Scrubbing Scrubber, meter Scrubbing Capacity Output No. Media (Ht. & Dia.) Tank, KL m3/Hr HCl Soln (30%) sell to A 3.0 X 0.3 Water 2 0.5 authorized end-users OR Send to ETP for Treatment B 3.0 X 0.3 Alkali 2 0.5 Effluent to ETP C 3.0 X 0.3 Alkali 2 0.5

Figure 2.7: Schematic Diagram of proposed APCM

Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Vent to A B C Atmosphere

SMF

Process Gas HCl & SO2

Water Alkali Alkali Circulation Circulation Circulation Tank Tank Tank

HCl Soln (30%) sell to Effluent to ETP authorized end-users OR Send to ETP for Treatment Circulation Pump ID Fan

2.11.2.3 Fugitive Emission There will be a chance of fugitive emission from the proposed manufacturing process as well as due to storage & handling of raw materials and product. The unit will take adequate precaution for the control of fugitive emission from proposed project, which

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2.11.3 Hazardous Waste The main sources of hazardous waste generation from proposed unit will be dried sludge from ETP and salt from MEE and various wastes viz. Spent catalyst, Spent Carbon, Distillation Residue, Spent / Mix Solvent and Spent HCl (30%) from manufacturing process. The ancillary source of hazardous waste generation will be discarded bags/drums from storage and handling of raw materials and spent/used oil generation from plant & machinery. The details of hazardous waste generation and handling & Management are given in Table 2.20.

Table 2.20: Details of Hazardous Waste Generation and its Management Quantity Type of waste Source Category Method of Disposal per Annum

ETP Sludge ETP 60 MT Sch-I Collection, Storage, 35.3 MEE Salt MEE 780 MT Transportation, Disposal by land filling at TSDF Process waste Mfg. of Prod. Sch-I 16.5 MT (Inorganic) C1 29.1 Mfg. of Sch-I Spent Carbon various 32.5 MT Collection, Storage, 29.1 Products Transportation and Disposal co- Mfg. of processing OR disposal by Distillation Sch-I various 37 MT incineration at CHWIF Residue 36.2 Products Spent Catalyst (2.5% Pd on Mfg. of Collection, Storage, Sch-I Carbon & 5% Products A1, 8 MT Decontamination and send back 29.5 Ruthenium on C1 & C2 to manufacturer for reactivation Carbon) Mfg. of Collection, Storage and various In-house recovery by distillation Spent / Mix Sch-I Products 907 MT OR send for off-site distillation Solvent 29.4 & ETP OR send to GPCB authorized Stripper end-users Collection, Storage and sell to Spent Bleed liquor GPCB authorized end-users Sch-II Hydrochloric from 356 KL having permission under Rule 9 B15 Acid (30%) Scrubber OR send to ETP for further treatment. Raw Material Collection, Storage, Discarded Drums Sch-I Storage & 5 MT Decontamination and Disposal / Bags 33.1 Handling by selling to scrap dealers

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Quantity Type of waste Source Category Method of Disposal per Annum Collection, Storage, Transportation, sell to registered Spent Oil / Plant and Sch-I 0.5 Re-processor / MoEF&CC Used Oil Machineries 5.1 KL approved recyclers OR Reuse as Lubricant within premises

The unit will develop appropriate procedure for handling of hazardous waste as described below; Unit will provide dedicated area of 72 m2 for hazardous waste storage within premises having impervious flooring, roof cover and leachate collection facility. ETP Sludge & MEE salt and inorganic process waste generated will be collected in HDPE bags/drums after complete sun drying and the bags are sealed or tightly closed. The tightly closed HDPE bags/drums will be labeled as “ETP Sludge / Hazardous waste” and transferred through trolley to the respective storage area. Organic waste i.e spent carbon and distillation residue etc. to be generated will be collected in drums. The tightly closed drums will be labeled as “Organic Hazardous Waste” and then transferred to the respective storage area with the help of trolleys. Suitable PPE are provided to all the workers handling the hazardous waste.

The hazardous waste other than discarded containers will be disposed of through the GPCB approved TSDF / CHWIF sites. Unit will explore possibilities for disposal of organic hazardous waste for Co- processing by cement industries. The collected different types of hazardous wastes will be disposed of at CHWIF / TSDF / Co-processing regularly according to their hazardous characteristics.

Discarded containers will be sold to scrap vendors after decontamination. The unit will develop proper procedure for decontamination of discarded container. Dedicated area will be allocated near ETP for the decontamination having impervious flooring, suitable drainage line and three side covered wall. Adequate facility with pressure pump and treated effluent line will also be established for proper washing and decontamination.

The methodology for decontamination of discarded containers is described as below; The empty containers will be sent to decontamination area after ensuring that it will be completely empty and the lids will be tightly closed.

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Treated wastewater of the ETP will be used to clean the containers. 20 to 30 liters of treated wastewater will be charged in the containers and lid will be closed properly. Containers will be rolled on the ground for 2 to 3 minutes and then emptied. The procedure will be repeated for 3 times. The wastewater generated from cleaning will be sent to collection cum equalization tank of the proposed Effluent Treatment Plant. The second wash will be carried out by 10% solution of either acid or alkali and then final wash will be carried out with treated water. When raw material containing barrel will be emptied out, the maximum possible material will be drained / pumped out, however about 1-2 % of the material remains stuck to the inside surface of the barrel. It will be flushed out with about 8-10 kgs of the appropriate solvent. The flushed solvent containing material will then be charged in to the respective manufacturing process. This way the cleaned barrels generated will be subsequently forwarded to the supplier for packing the fresh raw material supplies or can be used for packing of the finished products. The washed containers will be labeled as “DECONTAMINATED” and it will be transferred to its storage area. The unit will also keep record of empty container generation and disposal.

2.11.3.1. Details of other wastes & management There will be generation of flyash @ 50 kg/day from burning of biofuel (agrowaste) &/or coal. Flyash will be disposed off as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009 by back filling in low lying areas or will be sold to manufacturers of building materials / products like bricks, blocks, tiles and pre-cast etc. or sold to cement manufacturers.

2.11.4 Noise The only source of noise generation may be from the DG Set, which will be kept as stand-by and no other source of noise and vibration in the proposed unit except plant machineries. The adequate precautions taken for abatement of noise pollution are elaborated in Section 4.5.5 (B) of Chapter 4 of this report.

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2.12 PLAN FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING Unit will construct rain water harvesting structure for collection of rain water during monsoon season and reuse the same for industrial activities. Being an insecticide manufacturing unit, it will not be feasible to recharge ground water within the premise. However, unit will explore opportunity to construct RWH for recharge of ground water as a part of CER activities in consultation with local government and gram panchayat in nearby village.

2.13 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 2.13.1. Product Approval Unit will require approval from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Icaridin, Permethrin, Flumethrin and Amitraz products considering their application even though they are categorized as insecticides.

2.13.2. Permissions under Environmental Statues The proposed project is for manufacturing of insecticide and covered under category 5(b)-A of EIA Notification of MoEF&CC. It requires obtaining EC from MoEF&CC, CTE/NOC & CTO/CCA from GPCB. The unit will comply with all necessary legal / legislative requirements.

2.13.3. Industry Specific Standards The MoEF&CC has notified general standard for process gas emission and effluent discharge standards vide GSR 446(E) dated 13/06/2011. As specified in the notification, unit will comply with the norms of stack emission for HCl gas (20 mg/Nm3) from manufacturing process. Since unit will maintain zero liquid discharge, norms for effluent discharge will not be applicable. Also, emission standard for incinerator will not be applicable to the proposed project since there will be no in-house incinerator.

2.13.4. License from PESO for storage of hazardous chemicals Unit will require license from Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization (PESO) for the storage of Hydrogen gas and various solvents. Unit will obtain license from PESO before commissioning of the proposed project. Classification of chemicals requiring PESO license is given in Chapter 7, Section 7.3.1.

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2.13.5. Applicability of MAH Unit under MSIHC Rules, 1989 Various raw materials having hazardous characteristics will be required for manufacturing of proposed products. As per the details provided in Annexure 6 storage of any hazardous chemicals will not exceed the threshold quantity specified in Schdeul- 3 of Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 and hence the unit will not be covered in the category of Major Accident Hazard (MAH) unit as per MSIHC Rules

2.14 SUMMARY The proposed project will be set up in Kadi taluka of Mehsana district, where all basic infrastructural facilities are available including water supply and power supply. The unit has proposed to manufacture various insecticides for veterinary animal health and household use with production capacity of 757.2 TPA. Raw materials will be available from the nearby developed industrial area / estates of Chhatral, Kalol, Mehsana & Ahmedabad. The unit proposes to send primary treated high concentrated effluent to common spray drying facility of Chhatral Enviro Management Systems Pvt. Ltd. till the effluent quantity reaches 15 KLD. As the project advances and effluent quantities increase beyond 15 KLD, it will be treated in in-house MEE and re-using entire quantity of treated effluent and maintain Zero Liquid Discharge. Low concentrated effluent will be treated in ETP followed by RO. Permeate from RO will be re-used for cooling makeup and APCE. Biofuel (Agrowate) &/Or Coal will be utilized for steam boiler (2 TPH) and Thermic Fluid Heater (1 Lac Kcal/hr). Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be provided to steam boiler and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid Heater. Adequate stack height will be provided to steam boiler and thermic fluid heater for proper dispersion of gaseous pollutants into atmosphere. DG set (500 kVA) will be kept standby as power source. Anticipated process gas generation of HCl and SO2 will be controlled through water followed by two stage alkali scrubbers. Hazardous and solid wastes anticipated to be generated from the production activities will be handled as per H&OW (M&TM) Rules, 2016. Unit will obtain membership of GPCB authorized common environmental infrastructure (TSDF / CHWIF) for the disposal of hazardous waste.

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CHAPTER 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

Existing Environmental condition of the study area (area of influence around the project site) in general, and within the project site has been described in this chapter. 3.1 PROLOGUE The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. Knowledge of baseline environmental status of the study area is useful tool for impact assessment; process of assessing and predicting the environmental consequences of the significant actions. This depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effect on the physical condition of the biota including flora, fauna and human being, socio-economic conditions, current use of land and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and biophysical surroundings.

The baseline environmental quality was assessed for the following environmental attributes. Seismology Land use pattern Meteorology & Micrometeorology Air Quality Surface and Ground water Soil Quality Noise Level Ecology Socio-economic

3.2 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY OF BASELINE STUDY The baseline environmental study for the EIA of proposed project of Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. has been conducted as per the guidelines of MoEF&CC. To accomplish the purpose of the environmental assessment, preferred study area nearby to the project site has been examined for generation and collection of baseline data for valued environmental components as per the approved ToR by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi (Refer copy of ToRs and its compliance provided at the beginning of the EIA report).

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Hence, a general methodology described in below flowchart, was adopted to obtain baseline data of representative of existing environment.

3.2.1 Study Area &Impact Zone Distribution The area falling within 10 km radial distance from one of the projects located nearby to the proposed project site was selected for monitoring the baseline environment quality. The project site is located in the Kadi Taluka of Mehsana district and surrounded by agricultural land and open scrub land. The nearest human settlement from the site is Bileshwarpura Village located at distance of 2.2 km from the project site in SE direction. There is no national park, sanctuaries and ecologically sensitive area within the selected impact area. Details of environmentally sensitive receptors are given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Environmentally sensitive receptors 1. National Park / : There is no protected area notified under the Wild Wildlife Sanctuary Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco - sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment 2. Reserved / Protected : (Protection) Act – 1986 within 10 Km radius areas Forest from the Plant Site.

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3. Lakes / Reservoir / : Narmada Canal: 7.19 km, South Dams / Canals / Pond of Chhatral Village: 4.1 km, SE Ponds Pond of Budasana Village: 5.6 km, WSW 4. Stream / River / : No major River within 1 km radius from project site Drains 5. Historical : None within 5 km radius from project site monuments 6. Densely populated or : Rajpur village: 2.4 km, NW built up area Indrad village: 2.4 km, SW Dhanot village: 2.3 km, South Bileshwarpura village: 2.2 km, SE Chadasna village: 3.1 km, East

There is one notified industrial estate of GIDC Chhatral located within the study area at about 2.8 km in SE, comprising of about 100 units of various engineering and chemical manufacturing industries. Apart from this industrial estate many other industries are also exists within study area. List of major industries located within the study area are given in Table 3.2.

Table 3.2: List of Major Industries within the study area Sr. Name of Industry Type of Industry No. 1. Sonu Industries Manufacturer of BOPP Self Adhesive Plain & Printed Tapes 2. Purnima Enterprise Chemical Manufacturing Unit 3. Anju Dye Chem Dyes Manufacturing Unit 4. Bright Resin Pvt. Ltd. Resin Manufacturing Unit

5. Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt Common Spray Drying facility Ltd. More than 100 units of Engineering, 6. Notified Industrial Estate of GIDC, Chhatral Formulations, Chemical manufacturing etc.

Deciding whether a proposed action is likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects is central to the concept and practice of EIA. Before proceeding for baseline data generation, it is important to know the boundary limits and framework, so that the data generated can be effectively utilized for impact assessment. In this context, delineation of an impact zone plays an important role. Generally, the impact zone for industrial actions is classified into three parts; Core Zone, Buffer Zone and Unaffected Zone, as illustrated below and also shown in Figure 3.1. The area of impact zone invariably changes from project to project and depends on the nature and magnitude of the project activities.

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5 Core Zone (Host and Proximate Area where the proposed activities are to be commenced): This area is the closest to the activity where the background quality of environmental and human health is always at high risk. This involves risks due to steady state, transient and accidental release of hazardous chemicals, release and dispersion of gaseous pollutants from stack, propagation of noise, increased traffic congestion and social stress.

Based on the modeling and analysis the maximum ground level concentration of air pollutants due to stack emission and maximum threat due to accidental release of hazardous chemicals will occur within 500 to 1 km. Considering these aspects, immediate vicinity of the plant that is around 1 km radius is taken as factual core zone.

5 Buffer zone (Moderately affected area): Being a little away from the activity, the discharge pollutants need time lag to be transported to this area and gets attenuated/diluted to a considerable extent. However, the associated risk shall be real during brake-down, failure or upset conditions, and simultaneously with adverse meteorological and hydrological factors. Also, covering varied land cover around the project site, which could be affected from proposed project, is considered as factual buffer zone at a distance from 1 km to 5 km around the project site.

5 Unaffected Zone: This area shall be at a minimum risk of serious damage to life, health and property. Here the impact becomes small enough to become imperceptible and/or inconsequent and/or insignificant and normal life activities shall prevail without any disturbances due to the activity. Distance away from the 5 km to 10 km to the buffer zone is the factually unaffected zone in this case.

While generating the baseline status of physical and biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact zone has been considered. The Impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening. For environmental attribute, several primary and secondary data has been collected and used for the assessment of impacts.

3.2.2 Study Period The baseline environmental quality is assessed in the Winter season during October 2018 to December 2018 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from one of the

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3.2.3 Sampling Locations The sampling locations were selected on the basis of surface influence, demographic influence and meteorological influence. Ambient air quality monitoring, noise monitoring and soil sampling were carried out at eight locations and water sampling was carried out at 10 locations. Meteorological data of the study area were collected by setting-up the weather station at one of the projects located near to the project site. Details of monitoring locations are given below in Table 3.3. Map of study area showing sampling & monitoring locations are illustrated below in Figure 3.1. Photographs showing baseline monitoring are given Annexure 11.

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Figure 3.1: Map of Study Area showing Impact Zone Distribution and Sampling & Monitoring Locations

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Table 3.3: Sampling & Monitoring Locations

Approx. Aerial Name of Village / Bearing w. r. t Env. Attributes Type of Distance from Location Project Site Monitored * Area Code project site (m) Location 154°/SSE/ A, N, S, GW, S1 Near Project Site 832 Industrial Crosswind MET 242°/WSW/ S2 Budasan Village 5,928 A, N, S, GW, SW Residential Downwind 232°/SW/ S3 Indrad Village 2,251 A, N, S, GW Residential Downwind 165°/SSE/ S4 Dhanot Village 1,623 A, N, S, GW Residential Crosswind 71°/ENE/ S5 Jhulasan Village 5,567 A, N, S, GW Residential Upwind Ambavpura 102°/ESE/ S6 3,785 A, N, S, GW Residential Village Upwind Chadasana 114°/ESE/ S7 925 A, N, S, GW Residential Village Upwind Bileshwarpura 132°/SE/ S8 2,265 A, N, S, GW Residential Village Crosswind S9 Chhatral Village 145°/SE 4,150 SW Residential

S10 Narmada Canal 187°/S 6,909 SW Residential

*A-Ambient Air, GW-Ground water, SW-Surface water, S-Soil, N-Noise

3.2.4 Frequency of Monitoring The frequency of environmental monitoring considered for EIA study was in line with the ToR approved by MoEF&CC. Technical EIA guidance manual published by MoEF&CC and other guidelines provided by CPCB from time to time were also taken into consideration while deciding the same. Frequency & Methodology of environmental monitoring for various attributes considered for the study are illustrated in Table 3.4.

Table 3.4: Frequency & Methodology of Environmental Monitoring Monitoring Source Frequency of Sampling Method Analysis Attributes / Location Monitoring / Instrument Method A. Air Environment Meteorological “Climatological Once -- Computer Data Normals 1981- Aided Data 2010” issued by Analysis The Additional Director General of Meteorology, IMD, Pune Site Specific At Project site Continuous Micro controller Computer Micro- monitoring with based Automatic Aided Data Meteorological hourly data Weather station Analysis Data recording with data logger

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Monitoring Source Frequency of Sampling Method Analysis Attributes / Location Monitoring / Instrument Method throughout the study period Ambient Air 8 Locations 24 hourly twice a As per Annexure 12 Quality week throughout the study period B. Noise 8 Locations Once, 24 hourly As per Annexure 12 C. Water Ground Water Grab samples Once As per Annexure 12 from 8 locations Surface Water Grab sample from 8 locations D. Soil Quality 8 locations Once As per Annexure 12 E. Land Use - Satellite Image: Once Arc GIS software and Computer Land Cover (Landsat ETM + Aided Data Analysis with field Thermal MSS) survey for ground checks and ground truth verification F. Ecological Data through Once Field survey Computer Data primary survey & Aided Data verification with Compilation secondary data G. Socio- Primary survey & Once Compilation of data from Census of economic data from Census India-2011and Computer Aided Data of India-2011 Data Analysis with field survey

3.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT The baseline study was conducted during study period of October 2018 to December 2018 for one of the projects located nearby to the proposed project site as mentioned above. The detailed scope given in the approved TORs were referred for baseline data generation and the study were conducted to comply with all requirements of approved TORs. The study was carried out to determine the prevailing status of topography, land use, meteorology, ambient air, water quality, soil quality, noise data, ecology and socio- economic environment. The sampling, monitoring and analysis related to ambient air, water, soil and noise during the baseline study were carried out by NABL approved laboratory of Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad. The details regarding the outcomes of the baseline study are described in subsequent sections under respective heading.

3.3.1 Topography & Geology The area forms part of North Gujarat Alluvial Plain with elevations ranging from 40 to 50 m MSL. The area is under lain by post Miocene alluvium comprising sand, gravel, silt and clay. The alluvium is about 400 m thick under lain by tertiary formation. The alluvium mainly consists of palaeo deltaic, fluvial and Aeolian sediments, comprising

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3.3.2 Seismology The study area falls in Zone III as per IS 1893 (Part-I):2002, which is referred as Moderate Damage Risk Zone. The area is liable to earthquakes of Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale VII. The chart showing the seismic zoning map of state Gujarat is given in Figure 3.2.

Figure 3.2: Seismic zone mapping of Gujarat state

3.3.3 Land Use Pattern The study of land use in its spatial context is essential to understand the area of optimum land use and degraded areas; the comprehensive study of land use is of immense value to ensure better returns from the land to meet future requirements.

The satellite image/data has been processed using ERDAS Imagine software supported with ground checks and ground truth verification by experts. Area and

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distance calculations have been carried out using GIS software after geo-referencing the interpreted data with the help of topographical maps. Satellite image of the study area is given in Figure 3.3 and Land use / Land cover map of study area is given in Figure 3.4. Toposheet of the study area is given in Annexure 14.

Classification of land use / land cover is given in Table 3.5. Data illustrate that 77.23% of total land area is occupied by agricultural land. As the soil is mainly sandy clay loam in nature, it facilitates cultivation of various crops like Rai, Tuvar, Chana, Kapas, Dangar, Juwar, Makai, Gehu etc.

Out of total study area, land area of 9.27% is covered as a built-up land, of which land cover of 4.21% is for industrial purposes and 5.08% is for human settlement and. Scrub land covers 6.03%, Open vegetation and plantation covers 5.97% & 4.63% and water body covers 1.48%.

Table 3.5: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

Sr. Area % of Land use No. (Ha.) Area Built-up Land 1 Industry 1,322.00 4.21 Habitation 1,595.00 5.08 Sub Total 2,917.00 9.29 Agriculture Land Agricultural 22,817.00 72.60 2 Plantation 1,454.00 4.63 Sub Total 24,271.00 77.23 Waste Land Land without scrub 941.00 2.99 3 Scrub Land 955.00 3.04 Sub Total 1,896.00 6.03 Water body Canal 253.00 0.81 4 Water Body 214.00 0.67 Sub Total 467.00 1.48 5 Others Open Vegetation 1,877.57 5.97 Total 31,428.57 100.00

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Figure 3.3: Satellite Image of the Study Area

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Figure 3.4: Land use / Land Cover Map of the Study Area

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3.3.4 Meteorology Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere and is important tool in studying environmental phenomena like pollutant dispersion. When the EIA study is planned for any project meteorological data are very important and shall be collected through the entire period of the baseline study. Typically for EIA, micrometeorological data is required to collect as these data are essential to formulate the pollutant dispersion models. Besides, it also helps in understanding the current trend in climatologically variable as well as prevailing ambient air quality issues and forecasting. Details of the various meteorological parameters analyzed during the study with their importance in EIA are presented in subsequent Table 3.6. Information about these parameters is taken from “Climatological Normals 1981-2010” issued by The Additional Director General of Meteorology, IMD, Pune.

The climate of the district is characterized by a hot summer and general dryness except during the monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season is from December to February followed by summer season from March to June, southwest monsoon season from June to September and post monsoon season during October and November.

Table 3.6: Meteorological Parameters Sr. Parameters Measurement Method Importance No Digital Sensor capable Temperature affect the plum rise & it of giving electrical increase the effective height of release and signals e.g. thereby increase dispersion and thus Surface 1. thermocouples, decreases the maximum ground level Temperature resistance concentration of the pollutants. thermometers or It also influences stability conditions and thermistors. extent of dispersion of pollutants. Moisture provides surface area for suspended particulate matter to coalesce and grow in the size and settle under the Digital Sensor capable Relative influence of gravity. It also enhances the 2. of giving electrical Humidity chemical reactions of the gaseous pollutant. signals e.g. hydrometer. High humidity is associated with; Lowered visibility for water vapour plumes Possible acid mist formation 3 cup anemometer with 3. Wind Speed Determines initial dispersion of air pollution reed switch/magnet Wind vane with Wind 4. magnetic hall effect Determines downward geometry Direction sensor Tipping Bucket sensor Rainwater scrubs the atmospheric pollutants 5. Rainfall with magnet & reed and pollutes surface and groundwater.

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Sr. Parameters Measurement Method Importance No switch Passive Cloud Cover 6. Cloud Cover Detector – PCCD It influences stability conditions and determines the dispersion &/or dilution rate of 7. Solar Pyranometer type pollutant. Radiation sensor Determined from Determines plume spread associated with Atmospheric surface observations on turbulent motions in the atmosphere 8. Stability wind speed, cloud Condition cover and solar radiations

3.3.4.1 Temperature Winter season comprises October to January months. Mean daily maximum temperature during summer remains 41°C while mean daily minimum temperatures remains 26°C. The heat in summer is intense and on individual days the maximum temperature reaches upto 47°C. Temperature remains normal during monsoon and post monsoon. January is the coldest month with the mean daily temperature at 28°C and the mean daily minimum at about 11°C.

3.3.4.2 Humidity During the monsoon season, the relative humidity is high being generally above 70%. The air is generally dry during the rest of the year, the direct part being the summer season when the relative humidity is less than 30%.

3.3.4.3 Cloudiness During the southwest monsoon months, the skies are usually heavily clouded or overcast. Cloudiness decreases during the post monsoon months. In the rest of the year the skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded.

3.3.4.4 Wind Speed and Wind Direction Winds are in general light with some increase in force during the late summer and early monsoon months. Wind blow mostly from the southwesterly and westerly directions during the period April to September. The winds are light and variable in direction during October, the easterlies and northeasterlies being more common in the mornings and the westerlies and northwesterlies occasionally in the afternoons. During the period of November to March, while the morning winds are mostly between north and east. The afternoon winds are generally from directions between west and north.

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3.3.4.5 Rainfall The average annual rainfall observed in the district was between 301 mm to 900 mm in most of the years. On an average there are 29 rainy days with rainfall of 2.5 mm or more in a year. The heaviest rainfall recorded in the district was 369.6 mm.

3.3.4.6 Mixing Height Data of atmospheric inversion level for project area is not available, however the mixing height data available for the nearest observatory of Ahmedabad (Gujarat) has been taken from IMD publication, which are summarised below; Mixing Mixing Mixing Mixing Hours Hours Hours Hours height (m) height (m) height (m) height (m) 1 0 7 10 13 1125 19 600 2 0 8 30 14 1325 20 0 3 0 9 125 15 1440 21 0 4 0 10 310 16 1460 22 0 5 0 11 540 17 1360 23 0 6 0 12 825 18 1020 24 0 Source: Atlas of Hourly Mixing height & assimilative capacity of atmosphere in India published by IMD, New Delhi

3.3.5 Micrometeorology The site-specific micrometeorological data has been collected continuously during the study period by installing automatic weather station near project site.

The parameters for which data has been collected are temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, solar radiation and barometric pressure. Site specific micrometeorological data collected during study period is given in the following table. Wind rose diagram is shown as Figure 3.5.

Temperature °C Relative Humidity (%) Wind Speed (m/sec) Wind Month Blowing Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg From Oct '18 17.5 36.0 27.8 14.0 69.0 37.2 0.0 9.1 4.0 E Nov '18 15.5 33.6 24.3 14.0 60.0 32.7 0.0 9.0 4.1 E Dec '18 7.7 29.1 18.7 10.0 68.0 33.5 0.0 9.1 4.2 ENE

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Figure 3.5: Wind Rose Diagram

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3.3.6 Ambient Air Quality Government of India and concern authorities have consistently ranked air pollution as a major environmental concern. The state of our air is an important factor in the quality of life. It affects the health of the community and directly influences the sustainability of our lifestyles and production methods. The Government seeks to protect and improve urban air quality through national action to reduce emissions of major air pollutants. The Government department's focus is on those sectors that make the greatest contributions to adverse air quality as well as those pollutants that continue to pose threats to the environment and human health. National action can relate to the implementation of relevant national standards and strategies and a common approach to monitor air quality, research to inform air quality policy and community education on air quality issues. National policies and programs relate principally to the reduction of emissions mainly from two sectors: Transport & Industry

Recently, Government has also put forwards some findings regarding the critical issues of air quality & critical level of pollution in many part of India. Further, Government through its concern department is continuously trying to improve the environmental quality of the Indian regions. The findings have also noted that the issues of contamination of air have been arising in the region experiencing more industrial development. Hence, while studying the probable impacts of any industrial project, establishment of state of air quality in project area has become very important aspect of EIA study.

With such purpose, ambient air quality monitoring was conducted for the EIA study at 8 locations as given in Table 3.7. Ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected considering pre dominant wind direction and historical wind data of the region i.e. 2 in downwind direction, 3 in upwind direction and two in cross wind direction from project site. AAQ monitoring was carried out for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO and VOC. Methodology adopted for conducting sampling and analysis is given in Annexure 12. Raw data of AAQ monitoring during the entire study period are given in Annexure 13.

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Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Bearing Name of Co-ordinates Approx. Aerial Location w.r.t Village / Distance from Code project Location Latitude Longitude project site, m site Near Project 1 23°18'13.27"N 72°25'38.61"E SSE 832 Site 2 Budasan 23°17'8.92"N 72°22'20.72"E WSW 5,928 3 Indrad 23°17'52.59"N 72°24'23.55"E SW 2,251 4 Dhanot 23°17'46.77"N 72°25'40.75"E SSE 1,623 5 Julasan 23°19'36.54"N 72°28'31.20"E ENE 5,567 6 Ambavpura 23°18'11.63"N 72°27'36.02"E ESE 3,785 7 Chadasana 23°18'25.64"N 72°25'55.64"E ESE 925 8 Bileshwarpura 23°17'48.60"N 72°26'25.21"E SE 2,265 All monitoring stations are of the category “Industrial, Residential, Rural & Other Area” as per NAAQs (National Ambient Air Quality Standards as published by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide G.S.R. 826 (E), dated 16/11/2009.)

Summary of ambient air quality monitoring results is given in Figure 3.6 to Figure 3.10 as follows.

Figure 3.6: Status of PM10 concentration in ambient air

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Figure 3.7 Status of PM2.5 concentrations in ambient air

Figure 3.8: Status of SO2 concentration in ambient air

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Figure 3.9: Status of NO2 concentration in ambient air

Figure 3.10: Status of CO concentration in ambient air

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Interpretation: It is observed from the above graphs that baseline concentration of

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 & CO in the ambient air were within the norms specified for NAAQs at all the monitoring locations. Concentration of HCl was below detection limit at all the locations.

3.3.7 Hydrology The importance of water can’t be overstated when it comes to life on Earth. Over 70% of the Earth is covered in water and without water there simply is no life. With increasing industrialization & modernization in lifestyle, issue of water crisis either quality &/or quantity of water is being critical day by day. The main source of such crisis is found to be the activities requiring huge quantity of freshwater and generating huge quantity of wastewater. Hence, while studying the probable impacts of industrial project, it is very important to determine the existing status of water quality & quantity. The water resource for such investigations can be groundwater or surface water or both depending upon the water specific planning of the proposed project.

