Melianthus Comosus Spp

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Melianthus comosus spp . Leaves large, waxy and bright green, Common name: margins saw toothed, may have tiny star- Tufted honeyflower, Cape honeyflower, shaped hairs on upper surface, with an unpleasant smell when crushed. Palatability to Livestock: . Flowers in racemes on stalks, drooping at Not known to be eaten. maturity, long, nodding dense spikes, reddish brown, foul smelling, in late winter to autumn. Inflated, angled, papery pods with shiny Toxicity to Goats: black seeds. Low risk. Roots are creeping, suckering, and toxic. Reproduces by seeds and suckers, forms Toxicity to Other Species: dense stands; regrows from rhizomes if cut Potentially toxic to all animal species. down. Found SA and Victoria on degraded pasture. Poisonous Principle: . Honey may be toxic. Cardiac glycocides. Native of S Africa. Now found in all states in Australia, on Effects: roadsides, waste places, dunes and bushland. Signs and symptoms; . Tolerates most conditions. Loss of appetite, cyanosis, tympanites, . Depression, diarrhoea, . Slow irregular heart beat, eventually heart block. Health and Production Problems; . Rapid death, in many cases. All parts are toxic. Treatment; Be aware of potential stock problems. Integrated Control Strategy: . Grub out and burn, . Declared “Noxious” in Victoria. Plough, rake and cultivate. Use herbicides. Picture: Melianthus spps dpi,vic.gov.au References; Comments: . Blood. Environmental Weeds. Field Guide for SE . Garden plant gone feral, Australia. CRC Weed Management Systems 2003. A densely branched, erect, evergreen, shrub . Everist. Poisonous Plants of Australia. 1981 about 2 metres high, and 3 m across, with a . Lamp and Collett. A Field Guide to Weeds in foul smell. Australia. 1979. Parsons and Cuthbertson. Branches are large, hollow and irregular in Noxious Weeds of Australia. 2001 shape, and hairy. Shepherd. Pretty but Poisonous. 2004 . Leaves are crowded in tufts towards ends of . Simmonds, Holst and Bourke. Palatability and branches, pinnate with 9- 13 leaflets. Potential Toxicity of Australian Weeds to Goats. 2000. Swarbrick and Skarratt. Bushweed 2 Database.1994. Information included in this Info Sheet was obtained from the source documents, and no responsibility will be accepted by the compiler. .

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Nhs Fall Plant Sale Friday, September 18, Noon to 6:30 Pm Saturday, September 19, 9:00 Am to 3:00 Pm

ardennotes northwestG horticultural society fall 2009 nhs fall plant sale friday, september 18, noon to 6:30 pm saturday, september 19, 9:00 am to 3:00 pm L ISA IRWIN CLEAR THE DE C KS ! CLEAR THE BEDS ! Throw out those under-performers (your plants, not your spouses) and join us for the Fall Plant Sale on September 18 and 19 at Magnuson Park in Seattle. Even if you don’t think you have room for another plant, come see what’s new that you can’t do without. This year we will have more than 30 outstanding specialty growers from around the Puget Sound area to dazzle you with their wide variety of plants. Fall is a great time for planting. As the temperatures lessen and the rains begin, plants have a much easier time developing root growth. When spring finally comes the plants will be well on their way. We expect a good selection Oh la la! Ciscoe Morris is all ready for the NHS fall plant sale. of plants that will not only benefit from See related articles on pages 1-4. (Nita-Jo Rountree) fall planting, but many that will provide an awesome fall display. Far Reaches include Melianthus villosa, of my favorite vendors for fabulous Kelly and Sue of Far Reaches and Bergenia ‘Eric Smith’. epimedium, cyclamen, hosta, and Farm will be bringing some exotic Laine McLauglin of Steamboat polygonatum are Naylor Creek plants from Yunnan. Salvia bulleyana Island Nursery has recently stopped Nursery, Bouquet Banque Nursery, has large broadly deltoid two-tone her retail sales at the nursery to Botanica, and Overland Enterprises.
Calibrated Chronograms, Fossils, Outgroup Relationships, and Root Priors: Re-Examining the Historical Biogeography of Geraniales

bs_bs_banner Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 113, 29–49. With 4 figures Calibrated chronograms, fossils, outgroup relationships, and root priors: re-examining the historical biogeography of Geraniales KENNETH J. SYTSMA1,*, DANIEL SPALINK1 and BRENT BERGER2 1Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA 2Department of Biological Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA Received 26 November 2013; revised 23 February 2014; accepted for publication 24 February 2014 We re-examined the recent study by Palazzesi et al., (2012) published in the Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (107: 67–85), that presented the historical diversification of Geraniales using BEAST analysis of the plastid spacer trnL–F and of the non-coding nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Their study presented a set of new fossils within the order, generated a chronogram for Geraniales and other rosid orders using fossil-based priors on five nodes, demonstrated an Eocene radiation of Geraniales (and other rosid orders), and argued for more recent (Pliocene–Pleistocene) and climate-linked diversification of genera in the five recognized families relative to previous studies. As a result of very young ages for the crown of Geraniales and other rosid orders, unusual relationships of Geraniales to other rosids, and apparent nucleotide substitution saturation of the two gene regions, we conducted a broad series of BEAST analyses that incorporated additional rosid fossil priors, used more accepted rosid ordinal
Honeybush, Melianthus Major

