PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES 3/2010

 AESA RADAR LAUNCHED  NEW HELMET IN SERVICE  TYPHOON: THE ARCTIC FIGHTER

Leader of Forces

Typhoon: Operational with six air forces, the aircraft offers total multi role dominance. delivers unparalleled fleet effectiveness. Designed with an established technology insertion programme - from AESA radar and innovative latest generation helmet mounted symbology system to advanced air-to-air and air-to-ground weapon systems - the Typhoon is able to counter effectively all TOTAL FORCE ! current and evolving threats and will continue at the forefront of combat aircraft for future decades. EUROFIGHTER REACHES THE REALMS OF F-22

www.eurofighter.com nothing comes close 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD EDITORIAL 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 3

CONTENTS

08 Enzo Casolini CEO Eurofighter GmbH TYPHOON VS RAPTOR Welcome to another ment of a latest generation Active Electronically 03 EDITORIAL FROM ENZO CASOLINI, CEO EUROFIGHTER GMBH edition of the Scanned Array (AESA) radar during Farnborough. Eurofighter World The programme is working towards a 2015 04 EUROFIGHTER NEWS magazine, our third of in-service release date and will build on the 2010. The magazine exceptional capabilities of our current 08 EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON REACHES THE REALMS OF F-22 RAPTOR has been a real Mechanically Scanned (M-Scan) radar. success since its 14 THE LATEST GENERATION AESA RADAR BEGINS DEVELOPMENT launch at the start of this year and has not only included all the 14 14 A PILOT’S PERSPECTIVE ON THE PROSPECT OF latest Eurofighter news but has been making WIDE FIELD OF REGARD AESA RADAR the headlines too. Our ‘What is a 5th EUROFIGHTER AND Generation fighter?’ feature caused much EURORADAR TO DEVELOP 15 AESA TECHNOLOGY debate across and defence forums LATEST GENERATION prompting a presentation by the brains behind AESA RADAR 16 HELMET MAKES HEADLINES the article to a selection of trade media at Farnborough International Air Show in July. As 16 NAT MAKEPEACE - INTERVIEW you can see from the picture to the side, even the Indian Defence Minister Pallum Ragu 18 AVIO AND THE EJ200 FOR THE EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON took some time to read the magazine during a visit to our impressive pavilion and full scale 20 THE ARCTIC FIGHTER replica at Farnborough. The success of the magazine reflects the 23 SUPPLY CHAIN FOCUS success of the Eurofighter programme over Eurofighter World is published by the course of the year. We attended both ILA 23 INSIDE A EUROFIGHTER AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT Eurofighter GmbH, PR & Communications Berlin and Farnborough International in the Am Söldnermoos 17, 85399 Hallbergmoos Tel: +49 (0) 811-80 1587 summer months with a wide variety of expect- [email protected] ed and unexpected visitors showing an The Indian Defence Minister Pallum Ragu reads Editorial Team interest in the aircraft. We have achieved our magazine at Farnborough Air Show Marco Valerio Bonelli many significant milestones over the past few Kathryn Holm months, including the delivery of the 300th Martina Schmidmeir Axel Haeger-Carrion right Typhoon wing in Spain, two new Typhoon After these successes, it is important that I squadrons were introduced at RAF Leuchars mention the first fatal accident of a Eurofighter Photography Eurofighter GmbH, Eurofighter Partner Companies and Gioia del Colle, there has been a steady Typhoon which occurred at Morón Air Base in

Geoffrey Lee, Planefocus EDITORIAL flow of aircraft deliveries to customers (over August. I speak not only for myself but on German Air Force 236 at going to print) and we were able to behalf of everyone working on the Eurofighter Berit Recklebe Title: announce exciting news for the programme. programme when I send our deepest sympa- Veronica Basty Eurofighter Typhoon fully loaded The hotly anticipated Helmet Mounted thies to the family and friends of the pilot that BAE Systems over Farnborough International 2010 Alvise Predieri Symbology System (HMSS) was introduced to lost his life. Eurofighter will continue to offer Lockheed Martin Photography: Eurofighter - Geoffrey Lee all four core nation Air Forces who began every support to the Spanish Ministry of taking delivery of the new equipment in July. Defence as the investigation continues into Design & Production To celebrate this fact, Eurofighter test pilot the crash. images.art.design. Werbeagentur GmbH Nat Makepeace flew the newly in-service www.iad-design.de helmet daily in his ‘fully loaded’ air display Please enjoy the magazine and here’s to a Printed by during Farnborough. Nat has provided very successful rest of 2010. ESTA Druck GmbH www.esta-druck.de Eurofighter World with an interview reviewing the performance of the HMSS in this edition. Enzo Casolini Eurofighter World on the Internet www.eurofighter.com Vitally, Eurofighter and its Partner Nations CEO Eurofighter GmbH Follow us on: announced the launch of full scale develop-

If you would like to request additional copies of Eurofighter World, please contact the PR & Communications Department at Eurofighter GmbH [email protected]

October 2010 4 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER NEWS EUROFIGHTER NEWS 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 5

A NEW ITALIAN AIR FORCE SQUADRON EUROFIGHTER CELEBRATE THE 50TH The Eurofighter Typhoon stand at the PIESTANY NATIONAL AIR DAYS IN ANNIVERSARY OF THE FRECCE TRICOLORIshow was one of the main pivots of the visi- SLOVAKIA - THE UNIQUE AIR SHOW IN THE EQUIPPED WITH THE EUROFIGHTER  Eurofighter Typhoon celebrated the tors at Rivolto. Placed centrally at the show, CENTRE OF EUROPE 50th anniversary of the at the stand was right next to the two static  In May 2010 Eurofighter travelled into Rivolto airshow which took place on the displays of the Typhoon and therefore an the heartland of Europe to attend the fourth  The X Gruppo of the Italian Air Force 11th - 12th of September in the Northeast- eye catcher. Piestany National Air Days, officially called has become the fourth Italian Squadron to ern Italian Air Force Base. Rivolto was not ‘Narodne Letecke Dni’ in Slovakian. This be equipped with the Eurofighter Typhoon. only a massive event (around 500,000 visi- EUROFIGHTER AND JUNKERS LAUNCHyear A saw Eurofighter Typhoon’s debut at the NEWS NEWS NEWS NEWS The Squadron (X stands for 10 in Roman tors in 2 days), but also a successful one, as NEW WATCH show which is located 90 kilometres north numerals), is the lots of acrobatic national teams, such as Pa-  Eurofighter joined forces with the fa- east from the Slovakian capital of Bratislava. heir of World War I trouille de France, , Patrul- mous watch makers Junkers, who design Eurofighter GmbH proudly demonstrated ace Francesco la Águila, Biało-Czerwone Iskry, the Polish watches for elite pilots, to create a limited the power and agility of the Typhoon at this Baracca, from whom Air Forces aerobatic team, the , edition Eurofighter Typhoon watch. Junkers special air show which is surrounded by the they adopted the Krila Oluje (Wings of Storm) the Croatian is known for high tech, high performance, black "prancing Air Forces aerobatic team, the Breitling Jet affordability and excellent quality which are horse" emblem. Team, the and of characteristics associated closely with the Previously equipped Pilots from X Gruppo at the handover ceremony at Gioia del Colle course the Frecce Tricolori themselves, Eurofighter with F-16 fighters were on display. Typhoon. The and based at Tra- The symbolic new start of the “Prancing craft. Following the F-104 came the Tornado The Italian Air Force’s Eurofighter Ty- limited series of pani, in Sicily, the Horse”, took place during a ceremony in that in the recent past equipped both phoon from the "Reparto Sperimentale di the Eurofighter- Gruppo has now Gioia del Colle that saw a fly past of a mixed Squadrons with two versions of the attack Volo" of Pratica di Mare, was on flying dis- Junkers watch will moved to Gioia del formation of Eurofighter and F-16’s, marking variant, IDS and the air defense variant, play over both days of the event, just before be engraved with Colle, joining the the handover from ”Viper” to “Typhoon”. ADV. The X Gruppo Eurofighters will join the Frecce Tricolori and therefore almost the edition, the XII Gruppo of the The large air base of Gioia del Colle, the XII Gruppo’s jets in air policing and air everybody was on the side of the runaway Eurofighter 36th Stormo (Wing) situated on ’s heel, close to the town of defence missions, 24 hours-a-day, 7 days a to witness the impressive and much ac- Typhoon logo and which is already Bari, was used to host a Wing made up of week, including the role of protecting the claimed show. the Junkers symbol flying the European two Squadrons. In the '70s and '80s the air space over the skies of Albania. on the back of the fighter. 36th Stormo was equipped with F-104 air- encasement.

