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New York Antiquarian Book Fair 2018

John Adams Writes Mercy Otis Warren

1. Adams, John: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM JOHN ADAMS TO MERCY OTIS WARREN]. Quincy [Ma.]. Nov. 24, 1813. [2]pp. Quarto. Old fold lines. A few small spots of foxing, faint stain from wax seal. Very good. In a folio-sized half morocco and cloth clamshell box, leather labels.

A warm letter from former President John Adams to his dear friend and writer, Mercy Otis Warren, with whom he had been recently reconciled after their long falling out. Throughout the Revolutionary period, historian, poet, and drama- tist Mercy Otis Warren actively corresponded on political matters with numerous leaders, including Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Patrick Henry, , , and especially John Adams, who became her literary mentor in those early years of unrest. In 1805 her literary career culminated with the publication of THE HISTORY OF THE RISE, PROGRESS, AND TERMINATION OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The book’s sharp criticisms of Adams - that his passions and prejudices often debilitated his judgment and that he had demonstrated a distinct lean- ing toward monarchy during his sojourn in England - led to a heated correspondence and a breach in their friendship in 1807. After nearly five years Elbridge Gerry managed to effect a reconciliation between Mercy and Abigail and John. It was Mrs. Adams who sent word to Mercy on Sept. 15, 1813 that her daughter, Nabby, had died of breast cancer a month earlier. Adams’ opening salutation in this letter likely refers to condolences sent by Warren, and suggests that Nabby’s death prompted an invitation to visit her:

“I am very much obliged to you for your civilities to my wife, my son, Coll Smith and my granddaughters. My girls have long expressed an earnest desire to see Madam Warren, and have been highly gratified by their visit and very grateful for the kind hospitality, the social enjoyments and instructive conversations they experienced. I congratulate you Madam on the happy marriage of a granddaughter who once obliged us with a very short visit. I was delighted with her manners and accomplishments, and found her visit much too short. May every blessing attend her and all your family, in whose prosperity I take a constant interest.”

Adams moves beyond the opening exchange of family pleasantries to discuss Thomas McKean’s comments on Mrs. War- ren’s late brother, the brilliant but erratic James Otis, Jr., at the 1765 Stamp Act Congress. “Governor M.Keans notice of your brother I thought worth preserving in your family. The oddity of the dialogue and the particular moment of its composition were the circumstances that made it rather an object of curiosity than use. I think however the traits of character are correct.” In a letter from McKean to Adams dated Aug. 20, 1813, McKean reminisces about the Stamp Act Congress that convened in New York on Oct. 7 to elect a president of that body: “In the Congress of 1765, there were several conspicuous characters. Mr. James Otis appeared to be the boldest and best speaker. I voted for him as our Presi- dent, but Brigadier Ruggles succeeded by one vote, owing to the number of the committee from New York, as we voted individually” (THE WORKS OF JOHN ADAMS, X, pp.60-62). Adams then moves on to further reflection on the rest of her family of ardent patriots: “I know not madam what your father [James Otis, Sr.], your husband [James Warren] or your brother would think of these times.” Adams, however, is reluctant to conjecture about what the future might hold for America. “A mighty effort of nature is in operation that no understanding below that Providence which superintends and directs it, can comprehend. An entire separation, in government at least, between America and seems to be commencing: but what will be its course when and how it will terminate; and what influence it will have upon Asia and Africa, no living man, I believe will pretend to foresee.” Nevertheless, Adams believes that he, Mercy, and their fellow patriots had long since laid the necessary groundwork for the political sanguinity of America, but whose fate no longer lay in their hands, due to advanced age. “We have acted our parts. The curtain will soon be drawn upon us. We must leave the future to that Providence which has protected us in the past. This sentiment of duty and interest I doubt not, Madam, will be approved by you; as I hope it is reallized [sic] with gratitude, and entire confidence and submission by your old friend and respectful humble servant.”

A cordial letter to an old friend, showing a more mature and philosophical John Adams. Warren was eighty-five at the time - she was older than Adams - and she died less than a year later. $42,500. The Aitken Bible: The First English Bible Printed in America

2. [Aitken Bible]: Aitken, Robert (printer & publisher): THE HOLY BIBLE, CONTAINING THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS: NEWLY TRANSLATED OUT OF THE ORIGINAL TONGUES; AND WITH THE FORMER TRANSLATIONS DILIGENTLY COMPARED AND REVISED. Philadelphia: Printed and sold by Robert Aitken, 1781-1782. Two parts bound in one volume. [1452]pp., text in two columns. Complete with title-leaves to both the Old and New Testaments, along with the certification leaf from Congress (bound between the Old Testament and New Testament). 12mo. Contemporary sheep. Minor loss to lower portion of spine. Old dampstain in upper right corner of the titlepage, scattered light staining. Very good. In a red morocco clamshell case. Provenance: Joshua Coit (signature dated 1783); William L. Learned (signature dated 1856).

The Aitken Bible is one of the most celebrated American bibles, being the first complete English Bible printed in America. During the colonial era the monopoly on printing English bibles belonged to the Royal Printer, and the colonies were supplied entirely with bibles printed in England. The first Bible printed in the British colonies in America was the famous Eliot Indian Bible, in Algonquin, issued in Cambridge in 1661-63 and reprinted in 1680-85. The 18th century saw the printing of bibles in German. With the American Revolution, the British monopoly on English-language bibles naturally ended, and the embargo on goods from England acted to create a shortage. Aitken, a Philadelphia printer, undertook the task, producing the New Testament in 1781 and the Old Testament in 1782. On completion, he petitioned the Continental Congress for their endorsement and received it in September 1782. Because of this official endorsement and the reasons behind its production, the Aitken Bible is often referred to as “The Bible of the Revolution.” This high spot amongst printed Americana has become very difficult to find in any condition. The present example, despite minor faults, is a very nice copy of a work almost inevitably found in poor condition, here in a contemporary American binding.

This copy was owned by Joshua Coit (1758-98), a graduate of Harvard who served several terms in the Connecticut House of Representatives before being elected as a representative of that state to the U.S. House of Representatives, serving in Congress from 1793 to 1798.

A major rarity in American bibles and American printing. DARLOW & MOULE 928. SABIN 5165. EVANS 17101, 17473. HILDEBURN 4126, 4184. ESTC W4490. HILLS 11. O’CALLAHAN, p.31. $150,000.

An Important New York Revolutionary Broadside

3. [American Revolution]: [New York]: TO ALL TRUE WHIGS, AND PARTICULARLY TO SUCH AS ARE INDEPENDENT ELECTORS OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF NEW YORK...[caption title]. New York. Sept. 28, 1775. Small broadside, approximately 9 x 8 inches. Marginal chips and tears, with adhesive residue on blank verso. Light tanning, good. In a half morocco box.

An extremely rare revolutionary-era New York broadside, promulgated by the Friends to Liberty in September, 1775, encouraging electors to reject sitting pro-British Aldermen and Council members in the upcoming election in favor of candidates that supported independence. The short text reads:

“Gentlemen, The Conduct of several of the Magistrates of this City, having for a considerable Time been so notoriously inimical and unfriendly to the Liberties of this Country, and diametrically opposite to the Sentiments of a number of their Constituents; who, therefore, without any private Pique, or party Resentment, but purely to promote and serve the general Cause, have agreed to choose the undermentioned Gentlemen as Guardians of their City Liberties for the ensuing Year; they having shown a hearty Disposition to serve their oppressed and bleeding Country; and are therefore recommended to all true Friends of American Liberty....”

The broadside goes on to name fourteen men, one candidate for Alderman and Common Council in each of the seven wards of New York City, and to call for a meeting of the Friends to Liberty at the Liberty Pole to take place at 8 o’clock the next morning.

A fascinating, highly ephemeral, and rare piece of early Revolutionary history in New York. ESTC locates only one copy of this broadside, at the Library of Congress.

ESTC W6713. EVANS 14485. $19,500.

One of the Rarest of Russian Accounts

4. Berkh, Vasilii Nikolaevich: PERVOE MORSKOE PUTESHESTVIE ROSSIIAN... [trans.: FIRST RUSSIAN SEA VOYAGE...CARRIED OUT IN 1727, 28, AND 29 UNDER THE COMMAND OF VITUS BERING...]. St. Petersburg. 1823. [3],iv,126pp. plus folding table and map. Half title. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards, bound in antique style, spine gilt, leather label. Small closed tear to map from lower gutter margin, neatly repaired. Light dust soiling and occasional faint foxing. A near fine copy. Untrimmed.

The extremely rare and significant first comprehensive report of Bering’s landmark first Kamchatka Expedition, based on newly discovered eyewitness accounts. Bering’s first voyage, which which lasted from 1725 to 1730, was Russia’s first scientific naval voyage and confirmed the separation of Asia and America. Vasillii Berkh wrote several books about Alaska and scientific or naval discoveries resulting from Russian sea explorations.

“His works are authoritative and are the culmination of a thorough research for which he often used original source material. The present work is based largely on the manuscript journal of Warrant Officer Peter Chaplin, who was with Bering on the latter’s first expedition and sailed with him on the Sviatoi Gavriil. Berkh also used material from Chirikov’s incomplete journal of the same voyage. These manuscript journals were accidentally discovered by Berkh in the State Archives of the Russian Admiralty, thus providing original source material of two participants in a historical event of great importance” - Lada-Mocarski. The map compiled by Berkh outlines Bering’s track in 1728 and 1729, showing Kamchatka, Bering Strait and a small part of Alaska, and biographies of Bering, Spanberg, Chirikov, and Chapin are contained at the rear. “An important source on the voyage of discovery sent out by Peter the Great” - Eberstadt.

One of the rarest of the Lada-Mocarski titles, it has only appeared at auction once, at the Martin Greene sale, where it brought $17,500. HOWES B377, “b.” LADA-MOCARSKI 87. TOURVILLE 531. WICKERSHAM 6094. $18,500.

The Official Account of the Bounty Expedition

5. Bligh, William: A VOYAGE TO THE SOUTH SEA, UNDERTAKEN BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY, FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONVEYING THE BREAD-FRUIT TREE TO THE WEST INDIES, IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP THE BOUNTY, COMMANDED BY LIEUTENANT WILLIAM BLIGH. INCLUDING AN ACCOUNT OF THE MUTINY ON BOARD THE SAID SHIP, AND THE SUBSEQUENT VOYAGE OF PART OF THE CREW, IN THE SHIP’S BOAT, FROM TOFOA, ONE OF THE FRIENDLY ISLANDS, TO TIMOR, A DUTCH SETTLEMENT IN THE EAST INDIES. London: Printed for George Nicol, 1792. Stipple-engraved portrait frontispiece of Bligh by J. Condé after J. Russell, seven engraved plates, charts, and plans (comprising one plate of a breadfruit, two folding plans, four charts [three folding]). Quarto. Expertly bound to style in half 18th-century russia and contemporary marbled boards, spine gilt, red morocco label. Very good. Untrimmed.

The full official account of the Bounty expedition, the famous mutiny, and Bligh’s miraculous navigation to safety, in a fine, uncut copy. This work “includes a revised version of the text of Bligh’s narrative of the mutiny, previously published in London in 1790....This account was based upon Bligh’s journal but was written, edited and seen through the press by James Burney, under the supervision of Sir Joseph Banks, during Bligh’s absence from London while on his second breadfruit voyage on the Providence” (Hill). The most remarkable part of the narrative is undoubtedly Bligh’s account of the voyage in the Bounty’s twenty-three-foot launch. His achievement of safely navigating an open vessel packed with nineteen men a distance of four thousand miles without serious mishap is almost without parallel in the history of ocean travel. This copy is a lovely, wide-margined example. COX II, p.305. DU RIETZ 93. FERGUSON 125. HILL 135. MENDELSSOHN II:1117. SABIN 5910. WANTRUP 62a. $12,000.

A Political Rarity

6. [Bollan, William]: CONTINUED CORRUPTION, STANDING ARMIES, AND POPULAR DISCONTENTS CONSIDERED; AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ENGLISH COLONIES IN AMERICA, WITH VARI- OUS SUBSEQUENT PROCEEDINGS, AND THE PRESENT CONTESTS, EXAMINED, WITH INTENT TO PROMOTE THEIR CORDIAL AND PERPETUAL UNION WITH THEIR MOTHER COUNTRY, FOR THEIR MUTUAL HONOUR, COMFORT, STRENGTH, AND SAFETY. London: Printed, and Sold by J. Almon, 1768. 82pp. plus frontispiece bound in after titlepage. Quarto. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Very minor foxing and soiling. Very good.

The only edition of this scarce defense of American liberties and freedoms, issued in the wake of the Townshend Acts. William Bollan was born in England but educated in America, where he built a successful law career in Boston. He served as the Massachusetts colonial agent in London from 1745 to 1762, when he was removed as a result of clashing political factions in the colony. Accused by some in the Bay Colony of being too subservient to the imperial center at the expense of the colonial periphery, Bollan spent much of his time after 1762 producing pamphlets on the brewing political crisis between the Crown and the colonies, always striving for reconciliation between the two. Bollan sees the Townshend Acts, which imposed revenue duties on the colonies for reasons other than direct defense, as evidence of political corruption in the British government, but not as reason enough to sever the ties between England and her colonies. He harkens back to the history of the Roman Empire, drawing comparisons to the current situation. The lovely plate, engraved by Bartolozzi, represents a British “Lady Liberty,” with an olive branch in hand but with a shield close at hand.

Not in Cohen, although he lists several other works by Bollan. Very scarce on the market. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 68-2. HOWES B576, “aa.” SABIN 6210. ESTC N1000. $7500. The Islands of the Old and , and the Conquest of

7. Bordone, Benedetto: ISOLARIO DI BENEDETTO BORDONE NEL QUAL SI RAGIONA DI TUTTE L’ISOLE DEL MONDO.... RICORETO, & DI NUOUO RISTAMPATO. : Federico Toresano, 1547. [10],74 leaves. Title- page printed in red and black, with ornamental woodcut border, woodcut initials throughout. Full-page diagram of a world map and windroses; four woodcut -page or folding maps; four smaller double-page maps; 103 other woodcut maps and plans scattered through the text. Small folio. Contemporary limp vellum, manuscript title on spine. Vellum somewhat wrinkled, with a few small tears along edges and spine. 18th century library shelf label on spine. Occasional faint foxing, small patch of dampstaining at fore-edge of rear leaves. Very good, in original condition.

First Aldine edition, and third overall, of Benedetto Bordone’s important geographical compendium with early New World maps, containing a second printing of the earliest description in book form of Pizarro’s conquest of Peru.

Benedetto Bordone was born in and worked in Venice as a geographer, cartographer, illuminator, and wood-engraver. It is believed that he was the creator of the first globe printed in . First published by Nicolò d’Aristotile detto Zoppino in 1528 under the title LIBRO DI BENEDETTO BORDONE NEL QUAL SI RAGIONA DE TUTTE L’ISOLE DEL MONDO. The second edition printed in 1534, also by Zoppino, reused the same woodblocks for the maps, but appeared with a different title. The present edition kept the title of the second edition but used different woodblocks for the cuts.

This work offers an illustrated guide to islands and peninsulas of the western ocean and New World, the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean, and the Far East. As a cartographic form, Bordone’s ISOLARIO derives from two manuscript proto- types, Buondelmonti’s LIBER INSULARUM ARCHIPELAGI of 1420 and Da Li Sonetti’s ISOLARIO of about 1485, whose maps were also drawn with eight windrays to establish orientation. Ptolemy’s GEOGRAPHIA and nautical charts of the period are another source.

This work is notable for its wide scope, spreading beyond the European/Western bounds of the well-known into the newly discovered areas in the Americas. In addition to text which includes information on Pizarro’s triumph in Peru, the maps of the area are also particularly important. The map of the unnamed north coast of represents an early close illustration of what the Spanish referred to as “Terra Firma” and what would later comprise a large portion of the Spanish Main. Only four place names are given on the mainland: “Chanchite,” “Cuztana,” “Mazatambal,” and “Paria,” located in the Guianas. To the north lie Jamaica and Hispaniola, along with a cluster of other, most likely fictional, islands. The surrounding text describes Columbus’ forays in the region, a menacing island of cannibals, and more.

The West Indies and other islands off the coast of the Americas are treated in considerable detail. Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Martinique are each represented in a separate map, while two additional maps of island groups show Antigua, St. Martin, Santo Domingo, Rodonda, Montserrat, a fictional island representation of Brazil, and others. Like many works of this genre, the text includes lengthy treatments of each island, complete with brief histories and fantastical myths.

The famous oval world map shows all of the known regions of the globe. Europe, Africa, and Asia Major are clearly labeled; but North and South America remain “terra del laboratore” and “ponete modo novo (part of the new world)” respectively, despite following by forty years Martin Waldseemüller’s assertion that the new lands ought to be called “America” after Amerigo Vespucci.

A lovely Aldine edition of this important work of American . EUROPEAN AMERICANA 547/2. HARRISSE BAV 275. PHILLIPS, ATLASES 164. CHURCH 86. JCB (3) I:149. RE- NOUARD 143:7. MORTIMER, ITALIAN 16th CENTURY BOOKS 82 (note). SABIN 6421. $24,000.

Very Rare Narrative of a Man and His Family Abandoned in the Wilds of Maine

8. Bradman, Arthur: A NARRATIVE OF THE EXTRAORDINARY SUFFERINGS OF MR. ROBERT FORBES, HIS WIFE AND FIVE CHILDREN. DURING AN UNFORTUNATE JOURNEY THROUGH THE WILDER- NESS, FROM CANADA TO KENNEBECK RIVER, IN THE YEAR 1784. Portland Printed, Reprinted at Exeter: Henry Ranlet, 1792. 23,[1]pp. Half title. Contemporary paper wrappers, restitched. Expert restoration with facsimile to half title and terminal leaf. Very good. In a red morocco box.

Robert Forbes, an American residing with his family in Canada on the Chaudière River, departed overland in mid-March 1784 with three Dutch guides, intending to relocate his family to a settlement on the Kennebec. Ten days into the journey, Forbes, his wife and five children were tricked, robbed and abandoned by their guides. Struggling on alone, they were assisted by a local Native American, who supplied them with moose meat and directions. But by April 12th, with supplies dwindling and terrain too difficult for his wife and all but his oldest child, Forbes made camp and left his wife to seek help. Travelling by raft and foot and surviving on a couple of ounces of moose meat and their leather shoes, Forbes and his eldest son were found by hunters on April 22. A rescue party for his wife and children was immediately raised, but the camp could not be reached until June 2, fifty days since being left at camp with little to no supplies. Emaciated and weak, remarkably, Forbes’s wife and one child survived.

Forbes’ tale evidently struck a chord with the locals, and his narrative was set to paper by Arthur Bradman. The work was first published in Portland in 1791, followed by the present Exeter printing the following year. Editions in Windsor (1792), Norwich (1793), Worcester (1793) and Philadelphia (1794) followed. All editions prior to the Philadelphia edition are very rare; only three institutional examples of this Exeter printing located in OCLC. BRISTOL B7942. SHIPTON & MOONEY 46397. $12,500.

A Mexican-American War Daguerreotype

9. [Brady, Matthew]: Talcott, General George: [HALF-PLATE DAGUERREOTYPE OF GENERAL GEORGE TALCOTT, ACCOMPANIED BY THREE SIGNED MANUSCRIPT ITEMS]. New York. [ca. 1847]. Daguerreotype image in case, 6 x 4¾ inches, visible area approximately 4¾ x 3½ inches. Tarnishing at edges of image, but generally clean and well preserved. Mounted in a brown leatherette case, with two clasps at fore-edge, lined with red velvet blind stamped with Brady’s logo. Case somewhat scuffed, hinge repaired with cloth. Light staining to one manuscript item, others fine.

A fine daguerreotype image, produced by the studio of Matthew Brady, of Gen. George Talcott, who became Chief of Ordnance for the United States Army during the Mexican-American War. The image dates from about 1847, fairly early in the professional career of Brady, who opened his first daguerreotype studio in New York City in 1844. Nevertheless, by this time, he was firmly established as a prominent and successful photographer.

The sitter, George Talcott, joined the army during the War of 1812, and by the end of the Mexican-American War had been made Chief of Ordnance and afterwards was promoted to Brevet Brigadier General in honor of his excellent service in the supply of materiel to the armed forces. This esteem did not last, as he was court-martialed for improperly awarding contracts and dismissed from the army in 1851. The image is accompanied by two autograph letters, signed by Talcott, discussing artillery transport and logistics, and an example of his free frank signature.

A fantastic example of a Brady daguerreotype, in its original case. $7500.

Scarce Early Guide to Modern Mining Methods in California

10. [California Gold Rush]: THE MINERS’ OWN BOOK, CONTAINING CORRECT ILLUSTRATIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE VARIOUS MODES OF CALIFORNIA MINING, INCLUDING ALL THE IMPROVE- MENTS INTRODUCED FROM THE EARLIEST DAYS TO THE PRESENT TIME. San Francisco: Hutchings & Rosenfield, 1858. 32pp. Woodcut illustrations after C. Nahl and others. Publisher’s pictorial brown wrappers. Expert paper restoration along spine. Period ink bookseller’s stamp on title (Carswell’s News Depot, Sacramento). Very good.

The publishers write in the prefatory note that they intended to inform the public on “the various modes that have been adopted to extract the precious metal from the earth...by rendering familiar, though correct views and descriptions, everything connected with the immense mining operation of the State. We believe it is the first book of the kind ever published.” The illustrations, many of which appeared in HUTCHINGS MAGAZINE, are as instructive as the text, and though many are signed by celebrated California artist Charles Christian Nahl, artists Harrison Eastman and Warren C. Butler also contributed. Scarce, with only two other examples at auction in the last thirty-five years.

Howell paid $110 for the Streeter copy in 1968. COWAN II, p.431. GRAFF 2813. HOWES M639. KURUTZ 444a. STREETER SALE 2839. EBERSTADT 168:121. GREENWOOD 967. WHEAT GOLD REGIONS 141. $6750.

The Most Magnificent Plate Book on Mayan Monuments

11. Catherwood, Frederick: VIEWS OF ANCIENT MONUMENTS IN CENTRAL AMERICA, CHIAPAS AND YUCATAN. London: F. Catherwood, 1844. [2],24pp. plus chromolithographed title by Owen Jones printed in red, blue, and gold; lithographic map printed in red and black; and twenty-five tinted lithographic plates after Catherwood. Folio. Publisher’s half green morocco and moiré cloth boards, titled in gilt “Catherwood’s Views / in Central America / Chiapas and Yucatan” at center of upper cover, titled in gilt on spine, yellow endpapers. Very good.

“In the whole range of literature on the Maya there has never appeared a more magnificent work” - Von Hagen. This beautiful and rare plate book was printed in an edition of 300 copies. It is seldom found in presentable condition, and it is one of the first and primary visual records of the rediscovery of Mayan civilization. Until the publication of the work of Alfred Maudslay at the turn of the century, this was the greatest record of Mayan iconography.

Frederick Catherwood was a British architect and artist with a strong interest in archaeology. These combined talents led him to accompany American traveller and explorer John Lloyd Stephens on two trips to the Mayan region of southern in 1839 and 1841. These explorations resulted in Stephens’ two famous works, INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL IN CENTRAL AMERICA, CHIAPAS, AND YUCATAN and INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL IN YUCATAN. These immensely popular books, foundation stones in Mayan studies, were both illustrated by Catherwood and inspired him to undertake the larger portfolio.

Catherwood’s VIEWS was produced in London, although issued with both London and New York titlepages. Catherwood recruited some of the most distinguished lithographers in London to translate his originals onto stone: Andrew Picken, Henry Warren, William Parrott, John C. Bourne, Thomas Shotter Boys, and George Belton Moore. The beautiful titlepage was executed by Owen Jones. Three hundred sets were produced, most of them tinted, as in the present copy (there is a colored issue on card stock, which is exceedingly rare). The views depict monuments and buildings at Copan, , Uxmal, Las Monjas, , Tulum, and several scattered sights.

The work of Stephens and Catherwood received great praise, but neither lived to enjoy it long. Stephens died in 1852 of malaria contracted in Colombia, and Catherwood went down on a steamship in the North Atlantic in 1854.

“Catherwood belongs to a species, the artist-archaeologist, which is all but extinct. Piranesi was the most celebrated specimen and Catherwood his not unworthy successor” - Aldous Huxley. Not in Abbey. PALAU 50290. SABIN 11520. TOOLEY 133 (with a list of the plates). Von Hagen, SEARCH FOR THE MAYA, pp.320- 24. GROCE & WALLACE, p.115. HILL 263 (ref). $58,500.

Champlain Takes on the Iroquois: A Foundational Work of New France

12. Champlain, Samuel de: VOYAGES ET DÉSCOUVERTURES FAITES EN LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, DEPUIS L’ANNEE 1615. JUSQUES A LA FIN DE L’ANNEE 1618. PAR LE SIEUR DE CHAMPLAIN.... Paris: Chez Claude Collet, 1619. Engraved and letterpress titlepages followed by [6],158 leaves (including four full-page engraved plates on text leaves), plus two folding plates. Lacks the final two blank leaves (V7 and V8), as did the Siebert copy. 12mo. Early 20th-century crushed red morocco by Riviere & Son, with a double-rule border on front and rear boards, spine gilt with raised bands, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Minute tears in edges of titlepages and dedication leaves. Very small, unobtrusive wormhole in upper outer margin of final thirty-four leaves (not affecting text). Folding plates trimmed close along outer edge (one with a short closed split along the fold). Very good.

First edition of Samuel de Champlain’s third work, with the first reports of his explorations of 1615 to 1618. Written primarily to encourage the continued patronage of New France by Louis XIII, this volume gives much information on Native Americans of the St. Lawrence Valley and their customs, and the topography of upstate New York. “It describes his introduction to the Recollet Fathers as missionaries to the Indians, his exploration of the Ottawa River, Lake Huron, and Lake Ontario; the attack on the Iroquois fort in New York state; and his winter among the Hurons. The work also contains Champlain’s incomparable essay on the Hurons and other neighboring tribes. It includes Brule’s narrative of his experiences among the savages on the southern borders of New York, near the Pennsylvania line, and an account of the events which occurred in the settlements at Quebec” - Winsor. The engravings show Champlain’s attack on an Iroquois fort, male and female Indian costumes, a deer hunt, an Indian dance, and a burial. “The plates, illustrative of scenes in Indian life, are beautiful specimens of the engraving of the period” - Field.

This is one of the most difficult of Champlain’s works to find. We note only three copies appearing at auction in the past thirty years. The Siebert copy sold for $51,750 in 1999 (to this firm), and then brought $74,400 when it reappeared at auction in 2009. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 619/35. CHURCH 375. HARRISSE NOUVELLE FRANCE 32. FIELD 273. SABIN 11836. WINSOR 4:132. LANDE 117 (1627 ed). $85,000.

The Primary Account of the History of Peru Before the Conquest

13. Cieza de León, Pedro de: LA CHRONICA DEL PERU, NUEVAMENTE ESCRITA, POR PEDRO DE CIEÇA DE LEON, VEZINO DE SEVILLA. Antwerp: Juan Steelsio, 1554. [8],285,[9] leaves. Woodcut illustrations. 12mo. 19th- century red morocco by Thibaron-Joly, spine gilt with raised bands, a.e.g., marbled endpapers. Very good.

One of two 1554 Antwerp editions of Cieza de León’s highly regarded history of Peru, and the earliest obtainable edition, following the first edition in Spanish printed in Seville the previous year. The author, the foremost soldier-chronicler of the conquest, served under Pedro de La Gasca in his campaign against Gonzalo Pizarro during the civil war in Peru in the years following the conquest. “After the end of the civil war, he travelled extensively throughout Peru in order to collect information on both the conquest and the Inca world, with the clear intent of writing the first major history of Peru. When he returned to Spain in 1550, he managed to publish only the first part of his work...a thorough description of the land and people of Peru. It includes both the cities founded by the Spaniards, such as Lima and Quito, and the first documented descriptions of Inca cities and their customs. His wealth of information is the result of personal observation, the scrutiny of reports and official papers, and oral reports from Quechua Indians” - Delgado-Gomez.