The area is under lain by post Miocene alluvium comprising sand, gravel, silt and clay. The alluvium is about 400 m thick under lain by tertiary formation. The alluvium mainly consists of palaeo deltaic, fluvial and Aeolian sediments, comprising alternate bands of fine to course grained sand, gravel and yellowish brownish sticky clay.

Ground water & Narmada water is the main source of water in the study area. Ground water is utilized for almost all uses in the area. Generally, every village has open wells and hand pumps to draw water for domestic uses. In addition to that, there are rain water storage ponds at each village of the study area, which are used by the villagers for irrigation, domestic applications other than drinking and also for cattle feeding.

There is no natural drainage passing through the project site as well there is no major river within 1 km radius from project site. Also, unit will achieve zero liquid Discharge hence, there will be no impact on the surface / ground water. Map of hydrology of the study area is enclosed as Annexure 25.

The hydrogeology investigation work carried out in the study area, reveals that the litho logical logs of exploratory bore holes, electrical logging results by govt. agencies in and around Kadi taluka have been studied to understand the subsurface geology and the aquifer system. These bore holes have penetrated the thick sequence of post Miocene

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sediments down to 300 + m depth. The hydro geological cross sections have been prepared by CGWB to study the subsurface geology and aquifer system in the area. It is reveals that the existence of multilayered aquifer system, within a depth of 300 + m bgl. In general three distances confined aquifer with thickness varies from 12 to 30 m can be identified. The aquifer lies between,

i. 45 to 90 m

ii. 100 to 180 m

iii. 180 to 260 m bgl, Separated by clays.

The district forms a part of Cambay basin and is occupied by quaternary alluvium comprising mainly of sand, gravel, silt clay and Kankar etc. The ONGC has established that the thickness of alluvium in the North Gujarat is about 700 m. However, as per the studies carried out by CGWB under UNDP Project the Miocene formations were encountered within 611 m at the deepest borehole drilled in the district at Sardhao. There is a sequence pf alternating layers of granular sandy and clayey horizons, the uppermost granular zone varies in thickness from 5 to 65 m. it is underlain by a thick clay bed followed by alternating sequence of arenaceous and argillaceous horizons.

The granular horizons occurring at various depths forms potential aquifers. The aquifer system of the district is described below. Aquifer System Geological survey of India during its studies had identified three confined aquifers within a depth of 600 m in the adjoining Mehsana district. These were designated as “A”, “B” and “C” aquifers. Subsequently, the studies carried out by CGWB under UNDP project, which also covered the northern part of Gandhinagar district, a multi-aquifer system was established. A total of 7 aquifers zones, each separated by aquiclude of varying thickness, were identified as “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, “E”, “F” and “G”. Of these first five i.e. “A to E” represents Quaternary alluvium, whereas, last two i.e. “F & G” represents Miocene sediments.

The thickness of quaternary alluvium is limited in the eastern part and all the aquifers are not developed in this part. Moreover, identification of different aquifers also becomes very difficult in the eastern part due to limited thickness of aquiclude. However, the aquifer system is well developed in the western part. The aquifers in the entire district are the southward and eastward extension of those identified in the UNDP

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Project area. The aquifer “A” in the district occurs as phreatic and semi-confined aquifer. The thickness varies from less than 25 m in the east to more than 80 m in the 9 western part.

Most of the dug wells and shallow tubewells tap this aquifer. However, over the years it has gone dry and at present occurs as saturated zone only in the vicinity of Sabarmati River and in the eastern parts of Dahegam & Gandhinagar Talukas. The aquifer “B” and “C” which occurs within a depth of about 225 m, are the most exploited aquifer in the district and most of the tubewells constructed tap these aquifers. Aquifer “D” is also being developed in some parts of the district particularly in Mansa and Kalol Talukas. The deeper aquifers, i.e., “E”, “F” and “G” are required to be properly explored and tested for future use. The depth of most prolific and most exploited aquifers in the district range from about 50 m to more than 300 m. The depth of tubewells gradually increases from east to west. The Dug-cum-bore wells and shallow tubewells (<100m) are feasible in the eastern part. However, in the western part only deep tubewells are feasible. The feasible depth of tube wells ranges from less than 100 m in the eastern part to more than 300 m in parts of Mansa Taluka. The tubewells tap all potential zones upto the depth constructed. The aquifers being tapped are “B and/or C” in major part of the district. However, aquifer “A” and “D” are also being developed either in isolation or in combination of other aquifers in the eastern and western parts respectively.

Groundwater table in the district ranges from 3.55 m to 34.35 m bgl during pre- monsoon season and from 1.10 m to 33.77 m bgl during post monsoon season.

In general, water environment is widely divided into two categories in terms of water sources: 1. Surface water: Rivers, Ponds, Drains, Canals etc. 2. Groundwater: Accumulation in deeper strata of ground

Total 11 water samples have been collected from nine locations, once during the study period. Out of these 8 Ground water sources and 3 Surface water sources were recorded. The details of sampling locations are given in Table 3.8. Methodology adopted for sampling and analysis are given in Annexure 12. The outcome of the study of water quality is given in Table 3.9.

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Table 3.8: Water Sampling Locations

Sr. Name of Village/ Sample Date of Description No. Location Code Sampling of Sample 1 Nr. Project Site GW1 15-Oct-18 Borewell 2 Budasan Village GW2 15-Oct-18 Borewell 3 Indrad Village GW3 15-Oct-18 Borewell 4 Dhanot Village GW4 15-Oct-18 Borewell 5 Julasan Village GW5 15-Oct-18 Borewell 6 Ambavpura Village GW6 15-Oct-18 Borewell 7 Chadasana Village GW7 15-Oct-18 Borewell Bileshwarpura 8 GW8 15-Oct-18 Borewell Village 9 Narmada Canal SW1 15-Oct-18 Lake Water 10 Chhatral Pond SW2 15-Oct-18 Lake Water 11 Budasana Pond SW3 15-Oct-18 Lake Water

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Table 3.9: Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water & Surface Water IS: 10500 standard limit Sr. Parameter Unit for drinking GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 SW1 SW2 SW3 No water (Permissible) Hazen Colourle Colourl Colourl Colourl Colourl Colourl Colourl Colourl Colourl 1 Colour -- 8.4 5.1 unit ss ess ess ess ess ess ess ess ess 2 pH -- 6.5-8.5 7.5 7.7 7.6 7.1 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.9 7.8 8.0 7.8 Odourle Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourl Odourle 3 Odour -- -- ss ess ess ess ess ess ess ess ess ess ss 4 Turbidity NTU 10 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 1.2 2.4 Total Dissolved 5 mg/lit 2000 912 939 997 781 905 826 831 993 351 1382 822 Solids 6 Total Hardness mg/lit 600 264 270 246 216 270 238 248 256 96 224 136 7 Calcium mg/lit -- 51.3 48.9 51.3 44.9 51.3 41.7 50.5 51.3 21.6 48.4 33 8 Magnesium mg/lit -- 33.1 36.0 28.7 25.3 34.6 32.6 29.7 31.2 10.2 24.9 13.1 9 Sodium mg/lit -- 240 230 250 210 230 200 220 240 80 320 220 10 Potassium mg/lit -- 11 12 14 8 10 7 10 12 6 16 14 11 Chloride mg/lit 1000 366 298.2 335 281 292 338 383.4 380.5 99.4 545 261 12 Sulphate mg/lit 400 62.8 41.0 44.1 45 66.6 48 65.9 69 19.7 92.2 40.3 Phenolic 13 mg/lit 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 Compound 14 Fluoride mg/lit 1.5 0.69 0.79 0.84 0.50 0.87 0.74 0.68 0.61 < 0.02 0.38 0.38 15 Mineral Oil mg/lit 0.03 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 1.0 0.8 Suspended 16 mg/lit -- < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 20 13 Solids Chemical 17 Oxygen mg/lit -- < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 < 4 44 24 Demand Biological 18 Oxygen mg/lit -- < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 10.4 < 5 demand

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IS: 10500 standard limit Sr. Parameter Unit for drinking GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 SW1 SW2 SW3 No water (Permissible) Ammonical 19 mg/lit -- < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Nitrogen 20 Alkalinity mg/lit 600 320 390 310 350 390 360 330 350 140 270 190 21 Copper mg/lit 1.5 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 22 Nitrate mg/lit 45 5.5 6.6 5.2 4.5 8.5 9.6 5.4 4.6 1.26 17.0 14.2 23 Cyanide mg/lit 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 24 Phosphate mg/lit -- < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 25 Iron mg/lit 1.0 0.27 0.23 0.13 0.19 0.22 0.23 0.21 0.25 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 26 Mercury mg/lit 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 27 Cadmium mg/lit 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 28 Arsenic mg/lit 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 29 Lead mg/lit 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 30 Chromium mg/lit 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 31 Total Coliform Nos. 10/100ml < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 700 800 Source: Sampling & Analysis carried out by NABL accredited laboratory of Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd.

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Following are the observations from the water analysis results: All the parameters of collected ground water and surface water samples were well within the permissible limits. All the heavy metals measured in all samples were below detection limit at all the locations. It is observed from the surface water analysis of the study area and compared with classes for designated use of fresh Water Standards, that samples of study area at all the villages are suitable for “E Class” i.e. Irrigation, industrial cooling & Controlled Waste Disposal.

3.3.8 Soil Quality Soil quality is the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality and support human health and habitation. Soil quality reflects how well a soil performs the functions of maintaining biodiversity and productivity, partitioning water and solute flow, filtering and buffering, nutrient cycling and providing support for plants and other structures. Thus, soil quality plays vital role in any particular geographical phenomenon of ecology as well as physico-chemical environment.

Soil quality can indicate the current as well as future issues related with the water, ecology and life in the particular region. Thus, it is clearly visible that soil contamination may result in eventuality in form of contamination of water, ecological destruction, loss of productivity, food crisis and so threat to life. The major source of contamination is liquid and solid wastes from industries as well as overuse of fertilizers & pesticide. Thus, to determine the exact impacts of any proposed project, it is very essential to determine the existing status of soil quality and existing stress through a study of soil quality assessment. Considering this, surface soil samples were collected from 8 locations of study area once in study period. Details of sampling locations are given in Table 3.10. Methodology adopted for sampling and analysis of soil quality is given in Annexure 12. The analysis data of soil samples is given in Table 3.11.

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Table 3.10: Soil Sampling Locations

Location Name of Village / Dates of Code Location Sampling

S1 Near Project Site 15-Oct-18

S2 Budasana 15-Oct-18

S3 Indrad 15-Oct-18

S4 Dhanot 15-Oct-18

S5 Julasan 15-Oct-18

S6 Ambavpura 15-Oct-18

S7 Chadasana 15-Oct-18

S8 Bileshwarpura 15-Oct-18

Table 3.11: Physico-Chemical Characteristic of Soil Sr. Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 No. pH (5% - 1 -- 8.0 7.7 8.0 8.0 8.2 7.8 7.6 8.3 Solution) Total 2 mg/Kg 680 480 660 620 540 760 440 760 Hardness 3 Calcium mg/Kg 200.4 96.2 176 160 152.3 216.4 120.2 232 Magnesium mg/Kg 43.9 58.5 53.6 53.6 39 53.6 34.1 44 5 Sodium mg/Kg 300 96 80 76 93 89 110 92 6 Potassium mg/Kg 49 58 49 65 69 60 42 61 Total 7 mg/Kg 240 160 240 200 220 240 140 240 Alkalinity 8 Chloride mg/Kg 135 78.1 92.3 99.4 120.7 99.4 113.6 113.6 Organic 9 % 0.63 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.79 0.91 0.76 0.74 Carbon Organic 10 % 1.09 1.9 1.37 1.17 1.36 1.56 1.31 1.27 matter Available 11 mg/Kg 224 239 201 313 310.8 263 221 126 Nitrogen Available 12 mg/Kg 4.16 9.5 8.14 10.6 10.7 11.0 8.4 9.2 Phosphorus 13 Boron mg/Kg < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 14 Cadmium mg/Kg < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 15 Chromium mg/Kg < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 16 Cobalt mg/Kg < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 17 Copper mg/Kg < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 18 Nickel mg/Kg < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 19 Zinc mg/Kg 6.1 7.3 3.7 5.5 5.8 6.9 8.5 6.5 20 Lead mg/Kg 3.0 3.6 3.1 4.1 4.3 5.1 2.7 9.1

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Sr. Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 No. 21 Bulk Density g/cm3 1.81 1.47 1.69 1.72 1.75 1.51 1.58 1.21 22 Texture ------23 Slit (%) % 20 26 25 26 28 27 28 27 24 Clay (%) % 24 32 29 28 31 28 27 21 25 Sand (%) % 56 42 46 46 41 52 45 52 Electrical μmho/ 26 681 178 180 219 224 208 187 262 Conductivity cm Cation mg/ 27 Exchange 29.9 31.9 31.7 32.7 33.5 28.8 27.6 31.5 100 gm Capacity Source: Sampling & Analysis carried out by NABL accredited laboratory of Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Following are the observations of the soil analysis results:

Soil type in the study area is Sandy Clay Loam in nature. pH of the soil quality ranged from 7.6 to 8.3 which indicates presence of free lime in the soil. The organic matter in the soil ranged from 1.09% to 1.56%. The result range signifies that the soil has been cropped heavily. The Electrical conductivity of the samples varied from 178 to 681 μmho/cm which indicates there is no salinity problem in the soil. The concentration of available Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium in the soil samples signifies that the soil of the area is moderately fertile.

3.3.9 Noise level For the environmental status appraisal, noise is a sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected or undesired. Such noise level is not only resulted because of industrial activities but can also result due to transportation activities, domestic activities, commercial activities, agricultural activities and entertainment activities of individuals or group etc. All noises are not harmful but sound that is too loud or loud sound over a long time is harmful. The hazardous noise can have many adverse effects on health like headache, nausea etc. It can even damage sensitive structures of the inner ear and cause noise-induced hearing loss. Considering these probabilities, our Government has enacted the standards for noise level based on certain specific region as well as based on time (Day & Night) through MoEF&CC.

Thus, for EIA study it is very necessary to study the prevailing noise level during the day & night time in the project area, as the noise from the proposed activities together

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with the existing noise level may result in many issues related with human health as well as social layout & quality. Considering this, the noise level monitoring at 8 selected locations on 24 hourly basis was conducted once during the study period. Details of sampling locations are given in Table 3.12. The outcomes of the study are presented in Table 3.13.

Table 3.12: Noise Level Sampling Locations

Location Name of Village Dates of Category of Code / Location Sampling Area

S1 Near Project Site 15-Oct-18 Industrial S2 Budasana 16-Oct-18 Residential S3 Indrad 16-Oct-18 Residential S4 Dhanot 17-Oct-18 Residential S5 Julasan 17-Oct-18 Residential S6 Ambavpura 18-Oct-18 Residential S7 Chadasana 18-Oct-18 Residential S8 Bileshwarpura 19-Oct-18 Residential

Table 3.13: Noise Level in Study Area Permissible Limit Noise Level (dBA) (dBA) Station Night Day Time Night Time Day Time Code Time Min. Max. Leq Min. Max. Leq Leq Leq S1 39 64 64 39 50 50 75 70 S2 40 55 55 40 44 44 55 45 S3 38 52 52 38 42 42 55 45 S4 40 54 54 40 44 44 55 45 S5 38 52 52 38 42 42 55 45 S6 40 54 54 40 44 44 55 45 S7 38 53 53 38 42 42 55 45 S8 40 55 55 40 43 43 55 45 Source: Sampling carried out by NABL accredited laboratory of Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. The monitored noise levels were compared with the standards prescribed by MoEFCC which indicates that the noise levels at all the locations were found well within the limit for day & night time.

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3.3.10 Traffic Survey Traffic study is important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing Road due to Proposed Project.

There is only one main junction nearby the proposed project i.e. M/S. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. Traffic counts were collected at two Directions (1) From A to B – (Up) Ahmedabad – Mehsana and (2) From B to A – (Down) Mehsana – Ahmedabad on 12/12/2018.

Details regarding the traffic survey are: Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals. Morning period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 8:00 to 12:00 hrs. Evening period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs. Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated in Table 3.14

Table 3.14: Traffic Study Direction -1 Direction 2 From A to B – (Up) From B to A – (Down) Ahmedabad – Mehsana Mehsana - Ahmedabad Type of Vehicles Timings of Survey (hrs.) Timings of Survey (hrs.) 12-12-2018 12-12-2018 8:00 to 12:00 16:00 to 20:00 8:00 to 12:00 16:00 to 20:00 Large Trailer 56 60 39 31 Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc) 130 112 90 96 Medium (Tractors, light 116 114 138 198 commercial vehicles etc) Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup 220 260 198 210 Van etc.) 3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 48 64 28 42 2 Wheeler (Scooter, 240 212 221 260 motorcycle, cycle etc)

Based on the above mentioned traffic study, hourly vehicular traffic has been calculated for given time period. Considering worst case scenario, average number of vehicles observed during 4 hours has been taken as hourly counts. Passenger Car Unit (PCU) has been calculated by applying PCU factor. Proposed load of trucks due to the movement of raw materials, fuel and products has been calculated. Design capacities of both the routes have been taken from the Indian Road Code. Assessment of proposed traffic load is described in Table 3.15.

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Table 3.15: Assessment of Proposed Traffic Load Direction -1 Direction 2 From A to B – (Up) From B to A – (Down) PCU Ahmedabad – Mehsana Mehsana - Ahmedabad factor as Equivalent Equivalent Type of Vehicles per Indian Avg. vehicle PCU Avg. vehicle PCU Road per Hr. (Passenger per Hr. (Passenger Code (Worst case) Car Unit per (Worst case) Car Unit per Hr.) Hr.) Large Trailer 58 261 35 157.5 4.5 Heavy (Bus, Truck, 121 363 93 279 3.0 etc) Medium (Tractors, light commercial 115 172.5 168 252 1.5 vehicles etc) Light (Car, Jeep, 240 240 204 204 1.0 Pickup Van etc.) 3 Wheeler 56 56 35 35 1.0 (Rickshaw) 2 Wheeler (Scooter, 226 113 240 120 0.5 motorcycle, cycle etc) Total PCU /Hr 1205.5 -- 1047.5 --

Particular Direction 1 Direction 2 Width of Road in m 6.0 6.0 Design PCU per Hr 2000 2000 Existing PCU per Hr. 1205.5 1047.5 Proposed Load, Trucks / Day 5 5 Proposed PCU per day 15 15 Total PCU per Hr after the proposed Expansion 1220.5 1062.5

From the above table, it can be concluded that even for considering the worst case; there will be minor increase in vehicular load due to the proposed project. However, the total traffic load even after the proposed project will be very low compare to the design capacity of roads. Adequate parking area for transport vehicle used for material movement will be provided within the plant premise.

3.3.11 Ecological Status Flora and fauna are important components of the environment. They are organized into natural communities with mutual dependencies among their members and show various responses and sensitivities to anthropogenic activities. The survey was carried out during study period to know the ecological status of the area with respect to. flora and fauna; the details of which is described below;

In the context of present study, where the time was a serious constraint for seasonal data collection on different ecological parameters, the focus was, therefore, on to

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use) collect data on current status of plants and animals as baseline information for future comparisons. Following methodology was adopted in order to collect scientific data.

Baseline information was collected through 1) review of literature, 2) consultation and 3) first hand data collection through field surveys.

Field Surveys In order to get the first hand information on the project and surrounding ecological status, field surveys were conducted. The field surveys were conducted to assess baseline status of flora and fauna between October – November – December 2018.

Sampling Strategy For assessment of flora and fauna, study team randomly sampled in 10.0 km radius of the project site. We collected the data on flora and fauna in each sample plot of 10X10 mtr quadrate. Total 30 quadrates were laid in the study area in order to rapidly study the fauna and flora of the region. No national park / Wildlife Sanctuary / Reserve Forest cover was found in 10 Km radius of the project area. A detailed survey report with the methodology and study is as given in the following section. The surrounding area particularly in the 10.0 Km periphery of the project unit area is dominated with irrigated agriculture farms, roads, canal, and villages etc. The details of some major landuses are described below.

3.3.11.1. Flora During the survey, a total of 59 plant species were noted in the study area; including 23 tree species, 18 shrubs and 18 crop plants. Most of the species are of common occurrence. Details of Flora are given in Table 3.16.

Table 3.16: List of Flora in the study area

No Botanical Name Local Name Family HERBS 1 Aloe vera Kunvar patha Lilaceae 2 Alysicarpus procumbens Samero Papilionaceae 3 Amaranthus gracilis Tandaljo Nyctaginaceae 4 Ammania Baccifera Lal agaio Lythraceae 5 Blumea mollis Chanchadmani Compositae 6 Boerhavia diffusa Satodi Nyctaginaceae 7 Brassica nigra Kali Rai Cruciferae 8 Cassia abrus Chimed Caesalpiniaceae

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No Botanical Name Local Name Family 9 Cassia tora Puwad Caesalpiniaceae 10 Cleome viscosa Pili tilwan Capparaceae 11 Clitoria biflora Garni Papilionaceae 12 Cressa cretica Rudravanti Convolvulaceae 13 Desmodium dichotomum Shal parni Papilionaceae 14 Dipteracanthus prostratus Kalighavani Acanthaceae 15 Emilia sonchifolia Hirankhani Compositae 16 Evolvulus alsinoides Kalishankhavali Convolvulaceae 17 Glinus lotoides Mitho okharad Molluginaceae 18 Justicia simplex Kalikariatu Acanthaceae SHRUBS 19 Agave americana Ketaki Agavaceae 20 Bougainvillea spectabilis Boganvel Nyctaginaceae 21 Calotropis procera Ankdo Asclepiadaceae 22 Capparis decidua Kerdo Capparaceae 23 Carica papaya Papaya Caricaceae 24 Cassia auriculata Awal Caesalpiniaceae 25 Cucumis callosus Kothimda Cucurbitaceae 26 Dioscorea hispida Bhoi kand Dioscoriaceae 27 Dolichos lablab Papadi Papilionaceae 28 Euphorbia nerifolia Thor Euphorbiaceae 29 Euphorbia nivulia Thor Euphorbiaceae 30 Hemidermus indicus Dudhvel Asclepiadaceae 31 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Jasud Malvaceae 32 Lawsonia cuspidata Mendi Lythraceae 33 Momordica dioca Kankodi Cacurbitaceae 34 Nerium indicum Karen Apocynaceae 35 Zizyphus mauritiana Bordi Rhamnaceae 36 Zizyphus nummularia Chanibor Rhamnaceae TREES 37 Acacia catechu Kher Fabiaceae 38 Acacia leucophloea Baval Fabiaceae 39 Acacia nilotica Desi Bawal Mimosaceae 40 Acacia senegal Kher Fabiaceae 41 Acacia tortilis Israili baval Fabiaceae 42 Azadirachta indica Limdo Meliaceae 43 Balanites aegyptica Ingoriya Balanitaceae 44 Butea monosperma Khakhro Fabiaceae 45 Cassia fistula Garmalo Fabiaceae 46 Eucalyptus globulus Nilgiri Myrtaceae 47 Ficus benghalensis Vad Moraceae 48 Ficus racemosa Umaro Moraceae 49 Ficus religiosa Piplo Moraceae 50 Mangifera indica Amba Ancardiaceae

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No Botanical Name Local Name Family 51 Moringa concanensis Sargavo Moringaceae 52 Moringa oleifera Jungli Sargavo Moringaceae 53 Peltophorum pterocarpum Tamra parni Fabiaceae 54 Pithecollobium dulce Goras Amli Mimosaceae 55 Pongamia pinnata Karanj Papilionaceae 56 Prosopis cineraria Khijdo Mimosaceae 57 Prosopis juliflora Gando Bawal Mimosaceae 58 Tamarindus indica Khati Amli Caesalpiniaceae 59 Terminalia catappa Badam Combretaceae

3.3.11.2. Fauna During the survey, a total of 71 species of fauna were noted in the study area; including 60 bird species & 11 mammals. Most of the species are of common occurrence. Details of fauna observed during study period are given in Table 3.17

Table 3.17: List of Fauna in the study area

BIRDS 1 Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis IV LC 2 Ashy-crowned Finch-lark Eremopterix grisea IV LC 3 Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea IV LC 4 Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus IV LC 5 Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus IV LC 6 Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus IV LC 7 Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus IV LC 8 Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa IV LC 9 Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala IV LC 10 Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros IV LC 11 Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium benghalense IV LC 12 Black winged stilt Himantopus himantopus IV LC 13 Blue rock pigeon Columba livia IV LC 14 Bluethroat Luscinia svecica svecica IV LC 15 Brahminy Starling Sturnus pagodarum IV LC 16 Cattle egret Bulbulcus ibis IV LC 17 Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos IV LC 18 Common babbler Turdoides caudatus IV LC 19 Common Crested Lark Galerida cristata IV LC 20 Common Iora Aegithina tiphia IV LC

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21 Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis IV LC 22 Common myna Acridotheres tristis IV LC 23 Common Swift Apus apus IV LC 24 Common tailor bird Orthotomus sutorius IV LC 25 Common Whitethroat Sylviacommunis IV LC Tephrodornis 26 Common Woodshrike IV LC pondicerianus 27 Coppersmith Barbet Megalaima haemacephala IV LC 28 Eurasian collared dove Streptopelia decaocto IV LC 29 Eurasian Stone-Curlew Burhinus oedicenemus IV LC 30 Franklin's Prinia Prinia hodgsonii IV LC 31 Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis IV LC 32 Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla IV LC 33 Green bee eater Merops orientalis IV LC 34 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus IV LC 35 Grey francolin Francolinus pondicerianus IV LC 36 House crow Corvus splendens V LC 37 House sparrow Passer domesticus IV LC 38 Indian Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus IV LC 39 Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus I LC 40 Indian pond heron Ardeola grayii IV LC 41 Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata IV LC 42 Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis IV LC 43 Indian silverbill Lonchura malabarica IV LC 44 Jungle babbler Turdoides striatus IV LC 45 Large Grey Babbler Turdoides malcolmi IV LC 46 Laughing dove Streptopelia senegalensis IV LC 47 Long tailed shrike Lanius schach IV LC 48 Oriental magpie robin Copsychus saularis IV LC 49 Purple sunbird Nectarinia asiatica IV LC 50 Red vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer IV LC 51 Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus IV LC 52 Rose ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri IV LC 53 Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus IV LC 54 Rufous-tailed Shrike Lanius isabellinus IV LC 55 Rufus tailed lark Ammomanes phoenicurus IV LC 56 Ruff (M) and Reeve (F) Philomachus pugnax IV LC 57 Small Pratincole Glareola lactea IV LC 58 Southern Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis IV LC

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59 Spotted Owlet Athene brama IV LC 60 White throated kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis IV LC MAMMALS 61 Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus III LC 62 Indian Jackal Canis aureus II LC 63 Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis IV LC 64 Wild Pig Sus scrofa III LC 65 Common mongoose Herpestes edwardsi II LC 66 Palm squirrel Funambulus pennanti IV LC 67 House rat Rattus rattus IV LC 68 Indan Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus IV LC 69 Hanuman langur Semnopithecus dussumieri II LC 70 Greater mouse-tailed bat Rhinopoma microphyllum V LC 71 Indian pipistrelle Pipistrellus mimus V LC Vu=Vulnerable, LC=Least Concerned Source: Primary data collected during study period

There are no rare, endemic or threatened species of fauna present in the study area. Most of the species are common throughout semi-arid landscape of the Gujarat. Except Indian Peafowl, no other Schedule-I species are reported in the study area. Conservation plan for Indian Peafowl is enclosed as Annexure 15.

3.3.12 Socioeconomic Structure The socio-economic parameters play an important role determining the impact of the proposed activity on the human population of the study area, directly or indirectly. Socio economic environment includes description of demography, population growth, density, literacy rate, work force, occupational structure, health, available basic amenities etc.

The study area comprises Kadi and Mehsana Taluka of Mehsana district and Kalol Taluka of Gandhinagar district. There are 63 villages within the study area of 10 km from the project site.

3.3.12.1. Population Structure

As per 2011 Census, total population of the study area is 4,34,276 out of which male population is 2,28,392 (52.6%) and female population is 2,05,884 (47.4%).

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Total number of households are 90,855 with average occupancy of 4.78 persons per household Total child (below 6 years of age) population is 52,177 (12%) Total SC population is 41,318 (9.5%), and ST population is 3,386 (0.8%) available in the study area Sex ratio (number of females per 1000 males) of total population was only 892 persons. Total geographical area of the study area of 1,72,826 hectors and total density of the study area is 251.27 person/sq.km. Tehsil and village wise demographic details are given in Table 3.18 and Figure 3.11

3.3.12.2. Literacy

According to census 2011, in the study area, overall literate population is 3,27,483 (75.4%) and illiterate population is 1,06,793 (24.6%) Out of total literates, male literates are 1,83,899 (56.2%) and female literates are 1,43,584 (43.8%) Out of total illiterates, male illiterates are 44,793 (41.7%) and female illiterates are 62,300 (58.3%). Tehsil and village wise literacy details are given in Table 3.19 and Figure 3.12.

