DOCSLIB.ORG

11101111=100M1miammon 2.0 =.11

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
11101111=100M1miammon 2.0 =.11 2.5. IMMINNIN=1.111IMEIMInam 2.2 IMMENIMINIMENMENNEMEN. 11101111=100m1miammon 2.0 =.11, 1.4 1.6 DOCUMENT RESUME ED 056 854 SE 010 425 TITLE Industry and Technology: Keysto Oceanic Development, Volume 2, Panel Reports of theCommission on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources. Engineering and INSTITUTION commission on Marine Science, Resources, Wash., D.C. PUB DATE 69 MOTE 319p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S.Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 ¶CatNo. PR 36.8:M 33/Pv.1-3, $10.25, Sold in setsof 3 volumes only) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 9C-$13.16 DESCRIPTORS Development; Earth Science;*Economic Development; Environment; *Industry; *NaturalResources; *Ocean Engineering; *Oceanology; ResourceMaterials; Technology ABSTRACT This document is the secondof a three-volume series of panel reports compiledby the Commission on MarineScience, Engineering and Resources.Contained in this volume are part V, Report of the Panel onIndustry and Private Investment,and part VI, Report of the Panel onMarine Engineering and Technology.Major recommendations presented in part Vrelate to consolidation of federal functions, multipurposetechnology, and attracting entrepreneurial investment. Thefour chapters following the recommendations in part V reviewthe present status ofindustrial activities and investments,policies to accelerate industrial development of marine resources,and the various oceanindustries. Part VI assesses thepresent national effort inmarine engineering and tehnology andincludes broad guidance for theeconomic and tational development of the U.S. capability in t marine environment. (PR) r,fc' U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. : EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION rms DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO C- (:ED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM TILE PERSON OR ORGANIZXOION OHIO [NATINC;IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN . 7. IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY tO. REPRESENT OFT ICIAL OFFICE OF ECU CATION POSITION OR POLICY , ceanic velopment 1/4 i,.14.1.11.? :kt_likr.:, .... i::44%...'*,`:*.- ......,,t:,,p' trat,...., . ..,. - . ._ r.,...,:::.. ,....,,,,,_,,z-,.&-_ ''''..,"" o., t.l..".., , - es,W ipsb, * :-.... 4 "'' ,..,...._ /414,0416-- A. 40, v. 1114suka,141'-"'',46. * 4' 4 VT1 k. Af5e.4,03 7 e .`0 Volume 2 P,aie-1 Reports U. cOle Comrnissidn e,t,17- on Marine Cience, Engineering and Resources ;Or - 4111Warillli 2 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents,U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Sold in sets of 3volumes only Contents Volume 1Science and Environment Foreword Members of the Commission Panels of the Commission Staff Introduction PartI Report of the Panel on Basic Science PartII Report of the Panel on Environmental Monitoring PartIII Report of the Panel on Management and Development of the Coastal Zone Part IV Report of the Panel on Education, Manpower, and Training Volume 2 Industry and Technology: Keys to Oct:anic Development Part V Report of the Panel on Industry and Private Investment Part VI Report of the Panel on Marine Engineer- ing and Technology Volume 3 Marine Resources and Legal-Political Arrangements for Their Development PartVIIReport of the Panel on Marine e- Part VIII RepotL (tie Intnational Panel Index Part V Report of the Panel on Industry and Private Investment 4 Contents B. Programs in Multipurpose Preface V-1 Technology V-10 C.ature and Extent of Government V-1 Major Recommendations Sponsor ship V-i D. Technology Transfer V-1I Need for Advisory Committee I. II. Supporting Services V-13 II. Need for Consolidation of III.Jurisdiction and Leasing Policies . V-14 Federal Functions V-2 A. Definition of State Boundaries V-3 III.Multipurpose Technology and Baselines V-14 IV.Availability of Capital V-3 B. Definition of National Jurk-dictionV-15 V. SeasteadingA Means To Attract C. Exploration and Lease Terms . V-15 . V-3 Entrepreneurial Investment D. Seasteading V-16 IV.Joint Ventures V-17 Chaptar1 Introduction V-4V. Insurance V-17 A. Offshore Installations . V-17 I. Panel Objectives V-4 B. Personal Injury to Workers II. Potential for Industrial Growth . V-4 Offshore V-17 III.National Interest in the Ocean . V-5VI.Collaboration