Control of Insect and Mite Pests of Man and Livestock
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E.M. 2917 Revised June 1968 CONTROL OF INSECT AND MITE PESTS OF MAN AND LIVESTOCK COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE • WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY • PULLMAN In cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture lssuecl in furtherance of the Acts of May 8 ancl June 10, 1914, by the Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service, John P. Miller, Director The information given in this schedule is for educational purposes only . Reference to commercial products or trade names is made with the understanding that no dis crimination is intended and no indorsement by the Cooperative Extens i on Service is implied. !'· ~JARIJ I i'JG t~ , When this bulletin was written several of the recommended pesticides were registered on a ''no-residue 11 or ''zero tolerance ' ~ basis. According to a new USDA-FDA ruling these uses may have been cancelled after December 31, 1967, unless numerical tolerances were estab k lished or research was underv~ay ~o obtain them . As of January 26, 1968, we had notre ~ ceived information from the USDA :· regarding the status of Ronnel and Co-Ral sprays or fly t :-· killing cords containing Diazinon, Parathion, or Dimetilan when used for fly control on f poultry farms. The use of Co-Ral on dairy animals is also not clear at this time. Consult your county agent or other agricultural authority before applying any of t hese ' chemicals . • •:= . PRECAUTI01~S I1~ USII~G II~SECTICIDES This publication lists and describes control measures for the more common injurious insects normally encountered. The pesticide recommendations are based on research by scientists of ~Jashington State University, the USDA, and by other agencies. Those suggested are known to be effective and they can be used safely provided proper precautions are fal l owed . In many cases additional information may be obtained on description of the insects and their damage, their life cycle, and a more cieta i led des cri pt ion on their control . If your insect problem goes beyond the scope of this dis cuss ion, you can get additional help from your County Extension Agent. You may also wish to contact the ·vJestern washington Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, if you live west of the Cascades. For Eastern Washington residents you may write to the Department of Entomology, '~JSU, Pullman. Insecticides are poisonous to man and ani mals. Use them only when needed and handle them with care. Follow the direc tions and heed all precautions on the labels. Keep i ns ecticides in closed, well-labeled containers in a dry place. Store them where they will not contaminate food or feed, and where children and animals cannot reach them. Avoid contact with pesticides, especially poisoned baits and concentrates. If any is spilled on skin or clothing, wash it off the skin and change clothing i rrme diately. Avoid inhalation of insecticide dusts or mists. Do not wear insecticide-contami nated clothing. ~ash hands and face before eating or S8oking and immediately after completing insecticide application. To protect fish and wildlife, do not apply pesticides in any manner that will contaminate lakes, streams, or ponds . Do not clean spraying equipment or dump excess spray material near ponds, streams or other areas that may be contaminated with the pesticide. Empty pesticide containers should be punctured, crushed or broken whenever possible so that they cannot be used for other purposes. Dispose of empty insecti cide containers at a sanitary land-fill dur,lp, or bury them at least 18 inches deep in a level, isolated place where they will not contaminate water supplies . Fo r small containers, less than one quart size, rinse the empty container out four times with water then, if you have trash collection service, wrap these small containers in heavy paper and place them in the trash can. E.M. 2917 - Page 1 FLY CONTROL FOR DAIRY FARMS INSECTICIDES Follow directions on the label in using insecticides. Do not contaminate feed, feed For Fly Contra 1 troughs, drinking fountains, or utensils. Insecticides are poisonous. Keep your milk pure and clean. OUTSIDE BUILDINGS Use one of the following treatments for fly control outside buildings. Do not use these sprays on dairy animals or inside barns or in the milkroom. Use 1 to 2 gallons spray per 1000 sq. ft.; spray outside surfaces thoroughly. Insecticide Formulation Fenthion (Baytex) Use 4 to 8 oz. of 46% EC to 2 gals . of water. Ronnel (Korlan) Use 2 to 4 lbs. 25% WP to 12 gals. water. Spray to wet