Considered the earliest history of the entire viceroyalty of Peru, LA CHRONICA... is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, several of which appear multiple times. In addition to images of building activities, possibly derived from earlier works on European architecture and monuments, the illustrations include images of the devil, indigenous animals, the former Inca capital of Cuzco, Lake Titicaca, and Potosí. “A European vision of America sometimes enhanced by fantastic ele- ments. In one of them, the devil, believed to be hard at work in the New World, is shown as he keeps the inhabitants from leading a virtuous Christian life, and in another, Lake Titicaca, located on the desolate Andean altiplano, looks curiously like a canal in the city of Venice. The illustration of the Cerro de Potosí, the fabled “silver mountain” of the Indies, is an exception. Because it was based on an original drawing done by the chronicler himself, it more accurately depicts the real place” - Johnson. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 554/15. SABIN 13046. MEDINA, BHA 163. 1553 edition: FIELD 314. JOHNSON, THE BOOK IN THE AMERICAS 32. DELGADO-GOMEZ, SPANISH HISTORICAL WRITING ABOUT THE NEW WORLD 26. $25,000.

The Rare Gilt-Edged Issue

14. [Clemens, Samuel L.]: LIFE ON THE MISSISSIPPI. By “Mark Twain.” Boston: James R. Osgood and Company, 1883. 624pp. plus frontispiece and plates. In-text illustrations. Large octavo. Brown cloth, elaborately decorated in gilt and black, a.e.g. Spine ends very slightly worn, inner hinges neatly repaired. Bookplates on front pastedown and front free endpaper. Clean internally. Fine. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase and chemise.

First U.S. edition, preceded by a few days by the Chatto & Windus edition. This is BAL’s first state, with the flaming device on page 441, and with the caption on page 443 uncorrected. A quite unusual and rare binding variant, with all edges gilt. An excellent copy of one of the best American memoirs ever written, describing Twain’s early life along the river. “It is in many ways his most personal book, full of humor, recollections, nostalgia, occasional sadness, anecdote, history, and scenery” - Reese. BAL 3411. HOWES C480. CLARK NEW SOUTH I:285. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 183 (note). REESE, NAR- RATIVES OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCE 26. $5000.

Colonies Unite: Journal of the First Continental Congress

15. [Continental Congress]: JOURNAL OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS, HELD AT PHILADEL- PHIA, SEPTEMBER 5, 1774. Philadelphia: Printed by William and Thomas Bradford, at the London Coffee House, 1774. [4],132pp. Half title. Bound to style in three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt extra, leather label. Half title lightly soiled, contemporary ownership inscription (“Thos. Sinclair”). Light scattered foxing and soiling to text; p.15 torn at edge, not affecting text. Very good.

The Journals of the first Continental Congress, describing its meetings from Sept. 5, 1774 to Oct. 26, 1774, and one of the most basic documents of the American Revolution. This is the first issue of 132 pages, preceded in publication sequence only by a very rare misdated state of the titlepage.

Committees of Correspondence resolved to hold a Continental Congress in June of 1774, and delegates from twelve colonies (none from Georgia) gathered in Philadelphia in autumn. It included many of the most distinguished men in America: Samuel and John Adams, Roger Sherman, John Jay, Joseph Galloway, John Dickinson, Richard Henry Lee, George Washington, Edmund Pendleton, and Henry Middleton, among others. The Congress succeeded in taking numerous important steps. On Oct. 14 they adopted a Declaration of Rights, and agreed to an Association governing imports and exports and boycotting British goods. They also drafted an Address to the People of Great Britain and another Address to the Inhabitants of the Province of Quebec. They agreed to reassemble on May 10, 1775 for what was to be the fateful Congress that broke with England.

The titlepage bears the famous seal of the Congress, showing twelve hands representing the twelve participating colonies supporting a column topped with a Liberty Cap and resting on the Magna Charta. EVANS 13737. HOWES J263, “b.” ESTC W20577. HILDEBURN 3036. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 20. $50,000.

Crossing the Rubicon, Taking Up Arms, 1775: “Our cause is just. Our union is perfect....”

16. [Continental Congress]: A DECLARATION BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED COLONIES OF NORTH-AMERICA, NOW MET IN GENERAL CONGRESS AT PHILADELPHIA, SETTING FORTH THE CAUSES AND NECESSITY OF THEIR TAKING UP ARMS.... Philadelphia: Printed by William and Thomas Bradford, 1775. [2],13pp. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Light rubbing to boards. Scat- tered light foxing and dust soiling. Very good.

The very rare first edition of this crucial Revolutionary document - the declaration of Congress issued July 6, 1775, giving reasons for the American colonies taking up arms against Great Britain. Issued in the wake of the battles of Lexington and Concord and at Bunker Hill, and a year before the formal Declaration of Independence, it is one of the most significant statements of the Continental Congress - a clear indication of the seriousness and intractability of the Americans. “Our cause is just. Our union is perfect. Our internal resources are great, and if necessary, foreign assistance is undoubtedly attainable.” With this document the Continental Congress and the American colonies crossed the Rubicon - the road to independence became the only realistic path forward.

There were an additional seven printings in America in 1775, following this official Philadelphia printing by the Bradford brothers, reflecting its immediate importance to the American cause. Only COMMON SENSE appeared in more editions in the American colonies during this crisis period. A landmark work, of the greatest possible importance. HOWES D198, “b.” EVANS 14544. ESTC W30722. HILDEBURN 3189. SABIN 15522, 19159. AMERICAN CON- TROVERSY 75-149a. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 34. $100,000. The Yorktown Edition of the Journals of Congress

17. [Continental Congress]: JOURNALS OF CONGRESS. CONTAINING THE PROCEEDINGS FROM JANU- ARY 1, 1776, TO JANUARY 1, 1777. York-town, Pa.: Printed by John Dunlap, 1778. [2],520,xxvii pp. Contemporary paper boards, spine with paper loss, front board detached. Contemporary ownership inscription of Solon Stevens on front fly leaf. Light, even toning. Some minor soiling. Very good, in original unsophisticated condition. In a red half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

This volume of the Journals of Congress is one of the rarest of the series issued from 1774 to 1788, and has a peculiar and romantic publication history. Textually it covers the exciting events of 1776, culminating with the Declaration of Independence on July 4, an early printing of which appears here, as well as all of the other actions of Congress for the year. It is thus a vital document in the history of American independence and the American Revolution.

Through the middle of 1777 the printer of the Journals of Congress was Robert Aitken of Philadelphia. In 1777 he pub- lished the first issue of the Journals for 1776, under his own imprint. This was completed in the spring or summer. In the fall of 1777 the British campaign under Howe forced the Congress to evacuate Philadelphia, moving first to Lancaster and then to York, Pennsylvania. The fleeing Congress took with it what it could, but, not surprisingly, was unable to remove many copies of its printed Journals, which would have been bulky and difficult to transport. Presumably, any left behind in Philadelphia were destroyed by the British, accounting for the particular scarcity of those volumes today.

Among the material evacuated from Philadelphia were the printed sheets of pages 1-424 of the 1776 Journals, printed by Aitken. Having lost many complete copies in Philadelphia, and not having the terminal sheets to make up more copies, Congress resolved to reprint the remainder of the volume. Aitken had not evacuated his equipment, but John Dunlap, the printer of the original Declaration, had. Congress thus appointed Dunlap as the new printer to Congress on May 2, 1778. Dunlap then reprinted the rest of the volume (coming out to a slightly different pagination from Aitken’s version). He added to this a new titlepage, under his imprint at York, with a notice on the verso of his appointment as printer to Congress. This presumably came out between his appointment on May 2 and the return of Congress to Philadelphia in July 1778.

Because of Dunlap’s name on the titlepage, it has often been erroneously assumed that this volume contains a printing of the Declaration of Independence by Dunlap. In fact, that appears in the section of the original Aitken printing. Evans has further muddied the waters by the ghost entry of Evans 15685, ascribing a Dunlap, York printing to 1777. In fact, there is only one Dunlap version, Evans 16137, with the 1778 date.

A great Revolutionary rarity. EVANS 15685, 16137. HILDEBURN 3727. ESTC W20598. MATYAS, DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 77- 09B. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 48. $24,000.

A Crucial Edition, with Many Important Materials Published for the First Time

18. Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, Hernan: DE INSULIS NUPER INVENTIS FERDINANDI CORTESII AD CARO- LUM V...NARRATIONES, CUM ALIO QUODAM PETRI MARTYRIS AD CLEMENTEM VII...LIBELLO. HIS ACCESSERUNT EPISTOLAE DUAE DE FELICISSIMO APUD INDOS EVANGELII INCREMENTO...ITEM EPITOME DE INVENTIS NUPER INDIAE POPULIS IDOLOLATRIS AD FIDEM CHRISTI...CONVERTEN- DIS, AUTORE R.P.F. NICOLAO HERBORN.... Cologne: Ex officina Melchioris Novesiani, impensis Arnoldi Birck- man, 1532. [82] leaves. Woodcut title portrait of Charles V within a woodcut border of escutcheons of Spanish provinces and towns, the portrait repeated within decorative border-pieces on A1 and F1; large ornamental woodcut initials and border-pieces in text; woodcut printer’s device at end. Small folio, signed in 4s and 6s. Later three-quarter vellum and paper boards, manuscript spine title, edges painted red. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage verso, modern bookplate on front free endpaper. Contemporary manuscript censorship marks. Light tanning and faint foxing. Very good.

Second Latin edition of the second and third letters of Cortés to Emperor Charles V, and the first to contain missionary reports from Yucatan and Mexico. Cortés gave his personal account of the conquest of Mexico in a series of five letters, or CARTAS DE RELACIÓN, which he addressed to Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor. The famed first letter was lost, making the second letter the earliest account by Cortés himself, describing the events in Mexico after his departure from Vera Cruz. The third letter continues the narrative, describing Mexican events from October 1520 to May 1522.

The present work includes the second editions in Latin of the second and third letters (translated by Petrus Savorgbabus), as well as Peter Martyr’s DE INSULIA (a condensed version of the lost first Cortés letter); a letter from Mexico by Martin de Valencia dated June 12, 1531, which is the first printed report from the Yucatan; a letter from Bishop Zumarraga giv- ing an account of the Franciscan schools in Mexico, their teachers, and the Indian converts; and a letter from Nicholaus Herborn dated 1532. These last three sections appear here in this edition for the first time.

A rare edition, with only six other copies appearing in the auction records over the last thirty-five years. In the present copy, the name of Peter Martyr, whose works were placed on the Index of Prohibited Books by the Roman Inquisition in the mid-16th century, is censored throughout. CHURCH 63. HARRISSE 168. JONES 21. SABIN 16949. VALLE 15. MEDINA, BHA 86. PALAU 63192. JCB I:103- 104. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 532/9. $35,000.

Famous Western Images

19. [Crockett, Davy]: “GO AHEAD!!” THE CROCKETT ALMANAC 1839. CONTAINING ADVENTURES, EXPLOITS, SPREES & SCRAPES IN THE WEST, & LIFE AND MANNERS IN THE BACKWOOD. Nashville: Ben Harding, [1838]. 36pp. including twenty woodcut illustrations (twelve full-page). Contemporary plain brown wrap- pers, stitched. Short closed tear to gutters and fore-edge of first few and last few leaves, minor edge loss to last leaf, some toning. Overall, a very good, unsophisticated copy.

“It was the Crockett Almanacks which made Crockett a legendary figure and a part of American folk-lore” - GROLIER AMERICAN HUNDRED. This is volume 2, number 1, and the fifth of the Crockett almanacs to be issued in Nashville. This issue contains the usual tall tales and wonderful woodcut illustrations, including “Judy Finx whipping a Catamount,” “Col. Crockett and the Methodizer,” “An unexpected ride on the horns of an Elk,” and other classics. The text, written in frontier dialect, describes Crockett’s adventures with a grizzly bear; a ride on back of a buffalo; Col. Crockett and the Squatter; Col. Crockett in the parlor; Davy Crockett’s dream; buying a horse; Ben Harding and the pirates; Col. Crockett and the elk; and more. HOWES C897, “aa.” STREETER SALE 4187. AII (TENNESSEE) 379. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 39. EBERSTADT 113:012. DRAKE 13414. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 49951. ALLEN, TENNESSEE 1462. $5250.

The Diary Kept on Ship by the First Surgeon of the , with Significant Early American Architectural Drawings

20. Cutbush, Edward: [MANUSCRIPT DIARY OF EDWARD CUTBUSH, SURGEON FOR THE PENNSYL- VANIA MILITIA AND THEN UNITED STATES NAVY, CONTAINING RETAINED LETTERS FROM THE WHISKEY REBELLION AND RECORDING HIS VOYAGE ON THE U.S.S. UNITED STATES DURING THE QUASI-WAR WITH FRANCE]. [Various places, including Bedford, Pa.; Philadelphia; Geneva, N.Y. 1794-1803]. [40] leaves, each approximately 12¼ x 7¾ inches, written in ink and pencil, plus three watercolor sketches. Oblong quarto. Contemporary reverse sheep, expertly rebacked. Very good. In a blue half morocco box.

An outstanding journal kept across a decade spanning the end of the 18th century by Edward Cutbush, the first United States Naval Surgeon, and the pioneer of American naval medicine. Beginning in 1790, Cutbush was the resident physician of the Pennsylvania Hospital and the diary commences with a series of retained letters, with a number of his signatures, from his appointment as Surgeon General of the Pennsylvania Militia during the 1794 Whiskey Rebellion, and provides instructions for the operating of field hospitals and the proper form of a hospital register. Cutbush’s entry of May 28, 1799 announces that he has been, “Appointed Surgeon in the Navy of the United States, and rec’d orders to join the Frigate United States. 50 Guns. Commodore John Barry. James Barron Capt. Now, commences a new scene of life.” The U.S.S. United States, one of the six original frigates ordered by the Naval Act of 1794, is considered the first ship of the U.S. Navy.

The principal voyage recorded here set out in November 1799, when the United States left Newport with the Envoy Extraordinary to the Republic of France, a group of diplomats that included Elbridge Gerry and Oliver Ellsworth, Chief Justice of the United States. The political environment during the Quasi-War was tense, and each ship encountered on the voyage is avoided or nervously approached including one which was “Rather shy of us, kept at a distance and hoisted American colours, & no doubt was pleased to see the American colours hoisted on board of us.” After making landfall in Portugal and describing the situation in Lisbon, the delegation headed towards France but were waylaid by an unscrupulous Spanish sailor who intentionally led them astray and into great peril (“the rascal ought to have been hung”).

With La Coruña in sight, a group of heavily armed ships was spotted as they approached, including one which: “Came within gun shot and hoisted English colours, the frigate fired a shot, which fell ahead of us, we fired a gun to leeward and hoisted American colors. Lieut. Church came from Admiral Duckworth’s ship Leviathan 74 guns, to apologize in the name of the Admiral, to Commodore Barry, for having fired the shot, he supposed us a Spanish ship under American colours.” Upon their arrival in Spain in January 1801, Cutbush received news from another ship of the death of George Washington: “The bright luminary of the Western Hemisphere. Washington! The Father of the American people...is alas no more. May the almighty God who led him through the path of victory and who raised him to the highest pinnacle of Earth’s glory, place him in majesty at his right hand, thus to preside over and protect the Infant Republic of the United States whose welfare was ever the nearest wish of his heart.”

The subsequent account of the return journey across the Atlantic past the Bahamas and up the eastern seaboard contains several tables of navigational calculations, with a discussion of calculating longitude, and records some of the details of the voyage, which Cutbush deems “long and disagreeable.” The section ends with three striking watercolor drawings, one of a water spout seen after a gale off the coast of Spain, and renderings of a Spanish friar and “a Spanish lady in a fashionable winter dress.”

By January 1801 the ship was near Antigua, and several pages are devoted to a “Thermometrical Journal” recording the temperature of the atmosphere, a type of chart associated with Benjamin Franklin, with Cutbush noting: “The water sparkeles very much, which is contrary to the opinion of Dr. Franklin....” In May 1802, during the Barbary Wars, the manuscript resumes from Gibraltar where Cutbush has arrived on the frigate Constellation and he provides a long description of the coast there and repeats the warning of the Algerian Consul that a Portuguese vessel had been taken with seventy killed and 278 made slaves. Cutbush’s last note is dated June 1, 1802, when he visited Carthage, and following this is a short conclusion of his life events through 1829.

The remainder of the diary, nearly twenty pages, is devoted to finely accomplished plans and drawings in ink and pencil of Cutbush’s estate in Geneva, New York. Several leaves are devoted to the design on the house itself, with detailed lay- outs for each floor, the construction of the staircase, and the appearance of the exterior. The rest of the plans deal with farming and outbuildings of the estate, such as the barn, stables, and other animal enclosures, designed by Cutbush to be built around a central barnyard. There is also a design for a wine press based on an apparatus for producing cider. These drawings are an extremely early example of surviving manuscript American architectural designs, and therefore constitute an important document in and of themselves.

Altogether, this diary represents a fascinating amalgam of different records, with one volume acting as a letter copybook, diary, scientific and navigational journal, and artistic and architectural sketchbook, kept by a foundational figure in the history of the United States Navy. $20,000.

The Earliest Published Description of Photography

21. Daguerre, Louis-Jacques Mande: HISTORIQUE ET DESCRIPTION DES PROCÉDÉS DU DAGUERRÉO- TYPE ET DU DIORAMA, PAR DAGUERRE.... Paris: Susse Frères, 1839. [4],79pp. plus six lithographed plates. Half title. Contemporary black and grey paper-covered boards, green label lettered in manuscript. Extremities a bit worn. Oc- casional mild foxing, with the contemporary ownership signature of Ed Hagenbach, presumably the noted Swiss physician and chemist. Very good.

The rare first edition, first issue, second imprint (the first Susse Frères issue) of this landmark work in the invention of photography. The first issue is known in only three copies, so this is practically the earliest obtainable edition of the first account of the invention of Daguerre’s process. The first issue of this work and the production of the first commercially- available apparatus had been entrusted to Giroux, Mdme. Daguerre’s kinsman and Daguerre’s partner. The text was clouded in secrecy and publication was dated August 18 to coincide with the unveiling of the first commercially-produced daguerreotype cameras. The entire supply sold out in the first few hours. The present issue was published the next month, on September 14, presumably to coincide with a new batch of equipment which Daguerre’s team also supplied. Such was the demand for Daguerre’s cameras that by the end of 1840, almost forty versions of this work had been published in at least eight different languages. Interestingly, Pierre G. Harmant argues convincingly in an article in HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY: AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY (January 1977, pp.79-83) that the first copy Daguerre saw of his manual on September 7, the date of his first public presentation, actually bore the imprint of Susse Freres, not the slightly earlier imprint from Giroux.

Daguerre’s groundbreaking manual describes his invention of the daguerreotype process, the first widely popular photo- graphic method, involving the creation of a direct positive image on a sheet of polished copper which was coated with a solution of light-sensitive silver halide. This process is illustrated in the six plates contained herein. Along with official documents relating to the French government’s review of Daguerre’s procedure, it includes a transcription of Niepce’s own description of his heliographic process, submitted to Daguerre in 1839. The daguerreotype remained the most popular photographic medium until it was supplanted by the collodion wet-plate process in the 1850s. “Perhaps no other inven- tion ever captured the imagination of the public to such a degree and conquered the world with such lightning rapidity as the daguerreotype” - Gernsheim.

“No one individual can be called the true inventor of photography, but Daguerre’s technique of fixing photographic im- ages on a metallic surface was the first to capture the public’s curiosity and imagination, bringing photography out of the laboratories of a few researchers into the mass market” - Norman.

A true incunable among the early literature relating to photographic processes. HORBLIT 21a. NORMAN COLLECTION 569. NORMAN SALE 1004. EN FRANÇAIS DANS LE TEXTE 255. PRINT- ING AND THE MIND OF MAN 318b (ref). DIBNER, HERALDS OF SCIENCE 183. Helmut and Alison Gernsheim, L.J.M. DAGUERRE (London: Secker & Warburg, 1956), pp.191-98). Helmut and Alison Gernsheim, THE HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY (London: Thames and Hudson, 1969), pp.65-74. Beaumont Newhall, AN HISTORICAL & DE- SCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT OF THE VARIOUS PROCESSES OF THE DAGUERREOTYPE & THE DIORAMA BY DAGUERRE (New York: Winterhouse, 1971), pp.269-77. Beaumont Newhall, “Chronicle of the Birth of Photography” in HARVARD LIBRARY BULLETIN, Vol. VII, No. 2, Spring 1953, pp.208-20. $32,500.

Yellow Fever in Baltimore, with a Letter from Benjamin Rush

22. Davidge, John B.: [Rush, Benjamin]: A TREATISE ON THE AUTUMNAL ENDEMIAL EPIDEMICK OF TROPICAL , VULGARLY CALLED THE YELLOW FEVER; CONTAINING ITS ORIGIN, HIS- TORY, NATURE AND CURE; TOGETHER WITH A FEW REFLECTIONS ON THE PROXIMATE CAUSE OF DISEASES. Baltimore: W. Pechin, 1798. 65,[1]pp. Antique-style half calf and boards, spine gilt, leather label. Expertly washed. Light soiling and wear, heavier to first few leaves. Contemporary ownership inscription of Carlisle, Pennsylvania physician George D. Foulke on titlepage; later ownership ink stamps on titlepage and final leaf. Very good.

A rare work on yellow fever, the epidemic scourge of the Mid-Atlantic states in the colonial and Federal periods. Austin notes that the appendix was added after the treatise was already at the press, and that it “contains the letter addressed to Governor Thomas Mifflin of Pennsylvania by the physicians of Philadelphia in reply to his request of Nov. 6, 1797 for information on yellow fever. Signed by Benjamin Rush and twelve others, it was also published in 1798 by the Academy of Medicine of Philadelphia under the title: PROOFS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE YELLOW FEVER IN PHILADELPHIA & KENSINGTON, IN THE YEAR 1797.”

John B. Davidge (1768-1829) was a Maryland native who studied medicine in Scotland. He returned and set up practice in Baltimore, where he also began lecturing to students. This led to the foundation of the College of Medicine of Maryland (now the University of Maryland School of Medicine), of which Davidge was the first dean. Constructed in 1812, Davidge Hall was named for him and remains the oldest medical school building in continuous use in this country.

We locate just five copies of this work, at Duke, Houston Academy of Medicine, the Library Company, National Library of Medicine, and University of Pennsylvania. Rare. EVANS 33603. ESTC W31651. AUSTIN 626. MINICK 426. $4750.

De Bry’s PETIT VOYAGES: An Essential Collection of Voyages, in a 17th-Century Binding

23. De Bry, Johann Theodor, and Johann Israel: THE PETIT VOYAGES, PARTS I - XI. Frankfurt. 1601-1633. Eleven parts bound in two volumes. 256 (of 259) engraved maps and plates. Small folio. 17th-century stamped vellum, raised bands, manuscript titles on spines, a.e.g. Vellum a bit soiled and stained, mostly at the edges. Internally clean and neat. A nearly complete set of the first eleven parts (lacking only three Africa maps in Part I), in very nice condition.

A nearly complete set of the PETIT VOYAGES of De Bry, one of the grandest collections of voyages published in the Age of Discovery. This series of voyages, devoted mainly (but not entirely) to the East Indies, was issued concurrently with the same publishers’ GRAND VOYAGES, which are primarily devoted to the Americas. The present set, in a mixed state of first and second Latin editions of the parts, is close to complete. Three Africa maps are missing from Part I; and the set is also lacking Part XII (so rare that even Church lacked much of the text), and the appendix to Part I, which is also very difficult to obtain. Both of these parts were issued by a different publisher in 1625 and 1628, long after the rest of the series. Almost all sets lack some plates and maps, and assembling complete copies has been a passion of collectors since the beginning of the collecting of voyages in the early 19th century. A number of the maps and plates are highly prized individually, which has contributed to parts being disassembled.

The PETIT VOYAGES comprise probably the greatest collection of material on early voyages to the East Indies, and are unique in their extraordinary wealth of cartographical and visual material on Africa, India, the Spice Islands, and South Asia. The De Brys’ intention as publishers to present an illustrated record sets them apart from other, textual voy- age collections such as Ramusio or Hakluyt. They are a cornerstone of any serious library of travels and voyages.

The collations of the parts in the present set agree with those given in Church for the first or second Latin editions of each part, the only exception being that some plates are bound in differing order and some blanks are not present. Full titles and bibliographical details can be found in Church. A summary of the parts and their contents follows:

Part I. VERA DESCRIPTIO REGNI AFRICANI. 1624. Second edition. Fourteen plates. This set lacks the two folding maps of Africa, and the map of the Congo. Pigafetta’s description of the Congo, describing Odoardo Lopez’ voyage there in 1578, probably the most important early description of central Africa. CHURCH 206.

Part II. PARS INDIAE ORIENTALIS, IN QU JOHAN. HUGONIS LINTSCOTANI NAVIGATIO IN ORIENTEM. 1628. Second edition. Thirty-seven in-text illustrations, plus portrait. Linschoten’s famous voyages to the East of 1583-92 were published by De Bry the year after they first appeared as a separate book. CHURCH 207 (note).

Part III. TERTIA PARS INDIAE ORIENTALIS.... 1629. Second edition. Sixty plates, four maps. The large folding plan of Agra, often missing, is present here. The maps include Java and Nova Zembla. The large folding map, “Descriptio Hydrographica,” shows the eastern hemisphere and the routes to the east around Africa. This is a highly important piece of cartography. The rest of Linschoten, Cornelius de Houtman’s pioneering voyage to the East Indies of 1595- 97 (instrumental in opening the spice trade to the Dutch), and Gerit de Veer’s voyage in search of a northeast passage in 1594-96, are included. The plates show scenes in the East, as well as Veer’s horrible experiences in Spitzbergen, where his expedition was attacked by polar bears. CHURCH 210 (note).

Part IV. PARS QUARTA INDIAE ORIENTALIS.... 1601. First edition. Twenty-one plates. Linschoten and Houtman’s voyages concluded, and the voyage of Jacob von Neck and Wybrandt van Warwijck to the East Indies in 1598-99. As in the two previous parts, most of the plates are scenes in the East Indies. CHURCH 211.

Part V. QUINTA PARS INDIAE ORIENTALIS.... 1601. First edition. Twenty plates. More material on Von Neck, and the establishment of Dutch power in Bantam. CHURCH 212.

Part VI. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS VI.... 1604. Sole edition, first issue. Twenty-six plates. Pieter de Maree’s descrip- tion of Guinea in 1600, and other early voyages to Guinea by the Portuguese, Dutch, and French. This whole section therefore relates to the Gold and Slave coasts of Africa and the growing European trading presence there, which laid the foundation for the trans-Atlantic slave trade. CHURCH 213.

Part VII. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS SEPTIMA.... 1606. Sole edition, first issue. Twenty-two plates. Joris von Spil- bergen’s voyage to Ceylon in 1601-4, and Gasparo Balbi’s voyage to Pegu via Syria, in 1579-88. This part is mainly devoted to India and Ceylon, with excellent plates of the latter. CHURCH 216.

Part VIII. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS OCTAVA.... 1607. Sole edition, first issue. Eighteen plates. A collection of five Dutch voyages to the East Indies, 1600-6, including trips to China and the Spice Islands, all illustrating the rising Dutch power in the East. The plates show various military encounters, and a famous double-page plate of Macao. CHURCH 218.

Part IX. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS NONA.... 1612. First edition, second issue, and with a differently decorated titlepage. Seventeen plates. A world map appears on the supplementary title to the extra plates section. This part describes the voyage of Admiral Pieter Willemsz to the Spice Islands to seize them from the Portuguese, written by one of the officers on the expedition. CHURCH 220.

Part X. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS X.... 1633. Second edition. Three plates and three maps (the three maps are bound after Part XI). This part is important on several accounts. The first section gives one of the first published accounts of Hudson Bay, while the second describes other voyages to the North by Linschoten. All of the maps relate to the search for a northeast passage. The third section relates to De Quiros and his supposed discovery of a new continent, “Terra Australis Incognita.” CHURCH 222 (note).