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Table 3.18: Population Details

Total Population Child Town / Sr. No. Name TRU Household (Age 0-6 SC ST Village Total Male Female yrs) Taluka-Mehsana, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 1 509554 Navi Sedhavi Rural 382 1,929 1,023 906 252 240 - 2 509555 Juni Sedhavi Rural 362 1,647 859 788 219 95 - 3 509556 Hadvi Rural 160 780 415 365 94 94 - 4 509557 Vadasma Rural 1,336 6,522 3,400 3,122 789 497 - Sub-Total 2,240 10,878 5,697 5,181 1,354 926 - Taluka-Kadi, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 5 509616 Ganeshpura Rural 345 1,504 768 736 187 158 9 6 509617 Kaiyal Rural 894 4,352 2,396 1,956 533 255 - 7 509619 Tankiya Rural 259 1,342 692 650 196 241 - 8 509620 Karjisan Rural 661 2,971 1,535 1,436 327 120 - 9 509621 Dangarva Rural 1,129 5,355 2,797 2,558 583 487 2 10 509622 Anandpura Rural 255 1,180 610 570 127 79 37 11 509623 Nandasan Rural 2,605 13,440 6,972 6,468 1,895 1,163 7 12 509624 Mathasur Rural 578 2,766 1,409 1,357 350 433 22 13 509625 Bhatasan Rural 454 2,206 1,130 1,076 304 115 - 14 509632 Jasalpur Rural 562 2,411 1,228 1,183 276 175 3 15 509633 Kherpur Rural 351 1,704 862 842 171 227 - Lakshmipura 16 509634 Rural 358 1,658 855 803 174 - 3 (Nandasan) 17 509635 Chandarda Rural 419 2,210 1,146 1,064 345 - - 18 509636 Vadu Rural 828 3,909 2,032 1,877 461 324 - 19 509637 Narola Rural 485 2,527 1,323 1,204 336 48 - 20 509638 Ghumasan Rural 951 4,631 2,408 2,223 601 519 - 21 509639 Rajpur Rural 1,791 8,621 4,525 4,096 1,260 615 37 22 509640 Sarsav Rural 509 2,486 1,312 1,174 306 316 -

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Total Population Child Town / Sr. No. Name TRU Household (Age 0-6 SC ST Village Total Male Female yrs) 23 509641 Aldesan Rural 504 2,423 1,233 1,190 318 265 - 24 509654 Adudra Rural 634 3,071 1,600 1,471 396 503 2 Lakshmipura 25 509655 Rural 172 874 467 407 95 141 - (Andudra) 26 509656 Untva Rural 428 2,065 1,081 984 277 139 3 27 509657 Kundal (Part) Rural 1,984 9,395 5,020 4,375 1,118 700 216 28 509658 Irana Rural 717 3,562 1,863 1,699 482 535 - 29 509659 Jhulasan Rural 1,073 5,046 2,605 2,441 678 225 14 30 509660 Ambavpura Rural 276 1,309 682 627 169 180 - 31 509661 Chadasna Rural 394 2,097 1,077 1,020 305 79 - 32 509662 Indrad Rural 1,006 4,938 2,665 2,273 706 269 1 33 509663 Budasan Rural 762 3,249 1,730 1,519 451 242 62 34 509664 Nani Kadi (Part) Rural 601 2,923 1,481 1,442 386 450 - 35 509677 Rangpurda Rural 420 1,968 998 970 255 319 - 36 509678 Pirojpur Rural 230 1,191 617 574 149 246 - 37 509679 Karannagar Rural 1,436 6,794 3,489 3,305 829 367 128 38 509680 Ankhol Rural 389 1,891 1,020 871 225 3 - 39 509681 Achrasan Rural 390 2,079 1,034 1,045 343 262 - 40 509682 Lunasan Rural 516 2,522 1,292 1,230 333 486 - 41 509683 Vansol Rural 388 1,904 1,000 904 283 290 - 42 509684 Vamaj Rural 810 3,625 1,895 1,730 410 376 10 43 509685 Fuletra Rural 616 3,065 1,620 1,445 403 157 - 44 509686 Borisana Rural 610 3,092 1,640 1,452 459 296 10 45 802465 Kadi (M + OG) Urban 17,081 81,404 42,869 38,535 8,703 4,883 433 Sub-Total 44,871 2,15,760 1,12,978 1,02,782 26,205 16,688 999 Taluka-Kalol, District-Gandhinagar (Gujarat) 46 511139 Kantha Rural 637 2,989 1,554 1,435 345 102 - 47 511143 Mokhasan Rural 574 2,841 1,446 1,395 355 111 -

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Total Population Child Town / Sr. No. Name TRU Household (Age 0-6 SC ST Village Total Male Female yrs) 48 511144 Dingucha Rural 732 3,284 1,705 1,579 364 162 - 49 511145 Pansar Rural 1,874 8,438 4,467 3,971 930 1,061 93 50 511146 Bhadol Rural 225 1,076 576 500 128 28 - 51 511147 Isand Rural 817 3,881 2,057 1,824 509 419 4 52 511148 Vadavsvami Rural 245 1,186 597 589 155 111 1 53 511149 Bileshvarpura Rural 422 2,071 1,113 958 320 309 14 54 511150 Pratappura Rural 377 2,054 1,068 986 264 75 9 55 511151 Piyaj Rural 826 4,342 2,222 2,120 631 490 5 56 511155 Ramnagar Rural 384 2,038 1,058 980 211 134 - 57 511181 Dhamasna Rural 1,022 4,864 2,505 2,359 532 348 4 58 802474 Chhatral INA (INA) Urban 766 2,660 1,760 900 358 130 109 59 802475 Kalol (M + OG) Urban 28,241 1,34,426 70,995 63,431 15,446 18,459 1,872 60 802475 Dhanot (OG) Urban 273 1,299 684 615 192 98 9 61 802475 Ola (OG) Urban 394 1,976 1,023 953 282 207 - 62 802475 Borisana (OG) Urban 3,774 17,998 9,449 8,549 2,220 568 227 63 511183 Chhatral (CT) Urban 2,161 10,215 5,438 4,777 1,376 892 40 Sub-Total 43,744 2,07,638 1,09,717 97,921 24,618 23,704 2,387 Grand-Total 90,855 4,34,276 2,28,392 2,05,884 52,177 41,318 3,386 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, Gandhinagar & Mehsana district, state Gujarat

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Figure 3.11: Population Details

Figure 3.12: Literacy Details

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Table 3.19: Literacy Details

Town / Literate Illiterate Sr. No. Name TRU Village Total Male Female Total Male Female Taluka-Mehsana, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 1 509554 Navi Sedhavi Rural 1,403 805 598 526 218 308 2 509555 Juni Sedhavi Rural 1,190 678 512 457 181 276 3 509556 Hadvi Rural 565 321 244 215 94 121 4 509557 Vadasma Rural 4,851 2,726 2,125 1,671 674 997 Sub-Total 8,009 4,530 3,479 2,869 1,167 1,702 Taluka-Kadi, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 5 509616 Ganeshpura Rural 1,042 595 447 462 173 289 6 509617 Kaiyal Rural 3,010 1,837 1,173 1,342 559 783 7 509619 Tankiya Rural 869 507 362 473 185 288 8 509620 Karjisan Rural 2,196 1,258 938 775 277 498 9 509621 Dangarva Rural 3,964 2,244 1,720 1,391 553 838 10 509622 Anandpura Rural 937 524 413 243 86 157 11 509623 Nandasan Rural 9,876 5,393 4,483 3,564 1,579 1,985 12 509624 Mathasur Rural 2,053 1,169 884 713 240 473 13 509625 Bhatasan Rural 1,507 880 627 699 250 449 14 509632 Jasalpur Rural 1,662 970 692 749 258 491 15 509633 Kherpur Rural 1,281 700 581 423 162 261 Lakshmipura 16 509634 Rural 1,378 734 644 280 121 159 (Nandasan) 17 509635 Chandarda Rural 1,426 847 579 784 299 485 18 509636 Vadu Rural 2,946 1,673 1,273 963 359 604 19 509637 Narola Rural 1,766 1,029 737 761 294 467 20 509638 Ghumasan Rural 3,741 2,002 1,739 890 406 484 21 509639 Rajpur Rural 6,099 3,500 2,599 2,522 1,025 1,497 22 509640 Sarsav Rural 1,730 1,020 710 756 292 464 23 509641 Aldesan Rural 1,591 925 666 832 308 524

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Town / Literate Illiterate Sr. No. Name TRU Village Total Male Female Total Male Female 24 509654 Adudra Rural 2,063 1,203 860 1,008 397 611 Lakshmipura 25 509655 Rural 660 390 270 214 77 137 (Andudra) 26 509656 Untva Rural 1,487 840 647 578 241 337 27 509657 Kundal (Part) Rural 6,890 4,022 2,868 2,505 998 1,507 28 509658 Irana Rural 2,340 1,379 961 1,222 484 738 29 509659 Jhulasan Rural 3,371 1,967 1,404 1,675 638 1,037 30 509660 Ambavpura Rural 976 531 445 333 151 182 31 509661 Chadasna Rural 1,326 785 541 771 292 479 32 509662 Indrad Rural 3,440 2,086 1,354 1,498 579 919 33 509663 Budasan Rural 2,253 1,338 915 996 392 604 34 509664 Nani Kadi (Part) Rural 2,236 1,210 1,026 687 271 416 35 509677 Rangpurda Rural 1,322 753 569 646 245 401 36 509678 Pirojpur Rural 835 493 342 356 124 232 37 509679 Karannagar Rural 4,935 2,779 2,156 1,859 710 1,149 38 509680 Ankhol Rural 1,320 799 521 571 221 350 39 509681 Achrasan Rural 1,316 762 554 763 272 491 40 509682 Lunasan Rural 1,692 1,003 689 830 289 541 41 509683 Vansol Rural 1,299 778 521 605 222 383 42 509684 Vamaj Rural 2,694 1,514 1,180 931 381 550 43 509685 Fuletra Rural 1,822 1,128 694 1,243 492 751 44 509686 Borisana Rural 2,063 1,199 864 1,029 441 588 45 802465 Kadi (M + OG) Urban 64,899 35,619 29,280 16,505 7,250 9,255 Sub-Total 1,60,313 90,385 69,928 55,447 22,593 32,854 Taluka-Kalol, District-Gandhinagar (Gujarat) 46 511139 Kantha Rural 2,027 1,170 857 962 384 578 47 511143 Mokhasan Rural 2,000 1,105 895 841 341 500 48 511144 Dingucha Rural 2,376 1,370 1,006 908 335 573

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Town / Literate Illiterate Sr. No. Name TRU Village Total Male Female Total Male Female 49 511145 Pansar Rural 6,257 3,564 2,693 2,181 903 1,278 50 511146 Bhadol Rural 839 473 366 237 103 134 51 511147 Isand Rural 2,806 1,590 1,216 1,075 467 608 52 511148 Vadavsvami Rural 814 455 359 372 142 230 53 511149 Bileshvarpura Rural 1,451 858 593 620 255 365 54 511150 Pratappura Rural 1,418 839 579 636 229 407 55 511151 Piyaj Rural 2,725 1,660 1,065 1,617 562 1,055 56 511155 Ramnagar Rural 1,655 893 762 383 165 218 57 511181 Dhamasna Rural 3,841 2,099 1,742 1,023 406 617 58 802474 Chhatral INA (INA) Urban 1,901 1,385 516 759 375 384 59 802475 Kalol (M + OG) Urban 1,04,721 57,973 46,748 29,705 13,022 16,683 60 802475 Dhanot (OG) Urban 864 507 357 435 177 258 61 802475 Ola (OG) Urban 1,351 788 563 625 235 390 62 802475 Borisana (OG) Urban 14,558 7,888 6,670 3,440 1,561 1,879 63 511183 Chhatral (CT) Urban 7,557 4,367 3,190 2,658 1,071 1,587 Sub-Total 1,59,161 88,984 70,177 48,477 20,733 27,744 Grand-Total 3,27,483 1,83,899 1,43,584 1,06,793 44,493 62,300 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, Gandhinagar & Mehsana district, state Gujarat

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3.3.12.3. Economic Attributes

Economic resource base of any region mainly depends upon its economically active group i.e. the working population involved in productive work. Work may be defined as participation in any economically productive activity. Such participation may be physical or mental in nature. Work involves not actual work but also effective supervision and direction of work. It also includes unpaid work on farm or in family enterprise. The employment pattern of worker is described below and presented in Table 3.20 as well as in Figure 3.13 and Figure 3.14.

According to 2011 Census, total worker population in the study area is 1,51,758 (34.9%).

Main workers are 1,35,445 (31.2%) and marginal workers were 16,313 (3.8%). Total non-working population is 2,82,518 (65.1%)

Types of main workers

Main workers are classified in four categories as cultivators, agricultural workers, household industry workers and other workers. As per 2011 Census, Out of total 1,35,445 main workers in the study area, there are total 15,764 cultivators (11.6%), 21,484 agricultural workers (15.9%), 1,549 household industry workers (1.1%) and other workers 96,648 (71.4%). Mostly in main workers population other workers were highly found in study area. Employment pattern of main workers is given in Table 3.21 and Figure 3.13.

Figure 3.13: Employment Pattern

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Figure 3.14: Main Worker Employment Pattern

Table 3.20: Employment Pattern Workers Pattern Town / Total Sr. No. Name TRU Non- Village Workers Main Marginal worker Taluka-Mehsana, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 1 509554 Navi Sedhavi Rural 938 936 2 991 2 509555 Juni Sedhavi Rural 652 555 97 995 3 509556 Hadvi Rural 235 227 8 545 4 509557 Vadasma Rural 2,839 2,179 660 3,683 Sub-Total 4,664 3,897 767 6,214 Taluka-Kadi, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 5 509616 Ganeshpura Rural 591 551 40 913 6 509617 Kaiyal Rural 2,087 1,732 355 2,265 7 509619 Tankiya Rural 373 350 23 969 8 509620 Karjisan Rural 1,205 1,189 16 1,766 9 509621 Dangarva Rural 1,909 1,832 77 3,446 10 509622 Anandpura Rural 478 388 90 702 11 509623 Nandasan Rural 4,092 3,708 384 9,348 12 509624 Mathasur Rural 969 746 223 1,797 13 509625 Bhatasan Rural 735 726 9 1,471 14 509632 Jasalpur Rural 1,073 1,065 8 1,338 15 509633 Kherpur Rural 559 522 37 1,145 Lakshmipura 16 509634 Rural 695 687 8 963 (Nandasan) 17 509635 Chandarda Rural 882 800 82 1,328

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Workers Pattern Town / Total Sr. No. Name TRU Non- Village Workers Main Marginal worker 18 509636 Vadu Rural 1,231 1,171 60 2,678 19 509637 Narola Rural 1,200 653 547 1,327 20 509638 Ghumasan Rural 1,597 1,548 49 3,034 21 509639 Rajpur Rural 3,062 2,851 211 5,559 22 509640 Sarsav Rural 1,174 727 447 1,312 23 509641 Aldesan Rural 964 802 162 1,459 24 509654 Adudra Rural 981 941 40 2,090 Lakshmipura 25 509655 Rural 331 321 10 543 (Andudra) 26 509656 Untva Rural 716 649 67 1,349 27 509657 Kundal (Part) Rural 3,085 2,848 237 6,310 28 509658 Irana Rural 1,346 1,101 245 2,216 29 509659 Jhulasan Rural 1,794 1,457 337 3,252 30 509660 Ambavpura Rural 451 449 2 858 31 509661 Chadasna Rural 707 671 36 1,390 32 509662 Indrad Rural 2,019 1,395 624 2,919 33 509663 Budasan Rural 1,252 1,181 71 1,997 34 509664 Nani Kadi (Part) Rural 1,138 969 169 1,785 35 509677 Rangpurda Rural 737 662 75 1,231 36 509678 Pirojpur Rural 355 322 33 836 37 509679 Karannagar Rural 2,546 2,000 546 4,248 38 509680 Ankhol Rural 649 597 52 1,242 39 509681 Achrasan Rural 981 593 388 1,098 40 509682 Lunasan Rural 929 634 295 1,593 41 509683 Vansol Rural 1,059 689 370 845 42 509684 Vamaj Rural 1,639 1,388 251 1,986 43 509685 Fuletra Rural 1,121 1,081 40 1,944 44 509686 Borisana Rural 1,774 971 803 1,318 45 802465 Kadi (M + OG) Urban 25,690 24,314 1,376 55,714 Sub-Total 76,176 67,281 8,895 1,39,584 Taluka-Kalol, District-Gandhinagar (Gujarat) 46 511139 Kantha Rural 927 919 8 2,062 47 511143 Mokhasan Rural 1,269 1,194 75 1,572 48 511144 Dingucha Rural 1,065 1,022 43 2,219 49 511145 Pansar Rural 3,008 2,707 301 5,430 50 511146 Bhadol Rural 379 368 11 697 51 511147 Isand Rural 1,385 1,299 86 2,496 52 511148 Vadavsvami Rural 354 333 21 832 53 511149 Bileshvarpura Rural 721 661 60 1,350 54 511150 Pratappura Rural 661 586 75 1,393 55 511151 Piyaj Rural 1,662 1,406 256 2,680 56 511155 Ramnagar Rural 735 674 61 1,303 57 511181 Dhamasna Rural 1,932 1,695 237 2,932

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Workers Pattern Town / Total Sr. No. Name TRU Non- Village Workers Main Marginal worker 58 802474 Chhatral INA (INA) Urban 1,441 1,391 50 1,219 59 802475 Kalol (M + OG) Urban 44,670 40,173 4,497 89,756 60 802475 Dhanot (OG) Urban 524 469 55 775 61 802475 Ola (OG) Urban 756 605 151 1,220 62 802475 Borisana (OG) Urban 6,039 5,661 378 11,959 63 511183 Chhatral (CT) Urban 3,390 3,104 286 6,825 Sub-Total 70,918 64,267 6,651 1,36,720 Grand-Total 1,51,758 1,35,445 16,313 2,82,518 Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011, District Gandhinagar & Mehsana, Gujarat State

Table 3.21: Main Worker Employment Pattern

Sr. Town / Main Worker Employment Pattern Name TRU No. Village Cultivator Agriculture Household Other Taluka-Mehsana, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 1 509554 Navi Sedhavi Rural 207 285 - 444 2 509555 Juni Sedhavi Rural 203 232 8 112 3 509556 Hadvi Rural 62 85 - 80 4 509557 Vadasma Rural 754 752 78 595 Sub-Total 1,226 1,354 86 1,231 Taluka-Kadi, District-Mehsana (Gujarat) 5 509616 Ganeshpura Rural 226 93 7 225 6 509617 Kaiyal Rural 420 644 3 665 7 509619 Tankiya Rural 85 109 10 146 8 509620 Karjisan Rural 257 511 16 405 9 509621 Dangarva Rural 439 672 31 690 10 509622 Anandpura Rural 115 60 4 209 11 509623 Nandasan Rural 613 864 55 2,176 12 509624 Mathasur Rural 118 249 3 376 13 509625 Bhatasan Rural 187 370 2 167 14 509632 Jasalpur Rural 273 556 3 233 15 509633 Kherpur Rural 168 46 1 307 Lakshmipura 16 509634 Rural 169 31 1 486 (Nandasan) 17 509635 Chandarda Rural 221 246 - 333 18 509636 Vadu Rural 337 327 7 500 19 509637 Narola Rural 235 301 8 109 20 509638 Ghumasan Rural 340 276 10 922 21 509639 Rajpur Rural 607 950 40 1,254 22 509640 Sarsav Rural 231 308 - 188 23 509641 Aldesan Rural 116 529 8 149 24 509654 Adudra Rural 181 464 6 290

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Sr. Town / Main Worker Employment Pattern Name TRU No. Village Cultivator Agriculture Household Other Lakshmipura 25 509655 Rural 63 141 - 117 (Andudra) 26 509656 Untva Rural 100 342 - 207 27 509657 Kundal (Part) Rural 102 209 24 2,513 28 509658 Irana Rural 226 358 2 515 29 509659 Jhulasan Rural 257 274 18 908 30 509660 Ambavpura Rural 146 139 1 163 31 509661 Chadasna Rural 242 162 16 251 32 509662 Indrad Rural 330 318 6 741 33 509663 Budasan Rural 143 186 16 836 Nani Kadi 34 509664 Rural 238 360 7 364 (Part) 35 509677 Rangpurda Rural 140 285 - 237 36 509678 Pirojpur Rural 43 107 18 154 37 509679 Karannagar Rural 425 429 5 1,141 38 509680 Ankhol Rural 25 186 - 386 39 509681 Achrasan Rural 188 71 33 301 40 509682 Lunasan Rural 92 207 5 330 41 509683 Vansol Rural 284 298 4 103 42 509684 Vamaj Rural 408 367 8 605 43 509685 Fuletra Rural 233 602 2 244 44 509686 Borisana Rural 320 351 2 298 45 802465 Kadi (M + OG) Urban 595 717 242 22,760 Sub-Total 9,938 13,715 624 43,004 Taluka-Kalol, District- Gandhinagar (Gujarat) 46 511139 Kantha Rural 208 443 1 267 47 511143 Mokhasan Rural 201 672 3 318 48 511144 Dingucha Rural 232 321 17 452 49 511145 Pansar Rural 323 510 61 1,813 50 511146 Bhadol Rural 144 159 - 65 51 511147 Isand Rural 179 522 60 538 52 511148 Vadavsvami Rural 43 143 1 146 53 511149 Bileshvarpura Rural 84 83 6 488 54 511150 Pratappura Rural 313 123 12 138 55 511151 Piyaj Rural 478 479 4 445 56 511155 Ramnagar Rural 222 196 41 215 57 511181 Dhamasna Rural 339 779 5 572 Chhatral INA 58 802474 Urban - 1 40 1,350 (INA) 59 802475 Kalol (M + OG) Urban 887 1,017 519 37,750 60 802475 Dhanot (OG) Urban 46 137 - 286 61 802475 Ola (OG) Urban 95 108 3 399 62 802475 Borisana (OG) Urban 494 450 51 4,666

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Sr. Town / Main Worker Employment Pattern Name TRU No. Village Cultivator Agriculture Household Other 63 511183 Chhatral (CT) Urban 312 272 15 2,505 Sub-Total 4,600 6,415 839 52,413 Grand-Total 15,764 21,484 1,549 96,648 Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011, District Gandhinagar & Mehesana, Gujarat State

3.3.12.4. Infrastructural facilities

Basic Amenities Availability of the basic amenities like housing, drinking water, communication, education, transportation, health centre/dispensary, electricity in the area are an important parameter to determine the overall development of the region and socio- economic status of the people.

As per the 2001 census, almost all villages are having drinking water and electricity. Certain villages are having primary schools, primary health centres, bus facility for transportation but for the higher education, banking facilities, railway etc almost all villagers have to travel 3-21 kms up to nearest town. Details of basic amenities available in the study area are given in Annexure 16.

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CHAPTER 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

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CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 INTRODUCTION Impact identification and prediction is a way of ‘mapping’ the environmental consequences of the significant aspects of the project and its alternatives. The identification of environmental impacts has been made by correlating the relationship between project activity and environmental parameters. Several techniques and methodologies are in vogue for predicting anticipated impacts due to projects on natural and social aspects of the environment. These predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of the environment to derive the ultimate scenario of environmental conditions. These conditions are then subsequently evaluated for acceptability by screening them against standards. Based on results of prediction and evaluation, pollution abatement and control measures in order to mitigate the adverse impacts on the environment are delineated in an Environmental Management Plan for the construction phase as well as operational phase of the proposed project.

4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The identification of environmental impacts has been made, based on the understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and the impact component. To identify and predict overall impact on environmental attributes, assessment task is performed for both the phases i.e. Construction Phase and Operation Phase. Various techniques are available for impact identification, out of which matrix method has been used to identify the impacts due to the activities for the proposed project.

4.2.1 Environmental Parameters For the purpose of the assessment of anticipated environmental impacts, some of the environmental regimes are selected considering the probable impacts. The environmental regimes along with the parameters predicted for the study area are given below;

Air Environment Ambient air quality Sources of emission and its quantity Emission control measures / technology

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Environment, health and safety management strategies Water Environment Water consumption and waste water generation Water and wastewater quality Water and wastewater management system / technology Environment, health and safety management strategies Land Environment Potential of land use and land cover change Potential of land contamination sources and control measures Potential change in soil quality Noise Environment Major sources of noise from project activities Control measures for noise Environment, health and safety management strategies Occupational Health & Safety Nature and type of operation works Rawmaterial and its management (handling, storage and transportation) Operation hazard and control measures (precaution and prevention) Management for safety of employees, welfare and health Occupational health and safety plan Emergency measures and action plan Disaster management plan Ecology Flora and fauna of study area Change in habitat and vegetation Control measures for ecology and environment management strategies Socio Economic Environment Demographic characteristics Employment potential and allied issues Basic amenities and infrastructure Management strategies and social / community welfare plan Occupational health and safety management plan

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4.2.2 Project Activities and Components The following project related activities identified as sources having potential to cause impact upon various environmental attributes;

Construction Phase All the impacts due to following activities during construction phase will be short term and limited up to plot area. Site cleaning Leveling and road laying Earthwork comprising of excavation, grading, trenching Transportation of construction materials Civil work Mechanical erection Employment Domestic activities by workers Greenbelt development

Operation Phase: Each individual activity listed has its own impact on each environmental parameter. After commissioning of the proposed project, operation phase will have permanent (long term) impact due to said activities. Raw material & product storage, handling and transportation Manufacturing process & utility operations (consumption of resources & emission of liquid effluent, flue & process gas, generation of solid/hazardous waste and Noise) Employment Green Belt Development Infrastructure development & CER activities

Other factors/situation such as breakdown of critical systems, induced growth in the vicinity of factory etc. will influence the environmental parameters. During an emergency situation, the impact scenario will be completely different from normal operation and the impact on the surrounding environment will be adverse. To make sure that the proposed project does not leave behind any negative impacts, the adverse impacts are also identified for emergency during EIA study.

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4.3 PREDICTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Prediction of impacts involves determination ofnature and extent of impacts due to the various activities to be involved in the proposed project. Generally, impacts are classified as follows; 1. Positive or Negative 2. Short term or Long term 3. Significant or insignificant or moderate 4. Direct or indirect 5. Reversible or irreversible 6. Quantifiable or non-quantifiable 7. Acceptable or conditionally acceptable or unacceptable

Looking to the project site, magnitude of project and pollution potential, impacts have been predicted for following two classifications; 1. Positive or Negative 2. Short term or Long term 3. Significant or insignificant or moderate

Environmental Impacts are identified and assessed quantitatively and qualitatively. Prediction of impacts for the both construction & operation phase is given in Table 4.1and Table 4.2.

Table 4.1: Prediction of Impacts during Construction Phase Parameter

Activity Air Land Noise Water Socio Ecology Safety Health & Economic (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) Site cleaning – – ST ST ST ST ST Leveling and road (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) – – – – laying ST ST ST Earthwork comprising (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) of excavation, grading, – – – ST ST ST ST trenching Transportation of (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) – – – construction materials ST ST ST ST (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) Civil construction – – – ST ST ST ST (-ve) (-ve) Mechanical erection – – – – – ST ST

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Parameter

Activity Air Land Noise Water Socio Ecology Safety Health & Economic (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) Employment – – – – ST ST ST (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) Greenbelt development LT LT LT LT LT LT LT Note:(+ve): Positive Impact; (-ve): Negative Impact; ST: Short Term; LT: Long Term

Table 4.2: Prediction of Impacts during Operation Phase Parameter

Activity Air Land Noise Water Socio Ecology Safety Health & Economic Raw material & Product (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) – – storage and handling ST ST ST ST ST Transportation of raw (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) materials and finished – – ST ST ST ST ST products (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) Production & utilities – – LT LT LT LT LT Disposal of effluent, (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) haz. waste & gaseous – – LT LT LT LT LT emissions Emergencies or (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) – disaster ST ST ST ST ST LT Breakdown of critical (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) – – systems ST ST ST ST ST (-ve) (+ve) Employment – – – – – ST LT (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) (+ve) Greenbelt development – – LT LT LT LT LT (+ve) CER Activities – – – – – – LT Note: (+ve): Positive Impact; (-ve): Negative Impact; ST: Short Term; LT: Long Term

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4.4 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE AND ITS MITIGATIVE MEASURES Identification and prediction of impacts during construction phase of the proposed project are discussed in Table 4.1. There shall be no significant impact during the construction phase. The key problem anticipated would be increase in dust contamination and noise. However, these impacts would be for a limitedperiod i.e. up to construction period only. Impact aspect analysis during construction phase and its mitigation measures are given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3: Impacts & Aspect Analysis during Construction Phase Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation Measures EMP Scope Impact Zone Site Cleaning, Excavation, Foundation and Construction activities Air Dusting due to site Deterioration of Negative, Storage of sand and other such Workers to be given proper Quality cleaning, ambient air quality Short term dispersible material by covering with training excavation, Insignificant tarpaulin sheet Supervision of mitigation foundation and (as it will be for Keeping minimum inventory/stock of measures to ensure its sand and other such dispersible effectiveness construction short duration and will regain back on material at site completion of Proper storage of excavated construction materials with use of protective activities). sheets Confined to project Periodical water sprinkling to prevent site and vicinity dusting Storage of topsoil in covered and isolated area for its replenishing and reuse for green belt development Use of RMC to possible extent Excavated materials to transport in sound manner to prevent dust spread during movement Water Use of water during Wastage of water Negative, Use of water shall be done in optimal Supervision of mitigation Quantity construction activity Short term way measures to ensure its

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation Measures EMP Scope Impact Zone Moderate Installation of water meter and effectiveness record keeping of water consumption Water Domestic Sewage Disposal of Negative, Avoid choking of septic tank / soak Regular inspection of septic Quality generation sewage Short term pit tank /soak pit for sewage (untreated) Insignificant Prevent contamination of storm disposal water drain with sewage disposal Supervision of mitigation measures to ensure its effectiveness Land / Removal of top soil Loss of top soil Negative, Topsoil removed during construction Planning and Soil as a part of Short term will be collected and stored in commencement of green Quality construction activity Insignificant covered and isolated area for its belt / area development Confined to project replenishing and reuse for green belt along with construction site development phase Noise Generation of noise Hearing defects in Negative, Avoid construction activities during For effective and vibration due to workers / Short term night time implementation, these shall operation / working employees Moderate and direct Periodical servicing and lubrication be made part of contract of construction working with the Confined to project of moving parts of machineries for conditions machineries reducing tear and wear Training to be imparted to machineries site and vicinity Disturbance to Provision of PPEs (ear muffs, ear workers for use of PPEs local population plug) to workers working with and motivate them to use machineries generating loud noise the same Ecology Site cleaning, Nuisance to local Negative, Expert horticulturist will be deployed Planning and excavation flora and fauna Short term to take care of green belt commencement of green Confined to project development planning to enhance belt / area development site the native species population along with construction phase Occupati Working at height, Chances of Negative, Impart adequate training to workers / Preparation and onal construction of accidents to Short term labours working on site implementation of safe work Health building, use of lift workers / labours Confined to project Make them aware about risks procedures &Safety and elevators site involved Training to be imparted to Provision of required PPEs for the workers for use of PPEs related work and motivate them to use Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Mitigation Measures Page | 4.7

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation Measures EMP Scope Impact Zone the same Supervision of mitigation measures to ensure its effectiveness Socio- Labour force Employment Positive, - Ensure employment to local economic requirement opportunity to local Short term people as per requirement people Quantifiable Local residents in the vicinity Transportation of Materials Air Transportation as Local ambient air Negative, All transportation vehicles will be Keeping minimum Quality well as loading / quality Short term suitably covered with tarpaulin & inventory/stock of sand and unloading of deterioration due Moderate overloading of the vehicles will be other such dispersible construction to increased Transportation route avoided. material at site vehicular traffic PUC certified vehicles will be used to Transport contract to the materials, avoid the exhaust emission. agencies having properly equipment and maintained & PUC certified machineries vehicles to avoid the exhaust emission Noise Transportation as Disturbance to Negative, Vehicular movement will be well as loading / local population Short term preferred during day time unloading of Moderate construction Transportation route materials, equipment and machineries Occupati Traffic movement Chances of Negative, To avoid unnecessary speeding of onal accidents to local Short term vehicles on road as well as inside Health & people Moderate the premises. Safety Transportation route

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation Measures EMP Scope Impact Zone Socio- Contract to Chances of Negative, Ensure contract to local economic transport agencies contract to local Short term agency / people as per people Moderate requirement Transportation route Installation of plant equipment and machineries Water Installation, testing Water Negative, Possible reuse of water will be made Optimal usage of water Quantity and commissioning consumption for Short term during equipment and machineries of plant equipment hydraulic testing of Insignificant testing and machineries machineries Noise Installation, testing Chances of Negative, Provision of PPEs (ear muffs, ear Provision of acoustic and commissioning hearing defects to Short term plug) to workers working with enclosures and vibrating of plant equipment workers engaged Insignificant machineries generating loud noise absorbance pads and machineries in activity (short term and Information to nearby community Disturbance to temporary in nature) heads about plant commencement local people Confined to project site Occupat- Installation, testing Chances of Negative, - - ional and commissioning accidents to Short term Health & of plant equipment workers / Insignificant and machineries employees / Safety Confined to project personnel working site Socio- Unskilled, Semis Opportunities of Positive, - Employment opportunities economic skilled and Skilled employment Short term to local people Work force generation for local requirement people / agencies

4.5 IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE AND ITS MITIGATIVE MEASURES Prediction of impacts during operation phase of the proposed project are discussed in Table 4.2. Impact – aspect analysis during operation phase and its mitigation measures are given in Table 4.4.

