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Albany Cone Bush (Isopogon Unicinatus) Interim Recovery Plan

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Albany Cone Bush (Isopogon Unicinatus) Interim Recovery Plan INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN NO. 82 ALBANY CONE BUSH (ISOPOGON UNCINATUS) INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN 2001-2003 Robyn Phillimore and Andrew Brown Photograph: R. Smith January 2001 Department of Conservation and Land Management Western Australian Threatened Species and Communities Unit PO Box 51, Wanneroo, WA 6946 Interim Recovery Plan for Isopogon uncinatus FOREWORD Interim Recovery Plans (IRPs) are developed within the framework laid down in Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) Policy Statements Nos. 44 and 50. IRPs outline the recovery actions that are required to urgently address those threatening processes most affecting the ongoing survival of threatened taxa or ecological communities, and begin the recovery process. CALM is committed to ensuring that Critically Endangered taxa are conserved through the preparation and implementation of Recovery Plans or Interim Recovery Plans and by ensuring that conservation action commences as soon as possible and always within one year of endorsement of that rank by the Minister. This Interim Recovery Plan will operate from January 2001 to December 2003 but will remain in force until withdrawn or replaced. It is intended that, if the taxon is still ranked Critically Endangered, this IRP will be replaced by a full Recovery Plan after three years. This IRP was approved by the Director of Nature Conservation on 12 April, 2001. The provision of funds identified in this Interim Recovery Plan is dependent on budgetary and other constraints affecting CALM, as well as the need to address other priorities. Information in this IRP was accurate at January 2001. 2 Interim Recovery Plan for Isopogon uncinatus SUMMARY Scientific Name: Isopogon uncinatus Common Name: Albany Cone Bush Family: Proteaceae Flowering Period: October to December CALM Region: South Coast CALM District: Albany Shire: Albany Recovery Team: Albany District Threatened Flora Recovery Team (ADTFRT) Illustrations and/or further information: Brown, A., Thomson-Dans, C. and Marchant, N. (Eds). (1998) Western Australia’s Threatened Flora. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia; Robinson, C.J. and Coates, D.J. (1995) Declared Rare and Poorly Known Flora in the Albany District. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia, Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra; Sainsbury, R.M. (1987) A Field Guide to Isopogons and Petrophiles. University of Western Australia Press, Western Australia. Current status: Isopogon uncinatus was declared as Rare Flora in June 1990 and was ranked as Critically Endangered (CR) in December 1997. It currently meets World Conservation Union (IUCN, 1994) Red List Category ‘CR’ under criteria B1+2cde due to the severe fragmentation of populations and continuing decline in the area and quality of habitat, the number of locations and individuals. The main threats are disease, inappropriate fire regimes, drought, recreational activities and grazing. Habitat requirements: Isopogon uncinatus is endemic to Western Australia where it is confined to the Albany area. It is found in seasonally damp areas in shallow sandy clay over granite, or gravelly soil from decomposed laterite over granite. Associated vegetation is heath, in saddles and mid slopes of hills (Robinson and Coates, 1995). Critical habitat: The critical habitat of Isopogon uncinatus comprises the area of known populations, adjacent areas of similar habitat within 200 metres of populations, corridors of remnant vegetation that link populations, and other nearby occurrences of suitable habitat that are not currently known to contain populations of the species but which may be suitable for translocations. Existing Recovery Actions: The following recovery actions have been or are currently being implemented - 1. Land managers have been informed of the species and its location. 2. Staff of CALM’s Threatened Flora Seed Centre (TFSC) collected seed from Subpopulation 3a in 1992 and from Subpopulations 4b, c, and d in 1995 and 1996. The initial germination rate ranged from 30% to 79% and after one year in storage 0% to 58%. 3. The Botanic Garden and Parks Authority (BGPA) received five seedlings of Isopogon uncinatus from the TFSC in 1994, only one of which remains. A further nine seedlings were received in 1996 but all died within two years. 4. CALM staff have conducted numerous surveys for the species in areas of suitable habitat. 5. Aerial spraying of phosphite of one population to control Phytophthora cinnamomi commenced in 1996 and was repeated in 1999. An additional population was sprayed in 1999. 