The Italian Ambassador in Slovakia, Brunella Borzi Cornacchia and the Alenia test pilot Matteo Maurizio

300TH EUROFIGHTER WING A benefit to the Luftwaffe’s operations in the German detachment - It is better to be 6 SQUADRON TYPHOONS ARRIVE beautiful scenery of the old spa town, home MANUFACTURED IN SPAIN “Deci” was the large area of free air-space prepared for all potential scenarios". to the country’s historical aeronautical mu-  Another keystone in the life of the that allowed supersonic flight and unlimit- Andrea Truppo, Chief of Operations from AT RAF LEUCHARS seum. Piestany boasts a proud history of largest European industrial collaborative ed manoeuvres to take place over the the 4th Stormo, said: “During the exercise aviation and this year’s show continued the programme was accomplished in July when Tyrrhenian Sea, which is within the vicinity we flew four Eurofighters, supporting the Slovak aviation legacy on the weekend of EADS Defence & Security's facilities in of Grosseto Air Base on the Tuscan coast. Luftwaffe aircraft that were ‘playing out’ all the 29th and 30th of May with an over- Getafe, Spain, celebrated the delivery of the The Italian Eurofighters of the 4th Stormo possible scenarios. We were flying ‘with’ whelming number of visitors – some 50,000 300th right Eurofighter Typhoon wing. were happy to ‘clash’ daily with their Ger- them and ‘against’ them so that it was pos- who came from across Europe to be part of The composite material wing (more than man colleagues in a variety of air-to-air en- sible to validate all tactics and procedures. the event. 80 percent of Eurofighter is made in com- counters, that ranged from the BVR (Beyond The final result we obtained was a very Underlining the strong European focus at posite materials), will be integrated in the Visual Range) combat, up to the very short high degree of standardisation and of opera- the show, two Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft twin-seat Eurofighter G021 destined for the range combat, where the battle is often de- tional integration”. This is certainly one of participated, one from Italy, piloted by the German Air Force that will be assembled at cided by the cannon. The Eurofighter is not the benefits that the Eurofighter has Alenia Aeronautica test pilot Matteo Maur- EADS facilities in Manching, . only the best performing aircraft at high brought to the air forces in Europe: A com- izio and the second from first export cus- Having created 22,000 direct and indirect altitude or in high-speed competitions, but mon platform, common systems, common tomer Austria. The Austrian Air Force jet jobs for highly qualified employees in is also a master in agility and manoeuvra- training, common logistics and ground sup- delivered several high speed passes over Spain, Eurofighter Typhoon continues to bility. "You can never know which kind of port so the costs are reduced but the effi- the runway of Piestany airport before climb- boost the European defence sector and threat you could be forced to face - said Lt. ciency and effectiveness increases. ing vertically to high altitude and returning strengthens the technological impact both Col. Gerd Estendorfer, the Commander of to its home base in Zeltweg, around 350 nationally and internationally. NEW EUROFIGHTER VIDEO: kilometres from Piestany. THE BEST EXAMPLE OF PARTNERSHIP In Slovakia, the Eurofighter Typhoon is BETWEEN EUROPEAN NATIONS PARTNERSHIP IN ACTION:  Eurofighter Typhoon celebrated operat- cluding Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen acknowledged as being the ideal solution LUFTWAFFE OPERATIONS IN DECI  Eurofighter Typhoon commemorated ing at an 11th Air Force base as 6 Squadron Dalton. The display symbolised the past, for the replacement of the Slovak Air  The Eurofighter showed better opera- the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Britain settled into their new home at RAF Leuchars present and future of the base as well as Force’s MiG-29 fleet which in the medium tional readiness than any other combat air- with a short film of the Typhoon and it's in Fife, Scotland. commemorating the Battle of Britain term has to be replaced with a more modern craft in service with the Luftwaffe, achiev- classic British counterparts, the Spitfire The new Typhoon Squadron landed achievements 70 years on. 6 Squadron, the defence system. ing 80 per cent readiness during their 2010 and Hurricane. during the annual air show in September last RAF Squadron to fly the Jaguar, was The European solution offered by Eurofight- summer deployment of JG 73 (based in The Eurofighter Typhoon represents the and will be the backbone of Britain’s North- reformed after three years with the er would not only provide the Slovakian Air Laage, Rostock) in Decimomannu, Sardinia. perfect example of what can be achieved ern air policing Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) Typhoon and relocated from RAF Coningsby. Force with a highly capable combat and de- 16 aircraft and 300 people from Laage through European cooperation and how the force, replacing the Tornado F3 of 111 The new Typhoon squadron is the first of fence aircraft, but it can also help to sustain were involved in the exercise. The mission: partnership between Germany, Italy, Spain Squadron. three planned at the base and will take over and develop the capabilities of the Slova- High value air combat training. A group of and the today produces The stand up of the Typhoon squadron QRA duties in March 2011. 6 Squadron will kian defence industry and its skilled work- aircraft from the wing spent one month un- the world’s most advanced new generation was celebrated with an iconic fly past com- now spend the next few months training force, including industrial partnerships, der the Sardinian skies in order to fine tune fighter jet. prising of a Spitfire, Tornado F3 and the and reaching combat readiness in prepara- associated transfer of technology, and the tactics, complete pilot training and test the Watch the film online now at: Typhoon in front of thousands of visitors in- tion for the handover of responsibilities offer of strong bilateral economic benefits logistical structure of the wing. http://www.eurofighter.com/media/video-library K.H. across Europe. M.S. 6 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER NEWS EUROFIGHTER NEWS 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 7

ILA BERLIN. FARNBOROUGH INTERNATIONAL. RIAT. From left to right - Gerhard Filchner, Erwin Obermeier, Ludwig Dorn celebrate delivery of the new Radome

EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON: EUROFIGHTER FOR BULGARIA OUTWARDLY FOCUSED THE PERFECT SOLUTION FOR POLAND In the middle of September 2010, MSPO 2010 exhibition at Kielce Bulgarian Defence Minister Anyu Angelov  Eurofighter continued its season of au- stated that the tender for the procurement tumn shows with a large presence in Kielce, of 16 new fighter jets in Bulgaria will be Poland as the international defence consor- announced at the beginning of 2011 with tium develops further its relationships the new aircraft being selected by the NEWS NEWS across Europe. Eurofighter Typhoon had a middle of 2012. first time presence at the 18th International Bulgaria, being a full member of NATO Defence Industry Exhibition (MSPO) which since 2004, has launched a challenging began on Monday the 6th September and armed forces modernisation programme to ran through to the 9th. The well attended meet the requirements of the organisation. event saw over 360 exhibitors representing Having already procured Army vehicles; a wide variety of nations and the Eurofight- helicopters; transport aircraft and ships; the er exhibit drew in many of them. new multi-role fighter is the latest capabili- With a potential future requirement for a ty to be tendered. Typhoon at  Eurofighter Typhoon is the most suc- 200 of those aircraft, Eurofighter Typhoon new multi-role aircraft that provides the The Bulgarian government announced Farnborough cessful new generation multi-role combat unsurprisingly turned its attentions to ex- with a long-term deterrent, that it will choose between the F-16, Gripen, A NEW “NOSE” FOR THE EUROFIGHTER International PROTOTYPE 2010 aircraft in European aerospace with 707 port over the summer months and in doing Eurofighter and its partner companies: or Eurofighter Typhoon jets. Bulgaria has units on order across six nations. Interna- so, made sure they were present at a host of BAE Systems, EADS and Alenia Aeronauti- said that they expect to begin taking deliv-  The Eurofighter DA1 made its maiden tional market forecasts show a need for key air shows. ca, can offer significant benefits for Polish ery of the aircraft by 2015. The country is flight at EADS’ Manching test facility, Ger- more than 800 fighters over the next 20 Biennial air shows ILA Berlin in June industry including industrial partnerships, looking to replace its ageing MiG-29 fleet many, on 27 March 1994 and was decom- years. With a potential to supply at least and Farnborough International in July saw associated transfer of technology, and the and is especially focusing its requirements missioned on 21 December 2005. the full Eurofighter team out to meet and both trade and public visitors that the offer of strong bilateral economic benefits on full interoperability with other NATO The Eurofighter prototype had been on greet delegations from around the world. Typhoon is agile regardless of weapon load, across Europe. forces. displayed since 2007 in the Schleissheimer In Berlin, a live EJ200 engine change drew pulling up to an impressive 5.5g and in The Eurofighter exhibit at MSPO dis- In order to build on the long term, close museum, without its original radome. The in the crowds as a joint team from the Luft- excess of a 20 degree angle of attack. Most played a selection of current and future relationship between the German Luftwaffe only solution for the Museum was to build a EUROFIGHTER BUILDS LINKS WITH THEwaffe and EADS carried out the technical air displays are achieved by reducing fuel capabilities on the aircraft including the and the Bulgarian Air Force, Eurofighter makeshift radome, similar to the original CZECH REPUBLIC procedures and was the first time such a and weapon loads, however with this newly in-service Helmet Mounted Symbolo- attended the 9th International Defence one. With the help of NETMA, BAE Systems The Typhoon attended both Hradec Králové and process has been undertaken in public. display, IPA 5 was able to demonstrate sig- gy System (HMSS) and the recently an- Equipment Exhibition HEMUS at Plovdiv, and EADS Manching, Eurofighter was able Ostrava Air Shows Major Sebastian Taubert from the German nificant weapon carriage and manoeuvrabil- nounced Active Electronically Scanned Bulgaria in May and was a major attraction to donate a real radome which has been in- Luftwaffe was on hand to talk visitors ity whilst still being able to demonstrate Array (AESA) Radar. on site. stalled on the DA1 aircraft, to the museum.  September saw Eurofighter Typhoon venture through the process and explain how it carefree handling for the pilot. to the Czech Republic to attend two key European takes only four skilled crew members to In addition to the air display, two more air shows held in the country. With a potential re- carry out the switch and can be completed Eurofighters Typhoons were on the ground quirement for a new, more capable and fully NATO under operational conditions in less than at the show. An Italian Air Force aircraft compatible fighter to replace the Air Force’s exist- 45 minutes. was on static display at the Finmeccanica ing leased JAS 39 Gripen fleet, Eurofighter is keen At Farnborough International, Typhoon stand and a mock-up Eurofighter was to build a lasting relationship with the Czech Air made a rare demonstration of its unrivalled outside the Eurofighter pavilion for visitors Force and Czech industry as well as familiarise the agility and engine power with a full weapon to sit in the cockpit. EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON: public with the World’s most advanced new gener- load air display. In total, two Typhoon jets At centre stage of the large Eurofighter THE HEIR TO A CENTURY OF AIR POWER ation multi-role combat aircraft. took part in the show’s daily display of air pavilion were the aircraft’s new capabilities, Starting off the month was the Czech Interna- capabilities, one from RAF’s 29 Squadron the newly in-service Helmet Mounted Sym- tional Air Festival (CIAF) which is held over the which flew ‘clean’ as with all display air- bology System (HMSS) manufactured by  Eurofighter Typhoon launched a series with contributions from a selec- weekend of the 4th and 5th September at Hradec craft, and the second, a Warton based UK BAE Systems Rochester and the Euroradar of heritage documentaries tracing the tech- tion of aviation experts. The cat- Králové and saw an operational German Eurofight- development jet (IPA 5) which took off im- AESA Active Electronically Scanned Array nological development of high-tech military alogue of aircraft featured in- er Typhoon on static display. mediately after the RAF aircraft landed, radar which was announced during Farn- aviation in Europe in July. cludes the classic British Spit- Secondly, over the 18th-19th September was the flying with a full weapon configuration borough as having begun full scale develop- The films are available to watch online at fire and Meteor - the first 10th annual NATO Days event in Ostrava which rarely seen at air shows. ment on the 1st July. The radar drew a great www.eurofighter.com. operational jet in RAF squadron boasts being the largest air, army and security IPA 5 flew with all 13 hard points occu- deal of interest during both shows and on Four versions were launched simultane- service, the Spad XIII which in show in Central Europe. In addition to a strong pied in a full swing-role configuration, in- hand to provide briefings to guests were ously featuring the specific aviation histories tandem with the Schneider Cup Czech presence, like in Hradec Králové, there was cluding four Paveway II laser guided bombs, Euroradar representatives who are develop- from the core partner countries of the UK, idros became symbols of pride an international array of exhibitors ranging from three fuel tanks, four AMRAAMs (Advanced ing this new generation capability. These Germany, Italy and Spain. All provide a 10 and capability for the Italian the US and France, to Romania, Hungary, Poland, Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles) and two were alongside other future/enhanced capa- minute insight into these leading aviation aerospace industry. The ‘Rata’ and the UK. In both air shows Eurofighter held ASRAAMs (Advanced Short Range Air-to- bilities, such as the EUROJET thrust vector- nations and each in their native tongue. The from the Spanish Civil War is stands that attracted aviation fans and professional Air Missiles). The display highlighted to ing nozzle and the Meteor air-to-air missile. documentaries explore the timeline from the featured as well as the First visitors. Our annual attendance at the Royal first combat aircraft in the early 1900’s, cul- World War fighter aircraft The European solution offered by the Eurofight- International Air Tattoo (RIAT) at Fairford, minating in the introduction into service of Fokker Dr.I and the Bf 109 - the er Typhoon could help to sustain and develop the in July, saw a Eurofighter sponsored aircrew the World’s most advanced, multi-role com- first modern German fighter of capabilities of the Czech defence industry and enclosure in the year that the UK celebrated bat aircraft: the Eurofighter Typhoon. The the 1930s – and the Me 262, all The Typhoon and Meteor jets fly above the British develop its skilled workforce. Through internation- 70 years since the Battle of Britain. The aircraft is the latest product in an evolution- the first operational fighter jet, icons of countryside al collaboration and a designated technology inser- 2010 RAF Typhoon display pilot Tim Clements ary process of elite manufacturing, materi- fighter technology evolution. tion programme, involvement in the Typhoon pro- put on a powerful show of capabilities dur- als, equipments, capabilities and weapons. All aircraft featured are representative of evolution of manufacturing and technologi- gramme would ensure the nation’s air force flies ing the event, with a polished air display The documentaries were filmed at vari- pushing back the frontiers of advanced cal processes in Europe that began with the the most advance new generation aircraft for the over the weekend. ous locations across the four nations includ- aerospace technology, and the present-day first of its above named predecessors. coming decades. K.H. ing air force bases and aviation museums Typhoon has been able to benefit from the K.H. K.H. 8 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD MARKET ANALYSIS MARKET ANALYSIS 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 9

The last five percent of the perfor- Eurofighter Typhoon EUROFIGHTER REACHESmance may be worth over thirty percent of the cost – the issue is to THE REALMS OF THE F-22understand that.

