Bibliography

Books and reports

Barlay, S. (1976) Murder – With No Villains. That Thin Red Line – Fire: The Case for Self-Defence. Hutchinson Benham, London, 37-63

Basnett, S. (1991) Mann Ablaze! A history of the Isle of Man fire service. Leading Edge Press and Publishing Ltd, 96pp.

Bruce, R. (2009) Summerland death toll figure could be amended. Isle of Man Examiner. 17th February, page 7

Butcher, E.G. and Parnell, A.C. (1983) Designing for Fire Safety. John Wiley, New York

Byrd, T. (1974) Summerland: a project that became too big for its creators. Construction News, 5359, pages 20-22 and 45

Byrom, D.R. (1971) Architect’s account of the Summerland leisure centre. Architects’ Journal, 156, 633-637.

Carter, H. (2003) Isle of Man’s forgotten holiday horror. The Guardian, 2nd August, page 8

Castleden, R. (1991) Harrap’s Book of British Dates. Harrap, London, 446pp.

Chalk, W. (1971) Appraisal of the Summerland leisure centre. Architects’ Journal, 156, 638-648

Corran, H.S. (1977) The Isle of Man. David and Charles. Newton Abbot, Devon, 174pp.

Crawford, D. (1978) Summerland Reborn. Building, 235 (7048), 36-37.

Cringle, T. (2000) Here is the News: A chronicle of the 20th century – Volume II: 1951- 2000

Disciplinary Committee – Summerland: why Lomas was acquitted. (1979) Royal Institute of British Architects Journal, 86 (9) p392

Elleray, D.R. (1989) The Isle of Man: a pictorial history. Phillimore. Chichester.

French, P. (1978) Architects in dispute over Summerland fire verdict. The Sunday Times, 5th November, page 3

Fry, H. (1973) Tourism after the fire. Isle of Man Weekly Times. 30th August, page 9

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Harper, D. (1984) Memories must be jogged on Summerland’s lessons. Fire, 77, 31-32, 34

Hart, R.J., Lee, J.O., Boyles, D.J. and Batley, N.R. (1975) The Summerland Disaster. British Medical Journal, 1, 256-9

Hayward, D. (1978) Summerland safety: more than ‘belt and braces’. New Civil Engineer, 281, 16-17.

Hendry, M. (1998) ‘New name’ call for Summerland. Manx Independent. 31st July, page 6

Herbstein, D., Shaw, T., Isaacson, W., Hall, J., Geraghty, T. and Jones, M. (1973) Summerland men planned ‘fire-plastic’ buildings for Britain. The Sunday Times. 5th August, pages 1 and 3

Jordan, P. (1973) No fire without smoke. The Guardian. 4th August, page 11

Kelly, R. (1972) The Summerland Story. Island Development Co Ltd. Island Printers Ltd. 33pp. [Available from the Manx Museum]

Kinvig, R.H. (1975) The Isle of Man: a social, cultural and political history. Liverpool University Press

Kniveton, G.N., Forster, R.E., Kelly, R., Slack, S. and Cowin, F. (1996) Douglas Centenary: a celebration of the centenary of the Borough of Douglas, 1896-1996. The Manx Experience, Douglas, 192pp

Langdon-Thomas, G.J. (1972) Fire Safety in Buildings: Principles and Practice. A C Black Publishers

Lessons from experience. (1981) Consulting Engineer, 45 (4), 34-35 [This article explains how the architects of Summerland applied the lessons learnt from the disaster to the design of the Rhyl Sun Centre]

Leverton, J. (1998) Memories of disaster live on 25 years later: a collection of interviews to mark the 25th anniversary of the Summerland disaster. Isle of Man Examiner, 4th August, pages 10-11

McGain, R.E.S. (1988) Summer Index - Isle of Man. Weather, 43, 182-186.

Pearson, P.E. (1968) Railways in relation to resort development in East Lincolnshire. East Midland Geographer, 4, 281-295.

