Der Einsatz Humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken Eine Bestandsaufnahme

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Der Einsatz Humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken Eine Bestandsaufnahme HUMBOLDT-UNIVERSITÄT ZU BERLIN INSTITUT FÜR BIBLIOTHEKS- UND INFORMATIONSWISSENSCHAFT BERLINER HANDREICHUNGEN ZUR BIBLIOTHEKS- UND INFORMATIONSWISSENSCHAFT HEFT 462 DER EINSATZ HUMANOIDER ROBOTER IN BIBLIOTHEKEN EINE BESTANDSAUFNAHME VON SIMON SCHMIEDERER DER EINSATZ HUMANOIDER ROBOTER IN BIBLIOTHEKEN EINE BESTANDSAUFNAHME VON SIMON SCHMIEDERER Berliner Handreichungen zur Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft Begründet von Peter Zahn Herausgegeben von Vivien Petras Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Heft 462 Schmiederer, Simon Der Einsatz humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken : eine Bestandsaufnahme / von Simon Schmiederer. - Berlin : Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informations- wissenschaft der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. - 90 S. : graph. Darst. - (Berliner Handreichungen zur Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft ; 462) ISSN 14 38-76 62 Abstract: Humanoide Roboter haben den Sprung aus dem Forschungslabor in unsere Lebenswelt geschafft und begegnen uns vereinzelt in unserem Alltag. Bibliotheken gehörten mit zu den Ersten, die humanoide Roboter beschafften und einsetzten. Gegenstand dieser Master- arbeit ist der Einsatz humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken, mit dem Ziel eine Bestandauf-nahme des Humanoideneinsatzes in Bibliotheken zu leisten. In einer einordnenden Literaturstudie wird auf die Geschichte und den Entwicklungsstand der Robotik und insbesondere der humanoiden Roboter ebenso eingegangen wie auf den Einsatz von Robotern und humanoiden Robotern in Bibliotheken. Der empirische Teil der Arbeit, der auf der Auswertung qualitativer Interviews und von Beobachtungen basiert, befasst sich überwiegend mit dem Einsatz humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken in Deutschland. Für diese werden sowohl die mit dem Humanoideneinsatz verbundenen Ziele und Einsatzfelder dargestellt als auch die damit verbundenen positiven Effekte sowie Hürden und Herausforderungen. Ferner wird der zukünftige Einsatz von humanoiden Robotern in der einsetzenden Bibliothek selbst sowie im Bibliotheksbereich im Allgemeinen thematisiert. Die Masterarbeit weitet den Blick über die Anwendungsfälle in Deutschland hinaus und rundet das Bild durch ausgewählte internationale Beispiele ab. Abschließend werden Hinweise für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung eines Humanoiden in einer Bibliothek ebenso gegeben wie auch die Sinnhaftigkeit des Einsatzes humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken diskutiert. Diese Veröffentlichung geht zurück auf eine Masterarbeit im weiterbildenden Masterstudiengang im Fernstudium Bibliotheks- und Informationswissen- schaft (Library and Information Science, M. A. (LIS)) an der Humboldt- Uni- versität zu Berlin. Eine Online-Version ist auf dem edoc Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin verfügbar. Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht kommer- ziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International Lizenz. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung .................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Zielstellung und Fragestellung .......................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Aufbau der Arbeit ............................................................................................................................... 8 2 Von Robotern und Humanoiden ................................................................................. 9 2.1 Wie die Roboter in die Welt kamen: Geschichte und Definitionen ........................................... 9 2.2 Humanoide Roboter ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Human-Robot Interaction ............................................................................................................... 12 2.4 Ethische, soziale und rechtliche Implikationen ............................................................................ 15 2.5 Roboter in Bibliotheken ................................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Humanoide Roboter in Bibliotheken ............................................................................................. 17 2.6.1 Von sozialen und humanoiden Robotern ..................................................................................... 17 2.6.2 Gestatten, Nao ................................................................................................................................... 19 2.6.3 Der Nao in Bibliotheken .................................................................................................................. 21 2.6.4 Gestatten, Pepper .............................................................................................................................. 21 2.6.5 Pepper in Bibliotheken ..................................................................................................................... 23 3 Methodisches Vorgehen ............................................................................................ 24 3.1 Interviewstudie in Deutschland ...................................................................................................... 24 3.2 Beobachtungen in deutschen Bibliotheken ................................................................................... 25 3.3 Datenerhebung bei internationalen Bibliotheken ........................................................................ 26 4 Der Einsatz humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken ................................................... 27 4.1 Wie kommt’s? Konstellationen der Initialisierung ....................................................................... 27 4.2 Wozu? Ziele und Einsatzfelder humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken .................................... 28 4.2.1 Der Humanoide als Edukator und Ermöglicher .......................................................................... 28 4.2.2 Der Humanoide als Leseförderer ................................................................................................... 32 4.2.3 Der Humanoide als Dienstleister .................................................................................................... 33 4.3 Wie läuft’s? Positive Effekte und Herausforderungen des Humanoideneinsatzes ................. 37 4.3.1 Positive Effekte ................................................................................................................................. 37 4.3.2 Hürden und Herausforderungen .................................................................................................... 41 4.4 Wohin soll die Reise gehen? Zukünftiger Einsatz von Humanoiden ....................................... 46 4.4.1 Zukünftige Planungen der Bibliotheken ........................................................................................ 46 4.4.2 Die Zukunft humanoider Roboter in Bibliotheken ..................................................................... 49 4.5 Über den Tellerrand: Ausgewählte internationale Beispiele ....................................................... 50 4.6 Zur Nachahmung empfohlen .......................................................................................................... 53 5 Zum Schluss .............................................................................................................. 56 5.1 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................................. 56 5.2 Diskussion .......................................................................................................................................... 58 5 5.3 Fazit und Ausblick ............................................................................................................................ 61 6 Literatur ..................................................................................................................... 63 Abbildungsverzeichnis .......................................................................................................... 77 Anhang .................................................................................................................................. 78 Anhang 1: Liste der kontaktierten Bibliotheken......................................................................................... 78 Anhang 2: Informationsblatt in deutscher Sprache ................................................................................... 79 Anhang 3: Einwilligungserklärung in deutscher Sprache .......................................................................... 81 Anhang 4: Interviewleitfaden in deutscher Sprache .................................................................................. 85 Anhang 5: Informationsblatt in englischer Sprache .................................................................................. 86 Anhang 6: Leitfaden in englischer Sprache ................................................................................................. 88 Anhang 7: Transkriptionsregeln .................................................................................................................... 89 Anhang 8: Kategoriensystem ......................................................................................................................... 90 6 1 Einleitung Im Foyer der Bibliothek umringen Besucher*innen den humanoiden Roboter Pepper, machen Selfies und betrachten ihn mit einer Mischung aus Neugierde und Begeisterung. Eine
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