thoroughly. Lindane 1 gal. 20% EC in 49 gals. water. Methoxych 1or 4 gals. 25% EC in 45 gals. water. INSIDE tjARNS The following treatments may be used for fly control inside barns. Most of these sprays must not be used on dairy animals or feed; so spray when the ani111als are outside the barn, cover feed troughs or wash them immediately after spraying, and be sure no feed is exposed. SURFACE SPRAYS Spray surface to point of run off, about l to 2 gallons per 1000 sq. ft., unless other wise indicated. Repeat sprays as needed. I nsecti ci de Formulation Ronnel (Korlan) l gal. 24% EC or 8 lbs. 25% WP in 25 gals . water. Malathion l gal. 57% EC or 16 lbs. 25% WP in 25 gals. water. DDVP (Vapona, Di ch 1orvos) pt. 50% EC to 12 l/2 gals. water . Apply l qt. per 1000 sq. ft. Dimethoate (Cygon) qt. 2 EC in 6 gals. water. Na 1ed ( Di brom) pt. 41 % EC in 20 gals. water. Di azinon gal . 25% EC in 100 gals. water. Dairy Farms E.M. 2917 - Pag e 2 FLY CONTROL FOR DAIRY FARMS Cont ' d BAIT SPRAYS In secti cide Formulation Trichlorfon (Dipterex) 4 lbs . of 1% formulation plus 4 lbs. sugar in 4 gals . water; stir until dissolved. Malath i on 1 cup 57% EC plus 3 lbs . sugar in 3 gals. water, or 1 lb. 25% WP plus 3 lbs . sugar in 2 l/2 gals. water. Di azinon l/2 lb. 50% WP plus 1 l b. sugar in 2 l/2 gals. water. IMPREGNATED CORDS Commercially prepared cotton cords treated with Parathion or Diazinon may be purchased. These cords provide long lasting fly control. Follow the manufacturer's directions and precautions . ON DAIRY ANIMALS Use one of the following treatments on dairy animals. Apply after milking. Insecticide Formulation App 1i cation DDVP (Vapons, 1% oil solution Apply 1 to 2 oz./animal as a mist spray daily. Do not wet Dichlorvos) the skin. Pyrethrin plus 0.1% pyrethrin plus Use as a mist spray daily. synergist* 1% synergist Ciodrin 2% solution Apply a light application daily as a fine mist. Spray to thoroughly cover all parts of the animal including the legs. Do not apply in excess of 2 fl. oz. per animal per day. Malathion 5% dust Sprinkle 3 tbsp. on back, neck, and flanks of cow every 3 weeks; apply outside milking parlor immediately after milk ing. * Piperonyl butoxide, Sulfoxide, MGK 264, MGK R-1 1, MGK R-326, Cr ag or Tabutrex. Dairy Farm s E.M. 2917 - Page 3 FLY COI~TROL FOR DAIRY FARMS Cont•d Insecticide Formulation Application Methoxych 1or 50% WP l tbsp. per animal. Sprinkle and rub into back, neck and flanks every 3 weeks; apply outside milking parlor immedi ately after milking. SANITATION IS THE FIRST STEP - and the most important one--in controlling flies. rt•s cheaper than relying on insecticides and there are no residue problems. Eliminate breeding areas. Flies breed in moist straw and manure, moist spilled feed and malt, manure drains, and decaying vegetation. Spread manure thinly over fields. Manure piles attract and provide breeding areas for flies from miles away. Use tight-fitting screens on milkroom windows and self-closing doors that swing out ward. WHEN NECESSARY - sanitation can be supplemented by proper use of approved insecticides. Take these precautions-- Use only recommended pesticides. Many insecticides are not approved for use on dai~ farms. Avoid contaminating feed, troughs, water, etc., to prevent residues in the milk . Follow directions so that animals are not in contact with insecticides that can be absorbed and transmitted to the milk. Do not use insecticides i n milkrooms . Fly control can be accomplished by sanitation, tightly fitted screens, and if necessary, careful use of fly paper strips. PURE MILK - is the goal. Dairy Farms E.M o 2917 - Page 4 t3EEF I nsecti ci de Mi nir~1um Days Insect and Tolerance Last App licati on Application and Remarks Formulation* ppm To Slaughter Ruelene 0 28 Use 2 gals . 25% EC to 100 gals . water. Apply spray with (Spray) power sprayer or spray dip machine. Thoroughly wet entire animal . Use only a si ngle treatment. Use approximately l Cattle grub gal . of spray for an im als 300 lbs . or over. Use proportion ately less for smaller animals. Treat cattle as soon as possible aft er heel fly activity ceases, or about Aug. 15 . OR Do not apply after Nov. l . (Pour-on) Use l/2 gal o 25% EC in l gal . water. Apply l fl . oz . per 100 lbs. body weight along animal's back . For animals over 800 lbs . use only 8 oz " per head. Apply with long-handled dipper. Coumaphos No time 12-16 lbs. 25% WP in 100 gals. water. Use the higher rate (Co-Ral) limitation. in Northern areas or for late fall appl i cations when l ong (Spray) hair makes thorough wetting of the skin difficult. Apply as high pressure spray so as to wet the skin, not just the hair of the animal .