Pimlott, J.A. (1976) The Englishman’s holiday: a social history. Harvester Press. 318pp

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Plastics in Building Structures. (1965) Proceedings of a conference organised by The Plastics Institute, held in London, 14-16th June 1965. Symposium Publications Division, Pergamon Press, Oxford

Pym, C. (1977) The Summerland Fire Disaster. In: Bignell, V., Peters, G. and Pym, C. (Eds.) Catastrophic Failures. Open University, Milton Keynes, 273pp

Quarmby, A. (1974) The Plastics Architect, Pall Mall Press, London, 208pp.

Report of the Summerland Fire Commission (1974) Government Office, Douglas, Isle of Man.

Rasbash, D.J. (1991) Major Fire Disasters Involving Flashover. Fire Safety Journal, 17, 85-93

Rosenthal, U., Charles, M.T. and Hart, P.T. (1989) Coping with Crises: The Management of Disasters, Riots and Terrorism, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, USA

Shaw, J.M. (1983) The effect of weather on recreational activity in the north west of England. Unpublished Undergraduate Dissertation, Department of Geography, University of Birmingham

Sherry, D. (1972) Bournemouth: a study of a holiday town. Local Historian, 10, 126- 134

Silcock, A. and Hinkley, P.L. (1974) Report on the spread of fire at Summerland in Douglas on the Isle of Man, 2 August 1973. Building Research Establishment Current Paper CP74/74. Department of the Environment, London. 11pp. [sometimes referenced as Silcock, Hinkley and Webb; see Webb (1974a) below]

Sime, J.D. (1983) Affiliative behaviour during escape to building exits. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 3, 21-41

Sime, J.D. (1984) Escape behaviour in fires: panic or affiliation? PhD Thesis, University of Surrey.

Sime, J.D. (1985) Movement toward the familiar: person and place affiliation in a fire entrapment setting. Environment and Behavior, 17 (6), 697-724

Social Trends (1973) Central Statistical Office of Great Britain. HMSO. London

Solomon, M.J. and Thompson, J. (1995) Anger and blame in three technological disasters. Stress Medicine, 11, 199-206.

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Summerland and the Aquadrome: Colour souvenir guide and location map (1973) Promotional booklet written by Trust Houses Forte and available to visitors from the pay boxes inside Summerland [Obtained from John Webb]

Summerland: the anatomy of disaster – an edited version of the Summerland Fire Commission Report aimed at architects. (1974) Royal Institute of British Architects Journal, 81, 7 (July 1974), 3-23

Summerland: the analysis, the course of disaster, the blame, the recommendations. (1974) Architects’ Journal, 159 (22), 1183-1188. 29th May

Summerland architect cleared (1978) New Civil Engineer (318), page 7. 9th November

Taylor, K. (1973) Summerland’s flaming tangle of advice and waivers. New Civil Engineer, 9th August, pages 12-14

Thornes, J.E. (1984) The effect of weather on attendance at sports events. In: Bale, J. and Jenkins, C. (Eds.) Geographical Perspectives on Sport, 201-210

Turner, B.A. (1978) Man-made Disasters. Wykeham Press, London. 254pp

Turner, B.A. and Toft, B. (1989) Fire at Summerland Leisure Centre, In: (Eds.) Rosenthal, U., Charles, M.T. and Hart, P.T. Coping with Crises: The Management of Disasters, Riots and Terrorism, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, USA, 169-196

Walton, J.K. (1983) The English seaside resort: a social history 1750-1914. Leicester University Press. 265pp

Webb, J.S. (1974a) Fire Alarm System and escape-route lighting at the time of the fire at Summerland. Appendix to the report on the spread of fire at Summerland in Douglas on the Isle of Man, 2 August 1973. Building Research Establishment Current Paper CP74/74. Department of the Environment, London

Webb, J.S. (1974b) Summerland. Parish Magazine of St. Mary’s Church, Woolwich. August 1974.

Wilson-Dickson, P.S. (1974) The Summerland Fire and Inquiry. Fire Engineers Journal, 34 (96), 8-14

Isle of Man Summerland Fire, In: The World’s Worst Disasters of the Twentieth Century. (1983). Octopus Books Limited, London.