Part XI. INDIAE ORIENTALIS PARS UNDECIMA.... 1619. Sole edition, but with a differently illustrated titlepage. Ten plates. Again, there is American content, reprinting the narratives of Vespucci’s third and fourth voyages, fol- lowed by a description of Robert Coverte’s journeys in Persia and Mongolia, and then an account of Spitzbergen and the northern whale fisheries. This copy contains what Church calls the rare state of plate seven, the woman being carried to be thrown into the fire. CHURCH 223.

A rare opportunity to acquire one of the great monuments of early travel literature. CHURCH as cited above. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 619/30. $125,000.

Complete Set of the Dickinson Poems: A Grolier American Hundred Title

24. Dickinson, Emily: POEMS by Emily Dickinson. [with:] ...SECOND SERIES. [with:] ...THIRD SERIES. Boston. 1890, 1892, 1896. xii,[4],[13]-152; [6],230; viii,200pp. Original publisher’s gilt pictorial cloth, t.e.g. First volume corners rubbed, head and foot of spine lightly frayed. Ownership inscription on titlepage. Last two leaves of text detached, rear hinge tender. Second volume covers lightly soiled, extremities rubbed. Third volume extremities rubbed, bookplate on front pastedown; closed tear in p.39. A good set.

The rare first edition, first issue of Emily Dickinson’s first published book of poetry, together with the second and third series of her poems. “Dickinson’s poetry is remarkable for its emotional and intellectual energy as well as its extreme distillation. In form, everything about it is tightly condensed. Words and phrases are set off by dashes, stanzas are brief, and the longest poem occupies less than two printed pages. Yet in theme and tone her poems grasp for the sublime in their daring expression of the soul’s extremities” - ANB. The first volume is the first edition first issue, printed in a of 500 copies; it is Myerson’s binding variant B. The second series is the second printing, in binding variant B. The third series is present here in the first printing, in binding variant A. A landmark work of American poetry. BAL 4655, 4656 (ref), 4661. MYERSON A1.1.a, A2.1.b, A4.1.a. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 91. ANB (online). $20,000.

Extraordinary Broadside Celebrating Drake’s Circumnavigation in 1581

25. [Drake, Francis]: FRANCISCUS DRAECK NOBILISSIMUS EQUES ANGLIAE IS EST QUI TOTO T TER- RARUM ORBE CIRCUMDUCTO.... [Nuremberg. ca. 1581]. Etched illustrated broadside on two joined sheets, 29 x 57 cm. Minor wear at lower left and upper right corners. Small rust spot in the text. Near fine. Framed, glazed, and matted.

A very rare portrait of Sir Francis Drake on a German broadside, celebrating his circumnavigation of the world and thus most likely published after 1580. It is one of the very few lifetime portraits of Drake and is a marvelous representation. Drake is shown full length, in armor, holding a firearm, standing at a port, also illustrating three men loading a ship, with two columns of German poetry in the center. Another copy of this broadside is in the John Carter Brown Library, a gift of Henry C. Taylor in 1944. The two columns of German poetry in the center refer to Drake’s recent return from his voyage and invoke the image in the broadside of him loading his ship with powder to fight the enemies of Christendom. It then warns soldiers not to act as mercenaries for non-Christians. As Drake never fought the Turks nor any non-Christian government, it seems likely that the author of this broadside sought to exploit Drake’s fame as a privateer and successful military leader for Queen Elizabeth, as a model for Germans to serve Christendom in the war against the Turks.

Andresen ascribes the etching to Balthasar Jenichen (fl. 1563-92, died before 1621), a prolific artist of Nuremberg. Drugulin describes a copy with that artist’s name inscribed in the plate, “B. Jenichen fec.,” and a copy of the unsigned state appeared in Ludwig Rosenthal catalogue 85 in 1892 as item 427, from which it was sold to the Germanisches Nationalmuseum. Rosenthal assigned to the etching a date of circa 1568, which seems impossible given the inscription. Our copy is the state without the artist’s name, as is the copy at the John Carter Brown.

The most extensive discussion of Drake portraiture, in Wagner, does not mention this example. None of the examples reproduced there, painted or engraved, show the same treatment of the face, though the pose and type of armor are remi- niscent of the famous “Hondius” portrait. In his discussion of the John Carter Brown acquisition, Lawrence Wroth notes that a copy of the portrait alone is noted in the Gardiner Greene Hubbard collection in the Library of Congress. He also notes that from that copy the portrait was reproduced by John Fiske in his BEGINNINGS OF NEW ENGLAND (1898), the only instance of its use known to Wroth. It is not listed in O’Donaghue’s CATALOGUE OF ENGRAVED ENGLISH PORTRAITURE IN THE .

A fine copy of an extraordinary illustrated broadside, of the greatest interest for the early history of world travel and exploration. JCB, : A PRELIMINARY HANDLIST (1979) 1103 (dated 1588 by conjecture of L. Wroth). JCB, REPORT 1943/44, pp.23-27. WAGNER, SIR FRANCIS DRAKE’S VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD (1926), p.509, note 62. W. DRUGULIN, HISTORISCHER BILDERATLAS...ZWEITER THEIL (1867) 558. ANDRESEN, DEUTSCHE PEINTRE-GRAVEUR II:58. HOLLSTEIN XVB 162. $120,000.

New Haven Murderer and Seminole War Veteran

26. Foote, Henry Leander: A SKETCH OF THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF HENRY LEANDER FOOTE, SENTENCED TO BE HUNG IN NEW HAVEN, JUNE 19, 1850, (REPRIEVED BY THE LEGISLATURE TILL OCTOBER 2, 1850,) FOR THE MURDER OF MISS EMILY H. COOPER....TOGETHER WITH HIS ADVEN- TURES AS A U.S. DRAGOON DURING THE FLORIDA WAR....WITH...HIS CONFESSION OF THE RAPE AND MURDER OF MISS COOPER, AND HIS ADDRESS ON THE GALLOWS. New Haven: T.J. Stafford, [1850]. 56pp. Original plain wrappers, stitched as issued. Wrappers somewhat soiled and slightly chipped, with one small closed tear from front fore-edge. Title in contemporary manuscript on front wrapper, later institutional bookplate inside front. Tanning and foxing. Good. In original condition.

A lurid autobiography written by a Connecticut murderer who also served as a Dragoon in Florida during the Second Seminole War. He claims to relate in the present work “a description of the horrid massacre of two families, and some battles, never before published,” and his detailed account of his service from 1835 to 1837 occupies most of the first part of the pamphlet. The Appendix contains his confession to the rape and murder of Emily Cooper, his twelve-year-old cousin, and the address he planned to give at the time of his hanging, in which he blames (among other things) “licentious novels” for leading him astray. This is the second edition, with three added pages containing details of his execution, published after his hanging. OCLC locates only three copies of this edition, at the New-York Historical Society, the American Anti- quarian Society, and the Clements Library; and two copies of the first edition, at Yale and Trinity College. Not in Servies. McDADE 310. COHEN 12568. $5000.

Matched Set

27. Franklin, John: NARRATIVE OF A JOURNEY TO THE SHORES OF THE POLAR SEA, IN THE YEARS 1819, 20, 21, AND 22...WITH AN APPENDIX ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS RELATING TO SCIENCE AND NATURAL HISTORY.... [with:] NARRATIVE OF A SECOND EXPEDITION TO THE SHORES OF THE POLAR SEA, IN THE YEARS 1825, 1826, AND 1827...INCLUDING AN ACCOUNT OF THE PROGRESS OF A DETACHMENT TO THE EASTWARD, BY JOHN RICHARDSON.... London. 1823/1828. Two volumes. [iii]-xvi,768pp. plus errata slip, thirty plates (eleven in color), and four folding maps; xxiv,[xxi]-xxiv,320,clvii,[2]pp. plus thirty-one plates and six folding maps. Both volumes lacking half titles. Quarto. Contemporary calf, expertly rebacked in matching calf, spine gilt. Minor shelf wear. Modern bookplate on each front pastedown, small institutional ink stamp on titlepage and Contents page of first volume. Otherwise, a bright, clean copy in very good condition.

The first volume narrates Franklin’s first expedition of 1819-22. Franklin, along with naturalist Dr. John Richardson, was appointed to lead an expedition overland from Hudson’s Bay to east of the mouth of the Coppermine River for the purposes of establishing the latitudes and longitudes of the northern coast of America, developing a correct geographi- cal description of the country, and searching for a northwest passage. Franklin’s narrative includes a great deal of detail regarding the country, native Indians, the murder of Robert Hood, and their disappointment in failing to find a passage. Sabin calls the appendix “valuable” in its contribution to the knowledge of natural history in the area. The handsome plates include illustrations of the native Indians and Eskimos (many of them attractively colored), artifacts, types of fish, and ships at sea. “’The views of Arctic scenery with which these volumes are both illustrated and embellished, are of extreme beauty.’ - QUARTERLY REVIEW” - Sabin.

Two issues were published of this first volume, both in 1823. The present issue is the first, with 768 pages (see Streeter and Sabin). The second issue contains a longer introduction, with an additional note about the moral condition of the Indians. The main text appears to be extremely similar (though not identical) up to page 730, in the midst of John Rich- ardson’s “Botanical Appendix,” and thereafter a number of changes are incorporated. The third edition of Wagner-Camp lists the second issue, and the fourth edition of Wagner-Camp lists the first issue. One of the maps called for in the list of plates and maps, “From Slave Lake to the Arctic Sea,” is not present and “An Outline to Shew the Connected discoveries of Capts. Ross, Parry & Franklin in the years 1818, 19, 20 and 21” is in its place. Apparently this was the map that was issued with the book, since it is contained in Streeter’s copy and that of the Bancroft Library, which are also copies of this first issue (although evidently Wagner’s copy contained the “correct” map). The in the list of maps printed in the book is not corrected in the second issue.

The second volume prints Franklin’s account of his second voyage, of 1825-27. The work is mainly devoted to the accounts of Richardson and Franklin in their explorations of the Mackenzie River region of the Canadian Northwest, although it contains a brief narrative of the explorations of Thomas Drummond in the Canadian Rockies. The plates, which are fine engravings by Finden after drawings and sketches by Lieut. Kendall and Capt. Back, depict the Mackenzie Basin and the Arctic Ocean. The handsome maps include “Route of the Expedition A.D. 1825, from Fort William to the Saskatchewan River...,” “Route of the Expedition from York Factory to Cumberland House...in 1819 & 1820,” “Route of the Expedition from Isle a la Crosse to Fort Providence, in 1819 & 1820,” “Route of the Land Arctic Expedition...from Great Slave Lake to Great Bear Lake River...,” and “The Discoveries of the Expedition...Near the mouth of the Mackenzie River, and on the Sea Coast East & West....” First volume: WAGNER-CAMP 23:1. FIELD 560. GRAFF 1406. LANDE 1181. PEEL 80. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 1326. SABIN 25624. TPL 1248. Second volume: WAGNER-CAMP 35:1. FIELD 561. GRAFF 1407. LANDE 1182. PEEL 88. SABIN 25628. STREETER SALE 3699. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 47. $8500.

The Greatest Outlaw Book in Western Americana

28. Garrett, Pat F.: THE AUTHENTIC LIFE OF BILLY, THE KID, THE NOTED DESPERADO OF THE SOUTHWEST, WHOSE DEEDS OF DARING AND BLOOD MADE HIS NAME A TERROR IN NEW MEX- ICO, ARIZONA AND NORTHERN MEXICO. Santa Fe: New Mexican Printing and Publishing Co., 1882. 137pp. (pp.113-128 mispaginated 121-136) plus six plates including frontispiece portrait of the Kid. Present is the errata slip only sometimes found, tipped to foot of p.121. With a clipped signature of Marshall Pat Garrett laid in. Slightly later plain blue wrappers. Wrappers soiled along edges and worn at spine. Early ownership signature at head of titlepage and foot of final page. Tear in final leaf repaired with loss to five words but not affecting the sense. Three leaves with upper outer edge torn away, not affecting text or pagination. Else quite clean and neat internally. Overall, still very good. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase and chemise.

The most famous western outlaw book, and one of the rarest, the life of Billy the Kid by the man who killed him. Prob- ably actually written by Ashmun Upson with the close collaboration of Garrett, this book is the foundation stone of the Billy the Kid legend. Dykes enumerates at length some of the inaccuracies of the narrative, and Adams is even more critical of particular points; but as Dykes’ work admirably demonstrates, the whole point of the Kid legend is not so much to preserve the facts of the case, but to grow the legend itself, and it is from this book that the legend springs. “First genuine biography of America’s most spectacular example of juvenile delinquency” - Howes. “Exceedingly rare” - Adams. HOWES G73, “b.” DYKES, KID 13. ADAMS SIX-GUNS 807. GRAFF 1515. RADER 1541. STREETER SALE 4287. SAUNDERS 2916. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 198. $28,500.

Firsthand Account of the Lewis and Clark Expedition

29. Gass, Patrick: A JOURNAL OF THE VOYAGES AND TRAVELS OF A CORPS OF DISCOVERY, UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPT. LEWIS AND CAPT. CLARKE [sic] OF THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES, FROM THE MOUTH OF THE RIVER MISSOURI THROUGH THE INTERIOR PARTS OF TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN, DURING THE YEARS 1804, 1805 & 1806. Pittsburgh: Printed by Zadok Cramer, for David M’Keehan, Publisher and Proprietor, 1807. 262pp. 12mo. Contemporary calf spine and patterned paper boards, spine gilt. Boards heavily worn. Later ownership label on front pastedown, contemporary ownership inscriptions on end- papers. Two leaves (C3, C4) loose and slightly worn. Some light scattered foxing and soiling, but on the whole quite clean internally. Very good. In a cloth clamshell case.

A rare, unsophisticated copy of the first edition of the earliest published firsthand account of the Lewis and Clark expedi- tion: “one of the essential books for an Americana collection” (Streeter). The origins of Gass’ journal are explained in an April 7, 1805 letter from Meriwether Lewis to President Thomas Jefferson: “We have encouraged our men to keep journals, and seven of them do so, to whom in this respect we give every assistance in our power.” Because of the delay in the publication of the official account, Gass’ journal became the first to appear in print, and as such was eagerly taken up by readers starved for information about the discoveries. “Patrick Gass was a rough reliable frontier soldier when he joined the Lewis and Clark expedition. He was made a sergeant when Sergeant Floyd died. He writes a terse soldier’s narrative with rugged honesty....For seven years his story offered the only real information the nation had of the Oregon country and of the Louisiana Purchase. It is a work of primary importance” - Webster A. Jones. First editions of Gass’ journal have become scarce, particularly in good condition. STREETER SALE 3120. GRAFF 1516. SABIN 26741. HILL 685. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 12646. SMITH 3465. WAGNER-CAMP 6:1. HOWES G77, “b.” LITERATURE OF THE LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION 3.1. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 29. $16,000.

Extraordinary Collection of over 400 Watercolors of Animals of the World by a Little-Known British Naturalist

30. Goodall, William: [AN EXTENSIVE, LIFE-TIME COLLECTION OF 409 WATERCOLOR DRAWINGS OF ANIMALS, EACH CAPTIONED WITH LINNAEAN CLASSIFICATION AND OTHER INFORMATION]. [Dinton, Buckinghamshire, England]. 1794-1833 (watermarks). Each pen-and-ink and watercolor is on wove paper. Each approximately 12½ x 7¾ inches. All signed by Goodall. Very good. In two blue cloth chemises and two cloth boxes with morocco labels on upper covers.

William Goodall was educated at Eton, became an ordained priest of the Church of England and served as absentee rector at All Saints Church, Marsham, near Aylsham in Norfolk from 1787-1844. In 1788, he married the sole heiress of Dinton Hall, Buckinghamshire, making him lord of the manor and a Justice of the Peace for Bucks. Painting was a life-long hobby. His brother Joseph Goodall (1760-1840), long-time Provost of Eton, was a noted collector of natural history drawings and friend of William Swainson. Their shared passion suggests that the Goodall brothers were educated at an early age in both natural history and the fine arts.

The present collection of over four hundred watercolors would seem to be a nearly life-time collection, with watermarks dated as early as 1794 and as late as 1833. Drawings by Goodall, sometimes confused with the family of artists of the same surname, exist in various institutions, including the Fitzwilliam Museum. While other collections include watercolors of insects, fish, shells and other animals, the present collection is strictly comprised of mammals.

The animals depicted include species from all over the world, including more exotic animals from Africa, Asia, Australia and the Americas. Many of the images are identified as derivative of printed sources, including the ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL, Shaw, Edwards, Pennant, Temminck, Ruppel, Leach, and others; however, others are labeled as having been done from specimens at Dinton. “William had no access to live whales or the larvae of foreign butterflies, so that he must have copied many of his paintings from printed works. This does not mean that he copied all of them. Some are prob- ably original or partly original. Many paintings suggest observations on live or newly caught organisms....Even paintings known to have been copied contain corrections or some new element to improve the presentation” (Locke & Collins).

“William lived in a more leisurely age when the only way to create a visual archive was to paint, much as we might now collect photographs. His pursuit of images probably satisfied his inclination to paint, to collect and to study natural his- tory combined in the one activity. He was following in the footsteps of Sir Hans Sloane-....He thus created his personal museum, a good part of which was a paper museum” - Locke & Collins. M. Locke & J.V. Collins, “Who was W. Goodall?” in THE LINNAEAN 17: 28-47 (2001). $60,000.

Important English History of the Revolution

31. Gordon, William: THE HISTORY OF THE RISE, PROGRESS, AND ESTABLISHMENT, OF THE INDE- PENDENCE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: INCLUDING AN ACCOUNT OF THE LATE WAR; AND OF THE , FROM THEIR ORIGIN TO THAT PERIOD. London: Printed for the Author..., 1788. Four volumes. [26],504; [8],584; [8],499; [8],445,[35]pp., plus nine engraved folding maps and plates. Contemporary tree calf, expertly rebacked to style retaining original labels. Very good.

A handsome set of the “first full-scale history of this war by an American; to its preparation Jefferson contributed some aid” (Howes). “Gordon is deservedly reckoned as the most impartial and reliable of the numerous historians of the Ameri- can Revolution” - Sabin. Gordon was a dissenting minister in England, who like many of his class sympathized with the contention of the Thirteen Colonies. Going to America during the disturbances and becoming pastor of the church at Jamaica Plain, now a district of Boston, he was throughout the Revolution a spectator close at hand of many important events, and the associate of many of the chief patriots. Later scholarship has shown that a good part of Gordon’s history was taken from the ANNUAL REGISTER.

This work is noted for its folding maps, engraved by T. Conder, which include a general map of the United States as well as maps of New England, New Jersey, Virginia, the Carolinas, and the areas surrounding Boston and New York City, plus battle plans of Fort Moultrie and Yorktown. HOWES G256, “aa.” SABIN 28011. LARNED 1341. GEPHART 996. NEBENZAHL, BATTLE PLANS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 23, 63, 86, 105, 201. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 86. $10,000. An Important U.S. Grant Telegraph on the Use of African-American Workers Near the End of the Civil War

32. Grant, Ulysses S.: [OUTSTANDING ORIGINAL WAR-DATE AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, AS THE TEXT OF A TELEGRAM, FROM ULYSSES S. GRANT TO MAJ. GEN. EDWARD ORD, SPECIFYING DI- RECTIONS FOR DEPLOYMENT OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN TROOPS IN VIRGINIA NEAR THE END OF THE CIVIL WAR]. City Point, Va. March 19, 1865. [1]pp., 6 x 7¾ inches. Autograph letter signed. Old horizontal folds, light edge toning, one tiny tear to bottom edge, else fine condition. Verso docketed with an 1896 penciled presentation inscription to Chicago manufacturing magnate, W.W. Wilcox, with a faint ink stamp recording the date of presentation.

An important and revealing original communication from the pen of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant near the close of the Civil War. Here, Grant writes a telegram to General Edward Ord, who was at that time in command of the Army of the James in Virginia. Ord’s forces were participating in the Appomattox Campaign and achieved their greatest success at the Breakthrough at Petersburg just about two weeks after this telegram was sent. Ord would later be present for Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House.

Here, Grant informs Ord that Sheridan has just brought in thousands of freed African-Americans to work as laborers for the Union. Grant sends them to the provost marshal at Fort Monroe in Hampton Roads, and informs Ord that he may employ some of the men however he might see fit. The text of the telegram reads:

“Gen. Sheridan has brought in with him some two or three thousand negroes. I have directed him to send them to the F.V. at Ft. Monroe. The Chief Ar. Ms. Gen. In galls, will give directions for the distribution and employment of the able bodied men. The balance you may direct to be sent to such settlement as you may think can best employ them. U.S. Grant Lt. Gen.”

Ord and his men were instrumental in bringing an end to the Civil War in the weeks that follow this telegram. On April 9, Ord led a forced march to Appomattox Court House that is credited for, in part, forcing Lee’s final surrender. Of this march, General William Tecumseh Sherman later wrote in an 1880 letter that he “had always understood that [Ord’s] skill- ful, hard march the night before was one of the chief causes of Lee’s surrender.” It is poetic justice of the highest order to consider that some of the African-American former slaves mentioned in this telegram were likely part of Ord’s forces at Appomattox, where they could have borne witness to the end of the Confederacy. THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1894. Series I, Volume XLVI, Part III, p.41. $17,500.

J.H. Green Gets Organized To Stop Gambling

33. [Green, Jonathan H.]: CONSTITUTION AND BYE-LAWS OF THE NEW YORK ASSOCIATION FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF GAMBLING [caption title]. New York: Brown & Eckler, 1850. 16pp. Dbd. Edges sprinkled. Very light scattered foxing. Very good plus.

An extremely rare anti-gambling tract and charter for a new New York anti-gambling society. It contains a mission state- ment from the reformed gambler and now “General Executive Agent and Corresponding Secretary of the New York As- sociation for the Suppression of Gambling,” Jonathan H. Green, author of GAMBLING UNMASKED! and various other works purporting to tell the truth about various gambling tricks. Green lays out his seven-point plan, chief among which is the formation of an Intelligence Office, “by means of which merchants, banking, insurance, and all other public institu- tions may learn whether persons in their employ, or with whom they have pecuniary dealings, are wasting their substance at the gaming table.” He also recommends more pedestrian methods of control, such as providing advice and counsel, and petitioning state governments. Also provided are the articles of the association constitution and its by-laws, as well as a list of rules and regulations for the new Intelligence Office. While all editions of this pamphlet are very scarce, this variant, with sixteen pages printed by Brown & Eckler rather than twelve by William S. Dorr, is slightly more so, with only one copy recorded by OCLC at Yale University. OCLC 887139492. $3000.

The First Great English Collection of Voyages

34. Hakluyt, Richard: THE PRINCIPAL NAVIGATIONS, VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES OF THE ENGLISH NATION, MADE BY SEA OR OVERLAND, TO THE REMOTE AND FARTHEST DISTANT QUARTERS OF THE EARTH AT ANY TIME WITHIN THE COMPASSE OF THESE 1600 YERES. London: George Bishop, Ralph Newberie and Robert Barker, 1599-1600. Three volumes bound in two. [24],620; [16],312,204; [16],868pp. Folio. 18th-century calf, rebacked with original spines neatly laid down. Slight edge wear. Two older bookplates on each front pastedown. Two unobtrusive early ownership signatures on titlepage of first volume. Very good.

The second edition, greatly expanded from the single-volume original version of Hakluyt’s voyages, with the 1599 titlepage and with the suppressed leaves relating the voyage to Cadiz from the 1720 reprint. The titlepage of the second volume reads “Hackluyt” and “1599” with line 7 reading “these 1600.yeres.” This second edition is an entirely different book from the initial 1589 compilation, more than doubling it in content.

“This [second edition] was indeed Hakluyt’s monumental masterpiece....Much that was new and important was included: the travels of Newbery and Fitch, Lancaster’s first voyage, the new achievements in the Spanish Main, and particularly Ralegh’s tropical adventures....The book must always remain a great work of history, and a great sourcebook of geography, while the accounts themselves constitute a body of narrative literature which is of the highest value in understanding the spirit of the tendencies of the Tudor age” - Penrose. “It is difficult to overrate the importance and value of this extraordinary collection of voyages” - Sabin. “...An invaluable treasure of nautical information which has affixed to Hakluyt’s name a brilliancy of reputation which time can never efface or obscure” - Church. Hakluyt’s collection will always be the primary source for the history of early British exploration, as well as one of the gems of Elizabethan letters.

Hakluyt took such patriotic pride in his countrymen’s exploits in the fields of travel and adventure that he devoted his life to preserving the records of all British voyages, and to advancing further means for the promotion of wealth and commerce for the nation. “Hakluyt was a vigorous propagandist and empire-builder; his purpose was to further British expansion overseas. He saw Britain’s greatest opportunity in the colonization of America, which he advocated chiefly for economic reasons, but also to spread Protestantism, and to oust Spain” - Hill. The third volume is devoted almost entirely to the Americas, the South Seas, and various circumnavigations of the world. It includes the accounts of Niza, Coronado, Ruiz, and Espejo relating to New Mexico; Ulloa, Drake, and others concerning California; and Raleigh’s account of Guiana.

Volume I of this set contains the circa 1720 reprint of the rare “Voyage to Cadiz” (pp.607-620), often lacking due to its suppression by order of Queen Elizabeth after the disgrace of the Earl of Essex; and with the second state of the Volume I titlepage. The reason for the existence of several states of these “Cadiz” leaves was the fall from royal favor of the Earl of Essex, who returned to England from Ireland without leave in 1599. The original titlepage, dated 1598, had made mention of Essex’s “famous victorie atchieued at the citie of Cadiz,” and so it was quickly replaced with the present ver- sion (dated 1599), which makes no mention of Cadiz. Normally the seven Cadiz leaves were simply removed from the end of the first volume.

As usual, this set does not contain the world map, which is almost always missing and was only actually issued with a handful of copies. Church was able to trace just thirteen copies of the map, a figure that Quinn in his census for THE HAKLUYT HANDBOOK could only increase to nineteen out of the total of 240 copies of the book that have been lo- cated, most of them held by institutions. Quinn remarks that even allowing for the ravages of time, this “survival rate is sufficiently low to raise the possibility that not all copies were equipped with the map, either because it was made available after many sets had been sold (which would mean that its date might be later than 1599), or because it was an optional extra supplied at additional cost.”

The greatest assemblage of travel accounts and navigations to all parts of the world collected up to its time, and a primary source for early New World exploration. This volume contains 243 narratives of voyages and travels in the New World, consisting of some one million seven hundred thousand words. GROLIER ENGLISH 100, 14. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 3, 4, 5, 6, 8c, 9a, 18a. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 105. STC 12626. SABIN 29595, 29597, 29598. JCB (3)I:360-61. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 598/42. BELL H10. HILL 743. PALAU 112038, 112039. BORBA DE MORAES, p.328-29. Penrose, TRAVEL AND DISCOVERY IN THE RENAISSANCE, p.318. PFORZHEIMER 443. CHURCH 322. QUINN, p.490. $37,500.

A Harrowing Colonial Voyage

35. Harrison, David: THE MELANCHOLY NARRATIVE OF THE DISTRESSFUL VOYAGE AND MIRACU- LOUS DELIVERANCE OF CAPTAIN DAVID HARRISON, OF THE SLOOP PEGGY, OF NEW-YORK, ON HIS VOYAGE FROM FYAL, ONE OF THE WESTERN ISLANDS, TO NEW YORK. London. 1766. [2],67pp. Half title. Modern three-quarter morocco and cloth boards, spine gilt. A few small scuff marks on spine, boards slightly rubbed. Light tanning, occasional faint foxing. Very good.

A truly horrifying narrative by the captain of a ship engaged in the wine trade to Madeira out of New York in the late colonial period. Captain Harrison picked up a cargo of wine and brandy in the fall of 1765, and while returning to New York lost most of his masts and sails in a series of storms. Supplies dwindled and eventually the crew, maddened by drink, murdered a black slave and ate him. Harrison, who took no part, describes the tragedy in detail, including the cooking methods (stewed in wine, then broiled). Lots had been drawn for the execution of a second member of the crew to serve as fodder when the ship, Susanna, in the Virginia trade, found the Peggy and saved her crew. In London, Harrison made statements about the affair for insurance purposes, printed here, and this fearsome account was published. A rare narrative. SABIN 30551. $10,000.

