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Studia Varia from the J OCCASIONAL PAPERS ON ANTIQUITIES, 10 Studia Varia from the J. Paul Getty Museum Volume 2 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 2001 © 2001 The J. Paul Getty Trust Getty Publications 1200 Getty Center Drive Suite 500 Los Angeles, California 90049-1682 www. getty. edu Christopher Hudson, Publisher Mark Greenberg, Editor in Chief Project staff: Editors: Marion True, Curator of Antiquities, and Mary Louise Hart, Assistant Curator of Antiquities Manuscript Editor: Bénédicte Gilman Production Coordinator: Elizabeth Chapin Kahn Design Coordinator: Kurt Hauser Photographers, photographs provided by the Getty Museum: Ellen Rosenbery and Lou Meluso. Unless otherwise noted, photographs were provided by the owners of the objects and are reproduced by permission of those owners. Typography, photo scans, and layout by Integrated Composition Systems, Inc. Printed by Science Press, Div. of the Mack Printing Group Cover: One of a pair of terra-cotta arulae. Malibu, J. Paul Getty Museum 86.AD.598.1. See article by Gina Salapata, pp. 25-50. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Studia varia. p. cm.—-(Occasional papers on antiquities : 10) ISBN 0-89236-634-6: English, German, and Italian. i. Art objects, Classical. 2. Art objects:—California—Malibu. 3. J. Paul Getty Museum. I. J. Paul Getty Museum. II. Series. NK665.S78 1993 709'.3 8^7479493—dc20 93-16382 CIP CONTENTS Coppe ioniche in argento i Pier Giovanni Guzzo Life and Death at the Hands of a Siren 7 Despoina Tsiafakis An Exceptional Pair of Terra-cotta Arulae from South Italy 25 Gina Salapata Images of Alexander the Great in the Getty Museum 51 Janet Burnett Grossman Hellenistisches Gold und ptolemaische Herrscher 79 Michael Pfrommer Two Bronze Portrait Busts of Slave Boys from a Shrine of Cobannus in Gaul 115 John Pollini Technical Investigation of a Painted Romano-Egyptian Sarcophagus from the Fourth Century A.D. 153 Maya Elston and Jeffrey Maish This page intentionally left blank COPPE IONICHE IN ARGENTO Pier Giovanni Guzzo Al J. Paul Getty Museum di Malibu sono pervenute due La ságoma documentata da questi due recipienti riporta coppe in argento: si tratta dei seguenti oggetti. alia diffusa classe delle "coppe ioniche", delle quali fi- nora erano conosciuti pochi esemplari in bronzo1, oltre 1. Inv. 7 7. AM. 6 8 (figg. ia-b). Coppa a vasca pro fonda, ad uno in argento, ma con decorazione figurata sbalzata con ságoma arrotondata; labbro teso svasato all'esterno; aH'interno2. basso piede saldato a profilo concavo. Anse a sezione cir­ culare, sáldate orizzontalmente sulla massima espansione Nonostante le differenze reciproche più sopra segna- della vasca, con leggero rialzo alia curva. L'imposta delle late, le due coppe Getty appartengono alia ságoma A anse è mascherata da borchiette di lamina, a forma cir- 3 colare e a sezione sferica, decorate all'esterno da inci- distinta nello studio iniziale su questa classe ; fra gli 4 sioni radiali. esemplari metallici si accostano a quello da Cales , salva II margine del piede non è perfettamente circolare; la forma del piede. Quest'ultima è costruita in maniera s la saldatura alia vasca non sembra completamente antica. più angolosa nella coppa da Campovalano t. 84 . La vas­ In rapporto ad un'ansa, sulla superficie interna del ca della coppa qui n. 1 è da confrontarsi con l'esemplare labbro, è inciso un segno verticale rettilineo di cm 0,5. da Amatunte6, priva del piede. Le borchiette in lamina Su una meta della superficie esterna della vasca sono che mascherano la saldatura delle anse nella stessa cop­ diffuse corrosioni. pa si riscontrano anche nella coppa, sempre in argento, a Altezza cm 10,3; diámetro superiore cm 16,2; diá­ Baltimora7, che ha tuttavia una ságoma complessiva più metro inferiore cm 7,3; peso gr 362,71. compressa. 2. Inv. 77.AM.69 (figg. 2a—b). Coppa a vasca notevolmen- I due nuovi esemplari, da un punto di vista tipoló­ te profonda, con ságoma arrotondata; labbro teso svasato gico, aumentano la conoscenza di coppe a vasca pro­ all'esterno; basso piede a profilo concavo. Anse a sezione fonda pertinenti alla ságoma più antica (A) delle "coppe circolare, sáldate orizzontalmente sulla massima espan­ ioniche". La ságoma è quella che è rappresentata nel sione della vasca, irregolarmente rialzate. frontone figurato da Phigareto di Corfú8. Ne è perian­ II margine del piede presenta una piccola defor- to proponibile una datazione entro l'inizio del vi secó­ mazione. In rapporto ad un'ansa, sulla superficie interna lo a. C. del labbro, è incisa una serie di segni, tra i quali uno ret­ Da un punto di vista costruttivo, le due nuove cop­ tilineo. All'interno del piede è inciso un punto. Nella parte bassa della vasca, all'interno, si osserva pe in argento oífrono elementi non inaspettati. Già la chiaramente un restauro antico, eseguito saldando alia pá­ coppa a Baltimora documentava