in Development IV.Government and Industry Roles . V-5 Planning V-18 A. Consolidation of Federal Fu- Chapter 2 PresentStatus V-7 B. Government-Industry Planr Mechanism v -I S 1. Profile of Present Indus, ial Activities V-7 V-21 II. Value of Ocean Activity V-8Chapter 4 Ocean Industries HI. Industry Attitudes Toward Ocean Investments V-8I. Introduction V-21 V-22 IV. Capital Sources and Requirements. V-9 Petroleum III.Natural Gas V-27 V-29 Chapter 3Policies To Accelerate IV.Ocean Mining V-34 Industyial Development of V. Fishing V-42 Marine Resources V-10VI Aquaculture VII. Sea Transportation V-44 V-46 I. Government Sponsored Research VIII. Instruments V-I 0 and Development V-50 A. Survey Programs V-10Acknowledgments Preface Early in its history, the Commission organizedwhich this report was b.eing prepared. In addition, seven panels. Each dealt with a major area ofthe panel participated in formal hearings with interest pertinent to the responsibilities assigned torepresentatives from Federal and State government the Commission by the" Marine Resources and agencies,industry,universities, and non-profit EngineerimDevelopmentActof 1966, P.L.institutioo.s. Finally, the help of Charles C. Conyers 89-454. Thus, a means was provided to focus onand J. Stan Stephan was enlisted for particular the basic problems and to recommend solutions inportions of the text. critical areas. This report is the work of the Panel The report has been carefully reviewed by on Industry and Private Investment. consultants and various experts throughout gov- The panel gathered information from manyernment and industry, to whom the panel is people,'including approximately 150 personalindebted. interviews with key figures. A series of conferences Kenneth Drummond, of Texas instruments, was sponsored by the Ocean Science and Tech- servedas Panel Executive Secretary. Of major nology Advisory Committee (OSTAC) of theassistance to the panel in writing the report were National Security Industrial Association (NSIA) tothe following staff members: Timothy J. Coleman, assist the panel. The panel utilized detailed state- Union Carbide Corp.; James W. Drewry, University ments and reports provided by: OSTAC; the of Virginia; Amor L. Lane, American Machine & National Chamber of Commerce; the Oceano-Foundry Co.; and R. Lawrence Snideman II, The graphic Committee of the National Association ofOceanic Foundation. The panel greatly appreciates Manufacturers; the National Academy of Engi-the contributions of these individuals and the time neering, Committee on Ocean Engineering; the made available by their organizations. National Oceanography Association; and various organizations under contract to the Commission Respectfully submitted, and the National Council on Marine Resources and Richard A. Geyer, Chairman Engineering Development. Much information was Charles F. Baird derived fiom symposia sponsored by various tech- Taylor A. Pryor nical societies and universities during the period in George H. Sullivan 1Individuals making primary contributions axe listed in Appendix A. 6 v-i Major Recommen datim ts This chapter includes summaries of highlightRecommendation: recommendations which are applicabletotheAn advisory committee composed of representa- broad sector of ocean industries. tives appointed by the President from private industry, States and regions, and the academic community sholld be statutorily created. This I. NEED FOR ADVISORY COMMITTEE committee would participate in the establishment and longhave of Natiwal marine goals and objectives TheGovernment andindustry provide continuing guidance to thz FederalGov- worked together at all levels in marine-oriented activities. To aid in the design and implementationernment. of a meaningful National program future Govern- ment planning should continue to encourageand II. NEED FOR CONSOLIDATION OFFED- anticipate information and advice from industry. The Government also should solicitinformation ERAL FUNCTIONS and guidance from the States and the academic Many Federal agencies have responsibilities in community. This need will iwzrease as ocean re-the ocean, but to date no strong focus and in some source development accelerates with an accom-instances no clear delineation ofresponsibility panying inclease in multiple use conflicts. exist. The present need for closer cooperation has Federal programs andfunctions should be intensified for several reasons: consolidated to: Development of ocean resources