TYPHOON F-22 Raptor SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES Reference Threat Flanker Flanker Thrust-to-Weight Ratio >1.10 >1.10 EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON AND F-22Wing Loading [kg/m2] <330 <350 Fuel Fraction ≈0.30 ≈0.30 SQUARE UP High Altitude Operations [ft] >55,000 >55,000 High Supersonic Manoeuvrability Key Driver Key Driver High Subsonic Manoeuvrability YES YES Supercruise YES Key Driver Optimal Missile Loadout 6M+2S 6M+2S

Radar Mech/AESA AESA Radar Side Arrays (Wide GoV) Wide FoV Cancelled FLIR / IRST (Passive) YES Cancelled F-22 Raptor ESM (Passive) YES YES + Networking Capability Full Rx Only (Now) Survivability Concept Balanced VLO

Cost to Procure Operative Production Plans $702 vs $620 $187 vs $750

KEY AIR VEHICLE DESIGN RATIOS ALMOST IDENTICAL: Thrust-to-Weight Ratio >1.10 >1.10 Thrust-to-Weight Ratio >1.10 >1.10 Fuel Fraction ≈0.30 ≈0.30

BIG PENALTY: Zero Fuel Mass 12t vs 20t he combination of high kinematic per- It is now evident that the boundaries During the Cold War, the NATO-Warsaw Internal Fuel 5t vs 9t formance, new generation multi-spec- between the 4th and 5th generation classifi- Pact confrontation was the most dominant Thrust required 40,000lb vs 70,000lb Ttral sensor suite and formidable fire- cations are sometimes too rigid and threat in terms of the requirements driving Wing Area 50m2 vs 78m2 power, positions Typhoon well above any schematic to reflect the real capabilities of a the design of fighter aircraft. The genesis of other fighter available on the market. weapon system. This was particularly the the Eurofighter Typhoon and of the F-22A F-22: ‘Best in class’; ‘Number 1 rating’; ‘Better case for Eurofighter Typhoon, which ex- Raptor can be traced back to a common con- Much bigger cost and fleet effectiveness’: Are they sim- hibits all the qualities of a 5th generation ceptual thinking: quality vs. quantity; air & Heavier ply slogans in the fighter arena? Some con- fighter with the exception of Very Low Ob- dominance as the foundation and premise & $$$$ siderations need to be made. servability (VLO) yet is well above the lega- for overall military success; considerable cy 4th generation platforms in all other margin of superiority vs. the highest threat. measures of performance. (Eurofighter Two different solutions were pursued: The F-22 Raptor World 02/2010; pg 16) with many similarities, but also with some It was also evident that, scoring Typhoon key differences. The end result: on one side against the ‘admission criteria’ of the 5th the ultimate gold-plated solution which the maximum energy level (speed and alti- formance to the highest levels allowed by Significant to note however is the fact generation club, would produce a much eventually becomes unaffordable even for tude, but also acceleration and supersonic technological know-how. Thus the end re- that where the Raptor needs 70,000-lb of higher compliance than, let’s say, the JSF the most powerful nation on earth, and on manoeuvrability) to achieve the highest sult is a higher capability platform than one thrust and has an empty weight of about F-35, which is heavily marketed as a 5th the other side, a balanced approach which lethality and survivability. compromised by too many air-to-ground re- 20t, Typhoon requires only 40,000-lb of generation fighter but that in reality would ‘can do the job’, but with a forward looking Both Eurofighter and F-22 designs opted quirements (Rafale and JSF are cases in thrust and weighs less than 12t. The extra be better defined ‘A-35’ (an attack aircraft, plan to upgrade the initial superiority as for the best aerodynamic performances pos- point). weight means that more fuel (9t vs 5t) is not a fighter). the threat evolves, new technologies mature sible in the subsonic and high supersonic The key difference between the Eurofight- required to achieve similar fuel fractions Given the ‘surprising’ commonality of and their costs drop. domains. The two aircraft aimed for thrust- er and the F-22 was in the approach to the (and similar mission performance results). key design features highlighted by the 5th In both cases, the main design objective to-weight ratios, wing loading and fuel frac- survivability equation, which in the Rap- This adds to the overall weight and feeds Generation Fighter Checklist (see table was to deliver a sizeable weapon load (inter- tions typical of a top performance fighter. tor´s case was to go for a Very Low Observ- the vicious circle, where more weight in above right), it may be worth exploring fur- estingly both sides came to the same con- No compromises were allowed in this vital ability (VLO) design and, consequently, for turn requires more thrust to achieve the ther the Typhoon and Raptor design con- clusion, i.e. 6 medium range AMRAAM and area, as both design teams understood that the internal carriage of the design weapon desired thrust-to-weight ratio! More wing cepts and the philosophy behind their oper- 2 infrared missiles as the optimum firepow- the air superiority demands shape the air load, but at what cost in terms of affordabili- area is of course needed to achieve competi- ational requirements. er for a modern fighter). They both wanted vehicle configuration and aerodynamic per- ty, mass, complexity and inflexibility? tive wing loading, turning performance as 10 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD MARKET ANALYSIS MARKET ANALYSIS 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 11

MANNED FIGHTERS – EVOLUTION AND TRENDS EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON & F-22 RAPTOR – CLOSING THE GAP COST EFFECTIVENESS

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Technology Insertion Phased Approach:

 F-22A Multirole Capability is Threat-Justified (Air Superiority Optimised)  The Technology is Mature  Eurofighter Typhoon At the Right Price Point Air Superiority SU-27 Flanker NATO Response (Effectiveness results are scenario dependant. Data shown versus non-VLO threat fighters) Air Superiority High End Soviet Response 1.0 F-14 Future Trend F-22 Air Combat Effectiveness Band F-15A UCAV 0.8

Multirole (Strike Optimised) JSF 0.6

F-16A Evolutionary Upgrades / from Fighter to Fighter-Bomber F-16E F/A-18A 0.4 Multirole F/A-18E (Air Superiority)

Low End Combat Effectiveness Multirole (Strike) 0.2 Air Superiority (Low End)

Mig-29 EJ200 6 Meteor SRM 2 adv. EJ200 6 AMRAM SRM 2 adv. Mech.Radar EJ230 6 Meteor SRM 2 adv. Radar AESA 0

with the introduction of the new Meteor Be- If the sensor suite and situational yond Visual Range missile. The perfor- awareness of the F-22 is rightly considered mances of this missile will change the game best-in-class, how would one define the rules in the fighter domain and will cater Typhoon´s new sensor suite? for the planned improvements to the poten- tial threats in the medium term. Bearing in mind that with respect to the Consistent with a strategy of introducing Raptor the Eurofighter offers: well as manoeuvrability up to a high super- USAF. In such cases, as history shows us, Lampyridae Project in Germany, a secret new features only when the relevant tech- EUROFIGHTER BEST IN sonic regime. The result is a big aeroplane. the procurement quantities tend to be re- programme of the 80’s now in the Gerhard nologies have reached a satisfactory maturi- • Latest generation of transmit/receiver CLASS The VLO design represents a heavy vised downwards, unit prices trend up- Neumann Museum in Niederalteich). In fact ty level and an optimal pricing point, Eu- modules vs 1990 technology penalty in terms of extra mass (+67%) and wards, and a slow death spiral gets under several LO features were incorporated in rofighter is planning a second step with the • Azimuth coverage 200deg vs 120deg It is no exaggeration to characterise Eu- engine thrust (+75%) required. It is unlikely way. The end result for the F-22 programme the Eurofighter design! recently announced introduction of the Cap- • IRST vs no IRST rofighter Typhoon as the best-in-class aero- that the whole difference can be attributed was that the US could no longer afford the Eurofighter not only knew about the se- tor-E AESA radar. Bearing in mind the vital • Full Link 16 datalink vs receive-only dynamic platform with the most powerful to the VLO aspect alone, but it is also true initial 750 aircraft, nor the 330 aircraft vere weight penalties and the extra costs as- role played by the sensor´s wide field of re- data link and advanced AESA radar, armed with the that the difference would be much smaller minimum requirement, settling for only sociated with the VLO design, but was also gard (together with a high sustained turn most lethal Meteor long range missiles, had we compared the Raptor with an aver- 187 machines. (Note that the JSF pro- conscious that it represented a heavy bur- rate at high Mach levels, say Mach 1.6) in Whatever the definition might be, it is Iris-T and ASRAAM short-range missiles. age 4th generation fighter. Typhoon´s ex- gramme has been exhibiting all these nega- den on the operating costs and mission surviving the opponent´s counter-fire, the quite evident that Typhoon is keeping And last but not least: as with all true ceptional structural efficiency, aerodynamic tive trends at an exceedingly early stage!) availability. So the choice was for a bal- new AESA antenna will also be steerable to ahead of the potential threat by inserting fighters whose fundamental design choices finesse and innovative architectural solu- Eurofighter and the core partner nations anced survivability and approach for an cover around 200deg in azimuth. new capabilities when needed, in a cost- are shaped by air superiority requirements, tions (e.g. unstable platform) contribute were aware that the VLO solution would adaptable growth capability going forward. It is worth remembering that the Rap- effective fashion and that, in doing so, is Typhoon is moving briskly into new surface considerably to the above-mentioned gap have provided that extra combat effective- tor´s original design foresaw two AESA side moving into Raptor´s territory for what attack roles by integrating an ever increas- and are a further testimony to its overall de- ness, but were also conscious that they plates to supplement the front plate limited concerns air combat effectiveness levels ing array of air-to-surface weapons and sign quality. were entering the ugly portion of the “cost- EUROFIGHTER VS F-22 field of regard and thus increasing its com- (see bar chart above). expanding sensor functionalities. Given the strong correlation between air- reward curve", where small amounts of ex- CAPABILITIES bat effectiveness. This solution, together The level of the F-22 air combat effec- The synergistic combination of high craft mass and affordability, such a penalty tra performance are paid for very dearly. with the IRST, was eventually dropped for tiveness indicated in the chart is from the kinematic performance, new generation is of course also reflected in the acquisition Chasing the last 5-10% of performance Taking as a starting reference a Typhoon cost reasons and ultimately sacrificed to the Analysis of Alternatives study conducted by multi-spectral sensor suite and formidable cost. Adding to the initial cost of the extra where the “Law of Diminishing Returns” with the mechanical scan radar, the Eurojet VLO altar. Not considering the fact that the DRA for the UK Government (See also firepower, positions Typhoon well above maintenance required by the VLO design, kicks in brutally, was deliberately avoided, EJ200 engines and armed with 6 AMRAAM F-22 looks intrinsically inflexible, the air- RAND study “The Gray Threat” at page any other fighter available on the market. the life cycle cost of the weapon system is even though the relevant VLO design know- and 2 Short Range Missiles, a quantum leap craft has to carry all weapons internally in 28 — which concluded that Raptor´s cost Never has our motto "Nothing comes close" brought to prohibitive levels, even for the how was available in-house (Re: The in air combat capability will be achieved order to maintain the costly VLO performances. effectiveness was lower than Typhoon´s). been more appropriate. O.F. 12 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD a3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 13