6. CALM staff from CALM’s Albany District Office regularly monitor populations, particularly in relation to the effectiveness of phosphite application and the impact of Phytophthora cinnamomi. 7. The Albany District Threatened Flora Recovery Team (ADTFRT) is overseeing the implementation of this IRP and will include it in its annual report to CALM’s Corporate Executive and funding bodies. IRP Objective: The objective of this Interim Recovery Plan is to abate identified threats and maintain or enhance in situ populations to ensure the long-term preservation of the species in the wild. Recovery criteria Criteria for success: The number of individuals within populations and/or the number of populations have increased. 3 Interim Recovery Plan for Isopogon uncinatus Criteria for failure: The number of individuals within populations and/or the number of populations have decreased. Recovery actions 1. Coordinate recovery actions. 7. Monitor populations. 2. Apply phosphite. 8. Collect seed and cutting material. 3. Monitor the impact of phosphite. 9. Vest reserve #27107 with the Conservation Commission. 4. Conduct further surveys. 10. Obtain biological and ecological information. 5. Develop and implement a fire management 11. Promote awareness. strategy. 6. Notify and liaise with relevant land managers. 12. Write a full Recovery Plan. 4 Interim Recovery Plan for Isopogon uncinatus 1. BACKGROUND History Robert Brown described Isopogon uncinatus in 1830 from collections made from King George Sound area by William Baxter in 1828. A further nine collections have been made since and are held at the Regional Herbarium, Albany and the Western Australian Herbarium in Perth. Two populations were known in 1988 and C. Robinson1 found three more populations in 1992 and 1993. In 1995, 1999 and 2000 CALM staff discovered four further populations. In summer 1997 a fire burnt most of Populations 1, 4, 7, 8 and 9 in Torndirrup National Park, with only a small number of adult plants surviving. Recruitment of seedlings at Populations 4 and 9 was observed in 1999 and 2000. Isopogon uncinatus is currently known from nine populations totalling less than 100 adult plants. Several populations are threatened from dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) and canker. Description Isopogon uncinatus is a small shrub 15 to 30 cm high and a similar width across, with very short stems. It has entire, sword-like leaves with a curved apex. Young leaves are hooked (uncinate) and topped with small points, while mature leaves are petiolate and up to 30 cm long. Flower heads are aggravated. Cone scales are lanceolate and villous, the outer scales broad and inner ones narrow. Small yellow flowers are produced in early November (Brown, 1830; Sainsbury, 1987). Isopogon uncinatus is difficult to identify without close examination. In particular, its leaves are very similar in shape to Conospermum capitatum. Distribution and habitat Isopogon uncinatus is endemic to Western Australia where it is confined to the Albany area. Soil is seasonally damp, shallow sandy-clay over granite, or gravelly soil from decomposed laterite over granite, in saddles between summit rocks. Associated vegetation is heath, (Robinson and Coates, 1995). Associated species include Hakea elliptica, Anthocercis viscosa, Banksia verticillata, Agonis marginata, Acacia myrtifolia, Verticordia plumosa, Eucalyptus marginata, Andersonia sprengelioides, Adenanthos obovatus, Conospermum capitatum, Banksia grandis, Isopogon attenuatus, Eucalyptus calophylla, Agonis parviceps, Isopogon cuneatus, Hakea ceratophylla, Conospermum petiolare, Xanthorrhea platyphylla, Hakea varia, Banksia occidentalis, Dryandra baxteri, Dryandra formosa, Platysace compressa, Nemcia coriacea, Conospermum caeruleum, Hakea ferruginea, Hakea trifurcata, Andersonia caerulea, and Banksia quercifolia. Isopogon uncinatus occurs with the Declared Rare species Banksia brownii, which is ranked as Endangered. Critical Habitat Critical habitat is habitat identified as being critical to the survival of a listed threatened species or community. Habitat means the biophysical medium or media: (a) occupied (continuously, periodically or occasionally) by an organism or group of organisms; or (b) once occupied (continuously, periodically or occasionally) by an organism, or group of organisms, and into which organisms of that kind have the potential to be reintroduced. (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)). The critical habitat of Isopogon uncinatus comprises: The habitat of known populations. 1 Previously Project Officer, CALM Albany District 5 Interim Recovery Plan for Isopogon uncinatus Similar habitat within 200 metres of known populations (these provide potential habitat for natural recruitment). Corridors of remnant vegetation that link populations with other nearby areas of apparently suitable habitat that do not currently contain the subspecies. Areas of similar habitat that may be used for
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