Documents and circulars

Transcripts of the Proceedings of Tynwald Court, Available from Douglas Library

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Minutes of the Finance Committee of Douglas Corporation, Available from Douglas Library

Home Office Circular No 91/1975 Fire Service Circular No 25/1975

Order of Service for a memorial service to mark the demolition of the Summerland building, 28th September, 2006

Witness statements given to the Isle of Man Constabulary by survivors and bystanders of the fire

The original architects’ plans for Summerland, available for viewing in the National Heritage Library in the Manx Museum, Douglas

The architects’ plans of the re-built Summerland complex obtained from Manx contractors Parkinsons – my thanks go to Jeanette Gregory for finding these plans.

Promotional pamphlet for the re-built Summerland complex, available in the National Heritage Library, Manx Museum, Douglas

Newspapers consulted

London-based nationals

Daily Express Daily Mail Daily Mirror The Daily Telegraph Financial Times The Guardian Morning Star The Sun The Times

News of the World The Observer The Sunday Express The Sunday Mirror The Sunday Telegraph The Sunday Times

Isle of Man newspapers

The Isle of Man Courier

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The Isle of Man Examiner The Isle of Man Weekly Times Manx Independent Manx Star Mona’s Herald Peel City Guardian

Regional and local newspapers

Birmingham Evening Mail Birmingham Post Eastern Daily Press Huddersfield Daily Examiner Kilmarnock Standard Liverpool Echo London Evening Standard Manchester Evening News Rayleigh News Review Scunthorpe Evening Telegraph Sheffield Morning Telegraph Tamworth Herald Warrington Guardian Yorkshire Post

Scottish newspapers

The Glasgow Herald Daily Record The Scotsman

Irish newspapers

Belfast Telegraph The Irish Times The Irish Independent

Welsh newspapers

Western Evening Mail

Internet sources

1973: Dozens die in resort fire, http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday. Accessed 21st December 2004 1973: Fire moved ‘quicker than I could walk’, http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday. Accessed 7th March 2005

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Remembering the victims of the Summerland blaze, http://news.bbc.co.uk. Accessed 31st March 1999

Isle of Man Online, http://www.iomonline.com.im. Various articles from 2001-9

Press Releases from the Department of Tourism and Leisure, Isle of Man Government, http://www.gov.im. Various articles from 2001-9

Derby Castle, at: http://www.isle-of-man.com. Accessed 6th June 2003 http://www.iomfire.com. The Isle of Man Fire and Rescue Service website. Accessed 3rd April 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summerland_disaster Wikipedia Encyclopedia. Accessed 3rd April 2009 http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/US_Pavilion_at_Expo_67. American Pavilion at Montreal. Accessed 3rd April 2009

Personal Communication

Charles Alan Elaine Anderson Clare Atherton Edward Austin Chris Bates Tim Beardmore Martin Blackburn Alex Brindley Rachael Bruce John Butler David Buttery Nigel Caley Norman Campbell Jackie Christie Zoe Chrystall Jonathan Corkill Allison Cowell Terry Cringle Steven Duncan Linda Fletcher Matthew Gaskell Bill Gaynor Ruth Grainger Jeanette Gregory Stephen Haskayne John Hawksley

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Noel Howarth Edward Jefferson John Keown Peter Killey David Kirk Jane Lea Reg Lea Mark Lewin Alan Limb Dessie McKenzie Ruth McQuillan Elma Magowan Campbell Malone George Maxwell Mark Mitchell Angela Moffatt Gerry Moore Alan Morgan Brian Naismith Peter Nolan Benjamin Oates Meic Pierce Owen Matthew Partington Ian Paterson Colyn Peers Paul Quayle Ian Queen Kevin Rimmer Brian Roberts Denise Robinson Ricky Rooney Stuart Rushton Doug Sandle Maureen Scott-Bell David Simpson Michael Slater Alan Spencer Keith Stowell Thomas Sutton Phil Teare James Turpin Jim Unick Robert Walton John Webb Sam Webb John Webster

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