Eurofighter Test Pilot Nat Makepeace walks away from his Eurofighter at Farnborough Air Show wearing the new HMSS 14 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD PROGRAMME PROGRAMME 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 15

As aircraft banks in turn – array repositioned to look to side and Fixed Plate 1st Generation AESA downwards Radar with comparable aperture EUROFIGHTER AND EURORADAR TO DEVELOP LATEST GENERATION size to Eurofighter Typhoon Initial target Wide Field of Regard Captor E detection in Latest Generation AESA Radar forward direction 0° Aircraft can complete engagement after Radar continues turn, flying across range with array positioned to look sideways and behind AESA RADAR to track target 60° and data link to missile through turn A PILOT’S PERSPECTIVE ON THE PROSPECT OF WIDE FIELD OF REGARD AESA RADAR 90° >90° BY CRAIG PENRICE, TYPHOON TEST PILOT

n innovative cutting edge AESA radar system, recon- greater the detection range. A rapidly mov- The AESA Repositioner provides firms Eurofighter as the most advanced aircraft ing mechanical scanner is used to sweep enhanced angular coverage available on the market. the beam to cover a wedge of sky ahead of combined with optimum range A performance Eurofighter GmbH and Euroradar, together with their the aircraft. Mechanical gimbal systems industrial partners, have begun full scale development of a traditionally limit the coverage to 60-70° latest generation Active Electronically Scanned Array on either side of the aircraft’s nose. (AESA) radar. The target in-service date for the new radar With all mechanical systems there is the AESA TECHNOLOGY: is 2015 to meet the requirements of Eurofighter Partner ever present potential of breakdown, which Nations and export customers. would render the fighter essentially useless. A PILLAR OF GROWTH FOR THE Eurofighter CEO Enzo Casolini said of the decision Furthermore, the transmitted power is pro- EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON PLATFORM “This is an important step in the Eurofighter programme vided by a single high power RF tube, which and will ensure that Typhoon continues to lead the way as is in turn powered by a high voltage power the world’s best new generation multi-role combat aircraft. supply. The transmitting tube and the pow- In consultation with our Core Nation customers we can er supply are often the least reliable compo- offer an AESA capability that far exceeds any other radar nents of the radar system and failure of available. This capability will mean that Eurofighter is in either device again renders the aircraft the best possible position when offering Typhoon to the blind. In an effort to improve reliability and export market. The in-service date means we are perfectly increase transmitted power, research and positioned to respond to the complex and demanding development work led towards the AESA requirements of the air forces”. radar, where the radar scanner, transmitter The decision means that Eurofighter will further devel- and high voltage power supply are replaced craft the pilot will turn as far away from his crease it even beyond current mechanically op the capability of the Typhoon aircraft to enhance its irst look, first shoot, first kill has long by an array of miniature, low voltage Trans- target as he possibly can, to put as much scanned radar limits into the area of +/- radar performance, building on preliminary development been the mantra of desire for fighter mit Receive Modules (TRMs) which are able distance between itself and the potential 100º. In simple terms, with this capability and flight testing undertaken since 2007. Although the Fpilots the world over. The first look to create a radar beam capable of moving incoming missile. However, for a finite time the WFoR Repositioner AESA equipped current Mechanically Scanned (M-Scan) radar is consid- part of that desire more often than not has instantly anywhere within the forward field he needs to keep his intended target within Typhoon pilot will be able to increase his ered to be best in class, AESA technology will see the come from the aircraft’s fire control radar of view. E-Scan radars offer significantly his radar’s field of regard. In doing this the separation from a threatening missile at Typhoon's radar capabilities developed even further. The system. Since the early days of radar, improved detection and tracking perfor- radar is able to track the target and send almost twice the rate of his fixed plate AE- planned AESA radar will offer a variety of benefits over around the battles of WWII, the race has mance. Additionally should some of these guidance correction messages to the missile SA equipped opposition. Now that really is he Euroradar consortium, (led by SELEX Galileo with M-Scan, including increased detection and tracking ranges, been on to increase the range at which that TRMs fail there is only a minimal loss in until the point when the missile itself can a capability worth having. partners EADS Defence & Security of Germany and advanced air-to-surface capability and enhanced electronic important first look can be provided and to radar performance and no loss of mission, see its target. At that point the pilot can The WFoR feature combined with air-to- TIndra of Spain), has invested heavily in Active Elec- protection measures. increase the reliability of providing it to the this is known as ‘Graceful Degradation’ and turn further away, and “run away bravely”, surface radar modes such as Synthetic Aper- tronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar technology over the The new radar will retain the key features of the exist- pilot. is a significant factor in increasing the outrunning the likely incoming missile. ture Radar (SAR) and Ground Moving Target last 16 years. ing Captor radar architecture in order to exploit the matu- Whilst the Typhoon’s Captor M is widely MTBF (Mean Time Before Failure) of the Hopefully the issue is clear; with less Indication (GMTI) maintain Eurofighter During that time a number of Technology Demonstrator rity of the current system and will use latest generation regarded as the most capable mechanically radar system. power at the extremes of its Field of Regard, Typhoon’s truly discriminating performance Programmes have been executed, each one taking AESA ca- technology to provide a full complement of air-to-air and scanned radar ever fielded, the time is now However, there is one important draw a flat plate equipped AESA radar cannot and superior operational capability. pability on Typhoon to a new level. These programmes in- air-to-surface modes. The large array can be accommodated right to take the next logical step of intro- back of early “fixed position” AESA radars, turn away as far as a mechanically clude AMSAR (Airborne Multirole Solid State Active Array easily in the Typhoon’s radome and, being fitted on a repo- ducing the electronically scanned (E-Scan) and that is the fact that at the larger, more equipped opponent, his radar lacks the IN SUMMARY Radar) and CECAR (Captor E-Scan Risk-reduction). As part sitioner, will provide an extremely wide field of regard. Captor E AESA radar system. The integra- acute, electronically scanned angles, the power necessary to continue tracking his Performance of the Typhoon AESA radar of the CECAR programme, the CAESAR (Captor Active This will see Typhoon's combat effectiveness enhanced tion of Captor E AESA with its unique Wide transmitted power (and hence detection target at the ranges where current radar will be unmatched in the export market- Electronically Scanning Array Radar) flew with great suc- even further, allowing the Typhoon to outperform any Field of Regard (WFoR) Repositioner into range) reduces significantly. To fully appre- guided missiles can be launched. In the place. The very large aircraft nose – some- cess on Eurofighter Typhoon DA-5 on May 2007. other aircraft available on the market. The radar will offer the Typhoon weapon system will provide ciate the impact of this issue, it is important future with the introduction of Meteor ad- thing that the Eurofighter competitors can- The Euroradar investment has focussed the enabling customers the freedom to retrofit their existing Typhoons Typhoon pilots with a critical winning to understand the tactics employed to vanced air-to-air missile, this problem be- not achieve - allows for an optimised array core AESA technologies such as high performance Trans- when required. The radar will have significant growth po- advantage over their potential adversaries. ensure survival in today’s typical BVR comes even more important. and with the addition of an innovative mit Receive Modules (TRM’s) and Array configuration. The tential and both existing and new customers will be able to WFoR Captor E AESA and Typhoon will set (Beyond Visual Range) engagement. To overcome the short-comings of early Repositioner, the Field of Regard is +/- timing is now right to move into full scale production de- participate in tailoring the radar to meet their individual the standard for all future fighters. First look, first shoot and first kill all fixed position, flat plate E-Scan radars, 100% which is some 50% wider than tradi- velopment to provide the latest generation AESA radar for operational requirements. To understand why Typhoon has waited makes perfect sense, but the unspoken part Typhoon’s solution will feature a WFoR tional fixed plate systems.This wide field Eurofighter Typhoon. Euroradar is a multi-national consortium lead by SELEX to take the step into the AESA arena it is of that mantra is also to avoid being killed Repositioner. This Repositioner, mechanical- of view has significant benefits in both air- The radar will rely heavily on the “back-end” processor Galileo, a Finmeccanica Company, alongside EADS Defence important to consider a little of the basic yourself shortly thereafter. Modern fighters ly moves the array and in the process off- to-air and air-to-surface engagements allow- and receiver architecture from the existing best-in-class Electronics and Indra. Euroradar has delivered over 250 principles of radar. Radar (Radio Detection being such that it is likely that if you can sets the electronic FoR to one side or anoth- ing Typhoon to turn away from, but still Captor mechanically scanned radar. This will ensure mini- Captor mechanically scanned radars into the Typhoon and Ranging) involves transmitting and fire, your opponent will also be able to fire er. This will also postpone the onset of sig- engage, target aircraft and carry out high mum disruption to the mature Typhoon weapon system programme to date and this experience will ensure a time- receiving a beam of radio energy. In simple at or about the same time. After the trigger nificant power drop off of the AESA radar resolution SAR modes whilst maintaining a and allow a timely and smooth transition to AESA. ly and smooth transition to AESA. terms, the more powerful the beam, the is pressed and the missile leaves the air- beyond the current Azimuth limits and in- safe distance from enemy forces. K.H. 16 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD PROGRAMME PROGRAMME 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 17