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Table 4.4: Impacts & Aspect Analysis during Operation Phase Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone Material Handling and Storage & Transportation Air Quality Unloading of raw Deterioration of Negative Transfer, handling and charging of Preparation of SOPs for materials ambient air quality Short term raw materials through pneumatic chemical handling and Storage of raw due to fugitive Moderate conveyance system as well as storage materials & emissions during Confined to project minimal manual handling Training to workers for Products handling and site and to some Regular checking / inspection and effective implementation of Loading of storage of extent in the vicinity periodic maintenance of chemical SOPs products chemicals storage and transfer equipment and Awareness to workers for machineries. risk associated with Transportation and handling of chemicals and use of chemicals as per established SOPs required PPEs and precaution measures as per Monitoring of implementation MSDS. of maintenance schedule Provision of adequate ventilation Supervision by experts / system EHS head Periodical review of storage area and related SOPs implementation. Water Washing of Unplanned use of Negative Proper care to be taken to avoid Unplanned washing to be Quantity leakage / spillage water Short term chemicals leakages / spillages diverted to effluent treatment & Water due to material Insignificant (as its Storage area will have impervious system Quality handling rare situation) flooring and dyke wall / garland SOPs for Contingency / drains to ensure no water resources Emergency measures to be contamination in place to handle the Storm water drains to be separate leakages / spillages from garland drains to avoid contamination of storm water runoff Land / Leakage / spillage Contamination of Negative Storage area will have impervious SOPs for Contingency / Soil due to material soil due to leakages Short term flooring and dyke wall / garland Emergency measures to be quality handling / spillages of Confined to project drains to ensure no land in place to handle the chemicals site / affected land contamination leakages / spillages

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone patch Supervision by experts / EHS head Occupatio Material handling Accidents involving Negative Provision of necessary safety Preparation of onsite nal health and storage workers Short term measures (i.e. safety showers and emergency plan and & Safety Spillages / leakages Plant area and fire extinguishers) for storage area awareness of the same to of chemicals immediate Provision of PPEs to workers to avoid employees / workers. leading to surrounding any kind of accident Periodical safety audit of the emergency within in Training to workers for safe handling plant for ensuring plant premises of chemicals effectiveness of safety Training to workers for handling measures proposed / emergency situations and application implemented. of safety measures Periodical mock drills for Availability of first aid kits and ensuring effectiveness of necessary medical provision in plant training to works. premises at prominent locations Supervision by experts / EHS head. Agreement / contract with local medical services. Socio Material handling Spillages / leakages Negative -- Preparation of offsite economic and storage of chemicals Short term emergency plan and leading to Significant awareness of the same to emergencyin the Project site and local people around the vicinity of the plant vicinity plant site site Public addressal system in case of emergency Manufacturing Activities and Operations of Utilities Air Quality Fuel consumption Deterioration of Negative Process operations to be done as per SOPs for effective operation and Flue gas ambient air quality Short term established SOPs of production plant of APCM and maintaining generation due to Effect on respiratory Significant Provision of APCM with proper logbook for the same operation of system / health of Project site and design such as emissions are within Work zone monitoring for Boilers and local people in vicinity stipulated norms VOC emissions for detection Thermic Fluid vicinity of the plant Installation of VOC gas detectors and of fugitive emissions Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Mitigation Measures Page | 4.11

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone Heater. site where LDAR system Regular monitoring of Process gas maximum GLC Usage of closed handling system for Ambient air quality as well generation due to occur odorous chemicals /solvents as far as as stack emissions as per operation of possible. Env monitoring plan reaction vessels Usage of PPEs Fugitive emission from process and raw material storage area Water Consumption of As the source of Negative Installation of flow meters at strategic Monitoring of proper working Quantity fresh water for water supply is from Short term locations to ensure proper recording of flow meters industrial borewell, impact on Moderate of water consumption Verification of records of operation ground water Project site and Reuse of treated effluent for water consumption and resources vicinity Industrial purpose and maintain Zero reuse of effluent Liquid Discharge at all times. Water auditing to reduce wastage of water Water Wastewater Contamination of Negative Installation stripper, ETP consisting Preparation of SOPs for Quality generation due to ground water Short term of primary, secondary and tertiary effluent handling, treatment industrial sources due to Moderate treatment units followed by RO and disposal operation improper handling Project site followed by MEE Preparation of SOPs for Proper handling of effluent to avoid MEE, ETP operation and leakages maintenance Efficient working of MEE & ETP Regular monitoring of ETP area to have impervious pucca wastewater quality as per flooring with garland drains to prevent Env. monitoring plan groundwater contamination Noise Noise generation Hearing defects to Negative Proper foundation, alignment and Ensure effectiveness of due to plant workers Short term installation of rubber padding as well implementation of preventive operations Moderate acoustic enclosures for noise and maintenance schedule for Project site and vibration generating equipments and equipments and machineries vicinity machineries Regular monitoring of noise Preparation and implementation of levels with plant area as well Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd.

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone preventive maintenance schedule for factory premises as per Env equipments and machineries monitoring plan Provision of PPEs to workers Supervision by experts / Isolation of high noise generating EHS head machineries “Work permit system” for restricted entry to high noise generating areas Occupatio Industrial Chances of Negative Impart adequate training to workers / Preparation and nal Health operation accidents to Short term employees implementation of safe work & Safety workers / Moderate Make them aware about risks procedures employees Production plant involved with process Training to be imparted to area and Provision of required PPEs for the workers for use of PPEs and surroundings related work motivate them to use the Local people in same vicinity Supervision of mitigation measures to ensure its effectiveness. Agreement / contract with local medical services Socio- Work force Employment Positive - Ensure employment to local economic requirement opportunities for Long term people as per requirement during operative local community Moderate phase Local people in vicinity Disposal of effluent, hazardous wastes and gaseous emissions Air Quality Flue gas and Deterioration of Negative Regular inspection and maintenance SOPs for effective operation process gas ambient air quality Short term of APCM, utilities as well as reaction of APCM and maintaining emissions Effect on respiratory Moderate vessels as per preventive logbook for the same system / health of Project site and maintenance schedule Work zone monitoring for local people in vicinity Transfers of odorous waste is VOC emissions for detection vicinity of the plant preferably during day time. Transfers of fugitive emissions site where during odd hours is avoided. Regular monitoring of Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Mitigation Measures Page | 4.13

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone maximum GLC Ambient air quality as well occur as stack emissions as per Env monitoring plan Water Storage, handling Contamination due Negative Preventing leakage / spillage of SOPs to execute safe Quality and disposal of to spillage of Short term effluent and hazardous wastes to handling of effluent liquid effluent and effluent and Moderate avoid ground water contamination Record keeping of effluent hazardous wastes hazardous wastes Quantifiable Disposal of effluent confirming to generation / reuse quantity Disposal sink and discharge norms / standards and quality vicinity stipulated by authority to Common environmental infrastructure Land / Storage, handling Contamination due Negative Preventing leakage / spillage of SOPs to execute safe Soil and disposal of to spillage of Short term effluent and hazardous wastes to handling and transportation quality liquid effluent and effluent and Moderate avoid land / soil contamination of hazardous wastes hazardous wastes hazardous wastes Confined to project Adopting manifest system for Record keeping of site / affected land transport and disposal of hazardous hazardous waste disposal patch waste Occupati- Storage, handling Detrimental (Acute/ Negative Avoid manual handling of effluent Ensuring of use of PPEs by onal and disposal of chronic) effect on Short term and hazardous waste workers Health & liquid effluent and worker’s health due Moderate Handling of hazardous wastes within Supervision of mitigation Safety hazardous wastes to exposure to Confined to project premises through trolleys and measures to ensure its effluent and site handcarts effectiveness. hazardous waste as Persons involved in effluent handling Agreement / contract with well as gaseous and hazardous waste storage should local medical services emissions be aware about risks involved and SOPs to follow for safe work Use of PPEs to avoid exposure Transportation of wastes to be done in environmentally sound manner Ecology Storage, handling Adverse effect on Negative Preventing leakage / spillage of SOPs to execute safe and disposal of floral species grown Short term effluent and hazardous wastes to handling of effluent liquid effluent and as part of green belt Moderate avoid land / soil contamination SOPs to execute safe hazardous wastes development Confined to project Prevention of any gaseous emissions handling and transportation Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd.

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone Gaseous site without proper APCM operation of hazardous wastes emissions SOPs for effective operation of APCM Green belt Development Air Quality Development and Improvement in Positive Plantation of species having high Type of species to be maintenance of local ambient air Long term tolerance to Air pollutants selected such as Air green belt quality Moderate No. of species to be decided as per pollutant tolerant Absorption of Confined to project GDCR Supervision of horticulturist specific pollutants site Type of species to be planted in Survival rate of plants to be consolation with horticulturist monitored depending on surrounding and native species Water Development and Use of water for Insignificant Use of water sprinklers and drip Type of species to be Quantity maintenance of green belt irrigation system selected such as less water green belt development intensive Supervision of horticulturist Use of collected and stored rain water Survival rate of plants to be monitored Noise Development and Attenuation of noise Positive --- Supervision of horticulturist maintenance of levels due to green Long term Survival rate of plants to be green belt belt at periphery of Moderate monitored plant premises Acceptable Confined to project site Land / Development and Improvement in soil Positive Ensure use of organic manure Type of species to be Soil maintenance of quality due to Long term selected according to type of Quality green belt plantation activity Moderate soil Improvement in Acceptable Supervision of horticulturist water holding Confined to project Survival rate of plants to be capacity of soil site monitored Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Mitigation Measures Page | 4.15

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Evaluation & Attribute Aspects Impact Mitigation EMP Scope Impact Zone Reduction in soil erosion Degradation of land/soil quality due to excessive use of fertilizers Ecology Development and Benefit to local flora Positive -- Supervision of horticulturist maintenance of and fauna Long term Survival rate of plants to be green belt Aesthetic Significant monitored beautification of Beneficial plant site CER Activities Socio- Generation of Generation of job Positive Allocation of fund for CER activities Priority shall be given to economic direct and indirect opportunities for Long term local people based on their employment local people Significant educational qualification and Infrastructural Enhancement of Beneficial skills development / basic infrastructure Confined to project Review of fund utilization improvement in and amenities site vicinity local area Upliftment of Socio- economic status

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4.5.1 Evaluation of Impacts using mathematical model The mathematical model stimulates the relationships between air pollutants emitted from the source and their impact on surrounding air quality. The mathematical model based on Gaussian theory, a computer-based version ISCST3, was used to calculate Ground Level Concentrations (GLC) as a function of wind speed, direction and stability class.

The GLC for all the parameters such as PM10, SO2, NO2 and HCl likely to be emitted from the various stacks of the proposed project have been predicted using above mathematical model.

The likely impacts on air have been studied based on following assumptions, 1. Maximum possible computed emission at full capacity utilization 2. All the sources of emission form proposed project are in simultaneous operation

3. PM10 emission would be 50% of the total PM emission for the Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater and 100% for DG Set. The following methodology is adopted for the prediction based on above model. 1. Input Parameters The input parameters for the preparation of mathematical model consist of micrometeorological data and potential of the air pollutants. The details of all the input parameters are discussed here below. Micrometeorological Data Micrometeorological data viz. ambient temperature, Relative Humidity, wind speed, wind direction, Cloud Cover, Rainfall, Radiation etc. required for the mathematical modeling were collected for the site and the details of which are discussed and elaborated in Section 3.3.5 of Chapter - 3 in earlier part of this report. Potential of the Air Pollutants The probable sources of air pollution are flue gas emission and process gas emission. The details of stack emissions viz, physical stack height, inner diameter of the stack at exit, gas exit temperature, gas exit velocity, quantity of pollutant discharge etc. have been considered and taken for the processing of mathematical model. The details of stack emissions likely to occur due to proposed project are given in Table 4.5 for flue gas and process gas emissions.

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Table 4.5: Details of Stacks emission due to proposed project

Thermic Steam Process Source Attached To Unit Fluid D.G. Set Boiler Stack Heater Stack / Release Height m 20 15 11 15 Stack Inside Diameter m 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 Cross Sectional Area of Stack m2 0.1963 0.1963 0.0314 0.1963 Gas Exit Temperature oC 125 125 100 30 Gas Exit Velocity m/sec 6.0 6.0 5.0 2.0 m3/sec 1.1781 1.1781 0.1571 0.3927 Gas Exit Flow Rate Nm3/Sec 0.8821 0.8821 0.1255 0.3862 Base Elevation from MSL m 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 Concentration of Pollutant Discharge a) Particulate Matter 150.0 150.0 100.0 --

Particulate Matter (PM10) 75.0 75.0 100.0 -- 3 b) SO2 mg/Nm 261.2 261.2 169.8 40.0 c) NO2 18.8 18.8 28.2 -- d) HCl ------20 Quantity of Pollutant Discharge a) Particulate Matter 0.1323 0.0331 0.0125 --

Particulate Matter (PM10) 0.0662 0.0662 0.0125 -- b) SO2 gm/sec 0.2304 0.2304 0.0213 0.0154 c) NO2 0.0166 0.0166 0.0035 -- d) HCl ------0.0077

2. The Receptor Area Discrete polar receptor and uniform polar grid receptor network as described below are selected for the for the processing of mathematical model and to find out resultant ambient air quality at the receptor locations; The baseline ambient air quality monitoring stations Uniform polar grid within 10 Km radial area from source with flow vector of 22.5 degree (sixteen directions) and 100 polar rings (radial distance at 100 m increment)

3. Model Output The output of the model consists of ground level concentration at various receptor areas from the source. The first three highest 24 hours average ground level concentration value for all the parameters is given in Table 4.6 and the first highest 24-hourly average

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ground level concentration value at the ambient air quality monitoring stations are given in Table 4.7. Table 4.6: First Three Highest 24-Hourly Average GLC Values Concentration, μg/m3 Conc., μg/m3 Location Location

Value PM10 SO2 NO2 HCl Highest

1st 0.3 km @ 247.5° 4.208 13.841 1.084 0.1 km @ 67.5° 0.543 2nd 0.3 km @ 247.5° 3.988 13.303 1.020 0.1 km @ 67.5° 0.494 3rd 0.3 km @ 247.5° 3.606 12.066 0.922 0.1 km @ 67.5° 0.484

Table 4.7: First Highest 24-Hourly Average GLC Values for AAQM Stations

Location Aerial Distance Station Station Name w.r.t Project from project PM SO NO HCl Code 10 2 2 Site site, m S1 Project Site -- -- Nil Nil Nil Nil 242°/WSW/ S2 Budasan Village 5,928 0.177 0.598 0.045 0.013 Downwind 232°/SW/ S3 Indrad Village 2,251 0.236 0.780 0.061 0.027 Downwind 165°/SSE/ S4 Dhanot Village 1,623 0.426 1.446 0.108 0.032 Crosswind 71°/ENE/ S5 Jhulasan Village 5,567 0.172 0.582 0.044 0.012 Upwind Ambavpura 102°/ESE/ S6 3,785 0.056 0.193 0.014 0.003 Village Upwind Chadasana 114°/ESE/ S7 925 0.466 1.571 0.119 0.056 Village Upwind Bileshwarpura 132°/SE/ S8 2,265 0.115 0.384 0.030 0.011 Village Crosswind Note: Concentration for all the parameters is expressed in μg/m3

Isopleths diagram showing 1st highest 24 hourly average GLCs contour plots for the

PM10, SO2, NO2 and HCl for the proposed project are given in Figure 4.1 to Figure 4.4 respectively.

OBSERVATIONS

F The maximum 24-hourly average ground level concentration for pollutant due to

proposed project calculated using mathematical model (ISCST3) for PM10, SO2, NO2

and HCl are 4.208 g/m3, 13.841 g/m3, 1.047 g/m3 and 0.543 g/m3 respectively which is very less even for the worst-case scenario. Moreover, this will occur at a

distance of maximum 300 meters for PM10, SO2 and NO2 and 100 meters for HCl

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from the source, which falls within the project site only where there is no existence of permanent habitat. F The incremental ground level concentration of all the pollutants at all the ambient air monitoring locations is very negligible and practically nil as shown in Table 4.7 and therefore there will not be any impact on the air quality of surrounding villages due to the proposed project. F It is revealed that all the parametersare well within the NAAQS after consideration of incremental concentration due to proposed project as shown in Table 4.8. F Concentration of HCl was below detectable limit at all the locations. Considering incremental concentration, resultant concentration of the same will be below detectable limit.

Table 4.8: Incremental ground level concentration of pollutants Station Concentration Parameters Name of Station Code Baseline Incremental Resultant S1 Project Site 87.67 Nil 87.670 Particulate S2 Budasan Village 87.75 0.177 87.927 Matter (size S3 Indrad Village 84.19 0.236 84.426 less than 10 S4 Dhanot Village 85.24 0.426 85.666 µm) or 3 S5 Jhulasan Village 86.98 0.172 87.152 (PM10), µg/m , [100]*, S6 Ambavpura Village 88.48 0.056 88.536 24 Hours S7 Chadasana Village 88.66 0.466 89.126 S8 Bileshwarpura Village 87.38 0.115 87.495 S1 Project Site 31.35 Nil 31.350 S2 Budasan Village 29.76 0.598 30.358 Sulphur S3 Indrad Village 34.49 0.780 35.270 Dioxide (SO2), S4 Dhanot Village 25.12 1.446 26.566 µg/m3, [80]*, S5 Jhulasan Village 26.28 0.582 26.862 24 Hours S6 Ambavpura Village 34.49 0.193 34.683 S7 Chadasana Village 31.35 1.571 32.921 S8 Bileshwarpura Village 29.76 0.384 30.144 S1 Project Site 40.04 Nil 40.04 S2 Budasan Village 39.50 0.045 39.545 Nitrogen S3 Indrad Village 35.98 0.061 40.105 Oxide (NOx), S4 Dhanot Village 40.04 0.108 40.148 µg/m3, [80]*, S5 Jhulasan Village 39.50 0.044 39.544 24 Hours S6 Ambavpura Village 39.10 0.014 39.114 S7 Chadasana Village 40.04 0.119 40.159 S8 Bileshwarpura Village 36.39 0.030 36.42 *National Ambient Air Quality Standards published by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide G.S.R. 826 (E), dated 16/11/2009.

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Figure 4.1: Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for PM10

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Figure 4.2: Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for SO2

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Figure 4.3: Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for NOx

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Figure 4.4: Contour plot showing highest Incremental GLC for HCl

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4.5.2 Fugitive emission control measures There will be chances of fugitive emission from the proposed manufacturing process as well as due to transportation, storage and handling of raw materials and product. The unit will adequate measures for control of fugitive emissions and odor control from proposed project as given in Table 4.9.

Table 4.9: Fugitive emission & odor control measures Sr. Probable Sources Action Plan for Fugitive and Odor Control No 1. Manufacturing Activities during Liquid raw materials will be charged by pumping & charging into reactors closed loops. Dosing will be done by metering system to avoid fugitive emissions. Routine inspections of process equipment with gas detectors will be carried out to identify leaks & leak rate will be estimated in order to decide an appropriate corrective action. LDAR program will be implemented and followed for detection of gaseous fugitive emission. Provide mechanical seal for all agitators of reaction vessels. Usage of closed handling system for odorous chemicals such as chlorine gas. 2. Chemical vapor from wet cake in Covered transfer systems will be adopted filtration and drying area Workers shall be provided PPE. Fume extraction systems will be provided at filtration and drying area. 3. Hazardous chemical storage area Provision of dedicated storage area with adequate ventilation All the containers will be kept tightly closed Trolley/Forklift will be used for transfer of drums and containers Transfers of odorous chemicals will be carried out preferably during day time. Transfers during odd hours will be avoided. 4. Solvent recovery During filling and Breather valves, PSVs, Rupture discs will be withdrawal from tanks and vessels installed for process/storage tank vents. Vapor recovery systems will be provided at required locations. Proper Control of the operating parameters, mainly temperature, vacuums, cooling media circulation, during plant operation to achieve solvent recovery of 95%. 5. Emission from bulk storage tanks Breather valves, PSVs, Rupture disc, Vapor during storage, loading, unloading recovery system will be installed for process/storage tank vents Routine inspections of will be carried out to identify leaks & leak rate will be estimated in order to decide an appropriate corrective action. Vent of tanks will be connected with scrubber system to avoid fugitive emission. Chapter-4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Mitigation Measures Page | 4.25

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Sr. Probable Sources Action Plan for Fugitive and Odor Control No LDAR program will be implemented and followed for detection of gaseous fugitive emission. 6. Pump and compressor Emissions Use of mechanical seals in pumps and agitators Provision of standby arrangement for critical equipment and parts. Drip trays will be placed for each pump to collect leakages and spillages. 7. Valves, Flanges, plugs and Welded pipes to be used. instrument connections Suitable gasket material to be used. Suitable glad packing to be used in valves. Periodic inspection and maintenance of pipes and pipe fittings

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CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY& SITE)

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

The analysis of alternatives plays a key role in evaluation of the proposed technologies as well as for site selection for any project. As per the EIA notification 2006 analysis of alternatives is essentials to be included in EIA report, if it is suggested during scoping stage by EAC. During scoping stage, MoEF&CC have not specified to carry out analysis of alternative for technology and site. Therefore, in depth analysis of alternative for site and technology has not been carried out. However, this chapter describes brief site selection criteria considered and technology adopted for the proposed project.

5.1 SITE ALTERNATIVES The proposed project will be setup on a land already acquired and converted into non- agricultural land for industrial use at Kadi Taluka of Mehsana district. Specific site selection criteria for the proposed project are described hereunder:

The supporting factors for site selection: The project site is located in Mehsana district having all basic facilities like availability of water and fuel, electricity, transport and telecommunication systems etc. Plant site is 23 km away from Gandhinagar City which is having transportation facilities like linkage with Bombay and Delhi by Broad Gauge railway and National Highway No. 48. Unit has planned to setup Process R&D, Pilot Plant and formulation unit within the same premises along with technical grade insecticide manufacturing. Unit has been granted CTE by GPCB for or the proposed project. Unit has planned to collaborate with Indrashil University (set up by Cadila Pharmaceuticals) located nearby to the project site for Process R&D and new product development. Common infrastructure facility of spray drying is located in the vicinity of the project site at about 1 km to facilitate Zero Liquid Discharge. The raw materials required for the production of all the proposed products is easily available in the vicinity of the project site, because of the proximity to the industrial chemical markets at Chhatral, Kalol, Mehsana and Ahmedabad. This will reduce both the cost of raw material transportation and the associated risk.

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Availability of trained and skilled manpower nearby because of the proximity to various industrial areas and city/town. There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco- sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act-1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the Plant Site. Hence, the proposed location is best suited for proposed activities and no other alternative for site is analyzed.

5.2 ALTERNATIVES FOR TECHNOLOGIES Proposed Particulars Technology Alternatives Manufacturing The unit will adopt latest and best The unit is very concerned and Process technology available so far in the conscious about the product market for the manufacturing of quality and equally about the proposed products to achieve environmental protection & maximum yield with minimum resource conservation. Hence, pollution generation and fugitive unit will put continuous efforts emission. for replacing/upgrading plant and machineries from time to time with the best available technology with continuous research through its state of the art R&D facility. Wastewater Total effluent generation from No alternatives are required proposed project will be segregated since, proposed technology is into high Ammonical Nitrogen, adequate for the industrial cyanide containing toxic stream, high wastewater treatment. COD/TDS and low COD/TDS concentration streams.

High Ammonical and Cyanide bearing streams will be treated at plant level and will be sent to ETP for further treatments.

Low concentrated effluent will be treated in ETP followed by RO. Permeate from RO will be re-used in Cooling tower makeup and APCE. Reject from RO will be sent to MEE.

High concentrated wastewater stream from manufacturing process will be treated in stripper. Treated water from stripper along with ETP- RO Reject will be sent to MEE. Condensate from MEE along with

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Proposed Particulars Technology Alternatives permeate from ETP-RO will be reused in Cooling tower makeup KLD and APCE. Hence, unit will maintain Zero Liquid Discharge.

Domestic wastewater will be sent to Soak pit via septic tank system. Air Air Pollution Control System of No alternatives required since Multicyclone separator followed by proposed equipment is suitable bag filter for steam boiler and and adequate to achieve multicyclone separator for thermic prescribed norms of GPCB. fluid heater will be provided. Water followed by two stage Alkali Proposed technology is suitable Scrubber will be provided for control to control emission of process of process gas emission. gases & adequately designed, considering the pollution load, to maintain prescribed norms of GPCB. Hazardous On-site temporary storage of As all proposed technology/ waste different type of hazardous waste methods are safe disposal separated with proper labeling and facilities and also guided by demarcation will be provided. authority, no alternative is required. Unit will obtain membership for disposal of hazardous waste from GPCB approved TSDF/CHWIF sites for additional quantity of hazardous waste.

Certain wastes will be managed by reusing within premises / selling to authorized regenerators /selling to scrap vendor / selling to MoEF&CC approved Recycler.

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CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.1 PREAMBLE The post project environmental monitoring program serves as the key tool to keep track on performance of mitigation measures implemented & pollution control technologies installed to prevent impacts associated with various operations of the project.

Environmental monitoring is the repetitive and systematic measurement of the characteristics of environmental components to test specific hypotheses of the effects of human activity on the environment. Environmental monitoring will be undertaken primarily to determine the environmental effects of human activities, and secondarily to increase understanding of cause-effect relationships between human activity and environmental change.

Thus, environmental monitoring is the effective observation of site conditions and work activities; and identification of potential non-compliance situations and initiation of corrective or remedial actions. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution, since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring.

6.2 MONITORING PROGRAM From the monitoring point of view, the important components are air, water, soil, and noise. Unit will carry out regular monitoring by third party NABL accredited laboratory. Environmental monitoring program for the proposed project is given in following Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Program

Sr. Components Locations Parameters Frequency No. Water Daily & Monthly water 1. Intake Source Regular Quantity consumption Raw water from Twice in a year 2. Water Quality As per IS 10500 Borewell (except monsoon) Inlet of stripper, MEE, Wastewater Daily generation and reuse / 3. Inlet & Outlet of ETP Regular Quantity disposal quantity followed by RO 4 effluent streams: General parameters like pH, Low COD/TDS, High Wastewater COD, TDS and other 4. COD/TDS streams, Daily / Regular Quality parameters as specified by treated effluent (RO GPCB through consent Permeate & MEE

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Sr. Components Locations Parameters Frequency No. Condensate), Treated effluent discharge stream Steam Boilers & 5. Flue gas stack Thermic Fluid Heater PM, SO2, NOx Monthly and D.G. Sets Reactors of process 6. Process vent plant & Scrubber HCl, SO2 Monthly System

2 within the premise PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HCl, 7. Ambient Air (1 in upwind and 1 in VOC and as specified by Monthly downwind) GPCB through consent Hazardous Chemical Sludge from 8. General parameters Twice in a year Waste ETP / MEE Salt All prominent locations 9. Noise Noise levels Quarterly within the premises 10. Soil 1 within premises As per norms Once in a year Greenbelt Within the premises Plant growth and survival 11. Periodic development and in plant vicinity rate

6.3 INFRASTRUCTURAL REQUIREMENT & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES Unit will establish small scale laboratory near ETP area for regular wastewater analysis and monitoring. In house analysis for Water and wastewater samples will be carried out to assure the quality of water being consumed and wastewater being reused. Untreated and treated wastewater of ETP will be analysed daily with respect to pH, TDS and COD. Flow meter will be provided at the inlet of Stripper, MEE & ETP followed by RO for regular monitoring of raw effluent quantity.

Online monitoring system with Gas detector and audio-visual alarm will be provided for flue gas and process gas emission. For detection of fugitive emission, VOC detector will be provided at process plant and raw material storage area and Leak Detection & Repair (LDAR) program will be implemented effectively to control fugitive emission, if any.

In addition to this, periodically monitoring will be carried out by NABL accredited laboratory for treated wastewater, ambient air, work area, stacks and noise as per the schedule mentioned in Section 6.2.

