279

BRITISH , STRATIGRAPHICALLY ARRANGED. BY JOHN MOKEIS, F.G.S. I. PALEOZOIC SYSTEM. (Continued from page 288.) FOSSILS OP THE UPPER . ECHINODEBMATA. Cystidea. Eucalyptoorinus polydaetylus, M Coy, Apiocystites pentremitoides, Forbes, Sil. P. F. 58. 245. Iohthyocrinuspyriformis, Phil. sp. S. S. Echinoencrinua armatus, Forbes, Sil. 672. 245. . Marsupiocrinus caelatus, Phil. S. S. 672. baccatus, Forbes, Sil. 245. Perieonocrinus articulosus, Aust. A. N. Prunocystites Fleteheri, Forbes, Sil. 245. H. 1843. p. 204. Pseudocrinus bifasciatus, Pearce, M. G. moniliformis, Mill. sp. S. S. 672 S. 2. 496. Pisocrinus ornatus,.K"on«n

ANNELIDA. Cornulites serpularius, Schl. S. S, 627. Serpulites perversus, M'Coy, G. J. 9, Serpulites curtus, SoK. M. G. S. 2. p. p. 15. 383. Tentaculites ornatus, Sow. S. S. 628. dispar, Salt. P. F. Ap. p. 1. tenuis, Sow. S. S. 613. longissimus, Murch. S. S. 700. Traehyderma coriaceum, Phil. M. G. S. 2. 332. 280 THE GEOLOGIST.

CRUSTACEA. Acidaspis Barrandii, Fletcher, Sil. 261. Phacops Downingiaa, Murch. Sil. 200. Brightii, Murch. Sil. 261. Stokesii, Jf. Edw. sp. M. G. S. 2. coronatus, Salt. G. J. 13. 211. 336. (Calymene macrophOialma, Sil. orenatus, Mmmrich, sp.N, Jahrb. 1845. Syst.) p. 44 Proetus latifrons, M'Coy, Sil. 261. Dama, Fletcher, MS. Ryokholti, JBBJT. S. S. Boh. 439. dumetosus, Fletcher, MS. Stokesii, Murch. Sil. 261. quinquespinosus, Fletch. MS. Sphserexochus mirus, Barr. Sil. 261. Ampyx parvulus, Forbes, M.G. S. 2. 850. Beyrichia Kloedeni, itf Cby, Sil. 260. Bronteus latioauda, Wahl. sp. S. S. 17. siliqua, Jones, A. N. H. 16, 90. Bumastus Barriensis, Murch. Sil. 123. Wilckensiana, Jones, A. N. H. 16.90. Calymene Blumenbachii, Brong. C.F. 11. Ceratiocaris ellipticus, M'Coy, P. F. tuberculosa, Salt. Sil. 260. 137. Cheirurus bimucronatus, Murch. Sil. inornatus, M'Coy, P. F. 137. 260. solenoides, M'Coy, P. F. 138. Cyphaspis megalops, M'Coy, Sil. 261. Eurypterus oephalaspis, Salter, P. F. Deiphon Forbesi, Ban-. S. S. Boh. 814. 175. Encrinurus punctatus, Brwnn. Sil. 261. pygmseus, Salt. Sil. 266. variolaris, Brong. Sil. 261. (Himantopterus). Homalonotus delphinocephalus, Green, Banksii, /Safter, Sil 266. Sil. Syst.p. 651. acuminatus, Salt. G. J. 12, 29. Knightii, Kbnig. Ic. Fos. 65. bilobus, Salt. G. J. 12, 30. Lichas Anglious, Beyr. Sil. 260. lanceolatus, Salt. G. J. 12, 32. Barrandii, JYetcA. Sil. 260. maximus, Salt. G. J. 12, 29. Grayii, J'tecA. G. J. 6. 237. perornatus Salt. G. J. 12, 31. " hirsutus, Fletch. G. J. 6. 236. punctatus, Salt. Sil. 140. nodulosus, Salter, P. F. 161. Parka decipiens, Flem., Lyell, Man. Salteri, Fletch. G. J. 6. 237. Geol. p. 421; Page, Text-b.p. 127. Phacops caudatus, Briinn. sp. S. S. 654. Egg-packets ?