AIR FORCES TAKE DELIVERY OF A LATEST TECHNOLOGY HELMET MOUNTED SYMBOLOGY SYSTEM NAT MAKEPEACE INTERVIEW HELMET MAKES HEADLINES Nat Makepeace is a Eurofighter test pilot for BAE Sys- tems. Having flown in the RAF for 22 years, Nat’s experi- ence varies; ranging from aircraft such as the Hawk, Tornado and Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft for the RAF, but also with the F-16 as an exchange pilot in the US Air Force. Now based at BAE Systems’ Warton site, Nat has n July 2010 the , Spanish been a Project pilot for Tornado GR4 upgrade and Air Force, Italian Air Force and the Ger- day/night HMD development as well as a Project pilot on Iman Luftwaffe began taking delivery of ASRAAM and smart weapon upgrades for the F-16. His the most advanced Helmet Mounted Sym- flying hours total over 4,500 as of July 2010 when Nat bology System (HMSS) available for fighter flew the ‘fully loaded’ Typhoon all week during the Farn- pilots and forms a key component of their borough International Air Show. Here he shares his Eurofighter Typhoon weapon systems. The thoughts on the HMSS which he wore during the display. new HMSS was flown throughout the week of Farnborough Air Show in mid-July by Nat, you flew the helmet daily during Farnborough in the Eurofighter test pilot Nat Makepeace in the air display. How did you find it? air display. The helmet was reliable all week. It performed well and The HMSS passive and stealthy sensor enabled me to see key performance parameters clearly. system, developed and manufactured by Being almost as light and only slightly more complicated BAE Systems Rochester, provides the Eu- than a normal helmet, I had no problems with it. rofighter pilot with significant operational Were there any other pilots wearing similar equipment? advantages by reducing pilot workload and Not to the best of my knowledge. The F-18 and F-16 both fly increasing the weapon envelope in combat a similar system which is not quite as advanced as ours, but situations. The Eurofighter pilot will be able I don’t believe they flew with it at the show. to instantly designate targets with full head How long have you been flying with the helmet? movement, reducing the need for in-cockpit I have been flying with the Eurofighter Helmet Mounted switch selection and aircraft manoeuvring. Symbology System for some 18 months. In my previous This exploits the full potential of high off- experience as a Test Pilot I have been flying with Helmet boresight missiles such as IRIS-T and AS- mounted displays for about 10 years, which enables me to RAAM which can now be deployed without be very familiar with all the required elements of the the need to turn the aircraft on to the target. system. The HMSS significantly improves tacti- In combination, the Typhoon Helmet and allows both personal comfort and reduced What is your experience flying the HMSS? cal performance for Eurofighter pilots, by HMSS provide world leading capabilities, ownership costs through the flexibility of an I have flown around 30 sorties over a varied length of providing essential flight and weapon aim- giving the pilot, in conjunction with the rest outer interchangeable HMSS. Ejection safety time, ranging from a few minutes to several hours. The ing information through line of sight im- of the Typhoon Human Machine Interface characteristics are built into the design. nature of these flights have varied between multi-ship agery. Information imagery includes the equipment, unrivalled situational aware- As well as providing non-avionic type tactical air-to-air scenarios to low level display aircraft’s flight parameters, weapons status ness whether “head in” or “head out”. The helmet essential safety characteristics of pi- such as in Farnborough. and aiming which are all projected on the HMSS is manufactured from carbon fibre lot life support and communications func- How does it affect the operational capability of the Eu- HEA (Head Equipment Assembly) visor, and at under 2 kg, its weight is similar to tions, the HMSS has full integration with all rofighter Typhoon? thereby enabling the pilot to simultaneously other contemporary non-HMSS helmets. Eurofighter attack and navigation systems. HMSS provides a significant increase in situational aware- look out in any direction (head out) and Its modular design incorporates a pilot The new helmet can be used throughout the ness, which in turn will reduce work load or increase the have all required flight and weapon aiming personal “inner” helmet, which fits into the full aircraft envelope (up to 9g) for both air- ability of the pilot to accomplish a task. Due to the ability to information always in his field of vision. standard “outer” avionic HMSS. This design to-air and air-to-ground day / night missions. see all around you, many combat and peacetime tasks will be simpler to conduct and will be completed quicker. Does it increase capability for both air-to-air and air-to- ground roles? It definitely improves both and has huge potential in the air- to-ground role - in particular CAS where the situation is fluid. Currently on Typhoon this capability is not yet enabled, but from other platforms this will really provide the edge for the pilot. From a wearability point of view, is the helmet different to old non-avionic helmets? In general, you will find that walk-out procedures will be influenced slightly. So far the production helmet has proved robust, working very well at Farnborough with only pilot servicing! What aspect of the HMSS do you believe will be most useful to the Air Forces? I would say that off-boresight designation is key for the air forces and the helmet certainly offers excellent capability in this regard. Also, air-to-surface tasks are greatly facili- tated and there is a general increase in situational aware- ness when operating with this helmet. Q. 18 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD ENGINE ENGINE 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 19