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6.4 EHS POLICY & ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL Apart from carrying out business only, unit will also take care of its responsibilities towards the Environment. Unit believes in sustainable development and is equally concerned about environment preservation and pollution control. Unit will prepare Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) Policy approved by its Director for effective and efficient working with view of environment protection. The EHS policy will be formulated to comply with statutory norm with regards to the Environment, Occupational Health & Safety and strive for the continuous improvement to prevent pollution, reduce wastages, conserve energy, reduced risk and health hazards. All employees at each cadre of the unit will be made aware about the EHS Policy of the company and policy will be posted at various prominent places in the unit. The employees to be recruited for the work will be made aware about the EHS policy during the induction training being imparted.

Apart from EHS policy, there will be different SOPs related to EHS of the unit, which will be implemented and reviewed periodically. The list of SOPs related to EHS is given at Annexure 17. Employees will be made aware about the relevant SOPs in their working area at the time of recruitment and whenever the SOPs will be amended.

For effective implementation of the monitoring program, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set-up of environmental management cell (EMC) which will perform all the environmental management related activities. Hierarchical system and administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring total environmental compliance are hereunder. All the project activities will be monitored to ensure the appropriate implementation of all environmental mitigation activities and to identify areas where environmental management plan compliance is not satisfied.

Tentative Organogram of EMC is given in Figure 6.1. Unit will assign responsibility to officers from various disciplines and cadres to perform and co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of environmental control measures.

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Figure 6.1: Environmental Management Cell

DIRECTOR

EHS MANAGER

CHEMIST / SUPERVISOR

OPERATORS

HELPERS

EHS Manager will be responsible for total environmental management. Overall activities to be performed by EMC are presented below and details of responsibilities to be given to each officer of the EMC are given in Table 6.2.

F Collect information from regular monitoring and create database. F Analyze the data and decide thrust area. F Carry out “project” in each thrust area to arrive at practical solutions to environmental problems. F Discuss the reports of study on environment and disseminate the information. F Work out action plan for implementation of the recommendations made in the report. F Prepare Management Information System (MIS) reports and budget for environment management program. F To deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the conditions prescribed by GPCB & MoEFCC. F Non-compliance / violation of environmental norms, if any are reported to Director and immediate required action is taken. F Efficient operation and regular monitoring of environmental management systems F Establishment and maintenance of documented objectives of the “Environment, Health & Safety Policy” of the management.

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Table 6.2: Responsibilities of EMC

Sr. Name & Designation Responsibilities No. Approve environment policy and give directions to 1. Director succeeding component of the cell.

Responsible for overall environmental management. Establish EHS Policy, Development EHS SOP, EHS Plan, Manual, Evolutes EHS program & training, Legal complacencies of GPCB & other authorities, execute and follow-up for routine monitoring, cleaning and maintenance 2. EHS Manager work of environmental Management systems. Regularly coordinate with Chemist/Supervisor and take feedback regarding all the activities performed under EMC, keep aware the director of the unit about all the activities performed under EMC, any major issue/accidents/incident take place, any non- compliance/ violation of environmental norms.

Check and Maintain records of effluent quantity w.r.t. generation, treatment and reuse, check and maintain records of quality of raw effluent, hazardous waste generation, storage & disposal, observe regularity, discipline and working 3. Chemist / Supervisor strength of operators. Reporting EHS Manager about all the activities performed under EMC, any major issue/accidents/incident take place, any non-compliance/ violation of environmental norms

Run ETP regularly and efficiently as per the SOP and instruction of Chemist/ Supervisor, Routine cleaning & 4. Operators maintenance of ETP, maintain hazardous waste storage area in good condition & Record of it, observe regularity, discipline, working strength of helpers.

To help operators and follow his instructions to operate ETP 5. Helpers and maintain Hazardous waste storage area.

6.5 ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS & DOCUMENTATION 6.5.1. Data Analysis All environmental monitoring data will be stored as computer database by the Environmental Management Cell (EMC) for proper storage, retrieval and interpretation of the same. A regular database format will be maintained to keep a track of monitored parameters and causes will be identified in case of non-conformity with the permissible limits.

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6.5.2. Reporting Schedules Voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to EMP will be undertaken. EHS manager will co-ordinate all monitoring programs at site and data generated will be submitted regularly to the statutory agencies. Frequencies of reporting will be as per the requirement of GPCB.

6.5.3. Environmental Monitoring Expenditure The monitoring and evaluation process require extensive surveys and primary data collection, either to establish the baseline or to measure changes. In order to respond management needs for carrying out environmental monitoring for the proposed project, a contingency budget is required. Annual cost towards environmental monitoring of proposed plant will be about Rs. 10 Lacs.

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CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES (PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT & SAFETY MANAGEMENT)

As per the prescribed ToRs, additional studies carried out for the proposed project are (1) Public Consultation / Hearing and (2) Risk Assessment and Safety Management. They are elaborated in the following sections.

7.0. PUBLIC CONSULTATION / HEARING

“Public Hearing/Consultation” refers to the process by which the concerns of local affected persons and others who have plausible stake in the environmental impacts of the project or activity are ascertained with a view to taking into account all the material concerns in the project or activity design as appropriate.

The proposed project for manufacturing of various Synthetic Organic Chemicals (Pharmaceutical Bulk Drugs & Intermediates) is covered under Category 5(f)-A of the EIA Notification–2006 and subsequent amendments. As per the Terms of Reference (ToR) issued by MoEF&CC, unit required to conduct Public Hearing. The public hearing for the project was conducted as per the procedure prescribed in Appendix-IV of the EIA Notification SO 1533 (E) dated 14/09/2006 and subsequent amendments, the details of the same are given below;

Date & Time : 10/01/2020 at 12:00 hrs

Venue : Project Site of Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Village: Indrad, Ta: Kadi, Dist: Mehsana, Gujarat Conducted by : 1) Smt. Ketki Vyas – Representative of the District Magistrate & District Collector, Mehsana 2) Shri J.D. Priyadarshi - Regional Officer GPCB, Mehsana

The showing issues / suggestions / objections / opinion rose by the participants during the public hearing and reply responded by the project proponent is summarized here below:

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline 1 Name: Due to new projects in this area air -- Proper EMP has been planned Dr. A.J.Pandya, Gayatri and water quality has reduced. and will be implemented Dairy, Vil.: Indrad This area will become like before commissioning of the Ankleshwar and Vatva in a near project. future. Emission (smoke) is observed Total Budget of Rs. 3.4 Crore in the night time. for the capital investment for There is emission of HCl from this EMP has been allocated. project. What will happen to the During the operation of the drying of milk from air contaminated project, proper and efficient by HCL gas. operation of EMP will be I am giving written representation ensured and for the recurring herewith. cost of EMP Rs. 4.15 Crore per Anum has been budgeted. 2 Name: Prahladji Javanji As presented by proponent, there is Representative of Member ETP with zero Liquid Thakor, no pollution in the collected water Secretary, GPCB replied that, discharge has been proposed Vil.: Indrad sample of surrounding villages. his request is being recorded in with the capital investment of However, there is a bore at 100 m the minutes of meeting. Rs. 3.0 Crore. The ETP will be distance in which there is chemical. He further replied that, Mehsana installed and commissioned There is chemical in water. 70% & Gandhinagar district falls in before the commissioning of bores have chemical and new bore the study area. If you have the manufacturing unit. cannot be constructed. particular compliments related Farmers cannot work in the night. So, to pollution then give it to me looking in fever of villagers I request and we will resolve the same honorable chairman to look into it. together. 3 Name: Ratubhai Desai, He mentioned he was not aware and Representative of Member Proposed project will be based Vill.: Indrad informed about this public hearing or Secretary, GPCB repeatedly on a zero liquid discharge there was no board placed at Gram asked to give proper questions system. Therefore, maximum Panchayat Office by talati or related to this project since his re-use of treated effluent will sarpanch. We are big farmers here. written representation is be ensured. No notice is given in any newspaper. received. An application for obtaining Government has not declared NOC for withdrawal of ground chemical zone on any land on Indrad water has been submitted to village regarding any sort of CGWA by the private industrial

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline permission has not been granted. Representative of Member estate authority from where There is no mention of industrial use Secretary, GPCB replied that water will be sourced. in NA document we will do sampling of borewell However, in case of non- Akshar chemical is manufacturing water and his representations availability of ground water, Vinyl Sulfone. Its manufacturing is are recorded in the minutes of unit will explore the option of banned worldwide. meeting. surface water supply. Name and address are not mentioned Confirmed Source of water in draft EIA report prepared by supply will be ensured before Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. the commissioning of the As mentioned by consultant, there is project. no pollution in Indrad, Ankhol, Commitment as mentioned in Karannagar villages during survey. Sr. No. 1 for EMP will be The report is wrong. ensured. This is a systematic plan to dump chemical waste from all over the world. Gujarat Government has moved pesticide units located in Vapi, Ankleshwar, Panoli, Vadodara into Dahej, SEZ. Our village is of backward class population. How will 2000 animals, 5000 people survive for living? Think about ecology. 70% land of Indrad has been converted into NA. This is dark zone. Consumption of 1,37,000 liters per day is mentioned in EIA report. Where will it be disposed? There were 150 bore in this village of which 70% bore have failed and connection for new bore is not available.

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline There will be no new connection of bore water. What will industry do for animal health? What will you make like animal feed, vaccine, medicines or syrup? Hydrogenation, chlorination, sulfurization are chemicals & disposed in night These farmers are illiterate. My land is near other Karannagar- Ankhol Road. These farmers have approached me with sample. I have started one NGO. Indrad-Ankhol Enviro Care which we have registered. We are against this project and we will fight for it. We have no objection for plastic, textile, rolling mill, oil mill, jinning etc. but no chemical industry. There are no flowers blooming on berries, wheat production is stopped Reproduction of women and cattle is affected You should go to Vatva for manufacturing What will happen to Gayatri Dairy in this region? Pharma company for tableting & formulation, we have no objection. Public hearing should be advertised

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline and given in newspaper. Check sample of water. 4 Name: Vijay Thakor, Chemical will be stored in soak pit so Representative of Project Soak pit will be constructed Vil.: Indrad there is no surety of toxic discharge in Proponent replied that, Sewage before the commissioning of ground water like wastewater from human the project for the disposal of activity will only be discharged domestic sewage only and it into soak pit. There will be no will be ensured that no discharge of industrial effluent. chemical or industrial effluent Treated effluent will be partly re- is drained in to soak pit. Chhatral Enviro will ultimately dispose used for industrial purpose and Capital investment of Rs. 1.5 effluent and will harm Dhanot village remaining effluent will be sent to Lacs has been allocated for Companies promise to make Chhatral Enviro for Spray development of greenbelt greenbelt but do not develop it. Drying so there will be no within premises and for its I represent that this chemical discharge of effluent on land. maintenance recurring company should not come. Representative of Member expenditure of about Rs. 1 Secretary, GPCB informed that Lacs per Anum is planned. Chhatral Enviro does not Greenbelt within the premises dispose effluent and incinerate will developed as committed it. within one year of project He further informed that if you commencement. have any complaint related to Chhatral Enviro, I will forward the compliant to RO- Gandhinagar and you may visit them in person regarding the same. 5 Name: Ramaji Maganji He mentioned that we should only Representative of Member Commitment as mentioned in Thakor (Ex. Sarpanch) discuss about the project rather than Secretary, GPCB thanked him Sr. No. 1 for the EMP will be Vil.: Indrad fights against the project. and welcomed his suggestions. ensured with budget He presented that this is the platform allocation. to put forward issues of farmers and people from pollution of chemical industries.

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline On behalf of farmers, village and village heads, He mentioned, he welcomes this industry. People will get new employment and business opportunities from such upcoming projects. He also requested that, it is to be made sure that, there shall be no harm to the people, environment, animal husbandry, vegetation etc. from pollution. 6 Name: Jalaji Solaji (Ex. My borewell is at 500 m distance -- Commitment as mentioned in Sarpanch) We expect that there should be no Sr. No. 1, 2 & 3 will be Vil.: Indrad harm to farming and borewell from ensured for EMP with budget upcoming industry. allocation. We are facing problems in the night from such chemical industries. 7 Name: Kanuji Ramaji From 8 pm to 9 pm in the night, -- Adequate air pollution control Thakor, excessive pollution is observed which equipment (APCE) with state Vil.: Indrad affects animals and humans. Borewell of art technology will be water gets spoilt. Air and Water get installed to control air spoilt. emission. The capital Water quality is not good in the investment of Rs. 20 Lacs has nearby villages been allocated. We welcome new industries but not at All the APCE will be installed the cost of harming environment and and commissioned before the water. commissioning of the New industries will be beneficial to manufacturing unit. nearby villages but we request to look Rs. 5 Lacs per Anum has after emission of toxic gases during been budgeted for continuous night and day time. and efficient operation of APCE. Commitment as mentioned in

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline Sr. No. 1, 2 & 3 for EMP will be ensured with budget allocation. 8. Name: Manaji Thakor He informed, ensure that there is no Representative of project More than 50% labors for the (Member, District harm from this project proponent informed that as per proposed project will be Panchayat), 80 Lacs will be spent for social EIA Notification 2% of capital employed from nearby Vil.: Acharasan development but industries do not cost will be utilized in the nearby villages. spend it later on villages for CER activities. 2% of capital cost i.e. 80 Lacs Compliance report will be will be utilized in the nearby submitted to MoEF&CC every villages for various CER six months with its budget activities within 5 years. allocation. You have complete assurance from project proponent that such activities will be carried out in consultation with village Nearby labours are not hired by even heads & sarpanch of nearby 25%. I request 25-50% employment villages. to local person of nearby villages. There will be requirement of 120 persons for this project and ensure that preference will be given to nearby people for employment. 9. Name: Rajubhai As an NGO, I request 20 women from Representative of Project Based on educational Acharya, NGO, Kadi nearby villages who are divorcee, Proponent informed that he qualification and skill sets, unit Vil.: Kadi widowed should get employment for welcomes suggestion of will employ at least 20 women women empowerment as an initiative Rajubhai for women from nearby villages. by Prime Minister. empowerment as a part of CER Commitment as mentioned in Rs. 80 Lacs should be spent for Gruh and we will do the needful for Sr. No. 8 for the CER will be Udhyog like sewing so that women the same. ensured with budget can be benefitted financially. allocation. We request industries to give support to us for Swacch Bharat Abhiyan by

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline adopting Indrad village.

10 Name: Arjanji Mafaji He mentioned that who will give Representative of Member Commitment as mentioned in . Thakor, answer to the representations in the Secretary, GPCB replied that Sr. No. 1 & 7 for EMP will be Vil.: Indrad public hearing project proponent will respond ensured with budget He further said that questions asked to all the representations and allocation. by earlier people were not answered. will be uploaded in the website If any incident related to health or of GPCB. environment will arise in future, we He further said whatever will agitate this matter on behalf of questions asked are being Indrad. recorded in the minutes of meeting and video recording is also made. It will be submitted further to Delhi for A category project. 11 Name: Bhaumik Vyas, Is this project pesticide formulation or Representative of project Commitment as mentioned in . Vil.: Kadi technical? If it is technical then this proponent replied that, it is Sr. No. 1 & 7 for EMP will be project should be in GIDC. This Technical. ensured with budget project is categorized as Toxic which allocation. is highly harmful to humans. There will be release of SO2, NO2. Nearby companies also release these gases. Village population is 5000 and everyone has skin and eye disease due to such chemical. At present, there is eye allergy due to chemical. I object this project and such project should not come. 12 Name: Bhavnaben Skin diseases happen due to pollution Representative of Project Commitment as mentioned in . Vyas, of SO2, NO2 and PM. proponent replied that unit will Sr. No. 7 for Air Pollution Vil.: Kadi STCMA manufacturing has toxic take all the safety measures as Control will be ensured with

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline chemicals and solvents. per Factory’s Act and On-site & budget allocation. What will be your responsibility in Off-site emergency plan will be On-site emergency plan has case of accident from the same. prepared so that in case of such been prepared and will be You should go to GIDC otherwise I emergencies it can be updated regularly. In case of have objection and am ready to go to implemented. any accident the same will be NGT. followed. 13 Name: Jal Vyas, Which extinguishers will be used for Representative of Project Commitment as mentioned at . Vil.: Kadi fire and safety? Proponent replied that DCP & Sr. No. 4 for greenbelt Peacock is in habitat and peacock is CO2 type extinguishers as per development will be ensure national bird. It can lead to death due norms will be used for fire & with budget allocation. to air pollution. safety. Also, as a part of CER, unit I expect such project should go to will develop greenbelt at GIDC zone and should not come in nearby villages with agricultural area. appropriate budget allocation If permission is granted to this project, of 1.5 Lacs. we will go to NGT. NGT works for the Wild life conservation plan for same. What is the scenario in Indian Peafowl with budget Ankleshwar Vapi? So we request you allocation of Rs. 2.5 Lacs is to go to GIDC. prepared and which will be Industry promises to develop executed within 5 years. greenbelt but no industry in Indrad Commitment mentioned at Sr. develop greenbelt. No. 8 for CER will be ensure In case of pollution, company with budget allocation. representatives are not ready to give answer and give excuses. Industries are not giving any help to nearby villages and whatever they promise in public hearing is only for getting license. Companies form NGO or Trust and money stays with them only.

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Replies from the Project Commitment of Project Sr. Name and Address Points Represented Proponent / Regional Officer- Proponent along with budget No. Mehsana and timeline 14 Name: Ramaji Thakor He agreed not to repeat the same -- Commitment mentioned at Sr. . (Ex. Sarpanch), questions and informed that village No. 8 for CER will be ensure Vil.: Indrad heads and sarpanch should approach with budget allocation. industry authorities and request them to do development of people and welfare. It is not only responsibility of industry to survey. We should welcome this project and we should work along with industries and there are beneficial impacts on the development of village by upcoming of new industries in the village. We give support that chemical zone should not come. The whole document of Public Hearing Proceedings is reproduced as an attached Annexure 18.

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7.1. RISK ASSESSMENT & SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Increasing use of hazardous chemicals as raw materials, intermediates and finished products has attracted attention of the Government and the public at large in view of the chemical disasters. The serious nature of the accidents, which cause damage to the plant, personnel and public, has compelled industries to pay maximum attention to the safety issues and also to effectively manage the hazardous material and operations. It is mandatory for the industries handling hazardous chemical to maintain specified safety standards and generate an on-site emergency plan and keep it linked with off site emergency plan.

Risk assessment study for the proposed project of Synergia Scineces Pvt.Ltd. has been carried out and the details are elaborated in this chapter. Based on findings and recommendations of Risk Assesment report, Risk Management Plan for the proposed project has also been prepared and included.

Risk Assessment is defined as a continuous and integrated process of identification, evaluation and measurement of risks, along with their potential impact on the organization.

The benefits of risk assessment include the following:

Prevention or reduction in occurance of accidents. Mitigation of the severity and/or consequences by way of improved process techniques, fire protection systems, arrangements of storage, inventory monitoring to fit production requirements. Confidences develop in employees by improving competency. Preparedness and prompt response to deal with any accident.

7.2. OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT

7.2.1. Objective The principle objective of this study is to identify major risks in the manufacturing process and to evaluate on-site & off-site consequences of identified hazard scenarios. Pointers are then given for effective mitigation of hazards in terms of suggestions for effective disaster management, suggesting minimum preventive and protective measures and change of practices to ensure safety.

The following aspects and areas have been covered in this study;

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Identification of major risk areas. Hazard identification / Identification of failure cases. Consequential analysis of probable risks / failure cases; o Determination of the probable risk by Releasing of chemical due to leakage of storage tank and catastrophic failure. o Risk assessment on the basis of the above evaluation & risk acceptability. o Minimum preventive & protective measures to be taken to minimize risks to maximum possible extent. Giving pointers for effective disaster management. Suggesting measures to further lower the probability of risk.

7.2.2. Methodology Design data, built in safety systems are studied. Discussions are held with officials. Safety related individual system is discussed. Hazard identification exercise is conducted taking into consideration of materials, material handling methods, operating procedures, built in safety in reactors, operating parameters and safety measures to be taken in proposed plant. Containment failure scenario related to storage area is considered for hazard Analysis and consequences of such containment failures are considered in detail. Thus, this study is mainly oriented towards actual risks rather than chronic risks.

7.3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Identification of hazard in proposed project activity is of primary significance. Following components of a plant presents potential for an accident.

F Storage and handling of hazardous chemicals,

F Manufacturing processes and allied operations in the plant

The unit will handle hazardous materials and will have organized hazard control and prevention system in place and comly with all the applicable provisions of the following statutes; 1. The Factories Act, 1948 and Gujarat Factories Rules, 1995 2. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (Amendment) Rules, 2000. 3. Petroleum Act, 1934 & Petroleum Rules, 2002 4. Static & Mobile Pressure Vessel (U) Rules, 1981 5. Public Liability Insurance Act & Rules, 1986 Chapter-7: Additional Studies

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In Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA), risk has been analyzed using methodology called Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment (HIRA). Hazard will be identified considering the following The physical and chemical properties of hazardous chemicals Storage conditions and modes of storage (Drum storage area, above ground storage i.e. tank farm area / underground storage etc.) Hazard ranking by threshold quantity of toxicity and NFPA code

Hence, all these components are to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for an unplanned consequence of events, which can lead to an accident. While designing the proposed project the detailed hazard identification will be carried out to ensure plant operation in safely manner. After completion of designing stage or once the design criteria are well established for proposed project, hazard identification methods to be used for the proposed project are listed below:

A. Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP): HAZOP refers to HAZard and OPerability studies. HAZOP is a structured and systematic technique for examining a defined system, with the objective of identifying potential hazards and operability problems in the system. The concept involves investigating how the plant might deviate from the design intent.

For the proposed project HAZOP study will be conducted at design stage i.e. while detailed designing of plant and processes are carried out. During HAZOP study, each pipeline as well as reaction vessel, storage tank, product and raw material storage area will be evaluated by considering certain limitations and deviations in flow, temperature, pressure, etc. All possible causes of deviation which gives the idea about severity of consequence arising from each type of deviation will be identified and accordingly designing of suitable safety measures for plant, utility and tank farm area will be incorporated in design.

B. Fault-Tree Analysis (FTA): Fault- tree analysis (FTA) is logical structure displaying the relationship between an undesired potential event (top event) and all its probable causes in form of graphs/ trees. It starts with a potential undesirable event - top event and determining all the ways in which it can occur.

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For the proposed project, FTA will be carried out by considering top events like fire or toxic hazards, explosion of reactors, boiler, rupture of vessels, loss of pressure in reactor, over pressurization of reactor and boiler, collapse of major plant machinery, overheating of boiler or reactors etc.

C. Event Tree Analysis (ETA): Event tree analysis is a method to illustrate the intermediate and final outcomes which may arise after the occurrence of a selected initial event. ETA identifies the sequences of event following an initiating event that results in accident.

For the proposed project, ETA will be carried out by considering some initial event (bottom) like pipeline rupture and pump failure carrying Acids or flammable liquid, failure of rector stirring, failure of cooling/heating media circulation, stoppage of motor, mistake of worker/operator. With each ETA mitigation measures will be designed and adopted to minimize the probability of the undesired event.

D. HAZAN, Hazard Analysis: Hazard analysis is the initial study to determine hazard causes, effects and control. Hazard analysis includes analysis of mechanism of hazard occurrence and analysis of consequence which includes numbers of injury, fatality, property damage and other losses.

For proposed project, HAZAN has been carried out by considering storage details of raw material to get an idea of necessary safety measures for operation and environmental risk control. Analysis of mechanism of hazard occurrence for proposed project and consequence Analysis has been carried out in Section 7.6.3 of this chapter.

7.3.1. Hazard Identification and Safety Management for storage of Hazardous Chemicals The inventory of hazardous material in the storage area is significantly larger than the inventory involved in the process, hence storage tanks has been selected for consequence calculations. The chemical properties of each raw material along with its hazard identification are listed in Annexure 19.

Many raw materials required for manufacturing of the proposed products fall under the definition of hazardous material/ chemicals as per MSIHC Rules, 2000. None of the

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Physical characteristic as well as hazardous details of raw materials and products in form of MSDS are enclosed in Part 3 of EIA report. Out of the 69 chemicals required for manufacturing of proposed products, 12 Hazardous chemicals are given in Table 7.1 and in Annexure 19 and are identified for conducting risk assessment as per their characteristic. Hazardous areas identified with view point of their storage within the proposed plant are highlighted in Figure 7.1.

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Figure 7.1: Identification of hazardous areas

Legend

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Table 7.1: Details of hazardous chemical identified for risk assessment

Details of Storage Unit Threshold Value of Toxicity, ppm $NFPA Code Type Of Sr. Hazardous hazard No. chemicals *Std. Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 H F R S identified IDLH Type Temp. # Cap. Cap. Max. Storage Press. & Size of Storage Storage Storage 1. Acetic acid Drum 0.2 KL 1 KL Amb. ERPG 5 35 250 50 3 2 0 - Toxicity, Fire 2. Cyclohexane Drum 0.2 KL 2 KL Amb PAC 300 1700 10000 1300 1 3 0 - Toxicity, Fire 3. Dimethyl Formamide Drum 0.2 KL 10 KL Amb AEGL NA 91 530 500 2 2 0 - Toxicity, Fire 4. Ethyl Acetate Tank 10 KL 20 KL Amb. PAC 1200 1700 10000 2000 1 3 0 - Toxicity, Fire Toxicity, 5. Hydrochloric Acid Tank 12.5 KL 12.5 KL Amb. AEGL 1.8 22 100 50 3 0 1 - Corrosivity 6. Hydrogen Cylinder 50 kg 3 MT Amb. PAC 65000 230000 400000 NA 0 4 0 - Fire 7. Isopropyl Alcohol Tank 12.5 KL 37.5 KL Amb. PAC 400 2000 12000 2000 1 3 0 - Toxicity, Fire 8. Methanol Drum 12.5 KL 12.5 KL Amb. AEGL 530 2100 7200 6000 1 3 0 - Toxicity, fire 9. Methyl Amine Gas Cylinder 50 Kg 1 MT Amb. AEGL 15 64 350 100 3 4 0 - Toxicity, Fire 10. Methylene Dichloride Tank 12.5 KL 25 KL Amb. AEGL 200 560 6900 NA 2 1 0 0 Toxicity, Fire 11. Thionyl Chloride Drum 0.2 KL 2 KL Amb. AEGL N/A 2.4 14 NA Toxic 12. Toluene Tank 12.5 KL 75 KL Amb. AEGL 67 560 3700 500 2 3 0 - Toxicity, Fire *PAC: Protective Actions Criteria for Chemicals, ERPG: Emergency response planning guideline, AEGL: Acute exposure guideline level #IDLH: Immediate Danger to Life and Health $ NFPA: National Fire Protection Association (H- Health, F-Flammability, R-Reactivity, S-Specific hazard)

For the storage of certain hazardous chemicals, a license will be required from Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization (PESO) as per the details given in Table 7.2. Unit will apply for obtaining license from PESO for the storage of chemicals for the proposed project.

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Table 7.2: Applicability of licence from PESO

Sr. Storage Name of Chemicals Classification Licensing Authority Applicable Act / Rule No. Max. Qty. Type Class B 1 Dimethyl Formamide 10 KL Bulk (2500 Lit) District Authority 2 Methanol 12.5 KL Bulk The Petroleum Act, 1934 & 3 Toluene Class A 75 KL Bulk The Petroleum Rules 1976 4 Isopropyl Alcohol (300 Lit) 37.5 KL Bulk Circle / Sub Circle Office 5 Ethyl Acetate 20 KL Bulk (Chief Controller of Gas Cylinder The Petroleum Act, 1934 & 6 Hydrogen Gas 3 MT Bulk Explosive) (50 kg) Static & Mobile Pressure Gas Cylinder Vessel (U) Rules, 1981 Gas 7 Monomethylamine gas 1 MT Bulk (50 kg) Cylinder Rules, 2004

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Unit will adopt adequate safety measures for transportation, storage & handling (spillage and leakage) for various hazardous chemicals in the proposed plant. These measures are listed as follows.

A. General safety measures for transportation, storage & handling (spillage & leakage) Layout and location of hazardous chemical storage tank as per natural and mechanical ventilation. Storage of hazardous chemicals based on their compatibility characteristics. Provision of display boards on all storage tanks showing name of chemicals, material of construction, calibration of tanks and date of painting. Installation of level indicators on all storage tanks to know the exact liquid level inside the tank and to avoid the accidental spillage or overflow. Provision of On-site detectors for fire based on heat &/or smoke detection with alarm system as required. Installation of Gas detectors at prominent places in the production plant and raw material storage area for implementation of LDAR programme. Provision of dyke walls and transferring pumps on all the storage area for the hazardous chemicals which helps to reduce the risk of tank leakages. Provision of spare barrels/tanks of sufficient quantity for any emergency spillage or leakage. Regular inspection of all the drums/tanks of hazardous chemicals and damaged drums for separation and disposal to avoid the possibility of catastrophic rupture. Provision of double earthing to all storage tanks to prevent the firing due to static charges. Regular inspection of earthing pit. Installation of on-site detectors for fire, based on heat &/or smoke detection, with alarm system as required. Periodic calibration and maintenance of all equipments related to hazardous chemical storage. Installation of NRV on all pump discharge lines. Insertion of heavy-duty gaskets to all pipe joints to prevent any leakage. Thorough examination of piping for transfer of hazardous chemicals on yearly basis for finding out any defects and rectify the same in due time. Maintain record of such examination.

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Use of drum trolley for the movement of drums of hazardous chemicals to avoid accident due to manual error. Display SOP for handling of hazardous chemicals in local language for safe operating procedure. Implement standard procedure for safe unloading of road tanker. Provision of static earthing for tanker unloading. Mount muffler on silencer of tanker during entering in factory premises. Declare entire plant area as “NO SMOKE ZONE.” Provision of On-site detectors for fire based on heat &/or smoke detection with alarm system as required.