BBTOZOA. Ceriopora abnormis, Lons. sp. S. S. 693. Fenestella asimilis, Lons. Sil. 239. affinis, Gold/. Pet. 216. Lonsdalei, a" Orb. Sil. 239. granulosa, Gold/. Pet 217. Milleri, Lons. S. S. 678. punctata, Goldf. Pet. 217. reticulata, Lons. S. S. 673. Diastopora irregularis, Lons. S. S. 679. subantiqua, d'Orb. Sil. 203. Discopora antiqua, Lam. S. S. 679. Glauconoma disticha, Goldf. Sil. 239. favosa, Lons. S. S. Lons. S. S. 679. Polypora crassa, Lons. Sil. 239. squamata, Lons. S. S. 679. Ptilodictya lanceolata, Goldf. Sil. 239. Escharina angularis, Lons. S. S. 676. scalpellum, Lons. Sil. 239.

BBACHIOPODA. Athyris circe, Barrande, Sil. 251. Crania Sedgwickii, Dav. Bui. S. G. Fr. compressa, Sow. sp. S. S. 629. 5. 334. didyma, i)

Lingula cornea, Sow. S. S. 603. Rhynchonella, brevirostrum, Sow. S. S. crumena, Phil. M. (J. S. 2. 369. 631. lata, Sow. S. S. 618. Capewelli,I?au. Sil. 250 Lewisii, Sow. S. S. 615. crispata, Sow. S. S. 624. parallela, Phil. M. G. S. 2. p. 370. Davidsoni, M'Coy, P. F. 200 striata, Sow. S. S. 619. depressa, Sow. S. S. 629. Symondsi, March. Sil. 252. Grayi, Dav. Sil. 250. Qbolus Davidsoni, Salter, Dav. Braoh. interplicata, Sow. S. S. 631. 136. Lewisii, Dav. Sil. 250. transversa, Salter, Dav. Braoh. 136. nitida, Hall, B. S. G. Fr. 5. 327. Orthis aequivalvis, Dav. Bui. G. S. Fr. nucula, SOID. Sil. 250. 5. p. 321. rotunda, Sow. S. S. 629. biforatus, Schlot. Sil. 210. sphasroidalis, M'Coy, P. F. 203. Bouohardii, ite>. Sil. 251. Stricklandi, Sow. S. S. 631. calligramma, Dalm. Sil. 251. Wilsoni, Sow. M. C. t. 118. Davidsoni, Ferft. Bui. S, G. Fr. 5. Siphonotreta Anglica, Morris, Sil. 250. -323. Spirifer crispus, Linn. $. S. 624. elegantula, Dalm. Leth. Suco. 77. elevatula, Dalm. Leth. Suec. 73. bybrida, Sow. S S. 630. picatellus, Linn. sp. (Cyrteena). Lewisii, Dav. Bui. S. G. Fr. 5. 309. (S. radiatus, interlineatus,) S. S. 614. lunata, Sow. 8. S. 611. trapezoidalis, Dalm. S. S. 610. porcata, M' Coy, G. F. 223. pisum, Sow. S. S. 630. rustica, Sow. S. S. 624. Strophomena antiquata, Soto. Sil. 251. Pentamerus galeatus, Dalm. sp.S. S. 618. applanata, Salt. S. F. 72. linguifer, Sow. sp. S. S. 629. compressa, Soiv. S. S. 638. liratus, Sow. sp. Sil. 100. depressa, Sow. M. C. t. 459. Kniglitii, Sow. M. C. t. 28. euglypha, Sow. S. S. 622. Retzia Bouchardii, Dav. Sil. 250. filosa, Soiv. sp. S. S. 630. Salteri, Dav. Sil. 250. funiculata, M'Coy, Sil. 251. Rhynchonella borealis, Schlot. M. G. S. imbrex, Pander, Sil. 251. 2. 383. OuralenBis, Vern. Geol. Rus. 220 (Kjr. lacunosa, Sil. Syst.) pecten, TAnn. sp. Sil. 251. Barrandii, Z>ai>. Sil. 250. Waltonii, 2>a». Bui. S. G. Fr. 5. 317. LAMELLIBEANCUIATA (Monomyaria). Ambonyohia aouticosta, XT Coy, P. F. Pterinea hians, M Coy, P. F. 260. 265. planulata, Conrad, Sil. 253. Avicula ampliata, PAjV. M.G.S. 2, 367. pleuroptera, M'Coy, P. F. 261. Danbyi, jlf Coy, P. F. 258. reticulata, His. Leth. Suec. 57. mira, Barrande, Sil. 253. retroflexa, Wahl. S. S. 609. • Pterinea asperula, M'Coy, Sil. 253. Sowerbii, M'Coy, P. F. 2C3. Boydii, M' Coy, P. F. 259. sabfalcata, M' Coy, P. F. 263. demissa, Conrad. Jour. Ac. Phil. 8. tenuistriata, M'Coy, Sil 258. lineatula, d'Orb, Prod. S3. rectangularis, Sow. S. S. 603. LAMELLIBEANCHIATA (Dimyaria). Anodontopsis angustifrons, M'Coy, P. Nucula levata, Hall, P. N. Y. 1. 150 F. 271. lingualis, Phil M. G. S. 2, 367. bulla, M'Coy, P. F. 271. rhomboidea, Phil. M. G. S. 2, 367. lsovia, /Sow. sp. P. F. 271. poststriata, M'Coy, P. F. 286. quadratus, M'Coy P. F. 272. Cardiola fibrosa, Sow. S. S. 617. securiformis, M'Coy, P. F. 272. interrupts), Sow. S. S. 617. Area Eastnori, Sow. S. S. 635. Cleidophorus planulatus, Conrad. P. F. Nuoula Anglica, d'Orb. Prod 33. 273. Edmondiiformis, MCoy, P. F. 283. ovalis, Jlf'Coy, P. F. 273. primitiva, Phil. M. S. G. 2. 366. Cucullella antiqua, Sow, S. S. 602. subsequalis, M'Coy, P. F. 283. Cawdori, Sow. S. S. 602. deltoidea, Phil. M. G. S. 2, 369. coarctata, Phil. sp. M. G. S. 2, 36C. t 282 THE GEOLOGIST.

Cucullolta ovata, Sow. 8. S. 602. Modiolopsis platyphyllus, Salt. Sil. 25-1. Pleurorhynchus asquicostatus, Phil. solenoides, Sow. P. F. 269. Mem. Geol. Surv. 2, p. 859. Mytilua exaspcratus, Phil. M. G. S. 2. Dolabra elliptioa, M Coy, P. F. 269. 364. obtusa, ilf Coy, P. F. 270. mytilimeris, Conrad, Sil. 254. Grammysia extrasulcata, Salter, Chemuugensis, Conrad, sp. Jour. A. Mem. Geol. Surv. 2, p. 361. N.S.Phil. 8. PI. 20. p. 10,11. cingulata, His. sp. Sil. 254. f unguioulatus, Salt. M. G. 8.2,365. rotundata, M'Coy, P. F. 281. Orthonota amygdalina, Sow. Sil. 254, triangulata, Salt. Sil. 254. impressa, Sow. Sil. 254. Leptodomus globulosus, M'Coy. P. F. prora, Salter, Sil. 254. 278. retusa, Sow. Sil. 254. Lyrodesma ounoata, Phil. sp. angulifera, M'Coy, Sil. 254. Mem. Geol. Surv. 2, p. 368. rigida, Sow. Sil. 254. Goniopliora cymbreformis, Sow. Sil. 253. solenoides, Sow. Sil. 254. Modiolopsia antiquus, Sow. 8. 8. Bemisuloata, M'Coy, P. 1<\ p. 275. complanata, Sow. 811. 253. inornata, Sow. M. G. S. 2. 362. Kilssoni, J3w. Sil. 254. undata, Sow. Sil. 254. perovalis, Salt. M. G. S. 2, 868. Tellinites affinis, M Coy, P. F. 286. quadratus, Salt. M. G. 8. 2. 368.