AVIO AND THE EJ200 FOR THE EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON TECHNOLOGY FOR THE BEST PERFORMANCE AND SKILL FOR COMPLETE SUPPORT Founded in 1908, Avio plays a leading role in the European aero-engine business and EUROJET PARTNER is acknowledged worldwide as systems inte- grator in the most important international programmes in the aeronautical and space sectors. Avio is involved in the whole life cycle of products, from the design and de- Avio is one of four shareholders in the European consortium EUROJET, which was established in 1986 velopment phase through to production and to develop and produce the EJ200 engine powering Eurofighter Typhoon. Avio’s workshare within the services. The company is a global leader in EJ200 in an engine test facility programme is 21 per cent and consists of the accessory drive gearbox, the low-pressure turbine sta- the design and production of low-pressure tor and rotor modules, the afterburner and a large portion of the accessories. turbines, combustors, power transmissions, In addition to product development, Avio accessory drive trains, afterburner systems also offers maintenance, repair & overhaul and auxiliary power units. (MRO) activities for civil and military aero- y the end of 2009, Avio achieved a Throughout the production phase of the In the civil aviation sector, Avio is a part- engines and gas turbines. These activities significant production milestone, EJ200, Avio have continued to develop tech- ner with major worldwide Original Equip- are concentrated mainly in two certified Bwhich involved the delivery of over nologies, which offer life cycle enhance- ment Manufacturers (OEMs) such as Rolls- centres of excellence: Brindisi for military 130 engines to the Italian Air Force and the ments and also allow engine operation at Royce, General Electric, Pratt & Whitney engines and Pomigliano d’Arco (Naples) for production of some 750 engine modules. increased levels of performance. Avio is (USA and Canada) and Honeywell. civil engines. These two industrial plants Achievement of this milestone involved also participating in the development of a In the military aviation sector, Avio de- provide fleet management services of the three of Avio’s industrial plants: Rivalta di thrust vectoring nozzle system, which could signs and develops engine subsystems for highest level to government and national Torino, Pomigliano d’Arco and Acerra be integrated onto Eurofighter Typhoon. national and international government pro- customers as well as international civil air- (Naples) and Brindisi. (Re: EF World issue 2/2010 pg. 18) grammes and is the national supplier for line companies. Avio also provides numer- Avio is in the process of establishing a propulsion systems to the Italian Armed ous engine support lines with logistics and military MRO division for technical and lo- Forces. training support. gistical customer support. The division, op- In the space sector, Avio is a key player erates under “all inclusive” conditions, is in the Ariane 5 programme and is responsi- based at the Brindisi industrial plant and ble for the entire launcher “Vega”, which is interfaces with NETMA. A strong focus for a launch vehicle designed for small-size this division is on the repairability of com- satellites (up to 1,500 kg in low earth orbit). ponents. A similar team is already in opera- Through the ELV company, Avio and the tion in Cameri, Grosseto and Gioia del Colle, Italian Space Agency (ASI) are “prime Italian Air Force air bases. contractor” for the development, qualifica- tion and production of the “Vega” launcher of which, 65 per cent is produced in Italy. 20 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD IN-SERVICE IN-SERVICE 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 21

means, and as the Canadians say "Use it It is highly unlikely that the Western of the new competencies which flow from or lose it". Russia already made the point nations will confront each other outside the this situation. very clear: The North Pole is Russia! courtrooms. But the freeing up of the Norway will have a future role in the THE ARCTIC FIGHTERThe melting of the sea ice has opened ice-caps over at least half of Greenland (to- light of increased commercial and military the Northeast and Northwest Passages, day 80 per cent covered by ice), which is shipping around its territorial waters and USE IT OR LOSE IT which economically is of enormous impor- pressuring to become more autonomous, owing to possible disputes in respect of oil tance: the distance between Rotterdam and will give Denmark a greater importance deposits around the Svalbard islands. Cana- Yokohama is reduced from 11,200 to 6,500 within the ambit of the European Union, da is one of the onlookers most affected. nautical miles. An open Northwest Passage whilst at the same time loading it up with The melting of the ice-caps opens up the Due to the increasingly sparce availability of natural resources, the Arctic has become an importantaround Canada will shorten the route be- enormous strategic problems in relation to possibility of exploiting the bituminous region for World Powers due to its abundance of resources which until recently were uneconomicaltween to Rotterdam and Seattle to within the management sands of the Far North. obtain. If we take water and hydrocarbons as an example which will become a decreasing resource2,000 in nautical miles. These are routes that some areas – and therefore a contentious issue – it is easy to see how problems will arise. connect the Atlantic with the Pacific, an issue which will also attract the interest of China and therefore of South Korea and uring the Cold War, the Arctic War, the Arctic region has retained its Japan. region's importance was dominated strategic significance and the conflict Dby the strategic military balance potential has increased. between the Soviet Union and USA/NATO. During a speech made at a meeting in Nuclear bombers and ballistic missiles were London last year, American Admiral James ready to cross the Arctic on their doomsday Stravidis, Supreme Allied NATO Comman- mission. Therefore, the USA and Canada es- der for Europe, clearly stated: “The Far tablished a common air defence command North may become an area of conflict, an to defend the entry to continental North area of probable competition”. Nobody can America. The system comprised of a chain say what will happen in the next 10 years of long range radars through Canada and and in the Arctic, the pre-conditions there- Greenland, hundreds of interceptors and fore exist for force escalation. With no inter- many air bases including the strategically national consensus and no bilateral settle- important Thule Air Base, in Greenland. ment in sight, the nations know that they Equivalent means were deployed on the can only claim their rights if they are pre- Soviet side. Despite the demise of the Cold sent in the Arctic with visible and credible

Typhoon prepares for cold weather flying in Laage Two engines are mandatory for safe operations in the bitter cold Arctic environment

Snow isn’t enough to stop Eurofighter flying Two Luftwaffe jets prepare for training The aircraft provides the ground crew with no problems in the cold weather 22 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD IN-SERVICE 3/2010 EUROFIGHTER WORLD 23

