Resetting the Urban Network
Resetting the Urban Network: 117-2012 Short title: Resetting the Urban Network: 117-2012 Guy Michaels London School of Economics† Ferdinand Rauch University of Oxford‡ August 5, 2016 Abstract Article Do fixed geographic features such as coastlines and rivers determine town locations, or can historical events trap towns in unfavourable locations for centuries? We examine the effects on town locations of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, which temporarily ended urbaniza- tion in Britain, but not in France. As urbanization recovered, medieval towns were more often found in Roman-era town locations in France than in Britain. The resetting of Britain’s urban net- work gave it better access to natural navigable waterways, which mattered for town growth from 1200-1800. We conclude that history trapped many French towns in suboptimal locations. KEYWORDS: Economic Geography, Economic History, Path Dependence, Transportation. We thanks conference participants at the ASSA Meetings, IAST (Toulouse) Economic History Conference on Trade and History, and UIBE (Beijing) Workshop in International Trade, and seminar participants in Aalto, Amsterdam, Au- tonoma Barcelona, Budapest, Edinburgh, Gothenburg, Graz, Lausanne, Leeds, LSE, Mannheim, Munich, Nottingham, Oxford, Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Pompeu Fabra, Rotterdam, Royal Holloway, Sussex, Vienna, and Warwick for help- ful comments. We also thank Alan Bowman, Francesco Caselli, Rui Esteves, Penelope Goodman, Alan Manning, Kevin O’Rourke, Assaf Peretz, Michele Piccione, Steve Pischke, Diego Puga, Nicholas Purcell, Steve Redding, Marko Tervio, John Van Reenen, Tony Venables, Andrew Wilson, and Greg Woolf for their helpful suggestions. We are grateful to the Centre for Economic Performance for its financial support. The usual disclaimer applies.
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