GASTEEOPODA. Capulua (Acroculia, sp). Holopella obsoleta, Sow. S. S. 003. euomphaloidos, M'Coy. P. V. 290. Littorina undifera, M'Coy, P. F. 306. ? Haliotis, Sow. sp. S. S. 625. Loxonema elegans, M' Coy, V. F. 302. ? prototypa, PAiJ. sp. M. G. S. 2. 358. sinuosa, Sow. S.S. 619. Chiton Qrayanus, Koninck, Bull. Ac. Muroliisonia articulata, Sow. Sil. 257. Roy. Brux. 2. ser. 3. p. 199. cingulata, His. sp. Let. Suec. 39. Wrightianus, Koninck, ib. 199. corallii, Sow. S. S. 612. Euomphalua alatus, Hie. Let. Suec. 36. Lloydii, Sow. S. S. 619. carinatus, Sow. S. S. 616. torquata, M'Coy, P. F. 294. discors, Sow. M. C t. 62. Natica parva, Sow. S. S. 612- funatus, Sow. M. C. t. 450. Pleurotomaria balteata, Phil. M. G. S. sculptus, Sow. S. S. 626. 2. 358. rugosus, Sow. M. C. t. 52. crenulata, M'Coy, P. F. 291. lautus, M'Coy, S- F. p. 14. undata, Sow. S. S- 619. tricinctus, M'Coy, S. F. 14. Trochus cwlatulus, M'Coy, P.. F. 290. Holopella cancellata, Sow. S. S. 042. ? helicites, Sow. Sil. 250. conica, Sow. S. S. C04. Turbo cirrhosus, Sow. Sil. 256. gracilior, M'Coy, P. F. 303. corallii, Sow. S. S. 612. grogaria, Sow. sp. P. F. 303. octavia, d'Orb. Prod. p. 30. intermedia, M'Coy, P. F. 804. Williamsi, Sow. Sil. 256.

PTEBOPODA. Conularia Sowerbii, Defiance, Cyrtolites lcevis, Sow. Sil. 257. (C. quadritulcata), S. S. 626. Theca anecps, SaZ(. M. G. S. 2. 355. Subtilis, Salter, P. F. 288. Forbeuii, Sharps, G. J. 2. 311.

HETEBOPODA. Bellerophon expansus, Sow. 8. S. 613. Bellcrophon Murehisonii, d'Orb. Sil. carinatus, Sow. Sil. 257. 257. dilatatus, Sow. Sil. 257. trilobatus, Sow. Sil. 257. Wenlockensis, Sow. Sil. 257. CEPHALOPODA. Ascoceras Barrandii, Salt, Sil. 253. Phragmoceraa arcuatum, Sow. S. S. Actinoceras Brightii, Sow. S. S. 626. 621. ? nummularium, -Sow. S. S. 632. pompressum, Soii'. S. S. p. 62}, MOEEIS~BRITISH FOSSILS. 283