The Rarest of His Works

36. [Haywood, John]: THE CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE. By a Tennesseean. Nashville: Printed and sold by Thomas G. Bradford, 1819. 340,[339]-357pp. plus folding table. Lacks half of folding table. Contemporary drab boards with calf spine. Boards worn. First few leaves heavily marked by early owners. Light to moderate foxing and soiling. Good. Untrimmed and in original, unsophisticated condition. In a half morocco box.

“The author, not shown on the title page, was Judge John Haywood. THE CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE is the rarest of Haywood’s three well-known historical works. This book, title notwithstanding, is often called the first edition of his NATURAL AND ABORIGINAL HISTORY OF TENNESSEE. Much of the material which appears in the later work was contained in the earlier CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE, and must be considered therefore as the earliest work printed within the state relative to the aboriginal history of the area. Copies of the CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE are virtually never offered for sale, and when they infrequently appear the price is justifiably considerable for this Tennessee Rarity, which has to date never been reprinted” - Allen, TENNESSEE RARITIES. “...Devoted largely to a study of Indian antiquities, attempts to prove that American Indians were of Caucasian descent....the rarest of Haywood’s books” - Siebert Sale. The Siebert copy, which is the last copy to appear in auction records, sold for $9200 at his sale in 1999. ALLEN 393. HOWES H357, “aa.” HORN, TWENTY TENNESSEE BOOKS 3. ALLEN, TENNESSEANS 471. AL- LEN, TENNESSEE RARITIES 23. McMURTRIE (TENNESSEE) 166. SIEBERT SALE 364. $15,000.

The First White Man to Reach the Arctic Ocean Overland: A Large Paper Copy

37. Hearne, Samuel: A JOURNEY FROM PRINCE OF WALES’S FORT IN HUDSON’S BAY, TO THE NORTH- ERN OCEAN. UNDERTAKEN BY ORDER OF THE HUDSON’S BAY COMPANY, FOR THE DISCOVERY OF COPPER MINES, A NORTH WEST PASSAGE, &c. IN THE YEARS 1760, 1770, 1771, & 1772. London: Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell, 1795. xliv,458,[2]pp. plus five folding maps and four folding plates. Quarto. Contemporary speckled calf, spine gilt, leather label, rebacked, with original spine laid down. Moderate shelf wear. Modern bookplate on front pastedown, some foxing to plates and maps. An unusually clean copy of the text. Very good.

A rare large paper copy of Hearne’s invaluable account, with much detail on the Indian tribes of the region. In our ex- perience large paper copies are very rare. Hearne was sent by the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1769 to find a northwest passage via Hudson Bay and to explore the country for copper mines which had been reported by the Indians. After two initial failures, Hearne reached the Coppermine River in December of 1770 and followed it to its mouth on the Arctic coast. On his return he discovered Great Slave Lake. As a result of Hearne’s explorations, any theory of a western exit was disproved, and much was learned and reported about the natural history and Indian tribes of the region. Curiously, it is to the great French explorer, La Perouse, that we owe the publication of Hearne’s narrative, for it was La Perouse who discovered the manuscript when he captured Fort Albany on Hudson Bay. After the British recaptured the fort, La Perouse insisted on the publication of the manuscript by the Hudson’s Bay Company, which honored his request with this handsome quarto volume and its marvelous maps and plates.

A classic of American travel, by “the first white man to gaze on the Arctic or Frozen Ocean from the northern shores of the continent of America” - Lande. LANDE 1120. STREETER SALE 3652. SABIN 31181. BELL H73. HILL 791. TPL 445. FIELD 676. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 18 (note). $10,000.

The First, “Bon,” Issue of An Americana Classic

38. Hennepin, Louis: A NEW DISCOVERY OF A VAST COUNTRY IN AMERICA, EXTENDING ABOVE FOUR THOUSAND MILES, BETWEEN NEW FRANCE AND NEW MEXICO; WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE GREAT LAKES...WITH A CONTINUATION, GIVING AN ACCOUNT OF THE ATTEMPTS OF THE SIEUR DE LA SALLE UPON THE MINES OF ST. BARBE, &c. THE TAKING OF QUEBEC BY THE ENG- LISH.... London: Printed for M. Bentley, J. Tonson, H. Bonwick, T. Goodwin, and S. Manship, 1698. Two volumes bound in one. [22],299,[1],[32],178,[2],303-355pp. plus two folding maps and seven plates (six folding) including frontispiece. Contemporary calf, spine gilt. Contemporary bookplate on front pastedown. Minor foxing. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case.

The first issue of the English translation, known as the “Bon issue,” with plates and typography improved, after the original French edition published in Utrecht in 1697. No other narratives of French exploration in the interior of North America enjoyed as wide a popularity or stimulated as much controversy and criticism among later scholars as those of Hennepin. A Recollet missionary, Father Hennepin went to New France in 1675, and in 1678 he set out with La Salle to explore the fertile basin of the Mississippi River. While La Salle turned back to raise funds to continue the voyage, Hennepin went on to ascend the river from Fort Crevecoeur (Chicago) and penetrated farther northwest into the interior than any white man to that time. He discovered St. Anthony’s Falls near the present site of Minneapolis and provided the first eyewitness account of Niagara Falls. The engraving of the Falls which appears in his narrative, although an imaginative rendering, was the earliest to be published. Hennepin was subsequently captured by the Sioux, and after several months of wandering he was rescued by Daniel De Lhut.

This edition contains translations of both Hennepin’s second and third books, NOUVELLE DECOUVERTE... and NOUVEAU VOYAGE.... The first presents a fairly reliable account of Hennepin’s actual travels and experiences, but also incorporates his entirely false claim to have descended the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. This is, in fact, Father Zenobe Membre’s account, which Hennepin boldly plagiarized from Le Clercq’s ETABLISSEMENT DE LA FOY. In his sequel, NOUVEAU VOYAGE, Hennepin added new material drawn from contemporary sources on Indian manners and customs and various North American travels. The first eight chapters describe the adventures and murder of La Salle, while the last concern the British treatment of the Recollets after the taking of Quebec in 1629. Despite the fact that Hennepin has been severely and justly criticized for imposture and plagiarism, his works, according to Thwaites, still stand as “invaluable contributions to the sources of American history; they deserve study, and to this day furnish rare entertain- ment. We can pardon much to our erratic friar, when he leaves to us such monuments as these.” The maps are of great importance for the cartography of the Midwest. JCB (2)II:1535. WING H1450. SABIN 31371. CHURCH 772. TPL 6354. STREIT II:2780. HOWES H416, “b.” COX II, p.84. BELL H120. LANDE 423 (ref). GRAFF 1862. VAIL 278. DIONNE II:250. $9000.

Naval Researchers in the Amazon

39. Herndon, William Lewis: [AUTOGRAPH MANUSCRIPT LETTER BOOK OF U.S. NAVAL LIEUTENANT WILLIAM LEWIS HERNDON]. [At sea, and in Tarma, Peru. 1848-1851]. [43]pp. Small folio. Contemporary marbled boards, neatly rebacked in gilt-ruled calf. Boards rubbed, with a few small patches torn away from front board, corners and edges worn. Contemporary bookplate on front pastedown. Text clean and legible. About very good. In a cloth clamshell box, gilt leather label.

The entries commence with two lists of items belonging to the engineering department on the U.S.S. Iris, followed by Herndon’s outgoing correspondence during his command of that vessel, and a final two-page letter to Passed Midshipman Lardner Gibbon written at Tarma, Peru on June 30, 1851. The correspondence dwells primarily on various engineering problems and administrative issues. Included, however, is an unusual five-page letter dated aboard the Iris at Laguna in March of 1848 to an unidentified recipient, but probably Matthew C. Perry, commanding the Home Squadron off Mexico during the Mexican-American War. The letter reports the results of Herndon’s meetings at Sisal with Military Comman- dant Don Alonzo Azuar regarding Indian involvement in the conflict, and with the senior Spanish Naval Officer present, Don Francisco Garcia di Salas, commander of the brig Nervian, regarding the landing of guns and munitions.

The final letter in the volume is of great significance. It is Herndon’s instructions to Passed Midshipman Lardner Gib- bon regarding his further exploration of the Amazon following their separation at Tarma, Peru on July 1, 1851. Herndon assigned Gibbon a different route of discovery so that “while I gave my own personal attention to the countries drained by the upper Marañon, Mr. Gibbon might explore some, and gather all the information he could respecting others, of the Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon.” This letter provides Gibbon with guidance as to the route he is to follow and the importance of minimizing risk to himself to ensure that the results of their exploration might be preserved. The letter is printed verbatim in the first volume of Herndon and Gibbon’s EXPLORATION OF THE VALLEY OF THE AMAZON (Washington, 1854, pp.33-34). Herndon’s report of his exploration of the main trunk of the Amazon is the subject of the first volume of that work; Gibbon’s report of his journey is the subject of the second volume.

Six years later, then a navy captain in command of the ill-fated U.S. Mail Steamer Central America, Herndon perished with 426 passengers and crew when the ship foundered on September 12. Before the ship sank Herndon organized and directed the evacuation of many passengers, including all the women and children. Herndon’s heroism prompted the construction of the Herndon Monument at the U.S. Naval Academy in 1860. $6500.

A Rare Franklin Search Title

40. Inglefield, Edward Augustus: A SUMMER SEARCH FOR SIR JOHN FRANKLIN; WITH A PEEP INTO THE POLAR BASIN. London: Thomas Harrison, 1853. xxi,232pp. plus frontispiece, three plates (two colored, one fold- ing), and a large folding map. Half title. Three-quarter calf and marbled boards in antique style, gilt spine label. Folding map backed with linen. 20th-century bookplate on front pastedown. Light tanning and marginal dust soiling. Very good.

The first edition of one of the rarest Franklin search books, and an important narrative of the voyage of the Isabel, com- missioned to search for the lost Franklin expedition and to supply Beecher’s expedition. The voyage was commanded by E.A. Inglefield, a skilled navigator and a talented artist; the expedition was supplied by Lady Jane Franklin. Inglefield sailed through Davis Strait to Melville Bay and to Smith Sound, where he reached the then-highest latitude in the Arctic on August 27. Although the expedition only lasted four months, this book is among the most important in Arctic literature, as his work considerably furthered the knowledge of the topography and natural science of northern Baffin Bay.

A fundamental text for any library concerned with the lost Franklin expedition. LANDE S1114. ABBEY TRAVEL 642. SABIN 34758. TPL 3265. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 7716. HOWGEGO III, p.271. $11,000.

Not Quite THE FEDERALIST, but Still Favors the Constitution

41. [Jackson, Jonathan]: THOUGHTS UPON THE POLITICAL SITUATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, IN WHICH THAT OF MASSACHUSETTS IS MORE PARTICULARLY CONSIDERED. WITH SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION FOR A FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. ADDRESSED TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNION. By a Native of Boston. Worcester: Isaiah Thomas, 1788. 209pp. Antique-style half calf and marbled boards, leather label. Some foxing, most severe on titlepage. Very good.

An important argument in favor of adopting the Constitution. “Jackson arrives in a most leisurely manner at his conclusion that the Constitution should be ratified...he condemns opulence and drunkenness as unbecoming to a republic, and warns the country to be on guard against European influence in either politics or fashion” - Streeter. Jackson (1743-1810) was a Harvard graduate, member of Congress, state senator, and in 1789 was made a United States marshal. His arguments are a classic example of a New England Federalist. Goodspeed’s paid $80 for the Streeter copy in 1967. HOWES J23. EVANS 21173. ESTC W28300. COHEN 2838. SABIN 35441. STREETER SALE 1051. REESE, FEDERAL HUNDRED 18, note. $4000.

Jefferson’s First Book: The Copy of a Prominent English Politician of the Revolutionary Period

42. [Jefferson, Thomas]: A SUMMARY VIEW OF THE RIGHTS OF BRITISH AMERICA. SET FORTH IN SOME RESOLUTIONS INTENDED FOR THE INSPECTION OF THE PRESENT DELEGATES OF THE PEOPLE OF VIRGINIA, NOW IN CONVENTION. By a Native, and Member of the House of Burgesses. Williamsburg, Printed by Clementina Rind. London, Re-Printed for G. Kearsly, 1774. xvi,[5]-44pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Contemporary ownership inscription Light dust soiling to titlepage, light tanning throughout. Very good plus.

Thomas Jefferson’s first book, a central document of the Revolution. This is the second of two textually identical British editions that appeared in 1774, the same year as the Williamsburg first and a Philadelphia edition printed by John Dun- lap. “This is Jefferson’s first separately printed book and, according to Randolph Adams is one of the four fundamental works relating to the Revolution....The SUMMARY VIEW should be required reading for those who today are inclined to minimize and excuse the conduct of the British towards our ancestors” - Streeter. Jefferson submitted this petition to the Virginia convention, with the intent that it be sent to King George. Because of its strong tone it was never sent, but printed copies circulated in America, and this London edition appeared as well. It was an extraordinary debut, and its success was probably responsible for Jefferson’s election to the Second Continental Congress and his role in drafting the Declaration of Independence. This edition contains an added address “To the King,” attributed to Arthur Lee.

This copy bears a significant provenance, having belonged to Sir Richard Grenville, Second Earl Temple (1711-79), with his ownership inscription on the titlepage. He was the older brother of George Grenville, who as Prime Minister of Great Britain led the institution of the Sugar and Stamp Acts, the initial provocations to American colonists after the French and Indian War that would eventually lead to the Revolution. Richard Grenville himself was an important cabinet minister and briefly First Lord of the Admiralty during the administrations of William Pitt (who was his brother-in-law) in the 1750s and early 1760s. Such was his loyalty that he resigned in protest from the cabinet with Pitt in 1761.

The first edition of A SUMMARY VIEW was printed in a small edition at Williamsburg, also in 1774, and according to Streeter not more than five copies are known of that rarity (the last copy at auction, in 1991, realized $231,000). Any of the other 1774 editions are also rare on the market. HOWES J79. AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 119d. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 74-37c. STREETER SALE 754 (another ed). SABIN 35918. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 19 (ref). $60,000.

Thomas Jefferson Writes the Marquis de Chastellux, Discussing His Book about His American Travels

43. Jefferson, Thomas: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM THOMAS JEFFERSON TO FRANÇOIS-JEAN DE CHASTELLUX, PRAISING HIM FOR HIS PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS OF HIS TRAVELS IN THE UNITED STATES, AND SUGGESTING TEXT EDITS TO CHASTELLUX’S AMERICAN TRAVEL ACCOUNTS]. Paris. Dec. 24, 1784. [3]pp. with integral address leaf addressed in Jefferson’s hand. Original mailing folds, a few minor marginal tears, including minor marginal paper loss from opening of the wax seal, repaired. Blind stamp of the Chastellux Archives in upper margin of first leaf. Very good. Wax seal still present. In a half morocco box.

An outstanding letter from Thomas Jefferson to Chastellux, praising the author for “The most flattering account of America that had ever been written.” Jefferson was living in Paris at the time, succeeding Benjamin Franklin as minister to France. His main task was the negotiation of trade agreements with France for the Congress of the Confederation. Chastellux served as a Major General in the French army under Rochambeau, and travelled widely in America from 1780 to 1783. Howes calls the narrative of Chastellux’s time in America, which he eventually published in its complete form in 1786, “The first trustworthy record of life in the United States.” After the war, he remained in friendly communication with many vital figures of the Revolution and the early United States, including Jefferson and George Washington. As Jefferson writes this letter to him, Chastellux is again living in Paris, at the Hotel Quai d’Orsay.

The thrust of Jefferson’s letter is a tactful confrontation of the troublesome nature of certain passages in Chastellux’s privately printed VOYAGE...DE NEWPORT A PHILADELPHIE:

“When I was in Philadelphia in the winter of 1782-1783 a gentleman [probably James Madison]...told me with much con- cern that you had written a book of journals & had a few copies printed, which had not only given great offence, but had very much lessened the public opinion of your talents. I think I need not tell you how deeply I felt this. He repeated to me perhaps half a dozen passages from your...Voiage de Newport a Philadelphie, and contained strictures on some of the ladies whom you had seen.... The circumstances noted, the not intending they should be public, the conversations I had with you at Monticello...furnished me just ground enough to make my friend suppose that the passages...must not undo the public opinion of you. I heard much afterwards of these same passages....A twelvemonth after this...in the last winter 1783-1784 Mr. Marbois shewed me the book itself. I never was so astonished. I found it the most flattering account of America that had ever been written. I found indeed the passages which had been quoted; & what was remarkable was that there were in the whole book but about eight of these which could give offence to any body, and that the malice and curiosity of the world had immediately fished out these from those who were possessed of the book...knew not one word else of what was in it, but formed a general opinion that the whole was...a collection of personal strictures and satyre.”

Jefferson helpfully suggests outright removal of certain portions of text in Chastellux’s work that will smooth over some of the perceived slights of America, especially the passages containing unflattering observations on American women, and then proposes translating the work for exposure to American readers:

“I observed to Monsr. Marbois that it was much to be wished that you would let us strike out these passages, and translate and publish the work. He thought with me that it would be very pleasing to the Americans and valuable to yourself.... He said he would write to you on the subject...but my appointment to come here prevented my doing it. I do not know that you have any occasion to set any value on the opinions of my countrymen. But you must allow myself to do it....It is irksome to us to have your worth mistaken; and it is much our wish to set it in its just point of view. This would be done effectually by translating and publishing the book, having first struck out the passages which gave offence and which were of the least importance of any in it. A preface might admit the former existence of such passages, justify their insertion in what was intended for the eye of a dozen friends only, & equally justify their omission when the work is offered to the public. Perhaps you would permit to be added a translation of your letter to Mr. [Madison] on the probable influence of the revolution on our manners and laws, a work which I have read with great pleasure and wish it could be given to my countrymen. Be so good as to reflect on these things and let them be the subject of our next conversation....”

When Chastellux published the full edition of his travels in 1786 as VOYAGE DE M. LE MARQUIS DE CHASTEL- LUX DANS L’AMÉRIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE DANS LES ANNÉES 1780, 1781 & 1782, at Jefferson’s suggestion the author greatly softened the tone of (or deleted) the offending passages, most of which concerned his observations of women, including a passage describing Philip Schuyler’s wife, Catherine Van Rensselaer. Chastellux’s account of his travels in America, considered his most popular and enduring work, is prized among historians for his observations of American society and culture at the close of the American Revolution.

An important correspondence from a leading Founding Father to the most prominent foreign traveller in Revolutionary America. PAPERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 7, pp.580-582. FOUNDERS ONLINE, “From Thomas Jefferson to Chastellux, 24 December 1784.” http://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-07-02-0425. $120,000.

A Volume from Jefferson’s Set of Molière

44. [Jefferson, Thomas]: Molière, Jean Baptiste: ŒUVRES DE MOLIERE. NOUVELLE ÉDITION. TOME PREMIER. A Londres [but actually Paris or Amsterdam]. 1784. [2],xxii,[2],314,[1]pp. plus frontispiece portrait. 12mo. Contemporary spotted calf, boards ruled in gilt, rebacked with portion of original spine laid down. Corners worn, some scuffing to boards. Contemporary ownership markings in signatures, slightly later ownership inscription on front free endpapers. Occasional dampstaining at edges, scattered foxing. Very good. In a half morocco box.

Thomas’ Jefferson’s copy of the first volume of a seven volume set of the works of Molière in French. This is a pirated edition, with a false London imprint but actually printed in Paris or Amsterdam in 1783-1784. This copy is marked by Jefferson in his usual style, with a “T” next to the I or J signature, and a “J” beside the T signature. It is also signed “M. Randolph, Monticello” on the verso of the front free endpaper - the signature of Martha Jefferson Randolph, Thomas Jefferson’s daughter.

This volume of Molière’s works contains the biography of the playwright by Voltaire, and four of his comedies: L’ETOURDI (“The Blunderer”), LE DÉPIT AMOUREUX (“The Love Tiff”), LES PRÉCIEUSES RIDICULES (“The Pretentious Ladies”), and LE COCU IMAGINAIRE (“The Imaginary Cuckold”). It illustrates Jefferson’s taste for light literature (or at least what his age would have considered light), especially French.

According to Sowerby, Jefferson owned two sets of Molière, one a 1710 edition, the other the present 1784 edition. Both were only known to her through the 1815 Jefferson library catalogue, and Jefferson’s confused entry (although it is correct in identifying it as a false imprint) kept her from more fully identifying the set. It is likely that Jefferson acquired this set during his period as U.S. Ambassador in France; it would have been a newly printed work at the time. Jefferson’s daughter Martha, who signed the volume at Monticello, was close to her father, lived at Monticello with him for much of his life after he retired, and inherited the estate on his death in 1826. She died in 1836, the last of his children.

Sowerby could not locate this set at the time she wrote the catalogue of Jefferson’s library. As far as we know, this is the only volume to come to light. An excellent example of a volume from Jefferson’s library, with his distinctive marks and the signature of his daughter at Monticello. SOWERBY, CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 4582. $37,500. An Extraordinary Work of Early American Jewish Calligraphy

45. [Jewish-Americana]: Cardozo, Isaac Nunez: A FAMILY GENEALOGY SAMUEL BEALS AND REBEKAH WILKERSON WERE MARRIED THE 16th JULY 1778. CEMENTED WITH LOVE CHILDREN OF THIS COUPLE.... Boston: Isaac N. Cardozo, 1795. Ink on paper, 20½ x 15½ inches. Paper unevenly toned. Near fine. Framed.

A beautiful hand-drawn family genealogy created by Isaac Nunez Cardozo, an accomplished 18th-century Jewish-American calligrapher and artist. 18th-century artworks in any medium by American Jews are exceedingly rare. The present work, which was featured in the 1984 exhibition at the Jewish Museum in New York called “The Jewish Heritage in American Folk Art,” is an exceptional example of Jewish-American art. Of the fourteen items from the 18th century included in that exhibition, only five (including samplers, congregational records, a marriage contract, and the present genealogical manuscript) are demonstrably by a Jewish hand.

Isaac Nunez Cardozo (1751-1832) was born in London and brought to New York by his parents when he was only one year old. Prominent American jurist Benjamin Cardozo was Isaac Cardozo’s great-grandson. As a young man Isaac Cardozo lived in New York and Philadelphia, where in 1782 he contributed to the cost of building a new synagogue for Congregation Mikveh Israel, the second oldest in the country. He married Sarah Hart in 1798 and moved with her to Easton, Pennsylvania, where he endeavored at various trades, including school teaching, tailoring, and the sale of patent medicine. He is best known today, however, for his illuminated works, including the present FAMILY GENEALOGY, his most ambitious and accomplished effort to survive.

This work falls into the folk art genre of family registers, which were quite popular in late 18th and early 19th centuries New England. This work records the family genealogy of Samuel Beals and Rebekah Wilkerson, who were married July 16, 1778 and had nine children. The names and birth dates of the children are given, stretching from June 16, 1779 (Samuel Beals, Jr.) to Oct. 13, 1795, the birth date of Isaac Nunis Cardozo Beals, named after the artist himself, and indicative of the close nature of the relationship between Beals and Cardozo. Within a rectangle of wreaths is a casket and the infor- mation that the family patriarch, Samuel Beals, died Nov. 15, 1795 at age thirty-nine. Sixteen lines of text attest to Beals’ outstanding character, kindness, and generosity. The elder Beals’ death likely prompted the creation of this genealogy. As with another ink on paper work done by Cardozo a few years later, reproducing the Ten Commandments, the present work bears an arch carrying the phrase: “cemented with love.” The illustration bears a wealth of Masonic iconography, some twenty-eight symbols in all, including the all-seeing eye, the beehive, and the compass. The records of the Rising States Masonic Lodge list Samuel Beals as a member in 1794.

Labels on the verso of the frame indicate this manuscript genealogy had in the past been offered by the Old Print Shop and by Kennedy Galleries (both of New York) and that it was included in the Jewish Museum exhibition.

An exceptional and highly appealing 18th-century folk art family genealogy, by an accomplished Jewish-American artist and calligrapher. KLEEBLATT & WERTKIN, THE JEWISH HERITAGE IN AMERICAN FOLK ART 14. $32,500.

A Key Overland Guide

46. Johnson, Overton, and William H. Winter: ROUTE ACROSS THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS, WITH A DESCRIP- TION OF OREGON AND CALIFORNIA; THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES, THEIR RESOURCES, SOIL, , PRODUCTIONS.... Lafayette, In.: John B. Semans, Printer, 1846. 152pp. Original green drab boards, cloth spine. Cloth worn, hinges cracked but solid. Corners worn. Bookplate on front pastedown, contemporary ink inscription on front fly leaf. Some light foxing. Very good. In a red half morocco and cloth slipcase and chemise, spine gilt.

One of the earliest and rarest overland guide books to the Oregon Trail, chronologically the second such guide, preceded only by the Hastings guide of 1845. The authors went overland to Oregon in 1843. Winter went to California the fol- lowing year, then returned to Indiana, where he arranged to publish this guide book in time for the 1846 emigrant season. The book provides a detailed account of the 1843 trip, a long description of Oregon, Winter’s route to California, the Bear Flag movement, gold at Santa Barbara, and northern California. The return route from California is also described, and there is a table of distances in the rear. Winter eventually settled in the Napa-Sonoma area.

This is the issue has corrected text on pages 26 and 36. A rarity, afforded a “d” by Howes, who calls it “one of the greatest of early overland narratives.” This copy bears an ownership inscription which reads: “Jno. M.Gowan / Johnson classmate in / college for 3 years.” A later hand has indicated that this was Wabash College, in Crawfordsville. A key guide and important work of Western Americana, with an interesting association. GRAFF 2221. HOWES J142, “d.” SABIN 36260. STREETER SALE 3145. WAGNER-CAMP 122. COWAN, p.315. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 90. $20,000.

First State of a Legendary Colonial American Town View

47. Johnston, Thomas: QUEBEC, THE CAPITAL OF NEW-FRANCE, A BISHOPRICK, AND SEAT OF THE SOVERAIN COURT...Engrav’d & Printed By Thos. Johnston for Step. Whiting. [Boston. 1759]. Copper engraving, 7 x 9 inches, on an approximately 9½ x 12-inch sheet. Corners chipped, with minor paper loss, not affecting image. A few short marginal closed tears, neatly repaired. Some scattered dust soiling, a bit of stray ink along plate mark. A very good copy. In a half morocco box.

One of the rarest and most important early American engravings, Thomas Johnston’s view of Quebec is “the most important engraved view of that city, as well as the earliest executed by an American” (Deák). The view was prepared in conjunction with the British campaign against Canada, and was first advertised for sale in the BOSTON GAZETTE on Aug. 13, 1759, little more than a month before the French stronghold surrendered on Sept. 17. A key identifies twenty prominent sites which illustrate the importance of the capture.

The involved publication history of the print reaches back forty-four years prior to its American appearance. A variation of the view first appeared in Paris about 1715, with the imprint of “A Paris, Chez Jean Crepy,” and under the title of QUE- BEC, VILLE CAPITAL DU CANADA OU NOUVELLE FRANCE, LE SIEGE D’UNE EVESQUE ET D’UNE COUR SOUVERAINE.... The title is followed by an eight-line description of the history of the settlement of New France, and this is in turn followed by a key to the twenty numbered buildings on the print. About the same time, circa 1715-20, it appeared under a different imprint, “A Paris Chez Chereau,” with a slightly different title, reading QUEBEC, CAPITALE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, EVESCHE, ET SIEGE DE COURT SOUVERAINE, with the key to the numbered views, but without the history of the settlement. The third, and last, of the three early appearances, again about the same period or slightly later, was published by N. Bonnart in Paris. It is the most curious of the three, in that the image is reversed (that is, a mirror image of the other two). Since Bonnart’s view is the one that is geographically reversed, it is clear that he copied his print from one of the earlier two finished prints, but not from a copper plate. Bonnart retained the title and the key as they appear on the Chereau view, suggesting that this is the one he copied. The earliest appearance of this view in English appears to be the inset view of Quebec on the Popple map of 1733 and later editions. The origin of the view is a bit confusing. Stokes & Haskell attribute it to De Fonville’s manuscript map of 1699, while Clarence Webster attributes it to Jean-Baptiste Louis Franquelin’s manuscript map, also done in 1699.