Tuso del métallo pre- rete una laminetta d'argento di forma rettangolare (cm zioso, sia pure ulteriormente impreziosito dalle 2,7x0,91) e, su questa, divaricata di circa 15o, una secon­ figurazioni a sbalzo. La diífusione e la familiarità della da simile (cm 3 xo,9i). ságoma A delle "coppe ioniche" sono accertate dalla Superficie ben conservata. grande frequenza con la quale se ne effettuano ritrova- Altezza cm 7,5; diámetro superiore cm 10,8; diá­ menti in argüía: cosi che era solamente la casualità delle metro inferiore cm 5,7; peso gr 192,12. conoscenze che ci permetteva, fmora, diretta esperienza 2 Guzzo Fi*™™ Ta. Conna iónica in argento. Fronte. Malibu, J. Paul Getty Museum 77.AM.68. Figura ib. Retro di figura ia. Coppe ioniche in argento 3 Figura 2a. Coppa iónica in argento. Fronte. Malibu, J. Paul Getty Museum 77.AM.69. Figura 2b. Retro di figura 2a. 4 Guzzo della parallela produzione in métallo. Ad oggi, se ne rie, fra la quale è un segno simile a quello della n. i. conoscono sei esemplari in bronzo9 e tre in argento10: il Tali presenze indicano, ulteriormente, la durata d'uso reciproco rapporto i : 2 per l'uso del métallo non si ri delle coppe: ma appaiono troppo poco indicativi per tiene affatto corrispondente alla realtà antica, ma sem- supporne un único destino. plice caso dovuto alla parzialità della conoscenza. Il peso delle due coppe le pone in reciproco rap­ Anche se, ovviamente, il métallo meno nobile sarà stato porto di circa 1:2. Ma questo elemento sembra troppo adoperato più di fréquente11. approssimativo per dedurne la compresenza in un unico Le particolarità techniche delle due coppe Getty ci servizio da simposio: tanto più che, mancando cono­ presentano sagome dei piedi che appaiono differenti da scenza dell'area cultúrale di originaria utilizzazione, quelle già note, mentre le anse sono da confrontare a diventa impossible ricostruire la composizione dell'in- Perachora, Amatunte, e a Baltimora: per quest'ultima tero servizio, ed al suo interno il reciproco rapporto dei si ricorda la già segnalata presenza delle borchiette di singoli recipienti. mascheratura della saldatura. Tale ripetizione potrebbe In quanto 1'elemento pondérale documentato dalle sembrare caratteristica esclusiva delle coppe in métallo due coppe non permette di rivolgerci, con qualche si- prezioso: tuttavia, oltre alla mancanza dell'elemento nella curezza, verso nessuna area cultúrale arcaica. Infatti, se coppa qui n. 2, fra la coppa qui n. i e quella a Balti­ si divide il peso attuale delle due coppe per i più abi- mora si è osservata una differenza di ságoma genérale, tuali standards ricostruiti per il periodo arcaico si otten- che indurrebbe a ritenere le due coppe prodotte da due gono valori che non sembrano corrispondere a parametri diverse officine ed in due diversi momenti. Si ritiene, definid (cfr. tabella 1). infatti, non discriminante sotto questo aspetto la pre­ senza, o meno, della decorazione figurata a sbalzo, dalla Tabella 1. quale, per mancanza di confronti sugli altri esemplari conosciuti, non si possono trarre elementi di giudizio a STANDARD COPPA N. I COPPA N. 2 proposito dell'unicità, oppure del rapporto, delle rela­ Darico di gr 8,37 43,33 22,95 tive officine produttrici. Siclo di gr 5,58 65,00 34,43 Lo stato delle conoscenze a proposito di "coppe Siclo di gr 6,70 54,13 28,67 ioniche" in métallo, di pregio oppure no, non sembra Dracma eginetica 58,88 31,18 avere ancora permesso di affermare la produzione co- di gr 6,16 mune di qualcuno degli esemplari ad oggi noti. Dracma attica di gr 4,36 83,19 44,06 Ambedue le coppe Getty presentano elementi di Statere euboico-attico 4i,59 22,03 conservazione che ne permettono di ricostruire alcune di gr 8,72 delle vicende attraversate. Peso da Mazzola di gr 8,79 41,26 21,81 La coppa n. i, di proporzioni maggiori, conserva Statere etrusco-calcidese 62,32 32,84 la meta della sua superficie esterna con notevoli segni di gr 5,85 di corrosione: non è di certo possibile sapere se questi Si sonó utilizzati: A. Segré, Metrología e circolazione monetale degli antichi sono dovuti ad una lunga esposizione all'aperto, oppure (Bologna, 1928); D. Ridgway, L'alba della Magna Grecia (Milano, 1984), pp. 108-9. ad una conservazione al chiuso in presenza di agenti corrosivi. La coppa n. 2, di proporzioni minori, presenta un Una ricerca seguendo il criterio del valore pondérale è, rilevante restauro antico, resosi necessario per ovviare inoltre, resa assai diíficoltosa dalla genérale carenza di ad una lacuna prodottasi nella vasca. La causa di essa è, dati al riguardo. Manca ampia base documentarla su ovviamente, ignota. Sembra arduo intenderla come pro­ corredi di recipienti in argento che possano con sicu- dottasi nella fase di costruzione, mentre è preferibile rezza essere considerad come componenti di un unico, supporre che Tantico restauro indichi un periodo d'uso originario servizio.
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