Phragmoceras intermedium, M'Coy, P. Orthoceras oxcentricum, Sow. S. S. GSl. F. 322. filostim, Sow. Sil. 258. nautileum, Sow. Sil. 258. fimbriatum, Sow. S. S. 620. pyriforme, Sow. Sil. 268. gregareum, Sow. S. S. 616. ventricosum, Sow. Sil. 258. imbricatum, Wahl. Sil. 258. Lituitesarticulatus, Sow. S. S. 622. ibex, Sow. Sil. 258. Biddulphii, Sow. S. S. 626. laqueatum, Hall, P. N. Y. 1.13. giganteus, Sow. Sil. 259. Ludense, Sow. Sil. 258. tortuosus, Sow. S. S. 626. Maclareni, Salt. Sil. 176. Orthoceras annnlatum, Sow, M. C. t. Mocktrecnse, Sow. S. S. 258. 133. primjBvum, Forbes, Sil. 258. angulatum, Wahl. Sil. 258. perelegans, &«. M. G. S. 2. 354. articulatum, (Sow. S. S. 613. semipartitum, Sow. S. S. 674. attcnuatum, Sow. S. S. 632. substriatum, d'Orb. Prod. 54. bullatum, Sow. Sil. 258. subunrtalatum, Portl. G. R. 373. canalioulatum, Sow. Sil. 258. subgregarium, 31' Coy, S. F. p. 9. centrale, His. Let. Suee. 29. tenuiannulatum, 31'Coy, V. F. 320. circulare, /Sow. M. C. 29. tenuicinctum, Portl. O. R. 371, conioum, His. Let. Sueo. 29. tracheale, Sow S. S. 604, dimidiatum, Sow. Sil. 258. , Hall, P. N. Y. 1.201. distans, -Sow. S. S. 619. SEDIS INCESTS!. Ischadites Kcenigi, S. S. 697. Spongarium Edwardsi, Murch, S. S. Spongarium equistriatum, M'Coy, P. 696. P. 42. interlineatum, M'Coy, P. F. 43. interruptum, M'Coy, P. F. 43. [For the Fishes, see " Tikslones," p. 286.] WENLOCK GROUP. LOOAHTIES OF THE TARANNON SlIALES. These rocks, which are sometimes shales, occasionally hard and slaty, and containing but few fossils, occupy an intermediate place between the Llandovery beds and the overlying Denbigh grits and shales. Near Llandovery; New Bridge and at Tarannon, between Llanbrynmaer and Llandiloes, in Montgomeryshire. Localities- of Denbigh Booh.—These bods consist of sandstones, grits, shales, and flagstones, usually presenting a slaty cleavage. Marloes Bay, Pembrokeshire; near Bala, near Llanbister, Kadnor- shire; Berwyns, Denbighshire. Tho fossils are chiefly 'YVenlock species, Chonetes lata, Spirifer trapezoidalis, Cueullella ovata, Murchi- sonia Lloydii, Bellerophon carinatus, Arthocoras annulatum. Localities of WoolAqpe .—A variable deposit of grey lime- . stone, either thick-bedded or nodular, and subordinate to beds of shale. This bed and the Denbigh grits are considered by Sir E. Murohison to be simply lithological varieties of the lower portion of the "Wenloek formation (Siluria, p. 116). Corton, near Presteign, Nash Scar, Old Kadnor, "VVoolhopc, Hayhcad, near Walsall, Colmer's End. Fossils.—Orbicula Forbesi, Strophomena imbrex, S. pecten, Spirifer elcvatus, S. trapezoidalis, Euomphakis sculptus, Orthoceras annulatum, . % 2 284 THE GEOLOGIST. Cornulites serpularius, Bumastus Barriensis, Homalonotus delphinocc- phalus. Localities of Wenlock Shales.—Malvern and "Woolhope districts; Apesdale, escarpment of "Wenlock Edge; banks of the Severn, near Coalbrook Dale. Fossils.