is accelerating.Enable improved planning and direction of This rapid development, accompanied by in-marine programs. creased awareness of the ocean's vast potential andProvide more efficient and meaningful services concern with pollution and conservation,requiresthrough better utilization of Government man- the most efficient mobilization of the Nation'spower, funds, and facilities. capability. Much of this capability already exists both without and within the Government, includ-Permit more efficient conduct of non-military ing extensivefacilities, trained manpower, andresearch znd development req,Lred for expanded experience in the development and use of marinemarine activities. resources. Provide a means for handling special problems The accelerated development of marine resources relatedtosmall,ocean-oriented businesses of has revealed thatitisimperative to achieve critical importance. understanding between multiple users in order toProvide a focus for information and technology
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Deep-Sea Observations at Hydrocarbon Drilling Locations: Contributions from the SERPENT Project After 120 Field Visits Andrew Gates University of Southampton
    University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 2017 Deep-sea observations at hydrocarbon drilling locations: contributions from the SERPENT Project after 120 field visits Andrew Gates University of Southampton Mark Benfield Louisiana State University David Booth University of Technology Sydney Ashley Fowler University of Technology Sydney Danielle Skropeta University of Wollongong, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Publication Details Gates, A. R., Benfield, M. C., Booth, D. J., Fowler, A. M., Skropeta, D. & Jones, D. O.B.. (2017). Deep-sea observations at hydrocarbon drilling locations: contributions from the SERPENT Project after 120 field visits. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 137 463-479. Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Deep-sea observations at hydrocarbon drilling locations: contributions from the SERPENT Project after 120 field visits Abstract The ERS PENT Project has been running for over ten years. In this time scientists from universities and research institutions have made more than 120 visits to oil rigs, drill ships and survey vessels operated by 16 oil companies, in order to work with the industry's Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV). Visits have taken place in Europe, North and South America, Africa and Australasia at water depths from 100 m to nearly 3000 m. The project has directly produced >40 peer reviewed publications and data from the project's >2600 entry online image and video archive have been used in many others.
    [Show full text]
  • Baoguang Zhai Gisposter
    Mapping new FronƟers— Use Socioeconomic lenses to find the best coastal ciƟes for seasteading Introduction Seasteading means the creaon and growth of permanent, autonomous ocean communies, or “seasteads,” to promote greater compeon and innovaon in polical and social systems. Seasteads will give people the opportunity to peacefully test new ideas about how to live togeth‐ er. The most successful will become thriving floang cies—inspiring change around the world. Since the founding of the Seasteading Instute in 2008 by the partnership of Patri Friedman, grandson of renowned economist Milton Friedman, and Silicon Valley investor and philanthropist Peter Thiel, the seasteading movement has been geng more and more aenon and recogni‐ on both within the US and across the world. Therefore, it is natural for seasteaders to look around the enre oceans of the world and study the most promising locaons for seasteading communies. The country is poliƟcally and economically liberal. The first spots for seasteading City Country Seasteading Score need to be more polically liberal, otherwise the seastead faces the danger of its estate Phase 2 City selecƟon - A city needs to sasfy two standards for it to be suitable for being expropriated by the government. For a seastead to be autonomous and funcon‐ New York United States 91.41 seasteading: ing, it also requires that the countries where the seasteads are located at to have rela‐ Stockholm Sweden 86.12 vely less economic regulaon and less government and tax burdens. The city is considered to be an important node in the global economic system. It is Dublin Ireland 85.79 a crucial strategy to build a seastead as a site of Amsterdam Netherlands 85.42 The economy of the country is compeƟƟve at building innovaƟve products and ser- aracon and a showcase for new ideas and max‐ Sydney Australia 85.15 vices.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocean Thinki Ng