Thomas Johnston was one of the most important and best known 18th-century colonial American engravers. In addition to this famous view of Quebec, he was responsible for many important maps and views produced in Boston during the 18th century, including William Burgis’ map of Boston (1728), John Bonner’s map of Boston (fourth state of 1732), John Greenwood’s PROSPECT OF YALE COLLEGE (1749), and Samuel Blodgett’s PLAN OF THE BATTLE FOUGHT NEAR LAKE GEORGE (1755).

Like many early American craftsmen, Johnston was a jack of all trades. Sinclair Hitchings describes him as a “Boston house painter and decorator, japanner, engraver, painter of coats of arms, church singer, publisher of singing books and pioneer New England builder of organs...Johnston would see to the painting of your garden fence or sitting room, sell you gilt paper for a screen, color and varnish your wall maps, sell you a frame for a picture, paint a bedstead for you, stain and varnish a table.” In addition, Hitchings speculates that he was a significant early colonial portrait painter (pp.83-85).

Johnston considered himself first and foremost a japanner of furniture, and he so describes himself on his trade card of 1732 (reproduced by Hitchings, plate 37). For “Thomas Johnston, Japaner,” see George Francis Dow, AMERICAN FURNI- TURE, QUEENE ANNE AND CHIPPENDALE PERIODS, IN THE HENRY FRANCIS DU PONT WINTERTHUR MUSEUM, item 187; also page xiv and item 188.

Johnston’s view of Quebec is exceedingly rare. Wendy Shadwell locates just six examples of the present state (American Antiquarian Society, Connecticut Historical Society, Harvard University, John Carter Brown Library, New York Public Library). There are two copies of this state at the National Archives of Canada. This copy was previously unlocated, which brings the total to nine known copies.

An unparalleled American view. FOWBLE, TWO CENTURIES OF PRINTS IN AMERICA A SELECTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE WINTERTHUR MUSEUM COLLECTION 256. SHADWELL, AMERICAN PRINTMAKING THE FIRST 150 YEARS 26. DEÁK, CATALOG OF AN EXHIBITION OF PRINTS, MAPS, AND DRAWINGS THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY 10. DEÁK, PICTURING AMERICA 78. STOKES & HASKELL, AMERICAN HISTORICAL PRINTS B-17. Sinclair Hitchings, “Thomas Johnston” in BOSTON PRINTS AND PRINTMAKERS, plate 49. $35,000.

Famous Assault on the English Government

48. “Junius” [pseudonym]: JUNIUS. STAT NOMINIS UMBRA. London: Printed for Henry Sampson Woodfall..., 1772. Two volumes. [2],xxxii, 208; [2],356,[38]pp. including the rarely-encountered Contents and Index sections. Con- temporary speckled calf, red and black gilt morocco labels. Minor edge wear, slight chipping to spine ends. Bookplates on front pastedowns, small contemporary ownership signature to top corner of front free endpaper. Mild toning. Very good.

The original collected edition of the letters, which were first published in the London PUBLIC ADVERTISER from Jan. 21, 1769 to Jan. 21, 1772 under the pseudonym of “Junius” (possibly Sir Philip Francis). “...’Junius’ poured brilliantly slanderous invective upon Tory-minded English ministers, especially the Duke of Grafton, for a series of ‘inconsistent measures’ which allegedly ruined England and drove the colonies ‘into excesses little short of rebellion.’ Vehement, lucid, frequently reprinted in English and colonial newspapers, the letters were polemical masterpieces with such extraordinary knowledge and appreciation of contemporary colonial opinion that they lent moral support to the early revolutionary cause. ‘Junius’ opposed the Tea Duty, but upheld the legality of the Stamp Act, and prophesied (Dec. 19, 1769) that the colonies aimed at independence” - DAH. Sabin calls this the best and the original collected edition.

This copy has the rarely present contents and index section at the end of volume 2. SABIN 36906. ESTC T1830. DAH III, p.190. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 14. $3000.

A False Boston Imprint During the Revolution: Lafayette’s Farewell to His Wife

49. [Lafayette, Marquis de]: LE TRIOMPHE DU BEAU SEXE, OU ÉPITRE DE M. LE MQUIS DE LA FAYETTE A SON ÉPOUSE. DU CAMP DU GENERAL WAGINSTON [sic], EN QUARTIER D’HIVER A LANCASTER, LE 22 JANVIER 1778. Boston [i.e. Paris]: De l’Imprimerie du Congres, 1778. 37,[9]pp. 19th-century half calf and green paper boards, corners tipped in vellum, spine richly gilt. Very clean internally. Near fine.

A rare and interesting poem, carrying a false Boston imprint, and supposedly penned by the Marquis de Lafayette while wintering with George Washington and the Continental Army in January 1778. The poem, a sort of farewell from La- fayette to his wife, contains allegorical references to the struggle of the colonies for liberty, while the notes mention this struggle specifically. Although the imprint is “Boston,” the piece was almost certainly printed in Paris, and the types and ornaments used seem distinctively French. Other evidence leading us to believe that it was not printed in America: George Washington’s name is badly misspelled on the titlepage; he was quartered at Valley Forge, not at Lancaster, in January 1778; and the title says it was printed in Boston, “by the press of the Continental Congress,” though the Congress was actually sitting at York, Pennsylvania (not far from Lancaster) at the time. “In a pamphlet published in Paris, 1790, by Jean-Baptiste Poupart de Beaubourg, entitled ‘Mes onze ducats d’Amsterdam,’ etc., etc., the author states that he is also the author of Lafayette’s touching adieux to his wife...” (letter from Louis Gottschalk to Lawrence C. Wroth, in the John Carter Brown Library’s bibliographical file, as quoted on OCLC).

The catalogue of the Roderick Terry sale in 1934 calls this “an excessively rare pamphlet.” We are able to locate only six copies, at the New-York Historical Society, Yale, Cornell, Lafayette College, the John Carter Brown Library (which has the Terry copy, as well as an issue with forty-three pages), and the Library of Congress (located there by Echeverria & Wilkie). Rare and quite interesting. JACKSON, LAFAYETTE BIBLIOGRAPHY, p.201. SABIN 96990. ECHEVERRIA & WILKIE, 778/65. TERRY SALE (PART 2) 176. OCLC 34161985, 36140004. $10,000.

A Monetary Letter from John Law Just Before the Bubble Burst

50. Law, John: [MANUSCRIPT LETTER, SIGNED, BY JOHN LAW, ORIGINATOR OF THE “MISSISSIPPI BUBBLE,” CONCERNING THE ALTERATIONS IN VALUE OF FRENCH COINAGE IN 1720]. Paris. March 6, 1720. [3]pp., on a bifolium, plus additional [2]pp. manuscript letter and 8pp. printed document. Light wear at edges. Slight ink bleed through, light tanning. Very good. In French.

A fascinating letter by John Law, the Scottish economist who believed that money was only a means of exchange that did not constitute wealth in itself, but that national wealth depended on trade, and originator of major economic ideas such as “The Scarcity Theory of Value” and the “Real Bills Doctrine.” His theories led to him being given oversight of monetary policy in France by the regent Philippe D’Orléans after 1716, and then being named the Controller General of Finances in 1720, during which time he oversaw the spectacular rise and collapse of the Compagnie d’Occident. The so-called Missis- sippi Company monopoly, along with the South Sea Bubble, became one of the mythical early bubbles. Early investors in the company became near-instant millionaires (indeed, the word ‘millionaire’ originated from Mississippi Company trad- ers), and by January 1720 prices were rising by 23% per month. The bubble popped in May 1720, leaving riots in its wake.

“A general bank was established in May 1716 at Law’s prompting. This was followed on 21 August 1717 by the Company of the West (Compagnie d’Occident) which had exclusive rights to exploit the French colony in Louisiana (hence the title Mississippi Company and, later, Mississippi System or, simply, the system for Law’s whole enterprise). On 4 December 1718 the General Bank (Banque Générale) was renamed a royal bank (banque royale). Gradually, from August to October 1719, the Banque Royale came to assume control of the entire revenue-raising system of the French crown, for both direct and indirect taxes....

“In the course of April and May 1720 he was effectively chief minister and minister of finance, a sort of latter-day Cardinal Mazarin and Nicolas Fouquet combined; but on 27 May, the first crisis of his ‘financial system’, he was temporarily dismissed from office and threatened with imprisonment in the Bastille in Paris. Yet the eclipse was only brief: he returned to office on 2 June with the additional responsibilities of the superintendence of French commerce, the director-generalship of the Banque Royale, and a councillorship of state with a seat in the council of regency. With the collapse of his system Law was forced to offer his resignation on 9 December 1720, and he went into exile abroad, first to the Austrian Netherlands on 17 or 18 December” - DNB.

In the present letter, Law writes to an unnamed recipient on March 6,1720, to explain the changes in valuation of French coinage at the height of the bubble that his policies created. In translation, the letter reads, in part:

“I am sending you copies of the decision of the council held the 5th of this month, of which I informed you in my letter yesterday, concerning the increase in orders in the price of gold and silver coins and metal, and the rebate of four sous per livre it grants to those who pay the duties subject to those four pence per pound in banknotes. And His Majesty is also willing to offer ten percent to those of his subjects who will pay in banknotes what they owe in per capita levy, poll tax, and other taxes that are not subject to the four pence per pound. But since this decision contains several additional important provisions concerning payments that can only be made or offered legally for sums of one hundred livres and above in banknotes, I feel I should add to my previous letter the comment that H[is] R[oyal] H[ighness] wants you to insure that all these provisions are strictly observed in a timely manner, as it is his intention that those who disobey them shall be dealt with harshly.”

Law’s letter is accompanied by an official printing of the Arrest du Conseil that he discusses therein, as well as a 1719 letter from a promoter of the Mississippi Company named Vaslin to a Madame Lambert in Orleans concerning the investment of funds, recommending her purchase of land in Mississippi, and lauding the profits of Law’s enterprise. An excellent document of Law’s disastrous tenure in charge of French economic policy. DNB (online). $14,500.

The Foundation Stone of Western Americana

51. Lewis, Meriwether, and William Clark: HISTORY OF THE EXPEDITION UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPTAINS LEWIS AND CLARK, TO THE SOURCES OF THE MISSOURI, THENCE ACROSS THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS AND DOWN THE RIVER COLUMBIA TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN. PERFORMED DURING THE YEARS 1804-5-6.... Philadelphia: Published by Bradford and Inskeep, 1814. Two volumes. xxviii,470; ix,522pp., plus six maps and charts including the large folding map. Late 19th-century black morocco and marbled boards, spines gilt. Bookplate on front pastedowns. Contemporary ownership inscription on each titlepage. Light toning and foxing throughout, but generally a very nice, tall set. Very good.

The most famous of all western travel narratives, and the cornerstone of any collection of Western Americana. Described by Wagner-Camp as “the definitive account of the most important exploration of the North American continent,” the book describes the expedition to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase, undertaken from 1804 to 1806 by ascending the Missouri River to its source, crossing the Rocky Mountains, and reaching the Pacific Ocean. In total, the expedition covered some eight thousand miles in slightly more than twenty-eight months. They brought back the first reliable in- formation about much of the area they traversed, made contact with the Indian inhabitants as a prelude to the expansion of the fur trade, and advanced by a quantum leap the geographical knowledge of the continent.

This official account of the expedition is as much a landmark in Americana as the trip itself. The narrative has been re- printed many times and remains a perennial American bestseller. The large folding map of the West, present herein, was not issued with all copies. The observations in the text make it an essential work of American natural history, ethnography, and science. It is the first great U.S. government expedition, the first book on the Rocky Mountain West, and a host of other smaller firsts. It is among the most famous American books. WAGNER-CAMP 13:1. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 272. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 30. HOWES L317. TWENEY 89, 44. GRAFF 2477. SABIN 40828. CHURCH 1309. FIELD 928. STREETER SALE 1777. STREETER, AMERICANA BEGINNINGS 52. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 31924. HILL 1017. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 37. $130,000.

Owned by a Lincoln Descendant: Slavery Must Proceed to “Ultimate Extinction”

52. [Lincoln, Abraham]: SPEECH OF HON. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, DELIVERED IN SPRINGFIELD, SATUR- DAY EVENING, JULY 17, 1858 [caption title]. [Springfield, Il. 1858]. 8pp. printed in double columns. Folded octavo sheet. Unobtrusive reinforcement along spine, small paper repair at bottom left corner. Later ownership inscription at head of first leaf recto. Light dust soiling along fore-edge, light dampstaining along lower margin. About very good. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase with chemise, spine gilt.

The only separate printing of this address given by Lincoln at Springfield, Illinois, with an outstanding provenance. Lin- coln’s speech, which preceded his debates with Douglas, puts forth the great themes that marked his political philosophy during the last ten years of his life. Urging that slavery be placed on course for “ultimate extinction,” he repeats his “House Divided” warning, first given at the State Republican Convention a month earlier. He insists that the Kansas-Nebraska bill was “the beginning of a conspiracy” to nationalize slavery.

Attacking Douglas, and defending himself against the charge that he would “invite a war of sections,” he stands on “the principles of our Declaration of Independence.” Though blacks are not the equal of whites “in all respects,” the Decla- ration “does mean to declare that all men are equal in some respects; they are equal in the right to ‘life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.’” Most significantly, “In the right to put into his mouth the bread that his own hands have earned, he is the equal of every other man, white or black.” This copy was owned and is inscribed by Robert Todd Lincoln Beck- with, the great-grandson and last direct descendent of Abraham Lincoln. His mother, Jessie Harman Beckwith, was the daughter of Robert Todd Lincoln. MONAGHAN 12. BYRD 2960. $8500. A Landmark Depiction of the West, with Superb Plates

53. Linforth, James, editor: ROUTE FROM LIVERPOOL TO GREAT SALT LAKE VALLEY...TOGETHER WITH A GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL DESCRIPTION OF UTAH...ALSO, AN AUTHENTIC HISTORY OF THE LATTER-DAY SAINTS’ EMIGRATION FROM EUROPE.... Liverpool. 1855. viii,120pp. plus folding map and thirty plates. Quarto. Contemporary three-quarter morocco and cloth, gilt. Light soiling to text, a few minor marginal stains, a few minor marginal tears. Very good.

One of the most important publications devoted to the Mormon emigration, and a landmark in the artistic depiction of western scenes. The plates are after illustrations by Frederick Piercy. “This elaborately prepared and illustrated book was published as a monument to the Mormon emigration to Utah, and as a means of attracting further emigrants. Piercy made a special trip to America [in 1853] to make sketches for the plates, which are some of the best western views of the period” - Streeter. The outstanding views show New Orleans, Natchez, Vicksburg, Nauvoo, Council Bluffs, Laramie, Fort Bridger, and Scott’s Bluff. “...One of the most elaborately and beautifully illustrated of western books” - Howes. “...One of the basic sources of illustrated Western Americana of the period” - Taft. “One of the most illuminating maps of the West to appear during 1855...it shows Utah in all its glory. This is not only an important map in the history of Mormons, but is in every sense an important map in the history of the West, giving as it does a carefully drawn picture of that entire area” - Wheat. HOWES L359, “b.” WAGNER-CAMP 259. GRAFF 2501. FLAKE 6381. SABIN 41325. STREETER SALE 2296. Taft, ARTISTS & ILLUSTRATORS OF THE OLD WEST, p.285. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI IV, pp.40-41. CRAWLEY & FLAKE, A MORMON FIFTY 46. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 135. $30,000.

Livingston’s Reply to Jefferson on the New Orleans Batture Seizure: The Streeter Copy

54. Livingston, Edward: AN ANSWER TO MR. JEFFERSON’S JUSTIFICATION OF HIS CONDUCT IN THE CASE OF THE NEW ORLEANS BATTURE. Philadelphia: William Fry, 1813. xi,187pp. plus two folding maps. Half title. 20th-century red three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Bookplate of Thomas W. Streeter on front pastedown. Light scattered foxing, primarily to first and last few leaves. Very good.

Livingston’s bitter reply to Jefferson’s justification for confiscating the former’s waterfront property in New Orleans. The New Orleans batture case was one of the bitter controversies of Jefferson’s presidency. Livingston, a prominent New Orleans attorney, claimed ownership of a strip of beach (the batture) at New Orleans which had long been used as a common boat landing. Jefferson asserted government ownership up to the high water mark and had a federal marshal forcibly dispossess Livingston. This resulted in a celebrated case of the use of federal power which continued to be bitterly argued, so much so that Jefferson felt constrained, four years after leaving the presidency, to compose his legal reasoning in a pamphlet, one of only three full-scale works published under his name in his lifetime. Livingston herein replies to the former president.

This copy is unusual in that it contains the two folding maps relating to the controversy, which are almost always lack- ing. The second of these shows in detail the eastern suburb of New Orleans, one of the first such maps of the area. The Streeter copy sold for $1300 when it appeared at auction in 1967. BOUND TO PLEASE 14, p.20. HOWES L396. STREETER SALE 1593 (this copy). SABIN 41610. COHEN 2827 (note). $7500.

One of the Greatest Collections on the East

55. Lopes de Castanheda, Fernão: HISTORIA DELL’INDIE ORIENTALI, SCOPERTE, & CONQUISTATE DA’ PORTOGHESI, DI COMMISSIONE DELL’INUITTISSIMO RE DON MANUELLO, DI GLORIOSA ME- MORIA. Venice: Giordano Ziletti, 1577. Two volumes. [17],518,[1]; [13],365 leaves. Contemporary vellum, manuscript title on spines. Front joint of first volume cracked, other joints worn. Early bookplate on front pastedowns. Internally remarkably clean. A beautiful copy.

Lopes de Castanheda is considered one of the definitive chroniclers of Portuguese activity in Asia. With the majority of the narrative focused on Persia, Arabia, China, and Molucca, this work is enhanced by the inclusion of details regarding the Portuguese exploration of Brazil. That Book One of the present work was first translated into French by Nicolas de Grouchy, Montaigne’s instructor at the Collège de Guyenne, shows that it had a least a partial impact on Montaigne’s understanding of the New World, shedding some light on some of the source material for his numerous ESSAYS.

Most of the HISTORIA... is devoted to the great Portuguese thrust into Asia in the early 16th century, chronicling their epic expansion to India, the East Indies, and China between 1497 and 1525. Castanheda himself spent some two decades in the Portuguese colonies in the East, and so was well equipped to write this account. It is one of the primary sources for the early Portuguese trading empire, a model that the British were beginning to emulate at the time of publication. Penrose says of the author: “...He wrote an impartial book of outspoken sincerity which was the fruit of years of residence in the East.” However, this work is equally important for its American content, being the first to describe in detail the voyage of Cabral and his discovery of Brazil in 1500, while on his way out to the East Indies. Cabral’s landing is the first recorded there, recounted in chapters 29-31 of the present work.

The present work was translated from the author’s HISTORIA DO DESCOBRIMENTO E CONQUISTA DA INDIA PELOS PORTUGUEZES, published between 1551 and 1561. It was translated by Alfonso Ulloa, translator of Fernando Columbus’ biography of his father, Christopher Columbus. A beautiful set. SABIN 11389. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 577/29. EUROPE INFORMED, pp.55-58. Lach, ASIA IN THE MAKING OF EUROPE I, Book 1, pp.187-88. SABIN 11387 (another ed). BORBA DE MORAES, pp.142-43. STREIT IV:972. JCB (3)I:265. $12,500.

A Primary Account of the Conquest of Mexico

56. Lopez de Gomara, Francisco: THE PLEASANT HISTORIE OF THE CONQUEST OF THE WEST IN- DIA, NOW CALLED NEW SPAINE. ATCHIEVED BY THE WOORTHIE PRINCE HERNANDO CORTES MARQUES OF THE VALLEY OF HUAXACAC, MOST DELECTABLE TO READE.... London: Thomas Creede, 1596. [12],405,[6]pp. Small quarto. 19th-century red morocco, boards and spine elaborately tooled in gilt, gilt leather label, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Bookplate on front pastedown and front free endpaper. Titlepage backed. Two small holes in leaf Nn3, not affecting text; small tear repaired in leaf Nn, not affecting text. Some light staining or creasing to text leaves. A very good, handsome copy.

The second English edition of one of the most important early chronicles of the Spanish conquest of the New World, and one of the two chief accounts of Cortés’ conquest of Mexico, the other being provided by Bernal Diaz. This is a reissue of the first English edition of 1578, and one of the handful of English works about the New World to appear in the 16th century.

Lopez de Gomara was Cortés’ secretary for a number of years and made use of his unparalleled opportunity to gather information from the primary source relating to the extraordinary exploits surrounding the overthrow of the Aztec empire. “Contains the first printed accounts of the Cortes expeditions to California, the expeditions of Francisco Ulloa, Marcos de Niza, Coronado, the subsidiary expeditions resulting from the last, and the voyage of Cabrillo” - Wagner. The work was first published in Zaragosa in 1552, and quickly went through a number of editions in Spain, Italy, and the Low Countries. The English translation was prepared by Thomas Nicholas, who abridged the original. This second edition is a virtual line-for-line reprint of the 1578 edition.

An important Elizabethan Americanum. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 596/52. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 2qq. SABIN 27752. PALAU 141186. STC 16808. $22,500.

The First American Laws in the West

57. [Louisiana Laws]: ACTS PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF THE TERRITORY OF ORLEANS, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE PRINCIPAL, IN THE CITY OF NEW-ORLEANS... ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND FOUR.... [with:] ACTS PASSED AT THE SECOND SESSION OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF THE TERRITORY OF ORLEANS, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE PRINCIPAL, IN THE CITY OF NEW-ORLEANS...ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND FIVE.... New Orleans: Printed by James M. Bradford, 1805. Two volumes. xxxiv,461; xii,95pp. Half calf and marbled boards in antique style, leather labels. Short tear in second volume titlepage; neatly mended small marginal tape repair to F4 in first volume. Light staining to some leaves, occasional tanning, minor contemporary ink marginalia. Else very good.

A rare and important set of the first American laws printed west of the Mississippi. They encompass the first two session laws for the Louisiana territory under American rule, with the text printed in English and French on facing pages. In March 1804 the Louisiana Purchase was divided into the Territories of Orleans (south of the present border of Arkansas and Missouri) and Louisiana (everything to the north and west, governed until 1807 by Indiana Territory). The influence of French and Spanish laws in North America is evident in these early territorial laws, as it took Congress more than two decades to determine their intent with regard to existing Spanish and French law. These imprints are the same as the second and third works bound with the COMPILATION of New Orleans laws in item 1587 in the Streeter sale. “At the first session of the Legislative Council 51 Acts and one joint resolution were approved, the latest on May 1, 1805; and at the second session 15 acts were approved, the latest dated July 3, 1805” - Streeter. Early Louisiana laws are especially rare. This is only the second time we have ever seen these imprints. JUMONVILLE 121, 122. McMURTRIE (NEW ORLEANS) 77, 78. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 9072, 9073. STREETER 1587 (ref). $7500.

The Best Work on the French and Indian War

58. Mante, Thomas: THE HISTORY OF THE LATE WAR IN NORTH-AMERICA, AND THE ISLANDS OF THE WEST-INDIES, INCLUDING THE CAMPAIGNS OF MDCCLXIII AND MDCCLXIV AGAINST HIS MAJESTY’S ENEMIES. London: Printed for W. Strahan and T. Cadell, 1772. [4],viii,542pp. plus errata and eighteen folding engraved maps. Large quarto. Contemporary half calf and marbled boards, edges sprinkled red, gilt label. A bit of cracking to spine leather, boards slightly rubbed. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Light tanning, otherwise internally clean. A fine copy.

The best contemporary account of the French and Indian War, justly celebrated for its cartography and textual content, and one of the great rarities of colonial Americana, complete with all maps and the elusive errata leaf.

Virtually all of Mante’s account relates to the war in North America, with detailed narratives of Braddock’s campaign and the other frontier and Canadian campaigns of the conflict. The work is particularly desirable for its contemporary descriptions of Pontiac’s War, a campaign in which the author participated as major of brigade to Col. Dudley Bradstreet. In addition, the introduction includes an interesting account of young George Washington’s escape in 1753 from assas- sination by an Indian who acted as his interpreter and guide. Mante evidently took great care to gather information that was both historically and cartographically accurate for the present work.

The maps are praised by all bibliographers as being by far the best relating to the war, and include several seminal maps which are the most accurate produced to that time. They comprise:

1) “Fort Beau Sejour, & the adjacent Country Taken Possession of by Colonel Monckton” 2) “Lake Ontario to the Mouth of the River St. Lawrence.” 3) [Map of Lake George and vicinity] 4) “A Plan of Fort Edward & Its Environs on Hudsons River” 5) “Communication Between Albany & Oswego” 6) “Attack on Louisbourg” [by Amherst & Boscawen] 7) “The Attack of Ticonderoga” [by Major General Abercromby] 8) “Plan of Fort Pitt or Pittsbourg” 9) “Guadaloupe” 10) “Attack on Quebec” [by Wolfe & Saunders] 11) “A Sketch of the Cherokee Country” 12) “The River Saint Lawrence from Lake Ontario to the Island of Montreal” 13) “A Plan of the Attack upon Fort Levi” 14) “River St. Lawrence from Montreal to the Island of St. Barnaby...& the Islands of Jeremy” 15) “A View of the Coast of Martinico Taken by Desire of Rear Adml Rodney” 16) “Part, of the West Coast, of the Island of Saint Lucia” 17) “Plan of the Retaking Newfoundland” [by Colville & Amherst] 18) “Attack of the Havanna” [by Albemarle & Pococke]

Sabin writes of this great rarity: “Copies with all the maps are scarce. It is probable that but few were printed, though the large and beautiful plans and military maps (which gave it so great a value), must have made its production a work of much expense.” The Streeter copy was bought by Sessler in 1967 for $900. CHURCH 1092. HOWES M267, “c.” STREETER SALE 1031. FIELD 1003. SABIN 44396. BEINECKE, LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 283. $80,000.

A Major French Pacific Voyage

59. Marchand, Étienne, and Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu: VOYAGE AUTOUR DU MONDE, PENDANT LES ANNÉES 1790, 1791, ET 1792, PAR ÉTIENNE MARCHAND, PRÉCÉDÉ D’UNE INTRODUCTION HISTORIQUE; AUQEL ON A JOINT DES RECHERCHES SUR LES TERRES AUSTRALES DE DRAKE, ET UN EXAMEN CRITIQUE DU VOYAGE DE ROGGEWEEN. Paris. 1798-1800. Four volumes. xii,cxliv,628,[3]pp. plus folding table; [iii]-xvi,676,[2]; xi,[1],431,[3]; [2],viii,158,[2]pp., plus sixteen maps (some folding) and plates. Quarto. Original paste paper boards, printed paper spine labels. Boards somewhat scuffed, labels worn, wear to edges and spine. Hinges expertly repaired. Small modern bookplates on front pastedowns. Initial leaves of volume one lightly dampstained at lower corner. Light marginal tanning and scattered foxing to plates. A very good set in original condition. Untrimmed and partially unopened.

An account of the second French circumnavigation and the first French commercial voyage to the Pacific Northwest. Étienne Marchand, commander of the voyage, had learned of the lucrative potential for the fur trade in that region from British captain Portlock. He sailed via Cape Horn, stopped at the Marquesas, and traded along the Northwest Coast in the summer of 1791. He provides detailed descriptions of Norfolk Sound and Sitka, followed by a particularly detailed account of the Queen Charlotte Islands, and further explorations as far as the southern end of Vancouver Island. “A very important and authoritative work for the history of the Northwest Coast” - Lada-Mocarski.

From North America Marchand sailed to Hawaii and then to Macao, where he failed to sell his valuable cargo of furs. He then returned to France, where the Revolutionary government confiscated his cargo. The voyage was a loss for its inves- tors. He died in 1793, and Count Fleurieu, himself an experienced Pacific explorer, took over the editing and publication of the material from the voyage, as well as adding an authoritative history of Pacific exploration and discoveries along the American coast. Considerable text is also devoted to natural history exploration en route. The detailed maps are of Alaska and the Northwest Coast, the Marquesas, and Hawaii. An important work, seldom found in the preferred large paper format and in original boards.