Specific safety measures for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals to be followed and implemented are listed as follows:

B. Storage and handling of Hydrogen Gas Mark cylinder with standard colour code (Red colour without any band). Storage in a well-protected, well-ventilated, dry area and separate from combustible materials. Take care so that cylinder temperature does not exceed 52 °C. Separate cylinders from oxygen cylinders or other oxidizers by a minimum distance of 20 ft, or by a barrier of noncombustible material at least 5 ft. Storage of cylinders in upright position with valve protection cap in place and firmly secured to prevent falling or being knowcked over. Provision of suitable hand truck for movement of cylinder to avoid physical damage from rolling, sliding or dropping accidently. Keep away from all possible sources of ignition and make all electrical equipments explosion proof. Open cylinder valve only after connection is made in order to avoid self-ignition of hydrogen. Check leakages with leak detection solutions, never with flames. Design piping and equipments adequately to withstand pressure to be encountered. Use of check valve and other protective apparatuses in any line or piping from the cylinder to prevent reverse flow. Use of only non-sparking tools and equipment.

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Wear an approved respirator, chemical resistant gloves and safety goggles and other protective clothing while handling Hydrogen. Strict prohibition of sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames where hydrogen is handled. Follow safety recommendations and safe operating procedures by persons handling hydrogen. Storage of empty cylinders in separate area from filled cylinders. Fix an ‘EMPTY’ tag on cylinders immediately upon emptying.

C. Storage and handling of Monomethylamine gas Storage in a well-protected, well-ventilated, dry area and separate from combustible materials Keep away from all possible sources of ignition and make all electrical equipments explosion proof. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of Methylamine. Wear an approved respirator, chemical resistant gloves and safety goggles and other protective clothing while handling methylamine. Follow safety recommendations and safe operating procedures by persons handling methylamine.

D. Storage and handling of Methanol Labeled properly and keep in a cool and well-ventilated designated storage area. Paint outside of methanol tanks with heat reflecting paint to reduce vapor losses from the tanks. Provision of proper earthing to prevent static electricity from accumulating. Avoid all possible sources of ignition and no welding & cutting activity in nearby area. Equip tank vent with flame arrester. Give proper handling training considering physical, chemical and flammable properties of methanol. Availability of Safe methanol handling procedure.

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E. Storage and handling of Thionyl Chloride Label properly and store in a cool, well-ventilated and fire-resistant area in a tightly closed container. Container must be equipped with a pressure-relief valve. Keep containers separated to avoid contact with water, moisture, strong acid, Amines, alcohol and metals since violent reaction can occur in case of contact. Transfer of chemical by mechanical seal pump through fixed pipeline as far as possible. Installation of explosion proof electrical service in storage areas. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabeled containers. Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous. Do not reuse container. Avoid all possible sources of ignition. Availability of safe handling procedure for storage. Availability of MSDS. Provision for emergency showers and eyewash fountains in the unloading area in case of accidental skin or eye contact. Provision of necessary PPEs like self-breathing apparatus, helmet, safety goggles, face mask, hand gloves and safety shoes etc. for all workers.

F. Storage and handling of Solvents & other Organic Chemicals Storage for sealed drums out of direct sunlight and remote from sources of heat to avoid generation of pressure. Paint outside of solvent storage tanks with heat reflecting paint to reduces vapor losses from tanks. Storage of drums at ground level and take measures to prevent corrosion of the drum base. Availability of adequate ventilation to ensure that in case of incidental release of solvent (vapor) the vapor concentration is as low as possible, and in any event within the regulatory requirements Transfer of solvent by mechanical seal pump through fixed pipeline as far as possible.

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Loading and unloading under nitrogen blanket to exclude moisture. If moisture could enter into the container via seals or valves, blanket it by slight overpressure of Nitrogen. Pump unloading using secured dry connections and vapor return lines preferred for larger containers. Fitting of atmospheric vent of the tank with air dryer in order to prevent moisture from entering the storage tank and equip it with flame arrestor. Fitting of a pressure-vacuum relief valve of stainless steel, cast iron or brass to avoid oxidation. It prevents damage to the tank if the vent becomes blocked. Construction of dyke walls around storage tanks to keep liquid from flowing out in case of damage to tank. Provision of emergency showers and eyewash fountains in the unloading area in case of accidental skin or eye contact. Availability of safe handling procedure for storage of solvents.

G. Storage and handling of Concentrated Acid Storage of all acids in chemically compatible containers and properly marked with hazardous symbol. Provision of suitable level indicator for storage and day tanks. Provision of all acid containers with containment tray. Provision of emergency transfer arrangements for transferring material into another tank.

7.3.2. Hazard Identification, Safety Management for Manufacturing Process and Allied Operations

Critical safety measures are the most important aspect of selection of process technology to ensure safety in production unit. For the safety in production area, some important critical safety measures must be provided within the process technology/ equipment itself. The details of the general and specific safety measures adopted for manufacturing process and allied operations are as below.

A. General safety measures and Preventive Maintenance for Process Units and Allied Operations Any reaction upsets to be confined to the reaction vessel itself. Charge defined quantity of raw materials to the reaction vessel/Day tank by metering pumps/load cells.

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Define process parameters control as per Standard Operating Procedures. Connect all reaction vents to either vapor condensers system or gaseous scrubber system. Engagement of trained persons for handling of processes and provision of proper PPEs. Examine all the vessels periodically by a recognized competent person. Earthing of all the vessels, equipments and drums to protect against static electricity. Disconnect all the motors and pull out fuse before any maintenance work. Purging of empty process equipments with Nitrogen and Air before cleaning or maintenance. Installation of temperature indicators on all reactors and distillation systems. Display caution note, safety posters, stickers, periodic training and updates in safety and emergency preparedness plan. Availability of all the necessary fire fighting equipments in plant area. Availability of persons to be contacted, in case of emergency, at prominent places of the unit.

B. Reactor Charging Charging of raw materials in a reactor having mechanical seal and safety devices. Check reactor for any leakages before process initiation. Proper assessment by using reactivity and reaction data from laboratory experiments or past experiences and evaluate to prevent accidents due to exothermic reactions. Charging of raw materials through permanent lines for avoiding direct contact.

C. Distillation At the time of carrying out distillation of crude product there is possibility of organic vapour release and spillage of crude material from the system. Regular monitoring of distillation column pressure and temperature data and evaluate assessment of properties of solvent to avoid fire/explosion scenarios. Loss of cooling media in the condenser system could lead to increase in vapor/gases of distillate and rise in temperature and pressure could trigger decomposition of substance in the column. Therefore, continuously monitor cooling media circulation.

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Loss of vacuum in the Column could increase boiling point of the mixture and could trigger decomposition in reboiler. Monitor and calibrate vacuum and temperature gauges at regular intervals to avoid vacuum loss.

D. Filtration At the time of separating catalyst from crude product, there is a possibility of hot vapour release or spillage of process material from filter or piping. Availability of trained personnel during separation of process material. Availability of proper collection system in order to avoid dropping of the material on the floor.

E. Drying Cool product material and pass in dryer where thermal energy is required to convert slurry into dry cake formation. Depending on the temperature, the drying takes place below the boiling point or at the boiling point of liquid to be removed. Carry out drying process at particular temperature so as to avoid generation of excess vapor from the crude product, which may be volatile in nature. Monitor and maintain temperature of dyer so as to avoid decomposition of finished product.

7.4. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY PROGRAM The main ill-effects anticipated to the health of workers in proposed project are due to the exposure of toxic chemicals. No other source of adverse effects on occupation health & safety is likely to occur. However, MSDS of hazardous chemicals will be prepared and made available with the management as well as concern personnel working with the materials or area likely to be affected by the materials. Following key safety measure will be followed and implemented for the proposed project. Provision of all necessary equipment like portable detector, online detectors and other laboratory equipments as proposed for regular monitoring of workplace air and other conditions. Implementation of safety policy. Provision of proximity suits and self- breathing apparatus. Provision and compulsory use of necessary PPEs like helmet, safety goggles, face mask, hand gloves and safety shoes etc. for all workers. Provision of ear muffs/ ear plugs to the workers exposed to higher noise level.

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Provision of first-aid boxes (Containing Tincture iodine, Eye Drops, Burnol, Soframycin (ointment), Sterilized cotton wool, Band-aid, Antiseptic Solution (Sevlon), Bandage, Rose Water, etc) at various places in the premises. Organize training program for information on accident prevention, proper control and maintenance of equipment, first aid training and safe material handling practices.

Following measures will be followed and implemented for Occupational Health of the workers. Pre medical checkup at the time of employment and regular medical checkup of employees. Maintain all the records in Form 33 certifying fitness for employment in hazardous process and operation as per Factories Act guidelines. Maintain health register of all the employees in Form 32. Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, ventilation, chemical exposure at frequent intervals and maintain all records as per Factories Act guidelines. Rotation of the workers in different sections of the plant will be carried out to ensure controlled exposure to hazardous materials. Provision of occupational health center (OHC) and part time qualified medical officer as per factories act guidelines Provision of drinking water supply for the employees as per standard of the drinking water as per WHO guidelines. On-site provision of infrastructure facility such as sanitation, toilet blocks, rest area etc. for construction workers as well as during operation phase for casual workers and truck drivers.

7.5. MONITORING PROGRAM Important components for the monitoring of occupational health and safety performance are identified and are given in following Table 7.3.

Table 7.3: Monitoring Program for occupational health and safety

Sr. Components Locations Parameters Frequency No. VOC and As specified under Quarterly Work Place Air 1. 3-5 within plant area Gujarat Factory Rules Quality Gas detector for SO , 2 Continuous HCl and VOC 2. Noise All prominent Noise levels Quarterly

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Sr. Components Locations Parameters Frequency No. locations within the premises Process plant & Volumetric Air change, Ventilation & 3. Chemical storage Room Temperature, Six Monthly Illumination area Light Intensity Vision, Audiometry, Pre-employment Spirometry, Chest Once at the time of check-up Skiagram, Urine, appointment Complete blood count, etc. Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry, Urine, RBS, Occupational Periodical check- 4. Liver function tests (LFT), Once in a year Health up Complete blood count, Anemia, etc. Vision, Audiometry, Post-employment Spirometry, Chest Once at the time of check-up Skiagram, Urine, relieving Complete blood count, etc. Whole unit Safety Audit Yearly At design stage i.e. while designing proposed plant & processes

At pre-start up Utilities stage i.e. when HAZOP Study construction is Manufacturing Operation parameters completed and plant will be evaluated for operation is to be deviation from standard Storage tank started operating condition Farm Area At every 5 years of Risk Assessment plant operation 5. and Hazard Management At the time of plant &/or process modification and upgradation

Event Tree Analysis and Fault Tree After completion/ finalization of plant Analysis Storage tank Sequence of all unit- design. Farm Area process/ operation will At the time of plant be evaluated to identify Reaction vessels &/or process all fault and abnormal modification and condition leading to upgradation abnormal event

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7.6. RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY Chemical process industries have undergone tremendous changes during last five decades. Process conditions such as pressure and temperature have become severe; concentration of stored energy has increased. The scale of possible fire, explosion, toxic release, body injuries and occupational diseases has grown considerably. These factors have greatly increased the risk for major industrial disasters, involving loss of human lives, plant & property and environmental degradation.

Identification analysis and assessment of hazard and risk are very useful in providing information to risk management. It provides basis for what should be the type and capacity of its on-site and off-site emergency plan also what types of safety measures are required. Risk and consequence analysis are carried out by considering storage and handling of various hazardous raw materials, intermediates and products as well as manufacturing process.

The objectives considered for Risk Assessment study are as follows; To assess the risk involved in transporting, storing & processing raw material up to final product. To evaluate the risk and to get the complete view of the available facilities. To take appropriate action to control the incidents. To safe guard employees and people in vicinity. To minimize damage to property and neighboring environment. To inform the employees, general public and Government authority about various types of hazards, assessed risk, safe guards provided, residual risk if any. To inform Police, Fire Brigade, District authority and Statutory authority for providing help during emergency. To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide training to employees through mock rehearsals. To rescue and give treatment to the casualties and to count the number of injured persons. Matrix given in Figure 7.2 describes methodology adopted for Risk Assessment study.

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Figure 7.2: Risk Assessment Methodology

START

Facility, process and meteorological data collection

Listing out hazardous operations & storage details

Identification of failure scenarios & quantification of probable hazard associated for risk assessment

Defining parameters for each chemical and each hazard

Defining release type (continuous / instantaneous) & determine release rate

Simulation of different credible scenario for consequence modeling

Prepare Summary of Credible Scenario

Evaluate potential risk associated to the surrounding

Suggest mitigation measures for the risk associated

END

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7.6.1. Modes of Failure Storages system can fail in different ways depending on the materials stored, storage conditions & may involve systems in their vicinity. Conditions such as over filling, over pressure & missile, lightening or bomb attack, earthquake & resultant replier or release scenarios have been identified. Outcomes of such incidents are determined by presence of ignition either immediate or delayed. As can be seen depending upon modes of failure different scenarios are possible viz:

1. Continuous release 2. Instantaneous release

This may be of gas / liquid depending upon type of material stored/released and its characteristics. More examples, a liquid boiling at ambient conditions, will immediately be converted to gas upon exposure to atmosphere.

An instantaneous release is any release occurring for a period less than 15 seconds. Failure mode responsible for instantaneous releases may be catastrophic failure of road tanker. For an instantaneous gas release, important parameters are release height & quantity released whereas for instantaneous liquid release, important parameters are amount spilled, spill area & pool temperature, evaporation rate, vapour mass etc.

Continuous release occurs when the material is released over a period greater than 15 seconds. For a continuous gas release, important parameters include height of leak above ground, emission rate & total time of release. For continuous liquid release, important parameters are spill rates, duration, area & pool temperature, evaporation rate and vapor mass or Gas mass.

7.6.2. Maximum Credible Accident / Catastrophic Failure and Its Mitigation Measure A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterized as the worst credible accident. In other words: an accident in an activity, resulting in the maximum consequence distance that is still believed to be possible. An MCA-analysis does not include a quantification of the probability of occurrence of the accident. Another aspect, in which the pessimistic approach of MCA studies appears, is the atmospheric condition that is used for dispersion calculations. Flow chart given in Figure 7.3 is considered for modeling various scenarios for accidental release of chemical.

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Figure 7.3: Accidental release of chemical

The Maximum Credible Loss (MCL) scenarios have been developed for the Facility. The MCL cases considered, attempt to include the worst “Credible” incidents-what constitutes a credible incident is always subjective. Nevertheless, guidelines have evolved over the years and based on basic engineering judgment, the cases have been found to be credible and modeling for assessing vulnerability zones is prepared

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accordingly.

The objective of the study is Emergency planning; hence only holistic & conservative assumptions are used for obvious reasons. Hence, though the outcomes may look pessimistic, the planning for emergency concept should be borne in mind whilst interpreting the results.

In Consequence analysis, geographical location of the source of potential release plays an important role. Consideration of a large number of scenarios in the same geographical location serves little purpose if the dominant scenario has been identified and duly considered. The Consequence Analysis has been done for selected scenarios by ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmosphere: Version 5.4.7) of EPA.

ALOHA models key hazards like toxicity, flammability, thermal radiation (Heat), and over pressure (expansion blast force) related to chemical releases that result in toxic gas dispersion, fire and/or explosion.

7.6.3. Consequences Analysis From the proposed raw materials, chemicals listed in Table 7.1 have been taken for the consequence analysis considering their hazardous / flammable / toxic nature. Details of these chemicals in the form of MSDS are enclosed as Part 3 of EIA.

7.6.3.1. Possible Accident Scenario

Different possible ways of occurrence of any accidents due to storage/usage of above hazardous chemicals are prescribed here below;

Scenario-A: Release of chemical due to leakage and form evaporating puddle (Not burning) Scenario-B: Release of chemical due to leakage and form burning puddle (Pool fire) Scenario-C: Release of chemical due to catastrophic failure (BLEVE)

Atmospheric conditions assumed at the time of accidents are mentioned in Table 7.4.

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Table 7.4: Atmospheric Condition Assumed

Particulars Details Wind 3.5 m/s Ground Roughness Urban Cloud Cover 5 tenths Air Temperature 35° C Stability Class C Relative Humidity 50%

Detailed Maximum Credible Accident scenarios for hazardous chemical is given in Annexure 20. 7.6.3.2. Summary of MCA Scenarios Summary of different credible accident scenarios for prediction of risk are given in Table 7.5. Table 7.5: Summary of MCA Scenarios *SCENARIO B *SCENARIO C SCENARIO A Thermal Radiation Thermal Radiation from Sr. Hazardous Toxic Threat Zone, m from pool fire / jet fire, Catastrophic Rupture, No. Chemicals m m Red Orange Yellow Red Orange Yellow Red Orange Yellow 1. Acetic acid <10 43 119 NA NA NA 41 60 96 2. Cyclohexane <10 <10 19 <10 <10 <10 71 100 157 Dimethyl 3. <10 <10 NA NA NA NA 56 80 127 Formamide 4. Ethyl Acetate <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 186 268 421 5. Hydrochloric Acid 27 61 218 NA NA NA NA NA NA 6. Hydrogen Gas <10 <10 21 24 -- 60 NA NA NA 7. Iso propyl Alcohol <10 <10 13 <10 <10 <10 218 311 487 8. Methanol <10 <10 20 <10 <10 <10 174 251 397 9. Methyl Amine Gas 74 179 383 11 - 22 NA NA NA Methylene 10. 15 68 133 <10 <10 <10 88 152 256 Dichloride 11. Thionyl Chloride 105 257 --- NA NA NA NA NA NA 12. Toluene <10 <10 40 <10 <10 <10 261 369 576 *THERMAL RADIATION INTENSITY Red: 10 kW/sq.m. (Potentially lethal within 60 sec) Orange: 5.0 kW/sq. m. (2nd Degree burn within 60 sec) Yellow: 2.0 kW/sq. m. (Pain within 60 sec)

Figure 7.4 and Figure 7.5 shows risk contours plotted on plant layout, which is super imposed on the google map for scenarios of toxic threat zone, Flammable threat zone and thermal radiation threat zone of catastrophic rupture respectively.

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Figure 7.4: Toxic threat zone of all the chemicals considered

Figure 7.5: Flammable threat zone of all the chemicals considered

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Figure 7.6: Threat zone of catastrophic rupture of all the chemicals

F Maximum distance of Toxic threat zone is observed at 383 m from leakage of Methyl Amine gas, which is confined within the proximity of project site where there is no permanent habitat exist. F Maximum distance of thermal radiation from flammable threat is observed at 60 m from leakage of Hydrogen gas, which is confined within the project site. F Maximum distance of thermal radiation from catastrophic rupture is observed at 576 m from leakage of Toluene, which is confined within the proximity of project site where there is no permanent habitat exist. F There will be no threat to nearby habitation located at a distance of 1.6 km from project site from toxic, flammable and explosive hazard due to leakage of hazardous chemicals.

7.7. RISK MITIGATIVE MEASURES

Risk is rated based on likelihood of various consequence. A risk matrix is prepared based on findings of likelihood of an event with various consequences involved which is given in Table 7.6.

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Table 7.6: Risk matrix for emergency management

Consequence / Severity Risk Rating = Insignificant Minor / Major / Severe / Moderate Probability x Severity / Negligible Marginal Critical Catastrophic 1 2 3 4 5 Highly Unlikely 1 1 2 3 4 5

Unlikely 2 2 4 6 8 10

Somwhat Likely 3 3 6 9 12 15

Likely 4 4 8 12 16 20

Likelihood / Probability Certain 5 5 10 15 20 25

Based on calculated risk rating, level of an emergency can be defined and in the event of accident management can take necessary steps as per the standard operating procedure. Details of level of emergency associated with above risk rating is given in Table 7.7. Table 7.7: Levels of emergency associated with risk rating

Type of Emergency Management Risk Criteria Alert Code Emergency Risk Rating Acceptance Any incident which is Minor in nature. No On-site impact. potential risk of threatening lives or facilities in Within the the plant. i.e. Minor fires which can be capability of Unit at extinguished easily. Plant Level and can 1 - 4 Low I be managed with Minor gas or toxic releases which can be routine procedure. isolated within short period of time, Minor spillage of hazardous materials which can be contained by dike or absorbent materials

Any incident which is Major / Serious in nature. On-site impact. Potential risk of threatening lives, facilities or Acceptable risk buildings on-site or off-site. i.e. Fire involving within the capability flammable storage tanks or plant equipments, of Unit with 5-12 Medium II Gas or toxic releases of large quantity which Management's can be isolated safely, Spillage of flammable or review. SOP to be hazardous substances which requires followed for substantial resources for cleaning up or mitigation of recovery. associated risk.

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Type of Emergency Management Risk Criteria Alert Code Emergency Risk Rating Acceptance Any incident which is severe / catastrophic in Off-site impact. Off- nature which requires assistance from external site emergency emergency agencies i.e. Major or prolonged fire plan to be followed. involving spread over entire plant or storage area; 13-25 High III Major or prolonged release of gas or toxic releases due to catastrophic failure of process equipment or storage tanks which requires on- site evacuation.

Following precautionary mitigation measures associated with probable risk will be followed and implemented for the proposed project.

A. General Mitigation Measures F Installation of all the equipment as per guidelines of provision of The Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963. F Storage of Hazardous chemicals in small sized multiple containers so as to avoid major hazard associated with large sized containers. F Maintain proper inventory of hazardous chemical and keep buffer stock as minimum as possible. F Proper control of the operating parameters, mainly temperature, vacuums, cooling media circulation, during plant operation. F Common antidots like milk of magnesia, banana, jaggery, glucose and milk etc. are available in case of exposure to toxic chemicals. Details of antidots for other hazardous chemicals are given in MSDS enclosed as part 3 of EIA. F For any case of fire emergency, provision of standard type of Firefighting equipment and fire extinguishers in the storage area as well as required places in the plant. Details of the same are elaborated in Section 7.7 (I). F Provision of water showering system (Automated sprinkling system) to the flammable liquid storage tanks, wherever required to avoid vaporization due to increase in ambient temperature. F Strict prohibition of Smoking inside the factory. F Provision of adequate and suitable personnel protective equipments to the operating workers.

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F Availability of First-Aid facility and First-aid trained person at the time of handling operation.

B. Mitigation measures for leakage of Hydrogen Gas F Cover leaked hydrogen gas by inert gas to stop supply of oxygen gas. F During leakage, only properly trained & protected person remains in the area to handle leakage and restrict entry of others. F Confine leak exposed area either by solid casing or by soft barriers (polyethylene sheets) to limit flammable cloud size. F Provision of recombiners to avoid formation of flammable mixtures formed due to leakage of hydrogen gas.

F In case of fire due to leakage use DCP, CO2 and/ or water type fire extinguisher. F Move leaking cylinder to open air area to detect leakage or allow it to empty, If leakage of hydrogen cannot be stopped.

C. Mitigation measures for leakage of monomethyl amine gas F Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete and restrict entry of others. F Remove all ignition sources. F Stop flow of gas. If the leak cannot be stopped in place, remove the leaking cylinder to a safe place in the open air, and repair leak or allow cylinder to empty.

D. Mitigation measures for leakage of Methanol F Keep methanol container separated to avoid contact with oxidizing agent since violent reaction can occur in case of contact. F Provision of explosion proof electrical equipment and lighting. F Evacuate surrounding area from leakage and shutoff all the ignition sources. F In case of leakage, be advised to move away in perpendicular to the wind direction to avoid direct exposure. F Absorb leakage using an absorbent, non-combustible material such as earth, sand, or vermiculite. Do not use combustible materials such as sawdust. Use a spark- proof tool. F For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use straight streams of water.

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F Provide with self contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing to personnel involved in dealing with it. F Provide proper training to workers for handling. F Only trained personnel are allowed to handle leakage and spillage.

E. Mitigation measures for leakage of Thionyl Chloride F Evacuate surrounding area from leakage and shutoff all the ignition sources. F In case of leakage, be advised to move away in perpendicular to the wind direction to avoid direct exposure. F Do not touch or walk through spilled material Keep away from water. F Provide with self contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing to personnel involved in dealing with it. F Provide proper training to workers for handling of thionyl chloride. F Only trained personnel are allowed to handle leakage and spillage.

F. Mitigation measures for leakage of solvent and hazardous organic chemicals F Allow only trained personnel to handle leakage and spillage. F Provide leak detection system proactively to control the leakage from source only. F Respirators are not as effective as ventilation in protecting workers in most situations. However, allow respirators only in case of insufficient ventilation.

F In case of fire due to leakage, use DCP, CO2 and/ or water type fire extinguisher.

G. Mitigation measures for leakage of concentrated acids F Neutralize Acid leakage by using lime, sodium bicarbonate, soda ash etc. F Absorb acid leakage by using dry earth, sand or other noncombustible materials. F Collect leaked material from dyke as much as possible safely and transfer to emergency tank by pumping. F Allow only trained personnel to handle leakage and spillage. F Use water spray to divert vapor drift and to reduce vapors.

H. Emergency Management Possible emergencies and remedial measures to prevent accident for various scenarios are elaborated in Table 7.8, Table 7.9 and Table 7.10.

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Table 7.8: Possible Emergency - Spillage (Spill Control Plan) Scenario Hazard Possible Remedial measures to prevent Location considered Action to be taken Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Action by Chemical Small Toxic vapour Drum Find out drum leakage SOP for handling will be displayed in Storage spillage Exposure to puncher or Raise alarm immediately for warning local language for safe operating area & drum handling damage, if large spillage observed. procedure. Process operators. wrong Do not enter in confined room if FLP type light fittings shall be Plant Large Fire in case of Storage spillage is inside a confined room. provided. spillage ignition source method. Do not touch any electrical switches Proper ventilation shall be made available within in spillage area. available in Drum storage area. LEL-UEL % Stop all hot work in this area. Proper label and identification board concentration Call fire and Safety department. stickers shall be provided in the Cordon the area. storage area. Evacuate non-essential persons from Proper inventory of hazardous the affected area immediately. chemicals should be maintained and Inform the area in-charge. buffer stock should be kept as Try to control situation at department minimum as possible. level with available resources with full Conductive drum pallets shall be PPEs. provided. Identify the spillage material and refer Drum handling trolley / stackers/fork MSDS for control plan. lift shall be used for drum handling. Segregate leakage drum from the Materials shall be stored as per its area. Compatibility study and separate Inform the Site Main Controller (SMC) area shall be made available for in detail. flammable, corrosive and toxic Open all doors and windows in this chemical drums storage. area. Dyke wall will be provided to area Take decision to declare onsite where hazardous chemicals will be emergency. stored. Spill control and neutralization team Smoking and other spark, flame member try to control spread material generating items shall be banned in more area by absorbing material from the entry Gate. and dry sand. NFPA & GHS labels shall be If material is toxic or any other provided on drums for hazard flammable and toxic chemical, special identification of the chemicals.

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Scenario Hazard Possible Remedial measures to prevent Location considered Action to be taken Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Action by precautions needs to be taken as per Exhaust shall be provided at ground chemical expert Key person guide level in drum storage area. line. Drum loading unloading procedures Do not spray water or Foam on are prepared and implemented. spilled material. Liquid chemicals will be transferred Do not drain spilled material in any by mechanical seal pump through trench. closed pipeline. Collect the spilled material in close container and send to ETP for further neutralization of the residual contents. Administer first aid to the victim. Make arrangement to send injured person/s to Hospital. If off site emergency situation occurs, inform to following agencies Request for Mutual aiders, local authorities like DISH office, Collectorate office, Disaster management cell, Police, fire brigade, nearby hospital, local GPCB office

Table 7.9: Possible Emergency - Fire Scenario Hazard Possible Remedial measures to prevent Location considered Action to be taken Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Action by Chemical Small Fire in drum Drum Raise fire siren or shout SOP for handling will be displayed in Storage spillage storage area / leakage or Fire…Fire….Fire… local language for safe operating area, tank farm damage, Evacuate the area immediately. procedure. Process Large BLEVE of drums Inform the area in charge. FLP type light fittings shall be Plant and spillage / tanks Improper Inform Incident Controller in detail. provided. Utilities storage Call fire department immediately and Proper ventilation shall be made Method. help them in fire fighting. available in Drum storage area. Try to control situation at department Proper label and identification board Ignition level with available respiratory and stickers shall be provided in the Chapter-7: Additional Studies

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Scenario Hazard Possible Remedial measures to prevent Location considered Action to be taken Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Action by source like non- respiratory PPEs. storage area. electrical If it is found uncontrollable condition Conductive drum pallets shall be source, by department level, inform Site provided. Friction etc. Main Controller for onsite emergency Drum handling trolley / stackers/fork situation. lift shall be used for drum handling. BLEVE due Declare on site emergency, if Materials shall be stored as per its to required. Compatibility study and separate overpressure Remove unburned drums from the area shall be made available for in drum / site if possible without any risk. flammable, corrosive and toxic tank Start fire hydrant system or water chemical drums storage. hose reel and spray water on Smoking and other spark, flame uninvolved drums in fire for cooling generating items shall be banned purpose. from the entry Gate. Do not enter in fire prone area. NFPA labels shall be provided on If fire found uncontrollable condition drums for hazard identification of the call fire brigade and mutual aider for chemicals. help. Exhaust shall be provided at ground In case of BLEVE fire, immediate level in drum storage area. evacuate the area up to 50 meters of Drum loading unloading procedures the area surrounding. shall be prepared and implemented. All hazardous activates stop at site. Inform nearby company to remove hazardous material or inventory from the compound wall. Ensure search and rescue and causalities receive attention. Administer first aid to the victim. Make arrangement to send injured person/s to Hospital and inform victim’s family. If off site emergency situation occur –Inform to following agencies. Request for Mutual aiders, local authorities like – DISH office, Chapter-7: Additional Studies Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. Page | 7.43

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Scenario Hazard Possible Remedial measures to prevent Location considered Action to be taken Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Action by Collectorate office, Disaster management cell, Police, fire brigade, nearby hospital, local GPCB office.