    Ocean Thinki ng The Work of Ocean Sciences, Scientists, and Technologies in Producing the Sea as Space Susannah Crockford Ⅲ ABSTRACT: How do scientists produce the ocean as space through their work and words? In this article, I examine how the techniques and tools of oceanographers con- stitute ocean science. Bringing theoretical literature from science and technology stud- ies on how scientists “do” science into conversation with fi ne-grained ethnographic and sociological accounts of scientists in the fi eld, I explore how ocean science is made, produced, and negotiated. Within this central concern, the technologies used to obtain data draw particular focus. Juxtaposed with this literature is a corpus by ocean scien- tists about their own work as well as interview data from original research. Examining the diff erences between scientists’ self-descriptions and analyses of them by social sci- entists leads to a productive exploration of how ocean science is constituted and how this work delineates the ocean as a form of striated space. Th is corpus of literature is placed in the context of climate change in the fi nal section. Ⅲ KEYWORDS: anthropology of science, climate change, oceans, oceanography, science and technology studies, sociology of science, space and place Th inking about the Ocean “When I think of climate . it’s very much shaped by, I think, my ocean thinking . ” When I asked a paleoceanographer about changes in the climate around southern Iceland, he answered by referencing ocean circulation patterns and the layering of subtropical and subpolar waters.1 What this answer highlighted was the pivotal role of the ocean in the functioning of Earth systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Your New Life in Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-Of-Living and Live Well on “!E Island of !E Gods”
    Your New Life In Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-of-Living And Live Well On “!e Island Of !e Gods” An International Living Australia Report www.ilaustralia.com International Living Australia 1 Your New Life in Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-Of-Living and Live Well On “The Island Of The Gods” An International Living Australia Report Authors: Kirsten and Mark Raccuia Editors: Laura Doyle and Barbara Ross Copyeditor: Katherine Beem Designer: Ian Fleming Cover Photo: ©iStockphoto.com/Cn0ra ©iStockphoto.com/nakonechnyy ©iStockphoto.com/kapulya ©flickr.com/Eoin Bassett ISBN: 978-1-911260-11-0 126STBALR ©Copyright 2017. International Living Australia Publishing Ltd., Woodlock House, Carrick Road, Portlaw, Co. Waterford, Ireland. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without the express written consent of the publisher. The information contained herein is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Registered in Ireland No.285214 Table of Contents Intoduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Chapter One ....................................................................................................... 5 Bali: An Overview ......................................................................................5 Hinduism Shapes the Island .......................................................................5 European In!uence .....................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • '.L~:'I~' ,,:':;'.' ' ,:' Of.Prob1ems Concerning Wages, Hours, and Other Terms and Conditions of Elltploymejlt of the Employees of the Oi Ty of San Anselmo ' Ffi ("
    {,~: ."4 ~' '--'~:': l~~'~"!"'-I,~;;-~~~;::'~ ':',~ .. '~":;';/Ie~-.:~~:r;:~~~"~",:,-"'" i ~ T:·:;i~:0J~~~W~T1.W_Yrl'!'ft""t;\:'l;~~ (} '. 'C":'~ ..... I$soliir,ifit~IS:' '. ~ 1417 Protest of massive t0wers: on resi,dential streets by Utility Oompany 1418 Claims & Demands - September, 1972 '. 1419 Support of Federal-Aid Urban System 1420 Request Marin County Board of Supervisors adopt Resolution requesting State Dept. of Public Works approve procedures for determining Fed. Aid-est. Fed. Aid Urban System Comm. 1421 Accepting e~sement for street purposes over and upon certain real property from Geo. C. & Lois J. Davison . 