—Cyathophyllum turbinatum, Eavosites alveolaris, Stenopora fibrosa, Obolus transversus, Athyris tumida, Leptama laevigata, L. trans- versalis, Orthis biloba, 0. hybrida, 0. rustica, Pentamerus linguifer, Rhynchonella deflexa, 11. depressa, E. sphajrica, Modiola antiqua, Mytilus exasperatus, M. mytilirneris, Capulus haliotes, Turbo cirrhosus, Bellerophon dilatatus, Lituites Biddulphi, L. articulatus, Orthoceras subundalatum, 0. primsevum, Calymeno tuberculosa, Encrinurus punctatus, E. variolaris, Phacops caudatus. Localities of Wenloeh .—Wenlock and Benthall Edge, Gliddon Hill, Dudley, Malvern, May Hill, TJsk, "Woolhope dibtricts. Fossils, Corals.—Favosites Gythlandicus, &c, Halysites catenulatus, Heliolites insterstinctus, Stenopora fibrosa, Omphyma turbinata. Shells.—Atrypa reticularis, Betzia cuneata, Ehynchonella borealis, E. nucula, Leptrena transversalis, Orthis rustica, 0. elegantula, Spirifer plicatilis, Strophomena euglypha, S. depressa, Avicula reticulata, Pterinea planulata, P. retroflexa, Euomphalus rugosus, E. funatus, Bellerophon "Wenlockensis, Conularia Sowerbii, Orthoceras annulatum, 0. Brightii. Trilolites.—Calymene Blumenbachii, Encrinurus variolaris, E. punc­ tatus, Phacops Downingiee, P. caudatus, P. Stokesii. GROUP. The upper and lower Ludlow rocks consist of sandstones, shales, and mudstones, separated in some localities by an intermediate grey, argillaceous shale and a nodular calcareous band—the Aymestry lime­ stone. Localities of Lower Ludlow.—Woolhope and Malvern districts; Led­ bury, near Eastnor Castle, Mary Knoll Dingle, Ludlow ; Park lane, Llandeilo; Leintwardine, Shropshire. Characteristic Fossils.—Lingulalata, Strophomena euglypha, Leptsena levigata, Cardiola interrupta, C. striata, Ctenodonta sulcata, Cucullella coarctata, Orthonota rigida, 0. solenoides, Lituites giganteus, Orthoceras Ludense, 0. filosum, Phragmoceras pyriforme, P. ventricosum, P. ar- MORRIS —BRITISH FOSSILS. 285 cuatum, Murchisonia Lloydii, Pleurotomaria caudata, Palfeocoma Marstoni, P. Colvini, Protaster Miltoni, Pterygotus punctatus. Localities of .—Ledbury, Frith "Wood, Malvern district; Whiteway Head, Aymestry; Lye "Waste, Sedgley; "Woolhope and Ludlow; Usk, Monmouthshire. Characteristic fossils.—Pentamerus Knightii, Bhynchonella Wilsoni, H. navioula, Atrypa reticularis, Lingula Lewisii, Strophomena euglypha, Leptsena laevigata, Pterinea Sowerbyi, P. hians, Orthonota rotundata, Murchisonia cingulata, Euomphalus carinatus, Orthoceras Mocktreense. Localities of the Upper Ludlow.—Ledbury, Frith "Wood, Mathon court, Malvern district. Ludlow, near Kington ; Abberley hill; west flank of May Hill; Presteign, Radnorshire; south of Builth, Brecknock­ shire; near Usk, Monmouthshire. Benson Knot, Kirkby Moor, Kendal, TJnderbarrow, "Westmoreland. Characteristic fossils. — Chonetes (Leptsena) lata, Orthis lunata, 0. orbicularis, Orbicula rugata, Goniophora cymboeformis, Pterinea lineatula, P. retroflexa, P. tenuistriata, Nucula subaequalis, Grammysia cingulata, Orthonota amygdalina (0. retusa), Modiolopsis complanata, M. solenoides, Avicula Danbyi, A. ampliata, Turbo corallii, T. undifer, Murchisonia corallii, Holopella gregaria, H. intermedia, Orthoceras angulatum, 0. ibex, 0. bullatum, Ascoceras Barrandii, Bellerophon expansus, Ceratiocaris solenoides, Proetus latifrons, Homalonotus Knightii, Pterygotus problematicus, Serpulites longissimus.