The Streeter copy sold to Warren Howell for $900 in 1969. HILL 612. STREETER SALE 3496. LADA-MOCARSKI 54. HOWES F195, “b.” EBERSTADT NORTHWEST COAST 111. WICKERSHAM 6622. WAGNER NORTHWEST COAST I:212. SABIN 24751. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 20 (note). $16,000.

With the Important Map and View

60. [Martyn, Benjamin]: REASONS FOR ESTABLISHING THE COLONY OF GEORGIA, WITH REGARD TO THE TRADE OF GREAT BRITAIN, THE INCREASE OF OUR PEOPLE, AND THE EMPLOYMENT AND SUPPORT IT WILL AFFORD TO GREAT NUMBERS OF OUR OWN POOR, AS WELL AS FOREIGN PER- SECUTED PROTESTANTS. WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF THE COUNTRY, AND THE DESIGN OF THE TRUSTEES. London: Printed for W. Meadows, 1733. 48pp. plus engraved map and engraved frontispiece and tailpiece after J. Pine. Quarto. Contemporary marbled wrappers, stitched as issued. Wrappers worn, spine perishing. Some dust soiling at edges, an occasional fox mark. Very good, in original condition. In a cloth slipcase and chemise.

An important and rare Georgia tract from the time of the colony’s founding, complete with a map of the region. Martyn was a strong advocate and defender of the colony, and herein gathers a number of interesting documents in addition to his own arguments, including a letter from Oglethorpe to the Trustees from Savannah, their reply to him, a list of the Trustees, etc.

The map is the second state of that which first appeared in the 1732 edition of SOME ACCOUNT OF THE DESIGNS OF THE TRUSTEES FOR ESTABLISHING THE COLONY OF GEORGIA IN AMERICA, altered by removal of some of the notations and relocation of a few incidentals (see De Renne I, p.18 for details). The interesting frontispiece is an imaginary view of the laying out of Savannah.

This is the first edition, second issue of Martyn’s tract, and includes additions not found in the first edition, first issue. “A well-written tract; plausible in its arguments, glowing in its descriptions, valuable for its information, and pertinent in its appeals to the philanthropic and benevolent” - Sabin. The Streeter copy was bought by Nebenzahl for $225 in 1967. DE RENNE I, p.44-45. SABIN 45002. HOWES M356, “aa.” LC, GEORGIA 104. STREETER SALE 1144. CUMMING 211. $12,000.

An Important Manuscript by the Former Attorney General of Canada

61. [Maseres, Francis]: REFLÈXIONS D’UN REFUGIÉ EN ENGLATERRE [manuscript caption title]. [London. ca. 1790-1800]. [102]pp. plus engraved portrait. Folio. Later green cloth, gilt leather label. Upper right quadrant of en- graved portrait lightly dampstained. Edges slightly chipped and dust soiled, with several small closed tears. Light tanning and occasional foxing throughout. Primarily in two hands, with copious annotations and corrections. Very good.

A unique manuscript of an unpublished work by Francis Maseres addressing the religious conduct and persecution of French Protestants, written in a scribal hand with Maseres’ copious annotations and corrections. Maseres served as at- torney general of Quebec from 1766 to 1769. He was active in the affairs of the province and wrote several pamphlets on the legal and political administration of Quebec. Maseres was particularly vocal in his opposition to the Quebec Act of 1774, and he became a spokesman in England for the English-speaking merchants in Quebec who supported the repeal of the Quebec Act. The controversial Act officially recognized the Roman Catholic religion and allowed the collection of tithes by the Church, substituted French for British civil law (although British criminal law was continued), left the seigneurial system unchanged, and revoked the promise of an elected assembly contained in the Royal Proclamation of 1763, instituting government by an appointed council.

“Maseres arrived in Quebec in September [1766] to join the administration, headed by the newly appointed Guy Carleton, of a lightly governed province that had been ceded to Britain only in 1763; one of the judges was a ship’s surgeon. The population consisted of a small community of British merchants, ‘the violent gentlemen of the army’ (Maseres Letters, 18), and the French Catholic majority. Maseres wrote on 19 November 1767 that he believed ‘the right way of settling this province would be to take away their religion (that is, discourage it without persecution, and powerfully encourage the Protestant religion)’; at the same time the French should be left with ‘their...innocent, useful and compendious laws,’ which were so much to be preferred to ‘the voluminous, intricate, unknown laws of England’ (ibid., 578). The trouble was, as Maseres perceived, that while the treaty of 1763 had promised toleration of Catholicism ‘as far as the laws of Great Britain permit,’ ‘the laws of England do not at all permit the exercise of the Catholic religion.’ He commented, ‘Tis difficult [for a Catholic people] to be well-affected to a set of governours whom they look upon as enemies of God, deserving of, and destined to, eternal damnation’ (ibid., 54). His preferred solution was to produce a code of the French and English laws applicable to Quebec” - DNB.

The present manuscript reflects Maseres’ descendence from French Huguenots, his deeply held Protestant faith, and an historical understanding of the 17th-century persecutions of Protestants in France. Written in French, the work offers advice on the virtues needed for Huguenots living in foreign lands, particularly those ruled by the English, which must at least in part refer to the British annexation of French Canada after the end of the French and Indian War, where Maseres had sizeable experience, but more directly to the upheavals and displacements caused by the French Revolution. Throughout, Maseres exclusively refers to French Protestants as “refugiés,” a term that originated with the flight of the Huguenots to England and other countries after the Edict of Nantes in 1685 (and in fact was the original use of the term “refugee”).

The work is divided into chapters which discuss the historical context of French Protestantism in England, different aspects of virtuous behavior and conduct for refugees, and offers advice for specific groups of believers. The first two chapters contrast the state of England and its stance toward Protestantism upon the first arrival of the Huguenots at the end of the 17th century and during the time of Maseres’ writing in the final years of the 18th century. Understandably, Maseres looks more favorably upon the current period under Anglican rule than the Catholic reign of James II. The following several sections discuss the thanks owed for the Huguenot deliverance, and the holiness and devotion that are required as a part of that thankfulness, as well as the virtues required of refugees, namely patience, modesty, and charity, and a discussion of good uses of the freedom that they now enjoy. A further three chapters attempt to dissuade French Protestants from returning to France, while also counselling them on their behavior should they choose to do so, and advising them to be tolerant of English customs and manners no matter how strange they might seem. The final four sections offer advice to three specific categories of people, politicians, military officers, and soldiers, and advise tolerance of all sinner, before Maseres closes with an lengthy prayer for refugees everywhere.

A superb working manuscript of a hitherto unpublished and unknown tract by Maseres with his extensive annotations, and an interesting addition to his already prodigious body of work. $12,500.

An Exotic Account of Sea Battles of the American Revolution

62. [Mauritius Imprints]: RELATION DÉTAILLÉE DE LA CAMPAGNE DE M. LE COMMANDEUR DE SUF- FREN, DANS L’INDE, DU 1er. JUIN 1782. AU 29 SEPTEMBRE SUIVANT. Port-Louis [Mauritius: Nicholas Lambert or François Nicolas Bolle], 1783. [1],33pp. 12mo. Modern morocco, spine gilt, a.e.g. A fine copy.

First edition of this very rare and early Mauritius imprint, published fifteen years after the first press was established there in 1768, recording French Admiral André Suffren’s actions against Sir Edward Hughes’ British Squadron in the East Indies during the American Revolution. These attacks, famed for their ferocity, provided Suffren with a unique standing among French admirals, and placed him in the front rank of sea commanders of the era.

This pamphlet, possibly written by Jacques Jerome Antoine Trublet de Villejegu, documents two of Suffren’s four engage- ments with the British Navy in the Bay of Bengal. Although fought on the other side of the globe, these battles may be considered the final formal engagements of the Revolution which influenced Britain’s decision to end the war with the colonies. Suffren had previously been attached to the comte D’Estaing’s squadron throughout its operations in North America and the West Indies. These New World activities are also briefly mentioned in the text.

An extremely rare 18th-century Mauritius imprint. The NUC records one copy at NYPL, while OCLC lists only the 1970 London reprint. TOUSSAINT, BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 98. TOUSSAINT, EARLY PRINTING IN THE MASCARENE ISLANDS, p.97. NMM 1441. GEPHART 14523 (1970 ed). $12,500.

One of the Rarest Arctic Plate Books

63. May, Walter William: ...A SERIES OF FOURTEEN SKETCHES MADE DURING THE VOYAGE UP WEL- LINGTON CHANNEL IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN, K.C.H., AND THE MISSING CREWS OF H.M. DISCOVERY-SHIPS EREBUS AND TERROR; TOGETHER WITH A SHORT ACCOUNT OF EACH DRAW- ING. London: Published...by Day and Son, 1855. 6,[2]pp. plus fourteen lithographic plates on thirteen sheets (both tinted and colored). Folio. Publisher’s original blue cloth, front cover gilt, neatly rebacked, with original spine laid down. Edges and corners worn, some soiling to boards. All leaves and plates mounted on later stubs, minor scattered foxing. Very good.

A most handsome series of lithographic plates, depicting scenes in the high Arctic made during one of the primary expedi- tions in search of Sir John Franklin and the missing crews of H.M.Ss. Erebus and Terror. Walter May served as lieutenant aboard the Assistance, under the command of Edward Belcher, on an expedition which explored the Canadian Arctic from 1852 to 1854. Some thirty-nine different expeditions searched for Franklin’s lost party in the 1850s, and the feats and findings of the parties constitute one of the most glorious chapters in the history of exploration. This is one of the chief illustrated accounts of the Franklin searches, based on drawings made by May during the expedition.

Included are plates of the squadron at Disco Island; the loss of one of the ships in pack ice; the vessels of the voyage frozen in the ice while wintering over; three scenes in the stormy Wellington Channel; many scenes of the sledge parties sent out beyond the ships, with crews pulling heavy skids of supplies under the most adverse conditions; and finally a plate depicting a collection of relics from the Franklin expedition brought back to England by Dr. Rae. A full list of the fourteen plates, printed on thirteen sheets, follows:

1) “The Arctic Squadron in Leevely Harbour.” 2) “Loss of the McLellan.” 3) “H M S Assistance and Pioneer in Winter Quarters.” 4) “H M S Assistance, in tow of Pioneer.” 5) “H M S Assistance and Pioneer fast to the floe.” 6) “Perilous Position of H M S Assistance and Pioneer.” 7) “H M S Assistance and Pioneer breaking out of Winter Quarters.” 8 & 9) “Division of sledges.” Two plates on one sheet. 10) “Division of sledges passing Cape Lady Franklin.” 11) “Sledges in a fresh fair wind.” 12) “Encamping for the night.” 13) “Sledge party returning through water.” 14) “Franklin Relics brought by Dr. Rae.” SABIN 47083 (dated 1865). ABBEY 646. TPL 3454. $15,000.

Superb George McClellan Letter on His Mexican-American War Service

64. McClellan, George B.: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM GEORGE McCLELLAN TO CAPT. GEORGE WASHINGTON CULLUM, ABOUT HIS MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR SERVICE WITH THE EN- GINEER CORPS]. West Point, N.Y. Nov. 14, 1848. [7]pp. Three quarto sheets (one bifolium, and two loose sheets). Two horizontal mailing folds, light foxing to last two sheets, a few very short fold separations. Very good.

An unpublished report by George Brinton McClellan on his Mexican-American War service, written while a first lieuten- ant in the Corps of Engineers to his commanding officer, Capt. George Washington Cullum, additionally docketed with McClellan’s signature on the verso of the last leaf.

McClellan (later commander of the United States Army during the Civil War) was a young graduate from West Point when he received his first taste of combat as a lieutenant with Company A of the Corps of Engineers in the Mexican-American War. At the war’s close he returned to West Point, where his regiment helped with the instruction of young engineers. This letter was drafted at the request of his West Point commanding officer, George Washington Cullum, who wanted a full report on the company’s activities in Mexico. For most of the war the company was commanded by Capt. Gustavus Woodson Smith, who later fought against McClellan as a Confederate major general. McClellan’s report reflects the dangerous and unglamorous nature of military engineering work from their arrival under Zachary Taylor’s command to the conclusion of the war. In the campaign for Tampico, the company “performed a great deal of hard & useful labour in repairing the road, making bridges &c, for which the men...have never received one word of credit in any official paper.” Of the siege of Vera Cruz, McClellan recalls “cutting the road for the investing corps, the handsome manner in which they supported the reconnoitering officers & their constant & untiring exertions in doing the work of at least 10 times their number in the trenches.” Again he laments the lack of recognition and hopes the Chief Engineer will “do it the justice denied by others.” From there they rushed to the Battle of Cerro Gordo, with “wretched & insufficient” transportation which forced them to “literally push the wagons up every hill we came to.” He then describes the march on to Puebla and , followed by the journey back to West Point. An engaging account of the war by a major historical figure. $7500.

A Wealth of New World Views, Including New Amsterdam

65. Montanus, Arnoldus: DE NIEUWE EN ONBEKENDE WEERELD: OF BESCHRYVING VAN AMERICA EN ‘TZUID-LAND.... Amsterdam: Jacob Meurs, 1671. [8],585,[27]pp. plus seven portraits, thirty-two double-page plates, large folding hemispheric map, and fifteen double-page maps. Seventy engraved in-text illustrations. Engraved title. Thick folio. Original vellum, blindstamped cover, raised bands, manuscript title on spine. Internally clean and near fine. Minor repairs to hemispheric map. An excellent copy of this foundation work of Americana. The map is attributed to Jacob Meurs.

Correctly called “a classic book on America” by Borba de Moraes, Montanus’ narrative contains a wealth of interesting maps and illustrations on both North and South America. The work was later translated into English, with various altera- tions, by John Ogilby, but this Dutch edition is the true first.

The North American section of Montanus contains notable versions of the Blaeu map of New England and New Neth- erland, as well as versions of the John Smith Virginia and Carolina maps. Among the engravings in the text is one of the first engraved views of New York (the very first, the Van der Donck view, appeared twenty years earlier). There is also a detailed map of Bermuda. There are numerous engraved views of cities and scenes in Mexico and the Caribbean. Much of the second half of the volume is devoted to Brazil, where the Dutch were deeply involved for decades in the 17th century, illustrated with numerous maps and views. The large double-sheet views are excellent and much copied in later publications; but, as Church comments: “The finely executed engravings of this work are especially brilliant in this, the original edition.”

Howes states that the portrait of the Prince of Nassau, present herein, only appears in the first issue. The large map, credited here to “Gerardum a Schaden,” as stated in Borba de Moraes, is also sometimes credited to “Jacobum Meursium,” the publisher of the book.

One of the most interesting iconographic and cartographic sources of early Americana. CHURCH 613. HOWES M733, “b.” ASHER, NEW NETHERLAND 14. SABIN 50086. SERVIES 200. MILES & RE- ESE, AMERICA PICTURED TO THE LIFE 29. $28,500.

Montulé’s Travels in America, with the Very Rare Atlas

66. Montulé, Edouard de: VOYAGE EN AMÉRIQUE, EN ITALIE, EN SICILE ET EN EGYPTE, PENDANT LES ANNÉES 1816, 1817, 1818, ET 1819. [with:] RECUEIL DES CARTES ET DES VUES DU VOYAGE EN AMÉRIQUE EN ITALIE EN SICILE ET EN EGYPTE FAIT PENDANT LES ANNÉES 1816, 1817, 1818 ET 1819. Paris: Chez Delaunay...et Chez Belon, 1821. Two octavo text volumes plus oblong quarto atlas. Text: 466,[1]; viii,448,[1]pp. Atlas: Fifty-nine lithographic plates including lithographic titlepage, folding map of the United States, and folding map of Egypt. Half title in each text volume. Contemporary half calf and paper-covered boards, gilt leather labels. French bookseller’s ticket on rear pastedown of first volume. Minor foxing and toning to text, occasional marginal foxing to plates in atlas. Very good. From the library of Eugene de Froberville, with his library stamp on each titlepage.

The very rare atlas and the text of Montulé’s VOYAGE EN AMERIQUE... which describes his travels in North America and the Caribbean, and also in Italy, and Egypt in the late 1810s. The atlas contains many American views, and though it was intended to accompany the author’s text, it was also issued separately and is not often found with the text volumes. The wonderful lithographic plates depict scenes from Montulé’s travels in North America, and were made from the author’s own drawings. This atlas is not mentioned by Monaghan, Sabin gives the wrong number of plates, and Clark describes it as one of Montulé’s “other” works, adding that it is “now quite rare.” The attractive plates depict New York harbor, the mastodon skeleton at the Philadelphia museum, “Encounter with a Rattle Snake” near the Ohio River, the port of St. Domingo, Niagara Falls, and a view of St. Thomas. Other plates include a view of the Philadelphia hospital, Quaker costumes, “Costume des Negresses de St. Thomas,” a country estate in Kingston (Jamaica), a church in New Orleans, “Sauvages du Mississippi,” and several other views, mostly of Italian and North African scenery. The folding map shows the United States, including the Missouri and Northwest territories, as well as parts of the Caribbean.

“The account is significant because it relates Montulé’s experiences during his journey up the Mississippi on board the Vesuvius, which is said to have been the third steamboat to ply the waters of the Mississippi. The boat and its navigation are described in detail. Another distinguishing feature of the narrative is the information it contains about Frenchmen in the United States, especially Napoleonic refugees....He seemed to enjoy himself, and his remarks are generally good natured” - Clark.

A rare, significant, and early visual tour of the United States. HOWES M750, “b.” SABIN 50230. CLARK II:47. LANE, IMPRESSIONS OF NIAGARA 55, 56. MONAGHAN 1085 (text only). BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 698. LANDE S1620. RAGATZ, p.230. $19,500.

Perhaps the Most Famous Early View of San Francisco

67. Muybridge, Eadweard: PANORAMA OF SAN FRANCISCO, FROM CALIFORNIA ST. HILL. [San Francisco]: Morse’s Gallery, 1877. Albumen photographic panorama mounted on eleven panels, the entire panorama measuring a total of 7½ x 87¼ inches. Caption title, photographic credit, and publisher’s imprint printed on center panel. Backed by cloth and folding into original gilt cloth binding. Cloth boards with some old dampstaining on lower edge. Old staining on panels below photographic prints. The images themselves are quite clean and sharp. Very good condition. In a cloth chemise and half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

One of the landmarks of 19th-century American photography, and an iconic image of San Francisco. This remarkable panorama dramatically shows the growth of San Francisco nearly thirty years after the onset of the Gold Rush. In the 1870s, San Francisco audiences were hungry for panoramic displays, and the rest of the country was intrigued by San Francisco, the largest city in the West. Muybridge satisfied all appetites by providing a 360° view of the city, creating what Rebecca Solnit calls “an impossible sight, a vision of the city in all directions, a transformation of a circular space into a linear photograph.” David Harris calls Muybridge’s San Francisco panorama “one of the supreme conceptual and technical achievements in the history of architectural photography.”

Eadweard Muybridge took the photographs that make up this panorama from a vantage point on the central tower of the unfinished Nob Hill residence of railroad baron Mark Hopkins, then the highest point in the developed portion of the city. The work was done in June or July, 1877 and took some five hours to complete, based on the shifting shadows seen in the image. Muybridge began in the late morning with a view toward the southwest (the tenth plate in the panorama) and proceeded in a clockwise direction, moving his camera away from the sun from one image to the next. Muybridge’s view is from some 380 feet above sea level, and the view reaches some fifty miles into the distance and encompasses a width of fifteen miles. Despite the great scope of the work, precise details of the city are visible throughout, and one can clearly see hanging laundry, ships in the harbor, shop signs, and a clock on a tower in the fifth panel reading quarter to two (other copies of the panorama show the clock reading nearly five-thirty). San Francisco spreads throughout the panorama, and the dynamism of the city is clearly evident, as many unfinished buildings and roads under construction are also seen. Muybridge’s panorama was advertised as being for sale in July 1877, offered for eight dollars rolled or ten dol- lars accordion-folded and bound, as in the present copy. Buyers could purchase the panorama directly from Muybridge, or through Morse’s Gallery.

Eadweard Muybridge (1830-1904) was one of the great photographic innovators of the 19th century. Born in England, he came to San Francisco in 1855 and built his reputation on photographs of San Francisco, Yosemite, and other western locales. The year after he produced his San Francisco panorama, Muybridge, at the behest of another railroad magnate, Leland Stanford, produced a sequence of photographs of a galloping horse that proved that all four of the animals hooves were off the ground at the same time. Muybridge’s work in sequential photography, in which he photographed animals and humans in motion, laid the groundwork for motion pictures.

A remarkable view of San Francisco, and a high point in the photographic representation of the West. David Harris, EADWEARD MUYBRIDGE AND THE PHOTOGRAPHIC PANORAMA OF SAN FRANCISCO, 1850- 1880, catalogue item 31; pp.37-53. Rebecca Solnit, RIVER OF SHADOWS: EADWEARD MUYBRIDGE AND THE TECHNOLOGICAL WILD WEST. Paul A. Falconer, “Muybridge’s Window to the Past: A Wet-Plate View of San Francisco” in CALIFORNIA HISTORY (Summer 1978), pp.130-57. HOWES M926. $48,000.

An Extraordinary Rarity, with Extra Illustrations: The Macclesfield Copy

68. Neck, Jacob Cornelissoon van: THE IOURNALL, OR DAYLY REGISTER, CONTAYNING A TRUE MANI- FESTATION, AND HISTORICALL DECLARATION OF THE VOYAGE, ACCOMPLISHED BY EIGHT SHIPPES OF AMSTERDAM, UNDER THE CONDUCT OF IACOB CORNELISZEN NECK ADMIRALL, & WYBRANDT VAN WARWICK VICE-ADMIRALL, WHICH SAYLED FROM AMSTERDAM THE FIRST DAY OF MARCH, 1598. SHEWING THE COURSE THEY KEPT, AND WHAT OTHER NOTABLE MATTERS HAP- PENED UNTO THEM IN THE SAYD VOYAGE. London: [Simon Stafford and Felix Kingston] for Cuthbert Burby & John Flasket, 1601. [1],58,[4] leaves. Woodcut vignette of sailing ship on titlepage. Extra-illustrated with 19 engravings (numbered 1-3, 19, 4-18) from Van Neck’s HISTORIALE BESCHRIJVINGHE (Amsterdam, 1619). Text and plates “inlaid to size,” remargined to 9¼ x 6¾ inches. Quarto. 19th-century mottled calf, gilt, spine gilt, gilt leather label. Boards and spine slightly worn. Titlepage and plates mounted to larger sheets; printed pages of text inlaid in larger sheets. Engraved plates annotated in ink with corresponding “page” (leaf, recto or verso) of text. Lacking the dedication leaf (paraph 2) and leaf Q4 (blank), pages shaved (with occasional slight loss of text in lower margin), rust hole in leaf P3 (affecting a few letters on recto), tear in leaf Q3 (repaired, not affecting text). Overall, a very good copy, with the 1860 engraved bookplate of the Library of the Earls of Macclesfield on front pastedown, shelf marks inscribed on verso of front free endpaper. Embossed stamp of the Earls of Macclesfield in upper extended margins of titlepage leaf and following two leaves of text.

The first English edition of Van Neck’s account of his 1598 voyage to the East Indies, translated from the 1601 Amsterdam edition of the author’s HET TWEEDE BOECKE. The Dutch navigator, who represented the Verre Company, com- manded three ships which were part of the first successful Dutch trading voyage to the region. The other two ships were commanded by Wybrand Van Warwijck and Jacob Van Heemskerk. Van Neck’s vessel became separated from the other two after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, and the three did not reunite again until his arrival in Java in late December 1598. Unlike his Dutch predecessor, Cornelis Houtman, who three years earlier had seized the port of Bantam, Van Neck dealt diplomatically with the natives. “Rather than rejecting the inflated prices asked by the local ruler, he offered to pay over the odds in order to cement a lasting relationship...Van Neck’s was the most profitable of the pre-VOC [Dutch East India Company] voyages. Despite the apparently high price paid for spices, he netted a profit of 300 per cent on his overall costs. In 1601, fourteen fleets comprising sixty-five ships sailed for the East Indies, but by that time competition between rival Dutch operators, as well as with the Portuguese, had inflated prices and none were as successful as Van Neck’s first enterprise” - Howgego. While focused on activity in the East Indies, EUROPEAN AMERICANA notes that the text includes references to Brazil and tobacco from the West Indies.

Van Neck’s account was popular throughout the first half of the 17th century and was reprinted and translated into German and French as well as English. It also appeared in collections of voyages such as those by De Bry, Hulsius, and Colijn. This extra-illustrated copy includes nineteen engraved plates from the Amsterdam 1619 edition of Van Neck’s HISTORIALE BESCHRIJVINGHE published by Michiel Colijn. The images are mounted on separate sheets and bound in the book at the appropriate portion of the text. The engravings are annotated in ink, indicating the appropriate page (i.e. recto or verso of a specific leaf) related to the image.

A rare book on the market. Prior to this copy from the Macclesfield sale in March 2007, the last copy previously avail- able was sold at the Boise Penrose sale in 1971. Both EUROPEAN AMERICANA and STC record only two copies in the U.S., at the Huntington and NYPL, the latter noted as imperfect. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 601/66. STC 18417 (noting quires A-G printed by Stafford, paraph 2 and quires H-Q printed by Kingston). TIELE-MULLER, p.144. HOWGEGO N13. $75,000. The First Great Chronicle of the New World, with Some of the Earliest Images of New World Natives and Plants, Signed by the Author

69. Oviedo y Valdes, Gonzalo Fernandez de: LA HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS INDIAS. Seville: Juan Cromberger, 1535. 197 leaves as follows: title-leaf, folios +1-3, folios 1-193; plus in-text woodcuts. Titlepage printed in red and black. Folio. Modern mottled calf, gilt, spine ornately gilt, leather label. Marginal loss along top edge throughout, very neatly repaired, occasionally shaving headlines. A very good copy.

This famous work is the most extensive book on the New World written up to the time of publication, and is one of the chief sources to this day for many of the facts relating to the early history of the Spanish conquest of the New World. The colophon leaf is signed by Oviedo, as is found in some copies. Oviedo was a witness to that history from the begin- ning, having seen, as a young page at the Spanish court, the return of Columbus in 1493. In 1505 he went out to the Indies himself as an official, and subsequently served in a number of important administrative posts. Over the next three decades he kept extensive notes on the history of the Spanish in the New World and all he observed there, especially natural history and the Indians he encountered. He also interviewed all of the Spanish explorers to whom he had access. In 1526 he published a short work on the natural history of the Indies, followed nine years later by the present work. His industry provides an extraordinary description of the period, one that his high offices and education gave him a unique ability to record.

Oviedo’s work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, which are the earliest extant reliable pictures of things in the New World. These include a number of botanical subjects such as prickly pear, as well as artifacts including the hammock, and natives, the most famous of which depicts Indians panning for gold. Oviedo was the first writer to gather detailed and accurate information on the natural history of the New World. Over half of LA HISTORIA GENERAL... is devoted to natural history, especially focusing on plants and trees. Books 8 and 9 are entirely devoted to trees and plants, while books 10 and 11 cover plants with medicinal qualities. The illustrations which accompany these chapters are the earliest illustrations of American plants drawn from nature. Book 7 is entirely devoted to agriculture in the New World, describ- ing cultivated fruits and plants raised for food by the Indians. Books 12, 13, 14, and 15 describe water animals (including his famous manatee description), birds, insects, and mammals.

The first edition of Oviedo’s book publishes the first nineteen parts of his history. The twentieth part appeared in Ramusio’s VIAGGI... in 1551, and the remaining thirty were not published until 1851. This first edition is one of the outstanding early books on the New World, a foundation work regarding the period of the initial Spanish conquest. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 535/12. HARRISSE BAV 207. CHURCH 71. ARENTS, TOBACCO 4. MEDINA, BHA 4. NISSEN ZOOLOGY 3032. JCB (3)I:118. REESE & MILES, CREATING AMERICA 10. SERVIES, p.1. $250,000.

Thomas Paine as Clerk of the Pennsylvania Assembly

70. Paine, Thomas: [MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENT, SIGNED BY THOMAS PAINE AS CLERK OF THE PENN- SYLVANIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY, TRANSMITTING A RESOLUTION REGARDING THE BOUNDARY BE- TWEEN PENNSYLVANIA AND VIRGINIA]. [Philadelphia. Nov. 19, 1779]. [1]p. on a bifolium sheet, the following two pages blank, the document addressed and docketed on the fourth page. Old fold lines. Near fine.