1422 Report of Cost & Assessment-San Francisco Blvd. between SFD & City Limits allowing payment of asse'ssments in installments. 1423 Opposition to Proposition 14 and urging its defeat in November 1424 Claims & Demands - October, 1972 1425 Setting Policy for orderly destruc~ion of records-City Clerk's Offioe & Finance , . Office 'r. vC t C"C-4•• ~ .. ' 1426 Authorizing agreement for the Purchase of Tax Deeded Property from County of Marine,) 1427 Acoeptance ,of improvements on a portion of Laurel Avenue (i:>c .zCc S'~(;-( 1428 Claims & Demands - November, 1972 1429 Transfer of territory in S.A.· owned by Robert B. Hamil ton & Mr. & Mrs. Harry Kupbens, to San, Rafael 1430 Fee for a Design Review application 1431 Claims & Demands - December, 1972 1432 Intention to Incur bonded indebtedness for acquisition of, Open Spaoe. Lands (Election­ 1433 Appointing speoial bond counsel and authorizing execution of agreement (Election)
    [Show full text]
  • “Empress” Captain's Log *3–7 August 2016
    “Empress” Captain’s log *3–7 August 2016 *Air Temp. 28 C *Water Temp. 26 C - 28 C CREW: Captain: Mappeare Cruise Director: Michal Chief Officer: Saepudin Chief Engineer: Ruslan 2nd Engineer: Basri Chef: Jus Divemaster: Pii DIVE SITES: Th: Sea Fan Coral Garden, Trawangan Slope – Gili Trawangan Fr: Usat Liberty, Jemeluk Wall & Bay, Gili Tepekong, Blue Lagoon - Bali Sa: Crystal Bay, Manta Point, Lembongan drift, Barbecue on the beach Su: Ped, Secret Garden, The Sand, The Sand night dive GUESTS: Peter, Bianca, Kristina, Felix, Rune and Ellen. Wednesday August 3rd We picked up our guest from Senggigi and brought them to the boat in the late morning. We accommodated the guests in their cabins, set all the gear and made our way to Gili Islands. We picked up 2 of our guests in Gili Trawangan and after diving briefing we started our first dive. We started our first dive of our trip at Sea Fan Coral Garden. During this dive we found 2 cuttle fish, commensal shrimp, tiny crinoid crab and schooling of neon fusiliers. From place to place we saw nice big gorgonian sea fans. During the second part of the dive we stayed at shallow reef and spotted swimming moray eel. Visibility was reaching 15 m. and there was a mild current. Our chef prepared lunch lunch and moved to south of Gili Trawangan where we dove at Trawangan Slope. This time swell raised and we jumped away on 15 m. depth. At the very beginning we spotted a turtle and red mantis shrimp. At the second part of the dive we saw puffer fish, sweet lips fish and many bat fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Case Studies Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Case Studies Table of Contents
    RENEWABLES IN CITIES 2021 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT CASE STUDIES RENEWABLES IN CITIES 2021 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT CASE STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Adelaide, Australia . 1 Cape Town, South Africa. 2 Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire . 3 8 Dakar, Senegal . 4 17 11 5 Heidelberg, Germany . 5 15 Jakarta, Indonesia . 6 Kampala, Uganda . 7 10 13 Malmö, Sweden . 8 4 North Lombok Regency, Indonesia . 9 16 Orlando, United States . 10 3 18 7 Oxford, United Kingdom . 11 6 14 9 Palmas, Brazil . 12 Rajkot, India . 13 12 Recife, Brazil . 14 2 1 Seoul, Republic of Korea. 15 Tsévié, Togo . 16 Vancouver, Canada . 17 Yaoundé IV, Cameroon . 18 For further details and access to the full report and references, visit www .ren21 .net/cities See Endnotes and Methodological Notes in the full REC for further details on the information presented in this document . REPORT CITATION | REN21 (2021), Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report (Paris: REN21 Secretariat) . Dies ist ein Muster Text-Beispiel 50,000 CITY SNAPSHOTS ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA Land area Population size Greenhouse gas emissions 2 (km ) (2019) (CO2 equivalent) GHG 1 15.6 1.3 million 360,759 tonnes As part of a power purchase agreement, the City of Adelaide’s In addition, the Carbon Neutral Adelaide Action Plan provides municipal operations have been powered by 100% renewables incentives to create new economic opportunities and to support since July 2020, using electricity generated from wind farms the business sector. Building upgrade finance provided by private in mid-north South Australia and new solar PV farms on Eyre financiers in partnership with the local council helps to improve Peninsula and in the South East.