FOSSILS OF THE TILESTONES, &c. PLANM. Actinophyllilm plicatum, Phil. M. G. S. Lycopodiaceae, seeds of, Hooker, G. J. 2. p. 386. ix. 8. BRACHIOPODA. Lingula cornea, Sow. Sil. 150. GASTEROPODA. Trochns helicites, Sow. .S S. 156. CRUSTACEA. Beyrichia Kloedeni, M'Coy, P. F. 156. Pterygotus Anglicus, Ag. Sil. p. 155. Ceratiocaris, (Leptocheki) (with Parka decipiens as the ova, Murchisoni, M'Coy, Sil. 263. Salter). Eurypterus acuminatus, Salter, G. J. Banksii, Salt. G.J. 12. p. 101. (1858). bilobus, Salt. G. J. 12. p. 30. abbreviate, Salt. G. J. (1858). gigas, Salter, G. J. 12. p. 30. linearis, Salter, G. J. (1858). lahceolatus, Salt. G. J. 12. p. 32. megalops, Salter, G. J. (1858). mascimus, Salt. G. J. 12. p. 29. pygmams, Salter, G. J. 12. p. 101. perornatus, Salt. G. J. 12. p. 31. Pterygotus (Himantopterus) Leperditia marginata ?, Keys. A. N. H. acuminatus, Salter, G. J. 12. p. 29. 17. 95. 286 THE GEOlOGISf.