Table 7.10: Possible Emergency – Toxic Gas Release

Location Hazard Possible Action to be taken Remedial measures to prevent Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident Chemical Potential injury / Toxic Gas Release Activate audio visual alarm Provide accurate gas monitoring Storage fatality from Reactor / Heater Failure, Evacuate the area immediately. system on site. area & large release Leakage in Process Line, Inform the area in charge. Minimize on-site storage Process Plugging of reactor outlet, Inform Incident Controller in detail. Develop procedure for tank Plant leakage in pipeline Call fire department immediately and inspection and maintenance help them in fire fighting. Develop purge system to remove Try to control situation at department gas to another tank. level with available resources with Provide temperature control inside full PPEs. reactor with automatic shut-down of If it is found uncontrollable condition gas flow to the reactor. by department level inform Site Main Design collection system to remove Controller for onsite emergency and purify/recycle or discard situation. unreacted gas. Declare on site emergency if Design control system to detect required. excess gases in exhaust and shut All hazardous activates stop at site. down gas flow. Inform nearby company to remove Provide control system to detect hazardous material or inventory from extreme temperature variations and the compound wall. activate backup cooling system. Ensure search and rescue and Diver flow to temporary storage tank causalities receive attention. Provide relief valve on reactor with Administer first aid to the victim. outlet to a temporary storage tank Make arrangement to send injured SOP for handling will be displayed in person/s to Hospital and inform local language for safe operating victim’s family. procedure. Chapter-7: Additional Studies

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Location Hazard Possible Action to be taken Remedial measures to prevent Consequence Causes recurrence of such incident If off site emergency situation occur Provide training to employees in the –Inform to following agencies. area. Request for Mutual aiders, local authorities like – DISH office, Collectorate office, Disaster management cell, Police, fire brigade, nearby hospital, local GPCB office.

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I. Fire fighting System Adequate fire fighting system will be provided for the proposed project. F Sufficient numbers of fire extinguisher will be installed in the Plant and storage area. The details of fire control equipments are given in Table 7.11.

Table 7.11: Details of fire extinguishers Sr. Type Capacity Quantity No. 1 CO2 4.5 kg 10 2 DCP 6 Kg 6 50 Lit 5 3 Mechanical Foam 9 Lit 5 4 Fire stand storage Bucket 5 Lit 10

F Adequate nos. of fire hydrants will be installed in various sections of the proposed plant. F Separate underground fire water tank of 176 KL will be provided with Main Pump, Jockey Pump and Diesel pump. Details of fire water pump is given in following table 7.12

Table 7.12: Details of fire water pump Sr. Location Types Capacity Quantity No. 1 Fire Jockey Pump 11 m3/Hr, 70 m head 1 2 pumping Main Pump 137 m3/Hr, 70 m head 1 3 Area Diesel Pump 137 m3/Hr, 70 m head 1

F Adequate numbers of smoke detector, flame detector, explosive gas detector and heat detector with alarm will be provided. Automatic sprinkling system will be installed at various suitable locations. Details for the same is given in following Table 7.13. Table 7.13: Details of provision for fire-fighting system Sr. Particular Location No. 1. Smoke Detector Process Plant Hazardous chemical storage area

Admin building, canteen 2. Flame Detector Hazardous chemical storage area Process Plant 3. Explosive Gas Detector Hazardous chemical storage area 4. Heat Detector Hazardous chemical storage area Admin building, canteen, hazardous chemical 5. Automatic Sprinkling storage area, utility

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F One D.G. Sets of 500 kVA will be provided for emergency power supply. F Mock drill and training will be scheduled and conducted once in six months. F Respiratory PPEs like self-contained breathing apparatus, bubble hood point with air compressor, online respirator and non-respiratory PPEs like PVC apron, gum boot, goggles, rubber hand gloves will be provided in case of fire. F Nearest fire station, Kalol is located at a distance of 10 km from project site. Also, nearby industrial units located within 1 km distance will provide mutual aid for firefighting.

7.8. ONSITE EMERGENCY PLAN AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN As emergency is said to have risen when operators in the plant are not able to cope with a potential hazardous situation i.e. loss of an incident causes the plant to go beyond its normal operating conditions, thus creating danger. When such an emergency evolves, chain of events which affect the normal working within the factory area and / or which may cause injuries, loss of life, substantial damage to property and environment both inside and around the factory takes place and a DISASTER is said to have occurred.

The primary purpose of the on-site emergency plan is to control and contain the incident and so as to prevent from spreading to nearby plant. It is not possible to cover every eventuality in the plant and successful handling of emergency will depend on appropriate action and decisions being taken on the spot. Detailed on-site emergency plan is prepared as per MSIHC Rules, 2000 and is enclosed as Annexure 21.

7.9 OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

The Off-site emergency plan will be made based on events, which could affect people and Environment outside the premises. The off-site plan is largely a matter of ensuring the co- ordination of proposed services and their readiness as far as possible, for the specific hazards and problems, which may arise in as incident. Briefly two main purposes of the plan are as under: F To provide the local district authorities, police, fire brigade, doctors etc. the basic information of risk and environmental impact assessment and to appraise them of the consequences and the protection / prevention measures and control plans and to seek their help to communicate with the public in case of major emergency.

F To assist the district authorities for preparing the off-site emergency plan for the district or particular area. We have made our key personnel and other fully aware about this aspect. The function of the off-site plans is as under:

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Structure of the off-site emergency plan includes the following: -

F Organizational set up-Incident controller /Site main controller, Key personnel, etc F Communication facilities - List of important telephones F Specialized emergency equipment - Firefighting equipment F Specialized Knowledge - Trained people F Voluntary Organization - Details of organization F Chemical information - MSDS of hazardous substances F Meteorological information - Weather condition, Wind velocity etc F Humanitarian arrangement - Transport, First aid, Ambulance

Role of the factory management The on-site and off-site plans shall come into effect together so that emergency services can be called upon at the appropriate time and are provided with accurate information and a correct assessment of situation. Role of local authority Generally, the duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authority. They may have appointed an emergency planning officer (EPO) to prepare whole range of different emergency within the local authority area.

Role of fire authority The control of a fire is normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who would take over the handling of fire from the Incident Controller on arrival at the site.

Role of police The overall control of an emergency is normally assumed by the police with a senior officer designated as emergency coordinating officer. Formal duties of the police during emergency include protection of life and property and controlling traffic movements.

Role of health authorities Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances etc. have a vital role to play following a major accident and they should form an integral part of the emergency plan. Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipments and facilities in addition to those available locally.

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Role of the “Mutual aid” agencies Some types of mutual aids are available from the surrounding factories, as per need, as a part of the on-site and off-site emergency plan.

Role of the factory inspectorate In the event of an accident, the factory inspector will assist the District Emergency Authority for information and help in getting mutual aid from surrounding factories.

Unit will maintain the records of details of emergency occur, corrective preventive measures to be taken. Unit will display the details like list of assembly points, name of the persons involve in the safety team like site controller, incident controller etc.

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CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 8 PROJECT BENEFITS

This chapter illustrates beneficial points to the surrounding area or community in terms of infrastructural development, social development, boosting employment and other tangible benefits due to proposed activities.

8.1 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY Total 120 persons are expected to be employed for the skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled category for the proposed project for the various job categories. The preference will be given to local population for employment in the semi-skilled and unskilled category; this will increase the employment opportunity in the surrounding area. Secondary jobs and indirect employment are also bound to be generated to provide day-to-day needs and services to the work force and industrial activity. This will also increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market. The employed people will be benefited financially. This financial gain will fulfill their monetary requirements, which in turn will increase their standard of living. At present, overall employment ratio in the study area is 35%. This project may help to increase the direct / indirect employment in the nearby community.

8.2 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY (CER) & SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The unit is aware of the obligations towards the society and to fulfill the social obligations, unit will employ semi-skilled and skilled labor from the nearby villages for the proposed project as far as possible. Unit will also try to generate maximum indirect employment in the nearby villages by appointing local contractors during construction phase as well as during operation phase as well as for transport sector.

Unit will contribute reasonably as part of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) and carry out various activities in nearby villages. Unit will earmark Rs. 80 Lacs (about 2% of the proposed project cost) as part of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) as per MOEF&CC’s OM vide F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III dated 01/05/2018. Various activities under CER will be utilized within Five years after commissioning of project in phase manner. Prior to carry out any community welfare activity, the unit will consult the Village Heads / Grampanchayat and their requirement will be assessed and necessary support will be extended. The company will also associate with and contribute for the various activities in this regard carried out by local Industrial Association and local

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government bodies. An illustrative list of various activities is given here below and a need of CER activities is also identified based on need-based assessment during the EIA study. Based on this study the village-wise budget allocation for various CER activities to be carried out by the unit is prepared and given in Annexure 22. Budget allocation for various areas/filed is given in Table 8.1.

Table 8.1: Budget allocation for various CER activities Budget Allocation, Rs. In Lacs Sr. Areas / Fields st nd rd th th No. 1 2 3 4 5 Total Year Year Year Year Year A Education & Skill Development 3 4 5 6 7 25 B Health 1 1 2 3 3 10 C Water & Sanitation 5 6 7 7 10 35 D Infrastructure Development 1 1 1 1 2 6 Conservation Plan and E -- 1 1 1 1 4 Greenbelt Development Total 10 13 16 18 23 80

A. Education & Skill Development The literacy rate in the study area is found to be 75%, which indicates moderately high level of education is available in the area. However, for the higher educational facilities the community has to commute more than 5 Km. Hence, the unit has proposed to taken following actions for educational necessities: Development of library, science laboratory, computer laboratory, gymnasium etc. in school and play-area in Anganwadi. Award Scholarships/fellowships to deserving students to encourage education. Provision of uniforms, books, stationery, necessary equipment etc to schools. Promote Technical & professional education by giving financial assistance. Promote computer literacy and technology assisted learning. Reducing the drop out of students & absenteeism through counseling & other means. Organize skill development program for sustainable income generation & livelihood for the community like training on scientific agricultural practices, tailoring, embroidery, etc. Vocational training for Youth & Women. Conducting awareness programs to reduce child labor in the villages Promotion of adult education with focus on women’s education

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Financial support and assistance for the development and maintenance of, training institute

B. Health The medical facilities in the study area are very limited. Hence, the unit is planning to help the community through following measures for health benefits: Health awareness campaigns on serious/chronic diseases. Organize free medical check-up camp for the villagers Providing nutritional supplements to lactating mothers, children, adolescent girls and pregnant women. Providing support for the development and maintenance of the health facilities Offering specialized support services to the physically handicapped and mentally challenged people. Promote awareness programs against social evils such as addictions, AIDS etc. and to spread the awareness of legal rights & responsibilities.

C. Water and Sanitation All the villages are having basic source of water available. However, the unit has planned to explore the following measures for community: Provision of safe drinking water in village schools Cleaning of water storage tank in villages and school Provision of dustbin at various places like school, panchayat offices, public place in villages etc. Installation of rain water recharge structures for recharge of ground water in consultation with local govt. at nearby villages. Provision of sanitation facility in the villages by building common toilets Participate in Cleanliness Camp/drive of state government.

D. Infrastructure Development Construction / repair of school buildings, health center, etc. and construction of separate toilets for boys & girls in school. Promotion and development of water shed & rain water harvesting structure Promotion and development of solar street light and solar system Financial support and assistance for the development and maintenance of infrastructure facilities in the region like multispecialty hospital, fire station, training institute, road etc.

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Plantation along the road side and development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.

E. Other Social Welfare Activities Financial & infrastructure assistance during disaster & other crisis incidents Participate & contribute in local religious and social programs Various activities for women empowerment The various activities narrated above are not the exhaustive but illustrative and fund allocated for various areas may also be diverted for other social activities depending up on timely requirements and circumstances.

8.3 DIRECT REVENUE EARNING TO THE NATIONAL AND STATE EXCHEQUER The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the form of Goods & Service Tax (GST), Income tax, Corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area. Demand of the products in foreign market is also significant, which will boost the export potential of the company as well as country and thus will increase the foreign exchange earnings. Export oriented units plays vital role in development of economy as well as local physical infrastructure for further boosting of industrial development with sustainable approach as the industries need to maintain good environment & safety condition to get better foreign market.

8.4 INFRASTRUCTURAL BENEFIT Infrastructural benefits include exposure of infrastructural & technological facilities due to proposed project activity, required for the operation of the unit. The unit will use modernized technologies and infrastructural facilities for proposed activities. So that, nearby public or workers will become aware to new technology commenced or running in the present market and thereby it will also helpful to boost knowledge of employees and locals. Proposed project will also contribute in; Increase in income of local population Development in local amenities facilities Expansion in road link facilities as transportation through truck and other vehicles will increased due to new project

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Development in local civilization

8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS The proposed project will have many employment & trade opportunities with the inception of the construction activities. Thus, these considerable employment and trade opportunities will eventually result in appreciable economic benefits to the local people & businesses / contractors. The unit will also provide vocational training opportunity to the surrounding people and that will develop skills and promote the education activities. The raw materials & finished goods will be moved by truck & tankers which will provide indirect employment to people engaged in this sector. So, unit’s contribution to growth of service sector will increase. Various CER activities to be planned by the company can be considerably beneficial for the health, education, upliftment of poor people, welfare of women & labors, assistance to the disabled people etc. These all together with the economic benefits of the proposed project will result in further benefits in terms of the literacy level, primary and middle level education and on health facilities. A new awareness generated can also have benefits to the social pattern. The long-term implications of this change can be definitely considered as progressive. Overall, the beneficial Impacts due to the proposed project are shown in Figure 8.1

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Figure 8.1: Possible Beneficial Impacts Due to Proposed Project

Project

Socio Economic Development of Environment Greenbelt

Improve Educational Improve Soil Facility Conditioning

Improve Prevent Soil Infrastructural Setup Erosion & improve Landscape

Improve Sanitation Condition & Water Minimize Noise Table Pollution

Improve Community Improve Aesthetic Health Environment

Probability of Temporary, Secondary & Permanent Employment

Enhance Commercial & Economic Status

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CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

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CHAPTER – 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

This chapter aims to discuss about the cost benefit analysis aspect with environmental point of view.

However, it does not necessitate working out the cost benefit analysis as MoEF&CC did not suggest this point during scoping of the project while awarding Terms of Reference (ToRs).

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CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

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CHAPTER – 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1. PRELUDE The main purpose of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to identify project specific actions that will be undertaken by the project authority for mitigation of the specific impacts identified for the proposed project. These actions will be incorporated into project management system and integrated into the implementation at various stages of proposed of project. The EMP describes both generic good practice measures and site-specific measures, the implementation of which is aimed at mitigating potential impact associated with the project activity.

10.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE EMP The main objective of Environmental Management Plan is to warrant that the industrial development in an identified particular study area needs to be entangled with judicious utilization of non-renewable resources and to ensure that the stress/load on the ecosystem is within its permissible assimilative capacity i.e. its carrying capacity. In above context, assimilative capacity refers to the maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged into the environment without affecting the designated use of various environmental attributes and is governed by dilution, dispersion and removal due to physico-chemical and biological process. An effective EMP ensures that these environmental requirements and objectives are satisfied during all phases of project.

The long-term objectives of the EMP for all the environmental attributes are as under: F To comply with all the regulations / applicable laws stipulated by Central & State Pollution Control Boards. F To create good working conditions (devoid of air & noise pollution) for employees. F To rationalize and streamline environmental activities to add value in efficiency and effectiveness. F To encourage and achieve highest performance and response from individual employees and contractors. F To plan out the complete strategy to take care of stakeholder engagement. F Perspective budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management expenditure. F To contribute significantly for sustainable development.

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F To encourage support and conduct developmental works for the purpose of achieving environmental standards and to improve methods of environment management. F Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for a cleaner and better environment.

10.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) The EMP for the proposed project has been designed for the various environmental attributes viz. air, water, land, noise, ecology, socio-economic etc. and the same is presented below in Table 10.1.

Table 10.1: Environmental Management Plan Sr. Activities / Environmental Management Plan No. Aspects Attribute I. Transportation of Raw Materials & Hazardous Chemicals 1 Vehicular Air Structural Measures: pollution and Vehicular movement only during day time will be Fugitive ensured. emissions Transportation by covered vehicles will be ensured. 2 Noise Noise Regular maintenance and optimum use of the pollution vehicles will be ensured. 3 Chemical Land, air, water Educate Driver about the characteristics of chemicals spillage and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident. Procedural Measures: Use of all the PUC certified vehicles. Availability of MSDS of all the Hazardous materials to the Off-site Emergency team. Availability of TREM card with driver during the transportation of hazardous chemicals. II. Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals & Fuel 1 Fugitive Air Structural Measures: emissions Provision of designated storage area with impervious flooring, dyke walls and garland drain to restrict / control accidental spillages/leakages and to prevent contamination of soil /land.

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Sr. Activities / Environmental Management Plan No. Aspects Attribute Provision of adequate ventilation system. Provision of fixed pipeline and pumps with mechanical seal or seamless pump for transfer of liquid raw materials. Provision of Gas detector in process plant and work area. Provision of breather valve, PRVs, rupture disc etc. on storage tanks. Procedural Measures: Good housekeeping to maintain clean and orderly working environment will be ensured. Storage of all the raw materials in designated area 2 Chemical Water, land only to restrict / control the seepage and prevent spillage ground water contamination. Handling of all the chemicals in a proper manner with prescribed procedures to avoid any spillages. Collection and treatment of spillages, if any, with other industrial effluent. Implementation of LDAR program for control and detection of fugitive emission. Work zone monitoring as per the monitoring program. Regular training to the persons handling chemicals. Maintaining minimum stock of hazardous chemicals on-site as far as possible. III. Manufacturing Activities and Operations of Utilities 1 Resource Associated Structural Measures Consumption Environment Installation of flow meter at water intake point and (Water, Fuel, treated effluent discharge / reuse point. Power etc.) Provision of separate energy meter for ETP, MEE / APCM Procedural Measures Maintaining logbook for water, power, raw material, fuel and other resources consumption (for production, ETP, MEE, APCM etc.) Proper and timely oiling, lubrication, preventive maintenance of all plant machinery & equipment. 2 Wastewater Land, water Structural Measures generation, Installation of flow meters at strategic locations to treatment, monitor the effluent quantity and maintenance of the reuse & same. discharge Construction of wall gate at final outlet of storm water to prevent any discharge of contaminated storm Discharge of water. rain water Construction of ETP consisting of primary, secondary (Storm & tertiary treatment. Installation of stripper, MEE & water) RO.

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Sr. Activities / Environmental Management Plan No. Aspects Attribute Procedural Measures: Prepare SOPs for efficient operation of ETP/MEE based on operating guidelines provide by suppliers and ensure strict implementation. Maintain Operational logbook for effluent treatment systems. Supervision of ETP/MEE operation by trained and experienced personnel. Ensure continuous and efficient operation of ETP/MEE and periodical maintenance in line with procedures defined and manuals provided by the supplier. Performance evaluation of installed ETP/MEE as per monitoring program Keep wall gate at storm water completely closed other than monsoon to prevent any discharge of effluent/wash-water in unforeseen situation. Check storm water for any chemical contamination before discharge, if it is found contaminated, re-direct to ETP for treatment Ensure proper discharge of sewage to soak pit through septic tank. Ensure good house-keeping to avoid contamination of storm water. 3 Gaseous Air Structural Measures emission Provision of Multicyclone separator followed by bag (Flue Gas & filter for proposed steam boiler and multicyclone Process Gas) separator for thermic fluid heater with adequate stack height. Provision of adequate APCM (Water followed by two stage Alkali Scrubbers) as described in Section 2.11.2.2) having design consideration to achieve the emission norms prescribed by GPCB for process gas stacks. Provision of stack of adequate height to achieve proper dispersion of gaseous emission so as to have minimal impact of ground level concentration Provision of sampling ports as per guidelines for monitoring of stacks. Procedural Measures: Prepare SOPs for efficient APCM operation based on operating guidelines provide by suppliers. Efficient operation of APCM as per SOPs and maintain operational logbook. Maintain Proper air to fuel ratio for boilers. Supervision of APCM operation by trained and

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Sr. Activities / Environmental Management Plan No. Aspects Attribute experienced personnel. Prepare maintenance schedule for all reactors, other process equipment, utilities and APCM and ensure strict implementation. Carry out periodical monitoring to evaluate the efficiency of APCM as per monitoring program. Ensure regular usage of proper PPE's by workers in the plant. Development of green belt for control of air pollution. 4 Fugitive Air Structural Measures emissions Ensure close manufacturing systems order to minimize fugitive emissions. Connect all reactors to scrubbers and kept under negative pressure as per the process requirement. Provision of dedicated measuring tanks for each reactor. Provision of fume extraction system wherever required. Procedural Measures: Charging of liquid raw material by pumping & closed loop system. Carry out regular work zone monitoring as per the monitoring program. Ensure regular usage of proper PPE's by workers in the plant. 5 Hazardous Land, Water Structural Measures waste Provision of designated hazardous waste storage generation, area with proper roofing and leachate collection. handling and Acquire membership of common hazardous waste management management facility for disposal of hazardous wastes Carryout MoUs with authorized end-users for sale of hazardous waste. Procedural Measures: Collection, storage, handling, transportation and disposal of all the hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Avoid manual handling of hazardous waste. Ensure disposal of hazardous wastes at approved TSDF/CHWIF site with manifest only. Explore technology for cleaner production, waste minimization, treatment / reuse / recycle / co- incineration of wastes. 6 Noise Noise Structural Measures pollution Proper foundation, alignment and installation of rubber padding as well acoustic enclosures for noise and

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Sr. Activities / Environmental Management Plan No. Aspects Attribute vibration generating equipment and machineries Isolation of high noise generating machineries Adequate green belt development to attenuate the noise levels. Procedural Measures Preparation and implementation of preventive maintenance schedule for equipment and machineries Provision of ear plugs / ear muffs to workers working with high noise generating areas “Work permit system” for restricted entry to high noise generating areas Monitoring of noise levels at prominent locations as per monitoring program IV. Green Belt Development 1 Plantation of Water, Air, Structural Measures species Land, Ecology Selection of species to be done considering the soil type as well as tolerance to specific air pollutants expected to generate from plant operations. Adoption of water sprinklers and drip irrigation system Procedural Measures: Allocation of fund for green belt development and maintenance. Survival rate of plant species to be monitored. Maintain greenbelt by regular watering, soil enrichment work (applying organic manure) weeding and providing proper protection. V. CER Activities 1 Generation of Socio economic Give preference to local people for the recruitment. employment Allocation of fund for CER activities opportunity Plan CER activities after carrying out need based analysis and in consultation with village heads based 2 Social welfare on their requirement. activities / Periodical review of fund utilization. Infrastructure development

10.4. GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT PLAN Development of a greenbelt mitigates to a certain extent the potential negative impact on the environment due to dust, air emissions, fugitive emission and noise. A green cover itself acts as containment for dust. Presence of a green belt, lead to micro-climate and soil quality balancing, by retaining of soil moisture, recharge of ground water as well as self-control of micro-climate of that area. It also improves the aesthetic value of the area, later on it becomes the natural habitat of various bird species.

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To maintain the ecological balance, unit will develop green belt in area of 1,920 m2 (33.3% of total plot area) within the project premises. Layout of greenbelt is given in Figure 10.2. Unit proposes to carryout plantation of tress during construction phase, which will be completed within a year. Details of the plant species and budget allocation are given in the Table 10.2 and Table 10.3 respectively. The unit will also participate in the greenbelt development programs outside the premises at nearby villages.

Table 10.2: Details of Plant Species Sr. Total No. of Common Name Scientific Name No. Plant Species 1 Gulmahor Delonix ragia 20 2 Lemon Citrus limon 10 3 Saru Casuarina equisetifolia 5 4 Madhumalati Combretum indicum 5 5 Neem tree Azardirachta indica 40 6 Karanj Pongamia pinnata 10 7 Sevan Gmelina arborea 8 8 Banyan tree Ficus benghalensis 2 Total 100 F Greenbelt Area Sr. Particular Total (m2) No. 1. Tree Covered 1,250 2. Lawn Covered & Shrubs 670 Total Greenbelt Area 1,920

Table 10.3: Budget Allocation for Greenbelt Development Sr. Unit Cost Total Cost Items Unit Quantity No. (Rs.) (Rs.) Capital Investment 1. Soil Filling m3 576 80 46,080 2. Soil Dressing m3 576 15 8,640 No. of 3. Tree Plantation 100 50 5,000 Trees Shrubs (assuming 10% of 4. m2 192 80 15,360 total Greenbelt Area) 5. Lawn/Ground Cover m2 670 70 46,900 6. Irrigation System m 58 150 8,700 Total Capital Investment 1,30,680 Recurring Expenditure No. of 1. Trees 100 100 10,000 Trees 2. Ground Cover & Shrubs m2 862 50 43,100 3. Labor Cost Days 104 300 31,200 Total Recurring Cost Per Annum 84,300

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Figure 10.1: Tentative greenbelt area development

The scenario of planting arrangement and size will be based on the optimum use of available land. Plants suitable to abate the pollution are identified to be local plants.

The general considerations involved while developing the green belt are: Local/native fast-growing trees will be planted. Planting of trees will be undertaken in appropriate encircling rows. Species will be tolerant to air pollutants present in the area mainly dust pollution.

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It will possess extensive foliar area to provide maximum impinging surface for continued efficient adsorption of pollutants. It will be tall in peripheral curtain plantation, with large, spreading canopy in the primary and secondary attenuation zones. It will be able to grow and thrive on soil of areas, be evergreen in habitat having minimum of leaf fall. It will maintain ecological, land and hydrological balance of the region.

10.5. APPLICATION OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (CP) TECHNOLOGY Cleaner Production in recent times has emerged as an attractive proposition to tackle the environmental problems posed by rapid industrialization and is being accepted worldwide. Besides reducing pollution, it also improves the process efficiency, thus reducing the cost of production. Applications of CP mainly focus on preventing or minimizing the generation of waste and gaseous emission. The basic idea of cleaner production is to avoid a problem altogether rather than trying to find remedial measure by adopting proactive approach of waste management. As far as the production processes are concern, CP will be achieved by raw material and energy conservation, by reducing quantum of emission and waste generation. To obtain fruitful results, CP should be implemented by adopting the concept of product modification, source reduction and recycling.

In the proposed project, the unit will implement various techniques of CP in factory premises and put continuous efforts for developing new techniques. Proposed implementation of techniques of CP is described below:

10.5.1 Pollution Prevention F High density polythene bags or drums will be used. Hence, the generation of plastic waste can be reduced. Moreover, discarded bags / container will be decontaminated and reuse/sold. F Unit will maintain the proper inventory of the hazardous chemicals and keeping the buffer stock as minimum as possible. This will help to reduce the possibilities & magnitude of environmental hazards. F There will be periodic arrangement of environmental training program to create understanding among plant personnel towards environment.

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F Unit will manufacture products with maximum yield by using high-quality of raw material and advanced process technology through continuous R&D for the product range being manufactured. F To minimize material wastage, standard SOP will be followed by the unit.

10.5.2 Water Conservation F As a part of water conservation, excess service water taps will not be provided in the plant premises. F Flow meter will be installed at raw water intake. F Mopping will be done for floor cleaning. F High Pressure Jet Pump will be used for the cleaning of equipment, vessel & rector etc. F Water sprinkler system and drip irrigation will be used instead of hose pipe for the green belt development.

10.5.3 Energy Conservation F Installation of roof top solar power grid. F First step to conserve energy is to identify source of energy utilization. F Variable frequency drives (VFD) in pumps, whenever required will be provided to save energy. F Use of low loss transformer instead of conventional transformer. F Proper air to fuel ratio will be maintained for the maximum efficiency of boiler. F Good insulation practice will be adopted to prevent heat losses. F Regular cleaning of the lamps and fixtures will be done to get better illumination in the plant. F To avoid loss of precious quantum of energy, regular maintenance / servicing will be provided to all the equipments. F Unit will plan energy audit regularly as a tool for monitoring purpose.

10.5.4 Reuse / Recycle F Used oil from the plant & machineries will be reused as a lubricant within plant and excess, if any will be sold to authorize recyclers. F Condensate from all the reactor jackets and dryers will be collected and pumped under the steam pressure to the boiler feed water tank. F Recovery and re-use of steam condensate thereby reducing consumption of fuel and water in the boiler.

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10.5.5 Good Housekeeping Good housekeeping means changing existing practices or introducing new ways of operating and maintaining equipment. Proper housekeeping can prevent accidents, spillages and leakages, raw material & product loses. For Good housekeeping, following practices will be adopted. F All the materials will be stored in compatible group. F All pits, sumps will be properly covered or securely fenced. F Appropriate tools will be provided for handling of the materials. F Regular training will be given to all workforces. F All the passages, floors and stairways will be maintained in good condition. The system will be made available to deal with any spillage at the plant. F Sufficient disposable bins will be clearly marked and these will be suitably located in the plant. F In the plant, precaution and instructions will be displayed at strategic locations. Proper working instructions will be given to all the workers in factory. F Roads/walkway within the plant will be maintained neat and clean. Walkways will be clearly marked and free from obstructions.

10.6. BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Capital investment towards the environmental protection, control & mitigation measures will be about Rs. 3.4 Crore for proposed project.

The unit will keep provision for adequate funds aside to meet with regular expenses for the environmental control measures. Recurring cost for environmental management for the ultimate phase of the project is given in Table 10.5. Table 10.5: Environmental Budget Allocation

Capital Cost Recurring Cost Sr. Rs. In Description Rs. In Basis for cost No. Lacs per Basis for cost estimation Lacs estimation Annum Cost of chemicals, power Water Construction and consumption, maintenance 1. Pollution 300.0 Installation of ETP & 350.0 cost of Stripper, MEE, ETP Control Stripper, MEE & RO & RO and Disposal cost for Spray Drying. Installation of Air Pollution Power consumption and 2. 20.0 Multicyclones, bag 5.0 Control maintenance of APCM. filters and scrubbers

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Capital Cost Recurring Cost Sr. Rs. In Description Rs. In Basis for cost No. Lacs per Basis for cost estimation Lacs estimation Annum Construction of Hazardous / storage of hazardous Transportation and disposal 3. Solid Waste 10.0 30.0 waste, membership of cost Management TSDF/CHWIF Acoustic enclosure for Noise 4. 2.0 Boiler, DG Set, Pumps 1.0 Maintenance cost Pollution housing Hiring of panel doctors, Occupational Development of First 5. 2.5 2.0 medical examiners and Health Aid Center expenses Land Leveling, Green Belt Maintenance for greenbelt 6. 1.5 Plantation, Irrigation 1.0 development through hiring agency System Installation Installation of VOC Third party cost for Environmental detector; environmental monitoring 7. 4.0 10.0 Monitoring In-house monitoring and Statutory compliance and testing facilities and chartered services. Execution of various CER Community activities (2% of project cost 8. -- -- 16.0 Welfare ~ 80 Lacs to be utilized within 5 Yrs.) Total 340.0 -- 425.0 --

10.7. DO’S & DON’TS The unit will prepare and maintain checklist of Do’s and Don’ts. The same will be conspicuously posted at the prominent places in the plant premises and it will be ensured by EHS department that all the workers pursue the same in day-to-day working. The list of Do’s and Don’ts related to EHS is given at Annexure 23.

