I Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ywes/article-abstract/98/1/1/5481903 by Vienna University Library user on 07 January 2020 English Language VIKTORIJA KOSTADINOVA, NURIA YA´ N˜EZ-BOUZA, GEA DRESCHLER, SUNE GREGERSEN, BEA´ TA GYURIS, KATHRYN ALLAN, MAGGIE SCOTT, LIESELOTTE ANDERWALD, SVEN LEUCKERT, TIHANA KRASˇ, ALESSIA COGO, TIAN GAN, IDA PARISE, SHAWNEA SUM POK TING, JULIANA SOUZA DA SILVA, BEKE HANSEN, AND JESSICA NORLEDGE This chapter has fourteen sections: 1. General; 2. History of English Linguistics; 3. Phonetics and Phonology (not covered this year); 4. Morphology; 5. Syntax; 6. Semantics; 7. Lexicography, Lexicology, and Lexical Semantics; 8. Onomastics; 9. Dialectology and Sociolinguistics; 10. New Englishes and Creolistics; 11. Second Language Acquisition. 12. English as a Lingua Franca; 13. Pragmatics and Discourse. 14. Stylistics. Section 1 is by Viktorija Kostadinova; section 2 is by Nuria Ya´ n˜ez-Bouza; sections 4 and 5 are by Gea Dreschler and Sune Gregersen; section 6 is by Bea´ ta Gyuris; section 7 is by Kathryn Allan; section 8 is by Maggie Scott; section 9 is by Lieselotte Anderwald; section 10 is by Sven Leuckert; section 11 is by Tihana Krasˇ; section 12 is by Tian Gan, Ida Parise, Sum Pok Ting, Juliana Souza da Silva and Alessia Cogo; section 13 is by Beke Hansen; section 14 is by Jessica Norledge. 1. General This section contains books with a general relevance to English linguistics. It first covers a number of publications on historical linguistics, starting with a five-volume series on the history of English, followed by books on historical linguistics. The section also provides a description of a cognitive linguistics handbook. Books of methodological relevance are also included; one of these is about doing corpus linguistic research with R, and the other is an introductory textbook on quantitative research methods for students, as well as a general introduction to the study of language. The Year’s Work in English Studies, Volume 98 (2019) ß The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the English Association. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected] doi:10.1093/ywes/maz004 2 ENGLISH LANGUAGE The five-volume series The History of English, edited by Laurel J. Brinton Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ywes/article-abstract/98/1/1/5481903 by Vienna University Library user on 07 January 2020 and Alexander Bergs, presents a state-of-the art introduction to the study of the history of English. The series is based on a previous publication, English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook (Bergs and Brinton [2012], which was not discussed in YWES 93). The editors explain in the introduction to the series that ‘the aim of the series is to make selected papers from this important handbook accessible and affordable for a wider audience, and in particular for younger scholars and students, and to allow their use in the classroom’ (pp. 2–3). Volume 1 provides a general overview of the most important topics and issues in the field. Each of volumes 2–4 covers one historical period: OE, ME, and eModE. The final volume is devoted to the global spread of English and the rise of new varieties. Each volume opens with a short introduction to the series by the editors. The series is impressive in its coverage, and admirably manages to introduce the history of English in great detail, while providing an overview of scholarship, methods, and knowledge in the field. More information on the contents of these volumes can also be found in Sections 2 and 8 below. Volume 1, Historical Outlines from Sound to Text, starts with a short introduction to the series and to the volume by the editors. In chapter 2, ‘Periodization in the History of the English Language’ (pp. 8–35), Anne Curzan presents various scholarly approaches to the problem of periodization, stressing the ways in which they converge in some respects and diverge in others. She argues that it would be futile to expect that uniform periodization will ever be agreed upon, but that the most important aspect in any periodization is clarity about the criteria that form the basis for the periodization. Each of the next four chapters addresses one area of language. In chapter 3, ‘Phonology’ (pp. 36–56), Janet Grijzenhout introduces some basics of phonological theory, focusing on structuralist and generative approaches. She discusses consonant inventories, as well as processes of change in relation to various factors, using examples from Proto-IE, Proto- Germ, and OE. She also briefly touches upon the effects of vowel inventories on phonotactics. Donka Minkova introduces ‘Prosody’ (chapter 4, pp. 57–76), and related terms such as syllable and stress, and addresses the types of information used in the historical study of prosody. Dieter Kastovsky covers ‘Morphology’ (pp. 77–101), addressing the topic of the millennia-long process of typological change in the morphology of English, from IE to PDE. ‘Syntax’ is discussed (pp. 102–22) by Graeme Trousdale. It focuses