FISHES. Auchenaspis Salteri, Eg. G. J. 13. Pleotrodus mirabilis, Ag. S. S. 606 286. 704. Cephalaspis Murchisonl, Eg. G. J. 13. pustuliferus, Ag. S. S. 605. 284. Pteraspis Banksii, Huxley and Salter ornatus, Eg. G. J. 13. 285. Geel. Jour. 12. p. 100. Onchus Murchisoni, Ag. S. S. 607. 703. truncates, ttt G. J. 12. p. 100. tenuistriatus, Ag. S. S. 607. 703. Sphagodus, Ag. S. S. 606. (Shagreen of Onchus ? Thelodus Ag. fide Salter). Localities of Tilestones and associated Roch.—Kington, Ludford, near Ludlow, Bradnor Hill, Old Eadnor, Hagley Park, Downton Castle, Tin Mill, Brockhill and Hales End, near Malvern, Hole Farm, Abberley, Terton, near Stoke Edith, 'Woolhope district, east of Llangadock. Lesmahago, Lanarkshire. (To be continued.)

THE COMMON FOSSILS OF THE BEITISH EOCKS. BY S. J. MACKIE, ESQ., F.G.S., F.S.A., &c, &c.

CHAPTER III. The Remnants of the First Life world and the Bottom Bocks. (Continued from page 241.) THE divisional line of the '' Bottom Rocks" is not, however, to be placed at the point at which life first appears. This great series is naturally divided by differences of mineral conditions, by order of deposition, and in reality of age, in our own country, and in other countries both of Europe and America, and apparently also,- as far as our present information goes, in Asia and Africa. In Canada, below the equivalents of our Shropshire " Bottom Bocks" and of our lower Cambrian beds, as in the Highlands of , as we have already obtained, are still more ancient beds of sedimentary origin, which have become crystalline. In Bohemia, in Finland, and in Scan­ dinavia we have these primeval gncissic lands below the lowermost Silurian deposits ; but the geologists generally of other countries, except, the Canadian, have not yet made much progress in this investigation, and it is only in very few instances that the distinctions between the older and younger gneiss have been noticed; and so little regard as to geological age has been ordinarily paid in the case of granitic rocks, that, knowing as we do the very various periods at which some of those