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CHAPTER 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

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CHAPTER 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1. INTRODUCTION

M/s. Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd. is a proposed unit to be located at Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Vil. Indrad, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat for the manufacturing of various Insecticides for veterinary animal health & household use with the total production capacity of 757.2 MT/Annum.

The proposed project is covered under Category 5(b)-A as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), dated 14/09/2006 and subsequent amendments.

The EIA Study has been carried out by Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad, Gujarat which is based on one season field data collected from project site during October 2018 to December 2018 (Winter Season).

11.2. PROJECT LOCATION & ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS

1. Site Location : Plot No. 18, Survey No. 300, Village-Indrad, Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana, Gujarat 2. Geographical Locations : Elevation: 75 m Toposheet No: F-43/A-7 Node Latitude Longitude NE 23°18'39.01"N 72°25'27.12"E SE 23°18'37.09"N 72°25'27.85"E SW 23°18'36.53"N 72°25'24.73"E NW 23°18'38.31"N 72°25'24.20"E 3. Land use of Project site : Agricultural Land converted into Non- Agricultural Land for Industrial Use 4. Infrastructure Setup (Aerial distance from project site) (a) Village / Habitation : Dhanot Village: 1.6 Km, SSE Indrad Village: 2.3 Km, WSW (b) City : Gandhinagar: 23 Km, SE (c) Highways : SH 41: 1.1 Km, East SH 133: 3.2 Km, South NH 8C: 22 Km, SE (d) Railway Station : Jhulasan Railway station: 5 Km, ENE (e) Water Bodies : Narmada Canal: 7.2 km, South Gulf of Khambhat: 140 Km, South (f) Domestic Airport : Ahmedabad Airport: 34 Km, SE

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(g) International Airport : Ahmedabad: 34 Km, SE

(h) Defense installations : None

11.3. DETAILS OF PROPOSED PROJECT

F Status : Proposed Unit F Products & Capacity :

Capacity, Prod. Products CAS No. Ton/ End Use Code Annum A1 Transfluthrin &/OR 118712-89-3 A2 Imiprothrin MUP &/OR 72963-72-5 Household A3 Meperfluthrin &/OR 915288-13-0 240.0 Insecticides A4 Metofluthrin &/OR 240494-70-6 A5 Dimefluthrin &/OR 271241-14-6 A6 Permethrin Tech. 52645-53-1 Veterinary Insecticide B Flumethrin MB 69770-45-2 18.0 Veterinary Insecticide C1 Icaridin &/OR 119515-38-7 Mosquito Repellant 300.0 C2 Amitraz 33089-61-6 Veterinary Insecticide Intermediate for S-Trans Cypermethric Manufacturing of D 59042-49-8 187.2 Acid (STCMA) Household Insecticides E R&D and Pilot Plant -- 12.0 -- Total 757.2

General Information: F Category as per EIA : 5(b)-A Notification 2006 F Land availability : 5,769.28 m2

F Capital investment : Rs. 40 Crore

F Capital investment for : Rs. 3.4 Crore EMP F Recurring cost for EMP : Rs. 4.15 Crore/Annum

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F CER budget : Rs. 80 Lacs

F Greenbelt development : 1,920 sq. m. (33.3% of total area)

Resource Requirement:

F Raw materials : For the proposed project, various raw materials will be required in tune of about 800 TPM. Most of the raw materials required for the proposed project will be sourced from local market. F Source of water supply : Own Borewell

F Fresh Water Requirement : Category Requirement, KLD Industrial 58.5 Domestic 6.0 Gardening 6.5 Total 71

F Power Source : Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (UGVCL) F Power Requirement : 550 KW F Fuel Requirement : Fuel Requirement Biofuel (Agrowaste) &/OR Coal 7 TPD Diesel 2 KLD

F Employment Opportunity, : 120 Persons Nos.

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Figure 11.1: Key Infrastructure Map of the Study Area

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11.4. POLLUTION POTENTIAL AND CONTROL MEASURE

Water Pollution:

F Effluent Generation & : Source of Effluent: Management Process, APCM, Boiler, Cooling, Washing, WTP Reject

Hydraulic Load (KLD) Industrial: 68.5; Domestic: 5.0

Management: Total effluent generation from proposed project will be segregated into high Ammonical Nitrogen, cyanide containing toxic stream, high COD/TDS and low COD/TDS concentration streams.

High Ammonical and Cyanide bearing streams will be treated at plant level and will be sent to ETP for further treatments.

Low concentrated effluent @48.5 KLD will be treated in ETP followed by RO. Permeate from RO @33.5 will be re-used in Cooling tower makeup and APCE. Reject from RO @15 KLD will be sent to MEE.

High concentrated wastewater stream from manufacturing process @20 KLD will be treated in stripper. Treated water from stripper along with ETP- RO Reject @35 KLD will be sent to MEE. Condensate from MEE @32.5 KLD along with permeate from ETP-RO @33.5 KLD will be re-used in Cooling tower makeup KLD and APCE. Hence, unit will maintain Zero Liquid Discharge.

During initial phase of the project, high concentrated effluent will be sent for Common Spray Drying at Chhatral Enviro Management System Pvt. Ltd. till the effluent quantity reaches 15 KLD which is located at about 1 km distance from project site. As the project gradually advances and effluent generation increases beyond 15 KLD, unit will switch over to in- house MEE for effluent treatment and Zero Liquid Discharge.

Domestic wastewater will be sent to Soak pit via

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septic tank system.

Air Pollution:

F Flue gas emission & : Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be control provided to Steam Boiler (2 TPH) and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid Heater Thermic Fluid Heater (1 Lacs Kcal/hr). Adequate stack height will be provided to steam boiler and thermic fluid heater for proper dispersion of gaseous pollutants into atmosphere. DG Set (500 kVA) will require Diesel @ 2 KLD as fuel. Adequate stack height will be provided to the proposed DG sets. F Process gas emission & : Process gas will be generated in the form of HCl, control SO2 gas from the proposed manufacturing activities. Adequate scrubbing system of water followed by two stage alkali scrubbers will be provided for the control of process gas emission. Hazardous Waste : All the hazardous waste will be collected, stored, Management: handled, transported and disposed as per the Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

Unit will obtain membership from GPCB approved TSDF / CHWIF for safe disposal of hazardous waste. Noise & Vibration: : The main source of noise generation may be from the D.G. Set, which will be kept as stand-by. The auxiliary source of noise and vibration from the proposed project will be working of Plant machineries as well as transportation of vehicles carrying raw materials and products. Adequate precautions will be taken for abatement of noise pollution.

11.5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT, IMPACTS ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES

For assessing environmental quality, the baseline environmental data collected by Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd., during the Winter season (October 2018 to December 2018) in a study area of 10 km radial distance for one of the projects in the vicinity of the project site has been taken for the preparation of the report. For the EIA study, the area

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use) falling within 10 km radial distance from project site has been selected for preparing the site map along with infrastructure setup and administrative map, land use/land cover map, socio-economic study as well as to monitor the baseline environment quality. Baseline study was conducted as per the approved TORs issued by MoEF&CC and guidelines of MoEF&CC/CPCB.

11.5.1. Seismology The study area falls in Zone III as per IS 1893 (Part-I):2002, which is referred as Moderate Damage Risk Zone. The area is liable to earthquakes of Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale VII.

11.5.2. Micro-Meteorology The site-specific micrometeorological data has been collected continuously during the study period by installing automatic weather station near project site. During the study period, wind was blowing mostly from E and ENE direction with maximum speed of 9.1 m/s. Minimum temperature recorded was 7.7 °C with maximum temperature of 36.0°C. minimum humidity recorded was 10% and maximum as 69%.

11.5.3. Surface and ground water Baseline: Total 11 water samples have been collected from nine locations, once during the study period. Out of these 8 Ground water sources and 3 Surface water sources were recorded. All the parameters of collected ground water and surface water samples were well within the permissible limits. All the heavy metals measured in samples were below detection limit at all the locations. It is observed from the surface water analysis of the study area and compared with classes for designated use of fresh Water Standards, that samples of study area at all the villages are suitable for “E Class” i.e. Irrigation, industrial cooling & Controlled Waste Disposal. Impact Assessment: The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by private industrial estate authority M/s. Umiya Industrial Estate from their own borewell by means of fixed pipeline. Unit is located in over exploited zone as per Central Ground Water

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Authority (CGWA) guidelines and extraction of ground will have significant impact on ground water environment. There may be risk of ground water and surface water contamination due to wastewater generation and handling. The domestic wastewater (sewage) generation may contribute in surface water contamination. Mitigation Measures: For effective treatment and safe handling of effluent, proper stream segregation will be done. Unit will install adequate administrative and infrastructural setup for the continuous and efficient operation of stripper, ETP, RO & MEE as well will take necessary care during the treatment and handling of effluent. Since the proposed unit is a zero liquid discharge unit, there will be negligible changes of ground water contamination Well-designed storm water network will be provided to collect rain water from entire plot area and to avoid water logging within the premise. Wall gate will be constructed at final outlet of storm water to prevent any discharge of contaminated storm water. Contaminated storm water, if any, will be diverted to ETP for further treatment. Domestic wastewater will be discharged through septic tank into soak pit. All the chemicals, raw materials as well as products will be stored in dedicated storage area with impervious flooring to restrict/control leakages and prevent ground water contamination. As a part of CER activity, the unit will explore the possibility to construct rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge structures in consultation with local gram panchayat and village heads in surrounding villages. This may lead to positive impact on water environment.

11.5.4. Ambient Air Baseline: Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at eight locations and baseline data 3 indicates that ranges of concentrations of PM10 (71.80 to 88.66 μg/m ), PM2.5 (30.41 to 3 3 3 44.77 μg/m ), SO2 (14.25 to 34.49 μg/m ), NO2 (23.00 to 40.04 μg/m ) and CO (93.73 to 3 154.39 μg/m ).It is observed that baseline concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and

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CO in the ambient air were within the norms specified for NAAQs at all the monitoring locations. Concentration of HCl was below detection at all the locations.

Impact Assessment: The maximum 24-hourly average ground level concentration for pollutant due to

proposed project calculated using mathematical model (ISCST3) for PM10, SO2, NO2

and HCl are 4.208 g/m3, 13.841 g/m3, 1.047 g/m3 and 0.543 g/m3 respectively which is very less even for the worst-case scenario. Moreover, this will occur at a

distance of maximum 300 meters for PM10, SO2 and NO2 and 100 meters for HCl from the source, which falls within the project site only where there is no existence of permanent habitat. The incremental ground level concentration of all the pollutants at all the ambient air monitoring locations is very negligible and practically nil. Therefore, there will not be any impact on the air quality of surrounding villages due to the proposed project. It is revealed that all the parameters are well within the NAAQS after consideration of incremental concentration due to proposed project. Concentration of HCl was below detection limit at all the locations. Considering incremental concentration, resultant concentration of the same will be below detectable limit.

Mitigation Measures Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter will be provided to Steam Boiler (2 TPH) and multicyclone separator will be provided for Thermic Fluid Heater (1 Lacs Kcal/hr). Adequate stack height will be provided to steam boiler and thermic fluid heater for proper dispersion of gaseous pollutants into atmosphere. Adequate stack height will be provided to the proposed DG set.

There will be generation of HCl, SO2 gas, for which adequate scrubbing system of water scrubber followed by two stage alkali scrubber will be provided. There will be a chance of fugitive emission and odor nuisance during manufacturing process as well as due to storage & handling of raw materials and products. The unit will take adequate measures for the control of fugitive emission. Unit will install online monitoring system for detection and emission of gaseous emission from proposed project. LDAR program will be implemented and followed for detection and control of fugitive emission from process.

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11.5.5. Soil quality Baseline: Surface soil samples were collected from eight locations of study area once during the study period. Soil type in the study area is Sandy Clay Loam in nature. pH of the soil quality ranged from 7.6 to 8.3 which indicates presence of free lime in the soil. The organic matter in the soil ranged from 1.09% to 1.56%. The result range signifies that the soil has been cropped heavily. The Electrical conductivity of the samples varied from 178 to 681 μmho/cm which indicates there is no salinity problem in the soil. The concentration of available Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium in the soil samples signifies that the soil of the area is moderately fertile.

Impacts Assessment In operational phase, there will be chances of soil contamination due to improper working of machineries or during transportation of raw materials or finished products. The impact on soil environment may be due to effluent disposal, chemical and hazardous waste storage & handling. Spillage of chemicals during loading, unloading and transfer, leakage of pumps, flange leakage in pipelines may create soil contamination.

Mitigation Measures : Regular maintenance of plants and machineries will be carried out and proper care will be taken while loading, unloading and transfer of materials to avoid any soil contamination. The entire plant area flooring will be made up of concrete except open ground cover for greenbelt development. It will prevent any seepage and leakage into sub soil surface. No spillage will be allowed in open ground. The unit will provide dyke wall around the storage tanks area of hazardous chemical along with transferring pumps to reduce the risk of proposed tank leakages. Leakages and spillage of chemicals will be controlled through regular maintenance of pumps and flange connections in the pipelines and proper care will be taken while loading, unloading and transfer of materials to avoid any soil/land contamination.

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The unit will provide adequate designated area of 72 m2 for the hazardous waste storage within premises having impervious floor and roof cover with leachate collection system. In case of any spillage, it will be collected and treated in ETP. Thus, there will be no chances of contamination of soil due to the storage of chemicals and hazardous waste. The hazardous waste generated will be stored and handle as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

11.5.6. Noise Baseline: The Noise readings were monitored for 24 hours at eight different locations within the study area. Noise levels were compared with the standards prescribed by MoEFCC which indicates that the noise levels at all the locations were found well within the limit for day & night time.

Impacts Assessment During construction phase the impact on noise environment will be due to transportation activities (transportation of construction materials), construction activities etc. During operational phase the impact on noise environment will be due to transportation activities (transportation of raw materials and finished products etc.), manufacturing activities and utilities. Occasional operation of D.G. set in case of power supply failure will contribute to noise generation.

Mitigation Measures : In operative phase of the project, there will be noise generation within the premises. However, adequate measures will be taken to minimize the noise.

The unit will install latest technology based low noise D.G. sets with acoustic enclosures. The noise generation will be mitigated by installing noise barriers/absorbers around stationery noise sources, viz. pumps, compressors and blowers etc. Adequate noise control measures such as anti-vibration pad for equipment with high vibration will be provided. Proper and timely oiling, lubrication & preventive maintenance will be done regularly.

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All the vibrating parts will be checked periodically and serviced to reduce the noise generation. Noisy equipments will be enclosed in sound proofing enclosures to give residual sound pressure lower than 75 dB (A). To minimize the adverse effect on the health, Earmuffs/ earplugs will be provided to the workers working under high noise area. Green belt will act as a barrier to the propagation of noise from the factory premises. It will reduce the noise levels appreciably. Hence, there will not be any adverse impact to the nearby present human settlement. Vehicular movements during operation phase for loading/unloading of raw and finished materials and other transportation activity may increase noise level. The transport contractors will be instructed to keep vehicle periodically serviced and maintained as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry. Only those vehicles with PUC’s will be allowed for the transportation. Noise monitoring will be carried out regularly at important locations of the unit.

11.5.7. Landuse Pattern Baseline: Classification of land use/land cover was derived using ERDAS software from satellite image. Data illustrate that 77.23% of total land area is occupied by land. Out of total study area, land area of 9.27% is covered as a built-up land, of which land cover of 4.21% is for industrial purposes and 5.08% is for human settlement and. Scrub land covers 6.03%, Open vegetation and plantation covers 5.97% & 4.63% and water body covers 1.48%.

Also, there is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco-sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act-1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the project site.

Impacts Since the proposed project will be established in non-agricultural land converted for industrial use, there will not be any change in land use pattern, forest cover or vegetation in surrounding area.

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11.5.8. Socio Economic Study Baseline As per the 2011 census, the study area comprises Kadi and Mehsana Taluka of Mehsana district and Kalol taluka of Gandhinagar district. There are 63 villages within the study area of 10 km from the project site. As per 2011 census, the study area has total population of around 4,34,276 indicating that the area is moderately populated with dense settlements. Overall literacy rate in the study area is 75%, which show that literacy rate in the study area is fairly high. The overall employment ratio for the villages in the study area is 35%, which shows that employment ratio is low.

Impacts The proposed project will provide employment opportunities, which will help to improve the overall socio-economic profile of the study area.

Moreover, unit will carry out CER activities in nearby villages in the field of medical facilities, public health & welfare and green belt development; this will help to improve the public health in the region to some extent. Thus, there will be a beneficial impact on socio-economic environment due to proposed project activities.

11.5.9. Biological Environment Baseline: The survey was carried out during study period to know the ecological status of the area with respect to flora and fauna. During the survey, a total of 59 floral were noted in the study area; including 23 tree species, 18 shrubs and 18 herbs. Most of the species are of common occurrence in the region.

A total of 60 species of fauna were noted in the study area of which most of the species are of common occurrence in the region. There are no rare, endemic or threatened species of mammals present in the study area. Except Indian Peafowl, no other Schedule-I species are reported in the study area

It is observed during site visit that floral and faunal species encountered are quite common and found everywhere. There is no reserved forest, national park or sanctuary within the study area.

Impacts

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

Pollutants of air, water and hazardous waste can interfere with the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem and may include injurious effects when concentrations exceed permissible limits. All necessary pollution control measures will be provided for the proposed project. Hence, there will not be any adverse impact of pollution potentials on the surrounding ecology due to the proposed project.

Also, a green belt area development in and around the premises, helps in inviting small birds & animals and other creatures to proliferate.

11.5.10. Greenbelt Development Unit will develop green belt in area of 1,920 m2 (33.3% of total plot area) within the project premises consisting of 100 trees/plants and lawn cover within the industrial premises, Impacts Green belt will not only improve the soil condition but will also prevent soil erosion and the landscape & give slight beneficial impact on the land usage. It will also minimize the level of possible air pollutants and noise pollution along with help in inviting small birds & animals and other creatures to proliferate.

11.6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

The proposed project will be setup on a land already acquired and converted into non- agricultural land for industrial use at district Mehsana. No alternative for the site is analysed due to the availability of infrastructure, land, water sources, fuel, transportation, power etc.

The unit will manufacture insecticide chemicals involving various chemical reactions. The unit will adopt latest and best technology available so far in the market for the manufacturing of proposed products.

Moreover, the unit is very concern and conscious about the product quality and equally about the environmental protection and resource conservation; and hence unit will put continuous efforts for replacing/upgrading plant and machineries from time to time with the best available technology.

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11.7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

From the monitoring point of view, the important components are air, water, soil, noise and occupational health & safety. Untreated and treated wastewater of ETP/MEE will be analysed with respect to pH, TDS and COD. Flow meter will be provided at the inlet of Stripper, ETP, RO, MEE for regular monitoring of raw effluent quantity as well as re-use / discharge quantity. Online monitoring system with Gas detector and audio-visual alarm will be provided for flue gas PM, SOx, NOx and process gas. For detection of fugitive emission, VOC detector will be provided at process plant and raw material storage area and Leak Detection & Repair (LDAR) program will be implemented effectively to control fugitive emission, if any.

In addition to this, periodically monitoring will be carried out by NABL accredited laboratory for treated wastewater, ambient air, work area, stacks and noise. Unit will establish a well-organized Environmental Management Cell (EMC) which will perform all the environmental management activities.

Unit will also form EHS policy to comply with statutory norm with regards to the Environment, Health & Safety and strive for the continuous improvement to prevent pollution, reduce wastages, conserve energy reduces risk & health hazards. Voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to EMP will be undertaken. Head of EHS department will co-ordinate all monitoring programs at site and data generated will be submitted regularly to the statutory agencies. Frequency of reporting will be as per the requirement of GPCB.

11.8. RISK AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

The unit is very much aware of their obligation to protect all persons at work and others in the neighborhood that may be affected by an unfortunate and unforeseen incidence occurring at the works. After commissioning of proposed project, any hazard either to employees or others arising from activities at the plant site shall as far as possible, be handled by the personnel of the company and prevented from spreading any further. In the case of eventuality, the on-site and off- site emergency plan will be prepared by the unit. However, after the commissioning of project all the required safety measures will be implemented. Unit will provide all the adequate safety measures in the proposed plant. In addition to this, safety audit will be carried out by authorized agency every year and suggestion/recommendations after the audit will be immediately implemented.

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

11.9. PROJECT BENEFITS

Unit will contribute reasonably as part of their CER and carry out various activities in nearby villages. In addition to this employment opportunity for 120 persons during operative phase of the project and for many other skilled-unskilled labors during construction and other ancillary activities during operation will be generated. Unit will plan to carry out various activities for the upliftment of poor people, welfare of women & labors, education of poor students as part of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) in the nearby villages and therefore unit will make provision of Rs. 80 Lacs (about 2% of the project cost) which will be utilized within five years after commissioning of the project.

11.10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The environmental management plan is proposed with respect to the all proposed activities considering affected environmental attributes and impact zone which is summarized here under:

Sr. Activity Management Plan No. 1. Transportation Structural Measures: of Raw Vehicular movement only during day time will be ensured. Materials & Transportation by covered vehicles will be ensured. Hazardous Regular maintenance and optimum use of the vehicles will be ensured. Chemicals Educate Driver about the characteristics of chemicals and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident. Procedural Measures: Use of all the PUC certified vehicles. Availability of MSDS of all the Hazardous materials to the Off-site Emergency team. Availability of TREM card with driver during the transportation of hazardous chemicals. 2. Storage & Structural Measures: handling of Provision of designated storage area with impervious flooring, dyke hazardous walls and garland drain to restrict / control accidental spillages/leakages chemicals and to prevent contamination of soil /land. Provision of adequate ventilation system. Provision of fixed pipeline and pumps with mechanical seal or seamless pump for transfer of liquid raw materials. Provision of Gas detector in process plant and work area. Provision of breather valve, PRVs, rupture disc etc. on storage tanks. Procedural Measures: Good housekeeping to maintain clean and orderly working environment

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Sr. Activity Management Plan No. will be ensured. Storage of all the raw materials in designated area only to restrict / control the seepage and prevent ground water contamination. Handling of all the chemicals in a proper manner with prescribed procedures to avoid any spillages. Collection and treatment of spillages, if any, with other industrial effluent. Implementation of LDAR program for control and detection of fugitive emission. Work zone monitoring as per the monitoring program. Regular training to the persons handling chemicals. Maintaining minimum stock of hazardous chemicals on-site as far as possible. 3. Manufacturing Structural Measures Activities & Installation of flow meter at water intake point and treated effluent Operations of recycle point. Utilities Provision of separate energy meter for ETP, MEE / APCM Construction of wall gate at final outlet of storm water to prevent any discharge of contaminated storm water. Construction of ETP consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary treatment along with RO & MEE for treatment of effluent generated. Provision of Multicyclone separator followed by bag filter for proposed steam boilers and multicyclone separator for thermic fluid heater with adequate stack height. Provision of adequate APCM (water followed by two stage alkali scrubber) having design consideration to achieve the emission norms prescribed by GPCB for process gas stacks. Provision of stack of adequate height to achieve proper dispersion of gaseous emission so as to have minimal impact of ground level concentration Provision of sampling ports as per guidelines for monitoring of stacks. Ensure close manufacturing systems order to minimize fugitive emissions. Connect all reactors to scrubbers and kept under negative pressure as per the process requirement. Provision of dedicated measuring tanks for each reactor. Provision of fume extraction system wherever required. Provision of designated hazardous waste storage area with proper roofing and leachate collection. Acquire membership of common hazardous waste management facility for disposal of hazardous wastes Carryout MoUs with authorized end-users for sale of hazardous waste. Proper foundation, alignment and installation of rubber padding as well acoustic enclosures for noise and vibration generating equipment and machineries Adequate green belt development to attenuate the noise levels. Procedural Measures

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

Sr. Activity Management Plan No. Maintaining logbook for water, power, raw material, fuel and other resources consumption (for production, ETP, MEE, APCM etc.) Proper and timely oiling, lubrication, preventive maintenance of all plant machinery & equipment. Prepare SOPs for efficient operation of ETP/MEE based on operating guidelines provide by suppliers and ensure strict implementation. Supervision of ETP/MEE operation by trained and experienced personnel. Performance evaluation of installed ETP/MEE as per monitoring program Keep wall gate at storm water completely closed other than monsoon to prevent any discharge of effluent/wash-water in unforeseen situation. Check storm water for any chemical contamination before discharge, if it is found contaminated, re-direct to ETP for treatment Ensure proper discharge of sewage to soak pit through septic tank. Prepare SOPs for efficient APCM operation based on operating guidelines provide by suppliers. Efficient operation of APCM as per SOPs and maintain operational logbook. Maintain Proper air to fuel ratio for boilers. Supervision of APCM operation by trained and experienced personnel. Prepare maintenance schedule for all reactors, other process equipment, utilities and APCM and ensure strict implementation. Carry out periodical monitoring to evaluate the efficiency of APCM as per monitoring program. Ensure regular usage of proper PPE's by workers in the plant. Development of green belt for control of air pollution. Collection, storage, handling, transportation and disposal of all the hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Avoid manual handling of hazardous waste. Ensure disposal of hazardous wastes at approved TSDF/CHWIF site with manifest only. Explore technology for cleaner production, waste minimization, treatment / reuse / recycle / co-incineration of wastes. Provision of ear plugs / ear muffs to workers working with high noise generating areas “Work permit system” for restricted entry to high noise generating areas Monitoring of noise levels at prominent locations as per monitoring program. 4. Green belt Structural Measures development Selection of species to be done considering the soil type as well as tolerance to specific air pollutants expected to generate from plant operations. Adoption of water sprinklers and drip irrigation system Procedural Measures:

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Sr. Activity Management Plan No. Allocation of fund for green belt development and maintenance Survival rate of plant species to be monitored. Greenbelt will be maintained by regular watering, soil enrichment work (applying organic manure) weeding and providing proper protection. 5. CER Activities Give preference to local people for the recruitment. Allocation of fund for CER activities Plan CER activities after carrying out need based analysis and in consultation with village heads based on their requirement. Periodical review of fund utilization.

11.11. CONCLUSION It can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the suggested mitigation measures and environmental management plan outlined, the proposed project activities during the construction and operation phase would have manageable impacts on the environment and on balance the project would be beneficial to surrounding communities and the region.

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CHAPTER 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

CHAPTER – 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

Bhagwati Enviro Care Pvt. Ltd. is one of the leading environmental consulting organizations based at Ahmedabad, Gujarat. engaged in providing consulting, engineering, designing, auditing, monitoring & testing and other regulatory compliance services. It was established in January 98 and consists of the highly qualified and well- experienced engineers, scientists, chemists. This technical team is supported by a pool of highly qualified and experienced associated experts from various disciplines.

We have successfully completed more than 1500 projects in the field of consulting, auditing, monitoring & testing, pollution control i.e. Design, Installation and commissioning of wastewater treatment plants and air pollution control equipments, during last 20 years. We are also dealing in the projects of waste minimization and cleaner production technology.

We are having a strong team of Technocrats and Scientists. We have well equipped MOEF and NABL approved analytical laboratory facility including facilities to analyze physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.

Our team of technocrats and scientists are well experienced to deal with the Design, Installation and Commissioning of wastewater treatment plants and air pollution control equipments and also well conversant to the projects of Waste Minimization and Cleaner Production Technology.

The organization has obtained below mentioned recognition and accreditations to provide you competent and efficient services. Copies of Accreditation certificates from NABL & NABET and recognition from MoEF&CC are enclosed as Annexure 24.

QCI-NABET accreditation as an EIA Consultant Organization QCI-NABL accreditation for Chemical Testing Laboratory under ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standards Reorganization as Environmental Auditor by Gujarat Pollution Control Board. ISO 9001:2008 certificate for the Management System. ISO 14001:2015 certificate for the Management System.

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Synergia Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Ta.-Kadi, Dist.-Mehsana Environmental Impact Assessment Report Proposed Project for Manufacturing of Insecticides (Veterinary Animal Health & Household Use)

ISO 18001:2007certificate for the Management System. MOEF Recognized Environmental laboratory under the Environment Protection Act 1986.

The organization has been engaged in carrying out EIA studies and preparation of EIA/EMP report for the varied range of industries and developmental activity since 2003. Besides the EIA study the organization is prepared and confident to render the following services in the field of environmental engineering, Technical consultation & assistance to ensure & assure complete Environ-Legal compliance including liaison with statutory bodies in order to get the required permits, clearances & consents. Assessment of Environmental Pollution Load. Guidance to get water consent, Air consent and Solid Waste Authorization. O & M contracts for ETP, STP and CETP. New project consultancy for Environmental Management System. After careful study of the existing effluent treatment plant if required we suggest suitable addition/up gradation/modification in existing Effluent Treatment Plant so as to meet with the standards as specified by the state pollution control board as per the mode of disposal. Preparation of application form to get NOC for Establishment of the unit and Consent for Operation from the state pollution control board. Providing technical guidance to the clients to do the technical correspondence and also consulting work with state pollution control board. Designing and executing turnkey project of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), Solid & Liquid Waste Incinerator and Air Pollution Control Equipment Schedule II Environmental Audit as per the order and guidelines of Honorable High Court of Gujarat and GPCB. Details Process study to reduce the pollution at source and to reuse / recycle effluent. Preparing adequacy and efficacy report on Environmental Management System for the existing unit as well as proposed unit. Conducting laboratory scale experiments to study treatability of industrial effluent and preparing Treatability report. Preparing Feasibility report on the Effluent Treatment Plant.

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Performance study of existing pollution control facility and suggesting scheme for the optimization of the facility. Monitoring and analysis of Water, Wastewater, Air Pollution (Stack & Ambient), Solid Waste and soil. Monitoring and analysis of Work Area Environment and filling-up Form-37 as per the requirements under Factory Act-1948 and Gujarat Factory Rules. Services of chartered Engineers for chemical projects

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