An official communication, signed by Thomas Paine, transmitting a resolution of the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Paine was involved in Pennsylvania politics for several years after his arrival in America in 1774. He was associated with the men who drafted the state’s new constitution in 1776, and he wrote a series of letters in local newspapers supporting the constitution. In 1777, Paine was elected to the Committee of Correspondence of the Whig Society in Pennsylvania. He was appointed clerk of the Pennsylvania Assembly in November 1779, shortly after resigning his position as secretary of foreign affairs for the Continental Congress. He needed other employment in order to supplement his income as a writer. In this document Paine, as clerk of the Pennsylvania Assembly, transmits a resolution to the state’s Supreme Executive Council in care of Gov. Joseph Reed. The resolution (not present here) addressed the question of the state’s boundary with Virginia and the extension of the Mason-Dixon line. $25,000.

An Important Photographic Record of Peary’s Arctic Expedition

71. [Peary Arctic Expedition]: [Norton, George Frederick]: [ALBUM OF PHOTOGRAPHS DOCUMENTING PEARY’S FINAL EXPEDITION TO THE ARCTIC]. [Northern Greenland]. 1908-1909. 238 silver print photographs (comprising 71 panoramic images measuring 3 1/4 x 11 1/2 inches, 147 measuring 3 3/4 x 4 7/8 inches and 20 measuring 3 x 3 7/8 inches). Mounted recto and verso on grey card mounts within the album. Oblong small folio. Contemporary leather, missing part of one post, leather worn. Some images captioned in ink on the mount. A few cards detached, some fading to the images. Else very good. Provenance: G. Frederick Norton.

In 1908, G. Frederick Norton accompanied Robert Peary on the start of his final Arctic expedition. An acclaimed adven- turer and hunter, Norton was additionally an amateur photographer, and here documents Peary’s journey north, as well as camp life, landscape, and natives of Greenland.

George Frederick Norton (1876-1917), born in Kentucky, attended the Lawrenceville School and served as a partner at the brokerage Ex Norton & Co. However, his life’s passion was travel, adventure and big game. Norton made numerous trips to the west and Alaska on private hunting expeditions, and collected and donated specimens (with a particular emphasis on bear skulls) to the American Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian, and other institutions. In 1901, he journeyed around the world, and in 1908 he helped finance the final Peary expedition to the North Pole, accompanying him aboard the ship Erik as far north as Etah, Greenland.

The images include panoramic landscapes taken from aboard the ship, showing icebergs and the coast of Greenland. The smaller format images include portraits and candid shots of Peary, Matthew Henson, Captain Bartlett, Professor Marvin and other crew members at work and repose aboard the ships Erik and Roosevelt, as well as numerous images of native Inuit aboard ship and on land. Furthermore, images include landscapes and camp life at the whaling station at Hawk’s Harbor, Holseteinborg, the Cape York settlement, Etah and elsewhere en route. Among the Peary-related photos, are a series of images showing his preparations to leave the ship at Etah.

An extraordinary album of vernacular photographs in the Arctic on a noted expedition. $35,000.

The Original Boundary Map Between Pennsylvania and Maryland

72. [Pennsylvania and Maryland]: Senex, John: [ENGRAVED MAP OF THE PROPOSED BOUNDARIES BE- TWEEN MARYLAND AND PENNSYLVANIA]. [London: John Senex, ca. 1734]. Copperplate map, 15 x 10 inches. Sheet size: 19¼ x 11¾ inches. Old fold lines, minor edge wear. Slight paper loss to bottom right corner, well outside the plate mark. Expertly backed on archival tissue. Very good. In a half morocco box.

A rare copperplate engraved map relating to the boundary dispute between Pennsylvania and Maryland. This dispute between the Lords Baltimore as proprietors of the colony of Maryland and the Penns in the same role in Pennsylvania led to decades of lawsuits, culminating in the famous Mason-Dixon survey.

The story of the Penn-Baltimore Agreement has been told in great detail by Nicholas Wainwright in his article, “Tale of a Runaway Cape: The Penn-Baltimore Agreement of 1732.” From the time of William Penn’s original grant of Pennsyl- vania in 1682, he was at loggerheads with the Lords Baltimore over the boundary lines between the colonies. Sporadic efforts to resolve the problem finally became serious negotiations in 1731. Both sides put forward maps of their own as guides, and indeed, as Wainwright says, “The map was really the key to the Agreement.” Baltimore insisted on the use of his map, and the Penns, who were under great financial pressure and eager for an agreement, acceded, as they did to a number of Baltimore’s demands. Baltimore’s map was in due course taken to the shop of John Senex, in Fleet Street, where it was engraved. One proof strike of it, with a scale of miles, survives in the Penn Papers at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The scale was later erased and the map printed on each of the six final copies of the agreement. With the cartography agreed to, the rest of the bargain was quickly struck. On May 10, 1732, Baltimore and each of the Penn brothers signed the document and placed their seals on its bottom edge.

When the agreement was reported in America in 1733, the machinery was set in motion to survey the boundaries. But the deal was unpopular in Maryland, and Lord Baltimore soon discovered another problem: his map was inaccurate, and the mislocation of Cape Henelopen on the Delaware coast gave the Penns more land than he had thought. With his colony unhappy and feeling he had given up more than intended, Lord Baltimore sought to abrogate the agreement. As a result, in 1734 he sued in Chancery Court in London, charging fraud. The Penns naturally replied that the agreement was based on Baltimore’s map, not theirs. Finally in 1750 the Penns won the case, with costs, and the surveying could proceed; however, it was not until 1763 that both sides agreed to hire Mason and Dixon and share the costs of the survey.

This is a second state of the original 1732 Senex plate (engraved by him and intended to accompany the six manuscript copies of the May 10, 1732 ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT) and originally accompanied the 1734 publication of TRUE COPIES OF I. THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN LORD BALTIMORE AND MESSIEURS PENN..., one of the key documents in the ensuing lawsuits. The maps that came with the 1734 work have a double-ruled border, as does the present copy. The work was published, according to Streeter, “perhaps as a memorandum for use in petitions made to George II that year by Lord Baltimore and Richard Penn.” The map was sometimes laid in, accounting for the current independence of this map without any visible signs of having been bound in, and explaining how copies of TRUE COPIES... are found without the map as often as with it.

A landmark piece of American cartography. STREETER 951. SABIN 60743. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 734/16a. Nicholas B. Wainwright, “Tale of a Runaway Cape: The Penn-Baltimore Agreement of 1732” in PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY, Vol. 87, pp.251-93 (July 1963). Pritchard and Taliaferro, DEGREES OF LATITUDE, 23. $27,500.

The Spanish Marco Polo

73. Polo, Marco: HISTORIA DE LAS GRANDEZAS Y COSAS MARAUILLOSAS DE LAS PROUINCIAS ORI- ENTALES. SACADO DE MARCO PAULO VENETO, Y TRADUZIDA DE LATIN EN ROMANCE, Y ANADIDA EN MUCHAS PARTES POR DON MARTIN DE BOLEA Y CASTRO...DIRIGIDA A DON BELTRAN DE LA CUEBA, DUQUE DE ALBURQUERQUE.... Caragoca: Por Angelo Tauano, 1601. [180] leaves. 12mo. Original limp vellum, contemporary ink title on spine. Contemporary ink signature on titlepage, mild tanning. An internally clean and bright copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A rare early 17th-century Spanish edition of Marco Polo’s description of his journey across Asia in the late 13th century, one of the most significant and resonant travel accounts in the history of human endeavor, and a key text in the percep- tion in Europe of the East during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. This edition, printed in Zaragoza in 1601, is the first edition of the Spanish translation by humanist Martin Abarca de Bolea y Castro of Marco Polo’s travel narrative, which replaced the antiquated Spanish version first printed by Cromberger in Seville, 1503. Bolea y Castro, the son of the vice-chancellor of Spain under Charles V and Phillip II, was a scion of one of Aragon’s leading families. A lover of literature and humanist ideology, with a predilection for numismatics, Bolea y Castro spent some time serving in Spain’s military, although the exact length of his service is not known. Interestingly, this rare translation is his only prose work.

Born into a prominent Venetian trading family, Marco Polo (1254-1324) departed with his father and uncle toward the East in 1271, travelling through Syria, Jerusalem, Turkey, Persia, and India, to China and the court of Kublai Khan. Marco Polo became a favorite of the Khan and travelled throughout China over the next fifteen years as an emissary of the Mongol emperor. Polo returned to Venice in 1295, only to be briefly imprisoned in Genoa as a prisoner of war a few years later. During this imprisonment, in 1298, he dictated his adventures to Rusticiano (also called Rustichello) of Pisa, and the text became known as IL MILIONE. (The exact meaning of this term in Polo’s time is still unclear, although it may refer to the popular belief regarding the traveller’s great riches.) The original work was written in Franco-Italic, and was quickly translated into Latin and other languages by court clerks. Over one hundred extant manuscript versions, translations, and adaptations are recorded. First printed in a German language edition in Nuremberg in 1477, a Latin translation followed circa 1485 (Christopher Columbus possessed a copy of this Latin edition). The immense popularity of Polo’s account is reflected in the numerous editions which followed printed in German, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish, French, English, and Dutch.

Polo’s account includes vivid descriptions of cities, waterways, architectural monuments, industries, natural resources, plants, and animals as well as reports on customs and traditions. In addition to Cathay and Mangi (the Mongol name for South China), Polo also writes of the native societies he visited in Tibet and southwestern China. Donald F. Lach, in his magisterial study, ASIA IN THE MAKING OF EUROPE, writes that “other Europeans lived and worked in China during the thirteenth century, but Marco Polo was the only one, so far as is known, to travel and work there and to write an account of his experiences. For the first time in history Europe possessed a detailed narrative about China and its neighbors based upon more than hearsay and speculation...Marco Polo provided Europe with the most comprehensive and authoritative account of the East produced before 1550.”

A fascinating 17th-century Spanish edition of Marco Polo’s travels, one of the most celebrated travel accounts of all time. OCLC records a single copy in Germany at the Bayerische Staatsbilbliothek. PALAU 151209. OCLC 81177641. Lach, ASIA IN THE MAKING OF EUROPE I, pp.34-38. HOWGEGO P124-P126 (Polo). PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 39 (Venice 1496 ed. of Polo). $60,000.

The Most Important Map of North America in the Colonial Period

74. Popple, Henry: A MAP OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN AMERICA WITH THE FRENCH AND SPANISH SETTLEMENTS ADJACENT THERETO. London: “Engrav’d by Willm. Henry Toms,” “1733” [but ca. 1735]. Engraved map by William Henry Toms, with very fine full contemporary hand-coloring (with twenty-two integral inset views and plans) on 15 double-page and 5 single-page sheets, with full contemporary hand-coloring, mounted on guards throughout. Without the table of contents leaf as usual, but with the double-page key map by Toms. Folio. Expertly bound to style in half 18th-century russia and original 18th-century marbled boards, spine gilt, red morocco label. Very good. In a modern blue morocco-backed cloth box, titled in gilt on the spine.

A monument to 18th-century American cartography: a highly attractive fully colored copy of the first large-scale map of North America, and the first printed map to show the thirteen colonies. Popple maps with full contemporary color are exceedingly rare.

Popple produced this map under the auspices of the Lord Commissioners of Trade and Plantations to help settle disputes arising from the rival expansion of English, Spanish, and French colonies. “France claimed not only Canada, but also ter- ritories drained by the Mississippi and its tributaries - in practical terms, an area of half a continent” - Goss. The present copy of Popple’s map, with its full contemporary hand-coloring, would have been particularly useful in these disputes. Mark Babinski in his masterly monograph on this map notes: “The typical coloring of fully colored copies...is described best by a contemporary manuscript legend on the end-paper affixing the Key map to the binding in the King George III copy at the British Library: ‘Green - Indian Countrys. Red - English. Yellow - Spanish. Blue - French. Purple - Dutch.’” The careful demarcation of the disputed areas by color would have made the determination as to whether a particular location was in one or another “zone” a great deal easier. Thus the coloring adds a whole new dimension to a map that is usually only seen in its uncolored state, and perhaps suggests that the copies with full hand-coloring were originally produced for some as-yet-unrediscovered official use to do with the international land disputes of the time.

On May 22, 1746, Benjamin Franklin ordered two copies of this map, “one bound the other in sheets,” for the Pennsylvania Assembly. It was the only map of sufficient size and grandeur available, and the map is on a grand scale: if actually as- sembled it would result in a rectangle over eight feet square. Its coverage extends from the Grand Banks off Newfoundland to about ten degrees west of Lake Superior, and from the Great Lakes to the north coast of South America. Several of the sections are illustrated with handsome pictorial insets, including views of New York City, Niagara Falls, Mexico City, and Quebec, and inset maps of Boston, Charles-Town, Providence, Bermuda, and a number of others.

“Little is known of Henry Popple except that he came from a family whose members had served the Board of Trade and Plantations for three generations, a connection that must have been a factor in his undertaking the map, his only known cartographic work” - McCorkle.

Babinski has made a detailed study of the issues and states of the Popple map. This copy is in Babinski’s state 6: the imprint on sheet 20 reads, “London Engrav’d by Willm. Henry Toms 1733” (i.e. without R.W. Searle’s name), sheet one includes the engraved figure “l” in the upper left corner just above the intersection of the two neat lines, and engraved sheet numbers have been added to the upper right corners of each sheet. Mark Babinski, HENRY POPPLE’S 1733 MAP (New Jersey, 1998). BROWN, EARLY MAPS OF THE OHIO VALLEY 14. CUMMING, THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS 216, 217. DEGREES OF LATITUDE 24, state 4 (but with engraved number on sheet 1). FOWBLE, TWO CENTURIES OF PRINTS IN AMERICA 1680-1880 (1987), 6, 7. GOSS, THE MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA (1990) 55 (key map only). GRAFF 3322. HOWES P481, “b.” LOWERY 337, 338. McCORKLE, AMERICA EMERGENT 21. PHILLIPS, MAPS, p.569. SABIN 64140. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, p.151. STREETER SALE 676. STEPHENSON & McKEE, VIRGINIA IN MAPS, map II-18A-B. $165,000.

Primary Cartographic Work of the Revolutionary Era

75. Pownall, Thomas: A TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF SUCH PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA AS ARE CONTAINED IN THE (ANNEXED) MAP OF THE MIDDLE BRITISH COLONIES, &c. IN NORTH AMERICA. London: J. Almon, 1776. [6],46,[16]pp. plus engraved folding map. Folio. Expertly bound to style in 18th- century half russia and contemporary marbled boards, spine gilt, red morocco label. Very good.

One of the most important cartographical works issued at the time of the American Revolution, here complete with the rare map partially-printed from the same plate as the famed 1755 Lewis Evans’ map printed by Benjamin Franklin.

In 1753, Thomas Pownall came to America as the private secretary to Sir Danvers Osborn, the newly appointed colonial governor of New York. Shortly after arriving, however, Osborn died, leaving Pownall without a post. Curious about the colonies, however, Pownall remained in America, travelling widely in the region. Evidently of great enthusiasm and intelligence, Pownall met many of the most influential men in America at that time, including Benjamin Franklin. From this relationship, he was able to attend the 1754 Albany Conference and became involved in Indian affairs in the colony. Through that work and his relationship with Franklin, Pownall met surveyor Lewis Evans and in 1755, Evans published his famed MAP OF THE MIDDLE BRITISH COLONIES, printed by Franklin and dedicated to Pownall. The map, the most accurate of the region at the time, was enormously influential, with multiple piracies being issued in London, and famously used by General Braddock during the French and Indian War.

“A great change came over the fortunes of Evans’ map in 1776. In that year Thomas Pownall, who had spent much time in America as Governor of Massachusetts Bay and South Carolina, and Lieut. Governor of New Jersey, published a folio volume entitled, A TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF SUCH PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA....Pownall, after his return from America continued to take the greatest interest in the welfare of the Colonies ...The increasing public interest taken in the affairs of the Colonies at the outbreak of the Revolution, doubtless prompted the publication of the TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION. That work may be described as a new and much enlarged edition of both Evans’ Map and his ‘Analysis’ [the text accompanying the Evans’ map] of 1755. As to the map, Pownall appears to have been in possession of the original Evans plate engraved by Jas. Turner in Philadelphia, and he uses it as the basis of his improved map...” - Stevens.

Indeed, much of the cartography of the western parts of Evans’s original map remained unchanged in the 1776 Pownall edition, save for the significant addition of the routes of Christopher Gist and Harry Gordon. This addition is augmented by the publication in the appendix of Gist’s journal of his 1750-51 journey through a portion of present day Ohio, Kentucky and on through North Carolina - the first publication of that important inland exploration.

The most significant addition to Evans original map is east of Philadelphia, where Pownall has extended the plate to encompass all of New England, with the coast as far north as Nova Scotia. The cartography of this portion is derived from a number of sources, but includes Pownall’s own explorations into the interior of Vermont and Maine, as well as the surveys conducted on behalf of Massachusetts Colonial Governor Sir Francis Bernard.

Pownall’s TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION and its important map gives the best picture of the interior of North America as it was understood in the year of American independence. HOWES P543, “b.” STREETER SALE 826. BUCK 28a. BELL P470. SABIN 64835. VAIL 651. REESE, REVOLUTION- ARY HUNDRED 40. $32,500. An Important History of the American Revolution, and the First Book to Receive Copyright in the United States

76. Ramsay, David: THE HISTORY OF THE REVOLUTION OF SOUTH-CAROLINA, FROM A BRITISH PROVINCE TO AN INDEPENDENT STATE. Trenton: Isaac Collins, 1785. Two volumes. xx, 453,[1]; xx,574pp., plus five engraved folding maps. Half titles. Expertly bound to style in period tree sheep, spine gilt, red and black morocco labels. Expert repairs to the folding maps, else very good.

Although Ramsay applied for copyright to this work in 1785 (and his History of the American Revolution in 1789), it was not granted until 1790. Nevertheless, the two hold the joint distinction of being the first books to receive copyright in America.

Ramsay, born in Pennsylvania and educated at Princeton, settled as a physician in Charleston. He served in the Continental Congress and as a military surgeon during the war, and was later President of the South Carolina Senate. His history is an accurate portrayal of the events in the southern theatre. Responding to a portion of the printing sheets of this work sent to him by Ramsay, Thomas Jefferson wrote to the author on Aug. 31, 1785: “I am much pleased to see that a com- mencement of those special histories of the late revolution which must be written first before a good general one can be expected. I shall be more pleased to see the remaining parts as well executed as this which sets the example.”

The maps, among the earliest American cartographic depictions, include: “A Sketch of Charleston Harbour”; “Plan of the Siege of Charleston”; “A Sketch of the Situations & Stations of the British Vessels, under the command of Sir Peter Parker on the attack upon Fort Moultrie”; and “Plan of the Siege of Savannah; Plan of the Investment of York[town] & Gloucester.”

Beyond its value as a cartographically-illustrated work of history, it has been argued by Lester Cohen and others that the few 18th-century American histories of the Revolution, most notably those authored by Ramsay, were part of a larger nation-building movement. Thus, this history of the revolution in the southern theatre is distinctly American: in its writ- ing, illustrations, printing, binding and socio-political impact upon the young Republic’s cultural identity. HOWES R36. SABIN 67691. EVANS 19211. FELCONE 223. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 80. $17,500.

The Classic of Greenland Imprints, with Extraordinary Woodcuts by a Greenlander

77. Rink, Hinrich, editor: KALADLIT OKALLUKTUALLIAIT...[LEGENDS FROM GREENLAND...]. Noungme [Godthaab, Greenland: Printed at the Inspectorate Press by L. Møller], 1859-1863. Four volumes. [8],136,[2]pp. plus eight lithographed plates of music and twelve woodcuts; [8],111pp. plus eighteen woodcuts (twelve handcolored or printed color) and two folding maps; [3-6],136,[1]pp. plus twelve (of fourteen) lithographs at the end; [6],123pp. plus three woodcut plates and eight additional woodcuts in the text. First volume with colored titlepage vignette. Modern three-quarter polished calf and marbled boards, ornate gilt spines, a.e.g. Internally bright and clean. Gilt ownership stamp on front pastedown of each volume. Near fine, and an attractive set.

This series of volumes of collected folk tales of Greenland, printed on the first real press to operate there and illustrated with remarkable woodcuts prepared by a native Greenland artist, must rank among the rarest and most extraordinary exotic imprints.

Although ephemeral pieces had been printed on a small hand press in Greenland as early as 1793, the first real press was brought there in 1857 by the enthusiastic Danish Crown Inspector for Southern Greenland, Hinrich Rink. Rink began his career as an administrator based at the Moravian mission at Godthaab, on the southwest coast of Greenland. He used the press to produce both official notices and literary works. Rink was determined to collect legends and folk tales of Greenland natives and publish them, an ambition achieved in these four volumes, published over a five-year span. All of the letterpress was printed in a small, unheated workshop next to Rink’s house, mostly executed by Lars Møller.

Rink collected oral tales from throughout Greenland, although mainly in the southern area he administered. The remark- able oral tradition of the Eskimo, polluted by few outside influences, stretched back to the early Middle Ages. Many of the stories, especially in the first volume, describe the clashes between the Norse and the Eskimo. Rink recognized that some of the tales existed in the realm of pure myth, but that others represented recollections, passed from one generation to the next, of events of many centuries earlier. In the preface to the third volume Rink sets out his theories on the tales, laying the foundation for scholarship on the Greenland Eskimo. All of the text is given in both Greenlandic and Danish.

The most amazing aspect of these books are the illustrations. In the first two volumes these were supplied by an Eskimo named Aron of Kangeq, a sealer and walrus hunter who lived at the Moravian mission at the small trading station of Kangeq. Aron was stricken with tuberculosis (which was epidemic in Greenland in that era) and confined to bed. Having heard of his raw artistic talent, Rink supplied him with “paper, coloured pencils, and the necessary tools for woodcutting.” Thirty of these, about half of them handcolored, appear in the first two volumes. Aron illustrated the myths. As Oldendow says: “With his fertile imagination Aron drew men in violent motion...he depicts the legendary world of the Greenlanders with insight and ability...He makes us understand the vastness, loneliness, and weirdness of the majestic Greenland landscape and evokes the soul of the country as the ancient Eskimos have known it....” Indeed, Aron created pictures of remarkable power, all the more extraordinary for the circumstances of their production. In the third volume Lars Møller, the printer, supplied a series of illustrations of Greenland life created on the first lithographic press in Greenland.

This set is notable for containing two folding maps not regularly issued with the set, but published to be distributed separately. Both were prepared by S. Kleinschmidt and are lithographic maps showing the fjords around Gothaab, with accompanying letterpress text. These maps are extremely rare in their own right.

Needless to say, Rink’s volumes were produced in small editions, and the attrition of the Greenland climate could not have aided their survival. Today they are of the greatest rarity. An imprint and ethnographic document of stellar importance. Knud Oldendow, THE SPREAD OF PRINTING...GREENLAND (Amsterdam, 1969), see especially pp.39-44. SABIN 36978 (Vols. 1-3). LAURIDSEN, BIBLIOGRAPHIA GROENLANDICA, p. 210. MILES & REESE, AMERICA PIC- TURED TO THE LIFE 32. $32,000.

The Earliest Saint Domingue Imprint We Have Handled

78. [Saint Domingue]: MÉMOIRE POUR MESSIRE JEAN-FRANÇOIS DE CANTINEAU...APPELANS, QUANT AU CHEF QUI LEUR FAIT PRÉJUDICE, DE LA SENTENCE DE PARTAGE RENDUE PAR LE JUGE DU FORT-DAUPHIN LE 22 SEPTEMBRE 1738, &c...[caption title]. [Cap Français]: De l’Imprimerie Royale de St. Domingue, [1767]. 47pp. Stitched as issued. Contemporary inscription on first page. Internally bright and clean. Near fine.

An extremely rare and interesting legal brief concerning a notable family of Saint Domingue, and a very early piece of printing from the island. This is a lawyer’s brief concerning the trial about the inheritance of the Dureau family in Saint Domingue. The process concerned the division of the estate of the late Laurent Dureau, who died in 1745, between his children from two mothers. The endless quarrels about the inheritance began in 1719 when Laurent Dureau married Marie Louise Michel; the lawsuit began in 1754 and temporarily concluded with this document, an interlocutory judge- ment, in 1767.

Laurent Dureau’s father, Sebastian, was appointed governor of Saint Domingue by King Louis XIV of France. His son, Laurent, was born in 1694, married three times, and had six children. His most notable offspring was by his third wife, Elisabeth: Jean-Baptiste-Joseph-René Dureau de la Malle (1742-1807), who was known for his translations of Latin lit- erature, and who became member of the Corps Législatif and the French Academy.

The origins of printing in Saint Domingue, now Haiti, are obscure. The best contemporary source, Isaiah Thomas in his HISTORY OF PRINTING IN AMERICA, says that a press was established at Port-au-Prince as early as 1750, but this is uncertain; the earliest imprint we can locate is one from 1767 at the Library Company of Philadelphia. At the same time Thomas says the press at Cap Français was established “as early as 1765, and probably several years preceding.” However, the Library Company has a 1752 imprint. It seems likely to us that Thomas reversed the places, since Cap Français was the largest and wealthiest town in colonial Saint Domingue, and that printing began there around 1750 and in Port-au- Prince about 1765. The present work is the earliest imprint from Saint Domingue which we have handled. We could trace only one copy in institutional holdings, at the New York Public Library. $14,500.

The First Cowboy Autobiography, a Key Range Book

79. Siringo, Charles: A TEXAS COWBOY; OR, FIFTEEN YEARS ON THE HURRICANE DECK OF A SPAN- ISH PONY, TAKEN FROM REAL LIFE BY CHAS. A. SIRINGO, AN OLD STOVE-UP “COW PUNCHER” WHO HAS SPENT NEARLY TWENTY YEARS ON THE GREAT WESTERN CATTLE RANGES. Chicago: M. Umbdenstock, 1885. 316pp. plus two plates, chromolithographic frontispiece and added titlepage. Original cloth stamped in black and gilt. Corners worn; spine lightly faded, ends lightly worn. Later ink ownership inscription on front fly leaf, pencil inscription on verso of frontispiece. Loss to nine lines of text on p.91, affecting about twenty words. Otherwise clean and fresh internally. A handsome copy of this rarity. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase with chemise.

The first autobiography of a cowboy, and unquestionably one of the most important range books. “The first edition is virtually unprocurable” - SIX-SCORE. Siringo’s book remains one of the most readable and enjoyable of books about the cattle industry, and went through many editions. This copy has the added chromolithographic titlepage, as well as the color frontispiece and two plates. The plates are wood engravings depicting the author and Billy the Kid. The true first edition remains one of the most difficult books to acquire in Western Americana. REESE, SIX SCORE 99. ADAMS HERD 2077. ADAMS SIX-GUNS 2032. DOBIE, p.119. DYKES, KID 17. GRAFF 3804. HOWES S518. REESE, BEST OF THE WEST 200. $25,000.

Rare Early Map of the Dakotas

80. Smith, B.M., and J.A. Hill: MAP OF THE CEDED PART OF DAKOTA TERRITORY. SHOWING ALSO PORTIONS OF MINNESOTA, IOWA & NEBRASKA. St. Paul: Lith. by Louis Buechner, 1863. Folding map, 17½ x 23 inches. Folded into original 16mo. cloth boards, stamped in blind, gilt title on front board. An exceptional copy in fine condition.

The rare second edition of one of the earliest detailed maps of Dakota Territory. It is here present in its uncolored state. “The prospectus on the inside of the front cover in this edition is the same as the one in the first edition except for the addition of ‘Second Edition - 1863.’ This edition gives several new counties along the eastern boundary of the Territory, both in the inset and on the main map, and there are various new counties in the southern part of the Territory. The inset in this issue shows the creation of Idaho Territory to the west of Dakota” - Streeter. Not in Wheat’s MAPPING THE TRANSMISSISSIPPI WEST. Streeter had copies of both the 1861 and 1863 editions; each went for $100 in part four of his sale in 1968. STREETER SALE 2034. GRAFF 3835. PHILLIPS MAPS, p.257. $10,000.