Following cold weather trials in Sweden in 2003. The Typhoon operates regulary across Europe in freezing temps. THE BACKBONE OF THE EUROFIGHTER PROGRAMMETyphoon is one of the leading global military programmes in production, and our presence tures below –30° Celsius, including full in this programme has enabled MABS to demonstration of its autonomous opera- SUPPLY CHAIN FOCUSgrow our market share within the military tional capability and low logistical footprint, segment.” Approximately 5 to 10 per cent of the Eurofighter is ready to cope with the With over 400 suppliers involved in the the monthly metrics, their annual sales turnover is made up by severe weather of the Arctic. The fighter is Eurofighter Typhoon supply chain, Europe’s Secondo Mona has constantly delivered 100 Eurofighter work. equipped with an Auto-Approach mode largest collaborative programme, ranging per cent on time and of 99 per cent quality.” Eurofighter has made a similar impact on which allows the autopilot to fly an ILS from large international companies to small, Mr. Bogni explained that being one of annual turnover sales for OMA (Officine approach in all conditions, and it has been independent local companies, the pro- Eurofighters’ key suppliers meant the Meccaniche Aeronautiche), another Italian tested to operate in the most extreme gramme is comprised of a strong, diverse creation of a mutually satisfactory relation- supplier for the programme. General Manag- weather including flight in icing conditions. and highly skilled work force. ship between both parties. As did Eduardo er Vincenzo Rossi explained, “The Eurofight- The Eurofighter's advanced aerodynam- The Eurofighter programme, being a key Chamorro, Technical and Commercial Direc- er programme made about 11 per cent of our ics, flight control system and powerful driver for spin off technology in European tor of CESA, a Spanish avionic company and annual sale revenues in 2009”. He also ex- EJ200 engines make short take-offs possible business, uses suppliers from across the four another supplier to the Typhoon programme. plained that thanks to the Typhoon pro- in all configurations. The Eurofighter has an partner nations of Germany, Italy, Spain and Mr. Chamorro said that the relationship gramme OMA was able to consolidate itself advanced anti-skid braking system and a the UK and serves to maintain an indepen- between both consortiums is professional in a high level multinational industrial envi- brake chute to allow short landings on dent and competitive European aerospace and rewarding. ronment. In the medium term it is envisaged that the attrition rate? These are questions slippery runways. In the most extreme case industry. CESA produces landing gear door actua- “The Typhoon is one of the few pro- Canada will purchase 60 aircraft to replace which many in Canada, Denmark and even landing on icy runways would be pos- Eurofighter World spoke to five suppliers tors as well as essential APU and oxygen grammes that is long term, requiring suffi- its Hornets and it appears that this will Norway are starting to ask. sible using its arrestor hook. Both the Nor- from across the partner nations and was systems. Although most contracts are man- ciently stable planning, with guaranteed come in the form of the Lockheed Martin But the most important question is why wegian and the Canadians have operational- granted a little insight into what working on aged through the partner companies and not quantities over the coming years and very F-35 Lighting II Joint Strike Fighter pro- these three nations should have an attack ly used mobile arrestor cable systems on the Typhoon means for them and how the the Eurofighter consortium itself, CESA are demanding logistic support requirements. gramme. But is the F-35 (or the A-35 as aircraft that will not be able to defend the their tundra airfields. The nose wheel posi- programme works from their perspective. proud to be one of the suppliers for the All have contributed to sustaining and grow- many consider it) the right choice for Cana- country’s strategic assets in the future - the tion behind the inlet, significantly reduces Each company we spoke to is a valued Eurofighter Typhoon programme. ing the OMA business.” Mr. Rossi concluded. da’s changing geo-political priorities? JSF has been designed for ground attack the FOD-hazard to the engines while the supplier for Eurofighter and have all been MEGGIT – Aircraft Breaking Systems OMA supports the Eurofighter programme Would not the vast size of the country as its main mission. Eurofighter operates on the Arctic airfields. with the programme since its creation in the (MABS), is an English supplier for the by supplying parts such as in-flight refu- and the challenging future needs discussed Today, a fighter aircraft is one of the The retractable in-flight refuelling probe early 1990’s. The suppliers we spoke to man- Integrated Landing Gear Control System of elling probes and door actuators, arrestor earlier require a twin engine, multi-role most flexible and powerful means to show makes possible refuelling from a large ufacture a wide range of products and are the aircraft, which includes components hook shock absorbers and others. fighter with real and credible air defence presence and deterrence. Their sensors range of in-flight refuelling tankers recognised for their professionalism in man- such as the landing computer, the brake Some companies make nearly half of the capabilities? Without the capabilities to fly make them ideally suited to detect, track equipped with the drogue basket system. ufacturing and delivery. assembly and wheel speed transducers. annual sale revenues from working with the fast and high enough (JSF does not have the and monitor penetrators over vast distances But the most obvious Eurofighter advan- The Italian company Secondo Mona is a Their sister company MEGGIT-Avionics also Eurofighter programme. For instance, the climb speed required nor is it able to super- and, in most cases, their presence alone tage is its two engines providing a signifi- leading business in the design and manufac- manufactures the air data transducer for the turnover figures of Secondo Mona and CESA cruise); without a reasonable weapon load would force the penetrators – airborne as cant flight safety bonus. In case of an en- ture of aerospace equipment. This supplier Typhoon. are around 35 per cent of business sales, and with its radar low observational capa- well as seaborne – to leave. The fighter is gine failure – which statistically will hap- provides Eurofighter with fuselage tanks, for- It is not only Eurofighter that benefits however this is not always the case with all bilities almost redundant in the air defence also the quickest power projection means pen – the Eurofighter will not crash, but ward wing transfer pumps, a variety of tank from the solid relationship with the suppli- suppliers, as some companies work along- role, would JSF be a good choice for Canada available. But the ideal "Arctic Fighter" re- safely recover to a base with the damaged pressure regulating valves and much more. ers; the Typhoon programme is just as im- side the consortium for mutual development. or for Norway? In the difficult Canadian quires more than the right sensors, naviga- engine. No pilot wants to eject into the Secondo Mona does not only supply for the portant and beneficial to the suppliers. Some companies are dependent on the environment, the air force has already lost tion and weapon systems. Arctic environment, knowing it is potential- Typhoon programme, but is also an impor- Eurofighter has had an incredible impact on relationship and long-term contracts that 16 F-18’s through accidents, while, to date The best answer to these questions is ly lethal due to the extreme weather, the tant supplier for the EJ200 engine, manufac- the European aeronautic industry, giving the programme brings. Whatever the case, Norway has lost quite a large number of its the Eurofighter. Tested in Northern Sweden wild life and the isolation. Being out of turing after burner fuel control units, shut- different sectors in Europe a technological what is apparent is that it is the suppliers as light, single engine F-16’s. What might under actual Arctic conditions at tempera- reach of helicopters and ships, it will take off and distribution valves and fuel coiled oil advantage. much as the partner companies that play a happen in the coming years with a single days to be evacuated. coolers. Sergio Bogni, Secondo Mona’s Mark Torres, Head of Programmes for vital role in making the Typhoon the world’s engine aircraft? Would it be possible to So in summary, the Eurofighter is not Managing Director said “Being a supplier to Coventry and Programme Manager for best combat aircraft. recover a pilot that has ejected, on time, in a only affordable, combat ready and already the Typhoon programme has made us very Eurofighter Typhoon in MEGGIT, stated that A.H.-C. harsh Arctic environment? What would be superior in performance and fire power, attentive to delivery schedules and the working for Eurofighter opened up opportu- but has the additional features that make it quality of the product delivered. According to nities for his company. He said, ‘Eurofighter the perfect fighter in the unforgiving Arctic environment. We continue our tour along the cables L.J. & M.M. INSIDE A EUROFIGHTER AT THE SPEED OF LIGHTuntil we reach another group of compo- rare opportunity gives us access to a by quick flashes on a fibre optic to the left nents, all identical to one another, called newly invented special system that and disappears. “Someone” has sensed that the memories, which hold the local instruc- Acan shrink us at will and accelerate our presence might involuntarily contami- tions for the processor we have just seen. us to any speed. We seize the moment to go nate the data and therefore decided to This is the intelligence of a brain that plans, inside a flying machine – the Eurofighter – reroute it to a secondary path. decides and coordinates continuously thou- from a unique and privileged point of view. We continue exploring until we reach the sands of functions and inputs from sensors The atmosphere is surreal, as we come to end of the fibre where we arrive on top of an and dedicated systems while feeding and grips with a maze of wires of different sizes electronic card, surrounded by many others exchanging data through copper and fibre and materials, extending for over 50 kilome- in every shape and size. We have entered the optic cables protected by robust communi- tres. We jump into a bundle of fibre optics. processor, one of the main electronic compo- cations protocols. This cable uses light to carry signals – in nents. The processor is black, broad, long We are swimming in an increasingly fact, about a million a second. We follow one and with golden roots well planted into the growing and evolving integrated system, of these signals and we suddenly have the cards. We can see now that the thick maze of which over the next four years will almost impression that something is aware of our cables leads us to hundreds of other proces- double its “intelligence” to reach eight mil- presence. A red warning signal flashes three sors that surround us. We visit and count the lion lines of code. We are inside the brain times above our head;“Protocol Error, Retry processing centres, discovering a total of 114 of the Eurofighter. on Alternate Lane”. The message is followed that hold no less than five million lines of code. F. Danubio PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES 3/2010

 AESA RADAR LAUNCHED  NEW HELMET IN SERVICE  TYPHOON: THE ARCTIC FIGHTER

Leader of Forces

Typhoon: Operational with six air forces, the aircraft offers total multi role dominance. Eurofighter Typhoon delivers unparalleled fleet effectiveness. Designed with an established technology insertion programme - from AESA radar and innovative latest generation helmet mounted symbology system to advanced air-to-air and air-to-ground weapon systems - the Typhoon is able to counter effectively all TOTAL FORCE ! current and evolving threats and will continue at the forefront of combat aircraft for future decades. EUROFIGHTER REACHES THE REALMS OF F-22

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