THE YEAR IN REVIEW AN ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF THE ABA/SECTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW THETHE YEAREAR ININ REVIERREVIEWEVIEW AN ANNUAL SURVEY OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL DEVELOPMENTS AND PUBLICATION OF THE ABA/SECTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 2016 • VOLUME 50 INTERNATIONAL LEGAL DEVELOPMENTS YEAR IN REVIEW: 2015 Introduction . Brooke J. Bowman and Jason Scott Palmer Business Regulation Constituent Division Customs Law Women’s Interest Network Export Controls and Economic Sanctions Young Lawyers Interest Network (YIN) International Antitrust International M&A and Joint Ventures Tax, Estate, and Individuals International Trade Employment Law Privacy, E-Commerce, and Data Security Immigration and Naturalization International Tax Disputes International Arbitration Public International Law International Criminal Law Anti-Corruption International Family Law Anti-Money Laundering International Litigation International Art and Cultural Heritage Corporate International Environmental and Corporate Social Responsibility Resources Law International Commercial Transactions, International Human Rights Franchising and Distribution International Organizations: The Work of International Intellectual Property the UN 2015 International Procurement National Security Law Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Finance International Financial Products and Legal Practice Services Transnational Legal Practice International Investment and Development Regional and Comparative Law International Secured Transactions and Africa Insolvency Asia-Pacific International Securities and Capital Canada Markets Europe India Industries Mexico Aerospace and Defense Industries International Energy and Natural Middle East Committee Resources Law Russia/Ukraine International Transportation Law PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH SMU DEDMAN SCHOOL OF LAW THE YEAR IN REVIEW AN ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF THE ABA/SECTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW THE INTERNATIONAL LAWYER BOARD OF PROFESSIONAL EDITORS MARC I. STEINBERG Editor-in-Chief, SMU Dedman School of Law PATRICIA S. HEARD BEVERLY CARO DUREUS´ Co-Executive Editor Co-Executive Editor SMU Dedman School of Law SMU Dedman School of Law EXTERNAL ADVISORY BOARD WERNER F. EBKE Chair, University of Heidelberg, Germany MADS ANDENAS ROGER S. CLARK ROBERT LUTZ Institute of Advanced Legal Studies Rutgers University, Camden Southwestern University RICHARD M. BUXBAUM DON S. DEAMICIS JOHN F. MURPHY University of California National Law Center for Inter-American Villanova University at Berkeley Free Trade ALBERT CHEN HILARY K. JOSEPHS JOHN E. NOYES Hong Kong University Syracuse University California Western ROBERT RENDELL MARILYN J. KAMAN PATRICK DEL DUCA Squire Patton Boggs Senior Judge, Minnesota Zuber Lawler & Del Duca SMU FACULTY ADVISORY BOARD Co-Chair Co-Chair Co-Chair CHRISTOPHER H. HANNA NDIVA KOFELE-KALE JOSEPH J. NORTON ANTHONY COLANGELO JOHN LOWE W. KEITH ROBINSON JEFFREY GABA GEORGE MARTINEZ DAVID TAYLOR CHRISTOPHER JENKS DANA NAHLEN* JENIA IONTCHEVA TURNER JEFF KAHN PETER WINSHIP *ADJUNCT FACULTY CO-GENERAL EDITORS BROOKE J. BOWMAN JASON SCOTT PALMER Stetson University College of Law Stetson University College of Law THE YEAR IN REVIEW IS EDITED BY THE EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAWYER THE INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW ASSOCIATION An Association of The International Lawyer, The Year in Review, and Law and Business Review of the Americas SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY DEDMAN SCHOOL OF LAW 2015-2016 STUDENT EDITORIAL BOARD CORTLAND HOGE President THE INTERNATIONAL LAWYER LAW AND BUSINESS REVIEW OF THE AMERICAS JUSTIN HANNA BRANDT ROESSLER ALYSSA ORTIZ JAMISON JOINER Editor-in-Chief Managing Editor Editor-in-Chief Managing Editor Associate Managing Editors ALYSON ALFORD-GARCIA ZAINAB KHAN MATT STRINGER JULIA DANESHFAR JENNIFER MCCOY CAMILLE WALKER ABBY MUSSER Senior Note & Comment Case Note & Comment Editor Editors Canada Reporter NAFTA Reporter MICHAEL ROUSSEAU BRITTNEY HERSON CLIFTON BEECH ELISE LEGROS WILLIAM DERRICK KYLE KATHERINE MITCHELL CHARLES NORTH BEN SCHWARTZ SYDNIE SHIMKUS WALKER YOUNG PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH SMU DEDMAN SCHOOL OF LAW THE YEAR IN REVIEW AN ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF THE ABA/SECTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Latin America Reporter Citations Editors Administrative Managing Editor VIENNA FLORES CORY EDEN ADAM BELL TAYLOR WILLIS Articles Editors WILL ALDRETE MARIO A. 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