on the distinction between the syntactic history of English (concerned with ‘a particular development in a particular set of varieties, based on a particular set of evidence’ (p. 103); here attention is paid to OV/VO word order, the loss of impersonals, and the rise of the modals) and English historical syntax (concerned with ‘general properties of human language undergoing change’, where borrowing, reanalysis, and analogy are discussed). Chapters 7 to 10 deal with areas beyond the structural level to address issues of semantics, pragmatics, and language in use. ‘Semantics and Lexicon’ (pp. 123–39), by Elizabeth Closs Traugott, looks at semantic change in English, specifically providing the perspective of cognitive linguistics and studies in the neo- Gricean framework, with a focus on more recent work. It covers topics ENGLISH LANGUAGE 3 ranging from cognitive metaphor and the Invited Inferencing Framework to Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ywes/article-abstract/98/1/1/5481903 by Vienna University Library user on 07 January 2020 collocations and collostructions, productivity of semantic change, changes in the English lexicon, and the difference between lexical and grammatical changes. ‘Idioms and Fixed Expressions’ (pp. 140–64) by Gabriele Knappe reviews previous approaches to the study of English phraseology, addressing the importance of metalinguistic sources for historical phraseological research. Topics related to phraseological units are also covered, such as their origin, development, and change as well as the influence of phraseology on language change. In ‘Pragmatics and Discourse’ (pp. 165–84), Andreas H. Jucker starts off with a definition of basic terms and a distinction between pragmatics and discourse, while also pointing out relevant overlap in work done in these two areas. He distinguishes pragmatics in the narrow sense (‘cognitive-inferential aspects’ of language use) and pragmatics in the broad sense (‘social aspects’ of language use) (p. 165). The first is associated with pragmatic explanations of language change, while the second approaches the study of a variety of ‘performance phenomena’ in language history (p. 170), such as inserts (greetings and interjections), speech acts, and terms of address. The chapter also looks at courtroom discourse, scientific discourse, and English news discourse across the history of English. Chapter 10, on ‘Onomastics’ (pp. 185– 99), is discussed in Section 8. Following these lexical matters, Hanna Rutkowska introduces the study of ‘Orthography’ in the next chapter (pp. 200–17), addressing its theoretical underpinnings and the historical development of orthography. It also discusses the status and role of orthography in relation to areas such as phonology and sociolinguistics. Chapter 12, ‘Styles, Registers, Genres, Text Types’ (pp. 218–37), by Claudia Claridge, describes work done on registers, drawing on examples from legal and scientific English registers. Topics addressed include stylistic develop- ments, the role of standardization, and differences between oral and literate styles. Two examples of historical styles—‘the clergial or curial style’ from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, and the ‘plain style’ from the seventeenth century (pp. 226–7)—serve as illustrations of the topics discussed. The last chapter of volume 1, on ‘Standards in the History of English’ (pp. 238–52), is discussed in Section 2 below. Volume 2, Old English, opens with a chapter on ‘Pre-Old English’ (pp. 8–31) by Jeannette K. Marsh, which looks at the period before the ‘first attestations’ of English in the seventh century, outlining changes that took place in Pre-OE, in terms of both consonants (e.g. changes of geminate consonants and palatalization) and vowels (e.g. the restoration of a, breaking, and i-umlaut). The chapter also covers morphological developments and includes a brief mention of syntax. The next chapter, ‘Old English: Overview’ (pp. 32–49), by Ferdinand von Mengden, opens with a discussion of periodization issues relating to the availability of the first written records around 700, and proposes that 450 should be taken as the starting point. It then addresses major important external history points and deals with the decline of inflections. Chapters 4 to 6 address the various structural levels of the language during the OE period. ‘Phonology’ (pp. 50–72), by Robert Murray, provides ‘a very broad, relatively uncontroversial overview of many funda- mental aspects of OE phonology’ (p. 50). It presents a synchronic account of 4 ENGLISH LANGUAGE OE phonology, including a discussion of stress patterns and correspondences Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ywes/article-abstract/98/1/1/5481903 by Vienna University Library user on 07 January 2020 between phonology and orthography, as well as relevant phonological changes, such as umlaut and changes in quantity. Next, Ferdinand von Mengden discusses ‘Morphology’ (pp. 73–99), addressing inflectional morph- ology aspects of noun and verb paradigms.