A Horticulture Information article from the Wisconsin Master Gardener website, posted 26 Feb 2016 Honeybush, Melianthus major One of six species in the genus, Melianthus major is an evergreen shrub in the family Melianthaceae native to drier areas of the southwestern Cape in South Africa. It is easy to grow, so has been used as a garden plant worldwide for its attractive foliage. With large blue, deeply incised leaves, honeybush makes a dramatic addition to containers or seasonal plantings. Although it is only hardy to zone 8, it is fast-growing so can be used as seasonal ornamental in colder areas. In the wild it is a winter grower, going dormant in the summer, but will grow Melianthus major is a tender shrub grown well in the relatively cool for its attractive foliage. summers of the Midwest. Honeybush received the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit in 1993. Honeybush is used as a seasonal ornamental in cool climates. In its native habitat or other mild climates honeybush grows up to 10 feet tall and spreads by suckering roots (and has become an invasive plant in some areas, such as parts of New Zealand). It is naturally a sparsely branched shrub with a sprawling habit. But it looks best when pruned hard and is often treated more like a perennial than a Melianthus major in habitat in the Cedarberg Mountains shrub when near Clanwilliam, South Africa. used as an ornamental. When grown as an annual seasonally in cold climates it remains much shorter, but the leaves are still as large.
Harmful Garden Plants in Western Australia

Research Library Bulletins 4000 - Research Publications 4-2005 Harmful garden plants in Western Australia Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia Follow this and additional works at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/bulletins Part of the Botany Commons, and the Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons Recommended Citation Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia. (2005), Harmful garden plants in Western Australia. Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia, Perth. Bulletin 4641. This bulletin is brought to you for free and open access by the Research Publications at Research Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bulletins 4000 - by an authorized administrator of Research Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Bulletin No. 4641 ISSN 1448-0352 April 2005 Harmful garden plants inWestern Australia JJ1631-DeptOfAg-20pp-FA.indd1631-DeptOfAg-20pp-FA.indd I 222/04/20052/04/2005 112:04:552:04:55 PPMM Disclaimer 1. The information, representations and statements contained in this publication (“Information”) are provided for general information purposes only. 2. The State of Western Australia, the Minister for Agriculture, the Chief Executive Officer of Agriculture and their respective officers, employees and agents: (a) do not make any representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, completeness or currency of the Information; and (b) shall not be liable, in negligence or otherwise, to any person for any loss, liability, damage, personal injury or death arising out of any act or failure to act by any person in using or relying on the Information. 3. Any person who uses the Information does so at his or her own risk.
Melianthus Major L

Alfred Maroyi /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 11(11), 2019, 3638-3642 Melianthus major L. (Francoaceae): review of its medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities Alfred Maroyi Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa. Abstract Melianthus major is a perennial and evergreen shrub widely used to treat and manage various human ailments in South Africa. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive report on the medicinal uses, phytochemical and biological activities of M. major. Diverse electronic search engines and specialized reference tools such as Google, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, scientific literature, publishing sites and electronic databases (Pubmed, Springer, Wiley and Science Direct) were used for data retrieval. The leaves and roots of M. major are widely used as traditional medicines for fractures and sprains, pain, syphilis and venereal sores, gum diseases, ulcers, cancer, respiratory problems, backache and lumbago, rheumatism, painful feet and swellings, snakebite, skin problems, septic wounds and sores. The aerial parts and leaves of M. major contain esters, flavonoids, phytosterols and triterpenoids. Pharmacological research revealed that the leaf extracts of M. major and compounds isolated from the species exhibited antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, hypotensive and cytotoxicity activities. There is need for clinical and toxicological evaluations of crude extracts and compounds isolated from the species since M. major contains potentially toxic compounds. Keywords: Ethnopharmacology, Francoaceae, herbal medicine, indigenous pharmacopeia, Melianthus major, Melianthaceae INTRODUCTION biological activities of M. major so as to provide the Melianthus major L. is a foetid-smelling, perennial and baseline data required in evaluating the therapeutic evergreen shrub belonging to the Francoaceae family.
Complete Sequence and Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genome of Plinia Trunciflora”

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Jumping the Garden Fence

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The California Collection Ouring of the State of California Will Reveal to You Redwood Grove

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BMC Evolutionary Biology Biomed Central

BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Mitochondrial matR sequences help to resolve deep phylogenetic relationships in rosids Xin-Yu Zhu1,2, Mark W Chase3, Yin-Long Qiu4, Hong-Zhi Kong1, David L Dilcher5, Jian-Hua Li6 and Zhi-Duan Chen*1 Address: 1State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China, 2Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China, 3Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK, 4Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, The University Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1048, USA, 5Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA and 6Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, 125 Arborway, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA Email: Xin-Yu Zhu - [email protected]; Mark W Chase - [email protected]; Yin-Long Qiu - [email protected]; Hong- Zhi Kong - [email protected]; David L Dilcher - [email protected]; Jian-Hua Li - [email protected]; Zhi- Duan Chen* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 10 November 2007 Received: 19 June 2007 Accepted: 10 November 2007 BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:217 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-217 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/7/217 © 2007 Zhu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Floral Morphology and Embryology of Melianthus Major LINNAEUS

©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Floral Morphology and Embryology of Melianthus major LINNAEUS By Ishwari KHTJSHALANI Department of Botany, Birla College, Pilani (Rajasthan), India With 70 Figures Received October 30, 1962 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Materials and methods 3. Observations 3.1. External morphology 3.2. Floral anatomy 3.3. Embryology 3.3.1. Microsporangium and male gametophyte 3.3.2. Megasporogenesis and female gametophyte 3.3.3. Pollination and fertilization 3.3.4. Endosperm 3.3.5. Embryo 3.3.6. Seed 3.3.7. Pericarp 4. Discussion 5. Summary ' 6. Literature cited 1. Introduction BENTHAM & HOOKER 1862 regarded Melianthaceae as a part of Sapinda- . The genera comprising the Melianthaceae were treated as a distinct family by GURKE 1896, who regarded them as having affinities with Sapin- daceae. HALLIER 1912 treated Melianthaceae as a taxon very distinct from but quite closely related to Sapindaceae. In recent years also Melianthaceae has been regarded as a family distinct from Sapindaceae (COPELAND 1957, LAWRENCE 1958, HUTCHESTSON 1959 and PORTER 1959). Practically there is no previous work on the embryology and floral anatomy of Melianthaceae. MATJRITZON 1936 has studied the megasporogenesis of the Melianthus. 2. Materials and methods Melianthus major was collected from Ootacamund in the year 1959 and fixed in formalin-acetic-alcohol. Dehydration and embedding was followed Phyton, Vol. 10, Fasc. 1—2. 1963 • ' 10 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 146 according to the xylol ethyl alcohol paraffin method. Sections were cut at 6—15 (j,.
Genome Assembly and Phylogenomic Data Analyses Using Plastid Data: Contrasting Species Tree Estimation Methods

Data in brief 25 (2019) 104271 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Data in brief journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib Data Article Genome assembly and phylogenomic data analyses using plastid data: Contrasting species tree estimation methods * D.J.P. Gonçalves a, , B.B. Simpson a, G.H. Shimizu b, R.K. Jansen a, c, E.M. Ortiz d a Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway #C0930, Austin, TX, 78713, USA b Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil c Genomics and Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia d Department of Ecology & Ecosystem Management, Plant Biodiversity Research, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann Strasse 2, Freising, D-85354, Germany article info abstract Article history: Phylogenomics has become increasingly popular in recent years Received 14 June 2019 mostly due to the increased affordability of next generation Received in revised form 4 July 2019 sequencing techniques. Phylogenomics has sparked interest in Accepted 9 July 2019 multiple ﬁelds of research, including systematics, ecology, Available online 27 July 2019 epidemiology, and even personalized medicine, agriculture and pharmacy. Despite this trend, it is usually difﬁcult to learn and un- Keywords: derstand how the analyses were done, how the results were ob- Data processing Genome assembly tained, and most importantly, how to replicate the study. Here we Phylogenetic analyses present the data and all of the code utilized to perform phyloge- Phylogenetic signal nomic inferences using plastome data: from raw data to extensive Tree space phylogenetic inference and accuracy assessment.
Flora of Australia, Volume 25, Melianthaceae to Simaroubaceae

FLORA OF AUSTRALIA Volume 25 Melianthaceae to Simaroubaceae This volume was published before the Commonwealth Government moved to Creative Commons Licensing. © Commonwealth of Australia 1985. This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced or distributed by any process or stored in any retrieval system or data base without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: [email protected] FLORA OF AUSTRALIA Volume 25 of Flora of Australia contains 7 families of plants. The largest is Sapindaceae, with 30 genera and 193 species. Many of these are rainforest plants of Queensland and New South Wales, but a number occur elsewhere in Australia. The family contains the large genus Dodonaea (native hops), which occurs widely in drier regions. Also in Volume 25 is Anacardiaceae, with 9 genera and 13 species in Australia. These arc mostly tropical plants but include several trees naturalised in southern regions. The other families are Simaroubaceae (4 genera, with 5 native species and 1 naturalised species), Burseraceae (2 genera, 5 native species), Melianthaceae (1 genus, 2 naturalised species), Akaniaceae (1 native species) and Aceraceae (1 naturalised species). In all, the volume contains 48 genera and 221 species. The volume includes descriptions, keys for identification, notes and maps on distribution, and bibliographic information. A number of species are illustrated by line drawings or colour photographs.