    [Show full text]
  • Floating Cities: One Group's Idea for Adapting to Climate Change by Washington Post, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 04.10.19 Word Count 909 Level 1060L
    Floating cities: one group's idea for adapting to climate change By Washington Post, adapted by Newsela staff on 04.10.19 Word Count 909 Level 1060L A rendering of an Oceanix floating city as seen from above. Photo by: Oceanix/Bjarke Ingels Group As waters rise due to climate change — the overall warming of Earth — cities along coastlines are in increasing danger due to the resulting rise in sea levels. So, a nonprofit group called Oceanix is seeking alternative habitats. Oceanix is building a floating island as an experimental solution, the company told the United Nations (U.N.) habitat program April 3. The U.N. is a group that fosters cooperation among countries. The U.N. habitat program's focus is on human settlements. Their work involves making sure people in cities have safe places to live. Self-Sustaining Cities The buoyant islands would be linked together into floating, self-sustaining cities. They would rise with sea levels and are built to withstand hurricanes, according to a group of architects, engineers and developers who met at the U.N. headquarters. The prototype, or initial version, will be a small-scale kind that could be ready within months, said Marc Collins Chen. He's a founder of This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. Oceanix and a former politician from French Polynesia, a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean. Officials at the U.N. welcomed the proposal. However, they have not officially joined the plan to create floating cities. The idea might sound unreal, but coastal cities are running out of land.
    [Show full text]
  • Palau Declaration on the Ocean Life and Future
    Palau Declaration on ‘The Ocean: Life and Future’ Charting a course to sustainability Importance of the Ocean to us 1. As Leaders of the Pacific Islands Forum, we have and will continue to play a central role in the stewardship of one of the greatest natural endowments in the world – the Pacific Ocean. It is the lifeblood of our economies and societies and is crucial to global climatic and environmental stability. It is the fabric of unity upon which we have woven individual and collective relationships and agreements on sustainable development, now and into the future. The Ocean is our Life and our Future. The people of the Pacific Ocean are a living testament to that truth. Our way of life, our culture, our direction and our actions should reflect that truth, as it is our very identity: People of the Ocean. 2. The well-being of our Pacific people remains the central point of reference and convergence for our efforts to sustainably develop, manage and conserve our Pacific Ocean and its resources. This is made all the more important as many of our countries are faced with: increased dependency on imported foods; a growing Non-Communicable Disease crisis in Pacific communities; slow to moderate economic growth rates; high transport costs; fossil fuel dependency; growing urbanization; growing population rates and adverse impacts from climate change. The health and productivity of the Pacific Ocean is significant for all of these development challenges, now and into the future. Threats to the Ocean and populations 3. In our lifetime, a dangerous combination of human impacts has come to threaten the foundation of our Pacific livelihoods, which centers largely on the Pacific Ocean, and indeed those of the rest of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles
    The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles The Chinese Navy Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles Saunders, EDITED BY Yung, Swaine, PhILLIP C. SAUNderS, ChrISToPher YUNG, and Yang MIChAeL Swaine, ANd ANdreW NIeN-dzU YANG CeNTer For The STUdY oF ChINeSe MilitarY AffairS INSTITUTe For NATIoNAL STrATeGIC STUdIeS NatioNAL deFeNSe UNIverSITY COVER 4 SPINE 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY COVER.indd 3 COVER 1 11/29/11 12:35 PM The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 1 11/29/11 12:37 PM 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 2 11/29/11 12:37 PM The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles Edited by Phillip C. Saunders, Christopher D. Yung, Michael Swaine, and Andrew Nien-Dzu Yang Published by National Defense University Press for the Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs Institute for National Strategic Studies Washington, D.C. 2011 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 3 11/29/11 12:37 PM Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Defense or any other agency of the Federal Government. Cleared for public release; distribution unlimited. Chapter 5 was originally published as an article of the same title in Asian Security 5, no. 2 (2009), 144–169. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Used by permission. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Chinese Navy : expanding capabilities, evolving roles / edited by Phillip C. Saunders ... [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report of the Commissioners Of
    Public Document No. 42 MASS. Cfje Commontoealtf) of e@a00acfmsett0 DOCS. COLL. ANNUAL REPORT THE COMMISSIONERS Massachusetts Nautical School FOR THE Year ending November 30, 1925 Massachusetts Nautical School Department of Education Publication of this Document appboved by the Commission on Administration and Finance 850 1-26 Order 3987 Cfte Commontoealtf) of $$&$$ut)mttt$ DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. PAYSON SMITH, Commissioner of Education. COMMISSIONERS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS NAUTICAL SCHOOL. 14 Beacon Street, Boston. FRANCIS T. BOWLES, Chairman. WILLIAM E. McKAY. CLARENCE E. PERKINS. WILLIAM H. DIMICK, Secretary. REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS. To the Commissioner of Education. The Commissioners of the Massachusetts Nautical School have the honor to submit their report for the year ending November 30, 1925, the thirty-fourth annual report. The Massachusetts Nautical School, created under an act of the General Court of 1891, is now in its thirty-fifth year of active service. Two thousand three hundred and eighty-five sons of citizens of Massachusetts have entered the school, 1,190 have completed the course and received diplomas, and of these about 95 per cent have served at sea in the merchant marine of the United States or are em- ployed in connection with shipping. The ship upon which the school is conducted is loaned by the United States Navy, and maintained in repair by the Navy. The Federal Government con- tributes annually under an act of Congress, the sum of $25,000 towards the main- tenance of the school. The Commonwealth appropriates the balance of the cost of maintenance, about $65,000 each year. The present ship, formerly the U.S.S.
    [Show full text]
  • EXTENDED COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS of PRESENT and FUTURE USE of INDONESIAN CORAL REEFS an Empirical Approach to Sustainable Management of Tropical Marine Resources
    Aus dem Institut für Agrarökonomie der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel EXTENDED COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF PRESENT AND FUTURE USE OF INDONESIAN CORAL REEFS An Empirical Approach to Sustainable Management of Tropical Marine Resources Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Agrar-und Ernährungswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Magister of Science Achmad Fahrudin aus Jakarta (Indonesien) Kiel, November 2003 Dekan : Prof. Dr. Friedhelm Taube Erster Berichterstatter : Prof. Dr. Christian Noell Zweiter Berichterstatter : Prof. Dr. Franciscus Colijn Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 06.11.2003 i Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel ii Zusammenfassung Korallen stellen einen wichtigen Faktor der indonesischen Wirtschaft dar. Im Vergleich zu anderen Ländern weisen die Korallenriffe Indonesiens die höchsten Schädigungen auf. Das zerstörende Fischen ist ein Hauptgrund für die Degradation der Korallenriffe in Indonesien, so dass das Gesamtsystem dieser Fangpraxis analysiert werden muss. Dazu wurden im Rahmen dieser Studie die Standortbedingungen der Korallen erfasst, die Hauptnutzungen mit ihren jeweiligen Auswirkungen und typischen Merkmale der Nutzungen bestimmt sowie die politische Haltung der gegenwärtigen Regierung gegenüber diesem Problemfeld untersucht. Die Feldarbeit wurde in der Zeit von März 2001 bis März 2002 an den Korallenstandorten Seribu Islands (Jakarta), Menjangan Island (Bali) und Gili Islands
    [Show full text]