An Iconic Image

81. Stieglitz, Alfred: THE STEERAGE. [N.p. N.d., but taken in 1907, printed in 1911]. Photogravure, 7¼ x 6 inches. Fine. Matted and framed.

THE STEERAGE is one of the most acclaimed photographs ever taken, and its influence on the development of the me- dium cannot be understated. The image represents a turning point in the evolution of photography, and also a landmark moment in the career of celebrated photographer Alfred Stieglitz - many have hailed it as the artist’s first truly “modern- ist” picture. After an illustrious career, Stieglitz recognized THE STEERAGE’s importance in his oeuvre: “If all my photographs were lost, and I’d be represented by just one, THE STEERAGE, I’d be satisfied.”

Alfred Stieglitz was an extremely influential figure in the history of photography. From the beginning of his career in the late 19th century, Stieglitz was dedicated to elevating the medium of photography to the status of a fine art. He believed photographs to be aesthetic works, not simply documentary records, and that the photographer was more akin to a crafts- person than to a machine operator. To this end, he founded the Photo-Secession exhibition society, and its associated periodical, CAMERA WORK, to promote photography as an artistic medium. THE STEERAGE in particular is evidence of Stieglitz’s tireless advocacy for his medium. He reproduced it not only in CAMERA WORK but also in popular maga- zines such as VANITY FAIR and the SATURDAY EVENING POST. Stieglitz himself oversaw the printing of this image when it was reproduced for CAMERA WORK, creating a special link between this particular print and the artist himself.

Stieglitz captured this image during a 1907 sea voyage from New York to Bremen, Germany. It depicts the steerage-class passengers - most likely immigrants who were denied entry into the United States and who were making the solemn journey back to Europe - aboard the ocean liner Kaiser Wilhelm II. Although the image has historically been viewed as a monu- ment to the immigrant experience, Stieglitz was actually more interested in the formal elements of the composition than any social message. Reflecting on his experience making the image, Stieglitz said, “As I came to the end of the [deck of the ship] I stood alone, looking down. The whole scene fascinated me....I saw a picture of shapes and underlying that the feeling I had about life....Here would be a picture based on related shapes and on the deepest human feeling, a step in my own evolution, a spontaneous discovery.” Abandoning his previous Pictorialist style that favored a single, central subject, and a clear narrative, THE STEERAGE focuses instead on shape and line and thus represents a critical moment in the development of his art. Describing the scene, Stieglitz recalled, “A round straw hat, the funnel leading out, the stairway leaning right, the white drawbridge with its railings made of circular chains - white suspenders crossing on the back of a man in the steerage below, round shapes of iron machinery, a mast cutting into the sky, making a triangular shape. I stood spellbound for a while, looking and looking.” $15,000.

A Whaling Rarity

82. Stockell, William: EVENTFUL NARRATIVE OF CAPT. WILLIAM STOCKELL, COMPRISING AN AU- THENTIC AND FAITHFUL DETAIL OF HIS TRAVELS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. OF HIS VARIOUS AND SIGNAL ENGAGEMENTS...AND OF HIS ADVENTURES AND ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE WHALE FISHERY. Cincinnati: S. Ward & Co., 1840. 326,[2]pp. plus twelve plates. Frontis. Contemporary patterned cloth, gilt morocco label. Spine chipped, front hinge cracked, corners lightly worn. Gift inscription from the author on front paste- down. Moderate foxing throughout. Good plus. In a blue half morocco and cloth clamshell box.

Stockell’s narrative carries him across the globe, from Jamaica to Scotland, Malta, Quebec, Matanzas, Havana, New York, Montreal, Bombay, Brazil, Botany Bay, Madagascar, Calcutta, Malacca, China, Mozambique, and the West Indies. His ad- ventures contain numerous accounts of the pursuit and capture of pirates, including a French privateer. Of particular note is his tale of a competition between two vessels for a whale. Whaling was of great interest to Stockell, and he provides a missive on the art of harpooning with details on the proper positioning of the attacking ship. The many plates depict vari- ous dramatic scenes, including his “rescue” by a crew of dead men. All told, a wonderful narrative of life on the high seas. HOWES S1016. SABIN 91877. OCLC 5985500. $6000.

With Mounted Photographs Chronicling the Opening of Yellowstone National Park

83. Strong, William E., Gen.: A TRIP TO THE YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK IN JULY, AUGUST, AND SEPTEMBER, 1875. Washington. 1876. 143pp. plus two folding maps, seven plates, and seven mounted photographic portraits. Quarto. Original three-quarter morocco and cloth boards, ruled and lettered in gilt. Front hinge starting, leather chipped in places, corners and spine extremities worn. Contemporary presentation inscription on front free endpaper. Some wrinkling to photo mounts, images fine. Light tanning, scattered light foxing. About very good.

A presentation copy, inscribed by Strong on the front flyleaf: “Hon. Jesse Spalding / Compliments of / Wm. E. Strong / Chicago / Nov. 16 1876.” Spalding (1828-1904) was an important figure in the Chicago lumber business during the second half of the 19th century. Politically well-connected, he was eventually appointed as a director of Union Pacific Railroad by President Benjamin Harrison in 1882.

An interesting journal of a fifty-three day hunting and fishing trip to Yellowstone via rail, stage, horseback, and the Mis- souri River, undertaken by Strong in the company of Secretary of War William Belknap, Gen. Randolph Marcy, and Gen. James Forsyth, in the summer of 1875. The narrative of the trip to Yellowstone includes descriptions of Salt Lake City and the Mormons, Virginia City, and Fort Ellis, and the balance of the narrative is devoted to Yellowstone, with rapt descriptions of the beauty of the area. While hunting and fishing they killed three buffalo, five deer, shot scores of birds, and caught some 3,000 trout in the Yellowstone River. The portraits depict Strong, Marcy, Belknap, Forsyth, Col. George Gillespie, Lieut. Gustavus Doane, and Gen. W.B. Sweitzer, and the plates include sketches of Fort Ellis, hot springs and Castle Geyser, and Yellowstone Lake.

Strong was a Chicago businessman who was breveted a brigadier general during the Civil War, and who travelled exten- sively in the West. The Yellowstone National Park Archives has Strong’s own copy of this book, in which he recorded the names of sixty-two friends to whom he presented copies, leading Dean Larsen to surmise that not more than a hundred copies were printed. The Streeter copy brought $250 in 1969, and then reappeared in 2001 at Sotheby’s where it sold for $14,400; that copy is the last one we have seen at auction. A scarce account, accorded a “b” rating by Howes, and not listed in Flake. HOWES S1083, “b.” TRAVELING THROUGH WONDERLAND, p.49. STREETER SALE 4101. GRAFF 4014. PHIL- LIPS, SPORTING BOOKS, p.364. $19,500.

The 1803 Roulstone Laws of Tennessee

84. [Tennessee Laws]: LAWS OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. [bound with:] ACTS PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE FIFTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE.... Knoxville: Printed and published by George Roulstone, 1803. viii,320,[16]; 143,xi pp. Contemporary reverse calf. Spine slightly chipped, boards rubbed, corners lightly worn. Remnants of shelf label and manuscript date on spine. Later ownership inscription on front pastedown and annotation on titlepage. Initial leaves dampstained. Browning and scattered foxing. Final leaf of second work detached and in facsimile (contains only a dozen lines of index). Very good in original condition, untrimmed. In a half morocco box.

The first collected laws of the state of Tennessee, and a work of considerable rarity. Allen notes that this was not an official publication of the state, but issued by Roulstone, Tennessee’s first printer, as a speculative venture. Because all previous issues of the Tennessee press were either pamphlets, broadsides, or legislative journals, this has been called the first book printed in Tennessee. Allen asserts, however, that Roulstone may have previously bound together some early Legislative Acts printed in Knoxville before 1800. “Possibly it is the first bound book printed in the state. The fact that it was issued bound (increasing the possibility of survival) and the knowledge that Roulstone printed the book as a personal venture should render this book somewhat more likely to be found. Nonetheless, it is virtually never offered for sale today” - Allen. This copy bears the ownership inscription of Edward T. Sanford, a prominent Knoxville lawyer, who served as Assistant Attorney General from 1905 to 1907 and as a Supreme Court Justice from 1923 to 1930. It is also bound with a copy of the acts passed in the first session of the state legislature in the same year, very scarce in and of itself.

A primary work of much importance and rarity, with an interesting Tennessee provenance. ALLEN RARITIES 13. ALLEN TENNESSEE IMPRINTS 79, 72. AII (TENNESSEE) 22, 46. McMURTRIE (TEN- NESSEE) 38, 42. $12,000.

A Seminal Work of Texana and an Early Houston Imprint

85. [Texas - Provisional Government]: JOURNALS OF THE CONSULTATION HELD AT SAN FELIPE DE AUSTN [sic], OCTOBER 16, 1835. PUBLISHED BY THE ORDER OF CONGRESS. Houston: [Telegraph Power Press], 1838. 54pp. 12mo. Modern half speckled calf and marbled boards, red morocco label. Foxing and browning, else very good.

The beginnings of independence in Texas and the formation of the provisional government at the start of the Revolution: the rare first edition of “the record of the proceedings of the group of Texans which first set up a formal...government for Texas as a state independent of Mexico” (Streeter).

This Journal documents the proceedings of the Consultation in October and early November of 1835, as it guided Texas towards independence amidst the Siege of Bexar. The work includes a printing of the “Declaration of the People of Texas, in General Convention Assembled” (p.21), a declaration of causes for taking up arms against Mexico preliminary to the Texas Declaration of Independence. On Nov. 13, the Consultation prepared twenty-one articles (pp. 42-49) creating the framework for a provisional government for Texas; from that date, until March 1, 1836, the Consultation was the only governing body in Texas.

The formation of the Consultation is described by Streeter:

“At a meeting of the citizens of Columbia held on August 15, 1835, it was resolved that ‘a consultation of all Texas, through her representatives is indispensable,’ ...it having become apparent, because of the opening of hostilities with Mexico, that there would be difficulty in assembling a quorum, on October 11, 1935, a small group, acting on a suggestion made by Stephen F. Austin a fortnight or so before, set up at San Felipe an informal organization sometimes referred to as the ‘Permanent Council’ and sometimes as the ‘General Council of Texas.’ The ‘Permanent Council’ were so informally chosen that this Journals of the Consultation may be regarded as the record of the proceedings of the group of Texans which first set up a formal, though provisional, government for Texas as a state independent of Mexico. They were the body that drew up the Declaration of the People of Texas, in General Convention assembled. These Journals, not printed until 1838, are the first record of all the sessions of the Consultation.”

Five hundred copies were printed of this record of the birth of an independent Texas; Streeter records fifteen extant, including his own. STREETER TEXAS I:245. RADER 3055. SABIN 94952. HOWES S69. RAINES, p.229. EBERSTADT 110:259. $22,000.

The Official Printing of the First American Treaty with Any Power

86. [United States-France Treaty]: TRAITÉ D’AMITIÉ ET DE COMMERCE, CONCLU ENTRE LE ROI ET LES ÉTATS-UNIS DE L’AMÉRIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE, LE 6 FEVRIER, 1778. Paris: de l’Imprimerie Royale, 1778. 23pp. Quarto. Antique-style half calf and marbled boards. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Very good.

The official French printing of the first French-American treaty, the first treaty between the United States and any other country, and a decisive moment in the American Revolution. Having struggled to find allies in their fight against England, the fledgling United States achieved recognition from France when news of Burgoyne’s defeat reached Paris. In February 1778 the American commissioners, Benjamin Franklin, Arthur Lee, and Silas Deane, negotiated both the treaty of amity and commerce, published herein, and a treaty of military alliance. Because France wished to consult with its ally, Spain, the alliance treaty was not immediately published in France, and probably first appeared in print in Philadelphia; the am- ity and commerce treaty was published immediately, however, first appearing in this Paris edition. France and the United States grant each other most-favored-nation trade status and agree to protect each others’ commercial vessels. Both par- ties also agree to abstain from fishing in each others’ waters, with the United States especially agreeing to refrain from fishing on the banks of Newfoundland.

Howes records two Paris editions of 1778: this official twenty-three-page printing and another of eight pages, both of which appear in the NUC, and OCLC records regional printings in Aix and possibly Grenoble. The NUC locates seven copies of this official royal printing. In twenty-five years this is only the second copy of this Paris printing we have handled. A rare edition of a treaty of the greatest importance to the United States, marking its first recognition by another power and the beginning of a relationship crucial to the winning of American independence. BRUNET I:12. MALLOY, p.468. SABIN 96565. HOWES T328. ECHEVERRIA & WILKIE 778/36. STREETER SALE 791. REESE, REVOLUTIONARY HUNDRED 51. $25,000 .

The First Published History of the Maya

87. Villagutierre Sotomayor, Juan de: HISTORIA DE LA CONQUISTA DE LA PROVINCIA DE EL ITZA, RE- DUCCION, Y PROGRESSOS DE LA DE EL LACANDON, Y OTRAS NACIONES DE INDIOS BARBAROS, DE LA MEDIACION DE EL REYNO DE GUATIMALA, A LAS PROVINCIAS DE YUCATAN, EN LA AMERICA SEPTENTRIONAL. [Madrid: Lucas Antonio de Bedmar y Narvaez, 1701]. [64],660,[34]pp. plus engraved frontis. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, manuscript title on spine, modern leather cords and ties. Moderate wear and soiling, some old ink notations on front cover. Minor dampstaining and toning, early Spanish ownership signature and later ink stamp of Alfred Tozzer on titlepage. Overall good plus. Lacking colophon leaf and front free endpaper.

A handsome copy of this story of the Itza people in what is now northern , who finally succumbed to Spanish forces in 1697. Although the author never set foot in the New World, his high position in the Consejo de Indias and other royal councils gave him access to much important documentation for the writing of this prized history of the conquest of the Izta Maya and the attempted conquest of the Lacandón Indians during the last decades of the 17th century; the conquest of Petén; and the misadventures of Roque de Soberanis y Senteno and Martín de Urzúa, two governors of the Yucatán, make for very exciting reading. This is the first published book dedicated solely to the history of the Yucatán and the Maya, here offered in its first edition, second issue (with the corrected catchword “glas” at the foot of the recto of preliminary leaf F2).

Bedmar y Narvaez printed the titlepage in black and red and the text is in double-column format. This copy contains both the engraved “frontispiece” and the black and red titlepage, but, as usual, not the very rare colophon. Although touted as “Primera parte” on the titlepage, there were no further parts; this HISTORIA... is complete, “all published.” PALAU 366681. MEDINA, BHA 2051. FIELD 1605 (“has from its extreme rarity remained almost unknown”). SABIN 99643. LeCLERC 1546. SALVÁ 3422. HEREDIA 3407. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 701/262. Villagutierre: ARCHIVO BIOGRÁFICO DE ESPAÑA, PORTUGAL, E IBEROAMÉRICA, fiche 1019, frames 213-16. $9000. Extremely Rare: A Remarkable Collection of Narratives

88. [Wales, William, and John Roberts, publishers]: THE SOUTH-WESTERN MONTHLY, A JOURNAL DE- VOTED TO LITERATURE AND SCIENCE, EDUCATION, THE MECHANIC ARTS AND AGRICULTURE. VOLUME I[-II]. Nashville. 1852. Two volumes. viii,374 [i.e. 376]; vii,376pp., plus thirty-one plates. Later three-quarter black morocco and cloth, spines gilt. Corners lightly worn. Ownership inscription on verso of each frontispiece, bookplate on rear pastedowns. First volume with ink stamp on pastedown and titlepage. Lightly foxed. Some light wear and soiling. Very good.

A very rare complete set of this interesting and important Tennessee periodical, containing all twelve articles entitled “Early History of the Southwest,” which constitute the main interest of the magazine for modern readers. After the magazine ceased publication with the December 1852 issue, the editors followed their intention stated in their last editorial and gathered all of the narratives into a book issued in January 1853 entitled INDIAN BATTLES, MURDERS, SEIGES [sic] AND FORAYS IN THE SOUTH-WEST. “...This was a collection of narratives by various authors. These had appeared separately as articles in the SOUTH WESTERN MONTHLY MAGAZINE, printed in Nashville during the years 1851-52. The magazines are considered frontier periodicals of extreme rarity - the 1853 book...is all but unobtainable. Apparently, few copies of the book were printed, judging from the very few times one finds records of its sale...” - Allen. The actual first appearances in print of all of the items in the book are the periodical versions.

Articles include “Sketch of the Captivity of Col. Joseph Brown,” “The Indian Massacres in the Vicinity of Bosley’s Spring...,” “Indian Murders around Nashville - Narrative of John Davis, Esq.,” “Scalping of Thomas Everett and his two sisters, near Buchanan’s Fort...,” “Indian Battles and Murders - Narrative of General Hall,” “Perils attending emigration from Virginia to the West...burning of Sigler’s Fort. Narrative of John Carr,” “The levy of men sent out from North Carolina...narrative of Mr. Samuel Blair,” “Narrative of John Rains,” “Massacre at Cavet’s Station.” Virtually all of the narratives describe Indian fights in Tennessee between the 1780s and the War of 1812.

An important rarity of Indian warfare on the Old Southwest frontier. This set has a remarkably large number of plates; other sets we know of have far fewer. All seem to be remainders from New York publications used as illustrations without regard to text. HOWES W30 (ref). ALLEN RARITIES 47. ALLEN IMPRINTS 3160. $7500.

Important Documents of the War of the Spanish Succession

89. [War of Spanish Succession]: [Petit, Lewis]: [EXTENSIVE MANUSCRIPT BOOK OF CORRESPONDENCE, REPORTS, AND OTHER MATERIAL RELATED TO THE BRITISH OCCUPATION OF MINORCA DURING THE WAR OF SPANISH SUCCESSION, AND AN INVESTIGATION INTO ITS FINANCIAL AND MILITARY GOVERNANCE BY BRIGADIER LEWIS PETIT]. [Minorca, Spain. 1708-1713]. [690]pp. Thick quarto. Later three- quarter calf and marbled boards. Moderate wear to edges and spine extremities, boards rubbed, corners bumped. Small later ownership inscription on front pastedown. Light foxing and tanning, marginal dust soiling. Composed in a neat, legible hand. Very good. Untrimmed.

A lengthy and highly detailed manuscript volume containing documents related to the British takeover of Minorca after its capture from Spain during the War of Spanish Succession and an investigation into the governance of the island. In September 1708 British forces occupied the Mediterranean island with little opposition, the inhabitants and nobles having mostly supported the Anglo-Dutch designs for the Spanish throne. The inherent importance of the island as a military outpost and trading way point in the Mediterranean led the British to occupy it for the rest of the war, and to receive it as a possession in the Treaty of Utrecht, which ended the conflict in 1713.

The documents collected here relate to the English Brigadier Lewis Petit, who served as Lieutenant Governor and Chief Engineer of the island during its occupation. As Chief Engineer, Petit was in charge of improving the fortifications and defenses of Minorca, and although a Spanish ally was named as titular Governor, Petit exercised the true authority over the island. Although his improvement plans may have been sound, his management of the island’s public moneys was suspect.

“Petit somehow found time to enter into commercial speculations on his own account. In partnership with two Spaniards and Stanhope’s secretary Arent Furley, Petit purchased a French prize at Mahón for 7800 dollars with which to trade be- tween Minorca, Majorca, Sardinia, and the Spanish and Barbary coasts. He advised Furley that he had found it necessary to use funds supplied for the fortifications to complete the purchase, and urgently requested capital from his partners to repay this misappropriation. Petit’s participation was valuable to the enterprise owing to his ability to land cargoes at Mahón without paying duty, an activity much objected to by the local town government....

“Petit was soon to find himself under the scrutiny of the inspectors sent from London to investigate irregularities in the expenditure of the army in Spain, as an attempt to disgrace the previous ministry....The accusations against him concerned imperfections in his accounts, including allegations of missing vouchers, irregularities, and overcharging in the numbers of workmen and mules, and alleged differences between prices contracted and prices paid, among other charges” - DNB.

The documents compiled here therefore relate principally to the investigation of those actions by a specially convened Board of Commissioners, and contain Petit’s written responses to specific inquiries about his expenditures. In transmitting these answers, the reports provide a detailed perspective regarding the management of Minorca’s finances, defenses, and engineering improvements under Petit’s charge. Moreover, in order to buttress or to undermine those claims, voluminous correspondence, financial figures, construction reports, testimonies, affidavits, and other material are reproduced that span the length of the British occupation of the island before it officially became a possession. As a result, the manuscript documents contained here provide a thorough encapsulation of the economic and military situation on Minorca, and the growth of its importance as a British outpost in the Mediterranean.

A highly valuable set of manuscript documents that meticulously details the development and management of a British possession gained through the War of Spanish Succession, worthy of much deeper research. Paul Latcham, “Petit, Lewis (1665?-1720)” in OXFORD DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY (Oxford Uni- versity Press, 2004), http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22038. $12,500.

An Important Washington Letter to the French Second-in-Command, the Marquis de Chastellux

90. Washington, George: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON AS COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY, TO FRANÇOIS-JEAN DE BEAUVOIR, CHEVA- LIER DE CHASTELLUX, DOCUMENTING SOME OF THE MISCOMMUNICATIONS THAT OCCURRED BETWEEN THE FRENCH AND COLONIAL AMERICAN ARMIES LEADING UP TO YORKTOWN]. New Windsor. June 13, 1781. [3]pp. on a single bifolium. Embossed blindstamp reading “ARCHIVES DE CHASTELLUX” at top right of first leaf, a few spots of toning. Fine

An important letter relating to the decisive French and American collaboration during the American Revolution, document- ing some of the inevitable misunderstandings that occurred between the French and American armies during their joint campaign against the British, written at a pivotal moment as Washington and his French allies prepared for operations against New York City. These actions would, in the end, result in their epochal march to Virginia, in a bold bid to entrap Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown.

General Rochambeau, commanding 4,000 French troops, had established his headquarters in Newport, R.I., ready for joint action. On May 22, 1781 Washington and Rochambeau met at Wethersfield, Ct. to plan the forthcoming campaign, which centered upon operations against New York City as a means to relieve pressure on Lafayette’s small army fight- ing Cornwallis in Virginia. Part of the plan agreed to at conference was that the French fleet in Newport would sail to Boston where it could be better protected once the French Army left the town on its march to link up with Washington’s Continentals on the Hudson River. Soon after his arrival back at Camp, the Duc de Lauzun, the French cavalry com- mander, came riding in with the news that after a French council of war, held on May 31 at Newport, it had been decided that the French fleet would remain in Newport. According to Lauzun, Washington became so enraged, he was unable to pen a reply for three days.

On June 4, Washington wrote to Rochambeau to voice his belief that the French fleet remaining in Newport would require more troops to remain in that place to guard it, expressing the same sentiments to Admiral Barras the same day. In a pri- vate letter to Chastellux, Washington expressed his fear that if the French fleet remained at Newport, “every mysterious preparation of the enemy” would pressure the French admiral to call upon additional militia, further draining resources from the main object. On September 9, Chastellux wrote to Washington, offering reassurances that his concerns were being taken seriously by the French command. In response, the Commander-in-Chief expresses concern that he may have misconstrued his allies’ plans. After reviewing the result of the conference, Washington realized that he may have been too cautious in ensuring the safety of the French fleet, as long as it had the force required “and did not impede the march of the Army towards the Hudson.” In the present letter, Washington writes in response:

“I fear from the purport of the letter you did me the honor to write from Newport, on the 9th, that my sentiments re- specting the Council of War held on board the Duke de Borgoyne (the 31st of May) have been misconceived; and I shall be very unhappy if they receive an interpretation different from the true intent & meaning of them. If this is the case, it can only be attributed to my not understanding the business of the Duke de Lauzen perfectly. I will rely therefore on your goodness & candor to explain, & rectify the mistake, if any has happened. My wishes, perfectly coincided with the determination of the Board of War to continue the Fleet at Rhode Island provided it could remain there in safety and with the force required; and did not impede the march of the Army towards the North River; but when Duke Lauzen informed me, that my opinion of the propriety, and safety of this measure was required by the Board; and that he came hither at the particular request of the Counts Rochambeau and de Barras, to obtain it.; I was reduced to the painful necessity of delivering a sentiment different from that of a most respectable board, or of forfeiting all pretensions to candor by the concealment of it. Upon this ground it was, I wrote to the Generals to the effect I did, and not because I was dissatisfied at the alteration of the plan agreed to at Wethersfield. My fears for the safety of the Fleet, which I am now perswaded were carried too far, were productive of a belief that the Generals, when separated, might feel uneasy at every misterious preparation of the enemy, and occasion a fresh call for Militia; this had some weight in my determination to give Boston (where I was sure no danger could be encountered but that of a Blockade) a preference to Newport, where, under some circumstances, though not under such as were likely to happen, something might be enterprized.”

Washington concludes:

“The Fleet being at Rhode Island is attended, certainly, with many advantages in the operations proposed and I entreat that you, and the Gentlemen who were of opinion that it ought to be risqued there for these purposes will be assured, that I have a high sense of the obligation you meant to confer on America by that resolve and that your Zeal to promote the common cause, & and my anxiety for the safety of so valuable a fleet, were the only motives which gave birth to the apparent difference were in our opinions. I set that value upon your friendship and candor, and have that implicit belief in your attachment to America, that they are only to be equaled by the sincerity with which I have the honor to be D Sir Yr. most obed. & obliged hble serv Go. Washington.”

When the focus of the campaign turned from New York City to trapping Cornwallis at Yorktown later that summer, it would be Barras’s fleet that would deliver the siege artillery to Chesapeake Bay.

This letter formerly resided in the Chastellux estate, and provides a clear example of the problems inherent in the com- munications between the two different countries’ armed forces at a critical time in the Revolutionary War. $95,000.

An Important Early Texas Guide

91. Woodman, David: GUIDE TO TEXAS EMIGRANTS. Boston: M. Hawes, 1835. vi,[13]-192pp. plus engraved plate and folding map. Modern half calf and marbled boards, leather label. Upper corners of several leaves with minor tissue repairs. Contemporary meteorological tables tipped on rear endpapers. Minor soiling and foxing. Very good.

Woodman wrote this guide book, one of the first in English devoted to Texas, to serve the purposes of the Galveston Bay and Texas Land Company and their promotion of lands in Texas. It also contains a discussion of the various land grants in Texas, speeches and official reports on Texas, accounts of travellers’ visits there, and testimonial letters from settlers. The engraved plate is captioned “The Buffalo Hunt” and is after a painting by A. Fisher. A rare and important Texas guide, with a most important map of Texas, seldom met with. STREETER TEXAS 1177. HOWES W647. GRAFF 4737. GRAFF, FIFTY TEXAS RARITIES 12. CLARK III:117. PHILLIPS, SPORTING BOOKS, p.413. $30,000.

With Original Mounted Photographs

92. Young, Allen: CRUISE OF THE ‘PANDORA.’ London: William Clowes and Sons, 1876. viii,90pp., plus twelve mounted photographs, folding map. Original blue cloth, stamp in black, gilt lettered. Light wear to cloth, front hinge a bit loose. Contemporary gift inscription on titlepage, 20th-century bookplate on front pastedown. Light tanning, occasional foxing to text; photos quite clean. A very good copy.

A presentation copy of the first edition of this narrative that recounts Young’s 1875 voyage to the Arctic Seas, with ex- tracts from his journal. The privately funded voyage of the Pandora strove to navigate the Northwest Passage with hopes to gain a better understanding of the fate of the Franklin expedition. Although the Pandora was unable to complete its voyage, due to extreme ice in Peel Sound, Young was able to make a stop at the kryolite mine in Ivitut, Greenland, which he describes in great detail. Young also completed an investigation of Beechey Island, where he discovered the shelter erected by McClintock and the cairn set up by Sir John Ross during their own searches for Franklin.

The twelve photographs included are some of the earliest taken of the region, and include the graves of Franklin’s ex- pedition on Beechey Island and views at Godhavn, among others. A rare, personal account of Young’s expedition which earned him the Arctic Medal in 1876. Printed for private distribution, rare in the market, with Young’s gift inscription on the titlepage to a “Fred Irving.”

ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 19758. $10,000.